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Download Article (PDF) Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 505 6th International Conference on Social Science and Higher Education (ICSSHE 2020) Characteristics of Industry-Academia-Research Cooperation Based on Local Undergraduate Universities of Yunnan Province from the Perspective of Patent Lina She1, Li Zhang2,* and Yujiao Wang3 1 Science and Technology Department, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China 2 Novelty Search Center, Yunnan Institute of Science and Technology Information, Kunming, 650051, China 3 School of Education, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China *Corresponding author ABSTRACT This work studied the patent output and social network characteristics of local undergraduate universities in Yunnan Province in terms of cooperation with outside scientific research institutes and enterprises in scientific and technological innovation. Through analyzing the cooperation mode, technical field and other quantitative distribution characteristics of Industry-Academia-Research cooperation patent, the invention patent overall network and central social network indicators, and the patent efficiency, it is found that the university-enterprise model is the most, accounting for 63%; the category A01 technology field obtains the most patents. All colleges and universities need to increase the innovation and diffusion of network cooperation technology. Kunming University, Qujing Normal University, Honghe College and Wenshan College are in an important position in the network of Industry-Academia-Research cooperation technology innovation, which can control more innovative resources. The patent efficiency of university-research institute model is the highest, which is 75-100%. Kunming University, Qujing Normal University, Pu'er University and West Yunnan University have the highest invention efficiency. Keywords: Local undergraduate universities; Industry-Academia-Research; Patent; Characteristics containing a variety of relations. The method of social network analysis provides an important means to clarify 1. INTRODUCTION the complex relations between different actors in the parties of industry, education and research, and has The Industry-Academia-Research cooperation refers to the developed into a mature method of scientific measurement exchange and cooperation activities carried out between and intelligence analysis[3]. enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes to In recent years, some world-class universities in China carry out innovation activities, mainly to achieve the goal have carried out patent cooperation in the process of of innovation. Freeman's Theory of "National Innovation Industry-Academia-Research. In 2017, Hu Cheng took 7 System" tells that the Industry-Academia-Research world-class universities in Shanghai as the research object, cooperation mode is an important bridge between used the social network analysis method to draw the visual universities that master "core technology" and enterprises network of the patent cooperation between 7 universities that build "core competence", and the innovation power of and enterprises, and focused on the macro characteristics, colleges and universities has become the guide of social micro characteristics and cooperation mode of patent progress[1]. The position of the main body in the cooperation[4]. In 2017, Zhang Yupeng analyzed the cooperative network influences the innovation cooperation of patent application, patent field, inventor and performance of the Industry-Academia-Research Industry-Academia-Research in Guangdong science and cooperation[2]. The patent of Industry-Academia-Research technology colleges and universities, and carried out the cooperation is the embodiment of the achievements of the competitive analysis of the subject which effectively joint technology research and development activities docked with the strategic emerging industries in among the main partners, and the change of quantity and Guangdong Province[5]. In 2018, Jia Xiaoxia studied the quality can indirectly reflect the adjustment effect of the influence path of patent data accumulation on innovation cooperation policy of Industry-Academia-Research performance of 34 world-class universities in China from cooperation. Main parties of the 2006 to 2015, combining knowledge base and social Industry-Academia-Research conduct knowledge network theory with cooperation breadth and depth as exchange and innovation through formal or informal intermediary variables[6]. cooperation such as strategic alliance, joint research, and Local colleges and universities are also an organic part of personnel exchange, forming a complex network the university system in China, and the number of patent Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press SARL. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 39 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 505 achievements also represents the scientific prowess. Normal University, Baoshan University, Wenshan However, local colleges and universities are the University, Zhaotong University, Pu'er University, "birthplace" of technological progress and invention and Western Yunnan Normal University, and West Yunnan creation, but also the "disaster area" with idle and lost University of Applied Sciences. A total of 3,156 patents patents. The number of technology market transactions in can be obtained from each school from 2000 to February local colleges and universities is less than 20% in 2020 by searching "Applicant equals to current or former world-class universities[7-8]. However, there are few name of each school" on the website of National researches on patent cooperation in local colleges and Intellectual Property Administration. On this basis, the universities, particularly, they lack cooperation analysis patents cooperated by each institution and other and in-depth exploration of laws in the aspects of institutions can be retrieved for re-examination (including cooperative mode, cooperative field and cooperative the same patent application PCT patent as the combination network attributes. As representative universities in the of duplicate patents), totaling 97 cooperative patents. southwest of Yunnan Province, local colleges and In this work, the author first analyzed the quantitative universities in Yunnan Province have outdated research on distribution characteristics of patent application patent transformation. Taking local colleges and cooperation mode, cooperation intensity, cooperation universities in Yunnan Province as the research object, this frequency and cooperation technology field in each work studies the characteristics of patent output index and university for 20 years, then used social network software social network in the Industry-Academia-Research to identify the key nodes in the cooperation network and cooperation, which can reflect the cooperation level describe the relationship model between nodes, analyzed between local universities in Yunnan Province and the structure of the relationship model and its influence on external research institutes and enterprises in scientific and the node and even the whole network, analyzed the technological innovation, as well as the long-term dynamic characteristics of the patent cooperation network and process of knowledge transfer in collaborative innovation. network structure, and finally analyzed the efficiency of It is of theoretical significance for colleges and universities invention patent evaluation patent quality, and analyzed in Yunnan Province to carry out the interrelation or trend consistency of each block analysis Industry-Academia-Research cooperation from the result. perspective of patent output and to integrate innovation resources and improve innovation efficiency. 3. RESEARCH RESULTS 2. RESEARCH METHOD 3.1. Patent cooperation mode, frequency and In November 2014, Yunnan Province issued Implementation Opinions of Yunnan Provincial intensity of the Industry-Academia-Research Department of Education on Promoting the cooperation Transformation and Development of Some Undergraduate Universities, and took Kunming University, Chuxiong This work obtained patent data from each university as the Normal University, Baoshan University and other local applicant and analyzed the top ten cooperative applicants undergraduate universities as the first batch of pilot of each university. Then it deleted the patent applied by the universities [9]. This group of colleges and universities are university and the individual in the name of cooperation, distributed in all prefectural level cities in Yunnan. This and sorted out the patent applied jointly with the research work took 12 local undergraduate universities in Yunnan institute or enterprise. There are a total of 46 cooperative Province as the research object, which are Kunming institutions (Table 1), all of which are domestic institutions, University, Dali University, Qujing Normal University, among which only 11 institutions have cooperative Honghe University, Yuxi Normal University, Chuxiong institutions. Baoshan University applies for all its patents by itself, without any cooperative institutions. 40 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 505 Table 1. Number of Industry-Academia-Research cooperation institutions and patents in Yunnan Province Serial Number of cooperation Number of cooperation Universities Universities number institutions/patents institutions/patents YunnanTobacco
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