KLASSEKAMPEN on TRIAL in Early September This Year, Finn Sjue, the For- «Teamwork»

Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012 KLASSEKAMPEN ON TRIAL In early September this year, Finn Sjue, the for- «Teamwork». The telegrams proved that NATO WORKERS AND OPPRESSED OF ALL COUNTRIES. UNITE. mer editor of «Klassekampen» and presently an exercises atomic warfare on Norwegian soil. official spokesman for the Central Committee of They were reprinted in «Klassekampen» January AKP(m-1), was on trial in Oslo, charged with 11th, 1977. CLASS STRUGGLE printing secret telegrams from NATO Operation

X4 PROSECUTOR REQUESTS 6 MONTHS IN PRISON The prosecutor wanted to turn J the case into a matter of espionage, and he succeeded in ma- king parts of the trial to be held AKP(m-1) adopts in secret. Despite the fact that the Teamwork telegrams had been read by tens of thousands «Klassekampen» reader's alrea- new Military dy, Sjue was not allowed to quote from the newspaper during this testimony — for security rea- Programme sons! * But the prosecutor didn't ma- nage to brand Sjue as a traitor In september this year, AKP(m-1)'s new military program and prosecute him under the was published. The party line om military questions was adop- Espionage Act. With massive ted at a national party conference in late spring 1979 after in- support from Norwegian press ternal party discussions for one year. cplleagues, Sjue stressed the The new military program entails some changes in AKP 125-ess' rights to consider prin- (m-1)s military policy on certain points. ting secret documents without Contrary to the principle program adopted at the second na- obtaining permission on before- tional party convention in 1976, the new military program goes hand. AGAINST the slogan (Not one ore to the bourgeois military — Official authorities may apparatus» and propagates funds for enterprises that enable call documents «classified» in Norway to resist aggression. The military program also pro- order to cover up for themsel- pagates conscription for women, which is a change form the ves, says Sjue. — The fact that a earlier party line. document is «classified» does not necessarily mean that it contains important secrets. It may A people's war is as well contain information its warlier principle of no grants which is unpleasant for the ru- the main strategy to the bourgeois military appa- lers, but important to the people. AKP( m-1 )s new military pro- ratus by no means signifies that * The verdict was a defeat for the party will support all grants Finn Sjue, official spokesman for the CC of AKP (m-1) and former editor of Klassekampen in court. gram confirms that in the event both the prosecutor and the High of a Soviet occupation, a peo- from now on. In a comment to Klassekampen, the party chair- Command of the Norwegian Ar- «Klassekampen» immediately ter of principle and in order to animous, refers to AKPs and ple's war is the main strategy «Klassekampen»'s evident anti- for the Norwegian people. The man, Pal Steigan, says that med Forces. Sjue was sentenced decided to appeal the verdict to defend the right to free speech. program says: «A people's war AMP( m-1 ) will work towards an to pay a fine of 2.500 kr. and 1.000 a higher court of law, not becau- At the same time, he stressed Soviet Union attitudes. against a Soviet army of invasi- alteration of the present plans kr. in court costs. Sjue and se of the amounts, but as a mat- that the verdict, which was un- on and occupation will be a great for national defence. He is of the war of resistance for all patrio- opinion that the Norwegian mili- tic forces resisting social impe- tary doctrine of strategic air struetive debate on vital sjon, when the enemy already is. rialist slavery.» field defence must be changed military-political questions. It in the middle of Norway. I see In order to lead such a war, into one stressing mobile warfa- Chaiiman Pal Steigan: certainly isn't our party's fault the plans to respond to this by the people's own armed forces re. that this only happened to a using atomic weapons as a. des- must be built up. It is an illusion — The logic consequence of to believe that the bourgeois -ar- the government's defence policy small degree. Nevertheless, we perate draw from NATO. a draw .med tome. can be %transfor- is the establishment of NATO are happy that this debate has in opposition to the interests of med» into such forces. bases on Norwegian soil in Telex hunt instead come — apparently, it took the the Norwegian people. Neither The working class must take peace-time. This military doctri- officers two years to stomach of the two super powers cares the leadership for the people's ne puts the country's fate into Steigan says. armed forces in the event of a the hands of military leaders in the chock, about the fact that civilians will war of liberation. the Pentagon and at the NATO of a debate on — AKP(m-1) is of the opinion fall victims of a nuclear war. Headquarters in Brussels, Pal that NATO bases its plans for de- Now, we need an open, democra- Criticism of the Steigan concludes. He hopes for fence on several dangerous illu- tic discussion on these issues, sa- a debate on the military pro- sions. People are never allowed ys Steigan. General Staff gram and constructive critism national defence to talk about these matters, and lie points to the fact that the The fact that AKP( m-1) changes in the times ahead., information is scarce. We are of balance of power in Enron has — It was quite correct and nec- ders and the press focused their the opinion that is is of vital i ► - changed so much that the Soviet cessary for our party newspaper attention on the «telex phantom» portance to focus upon these se- leaders evidently prepare for a to print the telegrams from Ope- hunt, says Pal Steigan, chair- rious questions, and the Team- direct attack on Southern Nor- ration Teamwork. But instead of man of the Workers' Communist work telegrams lifted just one way and Oslo in the event of a joining the debate on Norwegian Party (marxist-leninists). co u rne r of the carpet. war. This is a new situation, and defense policy, which ought to — I believed that the nuclear The telegrams reveal how N A- NAT'() certainly does not know AKP(m-I) on have followed the military lea- disclosures would lead to a con- TO will react in a wartime situa- how to handle it, he said. NATO DEFENCE For reasons of principle, AKP (m-1) is against NA- Klassekampen TO. The alliance was established on a basis of unequality. Within NATO, all the other states are under dominance of the imperialist super-power IN OSLO: USA. saved as a Minimal Protection If it ever becomes possible to The Norwegian armed forces in Emergency choose in the present situation or are a part of the-NATO system of under capitalism, the Norwegi- command. Thi g entails that the Situations an communists would prefer a Norwegian Air Force is under national defense — independent foreign command today. In a daily paper Debate on civil defence becomes of super-powers — to a NATO war-time situation, the Army defense. would be in the same position. more and more important. RV At the same time, our policy This is a hinderance against For more than one year, Klasse- port on the same basis as other and AKP( m-1 1 have many times must be based on the fact that strenghtening Norwegian sove- kampen, A K P ( m-l) 's daily Norwegian daily papers. This demonstrated how preparations the Soviet Union is the biggest reignity and the Norwegian ar- newspaper, has been ridden by a was granted, and from Septem- for a war situation are insuffi- and most dangerous aggressor med forces' ability to resist So- number of economic problems, ber, Klassekampen has printed cient, and demanded the buil- today. The Soviet Union is the viet aggression. On this back- and the question whether the pa- ding of more fallout shelters and greatest military threat to Nor- ground, AKP( demands state adverts. m-l) per would survive as a daily better information to the civilian way and Norwegian sovereigni- Norwegian withdrawal from the population all over the country. ty today, not USA and NATO. NATO system of command. newspaper has been an open FUND RAISING If Norway leaves NATO and at one. An article in Klassekampen, the same time expresses a firm Production costs for a daily DRIVE October 5th, demonstrates that political willingness to resist so- newspaper are high in Norway. At the same time, a new fund the possibilities for effective cial imperialist expansion and The party summed up earlier raising drive has brought more protection against bombings are prepare the Norwegian armed that too few concrete, thorough than one million kr to Klasse- bad for the civilians. forces for a Soviet attack, this discussions had been held before kampen and RV. The daily cir- would be a improvement. Such a culation has gone up 30% in 100.000 WITH withdrawal would gain our sup- Klassekampen was published by port. daily. Among other things, the the first half of 1979. This is a re- NO SHELTER But if Norway decides to leave newspaper refused to accept sta- sult of good, intensive campaign In the event of an emergency si- NATO on conditions set by the te support in the form of adverts work from members and sym- tuation, 100.000 people will be Soviet Union and slackens the and production cost refunds pathisers of AKP(m-l). The edi- without shelter. The situation is Norwegian armed forces' prepa- from the beginning. torial guide-lines reach out bet- especially bad in the older redness for a military attack, ter than before. By increasing working-class parts of town. On- this would be a worsening. It KLASSEKAMPEN sales, subscriptions, the fund ly few of the shelters give pro- might lead Norway into position raising drive and state support, similar to Finland's and increa- ACCEPTS tection against atomic, bactere- Klassekampen is rescued as a ological or chemical warfare. se the danger of Soviet occupati- STATE SUPPORT daily newspaper. on. If this was the alternative, There is no definite plans for Norwegian communists would This old resolution was abondo- This news was well received provision of food for the Oslo po- say that staying within NATO ned at a national party conventi- not only by the readers, but in pulation under war-time conditi- What kind of protection will this would be the lesser evil. on in the spring this year. Klas- press circles in Norway as well. ons. Nor is there any available fall-out shelter offer the popula- sekampen applied for state sup- information on what people are to do in the event of a surprise tion in Oslo in case of nuclear at- attack. tack? Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

2 CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979. MUNICIPAL AND

orrol• COUNTY ELECTIONS N NORWAY Celebrating the success of Rod Valgallianse in Odda, where the alliance gained three seats, and more than 7 prosent of the votes.

On September 15th and 16th, municipal Before the elections, there was a 6 — 8 Alliance), like the Party has done in and county elections were held in Nor- week long political campaign, which was municipal and parliamentary elections way. Norway is divided into 439 muni- followed with great interest by the press since 1973. cipalities and 19 counties. The capital, and other mass media. RV had candidates in 32 municipalities Oslo, is a so-called county municipality, AKP (m-1) and independent socialists and in 14 out of the 18 counties where co- so elections were not divided into two participated in the elections under the unty elections were held. here as in the rest of the country. name «Rod Valgallianse» (Red Election

Important progress for Continued setbacks for the revolutionaries to revisionists The RV results showed that political life in Nor- To the Euro-revisionist party in The extreme Moscow-oriented way is not ENTIRELY marked by the rightist wa- Norway, SV (The Socialist Left party «NKP», had the worst mu- ve. The election alliance multiplied its number of Party ), the municipal elections nicipal election results since the were an affirmation of the par- party was founded in 1923. It is representatives by five compared to the last mu- ty's set-backs. Compared to the wiped out entirely in counties nicipal elections, and compared to the number of Leaders of Rod Valgallianse in Oslo following the results in the bro- 1975 elections, the party lost 144 where the Breshnjevists are tra- votes cast in the parliamentary election in 1977, adcasting election centre. seats in the municipal and 16 se- ditionally strong. Still, the party ats in the county councils. The chairman, Martin G. Knutsen, the increase was almost 30 prosent. set-back from the parlamentary said that the results were «en- Pal Steigan, the chairman of AKP(m-I), cha- Rightist wave and deep crisis election in 1977 is as much as 5 couraging». The same party- prosent, despite the fact that SV chairman managed to create a racterises the success as a «working victory». In was in the dumps that year com- stir when he left the studio du- an interview with KLASSEKAMPEN, he focuses for the socialdemocracy pared to earlier years. The mar- ring an election program on ra- the attention on the results in municipalities whe- ked set-back this year has spee- dar The election results were unambigous proofs that ded up inner party fractionism tdoioa sbkeqc au ue s eti o tnhse o rn ether

CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979. 3 Norwegian revisionists with unabashed support to vietnamese occupation

The Euro revisionists, SV, and the people from Viet-Nam and blame Moscowites, «NKP», are the only China and the U.S.A. In an editorial, ones today who defend the export of Klassekampen answeres:

The SV Editor and By the expression «Sonja's untry which, admittedly, has children', «Ny Tid» hints at problems, but only problems in- Viet-Nam Crown Princess Sonja's visit to flicted by other countries. The «Are the Jews fleeing Germany Kampuchean refugee camps in internal conditions are idyllic, if because they otherwise would Thailand recently. When she ca- we are to believe «F•iheten». have been terrorized, killed or me back to Norway, she expres- Klassekampen's view on Viet- put into camps? Or are they flee- sed revulsion of what she had se- Nam ought to be clear. Viet- ing because their economic pri- en there. Nam is a fascist .dictatorship. vileges and life-style have been Viet-Nam is Soviet's Cuba in taken from them, not necessari- In a comment on this, Klasse- Asia. A country which occupies ly as exploiting capitalists, but kampen writes: its neighbour countries and for- as members of the group of peo- «It is not 'Sonja's children' ces its own inhabitants to move ple who used to run private trade whose lives are in danger. It is into these countries in order to on a small or big scale, and who Kampuchea's children who die - create more Viet-Nams. had their activities curtailed last in the refugee camps, who are «NKP» puts itself into the posi- year, because the government massacred by Vietnamese occu- tion of defending this Viet-Nam. wanted a better distribution of pation soldiers, who starve to At the same time, this branch of benefits in the extremely crisis- death in their own villages be- the Soviet Union in Norway ke- ridden Germany?» cause the country is being raped eps silent about the Soviet na- «The whole world presents it by a power refusing to plant ri- palm bombings of the liberation as if the reasons for the escape ce.» movements in Eritrea, and the were terror — not economy. The Klassekampen also asks «Ny population there, as well as the result is that Germany will be Tid» if they are able to document Soviet napalm bombings against more isolated, and what little that hunger existed in Kampuc- the guerrilla in Afghanistan. On- help has been given, will be ta- hea during Pol Pot's govern- ly to mention two things. The list ken away entirely. What does ment. could be made much longer. this mean? Probably more refu- There is a black thread in this. gees. The usual, Western way of Soviet policy «NKP» defends everything the explanation — which Dagbladet ... «How many dead is the Nor- Soviet Union does all over the devours raw — therefore ultima- wegian USA policy responsible world — without reservations. tely becomes a heartless form of for here?» asks «Ny Tid». «NKP» defends everything the cynicism.» Soviet's satellite states do all In its comment, Klassekam- This is not a direct quotation over the world — without reser- pen proves that this way of put- from Steinar Hansson's letter to vations. «NKP» has put itself in- ting the question is impossible, Dagbladet, which was reprinted to the position of a spokesman and it ascertains that the Soviet yesterday. But we have not ma- for mass murder, terrorism, tor- and Vietnam spokesmen are ac- de any major alterations in this ture, oppression and occupation. epistle from the editor of Ny Tid. tive defenders of occupation and genocide, preferably in 'socia- The Soviet Union's progress We have changed Viet-Nam to around the world seems to conti- Germany and the ethnic Chinese list' drapery. «Ny Tid» ascertains that SV once again belongs nue. And «NKP» obediently trots into Jews. ( Ny Tid is the SV in the footsteps of its big brother'. newspaper ) to the ultra-reactionary wing in the most important political This development forces «NKP» Hansson's arguments could be into becoming an even blacker used to defend all kinds of acts of question in the world right now, Klassekampen concludes. party than it is today. By way of tyrrany. His arguments are necessity, the party will become time-less: Do not try to isolate a spokesman for fascism. Fas- the ones who are persecuting ot- cism of the type which the Soviet hers. Because then, the persecu- Union has developed at home tion will only become more seve- and in all the countries where re. What did one call such people this super-power gains a foot- in the 'thirties'? Henchmen of hold. fascism and racism. What are To form alliances and co- we to call them today? (Klasse- operate with this party should be kampen, 25th July, 1979) banned. The party should be isolated and driven into the blac- No limits? kest darkness. That is where Right from the Vietnamese inva- «NKP): belongs today. sion into Democratic Kampuc- hea, the Norwegian revisionists have been the occupants' sole source of political support in Nor- way. Both the ultra-Breshjnevist Aid to Vietnam «NKP» and the Euro-revsionist SV have openly supported the The SV Editor, Steinar Hansson: go up occupants, and, among other His arguments could be to de- things, attacked the Norwegian fend any kind of tyrrany. Aid to Vietnam will go up from government because it won't 35 million to 51) million kr in 1980. abandon its policy of recognizing 45 million kr will go to patriation the Pol Pot government as Kam- of Vietnamese refugees in Nor- puchea's sole legitimate repre- way. Some of the 19,9 million kr sentatives in the U.N. that go to the U.N. High Com- This comment on the «Refu- missioner for Refugees will pro- gee 79» collection in «Ny Tid» bably go to the same task. ( New Times ), the SV weekly pa- U.N. organizations will recei- per, was especially grotesque: ve 18.5 million kr for work among Palestine refugees. Refu- Hunger catastrophe as gees from the Southern parts of Africa will receive 13,2 million occup ant propaganda kr. «They won't have any objections The Ministery of Foreign Af- against the fact that Norway fairs expects to continue sending supported the previous Pol Pot Norwegian soldiers to the U.N. regime as Kampuchea's rightful forces in Lebanon. In addition, government in the U.N. just a 8,5 million kr. is ear-marked for short time ago. This regime has «NKP» chairman Martin Gun- U.N. peace-keeping operations. for the killed between two and three nar Knutsen: Figurehead Last year, support to liberati- million people in Ph years. The blackest reaction in Norway to- on movements in the Southern compact Western resistance day. parts of Africa went up from 22 against recognizing the new go- to 30 million kr. Despite increa- vernment in the country is to- sed war operations against the day's biggest obstacle against Spokesmen for liberation movements in Nami- effective relief to all of Sonja's bia and Zimbabwe, support will children. How many dead is the fascism and be kept at 30 million kr in 1980, Norwegian USA policy responsi- too. ble for here?» oppression The largest post in the Mini- Kampuchean refugees in Thai- «Friheten» , (Liberty ), the stery of Foreign Affairs 1980 land, as the Klassekampen team «NKP» newspaper, has launc- budget is aid to developing co- met them in October 1979. In hed a formidable campaign to untries and humanitarian aid: their unabashed support to Viet- defend Viet-Nam. The country 2.5 billion kr. Of these, 750 milli- nam, Norwegian revisionists ex- that has driven hundreds of on will go to 19 countries in di- ploit their tragedy, using the thousands into death at sea, is rect aid — Vietnam lies well abo- hunger cathastrophe as occu- depicted as the last outpost of ve the average level. pant propaganda. humanism in this world. A co- Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012 4 CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979. THE NATIONAL 1111 •

ment estimates an increa- This will se of 4,5% in the creation be more of values. That means 8,6 billion kr more to distri- expensive bute next year — in stable PETROL Taxes will be higher. 93 octane prices. petrol or lower will go up by 12 ore/litre, high octane petrol lay In addition to increased 24 ore. creation of values, export USED AND NEW CARS Motor vehicles taxes go up from industries rise their pri- 300 to 400 kr. Second-hand cars will go up, too, because of a 15% ces. From '79 to '80, the increase in re-registration fees. estimated rise in prices is KILOMETRE TAX Diesel car kilometre taxes will 12,3%. This happens while go up by 10%. This means higher export grows. transportation costs. FUEL OIL When increased creat- Doubled taxes on mineral oil. ion of • values and higher Fuel oil more expensive. POSTAGE export prices are taken for ordinary letters to Scandina- vian and Norwegian destinati- into account, we find ons up by 5 ore. Higher postage for printed matter, parcels and «Norway's real income at special class printed matter. hand». This income in- FERRIES — PLANES — TRAINS creased by 4,1% from '78 The train fare will go up by 8%. The same goes for ferry and air to '79. It will increase by tickets. 5,8% from '79 to '80. In ELECTRICITY TUC chairman Tor will go up by at least 20%. VAT Halvorsen: «Go away, introduced on electricity for 1979 prices, this equals household use . go away — there is 10,6 billion kr (see figu- nothing to get here!» ONE BILLION TO re.) At the same time, the THE STATE In all, higher taxes, fees and pri- average union member's ces will give the State more than one billion kr. in additional in- wages will have gone come. DOWN by about the same rate. Owners' income in oil exploitation and pipe-line transport will have an Tax pressure INCREASES estimated 9,5 billion increase — in current pri- Child support payment up to 420 million kr. ces — from 1979 to 1980. No change in tax progression rates. This is an increase by Tax pressure increases for the large majority.

73,1%. State income «at The minimum reduction will go 1980 than in 1979. CHILD SUPPORT up by 500 kr. in tax class 1 and Under these conditions, a sing- PAYMENT UP hand» will increase by 8 1000 kr. in class 2. This means le person ( class 1) earning 70 000 by 33 kr. per month per child, i.e. 137 and 274 kr. less tax respecti- kr. in 1979 will have a 690 kr. re- 396 kr. per annum. This is why billion or 33,9%. ( National vely. These changes will mean duction in net wages. the family above gets a 8 kr. more tax, not less. A married couple with one «increase». , Budget, yellow paper, Since progression rates won't bread-winner, no children and a Without increased child sup- be changed, the reductions will wage of 70 000 will have a 506 kr. port payment, this family would table 6). «be eaten up» by the expected reduction. have had a 784 kr. reduction. 7% price increases. If you mana- If this family had two chil- The state expects a wage/as- Apart from these figu- ge to obtain a 7% wage increase, dren, net wages would go up by 8 sets tax increase of 11,8%. This the unchanged progression rates — eight! kr. in 1980. means a net increase of 5,3% — res,t nothing is said on who ensure you a worse net result in or 530 mill. kr . is supposed to have this money at their disposal. But export industries will not for stock e have a significant increa- million kr. deduction emergency fund raising to be easier to have more divi- 300 dends paid directly. This is in di- se in owner's incomes. when investment taxes compared to dividends. rect opposition to trade union de- for production equipment These are some of the elements mands for a ban on the paying Even home market indu- was abolished September in the government's projects to out of dividends. 1st. make life easier for stock ex- There is no survey on how stries will have a certain change speculators. Today, tax much coupon cutters are able to Taxfree stock dividends is 50% on share sales profits if get out of these changes. But the increase — while the uni- up from 500 to 1000 kr. one has owned the shares for point is obvious enough: Being a Limit for taxation of less than five years. Now, the li- share-holder is going to be more on members are still sup shares reduced from five mit is reduced to two years. Whi- tempting and profitable, where- le share-holders were forced to as the situation for the ordinary posed to cut down their to two years, put some part of the dividends breadwinner is going to be wor- Former Minister of Finance expences! Reductions in forced into emergency funds, it is going se. Per Kleppe. Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012 CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979. 5 Norway gets richer ET 1980 you get poorer Norwegian employers' ass()cation (NAF) statis- LESS MONEY tics 1978/79 FOR OIL Wages increased by 4,5 % for and 0,7 % for women. Changes The sliding wages increase of men and 4,4 % for women. Of the in taxes, duty and subsidies are 4 % during this period was ap- Prices increased total wage increases, sliding wa- not taken into consideration he- proximately the same as during ges catered for 4 %both for men re. the previous period, i.e. from 3% more than and women, whereas the avera- The estimates include some first quarter 1978 to first quarter ge tarriff wage increase is esti- 205,000 employees in building, 1979. wages mated at 0,4 % and 0,1 % respec- industry, mining, transport and — As a result of the govern- tively. various other branches. The sta- mental introduction of a wage Consumers' price index rose tistics register increasing hourly freeze in September 1978, one ex- PROTECTION by 7,2 points during the same wages. The hourly wage, inclu- pected sliding wages to be consi- From second quarter 1978 to se- time-span. This means a price ding special additions, was kr. derably reduced from the end of cond quarter 1,979, prices increa- increase by 5,1 %, which means 38.96 for men and kr. 30.08 for 1978 and through 1979, says sed more than wages, according that the real wages went down women by the end of the second NAF. to NAF wage statistics. by approximately 0,6 % for men quarter. Electricity bills up by 20-30% 11=111MINE111•n

From July 1st, 1980, Norwegians ses use electricity for heating as must expect to pay 20-30% mo- well as cooking. Now, people li- re for their electricity. In a cold ving in such places will have country with traditionally cheap slimmer wallets and probably electricity, a lot of flats and hou- thicker sweaters. 4.000 ship-building workers will get the sack «With the proposed 1980 subsi- price subsidies to Norwegian dies, one has to expect that the ship owners building in Norway, number of employees in ship- subsidies on interest on loans building industries will go down from developing country ship to 10 000 by the end of 1980.» owners building in Norway, sub- This one sentence from the na- sidies to so-called «exposed in- tional budget says almost all dustries». there is to say of the govern- Selective support to the ship- ment's plans for ship-building yards go down by 1,3 billion kr activities in Norway: In one from 1979 to 1980. Instead, mo- year, 4000 shipyard workers will ney goes to efforts in moving pe- get the sack. ople to more profitable indu- The receipe is «Finn Lied Spe- stries and support the strongest cial» — do away with or reduce industries. Stop Norsk Hydro's

