Mapping Small Islands Communicative Ecologies: a Case Study from the Amami Islands
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Genetic Lineage of the Amami Islanders Inferred from Classical Genetic Markers
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.18.440379; this version posted April 19, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Genetic lineage of the Amami islanders inferred from classical genetic markers Yuri Nishikawa and Takafumi Ishida Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Correspondence: Yuri Nishikawa, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. E-mail address: [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.18.440379; this version posted April 19, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Abstract The peopling of mainland Japan and Okinawa has been gradually unveiled in the recent years, but previous anthropological studies dealing people in the Amami islands, located between mainland Japan and Okinawa, were less informative because of the lack of genetic data. In this study, we collected DNAs from 104 subjects in two of the Amami islands, Amami-Oshima island and Kikai island, and analyzed the D-loop region of mtDNA, four Y-STRs and four autosomal nonsynonymous SNPs to clarify the genetic structure of the Amami islanders comparing with peoples in Okinawa, mainland Japan and other regions in East Asia. -
Restoration of the Native Species to Amami Oshima Island
alien species in Amami Oshima Island In addition to the Small Indian mongoose, many other alien species (e.g., feral cats, feral goats, black rats and the Lanceleaf tickseed) have become established on Amami Oshima. Please be sure never to leave behind alien species in the wild nor let them escape. Feral cat Feral goat Black rat Lanceleaf tickseed ● Alien species of Amami Islands HP http://kyushu.env.go.jp/naha/wildlife/data/130902aa.pdf We ask for your cooperation in The mongoose eradication project activity of Amami Mongoose Busters in Amami Oshima The Amami Mongoose Busters, which was formed in 2005, has continued its efforts to eradicate mongooses with the support of people in the island and researchers. We ask for your continued onservation of a precious understanding and support of the mongoose control project as C well as the Amami Mongoose Busters. ecosystem in ■ Amami Mongoose Busters Blog http://amb.amamin.jp/ ■ Amami Mongoose Busters Facebook Amami Oshima Island https://www.facebook.com/amamimongoosebusters March 2014 Amami Wildlife Conservation Center, Published by: Ministry of the Environment, Japan Naha Nature Conservation Office, 551 Koshinohata, Ongachi, Yamato-son, Oshima-gun, Ministry of the Environment, Japan Kagoshima 894-3104 TEL:+81-997-55-8620 Okinawa Tsukansha Building 4F, 5-21 Yamashita-cho, Japan Wildlife Research Center, Naha-shi, Okinawa 900-0027 Amami Ooshima Division (Amami Mongoose Busters) 1385-2 Naze, Uragami,Amami-City, Kagoshima 894-0008 TEL:+81-997-58-4013 Edited by : Japan Wildlife Research Center FOR ALL THE LIFE ON EARTH Design : artpost inc. Photos : Mamoru Tsuneda, Teruho Abe, Yoshihito Goto, Kazuki Yamamuro, Biodiversity Ryuta Yoshihara, Japan Wildlife Research Center Animals and plants Habu snake Protobothrops flavoviridis This poisonous snake is found on Amami Oshima, Tokunoshima, Okinawa in Amami Oshima Island Island, and other several neighboring small islands. -
Nansei Islands Biological Diversity Evaluation Project Report 1 Chapter 1
Introduction WWF Japan’s involvement with the Nansei Islands can be traced back to a request in 1982 by Prince Phillip, Duke of Edinburgh. The “World Conservation Strategy”, which was drafted at the time through a collaborative effort by the WWF’s network, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), posed the notion that the problems affecting environments were problems that had global implications. Furthermore, the findings presented offered information on precious environments extant throughout the globe and where they were distributed, thereby providing an impetus for people to think about issues relevant to humankind’s harmonious existence with the rest of nature. One of the precious natural environments for Japan given in the “World Conservation Strategy” was the Nansei Islands. The Duke of Edinburgh, who was the President of the WWF at the time (now President Emeritus), naturally sought to promote acts of conservation by those who could see them through most effectively, i.e. pertinent conservation parties in the area, a mandate which naturally fell on the shoulders of WWF Japan with regard to nature conservation activities concerning the Nansei Islands. This marked the beginning of the Nansei Islands initiative of WWF Japan, and ever since, WWF Japan has not only consistently performed globally-relevant environmental studies of particular areas within the Nansei Islands during the 1980’s and 1990’s, but has put pressure on the national and local governments to use the findings of those studies in public policy. Unfortunately, like many other places throughout the world, the deterioration of the natural environments in the Nansei Islands has yet to stop. -
