Table of Contents

German Programme on Biodiversity and Global Change

(Phase I, 2000 - 2004) Funded by BMBF

Status Report 2001

INTRODUCTION TO THE PROGRAMME BIOLOG...... 10 BIOLOG EUROPE...... 12 BIOLOG AFRICA...... 14 BIODIVERSITY INFORMATICS IN THE BIOLOG PROGRAMME ...... 16

BIOLOG EUROPE Project ID: 01LC0002...... 20 GLOBAL CHANGE-DEPENDENT SPREAD OF NEOPHYTES: RELATIONSHIP TO ECOSYSTEM CHANGE (CASE STUDY: FLOODPLAINS OF THE RIVER RHINE) Project ID: 01LC0004...... 22 RECONSTRUCTING HISTORICAL BIODIVERSITY FROM ARCHIVAL SOURCES Project ID: 01LC0005...... 24 BIODIVERSITY CHANGE DURING 20 YEARS OF SUCCESSION: IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT OF RESTORATION Project ID: 01LC0006...... 26 ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY OF HIGHER FUNGI IN CENTRAL EUROPE (GERMANY) Project ID: 01LC0010...... 28 CONDITIONS OF A RATIONAL BIODIVERSITY POLICY FOR GERMANY, AS A PART OF THE EUROPEAN UNION Project ID: 01LC0012 (Subproject 1)...... 30 EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS – INTROGRESSIVE HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN INVASIVE AND NATIVE RORIPPA (BRASSICACEAE). Project ID: 01LC0012 (Subproject 2)...... 32 EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS – ONGOING HYBRIDIZATION PROCESSES BETWEEN CARDAMINE TAXA AT THE URNERBODEN, CENTRAL SWITZERLAND

1 Project ID: 01LC0013...... 34 BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION IN GRASSLANDS - THE EFFECTS OF HERBIVORY AND DROUGHT STRESS Project ID: 01LC0013 (Subproject STOFF)...... 36 THE CARBON AND NITROGEN CYCLES IN GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEMS OF DIFFERENT DIVERSITIES Project ID: 01LC0013 (Subproject RAUM)...... 38 A SPATIAL MODEL FOR INDICATING ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS Project ID: 01LC0013 (Subproject ENTO)...... 40 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INSECT HERBIVORIE, DIVERSITY, INSECT DIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES Project ID: 01LC0013 (Subproject GENMOD) ...... 42 GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY AND RESPONSE TO DISTURBANCES IN GRASSLAND SYSTEMS: MODELLING AND EMPIRICAL RESEARCH Projekt ID: 01LC0014...... 44 BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS IN GRASSLAND Projekt ID: 01LC0014 (Subproject Vegetation) ...... 46 TAXONOMIC, FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ABOVE-GROUND PLANT FEATURES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS Projekt ID: 01LC0014 (Subproject Roots) ...... 48 THE ROLE OF BIODIVERSITY FOR STORAGE OF CARBON AND MINERALS IN ROOTS, AND ACQUISITION OF SOIL RESSOURCES IN GRASSLAND Projekt ID: 01LC0014 (Subproject Soil) ...... 50 THE IMPACT OF PLANT DIVERSITY OF GRASSLANDS ON WATER- AND NUTRIENT-FLUXES IN SOILS AND SOIL ORGANIC MATTER Project ID: 01LC0015 (Subproject VEGETATION ECOLOGY) ...... 52 DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN SALT MEADOWS OF THE 'VORPOMMERSCHE BODDENLANDSCHAFT' – SPATIO-TEMPORAL DYNAMICS AND ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION OF BIODIVERSITY IN BRACKISH GRASSLANDS PROJECT ID: 01LC0015 (Subproject LANDSCAPE ECONOMY)...... 54 DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN SALT MEADOWS OF THE 'VORPOMMERSCHE BODDENLANDSCHAFT' – ECONOMICAL VALUATION OF BIODIVERSITY Project ID: 01LC0015 (Subproject ECOLOGY)...... 56 DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN SALT MEADOWS OF THE 'VORPOMMERSCHE BODDENLANDSCHAFT' - DYNAMICS IN DIVERSITY OF ANIMAL SPECIES AND COMMUNITIES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO DISPERSAL PROCESSES Project ID: 01LC0015 (Subproject SOIL SCIENCE) ...... 58 DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN SALT MEADOWS OF THE 'VORPOMMERSCHE BODDENLANDSCHAFT' - WATER AND SALT DYNAMICS OF SALTY MEADOW AND MARSH SOILS Project ID: 01LC0018 (SUBICON Subproject 1)...... 60 SUBICON - SUCCESSIONAL CHANGE AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN A RED OAK CHRONOSEQUENCE – SUCCESSION OF DIVERSITY AND FUNCTION OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL TYPES IN RED OAK FOREST ECOSYSTEMS Project ID: 01LC0018 (SUBICON Subproject 2)...... 62 BIODIVERSITY OF PLANT COMMUNITIES AND SELECTED PHYTOPHAGES IN RED OAK DOMINATED ECOSYSTEMS

2 Project ID: 01LC0018 (SUBICON Subproject 3)...... 64 GENETIC DIVERS