The New Quebec and Labrador Iron Ore Project Trh New Quebec and Labrador
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AP 1948-01 THE NEW QUEBEC AND LABRADOR IRON ORE PROJECT TRH NEW QUEBEC AND LABRADOR IRON ORE PROJECT by J.A. RETTY FOREWORD The following descriptive notes are for the information of individuals who may wish to learn of developments, past and present, in the iron ore field of New Quebec and labrador. They are rarely factual and are not in- tended as a story. 1L--2041 GENIUS, INFORMATION Location and Area 1. Newfoundland-Labrador Concession A: Location The concession is located in the upper basins of the Ha- milton and Naskaupi rivers which drain into Lake Melville. Its approximate central point is Latitude 54° N. and Longitude 65°W. B: Area Approximately 20,000 square miles. 2. New Quebec lioeased Area A: Location That part of the country lying to the northwest of the .northwestern part of the Labrador concession. It includes the upper basin of the Swampy Bay River and part of the upper basin of the Whale River; both of which drain into Ungava Bay. The approximate central point is Latitude 55° 251 N. and Longitude 67° W. B: Area Approximately 3,90G square miles. Access The area is reached most conveniently as follows: I. Via Mont Joli, Quebec. 1. By Canadian National Railways, an overnight journey from Mont- real - Distance 359 miles. 2. Thence to the leading strip in the interior - Distance 432 miles. II. Via Seven Islands, Quebec. 1. By Canadian National Railways to Rimouski (339 miles) or .Matane (395 miles). 2. Thence by boat to Seven Islands, Que. 3. Thence by air to landing strip 317 miles north. - 2 - III. Directly by air from Montreal- By charter flight only - Distance: 716 miles north-north- east. Mining Companies Newfoundland-Labrador The 20,000 square mile concession is owned by Labrador Mining and Exploration Company Limited. Quebec The 3,900 square mile license is owned by Hollinger North Shore Exploration Company Limited. Combined Area: Approximately 24,000 square miles. Control Both of the above-named companies are oontrolled by Hol- linger Consolidated Gold Mines Limited with The M. A. Hanna Co. of Cleveland holding a minority interest. HISTORY 1893-94 Dr. A.P. Low of the Geological Survey of Canada in the course of rapid reconnaissance work along the main •ratereourses outlined the "Labrador trough" roughly. He reported iron formation as ore, but did not actually find any iron ore deposit, as a study of his report.,re- veals. Low's work did not °over any of the localities at which iron orb deposits have been found, but it did give a very valuable r` 11.;.e to the favorab lè oharaoter ôf the country for the occurrence of ore. 1927 By a decision of the Privy Council, England, the coast of Labrador was awarded to Newfoundland: This area included the headwaters of the Hamilton River and part of the area where the iron ore field lies* 1929 The New Quebec Company was formed in Toronto to explore the iron ore potentialities of concessions north of the Newfoundland area. Drs. W.F. James and J.E. Gill were in charge of the- expedition. During the course of vrork, they discovered iron ore in the Ruth Lake area in Newfound- land Territory, but the wcrk was not continued, when they were unable to tie up the ground, - 3 1933 Dr. J.E. Gill examined some gold discoveries in the south- west part of the area. These ,did .ot prove•to be of economic interest. 1936 Labrador Mining and Exploration Company Limited was form- ed to take over the prospecting rights held by Weaver (Minerals) Limited. The prime mover in this picture was A.H. McKay of Montreal. A conces- sion covering 20,000 square miles in Newfoundland-Labrador was'Obtaine4 and field work was begun. The work was in charge of Dr. J.A. Retty, who has been associated with the company since that time and is now its Chief Geologist. The main objective was to investigate the area for gold and base metals, as iron ore in Labrador was of no interest at that times 1937 Mathiau Andre, an Indian trapper who is now chief of the Montagnais tribe at Seven Islands, Que., brought out a sample of high grade iron ore. Andre was taken into the area by aeroplane and conducted J.A. Retty to what is now known as the Sawyer Lake deposit. 