th 38 MODEL OAS GENERAL ASSEMBLY FOR th th 38 MOAS/HS HIGH SCHOOLS (38 MOAS/HS) November 15th, 2019 November 13-15, 2019 Original: English Washington, DC
FINAL BOOK OF RESOLUTIONS RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE STUDENTS ATTENDING THE 38th MODEL OAS GENERAL ASSEMBLY FOR HIGH SCHOOLS
Office of the Assistant Secretary General Organization of American States Washington, D.C.
38th MODEL OAS GENERAL ASSEMBLY FOR HIGH SCHOOLS (38th MOAS/HS) November 13-15, 2019 – Washington, DC
INDEX
GENERAL COMMITTEE
No. Title Page
GC-1-a THE ROLE OF THE OAS IN STRENGTHENING PEACE AND SECURITY, PREVENTING CONFLICTS, 2 AND RESOLVING DISPUTES.
GC-1-b CHALLENGES TO THE STRENGTHENING AND DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTORAL PROCESSES IN 4 THE REGION.
GC-1-c THE BENEFITS OF SOFTWARE GENERATION FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF ELECTORAL TECHNICAL 6 COOPERATION IN THE AMERICAS. GC-2-a EFFORTS TO BROADEN THE MODEL INTER- AMERICAN LAW ON ACCESS TO PUBLIC 8 INFORMATION.
GC-2-b INITIATIVES TO RESPOND TO NON- COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (NCDS) THAT 10 INCLUDE NEW AVENUES FOR COLLABORATION BEYOND THE HEALTH SECTOR.
GC-2-c THE ROLE OF THE YOUTH IN PREVENTING NCDS. 13
COMMITTEE ON JURIDICAL AND POLITICAL AFFAIRS
No. Title Page
CAJP-1-a ACCESSIBILITY OF CIVIL REGISTRATION AND 16 THE RIGHT TO IDENTITY
CAJP-1-b PROMOTION OF CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN 18 ELECTIONS
CAJP-1-c INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL COOPERATION 20 THROUGH THE LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN COUNCIL FOR CIVIL REGISTRATION, IDENTITY AND VITAL STATISTICS
CAJP-2-a PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF MIGRANTS TO NON-DISCRIMINATION, PERSONAL LIBERTY, DUE PROCESS, JUDICIAL PROTECTION, SPECIAL 22 PROTECTION FOR THEIR FAMILIES AND CHILDREN
CAJP-2-b PROMOTION OF POLITICAL RIGHTS OF 24 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
CAJP-2-c MEASURES TO PROTECT THE PHYSICAL 26 INTEGRITY OF HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS
COMMITTEE ON HEMISPHERIC SECURITY
No. Title Page
CHS-1-a HEMIPHERIC STRATEGIES FOR THE REDUCTION 29 OF HOMICIDE IN MEMBER STATES.
CHS-1-b BEST PRACTICES TO REDUCE HARMFUL OR HIGH-RISK ALCOHOL USE IN THE GENERAL 32 POPULATION.
CHS-1-c EFFORTS TO REDUCE TOBACCO USE AMONG 35 STUDENTS.
CHS-2-a EFFORTS TO ENHANCE SECURITY IN THE ISSUANCE AND CONTROL OF TRAVEL AND 37 IDENTITY DOCUMENTS ON THE PART OF THE OAS MEMBER STATES.
CHS-2-b STRATEGIES AIMED AT STRENGTHENING THE CAPACITY OF MEMBER STATES TO BETTER 39 PREPARE TO RESPOND TO POTENTIAL TERRORIST THREATS.
CHS-2-c WORK PLAN TO COMBAT TRAFFICKING IN 42 PERSONS.
ii INTER-AMERICAN COUNCIL ON INTEGRAL DEVELOPMENT
No. Title Page
CIDI-1-a SOLUTIONS FOR BUILDING MORE RESILIENT 45 CITIES TO WATER CHALLENGES.
CIDI-1-b CHALLENGES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INTER-AMERICAN PLAN FOR DISASTER 47 PREVENTION AND RESPONSE
CIDI-1-c IMPLEMENTATION OF SOUND ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL POLICIES IN ORDER TO DEEPEN 49 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITH EQUITY. CIDI-2-a ADVANCING HEMISPHERIC EFFORTS ON CIVIC 51 EDUCATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE INTER AMERICAN EDUCATION AGENDA (IEA).
CIDI-2-b PROMOTION OF NATIONAL AND REGIONAL EFFORTS TO ACHIEVE BETTER COORDINATION BETWEEN MINISTRIES OF EDUCATION AND 53 LABOR TO ADDRESS THE CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE OF WORK.
CIDI-2-c CALLENGES TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INTER-AMERICAN PROGRAM FOR THE PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF THE HUMAN 55 RIGHTS OF MIGRANTS, INCLUDING MIGRANT WORKERS AND THEIR FAMILIES.
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
No. Title Page
SC-1-a EFFORTS TO IMPROVE THE CAPACITY OF MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSME) TO PROMOTE THEIR PRODUCTIVITY, INNOVATION 58 AND COMPETITIVENESS THROUGH TECHONOLGY.
SC-1-b IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MOBILITY AND TRAINING PROGRAM FOR ENGINEERS IN THE 60 AMERICAS (FINAM).
iii SC-1-c PROMOTING THE REGIONALIZATION OF INITIATIVES AIMED AT STRENGTHENING INSTITUTIONS, HUMAN RESOURCES TRAINING, AND COLLABORATION BETWEEN THE QUALITY 62 INFRASTRUCTURE COUNCIL FOR THE AMERICAS (QICA) AND THE INTER-AMERICAN COMPETITIVENESS NETWORK (RIAC).
SC-2-a BEST PRACTICES TO FOSTER THE EXISTENCE OF APPROPRIATE TELECOMMUNICATIONS/ICTS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE INTEGRAL 64 DEVELOPMENT PROCESS IN THE REGION, WITH PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO UNDERSERVED AREAS.
SC-2-b THE IMPACT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS ON THE 66 ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE.
SC-2-c PROMOTING THE USE AND APPROPRIATION OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS/ICTS IN THE REGION, 68 PARTICULARLY BY WOMEN, GIRLS, AND PEOPLE WITH SPECIAL NEEDS.
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38th MODEL OAS GENERAL ASSEMBLY FOR HIGH SCHOOLS
BOOK OF RESOLUTIONS
GENERAL COMMITTEE
GC 1-a
THE ROLE OF THE OAS IN STRENGTHENING PEACE AND SECURITY, PREVENTING CONFLICTS, AND RESOLVING DISPUTES
Resolution Presented by Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, Argentina, The Bahamas, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, and Mexico
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
BEARING IN MIND that strengthening peace and security, preventing conflicts, and resolving disputes are among the essential purposes of the OAS, as established in the OAS Charter, which indicates that controversies between two or more American States shall be settled through peaceful procedures, under international law, and the treaties in force;
BEING AWARE OF resolution AG/RES. 1756 (XXX-O/00) Fund for Peace: Peaceful Settlement of Territorial Disputes, which was established to assist in the costs of proceedings previously agreed to by the Member States;
TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION that education mitigates inequality, boosts economies, strengthens human rights, and acknowledges its potential to be used as a means of strengthening democracy;
EMPHASIZING that territorial and border disputes can be a barrier to economic, social development, and have the potential of leading to armed conflict;
RECOGNIZING that each country has different protocols set in place regarding terrorism and immigration policies;
RESOLVES:
1. To suggest that time be set aside at the Summit of Americas to hold an annual protocolary meeting in order to discuss the strengthening of peace and security, preventing conflicts, and resolving disputes by, a. Taking into consideration that Member States’ conflicts are dynamic. 2. To encourage Member States to use the Peace Fund as a financial tool in order to resolve conflicts by, a. Highlighting to Member States the ability of the Peace Fund to work as a conflict resolution mechanism through direct negotiation, mediation, investigation, judicial settlement, arbitration, and any other mechanism to which the Parties jointly agree. 3. To continue providing guidance through which Member States can educate their youth by, a. Creating an education program which focuses on raising awareness about past issues to prevent future conflicts. b. Advocating for governments to include social awareness aspects in their individual education ministries as a means of highlighting how disputes can be peacefully resolved, i. Through the spread of peace-based knowledge in academics and pedagogical institutions in the form of conferences, studies, and workshops. 2 4. To explore the possibility of a “Permission Assurance Pledge” by, a. Creating an exploratory commission that will examine this pledge’s effectiveness and potential impact.
i. The goal of this Pledge would be to have Member States’ compliance demonstrate their commitment to respecting national land, sea, and air borders.
5. To strengthen the immigration and travel policies of Member States by, a. Encouraging Member States to require travel documents and identity cards in all forms of travel.
3 GC-1-b
CHALLENGES TO THE STRENGTHENING AND DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTORAL PROCESS IN THE REGION
Resolution presented by the Delegations of: Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St. Kitts and Nevis
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
EMPHASIZING the importance of fair elections in the maintenance of true Democracy,
RECOGNIZING the growing amount of corruption in Latin American governments while referring to the Lima Commitment;
ACKNOWLEDGING that all member states may have different policies, positions and laws in relation to electoral processes;
HAVING SEEN the devastating effects of these legislations (such as vast amounts of poverty, coercion, and warfare) and implementing the objectives of the Inter-American Democratic Charter, Chapter V;
BEARING IN MIND the Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation and its work to strengthen the OAS electoral observation;
RESOLVES:
1. To strengthen and further develop the electoral processes in the Americas by educating citizens about the importance of suffrage and democracy, reminding citizens that each and every individual vote has value; a. Promoting partnerships with the Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation and nongovernmental institutions throughout the Americas b. Promoting investments in technology to improve the efficiency and transparency of electoral processes and reduce the possibility of fraud and ballot manipulation throughout the Americas in collaboration with The Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation by running pilots with the implementation of electronic machines that produce paper ballots. Also promoting horizontal collaboration with countries that faced similar challenges in the progressive transition into a more technological electoral process. 2. To foster and improve accessibility to voting by guaranteeing inclusion of all marginalized groups: a. Promoting assistance to disadvantaged, including people with sensory impairments, elders, pregnant mothers, mental disabilities, etc. voters via transportation and accessible voting ballots b. Ensuring inclusivity of all of the region’s languages, including dialects and indigenous languages, in informational videos on politics, candidates and the voting process. 4 c. Encouraging the establishment of Election Day as a national holiday and placing it on a day of the week that is more accessible for voters. d. Promoting the proliferation of voting locations in rural and isolated communities. 3. To champion the fight against corruption by encouraging transparency and openness in the election process throughout the Americas with special consideration to the release of electoral information and anti-corruption NGOs. a. Promoting the live and immediate release of electoral statistics and polling information through the use of telecommunications including but not limited to broadband radio, network television, and social media. b. Promoting the involvement of the OAS and other watchdog organizations, such as Transparency International, in the electoral process through consistent audits and thorough monitoring in the participating nation’s respective general elections. 4. To encourage the establishment of citizen discussion centers and public forums where proper and civil political and realistic discourse can take place a. Promote Professor James Fishkin’s experiment to attain the public opinion before `creating a governmental plan. The result of the experiment will show the real needs of the people involved, expressing the real problems and giving the politicians a notion of the real situation. b. Advocating politicians consider the needs of the people before making decisions, when going to the parliament, consider the opinion of the people represented
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CG-1-c
THE BENEFITS OF SOFTWARE GENERATION FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF ELECTORAL TECHNICAL COOPERATION IN THE AMERICAS
Resolution presented by the Delegations of Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Trinidad and Tobago, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, United States of America, Uruguay, and Venezuela
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
BEARING IN MIND Articles 1, 7, and specifically 23 of the Inter-American Democratic Charter signed in 2001 which promote the strengthening and proper use of the democratic process, while enabling the member states to request counseling and aid from the OAS to ensure transparent and democratic elections;
REAFFIRMING the influence globalization and the massive influx of technology in recent years has on the creation and definition of “software generation” as that of machinery which surpasses human abilities;
RECOGNIZING the involvement of millions of people of the Americas in the process of human migration;
NOTING that nations of the OAS, each within their sovereign borders, face technological challenges related, but not limited to: cybersecurity that may influence governmental policies and their economies, a lack of technological understanding that hinders the implementation of electoral technology, and the difficulties member states may face with funding of said technological advances;
ACKNOWLEDGING the limitations and benefits to software generation, the OAS member states emphasize the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals of Peace, Justice, and Strong Institution as the basis for good governance;
RESOLVES:
1. To promote the establishment of an independent bipartisan organization within the member states’ governments dedicated to the transparent democratic processes of elections. a. To encourage the centralization of electoral processes to facilitate monitoring and audits, b. To support an annual meeting where regional electoral commissioners present information of successes and setbacks, i. Reporting regional situations to the General Secretariat to later be shared at the Summit of the Americas, c. To create and issue IDs for voting residents in the case that they do not already have pre-existing IDs that can be used for voting, i. Registering voters that fit the residency and voting requirements of each member state,
6 1. Ensuring the extension of the registration deadline and accessibility to eligible voters, ii. To organize voters into sectors and “voting locations” that are representative of the percentage of regional registered voters 1. Validating the digital documentation by keeping an updated physical record of each registered voter, 2. To gradually establish a secure electronic voting platform, a. Encouraging the adoption of the Automated Monitored Electoral Voting System (also known as SAFE in Spanish), i. Supporting the use of modern voting machines such as British-manufactured Smartmatic with the purpose of facilitating the vote casting and counting processes, 1. Providing each machine with the ability to print an anonymous receipt with the purpose of physically backing up the digital vote, ii. Requiring both the physical and electronic votes to match prior to the recognition of the election as legitimate and definitive, 3. To partner with nonprofit organizations like the International Foundation for Electoral Systems and The Carter Center a. Utilizing their resources including, but not limited to: monetary donations to fund the establishment of software in electoral processes, b. Securing member states’ networks from cyberattacks by utilizing the organizations’ databases and cyber intelligence experts, 4. To empower citizens of the member states with the hope that it will influence them to vote in the upcoming elections, a. Influencing the upcoming generation through various online platforms that can be used to promote voting using the new electronic voting system, b. Recognizing that the specific form of advertisement and social awareness is to be determined by each country’s jurisdiction, 5. To educate the citizens of each country to effectively use the electoral voting machines, a. Cooperating with the OAS program School of Governance to equip eligible volunteers so that they can facilitate voting and guide voters with the use of the electronic system, 6. To recommend a center of voting in each country to facilitate and establish a transparent and secure platform for migrants that have difficulties with voting outside of their country, a. Establishing electronic devices to transfer migrant voting from other countries to the migrant’s national center of voting, i. Recognizing that usage of electronic devices to transfer votes helps the voting process economically. b. Establishing centres of migrant voting specifically during electoral crisis i. Supporting the migrant voters by respecting their right to vote for their government.
