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Implementation of the Helsinki Accords Hearings
BASKET III: IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HELSINKI ACCORDS HEARINGS BEFORE THE COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE NINETY-SEVENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION THE CRISIS IN POLAND AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE HELSINKI PROCESS DECEMBER 28, 1981 Printed for the use of the - Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 9-952 0 'WASHINGTON: 1982 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE DANTE B. FASCELL, Florida, Chairman ROBERT DOLE, Kansas, Cochairman ORRIN G. HATCH, Utah SIDNEY R. YATES, Illinois JOHN HEINZ, Pennsylvania JONATHAN B. BINGHAM, New York ALFONSE M. D'AMATO, New York TIMOTHY E. WIRTH, Colorado CLAIBORNE PELL, Rhode Island MILLICENT FENWICK, New Jersey PATRICK J. LEAHY, Vermont DON RITTER, Pennsylvania EXECUTIVE BRANCH The Honorable STEPHEN E. PALMER, Jr., Department of State The Honorable RICHARD NORMAN PERLE, Department of Defense The Honorable WILLIAM H. MORRIS, Jr., Department of Commerce R. SPENCER OLIVER, Staff Director LYNNE DAVIDSON, Staff Assistant BARBARA BLACKBURN, Administrative Assistant DEBORAH BURNS, Coordinator (II) ] CONTENTS IMPLEMENTATION. OF THE HELSINKI ACCORDS The Crisis In Poland And Its Effects On The Helsinki Process, December 28, 1981 WITNESSES Page Rurarz, Ambassador Zdzislaw, former Polish Ambassador to Japan .................... 10 Kampelman, Ambassador Max M., Chairman, U.S. Delegation to the CSCE Review Meeting in Madrid ............................................................ 31 Baranczak, Stanislaw, founder of KOR, the Committee for the Defense of Workers.......................................................................................................................... 47 Scanlan, John D., Deputy Assistant Secretary for European Affairs, Depart- ment of State ............................................................ 53 Kahn, Tom, assistant to the president of the AFL-CIO .......................................... -
European Economic Congress 2015 Agenda
1 Agenda of the European Economic Congress 2015 Inaugural session 20 April 2015 10.00-18.00 The difficult Europe The effects of the crisis still impact the performance of economies and public finances of many European states. The spectre of stagnation is still there. Europe is burdened with unemployment and the lack of prospects for young people. The formally united European Community has to contend with a scarcity of actual cohesion. Internal contradictions hamper joint action, undermine the competitiveness of the economy and block free market mechanisms. Political instability around Europe hampers development planning and impedes initiative. The future of our Europe is a set of difficult questions. The European Economic Congress will attempt to answer them. 10.00-10.10 Opening of the Congress and reception of Guests: – Wojciech Kuśpik – Chairman of the Board, PTWP SA, Initiator of the European Economic Congress – Piotr Litwa – Voivode of Silesia – Wojciech Saługa – Marshal of the Silesian Voivodeship – Marcin Krupa – Mayor of Katowice – Jerzy Buzek – Member of the European Parliament, President of the European Parliament between 2009-2012, Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland between 1997-2001, Chairman of the Council of the EEC 10.10-10.30 Inaugural speeches: – Bronisław Komorowski – President of the Republic of Poland – Andrej Kiska – President of the Slovak Republic 10.30-12.00 300 billion for the new Europe. The large-scale investment programme of the European Union How to break stagnation in the economy? Demographic, political and economic risks The capital, regulations and leverage: the mechanics of the new financial vehicle More freedom and more responsibility: a comparison with previously used investment support mechanisms The role of the European Commission, financial market institutions and private investors The need for wise priorities. -
Energy Policy
POLISH POLITICAL SCIENCE YEARBOOK 2015, Vol. 44 PL ISSN 0208-7375 DOI: 10.15804/ppsy2015018 ENERGY POLICY Małgorzata Kamola-Cieślik* LNG TERMINAL IN ŚWINOUJŚCIE AS AN ELEMENT OF POLAND’S ENERGY SECURITY ABSTRACT Based on analysis of the research material shown Council of Ministers actions for the implementation of the project for the construction of the LNG terminal. The purpose of the article was to obtain answers to the following research questions: What are the reasons of delaying the opening of the LNG terminal in Świnoujście? In what extent the activities of the gas terminal in Świnoujście enhance the Polish energy security? After the analysis, it was found that there are several reasons for not giving to use LNG terminal in Świnoujście. One of them was and is the lack of involvement of the Polish government in this investment. Poland is still dependent on Russian natural gas. Activity of LNG terminal in Świnoujście would increase gas safety of Poland and limit its dependence on the Russian Federation. Keywords: energy security in the field of gas, LNG terminal, the energy policy of the Council of Ministers, the consumption and demanding of natural gas * University of Szczecin. LNG Terminal in Świnoujście 269 INTRODUCTION After 1990 one of the objectives of energy policy was reducing Polish dependence on supplying of Russian natural gas. The purchase of liquefied natural gas (including from Qatar, Algeria, Nigeria) transported by sea had caused an increase in Polish energy security. Adoption of such a solution was connected to the building of terminal for receiving liquefied natural gas on the Polish coast. -
