Reality of Gravity-Like Fields? Part I: Recent
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© Mehtapress 2014 Journal of Print - ISSN : 2319–9814 Online - ISSN : 2319–9822 Space Exploration WWW.MEHTAPRESS.COM Full Paper Reality of gravity-like fields? Part I: Recent Walter Dröscher experiments that challenge current physics Institut für Grenzgebiete der Wisse- nschaft, 6010 Innsbruck, (AUSTRIA) Abstract PACS : 03.; 11.; 77.; 04.80 Cc In this paper a set of recent experiments/observations is presented that seem to indicate the existence of novel physics outside general relativity as well as the standard Received : June 10, 2014 model of particle physics and the standard model of cosmology. The approach chosen Accepted : July 25, 2014 in the present paper is unique, since the existence of new physics is based on various Published : August 08, 2014 experiments reported from widely different areas, and not a priori on the introduction of novel physical concepts. If confirmed, new concepts might be required and drastic extensions to current physics would become necessary, for instance, in form of novel *Corresponding author’s Name & gravity-like fields. Such fields could provide the basis for propellantless propulsion that Add. is, gravitational field propulsion might become a possibility. A total of eleven experiments both from cosmological observations and high particle physics has been Walter Dröscher identified that seem to require an extension of general relativity and also might Institut für Grenzgebiete der Wisse- contradict key predictions of the so called advanced physical theories like string nschaft, 6010 Innsbruck, theory, supersmmetry, or quantum gravity. The paper also discusses in how far the (AUSTRIA) existence of additional extreme gravitomagnetic and gravity-like fields outside general relativity together with novel types of matter is supported by experimental facts based on the results of three recent experiments that might have measured these extreme gravitomagnetic fields (see the in depth analysis of these experiments in the accompanying paper by J. Hauser in this special issue). Keywords Eleven experiments that challenge current physics; Three experiments for extreme gravitomagnetic fields and gravity-like fields in the laboratory and in space; Interaction between electromagnetism and gravity at cryogenic temperature; Three different types of gravitational fields; Novel experiments for gravity-like fields; Gravitational engineering. INTRODUCTION TO NOVEL PRINCIPLES practical propulsion system has come out of it. This OF PROPULSION PHYSICS holds true also for fission reactors to be used for space propulsion. Fusion is known for eight decades, but if Propulsion systems of today are based on the reaction the recent article by Moyer[2] turns out to be correct, principle, and thus rely on fuel, as already envisioned the future of fusion as an unlimited energy source is by W. von Braun in 1952 in his famous Collier’s highly questionable. [1] Magazine article . Nothing has changed since that In general the combined mass of fuel and propulsion time. As a consequence fuel mass is much larger than structure is much larger than the payload, and thus all payload mass, if high thrust levels are required. For these systems are severely limited by basic physics. instance, in chemical propulsion, payload is only Any space vehicle launched must overcome the about 1% of the total mass. So called advanced gravitational field of the Earth, whose governing law propulsion techniques, like solar sails or antimatter was already established by Isaac Newton in 1687[51]. propulsion are subject to severe physical limitations, To achieve the goal of game changing technology and, though the physical principle of these techniques and/or green energy generation, novel physical laws in has been known for more than six decades, no JSE, 3(2), 2014 Full Paper the form of additional long range forces will be needed, as their technical implications can be found in the based on new, additional fundamental scientific recent book by G. Daigle[13]. principles by extending, but not by overthrowing, EHT gives rises to six fundamental forces, three of established physical theories. The experiments of the them are of gravitational nature, and thus could lead extreme gravitomagnetic fields that could provide the to a novel type of propulsion without propellant, physical basis of such a novel propulsion scheme are termed field propulsion, a term already coined in 1960 discussed in[10]. Both, the present paper and the by Corliss. The field responsible for propulsion companion paper, are excerpts of our forthcoming would be a gravity-like field, produced through an book entitled Introduction to Physics and Astrophysics interaction of electromagnetism and gravity. The [3] of Gravity-Like Fields that will