7 GC-2-a
EFFORTS TO BROADEN THE MODEL INTER-AMERICAN LAW ON ACCESS TO PUBLIC INFORMATION
Resolution presented by the delegations of: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Barbados, Belize, United States, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
ALARMED that the corruption index in the Americas is reaching the lowest scores, possibly because of the lack of government intervention regarding the education system;
TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION the limited access to information in rural areas in comparison with urban areas in the American region;
BEARING IN MIND the numerous fraudulent electoral process, that is mostly caused by non-informed citizens and the fact that society is not aware of several constitutional affairs;
RECORDING THAT Many public institutions or even governments in our societies in the past have concealed information, applications or updates of false information, this issue could attract problems or crimes regarding corruption and propaganda, which could shift the perceptions of each citizen and could lead to the election of corrupt officials.
REAFFIRMING the importance of the Model Inter-American Law1 on Access to Public Information in the promotion of access to public information, as well as the role of the member states, the General Secretariat of the Organization of American States, and civil society and other social actors in implementing the Model Law;
RESOLVES:
1. To suggest the implementation of the “Information4All” plan which will focus on the access to information for all the population; a. In order to achieve this, it will be necessary to work with the local telecommunication companies, in order to have an information network, b. It will build an infrastructure to provide a wider range of communication, moreover, this plan will be financed by each country that wants to adopt;
2. To ensure that all positions regarding access to public information are remaining professional in order to prevent corrupt acts; a. Implementing full-time positions that receive fixed salaries to increase the level of commitment and simultaneously decreasing the risk of corruption or bribery, b. Drawing funds from NGOs that support access to information i. Such as the Carter Center and Centre for Law and Democracy
8 c. Choosing these positions through votes by the people in order to avoid corruption and bribery among government officials;
3. To recommend the implementation of awareness campaigns regarding the electoral process; a. The information provided through these campaigns will be mostly spreading awareness how an informed vote can change the actual situation of a nation, b. These campaigns will be financed by each country that wants to adopt;|
4. To propose meetings and discussions about the threat that corruption brings to human rights and citizen’s access to information; a. At the Summit of the Americas there should be a section directed towards a goal of eliminating corruption in the information sector of the government, b. Scheduling annual check-ins to ensure that countries are remaining honest;
9 GC-2-b
“INITIATIVES TO RESPOND TO NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (NCDS) THAT INCLUDE NEW AVENUES FOR COLLABORATION BEYOND THE HEALTH SECTOR.”
Resolution presented by: Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and Saint Kitts and Nevis.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION the increase on the number of deaths related to non- communicable diseases in the Americas, which represent up to 80% of all deaths, 36% of them being in people under 70 years old and the impact of social determinants on the arousal of NCDs, increasing the amount of these in economically and socially vulnerable populations;
BEARING IN MIND that the prevention and control of these illnesses require the collaboration of both the government and society as a whole and that each member state may have different circumstances relating to affordability and accessibility of ways to prevent and control non-communicable diseases;
GUIDED BY the necessity for action and coordination beyond the health sector in efforts to reduce the impact of NCDs by controlling their main risk factors including physical inactivity, harmful use of alcohol, unhealthy diets, and tobacco use;
ACKNOWLEDGING that the burden presented by non-communicable diseases to the development of the hemisphere and the economic and social burden they pose on the region can be largely reduced through the cooperation of the member states, international organizations and other non-governmental entities through the promotion of inclusive prevention and control interventions across all sectors of society and government;
RECOGNIZING resolutions AG/RES. 2919 (XLVIII-O/18), A/RES/64/265, A/RES/73/2, and A/65/L.50, as well as the political commitments, declared in the Declaration Of Commitment: Strengthening Prevention And Control Of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) Through Cooperative Action Of The Inter- American System, in 2015, the Declaration of Port of Spain during the Fifth Summit of the Americas, in 2009, the United Nations High Level Meeting on NCD Prevention and Control, in 2011, as well as the endorsement of a regional NCD Plan of Action by the ministers of health of the region in 2013, which are regarding the control and prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases,
RESOLVES:
1. To emphasize the importance of nutritional transparency between the communication of producers and consumers, by: a. Promoting integrity and the disclosure of ingredients, especially those that present potentially harmful additives for consumers; 10 b. Requesting the translucent labeling of retail food products to inform consumers of their effects on health;
2. To advocate for dialogue regarding health regulations of products between industries and state governments as a way of compromise, by: a. Engaging the use of fiscal measures and negotiation between all actors involved to reduce taxes when nutritional criteria is satisfied; b. Placing small taxes on unhealthy products such as: i. containing tobacco; ii. containing alcohol; iii. containing nicotine; iv. excessively high in sugar concentration; v. excessively high in sodium concentration;
3. To promote effective health education surrounding the risk factors of NCDs and how youth may avoid interaction with those risk factors; a. Stressing the importance of youth access and education regarding the importance of a healthy lifestyle and the negative effects of neglecting one’s personal health; b. Incentivizing healthful habits within youth populations to avoid NCD risk factors from an early age and promote the reeducation of future generations for a prosperous future in human development and conscious lifestyles for citizens; c. Enhancing health education and other programs in schools; including after school activities promoting physical activity and providing healthy school lunches;
4. To call upon the implementation of a healthy lifestyle, especially in the youth, by: a. Ensuring the food options offered by the institution aid to endorse nutritious and healthy eating habits in the youth and should be applied in educational institutions, aiming to better the nutritious value of food produced to students; i. Reducing the consumption of products with high sodium levels, excess sugars, saturated or industrially produced trans fats and genetically modified organisms (GMOs); ii. Introducing a tax on non-nutritious products that don’t encourage a healthy diet; b. Endorsing an active lifestyle by the constant practice of physical exercise and outdoor activities; i. Lowering costs on outdoor activities and sport practice related products to promote the usage of them among the population; ii. Incrementing the number of recreational activities and spaces that encourage an engaging, healthy, and fun lifestyle for students;
5. To recommend the funding of programs and infrastructure to enhance member states’ NCDs prevention capacity, by: a. Promoting agriculture and local production of fresh fruits and vegetables and other healthy consumable products, which would eliminate food deserts, improve the healthy diets, and create jobs in rural areas; b. Enhancing health education and other programs in schools; including after school activities promoting physical activity and providing healthy school lunches;
11 c. Investing in rehabilitation institutions and local clinics for the early detection and treatment of substance addictions relating to NCDs.
12 GC-2-c
INITIATIVES TO RESPOND TO NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (NCDS) INCLUDING THE ROLE AND INTERVENTION OF YOUTH IN THEIR PREVENTION.
Resolutions presented by the Delegation(s) of Bolivia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States of America.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
RECOGNIZING solutions presented by the World Health Organization, such as the WHO GCM/NCD (Global Coordination Mechanism on the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases) Action Plan 2013–2020 which states that the youth are the future to end the NCD ́S(Non-Communicable Disease) epidemic;
HAVING KNOWLEDGE OF the high increase in the number of deaths related to non-communicable diseases in the last few years;
BEARING IN MIND How a healthy lifestyle can prevent NCD ́S and youth can have a great influence in changing young people's lifestyles;
TAKING NOTE OF the importance this has and the necessity of making this prevention a daily objective for the youth to promote the importance of a healthy lifestyle;
RECOGNIZING The Tobacco Free Initiative (TFI) being an effective initiative approved by the The WHO FCTC;
RESOLVES:
1. To promote any urban planning for healthy behaviors and safety, starting at a young age by; a. Proposing a requirement of courses within every public educational institution, making students take these courses at some point throughout their scholar years. i. The courses will be health-based, encourage healthy habits, and will require for all youth to take at least one full school year of said courses. b. Emphasizing the importance of possessing healthy eating habits and the consequences that come with these habits through educational programs and non-profit organizations that specify in good health. 2. To create a set of laws and policies that help decrease the consumption of unhealthy food or drinks in public and private schools by encouraging; a. Suggesting schools to be conscious and verbal to the youth and students of the nutritional value of the food provided to students
13 i. It is suggested that at least 10% of the food served at public institutions be unprocessed. ii. Youths should be educated by nonprofit organizations who specialize in health about the consequences of processed foods, and the benefits of organic, healthy foods. b. Suggesting food companies to accurately label every product with specific and accurate nutritional information. i. Food and drink firms would be encouraged to list all ingredients and nutritional information on the packaging of goods. ii. A committee of authorized unbiased individuals would be assembled to monitor these firms, who are authorized by the respective countries' government. iii. Regulating the food given by educational institutions to reduce the consumption of meals high in sodium, sugar or fat in schools by young people. 3. To decrease the number of youth consuming tobacco, electronic cigarettes, drugs and alcoholic drinks by encouraging; a. Providing support for youth who present symptoms of addiction to these substances. i. Youth suffering from addictions would be given free access to nicotine replacement therapies via financial assistance from nonprofit organizations b. Inviting nonprofit organizations to give presentations regarding the effects these substances have on youth through community or statewide programs and mass media campaigns c. Cooperating with law enforcement authorities to prevent the use of drugs in educational institutions according to the specific age requirements and regulations of each country. 4. To create a series of physical activities within young people in order to prevent any NCDs at older ages by encouraging; a. Delegating local governments the responsibility to promote physical activities for their immediate community. i. Nonprofit organizations would be invited to assist with constructing courts, which are accessible to everyone, for different sports such as basketball, tennis, soccer, and others. ii. With the help of nonprofit organizations, communities would be encouraged to establish sports teams to promote the participation of young people in sports. 5. To implement an awareness day in which young people have a voice and can share their opinion as raise awareness in the importance of NCD ́S prevention by encouraging; a. Having a fun, interactive experience with the younger children and youth provided by non-profit organizations such as UNICEF. Having campaigns coordinated by
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38th MODEL OAS GENERAL ASSEMBLY FOR HIGH SCHOOLS
BOOK OF RESOLUTIONS
COMMITTEE ON JURIDICAL AND POLITICAL AFFAIRS
15
CAJP-1-a
ACCESSIBILITY OF CIVIL REGISTRATION AND THE RIGHT TO IDENTITY
Resolution presented by the Delegations of Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Haiti, Jamaica, and Mexico.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
RECALLING the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man (1948) and that every person has the right to be recognized everywhere as a person having rights and obligations, and to enjoy basic civil rights,
REAFFIRMING the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1948) and that States Parties undertake to respect the right of the child to preserve his or her identity, including nationality, name and family relations as recognized by law without unlawful interference,
KEEPING IN MIND the Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man (1948) Article XIX and that every person has the right to the nationality to which he is entitled by law and to change it, if he so wishes, for the nationality of any other country that is willing to grant it to him,
RECOGNIZING the role of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights to operate within this framework, the Commission considers that inasmuch as the rights of all persons subject to the jurisdiction of the Member States are to be protected, special attention must be devoted to those populations, communities, and groups that have historically been the targets of discrimination,
RECALLING that indigenous peoples, rural populations, migrants, and children are often subjected to discrimination and therefore suffer from low registration,
RESOLVES:
1. To work towards full registration of all citizens through coordination with the Universal Civil Identity Program in the Americas (PUICA) to provide every with the necessary identification documents to exercise their rights.