INDEX of Records of the U. S. Strategic Bombing Survey; Entry 55, Carrier-Based Navy and Marine Corps Aircraft Action Reports, 1944-1945
INDEX of Records of the U. S. Strategic Bombing Survey; Entry 55, Carrier-Based Navy and Marine Corps Aircraft Action Reports, 1944-1945 (1) Task Group 12.4 Action Report of Task Group 12.4 against Wake Island, 13 June 1945 through 20 June 1945 ※Commander Task Group 12.4 (Commander Carrier Division 11). (2) Task Group 38.1 Report of Operations of Task Group 38.1 against the Japanese Empire 1 July 1945 to 15 August 1945 ※Commander Task Group 38.1 (Commander Carrier Division 3 - Rear Admiral T. L. Sprague, USN, USS Bennington, Flagship). (3) Task Group 38.4 Action Report, Commander Task Group 38.4, 2 July to 15 August 1945, Strikes against Japanese Home Islands ※Commander Task Group 38.4 (Commander Carrier Division 6, Rear Admiral A. W. Radford, US Navy, USS Yorktown, Flagship). (4) Task Group 52.1.1 Report of Capture of Okinawa Gunto, Phases I and II, 24 May 1945 to 24 June 1945 ※Commander Task Unit 52.1.1(24 May to 28 May), Commander Task Unit 32.1.1. Action Report, Capture of Okinawa Gunto, Phases 1 and 2 - 21 March 1945 to 24 May 1945 ※Commander Task Unit 52.1.1 (Support Carrier Unit 1) from 9 March 1945 to 10 May 1945 and CTG Task Unit 52.1.1 from 17 May to 24 May 1945 (Commander Carrier Division 26). (5) Task Group 52.1.2 Action Report - Capture of Okinawa Gunto, Phases 1 and 2, 21 March to 29 April 1945 ※Commander Task Unit 52.1.2 (21 March - 29 April, incl) and Commander Task Unit 51.1.2 (21-25 March, inclusive) (Commander Car-rier Division 24). -
A Guide for the Study of Kinship and Social Organization in the Amami Islands Sumie NAKATANI
KAWAI, K., TERADA, R. and KUWAHARA, S. (eds): The Islands of Kagoshima Kagoshima University Research Center for the Pacific Islands, 15 March 2013 Chapter 9 A Guide for the Study of Kinship and Social Organization in the Amami Islands Sumie NAKATANI 1. Pioneering studies in the 1950s the Tohoku region of northern Japan, where dou- n the 1950s when the Amami Islands were re- zoku, a patrilineal family-kin network was domi- Iturned to Japan, a joint survey was conducted by nant. OYAMA’s study in Yoronjima Is. was finally the members of nine Japanese academic associa- published in the book “Nanseisyoto no Kazoku no tions (Kyu Gakkai Rengo). From 1955 to 1958, a Kenkyu (A Study of Family Systems in the Nansei total of 100 researchers participated in the survey Islands )” (OYAMA 1960). of five of the Amami Islands. Researchers in the In the 1950s, Japanese ethnologists were eager fields of ethnology and sociology were interested to identify the original form or roots of Japanese in kinship relations, locally called hara, haroji, culture. Rural communities of Amami were stud- and hiki, because they seemed to play central roles ied in comparison with those of mainland Japan. in the lives of the people of the Amami Islands. GAMOU, who did his fieldwork in Kikaijima Is. and Several papers based on the survey were focused on the kinship system called haroji, point- published in the journal “Jinrui Kagaku (Human ed out three characteristics of haroji. Science)” and in a book titled “Amami Shizen to 1: The membership of haroji could be traced Bunka (Amami: Nature and Culture)” (OYAMA bilaterally. -
留 学 生 の た め の 生 活 ガ イ ド ブ ッ ク Living Guide for International Students in Kagoshim
(English) りゅう がく せい 留 学 生 のための せい かつ 生 活 ガイドブック Living Guide for International Students in Kagoshima こうえき ざい だん ほう じん か ご しま けん こく さい こう りゅうきょう かい 公益財団法人鹿児島県国際交流協会 Kagoshima International Association Foreword Dear international students, How are you finding life in Kagoshima? Some of you may have already spent several years in Kagoshima while some of you may be new to Japan. Students starting a new life in Kagoshima may encounter some difficulties in this unfamiliar land and experience some anxiety. This guidebook aims to help international students living in Kagoshima make the most out of their lives here. It is published with the assistance of the universities, local authorities and international students who are currently living in Kagoshima. We hope that this guidebook will be of some help in making your student life in Kagoshima more comfortable, enjoyable and safe. April, 2021 Kagoshima International Association The Fumiko Higashi International Students Activities Support Program This guidebook is published as part of the abovementioned support program. Fumiko Higashi, a native of Yoshimatsu-cho (presently Yusui Town), worked tirelessly for 33 years since 1971 to organize activities and programs to support the daily lives of international students in Kagoshima. She was awarded the 32nd MBC Award, the 1st Nishigin (Nishi-nippon Bank) International Foundation Asia Service Award (presently Nishi-Nippon Foundation Asia Contribution Award) and the Foundation for Encouragement of Social Contribution Long Service Award for her long-term and outstanding contributions. Fumiko Higashi passed away in 2004. This program was established with contributions from the family of the late Fumiko Higashi, to continue and further her ideals for international exchange. -