deal in detail with the gravitational particles produced in this interaction are physics of gravity-like fields as well as their impact on supposed to impact both the space vehicle and both the standard model of particle physics and surrounding spacetime. It should be understood that cosmology as well as on novel technology in the form spacetime is directly connected with the dark energy of gravitational engineering. field, i.e., dark energy is assumed to be produced Earlier experimental results on the existence of exclusively in conjunction with the dynamic evolution gravitational shielding, in particular those by a of the spacetime lattice as discussed in[3] and also in[14]. Russian scientist, could not be substantiated. In other words, there is no spacetime without dark However, in 2006, experimental results published by [4] energy and vice versa. Hence spacetime (i.e., the Tajmar et al. then at AIT (Austrian Institute of combination of spacetime and associated dark energy) Technology), claimed the generation of laboratory can be considered an active physical field that carries produced extreme gravitomagnetic and gravity-like both momentum and energy (perhaps also angular (acceleration) fields. In the following years, numerous momentum), and thus is capable of interacting with a additional experiments were published by Tajmar et space vehicle. This means that in field propulsion the al.[5-7] and in 2007 an experiment by Graham et al.[8] combination of rocket mass and fuel mass is replaced was also published. However, in November 2011 by interaction of the novel gravity-like fields Tajmar[9] presented additional experiments with data (postulated by EHT which, however, are clearly that were only about 1% of the previously measured outside GR), of space vehicle and spacetime, but gravitomagnetic field strengths, and thus fell in the noise level of the gyroscope. Driven by a lack of conservation laws are strictly obeyed. physical explanation for the substantial reduction in One of the hopeful aspects of the new signal strength, M. Tajmar re-interpreted all of his gravitomagnetic field experiments would be that until results as acoustic vibrations (but did not recant or recently gravitation could only be observed, but not retract any of his measurements as was incorrectly experimented on in any controlled fashion. In claimed by a U.S. scientist). By contrast, the CERN gravitomagnetic experiments, gravity-like superluminal neutrino data[11,12] had to be retracted in (acceleration) fields might be producible in the 2012, because of measurement errors. In addition, laboratory. In other words, there could be Graham et al. classified their results as null results, experimental evidence that long-range force fields because of insufficient statistics. In the following, other than Newtonian gravitation and these experiments will be re-evaluated, and physical electromagnetic fields might exist. arguments, based on the existence of extreme The technology of gravitational engineering would be gravitomagentic fields will be presented, in order to far superior compared to chemical propulsion, not consistently explain these hitherto contradictory only because it is propellantless, but the level of observations. technical complexity would be much lower, leading The physical ideas of a classification scheme for all to substantially safer and more efficient propulsion as particles and interactions that exist in physics, termed well as huge cost savings. Once the underlying Extended Heim Theory (EHT), are briefly presented physics is understood, gravitational engineering could (see also[14], for details see[3]) and subsequently utilized become a market of almost no limits. to analyze these experiments as well as to explain In addition to the gravitomagnetic experiments, in their physical implications[52]. order to demonstrate that current physics is far from An excellent non-mathematical introduction to being complete, a set of eleven recent experiments has extreme gravitomagnetic and gravity-like fields as well been identified, presented in the next section, that FP 140 Full Paper JSE, 3(2), 2014 challenge the fundamental assumptions of modern ideas in theoretical physics and cosmology, developed physics and cosmology. For instance, these over the last four decades. They may need to be experiments sometimes seem to confirm GR (general relegated to the realm of pure mathematics, if the relativity), while sometimes there seems to be a Universe is found to be constructed in a different way. contradiction. Furthermore, there are recent Finally, the extensive computer simulations experimental data that indicate that the more (considered to be experiments) of Loll, Ambjorn et advanced concepts in physics like string theory, al.[22-24] seem to indicate a de Sitter topology[25-28] for the quantum gravity,