Xxixeconomic Forum
�������� �� ��� ����������������� ������������ ��������������������� Programme XXIX Economic Forum Krynica–Zdrój, Poland SEPTEMBER –, Institutional Partners Institutional Partners The Conference Project “Europe of the Carpathians” is organised by the Sejm as part of supporting the parliamentarian dimension of cooperation in the region Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners The Polish Community Forum is organised by the Chancellery of the Senate of the Republic of Poland Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Public task co-financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland in the framework of the grant programme: “Cooperation in the field of public diplomacy 2019” Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Project co-financed by the Minister of Entrepreneurship and Technology Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners This material was co-financed by the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management. The Foundation Institute for Eastern Studies is responsible for the content of this material. Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Institutional Partners Project co-financed by the Centre for Polish-Russian Dialogue and Understanding in the framework of the VIII Open Competition -
The Haunting Past
The Haunting Past The Afterlife of the Communist Secret Services The Haunting Past The Afterlife of the Communist Secret Services International Conferences in the Hamvas Institute Hamvas Institute, 2010 Contents Ágnes Hankiss Introductory Thoughts 7 László Kövér Opening Speech 18 Amy Knight The Legacy of Secret Police in Post-Communist States 24 Jörn Mothes The Political Injustices Committed in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) 34 Wojciech Roszkowszki The Oleksy Case and the Role of Secret Services in Polish Politics 45 Vitalij Sentalinszkij Crime Without Punishment, Russia in the 20th Century 53 Sándor Őze State Security Control in Hungarian Historiography from 1956 to the Change of Regime 61 Alex Standish Russian Intelligence Strategy Towards Post-Communist Europe Under Vladimir Putin: Partners or Predators? 83 Marius Oprea The Fifth Power: Transition of the Romanian Securitate from Communism to NATO 102 Piotr Naimski Poland Fifteen Years After the Round Table: Where is the End of the Transition? 121 György Schöpflin The Right and Post-Communism 135 Notes 146 Biographies 153 Ágnes Hankiss Introductory Thoughts Culture, if the term is not restricted unnecessarily to matters of intellec- tual education or arts, is actually nothing else but the embodiment of the zeitgeist that permeates, and even creates, either furtively or stentoriously people’s actual character, behaviour, attitude, daily life and the complete social institutional system they are part of. Regime change of 1989 is change of culture. Have we succeeded in ful- filling it? Have we done it in depth or just superficially? It seems to be a fair question as changes in spirit and mind are significantly slower than transfor- mations of the economy or of institutional, legal systems. -
POLISH INDEPENDENT PUBLISHING, 1976-1989 a Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate Scho
MIGHTIER THAN THE SWORD: POLISH INDEPENDENT PUBLISHING, 1976-1989 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. By Siobhan K. Doucette, M.A. Washington, DC April 11, 2013 Copyright 2013 by Siobhan K. Doucette All Rights Reserved ii MIGHTIER THAN THE SWORD: POLISH INDEPENDENT PUBLISHING, 1976-1989 Siobhan K. Doucette, M.A. Thesis Advisor: Andrzej S. Kamiński, Ph.D. ABSTRACT This dissertation analyzes the rapid growth of Polish independent publishing between 1976 and 1989, examining the ways in which publications were produced as well as their content. Widespread, long-lasting independent publishing efforts were first produced by individuals connected to the democratic opposition; particularly those associated with KOR and ROPCiO. Independent publishing expanded dramatically during the Solidarity-era when most publications were linked to Solidarity, Rural Solidarity or NZS. By the mid-1980s, independent publishing obtained new levels of pluralism and diversity as publications were produced through a bevy of independent social milieus across every segment of society. Between 1976 and 1989, thousands of independent titles were produced in Poland. Rather than employing samizdat printing techniques, independent publishers relied on printing machines which allowed for independent publication print-runs in the thousands and even tens of thousands, placing Polish independent publishing on an incomparably greater scale than in any other country in the Communist bloc. By breaking through social atomization and linking up individuals and milieus across class, geographic and political divides, independent publications became the backbone of the opposition; distribution networks provided the organizational structure for the Polish underground. -
