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O Gênero Jacquemontia Choisy (Convolvulaceae) No Estado De São Paulo, Brasil

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O Gênero Jacquemontia Choisy (Convolvulaceae) No Estado De São Paulo, Brasil MAYARA PASTORE O gênero Jacquemontia Choisy (Convolvulaceae) no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do título de MESTRE em BIODIVERSIDADE VEGETAL E MEIO AMBIENTE, na Área de Concentração de Plantas Vasculares em Análises Ambientais. SÃO PAULO 2014 MAYARA PASTORE O gênero Jacquemontia Choisy (Convolvulaceae) no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do título de MESTRE em BIODIVERSIDADE VEGETAL E MEIO AMBIENTE, na Área de Concentração de Plantas Vasculares em Análises Ambientais. ORIENTADORA: DRA. ROSÂNGELA SIMÃO BIANCHINI Comissão julgadora: ________________________________ __________________________________ Prof. (a) Dr. (a) Prof. (a) Dr. (a) ______________________________ Prof.ª Dra. Rosângela Simão Bianchini Capa: Jacquemontia cataractae Krapov. Arte - Otávio Luis Marques da Silva. A todo ser humano que vive e age no coletivo, que conhece ou aprende sobre a importância das interações ecológicas e que luta pela conservação da vida sem negar a importância de todos os níveis tróficos, mesmo que tenha já nascido, sem escolha, em um sistema que há exploração do homem pelo homem, dedico. Agradecimentos À minha orientadora Dra. Rosângela Simão Bianchini por me apresentar à botânica, especialmente à Convolvulaceae e Asteraceae, por me passar seus ensinamentos continuamente, pela motivação, amizade, confiança e liberdade de trabalho. À minha família, especialmente aos meus pais Rosemeire Silva Paes Pastore e Milton Pastore por todo o apoio, incentivo e educação. Ao meu amor e companheiro Rafael Melo de Brito, por estar ao meu lado apoiando e contribuindo com este trabalho, ajudando sempre que possível, no campo e na organização dos meus dados. Ao Instituto de Botânica, especialmente ao Núcleo de Pesquisa Curadoria do Herbário SP e ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente por toda a infra-estrutura disponibilizada. À Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) pela bolsa concedida. Ao meu parceiro de trabalho André Luiz da Costa Moreira por todas as trocas de informações e por ter contribuído no desenvolvimento deste trabalho através dos estudos sobre as lindas Jacquemontia. Aos meus irmãos científicos, Dra. Cíntia Vieira da Silva, Dra. Fátima Otavina de Souza, Msc. Talisson Resende Capistrano, Liziane Vasconcelos, André Luiz da Costa Moreira, Fernanda Satori Petrongari, Geolanda Nascimento Silva, Natália Lima e Gabriela Castelo Branco. À Dra. Priscila Porto Alegre Ferreira por ter dividido suas conclusões sobre as Jacquemontia da Região Sul do Brasil e pelas fotos fornecidas. Aos membros da banca do exame de qualificação Dra. Cíntia Kameyama, Dra. Maria Cândida Mamede e Marília Cristina Duarte por ter avaliado este trabalho com seus resultados parciais e pelas sugestões. Ao Vitor Gedha Pescara pelas belas ilustrações cobertas a nanquim. Á Fernanda Satori Petrongari, pela revisão bibliográfica deste trabalho, pela troca de informações sobre o gênero Merremia, pela coletas que realizamos juntas e pela sua amizade. Ao Victor M. Gonçales, que me ajudou muito principalmente na montagem das pranchas de ilustrações, além das trocas de informações taxonômicas, especialmente sobre a morfologia dos tricomas e pela sua divertida amizade. Aos amigos e colegas que me acompanharam nas prazerosas viagens de coleta: Anderson Aparecido Lemos, Augusto Francener, Cátia Takeuch, Climbiê Holl, Eurípides Macedo, Evandro Fortes, Fabio da Cunha Brito, Fernanda Satori Petrongari, Gabriela Castelo Branco, Geolanda Nascimento Silva, Filomena Henrique Silva, Hebert Kondrat, Sérgio Adachi, Marcos Leite Enoque Lima, Otávio Marques Silva, Rafael Melo de Brito, Rafaela Freitas, Rosangela Simão Bianchini e Sérgio Bianchini. À Dra. Luciana Benatti pela assistência e orientação da microscopia eletrônica de varredura com muita competência e insistência em viabilizar esse importante instrumento para a morfologia dos tricomas de Jacquemontia. Ao João Bringel e Taciana Barbosa Cavalcanti pela elaboração dos mapas de distribuição das espécies. À Dra. Maria Margarida R. Fiuza de Melo, pelo incentivo, pela revisão da dissertação, e pelas histórias botânicas contadas em nossos agradáveis almoços. Ao Evandro Fortes pela nossa amizade e por estar sempre disposto ao trabalho no núcleo do herbário SP e nas viagens de coleta com muita disposição. Ao Msc. Marcos Leite Enoque Lima, por me motivar desde o início aos estudos botânicos, pelos ensinamentos ecológicos e por me acompanhar nas coletas. Ao Msc. Otávio Marques Silva por me acompanhar em várias atividades cotidianas do mestrado, como disciplinas, várias viagens de