Thailand prof Oct! Norsk Hydro A/S is Norway's biggest industrial corporation. veloping countries. During It produces nitrogens, aluminium, magnesium, electric po- World War II, the local ruling Innocent? wer, oil and petro-chemical products. The Norwegian govern- class joined forces with the Ja- It is against this background one ment controls 51,3 % of the stocks, and for many years, top pe- panese fascists, after the war, must see the Norsk Hydro pro- with the American imperialists. ject. It may seem innocent to Having learnt nothing from the blow-out in Mexico, Norwegian aut- ople from LO and DNA have been members of Norsk Hydro's Now, the door is wide open to ca- produce fertilizers for sale in a horities allocate less money for oil protection. board of directors. pitalist projects, which does not peasant country. But facts are In October, NorSk Hydro's Thailand project was made pub- deserve to be branded anything different. The most important lic. Klasselcampen wrote this comment on the news: else than neo-colonialism. In motive for Norsk Hydro is profit- In 1980, the government plans to spend 31,3 milli- Thailand, one has found yet an- hunting. Gigantic investments on kr. on preparations for emergency situations The daily wages for industrial capitalist sector of the country's other backyard in the East, whe- from Norsk Hydro will indirect- workers in Thailand is 12 kr. Not economy. This sector is mainly re it may be profitable to squee- ly serve to keep the Thai rulers and drilling accidents in the oil industries. In 1979, the hourly wages, but the daily situated in and around Bangkok. ze out profits from cheap labour, in power. There are no analyses the sum was 33,7 million. Preventive equipment wages. Under General Kriang- 87 % out of the 40 million popula- bribe some corrupt generals — to show us how increased pro- sak's regime, Thailand is in a tion still live under feudal condi- and call it "aid,, "assistance', duction of fertilizers will mani- grants go down from 6,3 to 5,6 million kr, funds for state of emergency and martial tions in the rural parts. Since or something else which sounds fest itself in Thai agriculture. research on possible ways to prevent oil industry law. Strikes are banned. Trade Thailand never was a Western nicer than " hard-hearted busi- Experience from other Third accidents and limit damages if accidents do hap- unions who fight are banned. colony, the poverty in rural are- ness,. World countries with similar po- Foreign companies are gran- as is not quite as bad as for in- wer structures shows that sprea- pen, go down from 11,4 to 9,6 million kr. These fi- ted wide privileges upon esta- stance in India. Thailand ex- Guerrilla ding expensive fertilizers over gures are sensational, especially in the light of the blishing in Thailand. During the ports rice. Thai border areas are under the fields and paddies only ser- Gulf of Mexico blow-out this year and the govern- 1970'ies some 250-300 million The regime has tried to patch bombardment from the Vietna- ves to make the rich farmers ric- kr. have been invested by for- up the economy by mass tour- mese forces in Kampuchea. War her and the poor ones poorer. In ment's plans for oil exploring North of the 62nd eign companies, mainly U.S., ism, foreign investment and cre- threatens. In the mountains and Thailand, production of fruit parallell next year. every year. In 1978, the World ating an infrastructure. The kil- jungle areas in the North-East, (especially pineapples) for ex- The Norwegian State expects to receive 10,1 bil- Bank borrowed Thailand 1,8 bil- ter means that docks, railroads guerrilla forces fight the Bang- port is on the increase. Norsk lion kr. The money was mainly and other communications are kok regime. Reports indicate Hydro delivers fertilizers for lion kr in fees and taxes from oil activities in the spent on the building of roads developed by expensive loans in that the guerrilla is divided into fruit growing. Pineapples desti- North Sea in 1980. Of this, 0,31% goes to oil protec- and hydro-electric plants. order to draw more capital into a main force still willing to fight ned for the Western World mar- the country. the oppressors within the count- kets does not feed the hungry tion ! Crisis ry, but also willing to join a Po- mouths of Thailand. The gross production value of the oil activities Thai economy has been in crisis Vicious circle pular Front in the event of a for- is estimated to be 22 billion kr. Due to higher cru- since 40 000 U.S. soldiers were Unemployment, foreign trade eign invasion, and a dissenting Stop Norsk Hydro's Thai- withdrawn from the country by deficit and inflation increase. group which supports the Hanoi land project! de oil prices on the world market, the State wins the end of the Vietnam War. Thailand has entered the same plans for South-East Asia nowa- 1,5 billion kr more than expected. Then the bottom fell out of the vicious circle as most other de- dctYs. Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012 6 6 CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979.

IY^D OFFICE ASSISTANT:

Moo NW/ IOW 11 • WV NMI Miff • IL 11 •

from 1977 to 1980 • A state employed office assistant earning 60,000 kr. per year year. Here, we find state emplo- will lose 4,200 kr. in buying power from December 31st 1977 to yed office assistants. Wage rate April 30th, 1980. 11 is near top wages for this gro- A department engineer earning 68,000 kr. per year must ha- up. ve a 14,5 % wage increase in order to have the same buying po- Wage rate 14 means 68,602 kr. wer in 1980 as she had in 1977. a year. This is the lowest salary These are two examples docu- April 30ieth, 1980? Rasmussen for first directors, and in this mented by tax office employees has chosen 4 wage rate groups group, we find department engi- in Bergen, taken from discussi- from the state wage scale, ran- neers and telecommunications on papers on the wage negotiati- ging from 59,850 to 91,439 kr. per engineers. ons for state employees in the lo- year. The table shows the decli- Wage rate 17 is 78,197 kr. a ye- cal NTL (National Public Ser- ne in employees' buying power ar. Here, we find the top salaried vants' Union ) branch. from January 31st, 1979 to April engineers in various branches. Helge Rasmussen and Th. Jar- 30ieth, 1980 for these groups, tax Wage rate 20 is 91,439 kr. a ye- le Folkedahl from the Bergen classes 1 and 2 respectively. ar. Here, we find many consul- Tax Office and Directory of Re- tants. sidents wish to reach a broader The wage rates from 11 to 20 audience with their estimates. To whom do these apply to the vast majority of the Here, we present some of their calculations apply? many hundred thousand state results. Several first secretaries employees on the threshold of at the Tax Office have controlled Wage rate 11 means 59,850 kr. a new wages negotiations. the figures, and Folkedahl gua- rantees the correctness of the Decreased buying power calculations. The suggested de- Class 1 Class 2 mands are made by Helge Ras- Wage rate 11 4,200 2,817 mussen. He is a study leader of Wage rate 14 4,711 NTL 107/15. 3,350 Rasmussen's point of departu- Wage rate 17 5,415 4,125 re is to be found in a pamphlet Wage rate 20 6,235 5,057 distributed by the State Employ- ed Public Servants' Cartel on the What kind If one picks monetary additi- 1978 wage negotiations. One of ons, one ought to have the pay- the Cartel's conditions during of demands? ing power of rather well-salaried these negotiations was that the — In order to compensate for people, in rate 23-24, for instan- 1977 buying power must be lost buying power, people in wa- ce, as a point of departure. If one maintained. This coincides with ge rate 20 need a raise of ca chooses to maintain their buying stated TUC Board of Represen- 17,000 kr. ( 18,5 %a), whereas one power and give the same sum to tative aims, as well as organiza- needs 10,000 (14,5 % ) in wage ra- all, this would mean a greatly tions and authorities when the te 14, writes Rasmussen. He con- enforced buying power in the lo- wage freeze was put into effect tinues: wer rate groups, he says. September 12th, 1978. — With the considerable diffe- Because of the taxation regu- With this starting point, Helge rentiation in our members' wa- lations, a combined moneta- Rasmussen claims that the most ges, and with 2 classes of taxati- ry/percently addition will give unifying, realistic slogan before on, it is almost impossible to rai- the best results, Rasmussen wri- the 1980 wage negotiations will se one single demand, either in tes, and suggests the following be Fulfill the promises — main- kr. or per cent, if the goal is to demands for state employees : tain the 1977 buying power! He maintain the buying power of 10 % wage increase plus 5,000 stresses the fact that this is a di- all. kr. in all wage rate groups. This stinctly more defensive slogan Rasmussen is of the opinion entails a strengthened buying than previous ones. that both even monetary and power for the low-income groups How much will state employe- even percently additions will gi- and a maintenance of it for most es have lost from the end of '77 to ve a biased result. of the others. 0 11.11.44 Norwegian trade union members have experienced reduced or stagnated Call about the wage buying power over the last few years. The right Under the thumb of the Trade Union opposition: to negotiate has gradually negotiations 1980 TUC leader Tor Halvorsen. been curtailed, until it was taken away entirely during the wage freeze. The co-ordinated, combined wage negotiations were supposed to have a alow-income profile'', but TUC LEADERS the distance between top and bottom of the wage scale has only increased. In order to counter this IN TROUBLE development, we will come with the following demands at the wage nagoti- ations in 1980: * * Free, union-wise negotiations without Government-imposed re- From a conference in Oslo september 1979 discussing the call about The effects of the wage freeze al: «The discussions between the ting some 250 000 union mem- the wage negotiations. are to be maintained. Develop- employers' and employees' or- bers have said they are in favour strictions! ment of wages is to be kept at ganisations ... have shown that of union-wise negotiations. This * * Continued right to least 90 % of the average some of the important about the same level as in 1979. the two parties agree that the re- is more than half of the TUC local wage negotiations. industrial wages! claims around which the In other words — continued dec- latively slow growth in costs and members in private enterprise No restrictions on sliding line in buying power. prices in 1979 is to be maintained — the area where the form of ne- * * * Automatic index re- trade union members Instead of a wage freeze act — in 1980 and the years ahead.» gotiations are up for discussion. wages! gulations with full com- must unite around in or- Tor Halvorsen, the chairman of These lines are taken from a Two national conventions have * * The buying power pensation and low fluctua- der to have reasonable the Norwegian TUC, is to do the press release on the national voted down Tor Halvorsen's pro- must be maintained. Mi- tion limits ! wage negotiations next job for the government and the budget from the Ministry of Fi- posal for co-ordinated, combi- nimum full compensation capitalists. nance. ned negiotiations in just as many We want to encourage year. The wage negotiations in 1980 weeks. He has not succeeded in for losses during the tar- clubs, unions and organi- will be a central touch-stone of persuading these congregations. riff period 1978-80! zed workers to support By November, more than whether government will get its THE LEADERS Some feat for the top TUC spo- * * Union-wise guaran- this call. In addition, the thirty clubs and unions way or not. IN TROUBLE kesman! Now that the national tees must be given to the The TUC leaders have accep- To date, national conventions budget has been published, his workers must of course had joined this call, which ted government's universal go- and union meetings represen- tas is not the least easier! low-income workers, so raise local and branch de- was initiated by three lo- all workers will — over a mands in detail. The five cal trade union boards. certain period — earn at demands above are only

-711101116.7.11 ;.-

Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979. % Decrease of wage Freeze: Increase of prices 85 on strike