2. To continue working with the General Secretariat towards ensuring that all citizens living in rural areas have access to civil registration and identity by; a. Strengthening the Civil Registry and Vital Statistics institutions in the Member States. i. With funding available to the OAS through the PUICA and potentially member states development organizations, Member states will target areas with low population density and build registration offices to aid registration efforts in those areas.
16 ii. Create mobile registration campaigns to increase registration in rural areas with the support of PUICA.
3. To encourage Member States to continue working with the General Secretariat towards increasing registration for migrants and refugees by; a. Strengthening the presence of registration offices on border areas with support from the PUICA.
4. Member states are encouraged to continue working with the General Secretariat towards guaranteeing full registration for children by; a. Requiring registration by civil registry authorities in hospitals when children are born. i. With the support of the Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) plan from the WHO and World Bank for recording births, the PUICA will aid in registering children immediately after birth in the hospital. ii. Lowering the cost of birth certificates for children if registered within 30 days of the birth of the child.
5. To encourage Member States to continue working with the General Secretariat towards promoting civil registration of indigenous populations with the support of the PUICA and making an evaluation protocol to measure countries in their efforts to increase registration by; a. Forming a team of civil registration experts to create a method of evaluating countries on their performance in increasing registration.
17 CAJP-1-b EFFORTS TO PROMOTE CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN ELECTIONS Resolution presented by the Delegations of Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Panamá, Paraguay and Peru. THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
RECOGNIZING that the electoral involvement is a form of political participation, and is a right for all individuals,
CONSIDERING that all member states during election time are supervised by the Electoral Observation Missions and they deliver recommendations on behalf of the OAS in order to improve electoral processes,
DEEPLY CONSCIOUS that the member states do not prioritize working on the recommendations for improvement granted by the Electoral Observation Missions, which leads to the voting process not being completely transparent,
ALARMED BY the lack of attention given to the promotion of elections among citizens of member states to have a greater number of voters, elect a legitimate government and give the country economic, political and social stability,
RESOLVES: 1. To ensure a quality education for citizens and to prevent low participation in future election in all member states by; a. Proposing for the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations to fund these education programs. b. Providing training to instructional staff in order to better equip and educate citizens on voter rights, procedures and the importance of voting. 2. To empower individual governments to accept and perform the measures considered necessary by the Organization of the American States to carry out transparent electoral processes in the member states by; a. Implementing the services of the Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation during elections: i. This organization develops projects and activities to contribute to the modernization and improvement of the quality of the services provided by the electoral bodies. ii. Projects and activities that include electoral technology, electoral registry, residential vote, electoral mapping, legal reform, electoral organization, institutional strengthening, quality management and certification against ISO Standards, and citizen participation. b. Prioritizing the recommendations given by Electoral Observation Missions and work in the areas that need it.
18
3. To encourage member states and civil society organizations to generate campaigns to encourage and promote the participation of all citizens eligible to vote by; a. Generating large-scale promotion campaigns to motivate the entire population to participate in the elections. b. Educating and encouraging the importance of voting to indigenous groups and other people of vulnerable situations. i. Establish voting polls in the villages and provide an indigenous voting expert to aid citizens in registering and voting.
4. To increase the number of citizens eligible and registered to vote by; a. Establishing multiple registration offices throughout the nation. b. Providing accessible options for those who do not speak and/or write the national language. c. Performing these measures with the support of the World Bank Group.
5. To promote the discussion among OAS member states of the various voting procedures each country implements by; a. Organizing a conference held every five (5) years between all OAS member states to discuss the electoral processes implemented by the member states. i. Hold the conference in volunteering states, the first being Colombia. b. As a result of the conference create a systematic report compiling statistical information, areas of improvement, and possible resolutions regarding the promotion of participation in elections.
19 CAJP-1-c EMPHASIZING IN THE CONTINUITY OF THE INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL COOPERATION THROUGH THE LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN COUNCIL FOR CIVIL REGISTRATION, IDENTITY, AND VITAL STATISTICS. Resolution presented by the delegations of Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, the United States of America, Grenada, Guatemala, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, and Venezuela. THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, HAVING ANALYZED that the International and regional cooperation through the Latin America and Caribbean Council for Civil Registration, Identity and Vital Statistics, promotes an efficient exchange of information amongst Civil Registry institutions to support their strengthening,
RECOGNIZING that while most developing countries in the region may struggle with the ability to launch the database due to a lack of resources that are needed for technological initiatives, member states should assist each other through the sharing of best practices and economic relief, which will be beneficial to both the donors and recipients of this aid,
BEARING IN MIND the meetings that CLARCIEV has held with the member nations, to develop effective and affordable solutions by implementing technology or digital identity to ease the process of documentation and data exchange, which promotes a new and better way of sharing digitized documents that validate the information between civil registries, making it a reliable and fast format of documentation.
RESOLVES:
1. To erradicate under-registration, paying particular attention to transgender people, migrants, refugees, indigenous populations that live in the region ́s rural and border areas, and low-income populations by; a. Strengthening a government's agencies to provide identifications that will improve the quality of life of unregistered citizens once they are able to access their right to identity and recognition of their government. b. Implementing in each State, digitized registration which will provide a faster and more efficient way of documenting the certifications issued by the records of the civil status. i. Acknowledging that even though technology is the main instrument in establishing better and more efficient identification systems, the States’ governments still need to remain vigilant towards opportunities for helping establish and defend civil identification programs. Threats such as data manipulation, cyberattacks, and corruption remain prevalent when installing a digital system, especially a system as important as civil identification record. ii. Building a new governance model through innovation with technology prototypes by taking models of e-governance. As well as ensuring a safe, secure and easy civil identity to a reliable method to exercise the right and freedom of all citizens.
20 2. To develop a mechanism of data sharing between local governments and the central government of each country, in order to maintain an updated registry of vital statistics of their populations by; a. Developing financial assistance programs, funded by partnerships including those of the United Nations that are geared towards achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal of universal registration, which will provide economic resources, and ease the paperwork processes of deceased or newborns from the outer regions of the member nations.
3. To guarantee as much as possible an objective and impartial validation of the census population data and the mechanisms used to collect them through; a. Requesting the economic and technical assistance of international organizations such as the World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), to monitor and ensure the credibility of the data gathering process. i. Ensuring that economic resources provided by local governments or international sources are being used transparently for the purposes that need to be achieved, and not deviate to other projects.
4. To strengthen CLARCIEV in its role as a moderator for the communication between States exchange their experiences in registry data gathering with those that are starting the process by; a. To draft a protocol of cooperation and exchange of technology and information, that will help to overcome the challenges of national registries in a more effective manner.
“Transforming Our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development..Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform.” United Nations, United Nations, sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld.
OAS. “Organization of American States: Democracy for Peace, Security, and Development.”
OAS,1 August 2009, oas.org/es/sap/dgpe/clarciev2012/pres/Comision4_Interoperabilidad.pdf.
21 CAJP-2-A
ADVANCING THE AGENDA FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF MIGRANTS
Resolution presented by the Delegation of Antigua and Barbuda, Argentine Republic, Belize, The Commonwealth of The Bahamas, Haiti, Republic of Honduras, Jamaica, and Mexico.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
NOTING the Agenda for the Protection of the Rights of Migrants and that the fundamental human rights of migrants are being violated based off of their immigration and socioeconomic status and in turn negatively affects their safety and security, motivating them to migrate to seek better opportunities,
ACKNOWLEDGING that the quality of treatment and acceptance of migrants by member states has declined over the past decade,
RECOGNIZING that each country has different policies and needs regarding immigration and the protection of migrant rights, working together to better the situation in all member nations,
CONSIDERING the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights’ (IACHR) efforts in creating and upholding the protection and promotion of the human rights of other groups of people in a situation of vulnerability in the context of human mobility,
RESOLVES:
1. To ensure the right to healthcare by; a) Creating more opportunities for vaccinations for all people to limit disease outbreaks, not solely to improve the health conditions of migrants, but for the general public. i) Setting up free clinics with the help of the World Health Organization. ii) Having doctors promote the importance of vaccinations. iii) Ensuring that migrants will have access to temporary permits allowing them to have access to public services.
2. To ensure the safety of settled immigrants affected by natural disasters by; a) Allowing them to remain in the country they have settled into. b) Contacting and collaborating with nations that allowed migrants to temporarily stay in their country. c) Showing their economic contributions to the country as a whole by providing reports. d) Calling upon the member states to work upon the Cartagena Declaration to allow the asylum seekers to stay and work in the host country while waiting for the refugee status process.
3. To combat political corruption in countries with economic and political crises by; a) Acknowledging that there is a lack of equality and justice.
22 b) Upon request by the state members, send specialists to visit countries and assess human rights situations. c) Processing petitions and cases for human rights violations and limit the number of biased votes caused by paid voters and citizens for elections. d) Strengthening democratic institutional framework.
4. To make legal and more accessible path roads in order to protect the immigrants and limit the human- trafficking system by; a) Forcing human-traffickers to go through legal paths. b) Integrating those being trafficked into society as human trafficking victims are enrolled into the immersion program, creating a system for victims to get an education and find jobs to be able to contribute to the society.