Securitization of Energy in Poland Under the Pis Government
FACULTY OF SOCIAL STUDIES Securitization of Energy in Poland under the PiS Government Bachelor's Thesis LORNA RADTKE Supervisor: Mgr. et Mgr. Veronika Zapletalová, Ph.D. Department of International Relations and European Studies International Relations and European Politics Brno 2020 Bibliographic Record Author: Lorna Radtke Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University Department of International Relations and Euro- pean Studies Title of Thesis: Securitization of Energy in Poland under the PiS Government Degree Programme: International Relations and European Politics Supervisor: Mgr. et Mgr. Veronika Zapletalová, Ph.D. Academic Year: 2020 Number of Pages: 55 Keywords: Poland; Energy Security; Law and Justice; Central Europe; Securitization Theory; Discourse Analy- sis; Law and Justice 1 Abstract The Law and Justice party, abbreviated as PiS, has been the lea- ding party of the Polish national government since late 2015. The PiS party views the current state of energy security as being under threat. This research paper will examine speech acts by PiS politicians and identify who/what are perceived as threats towards Poland’s energy security. This paper will firstly identify the securitizing actors. Then, this research will employ discourse analysis through the lens of the securitization theory to identify what are the perceived threats towards energy secu- rity and establish common narratives of PiS actors. 2 Statutory Declaration I hereby declare that I have written the submitted Bachelor's Thesis con- cerning the topic of Securitization of Energy in Poland under the PiS Government independently. All the sources used for the purpose of fi- nishing this thesis have been adequately referenced and are listed in the Bibliography. -
Jacek Czaputowicz
Interview Dr. Daniel Stahl, Dr. Robert Brier Quellen zur Geschichte der Menschenrechte Jacek Czaputowicz A key characteristic of the Polish human and civil rights movement of the 1980s was to bring together people of very different political convictions. The movement comprised national-conservatives as well as leftists. Perhaps the most prominent group Freedom and Peace exemplifies this particularly well. One of its co-founders was Jacek Czaputowicz (*1956). Already in his youth, Czaputowicz had advocated workers' rights as member of the Committee of Workers Defence. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, he played a key role in organizing student protest against conscription. He was arrested several times by the secret police. Interview The conversation took place in the rooms of the German Historical Institute Warsaw, on 29 September 2014. Questions were put forward by Dr. Daniel Stahl, coordinator of the Study Group Human Rights in 20th Century, and Dr. Robert Brier, senior researcher at the German Historical Institute in Warsaw, who knew Prof. Dr. Jacek Czaputowicz from previous encounters and had organized the meeting. Out of pragmatic reasons, the interview was conducted in English. Stahl How do you remember your family? What did your parents tell you when you were a kid about their experiences during the Second World War? What kind of position did your parents have in the Polish society? Czaputowicz I was born in 1956. I think it was an interesting time to be born because I was part of the post-war baby boom generation. Furthermore, on 28 June 1956, there was a demonstration in Posnań, which was brutally suppressed by the communists. -
The First Day of the Congress 18.05.2016
1 Agenda of the European Economic Congress 2016 18–20 May 2016 18 May 2016 | The first day of the Congress 18.05.2016 | 10.00-10.15 Inauguration and reception of guests o Marcin Krupa – Mayor of Katowice o Wojciech Saługa – Marshal of the Silesian Voivodeship o Jarosław Wieczorek – Voivode of Silesia o Jerzy Buzek – Member of the European Parliament, President of the European Parliament in the years 2009–2012, Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland in the years 1997–2001, Chairman of the Programme Board of the EEC o Wojciech Kuśpik – Chairman of the Board, PTWP SA, Initiator of the European Economic Congress 18.05.2016 | 10.15-10.30 Speech of the Special Guest 18.05.2016 | 10.30-11.45 Inaugural Session Geopolitics, security and the economy. Is it a global crisis? Common security of Europe in terms of politics, armed forces, raw materials and the energy industry. Political declarations versus reality Migrations and the humanitarian crisis – their impact on the unity of Europe, the European dialogue, as well as political, social and economic contacts. Crisis in the Schengen Area versus prospects of trade The impact of terrorist threats in Europe on the slowing down of development of particular sectors of the economy and on losses in them (including the process of locating investments, raw materials, transport, logistics, and the leisure industry) Changes in the global market for energy-producing raw materials (prices, availability, logistics) – their impact on the security of Europe as a whole as well as its particular countries. Energy Union – important project of the European Union The situation in the east of Europe. -
THE RIGHT to KNOW, the RIGHT to ACT Documents of Helsinki Dissent from the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe Compiled and Edited B