85 workers have been on strike at Hamax Indu- stri. Norway's 6th largest commercial corporation, Harald A. Moller A/S, decided to close down the factory. Now, these plans have been fought back. Gross turn-over for the Moller until April 1st, 1980 — admitted- corporation was one billion kr. in ly with only 49 workers and redu- 1978, and two of the corporati- ced productivity. Then, new ne- on's managing directors have a gotiations are to be held. No pro- personal fortune much higher duction equipment is to be mo- than the annual gross turn-ove• ved to Plast & Form without the for Hamax. There's enough ca- workers' consent. Nobody is to pital, and the workers have an be sacked. The reduced work- Tram drivers kr. since alternative for continued pro- force is partly due to the wor- 500 duction. When the Moller corpo- kers' age, partly because the ration wants to close Hamax workers have sought new. em- have lost 1978 down, it is obviously because it ployment elsewhere. - wants higher rates of profit. The By the end of the strike, the The buying power of large groups in Oslo Sporveier (the tram com- Taxation tables for 1980 are Standard wages idea was to sack the workers and workers' representatives say pany) will be reduced by 4 — 5,000 kr. during the tarriff period from not available, so we have relied transfer production and equip- that they have learnt that saying May 1978 to May 1980. upon tables from 1979. We have We have used the top standard ment to another Moller plant, wages for a driver of a two- no in a polite manner just isn't If the Government and LO (Trade Union Congress) promises of used Statistisk Sentralbyra's Plast & Form on Kthkeroy. enough. person tram and the standard maintained buying power are to be kept, claims of a 14 % compensa- (Central Bureau of Statistics ) The Hamax workers were wages of a beginning conductor. — If we are going to win. we tions must be raised. taxation tables for full year's fighting against a social crime : can't just smile and bow politely Additional pay for uncomforta- wages. Since pay additions are Affluent private capitalists wan- and hope. We have to pound the to 1979, so the same wages give a ble working hours etc. is not in- given in May instead of January, ted to give workers the sack af- Price increase lower net income in 1979. When cluded, but the claims would not table. Workers have been trea- From the beginning of the tarriff we estimate how much higher this may entail som elesser inac- have been lower if these were ter they had brought in money ted unjustly, and they have sto- curacies. In- for lousy wages for 20 years, just mached too much. We have period, May 1978, to May 1979, wages employees must have if cluded. because these capitalists' bank learnt a lot about solidarity prices went up by 5,2 % How the buying power is to be kept, accounts were not getting big among the workers here as well much the prices will rise until we must take the graduated sy- Driver of a two-person tram, enough. as from fellow workers all over the end of the period, May 1980, stem of taxation into considera- After a 3 week strike, the wor- the country, who have given us is impossible to say today. But if tion. Therefore, a 10 % increase top standard wages, kr. 62,657. — kers won a 50 % victory. The both moral and economic sup- we say that the total price incre- in the brutto wages will still give Claims in % workers' alternative for conti- port. ase will be 10 % for the entire a lower net income. For the per- Tax class Reduced buying New standard wages nued production is to be followed tarriff period, we are not exag- sonell we have estimated, power 14,5 71,700gerating. claims of 14 % must be raised if Single 4,300 71,300 14,0 During this period, the emplo- we are to obtain a 10 % increase Married 4,700 yees of Oslo Sporveier have had in net wages. Married, 2 children 5,100 70,900 13,0 no sliding wages. The buying power has therefore gone down by Conductor, standard wages, kr. 52,605. —

at least 10 %. The figures are, as mentioned, Tax class Reduced buying New standard Claims in % not quite exact, but the claim is power wages at least not too low. With a 14 % Taxes Single 3,750 59,850 14,0 claim, most of the workers will 13,0 In addition, the tax pressure has Married 4,050 59,400 58,900be compensated for the reducti- Married, 2 children 4,450 12,0 increased somewhat from 1978 on. Into the • 7es with Lied on our backs An open, unmasked proposal for a reduced standard of li- prices and higher demand in in- der to meet the tougher econo- ving. ternational trade.» mic climate in international tra- The Lied committee's policy of higher mobility, more com- de.» muting plus a more flexible industry are integrated parts RE•DISTRIBUTION more of the suggested national budget. But the Lied commit- The following-up of the 1978 poli- THE LIED MODEL tee's conclusions have not been discussed in official political cy is really a re-distribution of The government puts its hopes fora yet. values — from the working class in a policy for «further improve- A proposal for keeping official unemployment rates at the to the capitalists. The official ju- ments in Norwegian competiti- 1979 level — but increasing the real unemployment rates. A stification for this is «the neces- veness», because «growth may proposal for massive unemployment in the fisheries, textile sity to strenghten industry in or- be small and competition very industries and ship-building. hard,» the official version goes. These are three main features of the national budget 1980. In 1978, the government changed Initiatives for enhancing la- Move. Then move. Then move again. its Keynesian economic policy ; bour mobility. the strategy of supportive enter- The government guide-lines on In order to increase «mobility» prises to maintain employment GROWING EXPORTS paying per diem money during even more, the government has Increased investments while in crisis-ridden industries was periods of unemployment could established something they call other economical demands abandoned. Compulsory arbitra- have been worked out by Finn «mobility-encouraging» subsi- are suppressed and/or redu- tion in industrial conflicts as Lied himself : dies. If you live in Kirkenes and well as a wage freeze were intro- ced. get a job in Kristiansand, you Abolition of the last Keynesi- duced. The national budget for The entire country is conside- are entitled to subsidies to cover an remnants. Introduction of 1980 is just a furthering of the red one employment market. expences in connection with tra- a new industrial policy of 1978 policy. At the same time, it If there is no employment to vel, furniture removal and fo- «stimulating potentials for . introduces a long-time policy for be found where you live, your od/accomodation while travel the '80ies, whose main ingre- growth and innovations». per diem money is taken away ling according to «specified re- These ingredients may seem dients are : if you don't accept employ- gulations». This is one of the cru- puzzling, because economic con- A further development of the ment offers in other places, be cial parts of the government policy for wage reductions. ditions for Norwegian industry it in Kristiansand in the South emergency plan for employment have improved. Export industry Unemployment to be kept at or Kirkenes in the North. market enterprises next year. growth is «very strong» (accor- the same high level as in '79. The legal demand for full «ge- The funds granted for this emer- Higher industrial productivi- ding to the national budget), but ographical mobility» is to be gency plan have gone down by 50 «this is largely due to «better On the picket line outside Hamax industries. ty. followed «to the letter». million kr this year. Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979.

If one should point to one issue that has marked Norwegian political debate during the Summer and Autumn of '79, the obvious choice is the struggle to defend the Alta/Kautokeino watercourse against governmental plans for hydro- electric development. Phis struggle has mobilized tho- October, seven Samis put up a isands of activists all through la.vvo (a Sami type of tent) in he country. From June to Octo- Eidsvoll Square right in the )er, a protest camp was esta- front of the Norwegian Parlia- )lished in the area where the ment. In order to demonstrate onstruction work was to be do- their firm resolution to protect le, in order to physically pre- the last remnants of their tradi- Tent the progress of the con- tional areas, they went on a hun- ;truction work. In these months, ger strike. more than a thousand conserva- By this action, attention was tionists from Norway and abro- focused on the crux of the mat- Id, stayed in the camp. ter: The Sami people's rights in The camp caused a lot of inte- a part of Norway where the cent- rest and was an effective instru- ral government has chased and ment in mobilizing political opi- oppressed the people by a syste- nion against the development. matic colony policy for centu- Even more effective was anot- ries. her camp: In the beginning of Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012 Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

1 0 CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979. Alta Con terns All of Us

The struggle to protect some parts of the rich na- ture in Norway against industrial and other social interference, has proud traditions. This year, the struggle against the hydro-electric development of the Alta/Kautokeino watercourse is in focus. The Norwegian Parliament has passed a resolution for this development, against protests from both local authorities and the conservationist organizations. But the most serious infringement is against the Sami people, the largest national minority'group in Norway. The areas which will be flooded, are among their most important reindeer grazing-grounds, All during the summer, thousands of demonstrators spent their summer vacations in a demonstra- On election day, September 17th, the authorities in Oslo wanted to put an end to this «intolera- and the river, which will be led in pipelines, is one tion camp at the construction site. Conservationists from all over the country, and from a number ble» extra-parliamentary activity, and had the police sent to the camp. Little use. On the next day, of European countries as well, put their foot down and their tents up to defend what is known as new tents were erected, new demonstrators mobilized. of their richest fisheries. Today, the Sami people one of the finest rivers in all Europe. is organizing for struggle against this development in their territory — in order to defend their But the fight is by no means both in Norway and abroad — electric plant has not even been conceive. If they try to drive the national and cultural rights. fought — even though The Nor- make it politically impossible to demonstrated. demonstrators away, their own wegian Watercourse and Elect- maintain the resolution for deve- Of course, the parliamentary case will be even weaker. The ricity Authority ( NVE ) has ma- lopment. majority which betrayed the Hey re (conservative) and DIA K/asselcampen's editorial, June ned subsistence for small far- naged to build some hundred Time is on the opponents' side. people of Alta and Kautokeino, (social democrats ) politicians 9th, goes: mers along the river down in Al- meters of road for the works. More and more people begin to know this. And they are begin- know that there are limits — «For ten years, the people ta. It would have destroyed the To stop the construction works realize what an outrageous in- ning to realize that this issue is even for them. They will keep along the Alta-Kautokeino wa- best salmon river in Northern on the physical level, is, in the justice is taking place. The reso- about to give them a loss of face their eyes and ears wide and tercourse has fought to defend Europe and levelled vast calving long run, problematic. Nor is lution in favour of development which will cause international consider the situation every day. their river. Without their unique and grazing-grounds for the re- this the goal of Folkeaksjonen was passed on a basis of false interest. That is why they want The struggle ahead will give and die-hard efforts, there would indeer farmers. ( the People's Action ) and Al- premises. Local democracy has the development to take place them some answers. We urge all have been a gigantic power The Parliamentary Act which tautvalget ( the Alta Commit- been brushed aside. The rights with a minimum of fuss. opponents of the development of plant in the heart of the Sami was passed in the autumn of 1978 tee ). For the time being, the of the Sami nation have been A gigantic demonstration in the Alta/Kautokeino to go to Al- territory today, a power plant and sanctioned in June 1979, was most important task is to gain ti- ruthlessly trampled upon. And Alta — a camp of thousands of ta this summer. The activities which would have flooded Masi, a defeat for the opponents of this me, stop the construction work on top of all, the need for the po- demonstrators — is just about against the development con- a Sami settlement, and threate- development. now, and let public opinion — wer from the planned hydro- the worst thing that they can cerns all of us.»

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CONFRONTATION WITH CONSTRUCTION MACHINES: The demonstrators did NOT move. Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979. 1 1 I LING TO IS STRUGGLE

After having tried negotiations with the Norwegian Government in order to have a spite physical exhaustion, they development case, spokesmen tercourse was to be taken up by court verdict on the Sami people's rights in connection with the Alta/Kautokeino would continue their hunger stri- from the Norwegian Church de- parliamentary discussions development, a group of 7 Samis took a drastic, and within a Norwegian context, ke until the government gave in. manded that the Sami claims again, that Sami rights were to must be heard. One week after be taken into consideration and unusual step: On October 9th, they put up a lavvo on Eidsvoll Square in front of the The first Sami victory Norwegian Parliament and declared: "We are willing to die of starvation in order to the Sami actionists started their that all construction work was to The pressure on the Norwegian hunger strike, the government be upheld for 6 weeks. stop the development!" government was by and by get- made an unconditional retreat: ting very heavy. Several opposi- In a short statement, it said that Enormous, area in front of the Parliament. continued their action a few me- tional parties in Parliament de- the entire question on develop- spontaneous support But the Sami demonstrators ters away and declared that demanded a new procedure in the ment of the Alta/Kautokeino wa- Right from the start, support for the seven was enormous. Petiti- ons were signed by thousands and thousands, and many people spontaneously sat down in front of the tent to protect the demonstrators from police attacks. The action created a stir, not only in Norway, but abroad as well. It immediately gained support from various groups, for instance organizations defending the rights of the aboriginal peoples. In spite of feverish efforts from the top people in DNA, the social democratic government party, in order to split the trade union movement from the demonstrators, many local clubs sent their support immediately. Police attacks Twice, police troops were orde- red to march on the protest camp in Oslo. Stein Ornhoi, a MP for SV (one of the revisionist parties in Norway), and Finn Sjue, official spokesman for the CC of AKP(m-l), were immediately arrested. But the police action only increased popular support for the Sami people. and on the very night that the police cleared the Square, hundreds of demonstrators formed a circle around the tent to protect it. Early in the morning the police arrived, with more officers this time, and cleared the Squa- re again. This time, 2 — 300 were arrested, and the tent was destroyed. An iron circle around the Parliament In order to prevent the action from continuing in its previous form, the police closed the entire The Sam'a people — an oppressed nation in Nonvay The Sami people is the aborigi- Among other things, this pro- nal people in the middle and gramme says: northern parts of Norway. It is a "For many hundreds of years, (above) Exhausted after one nation living within the bounda- the Sarni people in Norway has week of hunger streike, du- ries of four states today: Nor- been oppressed by the Norwegit ring which they were arre- way, Sweden, Finland and the an state and its representatives sted twice, one of the samis Soviet Union. The same state oppresses the expresses his gratitude for Norwegian people. Norwegian the enormous support Only one of the Norwegian po- and foreign capitalists have sto-4 shown by ordinary people litical parties has claimed that len the natural resources and the all over the country. the Sami people constitute an result of the Sarni people's toll (left) Famous Norwegian oppreSsed nation: AKP (m-1) . A and work." explorer Helge Ingstad (80), Separate Saini political pro- This programme is to be revi: an international authority gramme was adopted at the first sed at the party convention next' on indigenous peoples, ta- national party convention in year. AKP(m-1) also publishes a king part in the demonstra- 1973. Later, this programme has newspaper — Bsd Mist in, tion camp outside the parli- been translated into the Sarni the Sarni and NorVietian langutt;' ament. language. ges.