23 CAJP-2-B PROMOTION OF POLITICAL RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
Draft Resolution Presented by the Delegations of: The Plurinational Republic of Bolivia, The Federative Republic of Brazil, Dominion of Canada, The Republic of Chile, Republic of Colombia, The Dominican Republic, Republic of Panama, Republic of Paraguay, Republic of Peru, The Republic of Nicaragua, and The Federation of St. Kitts and Nevis.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
RECOGNIZING indigenous people’s importance in the culture and heritage of the Member States and the need for the promotion and protection of their political rights and the preservation of their civilization’s entities and values,
RECALLING the Plan of Action of the American Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples of the Americas adopted through resolution AG/RES. 2913 (XLVII-O/17), which highlights the need to implement an international plan for the recognition and promotion of indigenous peoples,
RECALLING Resolutions GT/DADIN/doc.334/08, CP/RES. 951 (1691/09), AG/RES. 2724 (XLII- O/12), GT/DADIN/doc.427/13, CP/RES. 1094 (2144/18), AG/RES. 2934 (XLIX-O/19), AG/RES. 2928 (XLVIII-O/18) which protect indigenous peoples’ rights through actions of countries in every aspect,
BEARING IN MIND the struggle Member States have had over the years to fully protect the rights of indigenous people,
TAKING INTO ACCOUNT previous measures made and taken by the OAS for the implementation of human rights and their work with the IACHR that seeks for every nation’s commitment towards this topic,
RESOLVES:
1. To promote indigenous peoples’ culture and current struggles to raise awareness on the high levels of discrimination they are facing by; a. Continuing the “Inter-American Week for Indigenous Peoples” which motivates and invites member states to promote their culture and draw attention to their traditions, history, and contributions in their countries. b. Creating special activities in order for indigenous peoples’ culture and significance to be recognized, such as exhibitions occurring throughout the year which demonstrate traditions they follow and their history.
2. To use modern technologies such as television, radio, and social media to promote and share indigenous peoples’ culture which would help crucial information reach most parts of the country.
24 3. To ensure every nation’s compliance with laws and access to resources that work for the protection and promotion of indigenous people’s political rights by; a. Collecting and creating ways for providing funding for the implementation of these. b. Using resources available and taking the necessary steps for the implementation of the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the Plan of Action on the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. c. Creating and enforcing a law that protects indigenous people’s political rights such as voting or their participation in governmental activities such as census polling from which they are normally excluded. d. Creating fines for big businesses who do not comply with and/or violate indigenous peoples’ rights in any way.
4. To request that the OAS General Secretariat create a specific fund that would support and work for the promotion of programs and institutions that benefit indigenous people’s political rights by; a. Creating new institutions and programs that work for the fulfillment of indigenous peoples’ necessities, aiding them towards finding jobs, receiving education, and health services. b. Creating activities and events where people could support the funding of these programs benefiting indigenous peoples by donating either money or other resources such as food and clothes, as well as accepting sponsorships from those willing to contribute to the cause. c. Working together through civil society organizations registered with the OAS that might help promote and raise attention to Indigenous peoples. With their help, awareness of the issues faced by Indigenous peoples would spread and levels of discrimination towards them reduced and they will have more opportunities to grow and develop as a group.
25 CAJP-2-C MEASURES TO PROTECT THE PHYSICAL INTEGRITY OF HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS Resolution presented by the Delegations of Venezuela, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Grenada, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and the United States.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
RECOGNIZING the importance of the work of human rights defenders and their benefits of promoting, protecting, and defending the human rights of the people for a better society,
AWARE OF the violations made to the physical integrity of human rights defenders in the nation and the priority that must be given to eradicate these problems,
EXPECTING that working together with the other member states, could resolve the problem so that the freedom, dignity, psychological, and physical integrity of these people is protected at all costs,
BEARING IN MIND that even though, there has been several attempts to protect the integral security of the defenders, such as joining initiatives for their protection, some defenders are still targets of discrimination and violence,
HAVING ADOPTED certain rules, there are several countries still possessing a lack of human liberties, this could be due to the mishandling of power and ideologies on a whole. This mishandling can impact society in a negative way, as some defenders are being attacked and murdered,
DEEPLY CONCERNED about the assaults and violence that are present and ongoing in the region,
RESOLVES:
1. To fully investigate the causes of the injustices made to human rights defenders, and how these violations could affect society as a whole, by; a. Using a Truth Commission to fully investigate the violations made, its causes and effects in the nation, and as a result conclude with a final report so that a useful solution could be found.
2. To recognize the importance of the work of human rights defenders and the vitality to protect their physical integrity by; a. Spreading awareness through social media about the violations and discriminations against human rights defenders, this way the media could provide support and raise awareness of the importance of their work. b. Joining relocation programs to protect the physical integrity of the defenders by temporarily relocating the victims so they are not targets of violence.
26 3. To strengthen the existing resolutions to eradicate the problem regarding violations and discriminations toward human rights defenders and their work by demanding that OAS members states intensify their efforts to create a working plan to implement new strategies that will help with the protection of freedom, dignity, psychological and physical integrity of all human rights defenders in the nation.
4. To expand work on the protection of the integral security of human rights defenders in the nation by; a. Joining forces with civil society organizations that protect human rights defenders in order to raise awareness on the situation and thereby increase the support given to human rights defenders and their work. b. Creating non-governmental associations in which human rights defenders could be provided with the necessary needs and facilities to continue carrying out their work, also by this mean their work could be successfully promoted and protected.
5. To ensure that all people are able to exercise their rights and defend themselves and others by; a. Providing training and technical advice to integrate international human rights and humanitarian law in military and peace operations in order to issue proper skills in self-defense.
6. To encourage countries interested in supporting the physical integrity of human rights defenders to contribute to the funds established by the IMF and the World Bank Organization to carry out the proposed solution.
27
38th MODEL OAS GENERAL ASSEMBLY FOR HIGH SCHOOLS
BOOK OF RESOLUTIONS
COMMITTEE ON HEMISPHERIC SECURITY
RESOLUTIONS
28
CHS-1-a
MULTIDIMENSIONAL SECURITY - HEMISPHERIC STRATEGIES FOR THE REDUCTION OF HOMICIDE IN MEMBER STATES
Presented by the Delegation of Antigua & Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Guyana
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
FULLY AWARE of the importance of the preservation of peace and security in member states;
TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION that in the region there are homicidal events that reach war-some levels.
BEARING IN MIND that intentional homicides are a threat to multidimensional security and are an imminent threat to Member States on a national level.
DEEPLY DISTURBED by the amount of life perished in member states annually by murder and related homicide;
STRESSING the importance of high quality and precise data in the process of combatting intentional homicide;
RECOGNIZING successful & unsuccessful previous examples of member states for their efforts and contributions.
RESOLVES:
1. To call upon the formation of a regional administrative bureau focusing on homicide, prevention, initiating a preemptive intervention council of potential homicides represented by member states to exercise responsibilities such as but not limited to;
a) Cooperating with the Inter American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD),
b) Research and recording statistics of homicide,
I. Detailed reports on homicide convictions released annually by the attorney generals of each member state to OAS/ the public of that Member State to raise awareness on methods to reduce homicide rates
2. To recommend member states to enforce stricter substance laws and to cooperate with the CICAD through means such as but not limited to;
a) Reinforce existing statutes of member states to regulate products such as but not limited to;
i. Alcohol,
29 ii. Recreational drugs,
iii. Tobacco products,
iv. Firearms
b) Increase research by cooperating with the Inter American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) regarding the negative effects of substance abuse through means such as but not limited to;
3. To encourage member states to increase communication & cooperation to combat international products through the preemptive intervention council of potential homicides and open political discourse towards the topics such as but not limited to;
a) Arguing for higher security deployment in high crime areas,
b) Discussing the effects of stricter gun control and regulation,
c) Experimenting with new technologies to combat violent acts more successfully,
d) Evaluating any intervention made by Member States to measure the efficacy
4. Solemnly requests for the gradual and thorough eradication of local and international gangs with the assistance of the OAS through means such as but not limited to;
a) Eliminating economic profit of these gangs to deter influence
b) Modernize rehabilitation for gang members to ensure the stability of society,
c) Enhance background checks for government employees to secure the classified government intelligence,
d) Locate crime hotspots and identify the individuals that commit most of the crimes in those areas,
e) Employ focused deterrence methods to reduce intentional homicide rates
5. To urge member states to implement task force initiatives in order to prevent homicide rates secrecy; a) Subdivisions or subteams within member states police created specifically to focus on the prevention of homicides b) Task force initiatives should focus on gang surveillance and negotiation to decrease gun-related homicides c) Regional norm on how criminal activities are addressed
6. To spread the ideas of homicide prevention the public, especially the youth by;
a) Suggesting member states to reach agreements with sophisticated internet businesses and developed enterprises to expand democratic values and broadcast the issue of homicide to the internet among youth.
30 b) Highly recommends videos and articles to be posted regarding the issue of homicide on world-wide- web, creating easily spread reposts that denounce the act of violence.
i. Creating hashtags on popular social media such as but not limited to Instagram, Twitter and Facebook,
ii. Film YouTube videos and post to other video hosting platforms,Create social media accounts on platforms such as Instagram, Snapchat, Facebook, and Twitter, to actively report the progress of homicide reduction in areas,
iii. Awareness campaigns focused on sharing the stories of victims directly or indirectly affected by violence
7. To improve security in countries by,
a) Recommending raising the legal age and requirements to acquire and possess firearms and restrict who can carry them by implementing licenses that will take into account criminal records and psychological tests,
b) Creating national databases in each Member State that can be shared at an international level in order to map crimes in real time, allowing police forces to know where, when and how most of the crimes are committed,
c) Reinforcing national laws and creating more severe sanctions for those who commit homicides.
31 CHS-1-b
BEST PRACTICES TO REDUCE HARMFUL OR HIGH-RISK ALCOHOL USE IN THE GENERAL POPULATION
Resolution presented by the Delegations of Bolivia, the Republic of Brazil, Canada, the Republic of Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Panama, the Republic of Paraguay, Peru, and Venezuela.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
RECOGNIZING that multidimensional security is a key pillar of the Organization of America States and, therefore, the Committee on Hemispheric Security has the responsibility to the OAS to formulate and implement strategies and policies to guarantee the security of the region, to consolidate an integral development, promote peace, and defend human rights;
HAVING SEEN the Declaration on Security in the Americas adopted at the third plenary session of October 28, 2003, in Mexico City, Mexico, by the Organization of American States, which acknowledges the different ways in which the security of states of the Hemisphere is affected, including health risks, specifically alcohol;
TAKING NOTE that the vast majority of the countries within the Americas have no defined policies to confront harmful alcohol consumption, and as a result every year, according to the World Health Organization, alcohol abuse causes an estimated 3 million deaths worldwide, which represents 5.3% of all deaths, of which a significant proportion occur in the youth; the Americas along with Europe has the highest alcohol consumption rate worldwide;
DESIRING TO encourage the member states to work together for a common welfare, thus leading to a safer environment in which society can develop to its fullest potential through guidance by the OAS partnership with the Pan American Health Organization;
REAFFIRMING the steadfast commitment of the member states to confront the scourge threats, concerns, and other challenges of a diverse nature that threaten security
RESOLVES:
1. To emphasize the importance of health and wellbeing of the individuals and society at large to provide a safe environment where member states can develop to their fullest potential, a. To suggest that the OAS not overlook the issue of alcohol consumption, because the severity of the problem has the potential to cause long term repercussions on the development of the countries, i. This would be accomplished through discussions concerning the progress on the issue will be held in each annual meeting, b. To create continuous reports and analysis of health conditions of the different nations and to record the annual rate of alcohol consumption in order to evidence if there has been any progress in the regulation of alcohol ingested,
32 i. The member states would have greater control of the situation and in total disposal to call upon meetings if the problem doesn’t regulate, c. To encourage OAS member states to congregate and discuss best practices, which will be evidenced by the applications and outcomes in their respective countries, i. The product of this will be continuous, desegregated, unbiased, and accurate reports.
2. To further improve the treatment of alcoholism, a. Provide treatment services and centers for programs that are accessible in different locations in each country to offer services to the majority of the population, b. Offer educational services through local health departments, c. Implement a mechanism to verify the compliance of the programs, i. It can be regulated either by the department of health or NGO ́s destined on the regulation of alcohol consumption.
