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Chapter 5 Sinicization and Indigenization: the Emergence of the Yunnanese
Between Winds and Clouds Bin Yang Chapter 5 Sinicization and Indigenization: The Emergence of the Yunnanese Introduction As the state began sending soldiers and their families, predominantly Han Chinese, to Yunnan, 1 the Ming military presence there became part of a project of colonization. Soldiers were joined by land-hungry farmers, exiled officials, and profit-driven merchants so that, by the end of the Ming period, the Han Chinese had become the largest ethnic population in Yunnan. Dramatically changing local demography, and consequently economic and cultural patterns, this massive and diverse influx laid the foundations for the social makeup of contemporary Yunnan. The interaction of the large numbers of Han immigrants with the indigenous peoples created a 2 new hybrid society, some members of which began to identify themselves as Yunnanese (yunnanren) for the first time. Previously, there had been no such concept of unity, since the indigenous peoples differentiated themselves by ethnicity or clan and tribal affiliations. This chapter will explore the process that led to this new identity and its reciprocal impact on the concept of Chineseness. Using primary sources, I will first introduce the indigenous peoples and their social customs 3 during the Yuan and early Ming period before the massive influx of Chinese immigrants. Second, I will review the migration waves during the Ming Dynasty and examine interactions between Han Chinese and the indigenous population. The giant and far-reaching impact of Han migrations on local society, or the process of sinicization, that has drawn a lot of scholarly attention, will be further examined here; the influence of the indigenous culture on Chinese migrants—a process that has won little attention—will also be scrutinized. -
Annual Report 2015
Annual Report 2015 Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Cover photos, anti-clockwise: 1. Prunus kunmingensis T. Su, P. Wilf et Z.K. Zhou, (a–e) KUN PC2015001-KUN PC2015005. (f) CT scan showing longitudinal section and seed (P. 11); 2. 2015 Annual Conference of Chinese Botanic Gardens (P. 25); 3. UK Prince William visited XTBG (P. 55); 4. The launching ceremony of the renovation program of CAS-SEABRI (P. 5); 5. The international "Fascination of Plants Day 2015" (P. 38); 6. XTBG researchers assessed the current status of all orchid species in Xishuangbanna (P. 9); 7. Ecologists and conservation biologists change thinking by Anthropocene concept (P. 9). Annual Report 2015 Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences March 29, 2016 Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG), Chinese Academy of Sciences is a non-profit, comprehensive botanical garden involved in scientific research, plant diversity conservation XTBG’s vision: and public science education, affiliated directly to Desirable base for plant diversity conservation the Chinese Academy of Sciences. and ecological studies. Noah’s Ark for tropical plants. XTBG’s mission: Promote science development and environmental conservation through implementing scientific research on ecology and plant diversity conservation, horticultural exhibition, and public education. Photo by XIAO Jiao-Jiao CONTENTS SCIENCE .............................................................................. 2 Project Development ............................................................... -
History, Development and Corporate Structure
THE DOCUMENT IS IN DRAFT FORM, INCOMPLETE AND SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND THAT THE INFORMATION MUST BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE SECTION HEADED “WARNING” OF THE COVER OF THE DOCUMENT. HISTORY, DEVELOPMENT AND CORPORATE STRUCTURE OVERVIEW We are a leading ready-mixed concrete producer in China with strong research and development capabilities according to the CIC Report. Our history can be traced back to YNJG Concrete, which was established in April 1996. Its principal businesses included the production and sales of commercial concrete and related products. After being merged and absorbed into YNJG as the Commercial Concrete Division through an asset restructuring, YNJG Concrete was deregistered in May 2012. In December 2016, YNJG injected the operating assets of the Commercial Concrete Division and the equity interests of four operating subsidiaries into the Company through a capital increase. On June 19, 2007, the Company was established as a limited liability company by YNJG Concrete. On December 22, 2017, the Company was converted into a joint stock limited company and renamed “YCIH Green High-Performance Concrete Company Limited.” MILESTONES The following table outlines the milestones in our history of development: Years Events 1996 YNJG Concrete was established, whose principal businesses included the production and sales of commercial concrete and related products. 2007 The Company was established by YNJG Concrete in Kunming, Yunnan Province as a limited liability company, i.e., YNJG Green High- Performance Concrete Co., Ltd. (雲南建工綠色高性能混凝土有限公司). 2007 YNJG Concrete undertook the project of concrete production and supply for “Kunming University Town (昆明大學城)”, and from 2007 to 2010, it produced and supplied more than 800,000 cubic meters of concrete for this project. -