• I the Sarni hunger s erS

When the Sami seven hunger striking Sami seven and rights to soil, water and natural the Sami and other local popula- untry. But the hunger strike will been started in Alta already. started their hunger stri- are of the opinion that their acti- resources in their territories. tion's protests, is just another also gain international attention The postponement proves that on is of decisive importance. The Norwegian government proof of what the State in fact do- and give proof to the Norwegian the government is politically we- ke, AKP (m-1) sent this By just one blow, they have has ratified this convention, and es, is colonialism. government's colonial policy all ak. Therefore, they try to gain ti- statement of support: made it crystal clear what the is- the Norwegian minister of De- The hunger demonstration in over the world. me. Instead, they will see that The Sami hunger strike in front sue is all about: who is to decide fence, Thorvald Stoltenberg, front of the Parliament is a cou- Nobody has any illusions that the strength of the resistance of the Parliament is a quiet and what is to be done in the Sami was one of its architects at the rageous demonstration against the government and parliamen- movement will grow. The hun- at the same time a dramatic ac- territories? The Sami people ha- U. N. Conference. But up to now, this. It has gained spontaneous tary majority are in favour of ger strike in front of the Parlia- tion against the resolution on the ve historic rights to land and na- the government's friendliness support both from the Oslo popu- changing their opinion. But even ment is an important proof of development of the Alta/Kauto- tural resources at Finnmarks- has only been empty phrases ai- lation and various political par- they fear popular condemnation. this. keino watercourse. A new front vidda. The new U.N. Convention med at an international audien- ties. Today, this support will be If it had not been for the effecti- The working committee has been established far to the on Racial Discrimination under- ce. The resolution on develop- followed by demonstrations and ve and broad resistance work, of AKP(m-l) south of Stilla. We support the lines the aboriginal peoples' ment of the Alta River, against popular rallies all over the co- construction work would have Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

1 2 CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979.

Official Norwe Friends of Java Maria (inser- ted) burying Norwegian justice in a demonstration in Bergen.

Abeba Tesfamichael, Goitom Tesfagiorgis Tekle mechanics, so they can cont- they heard that they had to in friends' rooms and spen- people have guaranteed eco- of Justice". Finally, she wa:. and Wahidul and Shahidul Alam are names one ,- ribute to their mother count- apply for a residence permit ding their hard-earned mo- nomic support. She had star- allowed to stay here. Of cour- ry's progress. In order not to from a Norwegian embassy ney. A nice Norwegian cont- ted education. Nevertheless, se these cases put the govern has seen rather frequently in the Norwegian press be deported, they had to go or legation outside of Scandi- ribution to broader under- she was almost kicked out of ment's immigration policy it during the last half year. into hiding on board M/V navia. Therefore, they had to standing between different the country. Fortunately eno- a bad light, and protes These four people have two things in common: Aksnes, a Panama-register- leave for Hamburg in We- races and cultures indeed! ugh, her fellow pupils gathe- against it is growing ever: They come from third world countries, and they ed "slave ship" under repair stern Germany. For months Java Maria is stateless. red more than 12,000 signatu- day. have fallen victims of official Norwegian racism. in one of the Norwegian they have been kept waiting She risks being put into pri- res from supporters and put fjords. While working there, for an answer there, staying son in Sri Lanka. In Norway, pressure on the "Department Abeba Tesfamichael lived underground in Norway from May to October. Then she gave up and fled to Sweden. She applied for political asylum versary of the Soviet occupation i4orwegian here, because she had to flee Norwegian of Czechoslovakia. The Commit- from Eritrea, a country in a tee does not want to limit its soli- state of war. The immigrati- darity with the Czechoslovakian professor on officers' answer was: protests people to this one day ; it will fol- — No, you come from the low the development in that co- Sudan, and you have nothing untry closely all year round. beat up and to fear from Sudanese autho- against rities. Of course, one must not for- arrested get these people's ignorance : the Prague «WE KNOW WHY YOU They didn't know that Ethio- HAVE COME» pian agents infiltrate Sudane- When 3 presentatives of the Au- in Prague se refugee camps. And any- verdicts gust 21st Committee visited the way : The safe thing is to A well-known Norwegian profes- Czechoslovakian Embassy in stick to "the letter of the sor, Thorolf Rafto, who for seve- 25th in order to law". Then, responsibility Oslo on October ral years has worked for the de- hand over the letter of protest, evaporates. mocratic opposition in Czecho- they were rejected by embassy Goitom Tesfagiorgis Tekle slovakia and who has many per- personnell. owe know why you was in a similar situation. When 6 well-known Czechoslova- sonal ties to well-known oppositi- the only an- This Eritrean ELF member kian dissenters were sentenced have come,» was onals, visited Prague in order to managed to escape to Mar- to hard prison punishment for swer they got. Then the embassy hold lectures for Czechoslovaki- se- seilles as a stow-away pas- «subversive activities» and door was shut and locked by an academicians and visit senger. There, he bought a «slander of the State», the veral safety locks! «Send the let- friends. Norwegian passport — ille- newly-founded August 21st Com- ter by mail,» was the embassy The Norwegian professor was gally, of course. Jus necessi- mittee in Oslo reacted by writing personnell's advice to the Com- arrested in company with seve- mittee — which was exactly tatis? Of course not! After a a harsh letter of condemnation ral Czechoslovakian intellectu- while, he travelled to Helsin- to the Czechoslovakian Presi- what they did. The letter to Hu- als and beat up in the Prague ki, Finland, where he was dent, Gustav Husak. sak was re-printed in the form of streets by the Special Service. caught in a passport control, The August 21st Committee a hand-bill and distributed on a After being arrested and inter- sent to Norway because of has a number of personal mem- mass basis in the streets of Oslo rogated, professor Rafto was put bers. It was established in con- the following days, with an appe- on the the fake passport. And there Representatives of the August 21. committee at the Czech embassy train to Eastern Germa- you go... nection with the protest demon- al to forward it to President Hu- ny. According to Czechoslovaki- in Oslo. Java Maria from Sri Lanka strations in Noway on the anni- sak. an authorities, his residence per- and the Alam brothers from mit had «expired» ... Bangla Desh were accepted Let's call him Asmet. He's 10 years old. Suddenly, this right for granted. blems are very acute, there. Up as students at Norwegian If a child has another langua- till now, mother tongue educati- «people's colleges», where he's told that every Friday, he has to travel for ge as its mother tongue, practi- on has been given in the child's they would have had very go- two hours in order to have a two-hour lesson in cal obstacles might be very hard own school. But in order to save od opportunities to learn the to overcome. Since Norway tra- a few kroner, local authorities Norwegian language. An inn- Scandalous Urdu. Or little Francesco, who usually has only a five ditionally has been a very homo- have centralized this education. ocent enough endeavour. But genous country — with very few To school bureaucrats, it is not to Norwegian immigrati- Mother minutes' walk to school — and now he must travel immigrants, national minorities much easier to send small chil- ons officers. The Alam brot- for an hour in order to learn Italian, which he is and «foreign workers» — this dren here and there all over hers are here to seek employ- entitled to, according to Norwegian law. has been a rather small pro- town than employing a sufficient ment, they say. And if offici- Tongue blem, although the right to ecu- number of teachers. als say so, it does not helt It is essential to a person's men- son's mother tongue. Every cation in the mother tongue had Both children, parents and te- what the brothers themselves tal development that the forma- child in Norway is entitled to ha- to be fought hard for. achers have reacted very sharp- explain. They want to learn Education tion of concepts etc. — which is ve his education in the mother Oslo is one of the very few pla- ly against this new policy of disc- Norwegian in order to study very intensive in elementary tongue. But in practice, only ces in Norway with many ethnic rimination. school — takes place in the per- Norwegian children can take minority groups. Therefore, pro- Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979. 1 3