1938 Surface work at the Sawyer Lake orebody revealed the pre- sence of high grade iron ore. This same year iron ore was first discov- ered in New Quebec by J.A. Retty close to Burnt Creek which he named and where the inland base is now located. He recommended to his principals. that an area in New Quebec lying to the northwest of the Labrador_conces- sion be licensed from the Quebec Government, this area to include the iron ore discovery which had been made. 1939 Stephen Royce and Dr. A.W. Leith of Pickands Mather and Company of Cleveland examined the ore deposits that had been discovered ,in Newfoundland-Labrador. Pilot C. Frechette lost his way on a return journey_,to Seven Islands and despite a lengthy search he and radio operator Gaynor starved to death. A license in New Quebec was obtained by a private group,•. headed by A.H. McKay. This license covered the area now held by Hollin- ger North Shore Exploration Co. Ltd. Field work ,vas begun that year-and one ore deposit was found at Denault Lake and an additional showing at Burnt Creek. 1940, 1941 Field work was suspended, Only the radio station was. op- erated in 1940. In 1941, the guardians were removed from the Sandgirt. Lake base. - 4 - 1942 Hollinger Consolidated Gold Mines Ltd, acquired control of Labrador Mining and Exploration Co. Ltd. A license covering the area in New Quebec was obtained and Hollinger North Shore Exploration Co. Ltd. incorporated. Field work was resumed. 1943 Many iron ore bodies were discovered. Diamond drilling of base metal showings was begun and one deposit was partly outlined. 1944 Sawyer Lake iron orebody drilled. Several sulphide amasses were sampled with x-ray drill machines. 1945 Drilling Iras suspended. Trenching was conducted on several of the iron ore deposits. As a result, the surface dimensions were great- ly enlarged and the potentialities of the area realized. A preliminary reconnaissance of the railroad route was undertaken and the route photo- graphed from the air. 1946 Winter freighting by land planes using a runway on ice was first undertaken. Drilling of the iron deposits was resumed. A temporary camp was established at Burnt Creek. Ruth Lake No. 3 and Burnt Creek No.5 deposits were partly drilled. The site for a landing strip was chosen. The preliminary railroad reconnaissance was completed. 1947 J.A. Little was appointed field manager. The drilling pro- gramme was greatly enlarged. Approximately 700 tons of freight was moved by air to the interior. A permanent base was established at Burnt Creek. Fifty miles of secondary roads were built. A number of deposits were drill- ed and 140,000,000 tons of iron ore proven up. The preliminary survey of the railroad route was partly completed and harbor surveys were undertaken at Seven Islands, Que. A landing strip was constructed' approximately eight miles east of the Burnt Creek camp. The Quebec North Shore and La- brador Railway Company and The Ungava Power Company were incorporated. 1948 Durrell was appointed general manager. A large drill- ing programme has been undertaken. The final railroad location survey will be completed north from Seven. Islands, Que., a distance of approximately 100 miles. Geological and geophysical surveys, prospecting and aerial photography will also be oonduoted. Hollinger Ungava Transport Limited was incorporated to supply air transportation for all subsidiaries. - 5 - Physical Features of the Country The surface of the country between the Gulf of St. Law- rence and the interior presents a very sharp oontraet in topography. For a distance of 100 miles the land is very rugged. The country has been markedly incised by fast-running streams. Canyons as much as 1,000 feet deep are present along the Moisie and other rivers flowing south. A range of hills having a maximum elevation of approximately 5,200 feet crosses the country in an easterest direction approximately 50 miles north of Seven Islands, Que. This gradually slopes northward to approx- imately 1,800 feet at a distance of 100 miles from the Gulf, where the topography becomes relatively flat and comparable in local relief, to. Northwe s tern Quebec. Three chains of hills having local elevations of from 600 to 1000 feet traverse the area in a northwest direction. Less prominent ridges occur throughout the northern part of the area giving the land surface a corrugated appearance in the vicinity of the ore deposits along the Hamilton River-Swampy Bay River watersheds. The region is dotted by an abundance of lakes, some large, some small. Many parts are drift-covered, the surface of the drift being generally hummocky. Red soils resulting from the weathering of iron- bearing rocks are a very common feature in the northwest portion :of the area, where the iron ore deposits occur. Climate The climate is much less rigorous than one would expect. Cold weather comes earlier in the fall and remains for a longer period in the spring, but weather records indicate that the extremes of winter tem- perature are not lower than in Northwestern Quebec, although the snowfall is greater. Timber The vegetation is a continuation of that which covers the mining areas of northwestern Quebec. Going north, the trees gradually be- come smaller and the species fewer.