3. To raise awareness among the citizens of every nation about the harmful or high-risk consequences of significant alcohol consumption, in order to reduce alcohol and control the alarming issue, a. Creating partnerships with social media networks and organizations in order to introduce public service announcements against alcohol consumption (i.e. truth.com, Alcoholics Anonymous), b. Creating campaigns and grassroots movements in order to expand the population’s participation to fight for the wellbeing of society as a whole, c. Because a large part of the population does not have any access to the internet, another option to create awareness in order to achieve a greater audience could be, i. Broadcasting commercials on television and radio programs that address the issue of uprising alcohol use within the population that attract the listener or the viewer. ii. Attractive advertising on the streets.
4. To prevent the consumption of alcohol among minors, a. Implement programs to the education system on the subject of harmful or high-risk alcohol use and legal matters in the case of its consumption, i. This can be accomplished with the help of the departments of education and health of each nation and entities, which are destined to ensure the regulation of alcohol consumption.
5. To ensure that laws to combat underage alcohol consumption are enforced to their maximum capacity, security systems in the nations must be strengthened, a. Parties thrown for the teenage population should be under surveillance to prevent the smuggling of alcoholic beverages, b. Police should always carry alcohol testers, c. Stores that allow the selling of alcoholic beverages to minors will be granted a penalty fee or in the most serious of cases, it will be forced to close, d. Urging countries to impose taxes on alcoholic beverages in order to increase its price and reduce the rate of purchase of alcohol in their general population.
6. To express its support to different NGOs and commission of each country whose purposes are to regulate alcohol consumption,
33 a. Strengthening with funding and recommendations for thorough practices (i.e. Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission, Pan American Health Organization).
34 CHS-1-c
ENCOURAGING THE REDUCTION OF TOBACCO USE AMONG STUDENTS IN THE MEMBER STATES
Resolves presented by the delegations of Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Trinidad and Tobago, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
RECOGNIZING that tobacco use among students is associated with physical and social consequences,
NOTING with big concern that smoking is a practice that violates the right to health of all human beings since it provokes illness effects like increased pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases and increased risk for lung cancer,
ALARMED by the tobacco use among young people in the region is on the rise since 13.16 percent of teenagers between 15 and 18 currently smoke,
REITERATING the commitment of member states to peace and the security of their citizens, and recognizing the need to continue implementing or strengthening, as appropriate, national public policies, international cooperation policies, and measures to prevent and combat transnational security hazards,
ACKNOWLEDGING that each Member State may have different individual needs, working together may help both the individual countries and the neighboring countries in the hemisphere,
RESOLVES:
1. To encourage governments to acknowledge their rooms for opportunity regarding attention to smoking by students and make a priority to implement measures to reduce this practice and support anti-smoking awareness campaigns by; a) Enforcing the law to restrict the use of tobacco from 18 years and younger. b) Forbidding the establishment of smoking products shops within a 5 mile radius of schools c) Creating social media campaigns to promote health awareness and encourage influencers to promote the eradication of tobacco use
2. To urge all member states to commit to the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and fully implement its measures for regulating smoking by;
a) Improving surveillance on school campuses in order to obtain information about the magnitude of the epidemic in a country as well as on how to adapt policies to specific country needs.
b) Making all public environments, workplaces and schools 100% smoke-free
c) Establishing low cost efficient smoking cessation initiatives among teenagers 35 d) Implementing strong graphic health warnings on all tobacco products and brands to provide information to young citizens about smoking risks.
e) Urging the decrease of tobacco promotion, sponsorship and advertising
3. To urge Members States to implement an Inter-American Commission for the Control of Tobacco Use in order to conduct multilateral government evaluations to monitor the progress of individual and collective efforts in all member countries of the Hemisphere by;
a) Publishing a hemispheric report, which reflects the reality of the member states in the Hemisphere as a whole with regard to the tobacco problem, clearly highlighting the challenges encountered, strengths and collective progress in the implementation of tobacco policies
b) Encouraging national dialogue among policy makers to eradicate this practice that attempts against the right to health
4. To promote school-based prevention and cessation programs by;
a) Integrating tobacco problems into the curriculum of school classes to teach critical thinking skills to adolescents, leading them to reduce the consumption of this substance by personal motivation and judgment
b) Having students who have been through this issue talk about it in their school and communities so that it can impact other young people’s lives to do better.
36 CHS-2-a
EFFORTS TO ENHANCE SECURITY IN THE ISSUANCE AND CONTROL OF TRAVEL AND IDENTITY DOCUMENTS ON THE PART OF THE OAS MEMBER STATES
Resolution presented by the delegations of Haiti, Argentina, Antigua and Barbuda, Jamaica, Barbados, Belize, The Bahamas and Guyana
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
ACKNOWLEDGING THAT nationality represents a unique identity, culture and is an inherent, distinguishing quality of human beings;
RECOGNIZING the lack of unity of member states to establish a set of travel document security measures to combat travel document fraud; The need to create a supportive network to better evaluate and respond to incidents, crises, and threats to hemispheric security;
EMPHASIZING the need to expand travel document security programs to include mechanisms for effective transfer of knowledge for watch lists, border control, and immigration, and create a joint database for identity security;
UNDERSCORING that the American Convention on Human Rights recognizes the right to freedom of movement as an individual civil right, and in fulfillment of that right the provision of travel documents by member states to its people is essential;
FULLY AWARE of the fact that migration to countries in Latin America and the Caribbean almost tripled between 2000 and 2015 and is expected to double by 2030 and alarmed by pirate and distribute false passports, visas, and other means of identification and illegally vend them to the public;
RESOLVES:
1. To congratulate and recognize all previous efforts by the Committee on Hemispheric Security and the Inter- American Committee Against Terrorism in increasing effective document control and measures for preventing counterfeiting, forgery, and fraudulent use of identity papers and travel documents;
2. To successfully establish a standardized e-passport for citizens of member states by:
a. Creating a standardized database shared by government agencies of member states for the personal information of citizens.
i. In partnership with crime intelligence organizations such as INTERPOL, which have put in place exceptional security measures to avoid the fraudulent issues of all travel documents.
b. Funded by gradual installments of payments by member states as integration of the aforementioned system occur:
i. If the country cannot fund a new program, recommend observer states and member states to provide an initial fund for a developing e-passport program. 37 3. To implement a code in which the ultraviolet seal of passports will directly connect to the database in which all passport information will be stored;
a. The gold number of the person.
i. This number is assigned at birth and does no change.
b. A Marquardt mask adapted to the persons’ face would be invested in, a type of facial recognition technology.
4. To implement a series of security summits with the purpose of improving the knowledge of immigration officers in regards to tactics and characteristics of Fraudulent identification documents.
a. In partnership with immigration agencies such as INTERPOL, ICE, ICAO (Intnl. Civil Aviation Organization)
b. Funded by a standard payment amount by countries participating in the conferences
5. To promise that the integrity and confidentiality of all information of all information within member states will be respected and only used for the purposes outlined under this document:
a. Sharing information with competent authorities will be done in accordance with domestic law and international obligations under the Security Council of the United Nations; with full respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms;
38 CHS-2-b
STRATEGIES AIMED AT STRENGTHENING THE CAPACITY OF MEMBER STATES TO BETTER PREPARE TO RESPOND TO POTENTIAL TERRORIST THREATS.
A resolution presented by the Delegations of: Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic, Saint Kids and Nevis.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
WELCOMING the Comprehensive Inter-American Strategy to Combat Threats to Cybersecurity: A Multidimensional and Multidisciplinary Approach to Creating a Culture of Cybersecurity, recommended to the General Assembly by the Permanent Council as a joint effort of member states and their experts with the technical expertise of the CICTE, CITEL and REMJA Group of Government Experts in Cybercrime (CP/doc.../04);
RECOGNIZING resolutions CP/RES. 796 (1293/01) , CICTE/RES. 1/19, CICTE/RES.1/18, CICTE/RES 1/16 Rev.1, CICTE/RES.1/14 Rev 1 and lastly A/RES/68/167 which are regarding the multidimensional security in the Americas;
TAKING INTO ACCOUNT that terrorism is an increasing problem which is affecting all nations around the world today;
BEARING IN MIND that each Member State has different circumstances and financial abilities to afford access to resources to combat terrorist attacks;
CONTEMPLATING that the majority of these countries aren’t politically and financially prepared for a terrorist attack and the importance of safety in all Member States;
TAKING NOTE OF the importance of strategies to combat terrorist attacks and the need for efficient and affordable programs for the growth and development for prevention efforts.
RESOLVES:
1. To have a strategic plan to combat terrorist attacks in all Member States;
a. For the OAS to make sure that each Member State has specific strategies that can implement safety and awareness about terrorism.
i. To have a specific committee in each Member State responsible for forming and implementing strategies.
2. To advise the continuation of the program proposed and has been established, and to have an annual meeting no matter what the circumstances;
a) For the OAS to continue supporting and recommending strategies to ensure security and fight against terrorism.
39 b) To call upon the government of the Member States and the government of other nations to use all strategies necessary and available to capture and punish the responsible for the terrorist attacks, and for the prevention of other attempts.
3. To promote a special meeting to strengthen and improve the strategies against terrorism;
a) To launch a global campaign with the use of media and technology in order to raise funds to afford the strategies.
b) To encourage governments to implement and improve their strategies and sharing them in the annual meetings.
4. To invite each Member State to prepare their government for a prompt response in case of attack;
a) To be aware of the security measures they need to take when they have been attacked.
i) Having specific measures to take for domestic versus international terrorist attacks
ii) Having different plans for different scales of attacks
b) To efficiently react when needed.
i) Having a plan that can be utilized very soon after a given attack
ii) Having the resources to combat an attack
c) To create a new plan with a given state’s army to work with and assist the OAS in the rescue and reconstruction efforts.
5. To upgrade security of the Member States by improving migration and traveling policy by controlling border controls;
a) As stated in the INTER-AMERICAN CONVENTION AGAINST TERRORISM OAS conference, to continue improving and implementing methods to promote the collaboration and the exchange of information to prevent the international movement of terrorists and trafficking in arms.
b) To carefully checked Travel and identity documents, this will humanely respect the rights of each person and it will prevent an invasion of privacy.
6. To have jurisdiction over the borders. a) To implement Maritime Security
i) Port security training requires assessments and prerequisite training
ii) Strategic level crisis management exercises in port security.
40 iii) Capacity building and training courses on key aspects of port security. b) To enforce Aviation Security
ii) national training courses
iii) sub-regional training courses
41 CHS-2-c
WORK PLAN TO COMBAT TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS
Resolution presented by the delegations of: Bolivia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States of America.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
CONSIDERING the many cases of human trafficking being identified in previous years and the lack of investigation and improvements to reduce this threat;
FULLY AWARE that the vast majority of the member states may have different ways and means to access resources to supply a working plan for this threat;
RECOGNIZING that some nations need help in preventing trafficking in persons
RECOGNIZING the nations that need to raise funds to finance these working plans and achieve security and prosperity in the region for their citizens’ well-being;
CONFIDENT that all member nations understand the severity of trafficking in persons;
We the member states of the OAS,
RESOLVES:
1. To make crimes more evident by; a) Condemning and penalizing not just traffickers but facilitators and intermediaries with penalties regarding the process of human trafficking. i. Choose a sentence depending on the proportion of the traffic, according to each country’s criminal code.
b) Creating public reports about the many convicted traffickers and evaluating the measures taken by the government to punish them.
2. To encourage member states to contribute the funds required to sustain the trafficking in person work plan by; a) Requesting the member states and neighboring regions for funding b) Requesting the world bank and different organizations for funds to sustain the work plan
3. To bring awareness about human trafficking by; a) Making informative campaigns for the public especially aimed for young citizens. i. Creating a school program for teaching prevention and forms of trafficking in persons funded by local non governmental and governmental. 42 b) Educating the citizens about the dangers associated with all forms of trafficking and encouraging them to report any cases or situations of trafficking. i. Inform the population about the laws that are responsible for ensuring he protection of the citizens against human trafficking. c) Cooperating with each other, along with working together with intergovernmental associations and requesting nongovernmental organizations to help minimize the trafficking in persons and make safer conditions.