International conference on Kam EMI puchea in Stockholm in november Friends of Democratic Kampu- The initiative for the Paris famous persons who support chea from most countries in Eu- meeting came from famous aut- Kampuchea's right to national ropa as well as the USA and Ca- hors as Han Suyin, Jan Myrdal independence to the Stockholm What is happening in Norway? nada held a conference on Kam- and Alan Bouc. The fourth per- conference. -The International Conference on pucheaw in Paris by the end of son to take this initiative was Dr. Despite different opinions on Christian Democratic Party). is to rule its own country. This Kampuchea in Stockholm, Swe- June and the beginning of July Robert Andrei, former leader of various international questions, Besides, well-known Norwegian brings promises for work after den, November 17th — 18th, was, this summer. The conference de- the French Viet-Nam Commit- the participants of the Paris actors, authors, university peo- the Conference. It is the first as many of the readers will cided to hold a big, international tee. meeting agreed on presenting an ple and trade union leaders have step on the road to create a know, prepared in many count- conference in Stockholm in No- Representatives from count- appeal for having a conference signed the appeal. world-wide opinion against the ries in Europe and the third vember in order to support the ries, as for instance Bangla in Stockholm. This appeal is the The Norwegian «Free Cambo- barbaric Vietnamese war-fare world long time before the Con- resistance movement inside Desh and the Dominican Repu- political foundation for the con- dia Committee», which in april in Kampuchea. In Norway — as ference started. In the beginning Kampuchea. The Stockholm blic, also participated in the Pa- ference. Work is now in progress last year organized an interna- in all other countries — a most of September, a Working Com- conference will be an important ris meeting, along with mem- in many countries in order to get tional hearing in Oslo to denoun- important task will be to carry mittee for the Conference on event in the struggle to gain sup- bers of the Organisation of De- people to sign this appeal. ce Democratic Kampuchea, has out the aims of the Conference. Kampuchea was established in port for the Kampuchean people mocratic Kampucheans in Pa- In Sweden, the Swedish- also strongly opposed the Viet- Solidarity must be steeped up, it Norway. This committee has in their struggle against the ris. Independent intellectuals Cambodian Friendship Society namese invasion. In a letter to must not cease on November worked to create as much sup- Vietnamese occupants. The and members of the clergy also will be the arrangers of the con- the Stockholm conference, this 18th. attended. It is the intention of ference. The author and journa- port as possible for the Confe- committee expresses that it Work has not been easy all the Kampucheans now fight a bitter rence in Norway. struggle for survival as an inde- the arranging committee to invi- list Jon Michelet was the Norwe- agrees with the conference inas- way. On Norwegian TV, several Its work has mainly been cent- pendent antion. te a number of internationally gian delegate in Paris. much as it condemns the Vietna- pro-Vietnamese programs have red on two tasks : to find as ma- mese invasion and demands an been shown, and many bourgeo- ny supporters of the Conference immediate withdrawal of all for- is newspapers have held cam- as possible. In this, the commit- eign troops. paigns for slandering the Pol Pot tee stressed the work to persua- The working committee set it- government. The SV de well-known people to sign an self the goal of collecting 10 000 revionists are among the worst Stop Norways develop- appeal on the Conference. The kr for the conference. This amo- supporters of Vietnam, and they other task has been collecting unt was reached about one week say, among other things, that no- money to support the Conferen- before the conference. At the one helps Kampuchea more than ment aid to Vietnam ce in Stockholm. moment of writing, it is impossi- Vietnam. The bourgeois newspa- Now, the list of signatures con- ble to say how much has been pers have had no wish to print Rod Valgallianse has published a pamphlet where tains the names of many well- collected in all, because money news about the Conference, and the following claims have been made: dia. Rod Valgallianse demands known Norwegians. Among the- that the Norwegian government keeps pouring in. Right now, the this has made propaganda work Norway must take in se are the pianist, Kjell Bkke- sum is approximately 15 000 kr. difficult. vernment has granted 35 million stops all aid to Viet-Nam until lund; the author, Inger Hage- more refugees and give kroner to Viet-Nam. This «deve- Viet-Nam puts and end to the Work in connection with the But — all in all — the situation rup; Pal Hougen, curator in Oslo Stockholm Conference has is much brighter now than it was them political asylum. lopment aid» makes it easier for persecution of Vietnamese of and MC in a popular TV pro- Viet-Nam to persecute Vietna- Chinese origin and other natio- shown that many support the de- when work started. By and by, a Norway must demand gram ; the editor, Egil Ulateig; mand for Vietnamese withdra- strong movement of support for that Viet-Nam with- mese of Chinese origin and to nal minorities and withdraws its and two leading members of the continue the warfare in Cambo- troops from Cambodia. wal from Kampuchea and the Kampuchea's struggle will grow draws its troops from youth organization of Kr. F.. (the demand that the Khmer people forth in Norway. Cambodia immediately. and economic aid and assistance Norwegian develop- to the struggling Kampuchean An agreement between the Nor- people. ment aid to Viet-Nam In the question on the fishing must be stopped imme- wegian and Icelandic governments A limit around Jan Mayen, diately, and new aid A E IK( m-1) and WCP( m-1) have must not be given until on the fishing limit around Jan the joint statement of 1978 as the Viet-Nam has stopped Jan Mayen+ basis of their view. In the state- Mayen serves the front against ment, it is stressed that the med- the persecution of the ian line is the main principle for Chinese in Viet-Nam Soviet expansionism! dividing ocean areas between and other national mi- two neighbouring countries. - C Between Norway and Iceland, norities and withdrawn For a long time, there have been negotiations between the go- Nr A NA 8— A r the respective 200 mile limits from Cambodia. vernments of Iceland and Norway on the fishing limit around A-- •4 a y will cross each other, and an The grounds for these claims Jan Mayen, which is a Norwegian island. Norway claims that area of ca. 30 000 sq. kms will be A are: it has a right to a 200 mile zone around this island, whereas 4 contained by both. This area is A grave tragedy takes place in 4 Iceland does not accept this. While these negotiations take pla- Tp of vital economic interest to Ice- the South China Sea. Tens of Tr ce, a major Soviet fishing fleet has the opportunity to fish with- rs land. Therefore, EIK ( m-1) and thousands of refugees from Viet- out restrictions in the area. WCP( m-1) want to state that the Nam perish at sea, while other median line principle ought not tens of thousands live in a pitiful WCP (m-1) and Icelandic communists recently adopted this joint statement, which was reprinted in Klassekampen, the to be adhered to in this case, but state of poverty in refugee that Iceland should have full dis- camps. They are not fleeing any 19th of June 1979, in which also the fishing limit around Jan posal of the area within its 200 form of socialism in Viet-Nam. Mayen is mentioned: mrdtlinje mile fishing limit. They are fleeing terrorism and 'F/EROYENE lu l l 200 noulisk g mll The relations between EIK oppression. The majority of the The Median Line Should Not be Adopted ( m-1) and WCP( m-1) are based refugees are ethnic Chinese. The Near Jan Mayen of agreement over the interpre- ment that the Chinese counter- upon proletarian internationa- authorities in Viet-Nam send tations of the situation. Of the attack on Viet-Nam was a nec- lism and the long-time friends- them to death at sea, whereas Joint statement between EIK (m-1) and AKP (m-1) two super powers, the Soviet cessary and just action and that hip between the Icelandic and Hitler sent the Jews to the gas Representatives from EIK( m-1) cussed, in particular the effects Union is the most dangerous and this was an important blow Norwegian peoples. The organi- chambers. 300 000 Chinese in and AKP( m-1) have just finished of the economic crisis. aggressive. The Soviet Union is against social imperialist expan- zations agree on strengthening Viet-Nam have been driven discussions on questions of com- The representatives also dis- the most likely cause of a new sionism. -their mutual relations. away and almost one million are mon interest. The situation in cussed the international situati- world war today. Both parties stressed the im- EIK(m-l) WCP(m-l) awaiting deportation. They have Norway and in Iceland were dis- on, and there was a high degree There was common agree- portance of increasing political lost the rights to work and education, like the Jews in Nazi Ger- many. They lost all their belon- gings, and in the end, they have to pay large amounts of money Joint statement between The Peru- AKP(m-I) greets the People's Republic of China on its for the privilege of leaving the country in a sinking ship. One vian Communist Party (Patria thirtieth anniversary out of every two reugees leaving Viet-Nam loses his life during Roja) and AKP(m-I) On the occasion of the thirtieth imperialism. To revolutionaries, practical and the theoretical the voyage. This is a new Holo- anniversary for the establish- the working class and peoples all fields, Comrade Mao Zedong en- caust. Contact between the Peruvian nam and the Soviet Union. It is ment of the People's Republic of over the world, the experiences riched and developed Marxism- TRADING IN Communist Party ( PC del Peru also stressed that PC del Peru China, the Central Committee of of the CPC is a rich source in Leninism and played a decisive HUMANS — A WAY TO — Patria Roja ) and AKP( m-1) fights US imperialism. The USA AKP( m-1) sent their greetings to their own endeavours.» role in re-creating a genuine has been strengthened through is the most important of the two the Central Committee of CPC Furthermore, the greeting communist world movement.» FINANCE WARS several bi-lateral meetings. In super-powers in Peru. At the sa- and the Chinese government. stresses the importance of To conclude, the greating 3000 dollars — in gold — is the September this year, a joint sta- me time, it is underlined that the In the greeting, it is said, China's revolutionary foreign says: «Now, the People's Repu- sum every refugee must pay the tement between the two parties Soviet Union tries to gain an eco- among other things, that China policy, and says : «The conse- blic of China, The Communist government. Human beeings was printed in Klassekampen. nomic as well as a political foot- has experienced profound chan- quent task of creating a front as Party of China and the Chinese has become the most important The statement especially hold in Latin America, and espe- ges since liberation. Further, it broad as possible against the masses face new, great goals. export item. This trade in hu- stresses both parties' support to cially that Cuba represents a says : «Not only has the last 30 greatest oppressor and most The bold task to turn China into mans is a means to finance an- the theory of the three worlds, possible military threat to the years' development given the dangerous super-power today, a modern socialist industrial other genocide — committed by and to the struggle Democratic continent. Chinese people a new life. Opp- the Soviet social imperialism, is state by the year 2000 will de- 140 000 Vietnamese invading sol- Kampuchea fights against Viet- ressed peoples and nations re- of inestimable importance to the mand great, well-planned ef- diers in Cambodia. Soviet arms gard the People's Republic of peoples of the world.» forts for a long period ahead in are being paid for by the refuge- China a continued source of in- In the greeting, AKP(m-I) ta- order to strengthen socialism es' last money. Hanna Kvanmo spiration in their struggle for na- kes the opportunity to honor the and demonstrate on the practi- (SV) exhibits an unbelievable tional as well as social justice memory of Comrade Mao Ze- cal levels how socialism surpas- cynicism when she defends the Joint statement between PC(m-1) and a consequent supporter in dong, and says: «With his enor- ses the other known social sy- stream of refugees by pointing the world-wide struggle against mous contributions, both in the stems.» to the fact that the U.S. govern- Portugal and AKP(m-I) ment has not paid the reparati- ons for the war. U.S. atrocities Through many bi-lateral mee- ( m-1)P stressed the necessary AKP(m-I) greets the Communist Party of Kampuchea and war crimes do not justify tings in Norway and Portugal, task of stopping the reactiona- Viet Nam's pogroms. Nor do the PC( m-1) Portugal and ries' offensive in Portugal and On occasion of the Communist of the Kampuchean people were conviction that the Kampuchean they justify driving hundreds of AKP( m-1) have exchanged ex- struggle to secure the working- Party of Kampuchea's 19th anni- safeguarded through the recon- liberation struggle will be victo- thousands into death at sea. periences and held political dis- class victories from the anti fas- versary, the Central Committee struction of the country under rious, even if the enemy is They do not give Viet-Nam the cussions. As a result of these dis- cist struggle in the country. of ARP( m-1) sent its warmest the leadership of CPK. strong. right to occupy its nighbouring cussions, a joint statement from The two parties also stressed greetings to Kampuchean com- The message states that the «In alliance with peaceloving countries and slaughter their these parties was issued. their common willingness to rades. Vietnamese occupants are re- peoples all over the world, we peoples. Even this joint statement un- contribute to the international The message of greeting un- ady to exterminate the Khmer will join forces to isolate the Ha- STOP NORWEGIAN derlines the two parties' support solidarity movement for Democ- derlines the fact that during the people, and that they are respon- noi junta and do what we can to DEVELOPMENT AID of the theory of the three worlds ratic Kampuchea. four years after the liberation sible for the severe hungre cata- contribute to their final defeat», TO VIET-NAM and Mao Zedong thought. PC from the US puppet regime of strophe in Kampuchea. the message of greeting conclu- This year, the Norwegian go- Lon Nol, the material demands The message expresses a firm des. Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

1 4 CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979. AKP(m-1): COMMENTS on the open «Letter of the CC of PLA and the Government of Albania to he CC of the CPC oan the Government of China». MARTS 8-9) NTRODUCTION From August 14 to 29, Klassekampen printed important excerpts — amounting to more than 40 of the 54 pages of the English language edition — of the «Letter of the CC of the Party of Labor and the Government of Albania to the CC of the Communist Party and the Government of Chi-' na» dated July 29, 1978. Each excerpt was accompanied by an article explaining the views of Marxist-Leninists in Norway on the issues raised by the corresponding passa- ge of the Albanian «Letter». As an introduction to the se- ries, Klassekampen printed an article summing up its views. Part 1 to 4 of the comments of AKP (m-1) were printed in Class Struggle no 1/78, parts 5 to 7 in C.S. no 1/79. In this issue, we print the remaining comments.