Japan and a Geography of Islands
South Pacific Studies Vol.37, No.1, 2016 Japan and A Geography of Islands Royle Stephen A.1,2 1: Visiting Professor (September 2015-March 2016), Kagoshima University Research Center for the Pacific Islands, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-8580 Japan 2: Emeritus Professor of Island Geography, School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This article takes the author’s 2001 book, A Geography of Islands: Small Island Insularity and extracts from it a series of generalisations in both physical and human geography as applied to islands. These quotations are then set against the small islands of Japan, testing my ‘contention that every island is impacted in some way by the range of insular constraints’. The islands considered are particularly those in Kagoshima Prefecture, using experience from the author’s tenure as Visiting Professor at the Kagoshima University Research Center for the Pacific Islands as well as readings. The results show that whilst Japan does not display the full range of island types, mostly the generalities of a book written before the author had had much experience of the Japanese island realm can be seen to be expressed in Japanese islands. Key words: islands, insularity, Japan, Kagoshima Prefecture, Satsunan Islands Introduction In my book, A Geography of Islands: Small Island Insularity I attempted to show that ‘islands often share certain characteristics in social economic and political spheres which are brought about simply by their being islands’ (Royle 2001: 1-2). The book has been frequently cited, is well used and is still selling. -
A Study on Wind Erosion Landforms in Humid Temperate Climate Focused on the Forming Processes of the Blowouts and Dunes on the Coastal Cliff Tops
1 A Study on Wind Erosion Landforms in Humid Temperate Climate Focused on the Forming Processes of the Blowouts and Dunes on the Coastal Cliff Tops in Northern and Eastern Japan Kikuko TANINO Supervisor Professor Makiko WATANABE Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University March, 2018 2 Summary The effect of moisture on threshold friction speed of particle transportation is a basic interest for scientists, even though the wind erosion studies have been majored in arid and semi-arid zones or coastal dune fields. This study is expected to provide some clues for the earliest developing stage of wind erosion landforms in terms of targeting studies in humid climate area, because some of large aeolian landforms in arid and semi-arid zones were originated from fluvial processes under a past humid climate. Moreover, the limited conditions for wind erosion due to mild and humid climate zones often lead our attention to the areas eroded on a large scale with unique characteristics of natural environments and to collecting information on histories of climate change. The objective of this study is to elucidate the geomorphological features and forming processes of wind erosion ‘blowouts’ under a humid temperate climate, and physicochemical properties of reworked deposits ‘dunes’. For this purpose, field studies supported by aerial photo interpretations at Esashi, Shiriyazaki, Isozaki-Ajigaura, and Kashima areas in northern and eastern Japan and physical, chemical and mineralogical analyses: pH(NaF), grain size distributions, total carbon content and humic properties (MI, PI, ΔlogK), color values (CIE-L*a*b*) and mineral composition of the dune materials were carried out. -
Master Plan of the Amami Island Group Sustainable Tourism
Master Plan of the Amami Island Group Sustainable Tourism 1. Beginning 1.1 Background “The Master Plan for sustainable tourism in the Amami Island Group (hereinafter called “The Master Plan”) is a policy to actively promote “the sustainable utilization of tourism” in the Amami Island Group. Promoting local sustainable tourism associated with the preservation of the natural environment in a planned and consistent manner, utilizing local resources. The aim is the preservation and succession of environmental culture1, and the promotion of the local economy and society. (1) Why promote sustainable tourism? Sustainable tourism seeks the sustainability of society, economy and environment, and is a new style of tourism expecting to replace mass-tourism.2 Mass-tourism is a phenomenon in which tourism used to be limited to the rich, but has spread more widely to other economic classes3, and has recently been referred to as the “mass tourism phenomenon”4. Mass-tourism, which brings a large number of people has been giving great impact to tourism sites and their surroundings. This has caused the destruction of the natural environment, local communities and their traditions, and also troubles of inappropriate tourist facilities, in which the lack of manners and ignorance of the tourist was highlighted. In reflection of these problems, new modes of thought “Alternative tourism” and “Appropriate tourism” were generated in the 1980s, instead of mass-tourism. Based on the principle of “sustainable utilization of local resources" and “coexistence with nature”, new local community development in the Amami Island Group aims toward the realization of a sustainably fulfilled local community. -