Empirical Research on Leadership Capacity of Secondary Vocational Teachers in Yunnan Province of China
Journal of Education and Learning; Vol. 10, No. 1; 2021 ISSN 1927-5250 E-ISSN 1927-5269 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Empirical Research on Leadership Capacity of Secondary Vocational Teachers in Yunnan Province of China Xiaoyao Yue1 & Yongjun Feng2 1 Higher Education Research Institute, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China 2 School of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China Correspondence: Yongjun Feng, School of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China. E-mail: [email protected] Received: November 10, 2020 Accepted: December 12, 2020 Online Published: December 16, 2020 doi:10.5539/jel.v10n1p7 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v10n1p7 Abstract Teacher leadership continues to be a growing educational reform initiative across the world. With the rapid development of Chinese language education, the role of teacher leadership in education reform is becoming more and more prominent. Based on the survey data of 104 teachers in a secondary vocational school in Yuxi City, this study investigated the level of teacher leadership capacity and discussed their promotion strategies. Based on Lambert’s (2003a) theory of teacher leadership capacity, the author developed a research questionnaire that including four structures of teacher leadership capacity, which focus on the vision, reflection and innovation, shared governance, supervision, and response to student achievement. This study adopted the five-likert point scale. Data analysis shows that the average scores of 17 items does not exceed 4.00 points, while the highest and lowest score are from “focus on the vision.” To improve the teacher leadership capacity, the study suggests that leaders should concentrate on the school’s vision as well as establish collaborative culture and atmosphere among teachers. -
Supplemental Information
Supplemental information Table S1 Sample information for the 36 Bactrocera minax populations and 8 Bactrocera tsuneonis populations used in this study Species Collection site Code Latitude Longitude Accession number B. minax Shimen County, Changde SM 29.6536°N 111.0646°E MK121987 - City, Hunan Province MK122016 Hongjiang County, HJ 27.2104°N 109.7884°E MK122052 - Huaihua City, Hunan MK122111 Province 27.2208°N 109.7694°E MK122112 - MK122144 Jingzhou Miao and Dong JZ 26.6774°N 109.7341°E MK122145 - Autonomous County, MK122174 Huaihua City, Hunan Province Mayang Miao MY 27.8036°N 109.8247°E MK122175 - Autonomous County, MK122204 Huaihua City, Hunan Province Luodian county, Qiannan LD 25.3426°N 106.6638°E MK124218 - Buyi and Miao MK124245 Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province Dongkou County, DK 27.0806°N 110.7209°E MK122205 - Shaoyang City, Hunan MK122234 Province Shaodong County, SD 27.2478°N 111.8964°E MK122235 - Shaoyang City, Hunan MK122264 Province 27.2056°N 111.8245°E MK122265 - MK122284 Xinning County, XN 26.4652°N 110.7256°E MK122022 - Shaoyang City,Hunan MK122051 Province 26.5387°N 110.7586°E MK122285 - MK122298 Baojing County, Xiangxi BJ 28.6154°N 109.4081°E MK122299 - Tujia and Miao MK122328 Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province 28.2802°N 109.4581°E MK122329 - MK122358 Guzhang County, GZ 28.6171°N 109.9508°E MK122359 - Xiangxi Tujia and Miao MK122388 Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province Luxi County, Xiangxi LX 28.2341°N 110.0571°E MK122389 - Tujia and Miao MK122407 Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province Yongshun County, YS 29.0023°N -
New Materials of the Late Miocene Muntiacus from Zhaotong Hominoid Site in Southern China DONG Wei1 JI Xue-Ping2 Nina G
-327 第52卷 第3期 古 脊 椎 动 物 学 报 pp. 316 2014年7月 VERTEBRATA PALASIATICA figs. 1-5 New materials of the Late Miocene Muntiacus from Zhaotong hominoid site in southern China DONG Wei1 JI Xue-Ping2 Nina G. JABLONSKI3 Denise F. SU4 LI Wen-Qi5 (1 Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044, China [email protected]) (2 Research Center for Southeast Asian Archeology & Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Kunming 650118, China) (3 Department of Anthropology, the Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802, USA) (4 Department of Paleobotany and Paleoecology, Cleveland Museum of Natural History Cleveland, OH 44106, USA) (5 Zhaoyang Museum Zhaotong, Yunnan 657000, China) Abstract Rescue excavations carried out from 