In 1974, Enver Hoxha stated that the Soviet Union was following in Hitler Germany's footsteps. In 1978, the threat from the Soviet Union is a swindle. single of the propaganda lies from the arsenal of social Picture shows the «Neman» military exercises held in July 1979 in the territory of the Soviet Baltic Re- AN ANTI-MARXIST imperialism. One would have thought that people who publics. think of themselves as «firm defenders of Marxist- Zaire against invasion, for Mobutu is a «crimi- fact. A strategy building on wishful thinking is into two; the super-powers USA and the Soviet Leninist principles» and «leaders of the world's prole- nal». In their wild attacks against China, they not revolutionary. The only useful strategy for Union are imperialist powers capable of opp- METHOD tariat» would use at least a couple of facts to support so completely lose kontrol that they attack Chi- the working class, is one showing how the ression and pursue aggression all over the their claims. One would have thought that they would na twice in the same sentence for supporting fight for revolution is to be waged under condi- world, even in relation to smaller imperialist kings. But if it is reactionary to support kings, tions that really exist. A strategy for revolution powers. In this fashion we get a division into The «open letter» from the Albanian leaders contain have presented material to prove their claims on the re- it must be just as bad to support emperors. in 1978 must, among other things, take into three, expressing the fundamental tendency in fantastic lies about The People's Republic of China, the volutionary situation in Europe and that the threat from Consequently, the Albanian leaders must re- consideration that the danger of war in most the world situation. CPC and Mao Zedong. But the question is whether the social imperialism is a lie. But no. Unlike the thorough view Stalin's and Mao's support of EMPEROR countries is increasing more rapidly than the Facts from the past ten years and more show Haile Selassie in the war against Mussolini, at point we repeat today does not beat all previous records. documentation the CPC always uses to support their possibility for revolution. that the countries in the third world hit impe- once and criticise themselves for supporting rialism, and especially toe super-powers. the [In contrast to the Marxist-Leninist method — to seek standpoints, we find nothing of the kind in the Albanian PRINCE Sihanouk in Kampuchea and PRINCE hardest, while the countries in the second truth from the facts — the Albanian leaders spread ac- letter. It does not rise above Krutchev's «open letter» Souvannahvong in Laos against US imperia- MAO'S THEORY OF world are both oppressors and oppressed. rcusations and grave slander. They have not left out one of 1963, neither in form nor in content. lism. In their moralistic attacks on China, the THE THREE WOLRDS Mao's theory makes these tendencies clear, Albanian leaders completely ignore the funda- and becomes a material force in itself as soon mental division between the aggressors and The Albanian leaders say that it is not Mao as the peoples of the world grasp it, strengt- This creates a special type of problem in refu- what I want and command, or I invade you they use one tine quotation from what the CPC the victims, and join forces with the aggressors who deveolped the theory of the three worlds, hen the third world and begin breaking the se- ting the Albanian letter: If we were to give a and keep you down, as I did with Czechoslova- writes to prove what they say? Because it is im- by concentrating their fire upon the victim. but «world reaction», the «imperialists» and cond world away from the super-powers. Ac- thorough refutation of every unverified claim, kia. — This was Hitler's road. He started with possible to prove a lie. Why don't the Albanian They do not differentiate between just and un- the «social imperialists». cording to the Albanian leaders, this tendency we would end up with a little book. We do not Austria and moved on to Czechoslovakia and leaders mention that Mao's theory of the three just wars. As far as we can see, they build this on the is negative. It is supposed to «prevent» libera- want that; therefore we shall concentrate on the other countries. Soviet social imperialism worlds. says that there are TWO imperialistic The reason why it was correct to support fact that the term «third world» was launc- tion and «stir up imperialist world war». some of the major points. These should be started in the same way and will end in the sa- super-powers, that the peoples of the world PRINCE Sihanouk against the USA and EMPE- hed long before Mao took it up, amongst other This is to oppose the greatest antiimperialist enough to show how the Albanian leaders have me way». (E. Hoxha: Our Policy is an Open Po- must fight imperialism, that the rivalry betwe- ROR Haile Selassie against Italy, is that they by bourgeois sociologists. But this is noe argu- movement in our time. thrown all caution to the winds in their crusa- licy.) en the Soviet Union and the USA will end in waged a JUST war. When the Albanian leaders ment against Mao's theory. The Albanian lea- de against Marxism-Leninism, the thoughts of The super-powers are leading the world into war, and that the Soviet Union is the one on throw this principle to the winds, they not only ders forget that all of the Marxist classics have Mao Zedong, and how they do the work of soci- a new war, and the Soviet Union is following in the offensive? They cannot do this because reject Mao, but also Lenin and Marx, to join used the works of bourgeois scientists. Did not ,al imperialism. It is no coincidence that Prav- Hitler Germany's footsteps, such was Hoxha's this is the thruth, such as peoples all over the with modern revisionism. Krutchev also moc- Marx use Ricardo's works even though he criti- da prints excerpts of the Albanian letter in analysis in 1974. In 1978, the threat from the world experience it. ked Mao's support of «princes» and «sove- cised it? Was not Morgan's studies of the Iro- their regular spot for China slander. Soviet Union is a «swindle». Either the Albani- The Albanian leaders no longer talk about reigns». History has aldready judged him. quois decisive for Engels' theory on primitive an leaders' accusation of a swindle hit Hoxha the danger of war; instead they call it a communism and the origin of private property? with full force, or the situation in the world DOES CHINA INTERFERE? «swindle». But they do talk about two impe- Did not Lenin use the works of the liberal Hob- THE THREAT FROM has entirely changed since 1974. rialist super-powers and call themselves Leni- A REVOLUTIONARY son to develop his theory of imperialism? Did According to the Albanian leaders, the greatest nists. THE SOVIET UNION not Lenin use the German bourgeois military threat to the Balkan peoples at present is Lenin proved that TEH RELATION OF POWER SITUATION theorist von Clausewitz to explain the relation «China's intrigues». The reason is that China THE DANGER OF WAR BETWEEN THE GREATEST IMPERIALIST PO- A BLUFF? According to the Albanian leaders, the situati- between war and politics? is supposed to try to create «sinister allian- WERS CAN ONLY BE SOLVED THROUGH WAR. IS INCREASING on in Western Europe is revolutionary, and it is There are lots of smiliar examples. Does this ces». These are fantastic claims. China has «Because of the bluff about defending natio- As long as we have two imperialist super- a «betrayal» on the part of China not to agree. mean that Marxist classics echo the opinions not one soldier in the Balkans or any other pla- nal independence against Soviet imperialism, powers, it is elementary Leninism that it MUST Since 1974, the Soviet Union has won a tem- The Albanian leaders no doubt know that Le- of liberals and militarists? No, on the contrary; ce outside her own borders. How can China which they consider the only danger and thre- come to a war of re-distribution between porary victory in the colonial war in Angola. nin defined the term REVOLUTIONARY SITUA- it is proof of their scientific and analytic atti- threaten the Balkan peoples? And against 'iat today, China demands that all peoples forsa- them. This is also what the CPC asserts. This They have sent over 50 000 Cuban mercenary TION and made quite definite demands before tude. They made use of the most advanced whom does China want the Balkan peoples to ke their fight for national, economic and social makes Pravda call China a «warmonger», and soldiers to Africa and waged war in Ogaden talking about such a situation. Why do they not material in bourgeois science, cleaned out ally? The super-powers, and especially the So- ;liberation and put themselves under US impe- now the Albanian leaders repeat the same sto- and Eritrea. They have stood behind the coup use Lenin's definition to prove the CPC's mis- mistakes and used it in a Marxist analysis. This viet Union. For whom is this «sinister»? For fialism and the cpaitalist powers in the West, ry. Their fury is turned against those who expo- or attempted coup in Afghanistan, Irak, the take? The answer is that it is impossible. is also the case with Mao's theory of the three the super-powers, and especially the Soviet the late colonial powers», the Albanian lea- se the reasons for war, not those who prepare Sudan, Somalia, South and North Yemen. They Lenin makes three conditions for speaking of worlds. Union, because even if the Albanian leaders ders write. the way for it. This is a deeply counter- have provoked a short war between Libya and a revolutionary situation: 1) a crisis in the ru- When the bourgeois sociologists, og politci- omit to mention it, unlike China, the Soviet Do they consider the CPC to be swindling revolutionary logic, and the Albanian leaders' Egypt. They have directed Vietnam in attacking ling class which makes it unable to rule in the ans spoke of THE THIRD WORLD, this reflected Union DOES HAVE military forces in the Bal- *en they talk about the threat from the So- new attitude to this question is tragic for the Kampuchea. In addition, they have violated old way any longer, 2) that the oppressed mas- something that existed in reality. In the 50's kans. They have forces in Bulgaria and Hunga- viet Union? Or do they consider it a swindle to Albanian people. borders and held military manouvers against a ses no longer will let themselves be ruled in and early 60's, this term was used of the sup- ry. They send their navy through the Bosphorus defend national independence against the So- great number of countries all over the world. the old way, and 3) an extensive mass move- pressed countries in Asia, Africa and Latin (the straits between the Black Sea and the viet Union? Whether they mean the former og Time has not invalidated Hoxha's description ment against the ruling class, a movement America. These countries did not belong to the Mediterranean, ed.) and patrol the Mediterra- the latter, it is a calamitous distortion of the AGAINST THE VICTIMS of the Soviet Union. The comparison with Hit- that also embraces broad masses of people imperialist camp, nor to the socialist, and they nean and the Adriatic. They have agents all ituation in the world. ler Germany is still pertinent, and the peoples OF AGGRESSION who are normally passive. Is it possible to say had a great number of common features. over the Balkans who work to destroy the Bal- t On October 3rd, 1974, Enver Hoxha decla- of the world should realty «look out» and not that the ruling class in for instance Norway is After the counter-revolution in the Soviet kan countries' resistance from within. This is Fed. «Look out! US imperialism and Russian lend an ear to those who call black white and According to the Albanian leaders, it is a no longer able to rule in the old way? Or that Union and a great number of previously socia- the real threat to the Balkans. When China en- i mperialism are leading the world into a new the threat from the Soviet Union a «swindle». «swindle» to defend independence against we have the extensive mass movement Lenin list countries, the socialist camp broke up. In courages the Balkan countries to join forces viorld war, more terrible than the two first!» The Albanian leaders accuse China of allying social imperialism. They especially attack the speaks of? Far from it. To think so is purely this situation, Mao showed that there had de- against this threat, this is in the Balkan count- And he compared the Soviet Union to the most herself with US imperialism, and they say that victims of social imperialist aggression, such wishful thinking. Even though there is a crisis veloped a new division of the world. He held ries' own interest. aggressive imperialist power during the 2nd the CPC «demands» that the peoples of the as Zaire's Mobutu. Twice Zaire has been inva- and the ruling class do have certain problems, on to the FUNDAMENTAL DIVISION BETWEEN Once again, the Albanian leaders contradict World War, Nazi Germany: «The Kremlin sup- world put themselves under US imperialism. If ded by Soviet mercenaries, but according to the situation is far from revolutionary. To point OPPRESSORS AND THE OPPRESSED drawn up themselves. Not only China has stressed the presses and threatens them: — either you do they are so very sure of themselves, why don't the Albanian leaders, it is a crime to support this out is no «betrayal», but an objective by Lenin. He divided the imperialist countries importance of the Balkan peoples standing to- Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