R-Epenthesis and Ryukyuan
言語研究(Gengo Kenkyu)155: 101–130(2019) doi: 10.11435/gengo.155.0_101 r-Epenthesis and Ryukyuan Brent de Chene Waseda University (Emeritus) Abstract: Focusing on the Shuri dialect of Okinawan, this paper poses the question of whether Ryukyuan languages display evidence that speakers have adopted the analysis of verbal suffix alternations proposed for Japanese by de Chene (2016) (“Analysis A”), according to which consonant-stem allomorphs are the underlying representations of alternating suffixes and regular vowel-stem allomorphs are derived by intervocalic epenthesis of r at verb stem boundary. It is found that there is abundant evidence for the adoption of Analysis A in the his- tory of pre-Shuri and that the contemporary language illustrates the logical end- point of the changes that analysis entails, namely the total assimilation of vowel- stem inflection to the inflectional pattern of r-stems. Alternative interpretations of the innovative forms taken as confirmation of Analysis A are considered and rejected, notably interpretations that appeal to proportional analogy based on r-stem forms. When we broaden the focus to Ryukyuan as a whole, we find that all Ryukyuan languages other than Miyako display clear evidence for the adop- tion of Analysis A, confirming its naturalness for the alternations in question.* Key words: Ryukyuan, Shuri, verb inflection, vowel-stem, r-Epenthesis 1. Introduction de Chene (2016) investigates the alternations of Japanese verbal suffixes whose shape depends on the consonant/vowel (C/V) polarity of the stem-final segment, such as Conclusive -u ~ -ru and Causative -ase- ~ -sase-. While at least four analy- ses of these alternations have been proposed in the literature, de Chene notes that each makes different claims about which forms are regular and which are irregular and thus generates distinct predictions about what changes should be observed if irregular forms are eliminated in favor of regularized substitutes. -
OKINOERABU JIMA’S Member of the Lily Family Featuring a Wonderful 65Km Fragrance
NATURE& BEACH ACCESS OKINOERABU E rabu Lily CULTURE This is a beautiful, elegant 120min Kikaijima OKINOERABU JIMA’S member of the lily family featuring a wonderful 65km fragrance. From April to May , WORLD they are blooming all over the island. JIMA Amami-Oshima 20min Okinoerabu is a rising coral island. Known as 26km AMAMI ISLANDS 130min “Flower Island” because of its great flower 72km production, including famous Erabu Lilies. The island is also known for extensive cave system. Fucha Wanjo Beach L imestone cave & 30min Caving 105km The Story of Lilies with フーチャ(潮吹き洞窟 ) MAP-I3 ワンジョビーチ MAP-F4 100 years of history An ancient cave partially eroded by the tide. During windy This is a classic and famous Okinoerabu beach. Many 140min TOURIST GUIDE The history of “Island of Lilies” goes days and high tide, sea-water spouts up into the air from movies have been shot on this location. The sand is white 75km back to 100 years. A trader from the cave. During typhoons, the water can spout up to 70m. and the sea is crystal blue. Swimming is popular here, and there are camping facilities with toilets and showers. oversea noticed the beauty of lilies It’s a sight to just feel the dynamic nature. on the island. Bulbs were traded for high price and majority of lilies MAP-C5 200min MAP-C6 Limestone Cave “Shoryudo” 昇竜洞 Okidomari Beach Park exported to the West in the Meiji 30min 109km This cave is 3,500m long, out of which 600m 沖泊海浜公園 era were from Okinoerabujima. 47km 45min is open to the public. -
Japan and a Geography of Islands
Japan and a geography of islands Royle, S. (2016). Japan and a geography of islands. South Pacific Studies, 37(1), 1-28. http://cpi.kagoshima- u.ac.jp/publications/southpacificstudies/archivespst.html#SPS 37.1 Published in: South Pacific Studies Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Queen's University Belfast - Research Portal: Link to publication record in Queen's University Belfast Research Portal Publisher rights Copyright 2017 KURCPI This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The Research Portal is Queen's institutional repository that provides access to Queen's research output. Every effort has been made to ensure that content in the Research Portal does not infringe any person's rights, or applicable UK laws. If you discover content in the Research Portal that you believe breaches copyright or violates any law, please contact [email protected]. Download date:29. Sep. 2021 South Pacific Studies Vol.37, No.1, 2016 Japan and A Geography of Islands Royle Stephen A.1,2 1: Visiting Professor (September 2015-March 2016), Kagoshima University Research Center for the Pacific Islands, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-8580 Japan 2: Emeritus Professor of Island Geography, School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This article takes the author’s 2001 book, A Geography of Islands: Small Island Insularity and extracts from it a series of generalisations in both physical and human geography as applied to islands.