2007 to 2010 at the Shuitangba lignite field in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province, not only resulted in the discovery of a new hominoid cranium and the addition of a new hominoid site in Yunnan, but the finding of a new muntjak with following characters: the brow tine is very close to the burr, which is moderately developed; the main beam extends backward and somewhat laterally, and then turns somewhat medially; and the neocrista and entocingulum are developed on the upper molars. The four limbs are relatively short. A cladistic analysis shows that the new materials represent a muntjak that is not in a sister-group relationship with Muntiacus leilaoensis from Yuanmou Late Miocene hominoid site, but rather represents an independent branch. Muntiacus zhaotongensis sp. nov. is proposed for the new muntjak materials. -
DAY 1: May 23Rd Arrival and Transfer to Rock Lijiang
A YUNNAN YOGA RETREAT May 23-28th 2021 www.bespoketravelcompany.com 1 [email protected] ABOUT THIS TRIP We may not know you personally, but we’re going to go out on a limb and say that you need a break. A proper one. If your past year has been anything like ours then we know a couple of things are probably true. 1) it’s time you treated yourself; and 2) stepping onto the yoga mat was probably the best thing you did last year to stay sane and happy. Here at Bespoke we feel the same, which is why this six-day trip in Lijiang and Dali has been created by our frazzled founder and the fabulous folks at Taozi Tree Yoga studio to be a dream retreat of sorts; a complete getaway for those looking for something special. The focus of this trip will be on restoring balance, aligning ying and yang, identifying problem areas and returning a new person: calmer, healthier, more rested and with greater mental clarity to cope with whatever comes next. What’s more, the surroundings couldn’t be more inspiring: Yunnan’s majestic mountains, lush valleys, rare flowers and rich Tibetan heritage will lift your spirits daily. We’ll visit practicing temples, take a yoga class on a raised platform overlooking Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, be serenaded by local musicians and even try our hand at tie dying with the locals. Oh, and let’s not forget all those delicious family-style Yunnan meals – it’s one of the main reasons to go right? TRIP LENGTH: 6 days, 5 nights (Sunday May 23–Friday May 28, 2021) COST: Early bird until April 10th: 10,900RMB/person; 12,000RMB/person thereafter, based on double occupancy; add 2,800RMB for single occupancy. -
45030-002: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Environmental Monitoring Report Project Number: 45030-002 August 2017 PRC: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project Prepared by the Yunnan Highway Administration Bureau for the People’s Republic of China and the Asian Development Bank This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Asian Development Bank Environmental Monitoring Report Project Number: 45030-002 Semi-annual Report August 2017 People’s Republic of China: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project Prepared by Prepared by the Yunnan Highway Administration Bureau for the People’s Republic of China and the Asian Development Bank This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. PRC-3074: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project The Environmental Monitoring Report in the First Half of 2017 For Phase II and Phase III-Road Maintenance Subprojects Drafted in August 2017 Prepared by the Yunnan Highway Administration Bureau for the Asian Development Bank i Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY V I. -
Household Stove Improvement and Risk of Lung Cancer in Xuanwei, China
Household Stove Improvement and Risk of Lung Cancer in Xuanwei, China Qing Lan, Robert S. Chapman, Dina M. Schreinemachers, Linwei Tian, Xingzhou He erably lower in China (6.8 in men and 3.2 in women) and was Background: Lung cancer rates in rural Xuanwei County, lower still in Yunnan as a whole (4.3 in men and 1.5 in women). Yunnan Province, are among the highest in China. Residents In Xuanwei, more than 90% of residents are farmers with little traditionally burned “smoky” coal in unvented indoor or no exposure to industrial or automotive air pollution, and firepits that generated very high levels of air pollution. Since residential stability is very high. Most men, but very few the 1970s, most residents have changed from firepits to women, smoke tobacco. Nearly all women, and some men, cook stoves with chimneys. This study assessed whether lung can- food on the household stove. cer incidence decreased after this stove improvement. Meth- For household cooking and heating, Xuanwei residents have ods: A cohort of 21 232 farmers, born from 1917 through traditionally burned “smoky coal,” “smokeless coal,” or wood in 1951, was followed retrospectively from 1976 through 1992. unvented indoor firepits. (Smoky coal and smokeless coal are All subjects were users of smoky coal who had been born general descriptive terms used throughout China for bituminous into homes with unvented firepits. During their lifetime, and anthracite coal, respectively.) Burning smoky coal in a 17 184 subjects (80.9%) changed permanently to stoves with firepit generates very high indoor concentrations of airborne 3 chimneys. -