4. To actively promote the rehabilitation of victims by; a) Providing them with access to capable physical and physiological aid and assistance. b) Taking all the applicable measures to assure that victims of trafficking are not penalized for being trafficked and for them to not suffer from revictimization as an outcome of the actions taken by the government. c) Ensuring the stability and assistance with full respect of their human rights.
5. To improve data collection, sharing, and analysis related to trafficking cases; a) Developing a case management system which would include all past offenders and their appearance.
6. To improve the ability to identify victims among vulnerable groups a) Having workshops to train police officers to be able to identify victims b) Setting up more id checks around the country
43
38th MODEL OAS GENERAL ASSEMBLY FOR HIGH SCHOOLS
BOOK OF RESOLUTIONS INTER-AMERICAN COUNCIL ON INTEGRAL DEVELOPMENT
44 CIDI 1-a
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL INCLUSION IN THE AMERICAS
The resolution presented by the Delegations of: Antigua and Barbuda, The Argentine Republic, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, The Co-operative Republic of Guyana, The Republic of Haiti, The Republic of Honduras, Jamaica, and Mexico.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
ACKNOWLEDGING that Article 37 of the Charter of the Organization of American States (A-41) prioritizes joint efforts between countries to support each other when a country does not have the means to protect itself from internal issues,
BEARING IN MIND that development is one of the four pillars of the OAS,
RECOGNIZING the lack, or excess, of water, poor water infrastructure, and insufficient sewage systems,
EMPHASIZING the importance of addressing climate change in relation to the changing climates and landscapes of Member States,
ADVOCATING for the implementation of effective water infrastructure to increase stability in Member States,
RESOLVES:
1. To continue to mitigate the effects of rising sea levels, by enforcing existing barriers and constructing additional barriers, placing mangroves in critically vulnerable areas and constructing seawalls and protecting coastal barriers.
2. To create access to clean water by preserving available water resources, implementing water collection programs (including rainwater collection, well digging, desalination, water still implementation, water recycling and water transportation), and informing the general public about water conservation in order to reduce water scarcity.
a) These aqueducts will be created using resources that are plentiful in Member states, such as clay. Clay is low in cost, as it is in a highly available source. The creation of these aqueducts will give more job opportunities, enhancing the economies of Member states. They will be implemented in central locations, to further protect them from intense weather conditions.
3. To obtain funds and monetary assistance from the following sources: the United Nations, the Organization of American States, the International Community Foundation, Living Water International, the World Bank, and the US State Department, as well as the sovereign governments of each Member State.
45 4. To aid member states in their adaption by creating a conference where Member States can share their public-policy practices for water resource management, and practices for water sanitation.
46 CIDI-1-B
CHALLENGES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INTER-AMERICAN PLAN FOR DISASTER PREVENTION AND RESPONSE
Resolution presented by the Delegations of Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, and Peru.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
CONSIDERING that the OAS seeks to ensure and promote sustainable development–which entails balancing economic growth, social equity, and environmental protection–throughout the Western Hemisphere;
TAKING INTO ACCOUNT that the INDM (Integrated Natural Disaster Management) is a network composed of agencies and organizations interested in promoting the sustainable implementation of natural disaster reduction and mitigation programs in the Americas;
HAVING EXAMINED the Inter-American Plan for Disaster Prevention Act the delegations have considered that the most prudent issue of the plan is the inability of the Act to address the economic stagnation that results from natural disasters; and
ACKNOWLEDGING the fact that after a natural disaster, many countries —especially those without economic means— remain stagnant and cannot help their citizens or cities rebound from the disaster,
RESOLVES:
1. To implement economic aid for disaster agency by; a. Ensuring immediate reconstruction of roads, telecommunication, and infrastructure. b. Researching into improved building techniques to make cities resilient to disasters. c. Researching into weather systems to predict and possibly prevent natural disasters before they occur. d. Protecting citizens of each country in the case of a disaster, including healthcare and promise of safety.
2. To promote funding plans through; a. The use of loans from the World Bank in order to establish such agencies illustrated above. b. Seeking monetary aid from fellow nations in order to establish these programs, such as funding programs will aid smaller countries such as ADPIR, GDFRR and the Inter-American Plan for disaster prevention and response. c. Encouraging 500-million-dollar fund from the United Nations launched in 2006. d. Working with the GFDRR, a grant-funding mechanism managed by the World Bank, to supports disaster risk management projects worldwide.
3. To promote the agency of Reconstruction of roads, telecommunication, and infrastructure by;
47 a. Providing program management, design, construction, financing, and maintenance of the integrated communications systems that link the roadway communication devices. b. Upgrading existing communications network infrastructure to a state-of-the-art network c. Installing equipment such as ducted fiber in order to aid the perseverance of infrastructure in the most severe environmental conditions. d. Implementing of universal building codes to protect the people in areas that are susceptible to earthquakes and other such natural disasters.
5. To support medical care for those affected by natural disasters by; a. Strengthening evacuation planning to increase preparedness in case of another natural disaster. b. Giving medical assistance for the people that were affected by the natural disaster through assistance by the Red Cross and WHO. c. Preparing the hospitals in case of natural disasters.
48 CIDI-1-c
IMPLEMENTATION OF SOUND ECONOMIC POLICIES IN ORDER TO DEEPEN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITH EQUITY
Resolutions presented by the delegations of: The Republic of Costa Rica, El Salvador, The Republic of Ecuador, The United States of America, Grenada, Guatemala, Suriname, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and The Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Uruguay, and Venezuela
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
HAVING EXAMINED the CIDI’s aims to deepen equitable development through the implementation of sound economic policies to assure a gradual growth, and eventually eliminate extreme poverty;
EMPHASIZING that corruption and the deviation of public funds within the member states has contributed to an economic stagnation amongst the region, and the society become affected as a result of the inefficient allocation of resources and low-quality education and healthcare;
ACKNOWLEDGING the urgent call of the OAS president – Luis Almagro – to boost articulation policies within all social sectors, to promote sustainable development, and end with social inequity into the rule of law;
REAFFIRMING that economic development among the American States is necessary for each of the American States to maintain a standard of living for its citizens and relevant to consider that the United States’ economy is a highly developed mixed economy;
RESOLVES:
1. To reinforce economic policies against corruption and deviation of public funds in the Latin American nations through; a. The implementation of an advising committee that watches over the economic activity in each of the member states with the help of NGOs that can assure transparency and equality in their activation.
th 2. To follow with attention the objectives of the 9 Americas’ Competitiveness Forum to be held in Argentina in 2019 in order to build on solutions to issues regarding digital transformations by; a. Promoting the implementation of programs to support SMEs and entrepreneurship amongst the economically active population.
3. To redirect the focus for funds to be taken from the UN 600million dollar venture to fund this act in order to ensure no increase in taxes occur,
a. Working with government representatives to achieve an equitable growth regarding infrastructure depending on the area of each member state. i. Using data from the budget practices of each member state, such as the budget calendar, revenue forecasting, gubernatorial budget authority, balanced budget 49 requirements, tax and expenditure limitations, debt restrictions, approaches to budget development, rainy day funds, tools to monitor and control expenditures, and the use of performance measures.
4. To lower the unemployment rate amongst the OAS member states by; a. Carrying out working campaigns of public infrastructure and private sector activities by the implementation of a good investment climate to make each member state, attractive for international and multinational enterprises b. Introduce a specialized education program, which focuses on teaching beneficial skills that are necessary when entering the workforce.
5. To request the General Secretariat to report to the General Assembly at its fiftieth regular session on the implementation of this resolution, the execution of which shall be subject to the availability of financial resources in the program-budget of the Organization and other resources by;
a. Entrusting the General Secretariat of the Organization to ensure extensive dialogue between member state
6. To provide for the protection of the climate by the creation of an environmental oversight committee, the function of which would be to oversee environmental protection with respect to economic growth and sustainability, in each sovereign government. If such an institution already exists in a country this amendment provides for that state to reaffirm the power of that agency.
50 CIDI-2-a
ADVANCING HEMISPHERIC EFFORTS ON CIVIC EDUCATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE INTER-AMERICAN EDUCATION AGENDA (IEA)
Resolutions presented by the Delegations of The Bahamas, Honduras, Antigua and Barbuda, Jamaica, Guyana, Haiti, Mexico, Barbados, and Argentina.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
WELCOMING the advancement of hemispheric efforts on civic education within the framework of the Inter American Education Agenda (IEA);
NOTING the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, which target improving the quality and accessibility of education and life-long learning opportunities for all youth, and SDG4 goals, which prioritize education as a tool for promoting sustainable development and a broader culture of peace;
RECOGNIZING the Ninth Inter-American Meeting of Ministers of Education that outlined the Inter- American Education Agenda progresses on three concrete priorities: i) Quality, inclusive, and equitable education, ii) Strengthening of the teaching profession, and iii) Comprehensive early childhood care;
TAKING INTO ACCOUNT the great disparity that exists between different countries’ socioeconomic status,
RESOLVES:
1. To create a database that provides data in the form of annual report publications; a. Including a steady curriculum that covers all of the Americas. i. Specializing curriculums in favor of the particular regions. ii. Outlining major mistakes within the educational system of the country. iii. Having the education secretary of the IEA study trends of the education and plugging them into the database.
2. To improve the quality of teaching to make sure each teacher is fully capable; a. Creating a bar for the teaching profession in each member states to make sure every teacher is eligible. b. Opening teaching workshops for low-performance teachers to learn from others with experience in the topic or how to teach, to improve their way of teaching in their respective countries. c. Incentivizing teachers’ performance with higher salaries. d. Reinforcing the Inter-American Teaching Education Network’s (ITEN) plan by calling for member states to take measures to improve the teaching environment.
3. To enhance the educational environment with the funding of the International Development Association (IDA) and the Global Partnership for Education (GPE); a. Fortifying school structures in areas with extreme climates including but not limited to: 51 i. Hurricane. ii. Earthquake. iii. Tornado. iv. Tsunami. b. Improving school conditions by means including but not limited to: i. Student-made decorations, ii. Better lighting, iii. Colorful walls, c. Motivate students to decorate the school by providing them community service hours, art projects, etc...
4. To continue to support and to increase OAS scholarship programs for undergraduate, graduate, and professional training, such that more individuals can further go down their educational careers and hence improving the quality of life; a. Increasing the number of academic programs and offering diversified courses in all areas, especially areas of technological specialties including but not limited to: i. Renewable Energy, ii. Health, iii. Water and Food Management.
5. Promoting online courses that can host a greater amount of students at a lower expanse a. Continuing to offer courses diversified in languages so that students from all member states can learn despite the language barrier.
6. To establish an OAS bank for student loans, invested by the OAS, to provide students with low-interest student debt for enabling students to pursue higher education; a. Offering low-interest and affordable student loans to qualified students of the member states for their post-secondary education. b. Ensuring all capable students can successfully loan enough money to finish tertiary education.
