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Royal Footsteps Along the Kona Coast Points of Interest Along Ali`I Drive Corridor Management Plan Chapter 3; Page 35 Points Of

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Royal Footsteps Along the Kona Coast Points of Interest Along Ali`I Drive Corridor Management Plan Chapter 3; Page 35 Points Of Points of Interest Along Ali`i Drive This Chapter of the Corridor Management Plan highlights points of interests along Ali`i Drive. A total to thirty different sites and features are noted. Twenty‐five of these are specific sites directly along the corridor; five are identified as “side trip,” as they are near, but not on the corridor. Finally, there are references to ahupua`a markers, the geographic boundary markers that identified land units from the historic Hawaiian times. The listing of sites is in a north to south order and is grouped together; these are followed by the side trips, also in a north to south listing. As noted, many of the sites are significant archaeological and historic features, recognized on the State and national registers. Themes of Archaeology/Historic Preservation in Kona Archaeological features and historic sites once covered much of the Kailua to Keauhou section of the Kona Coast. With the urbanization of the area, this pattern has changed. Historic preservation laws did not come into place until the early 1970s. Development prior to that time was focused in the core of Kailua Village and mostly seaward of Ali`i Drive. This development proceeded without archaeological survey and many historic sites were destroyed in these years, with records being only brief survey work. Since the early 1970s, most developments have been preceded by archaeological surveys, and in the late 1980s, these increased in number and quality with a resurgence of development. Only a few areas in Kailua Village lack survey at this point. New archaeological surveys are finding some house sites, temporary camps (in caves and in small surface shelters), burials and informal fields inland of Ali`i Drive, which date to the A.D. 1200s‐1700s. The State Historic Preservation Division’s policy is to preserve the best examples of sites in a region related to different themes. A theme being preserved in northern Kona is that of Royal Centers. At Hōlualoa, the Historic District and heiau are part of the Keolonahihi State Historical Park and the royal residential area of the ruler Keakamahana and her daughter, the ruler Keakealaniwahine, is owned by the State. The Royal Center theme is also reflected at Kailua Village for parts of Kamehameha’s residence at Kamakahonu (restored in the 1970s on the grounds of the King Kamehameha's Kona Beach Hotel. Kamakahonu is a National Historic Landmark. The structures remaining include `Ahu`ena heiau, which has a reconstructed thatched building on it, and the mortuary platform of Kamehameha. Royal Centers are also found at Kahalu`u and Keauhou. In these areas, extensive restoration has occurred in the past couple of years on several of the heiau. Another theme relates to the time of Kuakini, the dynasty that followed the Kamehameha dynasty. Royal Footsteps Along the Kona Coast Points of Interest Along Ali`i Drive Corridor Management Plan Chapter 3; Page 35 Hulihe`e Palace was built for Kuakini in 1837. This structure is restored and run by the Daughters of Hawai`i. Under Kuakini's sponsorship, the missionaries’ first stone church (Mokuaikaua) was constructed in 1837, directly across the road from the palace. Historic Preservation Planning Historic preservation planning needs for future development and for general planning related to historic preservation primarily fall into two areas for Kailua Village. Because of the importance of the Kailua area, it is vital that future development be preceded by archaeological inventory survey to determine if important (significant) historic sites are present. If such sites are present, then mitigation will be needed before development. This might take the form of archaeological data recovery ‐ more intensive archaeological work to recover the basic information from the sites and better interpret Kailua’s history. Such interpretation will help better present the history of the area to Kailua’s residents and schoolchildren, as well as to visitors. Mitigation might also take the form of preservation. Interpretive preservation might be needed for any elite housing sites that are found (as part of the Royal Center theme), for sites related to the theme of Kuakini's time or for sites related to the time of the late 1800s and early 1900s. The Kailua Village community at large must be aware of the needs to keep the important archaeological and historical sites maintained and well interpreted. As a tourist center, this is doubly important, for visitors come to see historic sites and activities of the Hawaiian culture, as well as the sun and scenic natural environment. State historic preservation laws are found in Chapter 6E of the Hawai`i Revised Statutes. The main federal laws that are used