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Transition Metal and Lanthanide Chemistry of Dipyridylpyrrolide Ligands

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Transition Metal and Lanthanide Chemistry of Dipyridylpyrrolide Ligands TRANSITION METAL AND LANTHANIDE CHEMISTRY OF DIPYRIDYLPYRROLIDE LIGANDS James McPherson A thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Chemistry Faculty of Science June 2019 Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname/Family Name : McPherson Given Name/s : James Abbreviation for degree as give in the University calendar : PhD Faculty : Science School : Chemistry Thesis Title : Transition metal and lanthanide chemistry of dipyridylpyrrolide ligands Abstract Pincer ligands attract great current interest because they bestow exceptional stability on their metal complexes. Modification of the pincer scaffold can be used to tune the electron density at the metal ion and, therefore, the physical and chemical properties. This thesis reports studies of 2,5-di(2- pyridyl)pyrrolide (dpp–) NNN-pincer ligands and their transition and rare-earth metal complexes. Homoleptic complexes were prepared and screened for useful physical (e.g., magnetic or photophysical) or chemical (e.g., redox or reactive) properties. Predictable control of the properties through the substitution of the pyrrolide ring was a particular goal, and was achieved. The critical review of the literature on the chemistry of dpp– ligands and related pyridine-pyrrolide pincers, Chapter 1, concluded that a range of dpp– derivatives with flexible coordination modes was accessible, but with underdeveloped coordination chemistry. – Chapter 2 provides a theoretical quantification (B3LYP-GD3BJ/6-31G** calculations) of the internal stain (∆EL(strain)) that builds when a dpp or related pyridine-pyrrolide pincer ligand binds a metal ion. A relationship was discovered correlating ∆EL(strain) and the change in interatomic separation of the two terminal donor atoms when bound (ρL(coord)) and metal-free (ρL(relax)). The relationship was employed to explain, a posteriori, the occurrence of spin crossover activity in Fe(II)-pincer complexes. R1,R2 A series of five structurally similar cobalt(II) complexes, [Co(dpp )2], bearing different pyrrolide 3,4-substituents are discussed in Chapter 3. The oxidation and spin states of the cobalt ion were switched by appropriate external stimuli, with the CoIII/CoII couple predictably sensitive to the Swain- Lupton electronic parameters for the pyrrolide substituents. Chapter 4 describes the first lanthanide(III) complexes of dpp– ligands. Ligand-sensitised, lanthanide-centred emission was observed for CO Me,Me CO Me,Me [Eu(dpp 2 )3] (red emission) and [Yb(dpp 2 )3] (near-infrared emission). 2+ – Chapter 5 reports enhanced reactivity for [Ru(dpp)2] complexes compared to the ubiquitous [Ru(tpy)2] . Hemilability of the dpp ligand results from its large ρL(relax), and this was exploited for catalytic transformations of small molecules bound at the ruthenium(II) centre. Four small preliminary studies are included in Chapter 6, each providing an entry point into more detailed future investigations. Chapter 7 provides a summary of the results, highlights advances made and suggests how these could be used into the future. Declaration relating to disposition of project thesis/dissertation I hereby grant to the University of New South Wales or its agents the right to archive and to make available my thesis or dissertation in whole or in part in the University libraries in all forms of media, now or here after known, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. I retain all property rights, such as patent rights. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis or dissertation. I also authorise University Microfilms to use the 350 word abstract of my thesis in Dissertation Abstracts International (this is applicable to doctoral theses only). …………………………………………………………… ……………………………………..……………… ……….……………………...…….… Signature Witness Signature Date The University recognises that there may be exceptional circumstances requiring restrictions on copying or conditions on use. Requests for restriction for a period of up to 2 years must be made in writing. Requests for a longer period of restriction may be considered in exceptional circumstances and require the approval of the Dean of Graduate Research. FOR OFFICE USE ONLY Date of completion of requirements for Award: COPYRIGHT STATEMENT ‘I hereby grant the University of New South Wales or its agents the right to archive and to make available my thesis or dissertation in whole or part in the University libraries in all forms of media, now or here after known, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. I retain all proprietary rights, such as patent rights. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis or dissertation. I also authorise University Microfilms to use the 350 word abstract of my thesis in Dissertation Abstract International (this is applicable to doctoral theses only). I have either used no substantial portions of copyright material in my thesis or I have obtained permission to use copyright material; where permission has not been granted I have applied/will apply for a partial restriction of the digital copy of my thesis or dissertation.' Signed ……………………………………………........................... Date ……………………………………………........................... AUTHENTICITY STATEMENT ‘I certify that the Library deposit digital copy is a direct equivalent of the final officially approved version of my thesis. No emendation of content has occurred and if there are any minor variations in formatting, they are the result of the conversion to digital format.’ Signed ……………………………………………........................... Date ……………………………………………........................... ORIGINALITY STATEMENT I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person, or substantial portions of material which have been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at UNSW or any other educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis. Any contribution made to the research by others, with whom I have worked at UNSW or elsewhere, is explicitly acknowledged in the thesis. I also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work, except to the extent that assistance from others in the project’s design and conception or style, presentation and linguistic expression is acknowledged. James McPherson March 2019 INCLUSION OF PUBLICATIONS STATEMENT UNSW is supportive of candidates publishing their research results during their candidature as detailed in the UNSW Thesis Examination Procedure. Publications can be used in their thesis in lieu of a Chapter if: • The student contributed greater than 50% of the content in the publication and is the “primary author”, ie. the student was responsible primarily for the planning, execution and preparation of the work for publication • The student has approval to include the publication in their thesis in lieu of a Chapter from their supervisor and Postgraduate Coordinator. • The publication is not subject to any obligations or contractual agreements with a third party that would constrain its inclusion in the thesis Please indicate whether this thesis contains published material or not. This thesis contains no publications, either published or submitted for publication ☐ Some of the work described in this thesis has been published and it has been ☐ documented in the relevant Chapters with acknowledgement This thesis has publications (either published or submitted for publication) ☒ incorporated into it in lieu of a chapter and the details are presented below CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION I declare that: • I have complied with the Thesis Examination Procedure • where I have used a publication in lieu of a Chapter, the listed publication(s) below meet(s) the requirements to be included in the thesis. Name Signature Date (dd/mm/yy) James McPherson Postgraduate Coordinator’s Declaration I declare that: • the information below is accurate • where listed publication(s) have been used in lieu of Chapter(s), their use complies with the Thesis Examination Procedure • the minimum requirements for the format of the thesis have been met. PGC’s Name PGC’s Signature Date (dd/mm/yy) Prof. Naresh Kumar Details of publication #1: Full title: Tridentate pyridine-pyrrolide chelate ligands: An under-appreciated ligand set with an immensely promising coordination chemistry Authors: James N. McPherson, Biswanath Das and Stephen B. Colbran Journal or book name: Coordination Chemistry Reviews Volume/page numbers: 375, 285-332 Date accepted/ published: 28/3/2018 Status Published X Accepted and In press In progress (submitted) The Candidate’s Contribution to the Work Prepared and compiled the manuscript for submission. Wrote the major section describing the complexes of 2,5-di(2-pyridyl)pyrrolide ligands and their pyrrole precursors. Location of the work in the thesis and/or how the work is incorporated in the thesis: Chapter 1: Introduction Primary Supervisor’s Declaration I declare that: • the information above is accurate • this has been discussed with the PGC and it is agreed that this publication can be included in this thesis in lieu of a Chapter • All of the co-authors of the publication have reviewed the above information and have agreed to its veracity by signing a ‘Co-Author Authorisation’ form. Supervisor’s name Supervisor’s signature Date (dd/mm/yy) A/Prof. Stephen Colbran Details of publication #2: Full title: A
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