52 CIDI-2-b
PROMOTION OF NATIONAL AND REGIONAL EFFORTS TO ACHIEVE BETTER COORDINATION BETWEEN MINISTRIES OF EDUCATION AND LABORTO ADDRESS THE CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE OF WORK
Resolutions presented by the delegations of: Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and Saint Kitts and Nevis,
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
TAKING NOTE OF the success and failure of the contemporary solutions brought about in the Inter- Sectoral Workshop on “Skills for the Future: Coordination between the Ministries of Education and Labor”
CONSIDERING the advancement of technological innovations which provides jobs in modernized sectors while also replacing jobs with the introduction of automation;
RECOGNIZING the amount of child labor within the status quo of these countries that limits the educational opportunity and stifles vital economic growth, which are needed for the wellbeing of the people;
EMPHASIZING the role that equality plays in our human rights, where educational opportunities should be promoted equally to all to reduce the disparity in socioeconomic status;
BEARING IN MIND how corruption impacts the quality of education due to money being diverted to other unknown sources instead of improving the status of schools,
RESOLVES: 1) To improve the coordination between the Ministers of Education and Labor; a) Call for the member states of the OAS to enhance cooperation between the ministers of education and labor in order to prepare youth for their future in labor. b) Make an agreement and settle a work plan, in which they clarify the main problems. c) Arrange meetings in specific periods of time to ensure the coordination of policy is present. d) Open telegram channels to enhance the level of communication between the ministries i) If funding is necessary, multiregional banks, such as the Inter-American Development Bank, will suffice
2) To provide access to technology within school systems, creating accessible learning programs, and improving the standard of education via technology so that it is more applicable to the greater workforce; a) Receive fund contributions by the Fund of the Inter-American Council for Integral Development (FEMCIDI) and the World Bank of computers for students i) Create funding through OAS groups such as the World Bank Group and Inter- American Development Bank. b) Creation of technology based communication programs within schools i) Member State founded contribution to run training programs for teachers in schools on establishing better international relations and global awareness within the communication program. 53 3) To ensure child labor is inhibited throughout member states; a) Creating a committee that acknowledges the harms of child labor and builds awareness within their nation i) Reinforcing the laws and restrictions ii) provide a better education to ensure children understand the arms of labor as a child. b) Formalize teen work. i) provide experience for future workers.
4) To prevent the spread of corruption which leads to the misplacement of crucial funds devoted to the improvement of educational systems; a) Create an oversight council within each member state to monitor the flow of funding. i) Establish periodic meetings of the member states and various government officials to manage. b) Outline the specific acquisition of resources.
54
CIDI-2-c
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INTER-AMERICAN PROGRAM FOR THE PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF MIGRANTS, INCLUDING MIGRANT WORKERS AND THEIR FAMILIES Resolutions presented by the delegations of Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Saint Vincent and The Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Venezuela
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
ACKNOWLEDGING, the importance of migration and the decision of people to migrate due to their social wellbeing and security;
RECOGNIZING, the promotion and protection of the human rights of migrants and the rights through the development of different activities and the integration of stated action of the OAS;
BEARING IN MIND, migration in Costa Rica has increased the last year due to lack of job opportunities because of the hard political, economic and social situation of Nicaragua. Nicaraguan people are seeking for the process to enter as refugees and have the protection of the nation;
EXPECTING, compromises and agreements between Member States of the nations in order to contribute to the international cooperation to support administration of regular and efficient migration,
RESOLVES:
1. To ensure immigrants a successful adaptation, a favorable job, and prevent the lack of jobs in the nation by;
a) Maintaining friendly relationships between Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Saint Vincent and The Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Venezuela for the preoccupation of the impact of migration in small countries to develop alliances between big business for the adaptation of incoming citizens
2. Help the government of each country who is taking in immigrants, to supervise them and ensure their safety by;
a) Granting provisional passports, or identification documents, so that immigrants are in the database and have a life insurance.
b) Generating long-term solutions that allow persons to regulate the immigration status so they can be able to enter jobs in different countries.
3. To promote more workshops around the hemisphere that assure immigrants receive equal rights
a) Requesting that countries enforce workshops to contain the equal rights
55 b) To secure additional funding for immigrants with the help of The Inter-American network for labor administration
4. Providing basic necessities and needs to be successful by fostering cooperation between the different ministry groups
a) Providing free bus passes and transportation for a year b) Granting food stamps and discounts in grocery stores
56
37th MODEL OAS GENERAL ASSEMBLY FOR HIGH SCHOOLS
BOOK OF RESOLUTIONS SPECIAL COMMITTEE
57 SC-1-a
ARTICULATION OF THE INTER-AMERICAN AGENDA REGARDING EFFORTS TO DIGITIZE AND IMPROVE MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
Resolution presented by the Delegations of Argentina, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Honduras, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico and Venezuela.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
BEARING IN MIND that micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSME) account for large portions of many countries’ GDP and play a crucial role in their economies, it is imperative that the OAS support them in their development and assist in adjusting to technological evolution.
RECALLING that there is a lack of innovation in the region.
RECOGNIZING that technology and innovation is a crucial part of the development of nations in the Americas, and it should be implemented in all countries for their economic growth.
CONSIDERING that within low and middle-income countries, small and medium enterprises have issues staying relevant in the 21st century with modern, constantly advancing digitalization and need to become more familiar with them starting at the high school level.
REAFFIRMING that CARICOM aims to launch and establish small business development centers in five Member States to improve the sophistication and knowledge of the important aspects of micro, small, and medium enterprises.
REITERATING the importance of micro, small, and medium enterprises as a tool for success in economies, employment rates, and overall growth in developing countries.
RESOLVES:
1. To establish a committee under the Inter-American Economic Council which will oversee:
a) The creation and management of a hemisphere-wide scientific research center with the aim of drawing talent from all over the hemisphere in order to foster innovation in several fields like Genetics and Green Energy.
b) Establishment of a system of training programs within a group of selected schools in which designated students are able to use a virtual communication system to partake in a business and preparation class with other participating students from the Americas to familiar
I. Schools may apply to be selected for the program. The selection of schools would be based upon their region. Schools in low-income regions with fewer resources would be given priority. II. By partnering with large technological institutions, such as Apple or Microsoft, the participating schools would be given televisions along with additional materials. III. After graduating from the program, participants will be evaluated to see if they qualify to move
58 on to the scientific research center.
c) Establishment of virtual platform and database of MSMEs throughout the hemisphere with the goals of: I. Allowing MSMEs in the same sector but in different countries to communicate and allow their products/services to cross borders and expand into other nations and regions. II. Providing a forum for communication between enterprises which will be mutually beneficial to both parties in addition to both countries of origin. III. Facilitating cooperation between large multinational companies and local MSMEs throughout the hemisphere.
d) By launching a center for small and medium enterprises, they can not only get economic help but they can get help on online platforms. I. Creating more competitiveness among different MSMEs
2. To establish a scientific research center that will be in charge of:
a) The further development of new technologies in the genetic field such as Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (or CRISPR) with cas 13 to develop ethically responsible adaptations for different organisms that will benefit all the countries.
b) The experimentation of new protocols designed for people with low resources such as the TRIZOL reagent for protein extraction.
c) Developing forms of energy such as tidal energy and other green energies having in mind impoverished countries and the environmental impact.
59 SC-1-b
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MOBILITY AND TRAINING PROGRAM FOR ENGINEERS IN THE AMERICAS (FINAM).
Resolution presented by the delegations of Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Paraguay and Saint Kitts and Nevis
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
TAKING INTO ACCOUNT the objective of the Panama Action Plan to implement the Mobility and Training Program for Engineers in the Americas (FINAM);
That the objectives of The Mobility/Training for Engineers in the Americas Program include strengthening the integral education of students, graduates and engineering faculty, promoting and consolidating durable partnerships between higher education institutions in the Americas that can be responsible to train engineers in the Member States, benefitting the mutual recognition of academic periods by promoting research development within inter-university networks, impulsing the development of internships that are supervised by different enterprises, and benefitting technology transfer and innovation through the promotion of research and development;
EXPRESSING SATISFACTION in Chile’s successful implementation of the Global Entrepreneurial Contest Start-Up Chile in 2016 and satisfaction with Mexico, for the first successful year of its scholarship program, CONACYT-OEA-AMEXCID, for masters and PhD programs in engineering;
FULLY AWARE OF the extent of disparities in higher education that exist between various member states;
RECOGNIZING the importance of science, technology, innovation, and engineering for the development of member states’ economies and mitigation of inequalities;
BEARING IN MIND that each member state may have different individual needs regarding the modification of their respective engineering graduate and undergraduate education systems,
RESOLVES:
1. To request that Member States participating in the Panama Action Plan Working Group 2 ensure that job opportunities for engineering undergraduate and graduate students are created in OAS Member States by; a. Implementing exchange programs between universities in different Member States in which students perform research and teach courses at their partner institutions.
2. To promote the improvement of engineering graduate and undergraduate programs in developing Member States by requesting that the COMYCT; a. Incentivize the formation of relationships between highly renowned universities in developed countries and universities with a lower quality of education and access to educational resources.
60 b. Aid in the creation of chapters of Engineers without Borders in various Member States in order to promote critical thinking and technical building skills in engineering graduate and undergraduate students. c. Organize an annual STEM Summit to promote international projects, strengthen the mechanisms in collaboration of the participants, and deepen and widen opportunities of efficient cooperation between students and faculty of universities in various Member States.
3. To reduce inequalities in higher-education enrollment between men and women in the STEM fields in various Member States by; a. Creating scholarships specifically for female students pursuing advanced degrees in engineering. b. Encouraging women in various Member States to participate in SciGirls in order to develop programs to promote girls’ interest in STEM fields.
4. To encourage individuals of marginalized groups (ie.; indigenous people, disabled) to pursue STEM degrees by; a. Introducing scholarship programs and financial aid packages specifically for students intending to pursue advanced STEM degrees. b. Creating coalitions of students who identify with various underrepresented groups to collaborate on research projects, join study groups, and form relationships with mentors.
5. To request the General Secretariat to continue identifying sources of funding by; a. Acquiring funds from within the OAS as well as international and regional financial institutions and national government agencies, among others, for adequate funding of FINAM and other aforementioned project initiatives, and, when applicable, for the full and effective implementation of its recommendations and of the activities of the countries at which such recommendations are directed. b. Financing the planned activities in each Member State according to the available annual budget of the institutions responsible for funding the program and with the necessary adjustments to the regulations in each country.
61 SC-1c
PROMOTING THE REGIONALIZATION OF INITIATIVES AIMED AT STRENGTHENING INSTITUTIONS, HUMAN RESOURCES TRAINING, AND COLLABORATION BETWEEN THE QUALITY INFRASTRUCTURE COUNCIL FOR THE AMERICAS (QICA) AND THE INTER- AMERICAN COMPETITIVENESS NETWORK (RIAC).
Resolutions presented by the delegations of: Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, United States of America, Uruguay, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
NOTING that the purposes of the Quality Infrastructure Council of the Americas (QICA) and the Inter- American Competitiveness Network (RIAC) have similar goals in promoting competitiveness, innovation, trade, and collaboration,
KEEPING IN MIND the importance of the creation of the Quality Infrastructure Council of the Americas (QICA) in 2011 in order to foster an environment of “competitiveness, innovation, trade and consumer safety by enhancing the ability of OAS member states to have access to internationally recognized quality infrastructure services.
TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION the purpose of the Inter-American Competitiveness Network (RIAC) to strengthen the exchange and collaboration between countries while also developing and approving guides towards regional and national efforts to improve competitiveness.
BEARING IN MIND that initiatives for regionalization already in place like the Union of South American Nations (UNASU) and the Initiative for the Integration of Regional Infrastructure in South America (IIRSA) have been in place and that globalization is undergoing a gradual descent.
CONSIDERING that science, technology and innovation are essential elements for improving the quality of life of the people and the economic performance of member states in an inclusive, sustainable, and environmentally sustainable way, as well as a solution to the great challenges that we face as a society; That development cooperation is crucial in promoting equitable and inclusive innovation and foresight for new technologies in industry, agriculture, communications, education, health, the environment, energy, transport, and other sectors, and that it is therefore a priority to promote mechanisms to enable science, technology, and innovation to contribute to social and economic development.
RESOLVES: 1. Promoting initiatives aimed at strengthening institutions a. Have representatives for American sub region (USA, Costa Rica, Trinidad y Tobago, and Ecuador to convoke a forum once every five years to discuss regionalization and competitiveness efforts b. Create an institution for the whole Western Hemisphere that is checked by the OAS to limit corruption, possible fraud, and balance power between member states to ensure the quality of the products. i. Funded by the World Bank. ii. Have all member states meet once every five years to discuss the regionalization efforts.