often in historic preservation include the following: Law Acronyms Focus Section 106 consultations and National National Historic Preservation Act NHPA Register nominations Native American Grave Protection and Preservation and protection of human NAGPRA Repatriation Act bones, and associated artifacts Archaeological Resources Protection Act ARPA Vandalism and other criminal activity The following list notes several of the sites on the State and National Registers. Following that are summaries of the points of interest along Ali`i Drive and their intrinsic qualities. Royal Footsteps Along the Kona Coast Points of Interest Along Ali`i Drive Corridor Management Plan Chapter 3; Page 36 List of Sites and Notation of Those on State and National Registers Site Royal Footsteps Sites Existing Jurisdiction State National Archaeological Register Register/ Site Number (date) Landmark (date) 01 Kailua Seawall County Public Works/ (DLNR‐Pier) 02 Pa o `Umi DLNR 03 Hulihe`e Palace DLNR/Daughters of 02/21/81 05/25/73 10 28 7001 Hawaii 04 Mokuaikaua Church Mokuaikaua Church 01/12/78 10/03/78 10 28 7231 05 Hale Halawai County Parks 06 Ōneo Bay County Public Works 07 Wai`aha Beach Park County Parks 08 Kahului Bay County Public Works 09 Hale Halawai O DLNR/Living Stones 11/26/86 06/05/87 10 37 7234 Hōlualoa Church 10 Puapua`a County Parks/Kona Bali Kai 11 Hōlualoa Bay County Public Works 12 Hōlualoa Royal Center State Parks/Betty 11/02/77 07/14/83 10 37 2059 Kanuha Foundation 08/02/03 06/08/05 10 37 23661 13 Judd Trail Na Ala Hele/Royal Alii PUD 14 Pāhoehoe Beach Park County Parks 15 La`aloa Bay Beach Park County Parks 16 La`aloa County Parks 17 Ku`emanu Heiau County Parks 18 St Peter’s Catholic St Peters Catholic Church Church 19 Kahalu`u Bay Beach County Parks 12/27/74 10 37 4150 * Park 20 Helani Church/ Mokuaikaua Church Ōhi'amukumuku 21 Hāpaiali'i & Ke`ekū Keauhou Resort 12/27/74 10 37 4150 * Heiau 22 Makolea Heiau Keauhou Resort 12/27/74 10 37 4150 * 23 Heritage Corridor Keauhou Resort Overlook 24 Royal Hōlua Slide Keauhou Resort 12/29/62 10 37 1669 25 Lekeleke Burial Keauhou Resort/Royal Order of 08/13/74 10 37 1745 Grounds Kamehameha I Ahupua`a Markers S‐1 Kamakahonu King Kamehameha Hotel 07/17/93 12/29/62 10 27 7002 S‐2 Ahuena Heiau King Kamehameha 07/17/93 12/29/62 10 27 7002 Hotel/ Ahuena Inc S‐3 Keauhou Bay Keauhou Resort S‐4 Kamehameha III Keauhou Resort/ 01/13/78 07/24/78 10 37 4383 Birthsite Daughters of Hawaii * Part of the Kahalu`u Historic District (District w/multiple sites) Royal Footsteps Along the Kona Coast Points of Interest Along Ali`i Drive Corridor Management Plan Chapter 3; Page 37 Royal Footsteps Along the Kona Coast Points of Interest Along Ali`i Drive Corridor Management Plan Chapter 3; Page 38 Royal Footsteps – Site – 01 Kailua Seawall Intrinsic Qualities: Archaeological, Historic, Recreational (The following, in part, is taken from DLNR and DLNR‐SHPD Hibbard; further citations of these are in Appendix A‐References.) The entry to Historic Kailua Village begins on Ali`i Drive where its oceanfront promenade offers sweeping vistas of Kailua Bay, from Kamakahonu and Kailua Pier to Hulihe`e Palace. This expanse holds significant archaeology, legendary treasures and historical sites. A small beach is a fragment of a series of much larger white sand beaches that once lined the entire bay, making this area a favorite fishing, surfing, swimming and canoeing spot for early Hawaiians. That white sand still exists under the asphalt pavement and concrete seawall first built in 1900 and subsequently rebuilt after World War II. Pa o `Umi, a small point of land located between Kamakahonu and Hulihe'e Palace, marks the location of residential spot of the ruler `Umi, who moved the island’s royal court from Waipi`o to Kailua, circa A.D. 1490‐1525. The ancient Royal Center at Kamakahonu, which served as Hawai`i’s first capital, where King Kamehameha ruled the kingdom from 1812‐1819, once supported a compound of hale (thatched houses), fishponds and farm plots. (Site # S‐1) Kailua Pier has anchored the village since the early 1900s. Once the center of transportation and shipping where paniolo (Hawaiian cowboys) loaded cattle, Kailua Pier now serves as a hub for ocean activities and gathering place for fishing and ocean recreation enthusiasts, whether charter boat fishing, whale watching, undersea exploration, cruises, snorkeling and/or other pastimes. Royal Footsteps Along the Kona Coast Points of Interest Along Ali`i Drive Corridor Management Plan Chapter 3; Page 39 Today, the bay and pier host multiple and diverse community and sporting events. The popular Queen Lili`uokalani Long Distance Outrigger Canoe Races are the world's largest long distance outrigger canoe races. The Hawaiian International Billfish Tournament has held its annual event here since 1959. Signage marks the start and finish line of the Ironman Triathlon World Championship where every October over 1,700 athletes electrify the crowds watching this grueling swim‐ bike‐run long distance event.
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