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Volume 2: Baseline, Section 13: Traditional Land Use September 2011 Volume 2: Baseline Studies Frontier Project Section 13: Traditional Land Use

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R1 R24 R23 R22 R21 R20 T113 R19 R18 R17 R16 Devil's Gate 220 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 ! T112 Fort Chipewyan Allison Bay 219 T111 Dog Head 218 T110 Lake Claire ³ Chipewyan 201A T109 Chipewyan 201B T108 Old Fort 217 Chipewyan 201 T107 Maybelle River T106 Wildland Provincial Wood Buffalo National Park Park Alberta T105 Richardson River Dunes Wildland Athabasca Dunes Saskatchewan Provincial Park Ecological Reserve T104 Chipewyan 201F T103 Chipewyan 201G T102 T101 2888 T100 Marguerite River Wildland Provincial Park T99 1661 850 Birch Mountains T98 Wildland Provincial Namur River Park 174A 33 2215 T97 94 2137 1716 T96 1060 Fort McKay 174C Namur Lake 174B 2457 239 1714 T95 21 400 965 2172 T94 ! Fort McKay 174D 1027 Fort McKay Marguerite River 2006 Wildland Provincial 879 T93 771 Park 772 2718 2926 2214 2925 T92 587 2297 2894 T91 T90 274 Whitemud Falls T89 65 !Fort McMurray Wildland Provincial Park T88 Clearwater 175 Clearwater River T87Traditional Land Provincial Park Fort McKay First Nation Gregoire Lake Provincial Park T86 Registered Fur Grand Rapids Anzac Management Area (RFMA) Wildland Provincial ! Gipsy Lake Wildland Park Provincial Park T85 Traditional Land Use Regional Study Area Gregoire Lake 176, T84 176A & 176B Traditional Land Use Local Study Area T83 ST63 ! Municipality T82 Highway Stony Mountain Township Wildland Provincial T81 Park Watercourse T80 Waterbody Cowper Lake 194A I.R. Janvier 194 T79 Wabasca 166 Provincial Park T78 National Park 0 15 30 45 T77 KILOMETRES 1:1,500,000 UTM Zone 12 NAD 83 T76 Date: 20110815 Author: CES Checked: DC File ID: 123510543-097 (Original page size: 8.5X11) Acknowledgements: Base data: AltaLIS. RFMA: AltaLIS Figure 13-10: RFMAs Registered to Community Members of Fort McKay Frontier Project – Volume 2: Baseline, Section 13: Traditional Land Use September 2011 Volume 2: Baseline Studies Frontier Project Section 13: Traditional Land Use Fort McKay and Other Aboriginal Use of Renewable Resources The Community of Fort McKay Traditional Uses of the Renewable Resources on the Proposed Suncor Steepbank Mine (Fort McKay 1995b) included the results of a community survey that listed floral and faunal species used within that development’s study area and surrounding regions. Additionally, Suncor (2000) summarized the results of traditional resources identified in the following reports: • Northern River Basins Study (Bill et. al 1996) • Survey of Consumptive Uses of the Community of Fort McKay (Fort McKay 1997a) • Muskeg River Mine Project Study (Fort McKay and AGRA 1998a) Table 13-3 is reproduced from Suncor (2000) and identifies the traditional resources used by the FMFN and other Aboriginal communities in the oil sands region. Table 13-3 Traditional Resources of the Fort McKay First Nation Type of Use Use Species Food Medicine Spiritual Hunting Trapping Fishing Other Ranking1 Vegetation Balsam fir − ● − − − − Construction High Birch – red − ● − − − − − Medium (bog birch) Birch – white ● ● ● − − − Construction/ High fire starter/dye Black currant ● ● − − − − − Medium Black poplar − ● − − − − Construction High Blueberry ● − − − − − − High Bracket fungus ● − − − − − − Low Bracted − ● − − − − − Low honeysuckle Buffaloberry ● ● − − − − − Low Bulrush ● − − − − − − Low Chamomile − ● − − − − − Low Chokecherry ● ● − − − − Hard wood Medium Cloudberry ● ● − − − − − Low Common cattail ● − − − − − − Low Common juniper ● ● − − − − − Medium Common pink − ● − − − − − Low wintergreen Common plantain − ● − − − − − Low Common tansey ● − − − − − − Low Common