62 c. Ensure the availability of institutions (both governmental and non-governmental) which aim is to promote competitiveness amongst different regions and businesses. i. The funding and aiding of the project is to come from the EU (European union) countries that have already pledged. An example of this institution is the PROCALIDAD project, launched in Costa Rica in 2012 with the help of the EU. It allows improvements in competitiveness as well as promote the internationalization of Costa Rican SMEs
2. Collaboration between the Quality Infrastructure Council for the Americas (QICA) and the Inter- American Competitiveness Network (RIAC). a. Hold a conference hosted by the World Economic Forum between these enterprises once every three years to share knowledge of principles, policies, and existing rules regarding the promotion of productivity, competitiveness, and innovation in the areas of science and technology. b. Assign a liaison that will act as the communicator between the two organizations, ensure its effectiveness, and regulate the balance of power between them.
3. Promotion of entrepreneurial spirit by; a. PSA (Public service announcement) on workshops about how to become an entrepreneur geared toward younger populations for more growth and outcome. b. Create competitions with prize money that will fund start-ups.
4. Strengthen human resources training by; a. trading information regarding advanced human resources training techniques with all member states of the Western Hemisphere
b. Hosting an international end of the year retreat for all staff in the human resources branch in every member state in the Western Hemisphere to foster feelings of community and purpose once every three years. c. Campaign about the importance of human resources and how it increases productivity, competitiveness, and innovation i. Campaigning through ads, social media, distributive flyers, an online website, commercials, etc.
5. To increase an overall higher production of better quality goods and services in the member states participating by; a. Developing a business model which boosts work with community leaders for the development of local MSMEs to promote a higher quality of goods and services. b. The business model will be promoted and designed by each member state in order to cater to each state’s individual needs and characteristics of each member state. c. The model will be funded by either the World Bank or the OAS.
63 SC-2-a
DEVELOPING PRACTICES THAT FOSTER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NECESSARY TELECOMMUNICATIONS/ICTS WITH ENDS OF PROMOTING DEVELOPMENT IN REGIONS WITH A FOCUS ON UNDERSERVED SECTORS
Resolution presented by the Delegations of: Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Honduras, Jamaica, and Mexico
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
BEING AWARE OF the united efforts of the Member States of the OAS, as established in the Charter VII, Article 30, to ensure the integral development of the educational, cultural, scientific, and technological fields in order to ensure the peace and security of their people, as well as advance economic development, as promoted through the Inter-American Council for Integral Development;
ACKNOWLEDGING resolution AG/RES. 1224 (XXIII-O/93) of the OAS, which recognizes the vital role of telecommunications as a tool to achieve economic and social development with equity among member states;
CONSIDERING that in some developing countries there is a lack of internet, growth in the telecommunications sector is fundamental to economic development and that 38% of people in Mexico, 27% of people in Paraguay, and 20% of Honduras and El Salvador do not have access to internet.
NOTING the importance of establishing appropriate auxiliary support to mitigate and prevent disasters, noting that telecommunications form an integral role regarding natural disaster warning, mitigation, and relief,
RESOLVES: 1. To promote discussions and the exchange of best practices (regarding disaster reliefs) between member states on the identification and optimization in the use of telecommunication/ICT resources, such as electricity, radio, internet access among others are working through the appropriate and credited OAS charters and bodies
2. To work alongside government and telecommunications regulators/providers in order to define proper regulatory frameworks that require collaboration in disaster reduction features in their licensing regime.
3. To push towards the modernization of communication grids with three fundamental aims: preventing damage, increasing the survivability of the service, and providing rapid recovery thereafter.
a. Standardize the requirement of the undergrounding of electrical lines in coastal areas prone to flooding via expert monitoring i. This will be done in increments of 5 years b. Identify problematic areas regarding electric power; this may include outdated or otherwise faulty equipment i. Instrumenting connections with international organizations in order to fund these measures. a. Budgetary allocations may be provided by the following: 1. Government funding 64 2. Fundraising 3. Funding by OAS Permanent observers
4. To strengthen the members of CITEL by improving and systemizing management of its various procedures with ends of increasing the appropriate integration of necessary ICTS/telecommunications by;
a. To promote the member state allocates specific resources of each member state to attend this issue i. Making countries aware of the importance of telecommunications in the world economy in order to incentivize funding
b. Increase regional participation of member states by: i. Establishing an annual financial aid granted to member states that comply to policies in order to continue funding the telecom sector in said country
5. To establish policies that focus on integrating underserved areas into telecommunications by;
a. Promoting engagement in capacity building to promote to operators, regulators, and the community in the use of telecommunications as a tool for social development, security, and human rights. i. Encourage OAS member states to participate in the World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly which defines the next study for ITU-T which coordinates the standards for telecommunication technology in order to keep up with the most current trends and standards of Telecommunication throughout other OAS states that are also attempting to implement telecommunications in underserved areas. b. Implement Digital Literacy i. Through door to door informational broadcasting, people living within rural areas will be able to learn to be digitally literate. ii. Creating more programs within schools and universities that encourage participation in ITC
6. To establish appropriate response mechanisms as well as preemptive procedures by;
a. Regarding disaster warning/damage prevention i. Establishing cooperation links between public and private agencies, technical associations, regional institutions, and educational and research institutions in order to assess risks and areas of vulnerability ii. Through the form of Public Service announcements, make the public aware of: 1. Local agencies with information of disaster response, shelters, evacuation plans, etc. 2. The importance of having a predetermined action plan in case of disaster.
65 SC-2-b
THE IMPACT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE
The resolution presented by the Delegations of Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Brazil, St. Kitts and Nevis
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
BEARING IN MIND that telecommunications are an essential part of everyday life, ranging from internet access, energy, and electricity;
EMPHASIZING that according to a 2016 Inter-American Development Bank report, an estimated 23 million people in Latin America still lack electricity and therefore access to telecommunications;
TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION that an academic journal written by the Department of Social Sciences at the University of Chile finds that a lack of energy and electricity disproportionately hits women and girls harder;
CONSIDERING that the effects of climate change hit underdeveloped nations the hardest, as their citizens lack safety nets such as welfare and social security;
REAFFIRMING that according to research from the Global e-Sustainability Initiative, ICTs have the potential to reduce global carbon emissions by 20% by 2030;
REITERATING that the accessibility to telecommunications is crucial to the development of nations and the well-being of future generations;
RESOLVES: 1. To reduce greenhouse gases and save the environment by: a. To propose that countries invest in Information and Communication Technology (ICTs), a form of telecommunications; b. To call countries to understand that the initial investment costs into ICTs are outweighed by the benefits, which include removing greenhouse gases and lowering poverty; c. To spread awareness that investment in ICTs could remove 4.5 million metric tons of carbon dioxide annually according to a Harvard Business School study; d. To realize that increased investment in ICTs also directly reduce poverty, as when Chile increased investment in ICTs by 7.4%, poverty dropped by 4% in the same year according to the World Bank;
2. To implement policies of proper disposal of e-waste to prevent any further damage to our environment by: a. To propose that other countries in the Latin American adopt Bolivia’s current e-waste disposal procedure according to Telesur; b. To urge countries to collaborate with the e-waste management companies, like REEcicla, to ensure safe and correct disposal according to a Swiss study; c. To spread awareness because a study conducted by the World Economic Forum finds that old electronic devices contain toxic substances such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and chromium,
66 proper disposal is essential to ensure that these materials are not released into the environment. They may also contain other heavy metals and potentially toxic chemical flame retardants.
3. To seek a digitized administration, since less paper can make a positive impact in the environment by: a. Guaranteeing the progress and betterment of the environment such as recycling programs. The programs will be funded through programs such as the Global Recycling Foundation whose purpose is to fund educational and awareness programs. b. The use of less paper and the implementation of technology can help with climate issues; c. To provide public schools a better technology like computers and digitalize boards, funded by the Global Recycling Foundation d. To coordinate strategic plans to attract investors that could fund different projects to help in the research for a better construction infrastructure to adapt the ICT sector to different climates;
4. To increase awareness of the environment and climate change by:
a. Working with government owned television and radio stations to create more Public Service Announcements. I. Creating commercials, promoting taking care of the environment to prevent climate change. II. Incorporating environmental awareness in education.
i. Getting youth involved ii. Incorporating effects of how daily activities lead to the changing climate in science classes.
67 SC-2-c
INITIATIVES TO RESPOND TO THE USE AND APPROPRIATION OF TELECOMMUNICATION/ICT’s IN THE REGION, PARTICULARLY BY WOMEN, GIRLS, AND PEOPLE WITH SPECIAL NEEDS.
Resolution presented by the delegation of Costa Rica, United States of America, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Grenada, St. Lucia, Venezuela, Guatemala, and El Salvador
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
RECOGNIZE the possibilities and capacities of the nation to implement the use and appropriation of telecommunications and ICT’s in the territory;
HAVE KNOWLEDGE of the quantity of the citizens along the region that do not have the possibilities to be digitally included;
BEAR IN MIND that women, girls, and people with special needs living in the nation should have a remarkable intervention in the use and appropriation of telecommunications and ICT’s in the region;
TAKE NOTE OF the significance of this and the importance of taking advantage of the potential the nation has in order to implement the use and appropriation of digitalization throughout the territory;
ACCEPT that the use of telecommunications promotes transparency and democracy;
RESOLVES:
1. To promote the incorporation of programs that would raise the abilities of girls in ICT matters. a. Propose a requirement of courses in school in order to raise the capacities of girls within all the ranges of telecommunications and ICT’s. i. Required courses that provide education for girls on how to use telecommunications efficiently and properly, therefore, leading to greater interest in the field of ICTs/Telecommunications.
2. To promote lCTs in support of the fundamental rights for people to communicate. a. To release advertisements that portray the importance of being digitally included in order to communicate the fundamental rights of people. b. Contact social platforms and encourage digital inclusion among the citizens in the region. c. Create a campaign with the OAS in order to raise awareness of the importance of the communication of the fundamental rights of people.
3. Promoting fairs in order to train women and girls in entrepreneurship a. Workshops with the mission of women to learn and be able to apply what they learned properly for better development modernly. b. Simplistic websites that make courses accessible and understandable to women no matter their ability or circumstance.
68 4. Advocate Regional projects in order to expand free internet in public areas in a way that allows a larger reach for the benefit of citizens. a. Volunteer work among the citizens of the region and in schools. b. The funding of companies to help their civilians and the making of projects in order to expand the internet ratio in certain regions of the nation. c. Developing easier means of entry to the internet in public areas, such as schools, parks, and libraries. Funding will be from the World Bank and the member states.
5. To promote education through the appropriate telecommunication channels in the form of public service announcements, campaigns, and advertisements guided towards women, girls, people with special needs. a. To advise each member state to monitor the implementation of said promotion of telecommunications yearly and make necessary changes to appropriately adapt to technological advances. b. To monitor the effectiveness of said promotion of ICTs/telecommunications by conducting surveys directed at citizens exposed to said promotions to be overseen by each member state.
* Telecommunications can have a substantial effect on the economic and social development of a country. In order to promote the use of telecommunications by particularly women, girls and people with special needs, countries must make sure they increase the rates of education, jobs, equality, and security to allow everyone to freely broadcast their point of view. This promotion of telecommunications allows citizens of a country want to remain there, but also inspire others to move to and contribute to the diversity by seeing what a well-rounded and educated country they are. By raising education, you can and diminish the crime rate and elevate the job opportunities which allows these educated people to promote their story and show a great variety in the media, therefore, resolving the issue of appropriation of Telecommunications. A good and diverse telecommunication system in a country can have substantial effects and help eliminate the dangers of a single bias point of view. Allowing all citizens of a country to have a voice in the media, especially minorities, is vital in efforts to create a diverse and triumphant country.
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