THE RIGHT TO KNOW, THE RIGHT TO ACT Documents of Helsinki Dissent from the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe Compiled and Edited by the Staff of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe Washington, D.C. May, 1978 DANTE B. FASCELL EXECUIVE BRON CMMISSIONRI CHAIRMAN PATRICIA M. DERIAN DAVID E. McGIFFERr CLAIBORNE PELL FRANK A. WEIL CO-C14AIIIIIMAN COMMISSION ON COMMISSIONERS SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE R.SPENCER OLIVER DICK CLARK AFE REDY R PATRICK J. LEAHY CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES ALFREDFRIEDLY.JR. RICHARD STONE WASHINGTON, D.C. 205151STA DIRETtO CUFDORD P. CAES ROBERTI DOLE Houms OPWMEkoBSAWiN. Ajolfg 2 JONATHAN B. BINGHAM PAULSIMON (202) 225-1901 SIDNEY R. YATES JOHN BUCHANAN MILAJCENT VNWICK FOREWORD The documents presented in this volume are links in a chain reaction of free expression. Taking place inside the Sov4et Union and its Eastern Euro- pean allies, this process of civil protest varies from one locale to another both in scope and content. Its common base, however, can be found in the 1975 Helsinki accord, the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Coop- eration in Europe. There, in the introductory Declaration on Principles Guiding Relations between Participating States, the 35 signatory nations bound themselves to accord the same respect to the human rights and fundamental freedoms of their own citizens as to one another's frontiers, sovereignty, and immunity from force or the threat of its use. The pledge to respect "freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief," to "promote and encourage the effective exercise of civil, political ... cultural and other rights", to accord ethnic minorities "equality before the law" and "full opportunity", and to "act in conformity" with international commitments on human rights constitutes Principle VII of the Final Act. -
Front Matter
The Congress of Prague The Congress of Prague Revitalizing the Atlantic Alliance Gerald Frost and William E. Odom, editors The AEI Press Publisher for the American Enterprise Institute WASHINGTON, D.C. 1997 Available in the United States from the AEI Press, c/o Publisher Re- sources Inc., 1224 Heil Quaker Blvd., P.O. Box 7001, La Vergne, TN 37086- 7001. Distributed outside the United States by arrangement with Eurospan, 3 Henrietta Street, London WC2E 8LU England. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Congress of Prague: revitalizing the Atlantic Alliance / Gerald Frost and William E. Odom, editors. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-8447-4020-9. — ISBN 0-8447-4021-7 (pbk.) 1. North Atlantic Treaty Organization—Congresses. 2. World politics — 1989- —Congresses. 3. Europe—Defenses—Congresses. I. Frost, Gerald. II Odom, William E. D860.C665 1997 909.82—dc2 97-10771 CIP 13579108642 © 1997 by the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, Wash- ington, D.C. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without permission in writing from the American Enterprise Institute except in cases of brief quotations embodied in news articles, critical articles, or reviews. The views expressed in the publica- tions of the American Enterprise Institute are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the staff, advisory panels, officers, or trustees of AEI. THE AEI PRESS Publisher for the American Enterprise Institute 1150 17th Street, N.W., Washington, -
Security Factor in Discussion on the Role of Indigenous Coal Endowment in Poland’S Energy Policy
Securitologia No 1/2016 Maciej Hacaga The Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Security factor in discussion on the role of Indigenous Coal Endowment in Poland’s energy policy Abstract Security is one of the most important factors in Polish debate on both, energy and foreign policies. Under its influence the proposed future shape of Polish electricity sys- tem is to be continuation of the present coal-based quasiautarchic one. The paper in- vestigates historical factors that make Polish elites so much attached to the idea of energy policy based on striving full energy independence and concludes presenting threats arising from such policy. Keywords: coal, energy policy, energy security, energy independence, geopolitics DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0009.5270 ISSN: 1898-4509 ISSN: 2449-7436 online pdf E-mail contact to the Author: [email protected] 147 Maciej Hacaga “Both Polish energy sector and the whole economy are based on coal. Coal is our mixed blessing”. Piotr Naimski – Secretary of State at the Chancellery of the Prime Minister and Government Plenipotentiary for Strategic Energy Infrastructure Introduction Since Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS – Law and Justice) won general elections in 2015 “independence” and “sovereignty” terms have been repeatedly heard in public space. Surprisingly, these terms have also been used in the context of energy secu- rity, that, at the first sight, is considered as more technological or economic than ideological in nature. However, as has already been argued, energy policy discourse in Poland is often framed in terms of national security and an existential threat (Roth 2011). This paper attempts to track why it is so by situating Polish energy debate in broader historical context.