yarrow − ● − − − − − Low Cranberry (bog) ● − − − − − − High September 2011 Page 13-21 Volume 2: Baseline Studies Section 13: Traditional Land Use Frontier Project Table 13-3 Traditional Resources of the Fort McKay First Nation (cont’d) Type of Use Use Species Food Medicine Spiritual Hunting Trapping Fishing Other Ranking1 Vegetation (cont’d) Cranberry ● − − − − − − High (low-bush) (mooseberry) Dewberry ● ● − − − − − Low Dogwood ● − − − − − − Medium (bunchberry) Dwarf raspberry ● − − − − − − Medium Fly honeysuckle − ● − − − − − Low Frying pan plant − ● − − − − − Medium Fungi – dry dead − − − − − − Fire starter High wood /insect repellent Gooseberry ● ● − − − − − Medium Green alder − ● − − − − Utensil/dye Medium Green frog plant − ● − − − − − Medium (pitcher plant) Ground fungus – − ● − − − − − High puffball Harebell − ● − − − − − Low Hazelnut ● − − − − − Dye/arrows Medium Horsetail − ● − − − − Utensil Low Huckleberry ● − − − − − − Low Jack pine − ● − − − − − Low Kinnikinnick ● ● ● − − − Dye/tobacco High (bearberry) Labrador tea ● ● − − − − − Medium Lodgepole pine − ● − − − − − Low Moss − ● − − − − Chinking, High smudges, diapers, dressing Muskeg − ● − − − − − High (Labrador tea) Nettles ● ● − − − − − Medium Northern − − − − − − Dye Low bedstraw Pincherry ● ● − − − − − Medium Raspberry ● ● − − − − − Medium Rat root − ● − − − − − High (sweet flag) Red currant ● ● − − − − − Low Page 13-22 September 2011 Volume 2: Baseline Studies Frontier Project Section 13: Traditional Land Use Table 13-3 Traditional Resources of the Fort McKay First Nation (cont’d) Type of Use Use Species Food Medicine Spiritual Hunting Trapping Fishing Other Ranking1 Vegetation (cont’d) Red osier − ● ● − − − Dye/tobacco Medium dogwood Red touchwood ● − − − − − − Low fungus River alder − ● − − − − − Medium Rock tripe ● − − − − − − Low Rose hip ● ● − − − − − High Saskatoon ● ● − − − − Wood High Seneca root − ● − − − − − Medium Showy aster − ● ● − − − − Low Snowberry − ● − − − − − Low Stiff club moss − − ● − − − − Low Strawberry ● ● − − − − High Sweet grass − ● ● − − − − High Sweet scented − − ● − − − Utensil Medium bedstraw Tamarack − ● − − − − Construction/ High dye Trailing raspberry ● − − − − − − Medium Trembling aspen − ● − − − − Utensil Low Tuckahoe ● − − − − − − Low Twining − ● − − − − − Low honeysuckle Twisted stalk ● − − − − − − Low Western dock − − − − − − Dye Low White or black − ● − ● − − Construction High spruce White − ● − − − − − Low wintergreen Wild mint ● ● − − − − − High Wild sarsaparilla − ● − − − − − Low Willow − ● ● − − − Utensil Medium Willow fungus − ● − − − − − Medium Fish Chub ● − − − − ● − Medium Goldeye ● − − − − ● Localized use Medium Grayling ● − − − − ● Localized use Medium Lake trout ● − − − − ● − High Ling cod ● − − − − ● − Medium September 2011 Page 13-23 Volume 2: Baseline Studies Section 13: Traditional Land Use Frontier Project Table 13-3 Traditional Resources of the Fort McKay First Nation (cont’d) Type of Use Use Species Food Medicine Spiritual Hunting Trapping Fishing Other Ranking1 Fish (cont’d) Minnows ● − − − − − − Low Northern pike ● − − − − ● − High Perch ● − − − − ● Localized use Medium Pickerel ● − − − − ● − High Sucker ● − − − − ● − Medium Walleye ● − − − − − − Medium Whitefish ● − − − − ● Dog food High Mammals Beaver ● ● − − ● − Fur High Bison ● − − ● − − Localized use Low Black bear ● − ● ● ● − − High Caribou – ● − − ● − − Localized use Low woodland Coyote − − − − ● − Fur Medium Elk ● − − ● − − − Low Fisher − − − − ● − Fur High Grizzly bear ● − ● ● − − − Low Hare ● − − − ● − − High Least weasel − − − − ● − Fur High Long-tailed − − − − ● − Fur High weasel Lynx ● − − − ● − Fur High Marten − − − − ● − Fur Medium Mink − − − − ● − Fur High Moose ● − − ● − − Multiple High Mule deer ● − − ● − − − Low Muskrat − − − − ● − Fur High Red