campo, pelas dicas de informática, pela maravilhosa capa elaborada para este trabalho e pela sua disposição em ajudar os amigos. Ao Msc. Rodrigo Sampaio Rodrigues por estar ao meu lado como amigo e colega de trabalho desde a iniciação científica me acompanho em coletas e me motivando com a sua sabedoria taxonômica e por me ajudar a concluir este trabalho. À Filomena Henrique Silva, por se tornar minha amiga e companheira de mestrado, me motivando com a sua alegria e por me acompanhar na coleta de Juquery. À Msc. Cátia Takeuch pelas dicas taxonômicas e pelas dicas para o desenvolvimento das ilustrações, por me acompanhar na busca insistente para a coleta de J. sphaereostigma e pela sincera amizade. Ao Msc. Allan Carlos Pscheidt, por me ajudar cotidianamente com dicas e motivação para as ilustrações, tocas de informações taxonômicas e pela sua companhia divertida como colega de trabalho. À Dra. Lúcia Rossi, pela disposição de esclarecer diversas de minhas dúvidas taxonômicas e nomenclaturais. Aos funcionários do herbário SP Ana Célia T.A. Calado, Claudinéia de Lourdes Inácio, Evandro Fortes e Marcela Inácio da Silva por estarem disponíveis aos trabalho técnicos do herbário, sem vocês as pesquisas não funcionariam. Aos pesquisadores do Instituto de Botânica, especialmente, Dra. Adriana Hissae Hayashi, Dra. Angela, Dr. Eduardo L.M. Catharino, Dra. Cíntia Kameyama, Dra. Cíntia Luz, Dr. Fábio de Barros, Dra. Gerleni L. Esteves, Dra. Inês Cordeiro, Dr. Jefferson Prado, Dra. Lúcia Rossi, Dr. Maria Amélia, Dra. Maria das Graças L. Wanderley, Dra. Marie Sugiyama, Dra. M. Beatriz Caruso, Dra. Marília C. Duarte, Dra. Mizué Kirizawa, Dra. Rosângela Simão Bianchini, Dr. Sérgio Romaniuc Neto, Msc. Sonia Aragaki e Dr. Tarciso S. Filgueiras. A todos os amigos, pós-graduandos e estagiários, em especial: Alessandra, dos Santos, Aluísio J. Fernadez Junior, Ana Angélica Souza, André Gaglioti, Augusto Francener, Augusto T.A. Moraes, Berta Lúcia P. Villagra, Camila Correia de Araújo, Cátia Takeuchi, Cíntia Vieira da Silva, Fátima O. Souza Buturi, Filomena H. da Silva, Gabriela Castelo Branco, Geolanda Nascimento Silva, Gisela Pelissari, Gisele Oliveira, Juliana Santos Guedes, Klei Souza, Marcos Enoque L. Lima, Otávio Marques Silva, Patrícia S. José, Rafael Felipe Almeida, Rafaela Freitas, Rodrigo Sampaio Rodrigues, Sueli A. Nicolau, Vitor Gedha Pescara, Victor M. Gonçalez e Yasmin Vidal Hirao. Ao Velhinho Gontran Guanaes Netto por todo o incentivo e motivação para as ilustrações. Aos meus grandes amigos que sempre me apoiaram: Anderson A. Lemos, Bruna Zanqueta, Camila Testi Tobara, Claúdia Montanari, Danubia Ivanoff, Fábio da Cunha Brito, Jemmy Lee Elis de Oliveira, Lívia Xavier, Fábio da Cunha Brito, Michel A. Breve, Samara R. Domingos e Victor Dimitrov. SUMÁRIO 1. Introdução ........................................................................................................ 1 1.1. Convolvulaceae Juss. ................................................................................. 1 1.2. Circunscrição de Jacquemontia ................................................................. 7 1.3. Caracterização de Jacquemontia Choisy ................................................. 10 2. Material e métodos ........................................................................................ 14 2.1. Área de Estudo - o estado de São Paulo .................................................. 14 2.2. As formações vegetacionais nas quais se concentram as espécies de Jacquemontia .................................................................................................. 16 2.3. O Projeto Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo .......................... 17 2.4. Levantamento bibliográfico ..................................................................... 17 2.5. Atividades no herbário SP ....................................................................... 18 2.6. Visitas aos herbários ................................................................................ 18 2.7. Excursões de coleta e processamento das amostras ................................. 19 2.8. Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura ...................................................... 21 2.9. Elaboração da dissertação ........................................................................ 21 3. Resultados e Discussão .................................................................................. 23 3.1. Hábito ....................................................................................................... 26 3.2. Tricomas .................................................................................................. 27 3.3. Folhas ......................................................................................................
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