March 31, 1949 Newfoundland and Labrador Becomes a Province

Newfoundland and Labrador is the newest province in Canada and is one of the most sparsely populated. Most of the people in Newfoundland and Labrador live in small fishing settlements along the coast. These small settlement are known as outports. There are many traditional ways of life that have been kept in these areas from the time of the earliest settlers from the United Kingdom and Ireland, but modern technology threatens that way of life. Some of the most fantastic scenery is located in Newfoundland and Labrador, and community festivals that inform visitors of the old traditions, along with the many museums and historic sites, make this province a treasure for tourists. A few of the many famous people from Newfoundland and Labrador include Michael “Mike” Adam, Sir Frederic Bowker Terrington Carter, William Cormack, General Rick Hillier, and Thomas Ricketts, VC.

Look at the map of Newfoundland and Labrador below. Label the capital of Newfoundland and Labrador. Locate the cities of Labrador City, Port Hope Simpson, St. Anthony, La Soie, Gander, Bonavista, Grand Falls, Grand Bank, Cartwright, Nain, Natuashish, Hopedale, Schefferville, Esker, and Wabush and label them on the map. Now label the Torngat Mountains, Mount Caubvick (Mount D’Iberville), the Mealy Mountains, the Long Range Mountains, and the Lewis Hills. Also, locate the Churchill River, Exploits River, Gander River, Humber River, Terra Nova River, Ashuanipi Lake, Grand Lake, Minipi Lake, Lake Melville, Lac Joseph, Red Indian Lake, and Atikonak Lake, and label them. Lastly, label the provinces, states, or bodies of water that border Newfoundland and Labrador. When you have finished, move on to the timeline of Newfoundland and Labrador history on the next page and the research prompts that follow.

1000

1500

1610

1621

1637

1651

1662

1713

1729

1763

1832

1882

1909

1927

1948

1949

1971

1979

2001

2005

2. Sir George Calvert founds a colony at Ferryland

3. Newfoundland’s first paper mill begins operation

4. The hydroelectric plant in Churchill Falls, Labrador, begins operations

5. Portuguese explorer Gaspar Gorte-Real extensively explores the area and names many bays and capes

6. Newfoundland becomes the tenth province of Canada

7. Captain Henry Osborne of the British navy is appointed the first naval governor of Newfoundland

8. The Nunatsiavut Government is established regionally

9. The Newfoundland colony is granted to Sir David Kirke

10. The present-day boundary between Labrador and Quebec is established

11. John Guy starts a colony at Cupids with settlers he brings with him

12. After the French lose the war in Europe, the Treaty of Utrecht gives all of the island of Newfoundland to the British

13. A major oil field is discovered off the coast of Newfoundland

14. French settlers establish a colony in Placentia

15. France loses almost all of its possessions in Canada at the end of the Seven Years’ War when the Treaty of Paris is signed

16. The Canadian government officially changes the name of the province to Newfoundland and Labrador

17. Norse explorers found a settlement in the northern part of the island

18. Construction of a railway across Newfoundland begins

19. Voters in Newfoundland decide to unite with Canada instead of continuing to be a dependency of the United Kingdom

20. The English government discourages any further attempts to colonize Newfoundland

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com Research Prompt #1 At first there were only a few Irish settlers among the colonists in Newfoundland and Labrador. Then, more came as the area was growing. This allowed the English and Irish cultures to mix and created a new culture among the settlers in the colony over time. How do you think the cultures would have influenced each other? What traits do you think may have been needed from each of the different cultures to live the type of life that was required of the people in 1700s Newfoundland and Labrador?

______

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com Research Prompt #2 Bay Roberts Heritage Society, Inc. is a National Historic Site in Bay Roberts, Newfoundland and Labrador. This site includes a “Road to Yesterday Museum” which includes artifacts that depict life in Bay Roberts at the turn of the 20th century. If you were able to make the decisions concerning what type of information would be available in a museum such as this, what would you want to see included in the museum’s displays? Why?

______

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com Research Prompt #3 Hawthorne Cottage National Historic Site is located in Brigus, Newfoundland. It was the home of the Arctic explorer Captain Bob Bartlett. He made many voyages to the Canadian arctic. In 1913, his ship was crushed by ice, and he walked across the ice to Siberia. He brought back rescuers for the others who had been with him. Research Robert A. Bartlett. What may have caused his interest in the frozen areas he explored? What else did he do in his life? Write about what you find.

______

Norse explorers found a settlement in the northern part of the island 1000 Portuguese explorer Gaspar Gorte-Real extensively explores the area and 1500 names many bays and capes John Guy starts a colony at Cupids with settlers he brings with him 1610

1621 Sir George Calvert founds a colony at Ferryland The Newfoundland colony is granted to Sir David Kirke 1637 The English government discourages any 1651 further attempts to colonize Newfoundland

French settlers establish a colony in Placentia 1662 After the French lose the war in Europe, the Treaty of Utrecht gives all of the Captain Henry Osborne of the British 1713 island of Newfoundland to the British navy is appointed the first naval governor of Newfoundland 1729 France loses almost all of its possessions in Canada at the end of the Seven Years’ 1763 War when the Treaty of Paris is signed The British government establishes a legislature for Newfoundland 1832 Construction of a railway 1882 across Newfoundland begins Newfoundland’s first paper mill begins operation 1909 The present-day boundary between 1927 Labrador and Quebec is established Voters in Newfoundland decide to unite with Canada instead of continuing to be a dependency of the United Kingdom 1948 Newfoundland becomes the 1949 tenth province of Canada The hydroelectric plant in Churchill Falls, Labrador, begins operations 1971 A major oil field is discovered 1979 off the coast of Newfoundland The Canadian government officially changes the name of the province to Newfoundland and Labrador 2001

The Nunatsiavut Government 2005 is established regionally

All Rights Reserved. This book may not be reproduced or transmitted by any means, including graphic, electronic, or mechanical, without the express written consent of the author except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews and those uses expressly described in the following Terms of Use. You are welcome to link back to the author’s website, http://writebonnierose.com, but may not link directly to the PDF file. You may not alter this work, sell or distribute it in any way, host this file on your own website, or upload it to a shared website.

Terms of Use: For use by a family, this unit can be printed and copied as many times as needed. Classroom teachers may reproduce one copy for each student in his or her class. Members of co-ops or workshops may reproduce one copy for up to fifteen children. This material cannot be resold or used in any way for commercial purposes. Please contact the publisher with any questions. ©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com