CLASS STRUGGLE, Nov. 1979. 1 5

The former Mao Tsetung textile combine in Albania, an example of the vast economic aid given by the People's Republic of China. In their campaign against the CPC, the leaders of the PLA now denies the importance of this help. gether against aggression. In his speech of Oc- A COMPLETE BREAK delegation, but that he was unable to do so be- 7th congress, but when time comes for this ders do not consider China a «really socialist king masses have studied Marxist-Leninist tober 3rd, 1974, Hoxha said: «But the Balkan cause of illness, and sent a personal message subject to be broached, it will strengthen and country». (Incidentally, this also hits Korea classics and Chinese reality in order to get to people have learnt trom this (the undermining WITH LENINISM instead. Not to accept this is unheard of. But not weaken the claim that the congress was an and Kampuchea). The CPC had to consider this the bottom of the question. It is this settle- of the imperialists, ed.), and even if we dis- the Albanian leaders pretend not to know of attack on China and Mao Zedong. attack, and it is rather poor opportunism of ment the Albanian leaders have the gall to call agree on many questions, we have found and The Albanian attack on Mao's theory of the these difficulties and are very indignant that The Albanian leaders who are so ready to ac- the Albanian leaders to pretend that it was «illegal». In this fashion they not only support will continue to find a common language to re- three worlds is built on lies and distortions. In China could receive ukings and princes, reacti- cuse other countries of interfering, used their nothing of the kind. social imperialism on a global scale; they also sist the common danger». Now, the Albanian this fashion, they break with the entire onaries and fascists» during this period and own congress to «approve» and «reject» It was not until after this attack that China support the counter-revolutionaries in China leaders declare that any attempt to unite the Marxist-Leninist METHOD. They turn their guns not the delegation from the APA. We do not Marxist-Leninist parties in a number of count- made her first contribution to the debate. This who tried to use the «gang of four» to seize Balkan people against a common danger is a against the oppressed nations who fight for na- believe that the Albanian leaders are as stupid ries. And in the report they are no more mo- was an editorial from November 1st 1977. Ok- power in China and turn it into a fascist dicta- «threat» against peace. The only thing the tional independece from the super-powers, as they make out to be. They know perfectly dest than that they include some twenty «li- tober has also published this. Despite the Al- torship. The Albanian leaders' standpoint is in- Balkan peoples can threaten by standing toget- especially from social imperialism. And they well that these visits of state had a very diffe- nes of guidance» for Marxist-Leninist parties banian leaders' provocations, the CPC refrain- consequent: In the letter where they give indi- her against a common danger is, of course, the break with the Marxist-Leninist POINT OF rent character and were far easier to carry out. in other countries. Seldom the expression «to ed from characterising those who attacked the rect support to the «gang of four», they disas- Soviel plan of gaining domination over the Bal- VIEW. In the concrete war situation the peo- They also know just as well that an Albanian throw stones when sitting in a glass house» theory of the three worlds. They only presented sociate themselves from Mao Zedong. But the kans. They can oppose the Soviet troops in the ples of the world are in, the Albanian leaders party delegation in Beijing would have meant has fit better than when the Albanian leaders solid documentation of Mao's theory, where «gang of four» tried to proclaim themselves Balkans and stop Soviet from playing the diffe- use all their energy to hide social imperia- long and intense meetings with sharp discussi- accuse the CPC of behaving like a «mother they used arguments, statistics and references «Mao's rightful heirs». The whole illusion that rent countries of the Balkans against each ot- lism's crimes and deny the Soviet threat. At ons. Our knowledge of Mao's and Zhou's party» towards «daughter parties». to Marxist-Leninist theory, instead of the Alba- the «gang of four», unlike Hua Guofeng, is her. Whoever considers this negative, places the same time, they turn their main attack on health during this period tells us that it would After the 7th congress, the Albanian leaders nian leaders' abuse. For our part, we have pu- supposed to be «legal» heirs of Mao, is based himself on the side of the social imperialists. socialist China and use all their energy to blac- have been completely unpardonable to go worked behind the scenes to build up an inter- blished both the Albanian and the Chinese do- on the claim that they »followed Mao's politi- The Albanian leaders claim that China is be- ken the dictatorship of the proletariat in China through such a project at this time. We are national fraction of anti-Chinese opportunists. cuments, secure in our conviction that whoe- cal line». This is the political line the Albanian coming a super-power, and that her strategy and split it away from the peoples all over the shockes that the Albanian leaders refuse to ac- They used people like Ernst Aust in West Ger- ver reads them will know who is right and who leaders attack at all points and which they for this is to co-operate with the USA and the world. cept this but instead try to score cheap points many, whom they knew to be a supporter of is wrong. We asked the question: Have the Al- claim led to «the dictatorship of the bourgeoi- Soviet Union in order to get help to become a In this fashion, the Albanian leaders pursue by playing on the most difficult period in the the «gang of four», to organise so-called «in- banian leaders behaved correctly? Our answer sie» in China from 1971. This is how nonsensi- «third super-power». According to the Albani- the logic of all opportunists and render service modern history of China. ternational meetings». The contents of these must be: No, they have behaved as great sepa- cal the logic of opportunism is. an leaders, the two superpowers who today are to the class enemy. meetings were far mor open attacks on China rators and fractionists. aldready rivals to the bitter end in the fight for than Albania found it opportune to come with. Commentator world domination, happily wish a «super- But the meetings got much publicity in Alba- SUPPORT TO power rival» welcome, and even help it on! HAVE THE ALBANIAN nia, the PLA participated in some of them Apart from the fact that they naturally do not themselves and some of the counter- «THE GANG OF FOUR» put forward one singe) proof that China is im- On the break LEADERS revolutionary speeches of some of the parties AKP (m-1) breaks perialistic, the thought of how a super-power participating were circulated on a mass basis The Albanian leaders clam to have an «opinion develops is so far from anything called Leni- BEHAVED CORRECTLY? from Albanian ambassadors all over the world. on everything and every person or group» in with the Party of nism and common sense that it characterises between the Now the Albanian leaders try to dress up in the leadership of the CPC. En passant we must Labour of Albania itself. The Albanian leaders try to make the world be- their most innocent white and act indignant allow ourselves to congratulate the Albanian The Communist Party of China is supposed lieve that the CPC first went out and attacked that China can have imagined the PLA to be leaders on having acquired divine powers. To Members of AKP(m-l) to have «pressured» other parties to support PLA and the the Albanian party and not the other way attacking China. However, we are, to say the have an opinion on «everything and everybo- have voted on the PLA po- round. Lenin once used the expression «third their theory of the three worlds, and even to least, very little impressed. dy» without having been able to make thoro- licy and decided to break have put pressure on them to «unite with US rate petty-fogging» when speaking of cheating All thorugh the autumn of 1977, the Albani- ugh investigations is, of course, contrary to imperialism and world reaction». This is a CPC. that is so difficult to carry out that it exposes an press was full of indirect attacks on China, everything that has anything to do with marx- with that party. cold blooded lie. Let us take AKP(m-l), who itself. The question is whether the Albanian and this culminated in an editorial in Zeri i Po- ist materialism, but one must not have SUCH supports Mao's theory of the three worlds: Eve- leaders do not qualify for this characterisation pullit on July 7th 1977. Oktober has also pu- petty considerations. The leaders of the PLA ryone who bothers to examine the fact will But first a remark on the meetings the CPC is when they accuse China of having started the blished this, and everyone can see that this ar- The Albanian leaders declare that it is un- have supported the Viet- know that we decided to support it after open supposed to have postponed. We do not know dispute. ticle is an extensive and furious attack on Chi- true that they supported the «gang of four». discussions where thousands of members and why they did this, but we would like to remind Oktober, the Norwegian Marxist-Leninist pu- na. The editorial of July 7th is a programmed But in the same breath, they kill this assertion namese occupation of De- sympathisers took part. The party program is people of the fact that the period from 1974 blishing house, has published Hoxha's report and revisionist article where the Albanian par- by calling the leadership of the CPC «illegal». mocratic Kampuchea, formed by discussions at our summer camps to 1976 was a very difficult one in the history to the 7th party congress. Anyone who wishes, ty organ publicly condemns the most funda- This means that in reality they consider that supported other social im- and in program discussions. As early as 1974, of China. The «gang of four» were doing their can read many badly camouflaged attacks on mental principles of Marxism-Leninism. The the «gang of four» would have been a «legal» perialist offensives and the party rejected the attack from the revisio- sabotage, and they threatened with a counter- the CPC there. It is not written in so many supporters of the theory of the three worlds leadership, while it was «illegal» to overthrow nists on the theory of the three worlds. It wo- revolutionary coup. The great leaders, Mao Ze- words, but is plain enough for anyone who can are abused as traitors to the revolution, sup- them. But why do they try to hide the fact that dissociated itself from uld have been quite impossible for det CPC to dong and Zhou Enlai, were both very ill, and read. The report claims that Mao's theory of porters of imperialism, class collaborateurs they support the «gang of four» in this way? Marxism-Leninism Mao meddle in this process even if they wanted to, both died by the end of this period. The Alba- the three worlds helps to keep the oppressed etc. Still the Albanian leaders are indignant They do not dare supporting the «gang of Zedong thought. By doing and they have not done so. Has the theory of nian leaders choose high handedly to forget people down, that it conceals the class strugg- that the CPC can consider this an attack on four» openly because their revisionist policy is these things, the party the three worlds made us stop fighting the this. We consider it cynical and tasteless of le and serves imperialism. The fact that the China! The editorial also contained something so thoroughly exposed now, both in China and bourgeoisie? Why should the capitalists' main them to pretend to be unaware of these pro: names of neither Mao nor China are mentio- else that has escaped the notice of bourgeois the rest of the world. An open defence would has left the communist cooperator, the NAF (Norwegian Employees' blems. Our own experience tells us that the ned in this context changes nothing. It was commentators so far. It declared that: «A real- compromise the Albanian leaders themselves. world movement. Association) warn everybody of the AKP(M-L) if CPC had difficulties in carrying out discussi- quite correct of the CPC to consider this an at- ly socialist country cannot consider itself as The «gang of four» has been exposed tho- Thus, the break betwe- we wanted class co-opeeration? The claim is as ons at party level in this period. When the tack on themselves. belonging to such gourps as the so-called rugh broad mass discussions in China. Their en AKP( m-1) and the PLA nonsensical as it is untrue. AKP(m-I) sent a delegation to China, we knew At the moment we shall not consider the 'third world' or 'the unallied states' ...» This is political line has been thouroughly reviewed in that Zhou Enlai expressed a wish to meet the question of what happened on and around the a principle declaration that the Albanian lea- all fields, and both communists and the wor- is a fact. WUKIILX3 AMU urrift..N.Itu ur ALL btAin nIca, urn c: The Soviet provocations against Norway continue. In Class 12• 33' 3e' Struggle No. 1/78, we had a big article on the «Grey Zone Nettpublisering ved18* Forvaltningsorgan24' 27' for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012 Agreement», which entails Soviet supremacy within Norwegi- an waters. In the same issue, we also wrote about the Soviet helicopter base on Svalbard, which is clearly against Norwegi- NORDVEST•SPITSBERGEN an laws. NASJONALPARK On the 28th of August 1978, a Soviet military aircraft crashed at Hopen, an island to the South-West of Svalbard. The crew of seven was killed. The Soviet government immediately deman- NORDAUST•SVALBARD CLASS ST111111 ded that the remains of the aircraft should be handed over to NATURRESERVAT them, which the Norwegian government accepted to do, apart from the instrument that registers the aircraft's last operations: its speed, direction, altitude etc. 79 On the 9th of July 1979, Klassekampen could sum up the Prins crash at Hopen: Saris ..Kong'fr(1);Is..• • .• Lend Fdrland

Barents. ys FORLANDET. .NASJONALPARK No 2/79 Loaded with Machine B' Kr. 4,00• No. 14 — November 1979 .... .

SORAUST•SVALBARD Guns and Films NATURRESERVAT The Soviet military aircraft that Wrenskiold Mountain at Ho- 77. crashed at Hopen last August, pen, and the crash commission SOR•SPITSBERG N NASJONALPARK, SAMI PEOPLE. ON was on a steady course for Sval- supposes that there was a large bard when it hit the Wserenskiold amount of fuel on board the air- Mountain and exploded. craft. This crash at Hopen could have The faulty navigation that the been avoided if the aircraft had aircraft crash commission spe- SVALBARD taken a route four kilometers to aks about, was not only of a local 78' the South-West, it is said in the character. It is obvious that the 0 50 100 HUNGER STRIKE IN aircraft crash commission's re- aircraft was on a steady course KM port. The commission claims for Svalbard, and that the purpo- that the reason that the military se must have been illegal recon- Tupolev TU-16 aircraft crashed naissance over Norwegian terri- National parks. reserves 75' into the mountainside at Hopen tory. Plant reserves was faulty navigation. The report that the aircraft See pp. 8-9-10-11 The aircraft flew at an altitude crash commission has publis- 01-'5 Bird sanctuaries Oslo of only a few hundred meters hed, contains a preface which when it came over the island. states the reasons for the work QBjerneys There is nothing to suggest that of the commission. It appears the crew of the military aircraft from the report that co- was in any emergency situation. operation with the Soviet Union There could not have been fire has been difficult. It has taken a Important progress for on board the aircraft before it long time to clear up many ques- The aircraft crash happened al- while in air, and the aircraft ALSO IN crashed, either. The compass tions that could have been an- most at the same time that the crash commission found two gave the correct course, and the swered rather quickly. The air- Soviet radar base at Cape Heer double machine-guns with 23 registering unit had recorded a craft crash commission has be- was revealed. For many days, mm ammunition in its cham- THIS ISSUE: the revolutionaries in flight of 86 minutes' length been forced to find the answers on the situation was tense. The So- bers. fore the aircraft crashed into the its own. viet Union demanded that the The military aircraft had entire aircraft wreck should be loads of film on board, and it is municipal and country handed over, which the Norwe- obvious that this was a recon-P gian government granted after aircraft that would the aircraft crash commission film and take photographs of International See page 2 had inspected the spot. everything of interest for the So- elections The Soviet Union also deman- viet military command. Conference With a Steady Course ded that the registering unit After the aircraft crash at Ho- should be handed over. This de- pen last year, it has become ob- on Kampuchea mand was rejected. vious that Soviet military air- AKP(m-I) adopts new The Soviet aircraft, TU-16, craft have violated Norwegian for Svalbard was well equipped with radars. airspace territory several times. in Stocholm The aircraft could re-fill fuel P. 13 Military Programme See page 1 *** WHAT HAPPENED TO ilk SENIOR»? ****k NATIONAL BUDGET 1980: What happened to «Utvik Norway gets richer On Februaru 17th, 1978, a Norwegian fishing boat, «Utvik Seni- or» shipwrecked off the North Norwegian coast. 9 fishermen NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AUTHORITIES REJECT THE THEORY Senior»? you get poorer See page 4-5 died. This caused a lot of attention in Norway, partly because another fishing boat shipwrecked in the same area the year Norwegian authorities categorically refuse to probe the die- before. hard rumours that the ship was sunk by an unidentified — pro- BACK PAGE Since then, the families of the deceased and the people on bably Soviet — submarine, that collided and then continued its FINAL PARTS OF AKP(m-1 : Senja Island, «Utvik Senior ' 's home port, have met resistance voyage northwards along the Norwegian coast and later dis- from Norwegian authorities in their investigations to find the appeared. The Norwegian authorities do not see any connecti- ► reasons for these shipwrecks. on between these rumours and an episode in the waters off the ******** Finnmark Coast during the summer of '78: Then, Soviet ves- COLLISION WITH AN IRON VESSEL? COMMENTS on the sels were taken in Norwegian waters because they violated Another fishing boat situated quite close to « Utvik Senior» just the territorial borders. Norwegian fishermen filmed how the before the shipwreck, had radar observations of an unknown Soviet vessels lowered some objects up and down the ships' si- Klasse- iron vessel on a colliding course with «Utvik Senior.. Wrecka- des. «open letterD of the ge found long time later supports the theory that a Utvik Seni- Norwegian authorities accept the Soviet explanations that kampen or» was rammed by an unknown vessel. Neue Ziircher Zei- they were «getting rid of garbage.. tung, a Swiss newspaper, published material and analyses to Neue Ziircher Zeitung claims that these vessels were using on Trial CC of the PLA to the support this theory even more in September 1979. It poses the submarine cameras, sonar and geigers to search for a question about a Soviet submarine which, in fact, disappeared shipwrecked atomic submarine. in the same area in the period around the «Utvik Senior. shipwreck. CC of the CPC See page 14-15