fox − − − − ● − Fur High Red squirrel − − − − ● − − High River otter − − − − ● − Fur High Short-tailed − − − − ● − Fur High weasel Skunk − ● ● − ● − − High Tree (flying) − − − − ● − − High squirrel White-tailed deer ● − − ● − − − High Wolf − − − − ● − Fur High Wolverine − − − − ● − Fur Rare- med. Page 13-24 September 2011 Volume 2: Baseline Studies Frontier Project Section 13: Traditional Land Use Table 13-3 Traditional Resources of the Fort McKay First Nation (cont’d) Type of Use Use Species Food Medicine Spiritual Hunting Trapping Fishing Other Ranking1 Birds Canada goose ● − − − − − Insulation/ High stuffing/wing duster Canvasback ● − − − − − − High Cormorant − − − − − − − Low Crow − − − − − − − Eagle − − − − − − Decoration High Goldeneye ● − − − − − − High Great blue heron − − − − − − − Low Greater scaup ● − − − − − − High Grebe ● − − − − − − High Hawk − − − − − − Decoration Low Lesser scaup ● − − − − − − High Loon ● − − − − − Waterproof bag High (pouch) Magpie − − − − − − − − Mallard ● − − − − − − High Merganser ● − − − − − − High Owl ● − − − − − Wing duster High Pelican − − − − − − Waterproof bag Low (pouch) Pintail ● − − − − − − Low Ptarmigan ● − − − − − Fan/decoration Low Raven − − − − − − − − Redhead ● − − − − − − High Ross’ goose ● − − − − − Insulation/ Medium stuffing/wing duster Ruddy duck ● − − − − − − High Ruffed grouse ● − − − − − Fan/decoration High Sandhill crane ● − − − − − − High Scoter ● − − − − − − Low Seagull − − − − − − − Medium Sharptail grouse ● − − − − − Fan/decoration High Snow goose/blue ● − − − − − Insulation/ Medium goose stuffing/wing duster Spruce grouse ● − − − − − Fan/decoration High Swan − − − − − − − Low Teal ● − − − − − − High September 2011 Page 13-25 Volume 2: Baseline Studies Section 13: Traditional Land Use Frontier Project Table 13-3 Traditional Resources of the Fort McKay First Nation (cont’d) Type of Use Use Species Food Medicine Spiritual Hunting Trapping Fishing Other Ranking1 Birds (cont’d) White-fronted ● − − − − − Insulation/ Medium goose stuffing/wing duster Whooping crane ● − − − − − − Low NOTES: 1 Refers to the number of times a species was referenced by name or indicated on traditional land use maps or tables – Indicates that no specific use was
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  • Wood Buffalo Labour Study - DRAFT Paged 2 2.5.3.Post-Secondary Enrolment by Program Band 36 2.5.4.Educational Attainment 37 3

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    Acknowledgments 5 Executive Summary 6 1.Introduction 13 1.1.Background 13 1.2.Process 13 2.Regional Profile 15 2.1.Geography 15 2.2.Regional Demographic Profile 17 2.2.1.Population 17 2.2.2.Population Growth 18 2.2.3.Regional Population 18 2.2.4.Population by Age Group 19 2.2.5.Family Composition 20 2.3.Labour Force 21 2.3.1.Working Age Population 21 2.3.2.Employment 22 2.3.3.Unemployment Rate 23 2.3.4.Employment by Community 24 2.3.5.Employment by industry 25 2.3.6.Employment by Major Occupation 26 2.3.7.Employment Trends: Indigenous Status 27 2.3.8.Employment Trends: Gender 29 2.3.9.Employment Trends: Age 30 2.4.Income & Affordability 32 2.4.1.Median Household Income 32 2.4.2.Household Income Distribution 33 2.4.3.Housing Affordability 33 2.4.4.Cost of Living Comparison 34 2.5.Education 35 2.5.1.High School Completion 35 2.5.2.High School Transition Rate 36 Fort McMurray Wood Buffalo Labour Study - DRAFT PageD 2 2.5.3.Post-secondary Enrolment by Program Band 36 2.5.4.Educational Attainment 37 3. Employer Survey 39 3.1. Voluntary Turnover 42 3.2. Vacant Positions 46 3.3. Recruitment Challenges 50 3.4. Retention Strategies 54 3.5. Underemployed Groups 56 3.6. Workplace Resources 57 4. Stakeholder Engagement 59 4.1. Key Person Interviews 59 4.2. Stakeholder Discussion Groups 59 4.3.Verification Engagement 62 5.