The Spectrum-STI Groups Model: Syphilis Prevalence Trends Across High-Risk and Lower-Risk Populations in Yunnan, China Eline L
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The Spectrum-STI Groups model: syphilis prevalence trends across high-risk and lower-risk populations in Yunnan, China Eline L. Korenromp1,12*, Wanyue Zhang2,12, Xiujie Zhang2,12, Yanling Ma2, Manhong Jia2, Hongbin Luo2, Yan Guo2, Xiaobin Zhang2, Xiangdong Gong3, Fangfang Chen4, Jing Li3, Takeshi Nishijima5, Zhongdan Chen6, Melanie M. Taylor7,8, Kendall Hecht9, Guy Mahiané9, Jane Rowley10 & Xiang-Sheng Chen3,11 The Spectrum-STI model, structured by sub-groups within a population, was used in a workshop in Yunnan, China, to estimate provincial trends in active syphilis in 15 to 49-year-old adults. Syphilis prevalence data from female sex workers (FSW), men who have sex with men (MSM), and lower-risk women and men in Yunnan were identifed through literature searches and local experts. Sources included antenatal care clinic screening, blood donor screening, HIV/STI bio-behavioural surveys, sentinel surveillance, and epidemiology studies. The 2017 provincial syphilis prevalence estimates were 0.26% (95% confdence interval 0.17–0.34%) in women and 0.28% (0.20–0.36%) in men. Estimated prevalence was 6.8-fold higher in FSW (1.69% (0.68–3.97%) than in lower-risk women (0.25% (0.18– 0.35%)), and 22.7-fold higher in MSM (5.35% (2.74–12.47%) than in lower-risk men (0.24% (0.17– 0.31%). For all populations, the 2017 estimates were below the 2005 estimates, but diferences were not signifcant. In 2017 FSW and MSM together accounted for 9.3% of prevalent cases. These estimates suggest Yunnan’s STI programs have kept the overall prevalence of syphilis low, but prevalence remains high in FSW and MSM. -
Newsletter Cylchlythyr
THE FRIENDS OF TREBORTH BOTANIC GARDEN CYFEILLION GARDD FOTANEG TREBORTH NEWSLETTER CYLCHLYTHYR Number / Rhif 64 January/Ionawr 2019 Fig. 1. Smaller bee boles with small straw skep [p. 5]. Fig 2. Ulva intestinalis on the shore of Treborth Botanic Garden [p. 15] 2 COMMITTEE Sarah Edgar ([email protected]) Chair Angela Thompson ([email protected]) Vice Chair, Joint Membership Sec Cath Dixon Treasurer Natalie Chivers ([email protected]) Curator Rosie Kressman ([email protected]) Horticulturist Cherry Bartlett ([email protected]) Events Secretary Teri Shaw Joint Membership Sec Dr John Gorham Committee Member Dr David Shaw Committee Member Tom Cockbill Committee Member Dr Ann Illsley Committee Member Dr James Stroud Committee Member Jen Towill Committee Member Tom Morrisey STAG Representative Newsletter Team John Gorham (layout, photos) Grace Gibson (adverts, articles) Angela Thompson email as above (commissioning articles, planning, editing) Cover Photos: Front:: Treborth trees in Winter [p. 13] © Rosie Kressman Back: (top) Llyn Clywedog panorama [p. 11] © Jon Keymer (bottom) Panorama in Torres del Paine, Chile [p. 24] © Richard Birch Unless otherwise stated, all contributions to the newsletter are copyright of the author. For more information about The Friends of Treborth Botanic Garden, please visit our website: www.friendsoftreborthbotanicgarden.org or write to: The Chair, Friends of Treborth Botanic Garden, Treborth, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2RQ, UK Issue No. 64 January 2019 Contents Chair’s Introduction, January -
501 Mcclung Tower Department of Religious Studies University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN 37996 (865) 382-0850 / [email protected]
MEGAN BRYSON 501 McClung Tower Department of Religious Studies University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN 37996 (865) 382-0850 / [email protected] Current Position: Associate Professor and Associate Department Head, Department of Religious Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville EMPLOYMENT Associate Professor, Department of Religious Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2019-present Assistant Professor, Department of Religious Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2013-2019 Lecturer, Department of Religious Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2010-2013 EDUCATION Stanford University, Stanford, California, 2002-2010 Ph.D. in Religious Studies, September 23, 2010 Specializations: Chinese Buddhism, Chinese Religions, East Asian Buddhism, Buddhism and Gender Advisors: Dr. Carl Bielefeldt, Dr. Bernard Faure University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 1996-2000 B.A., Religious Studies and Chinese, summa cum laude, with departmental honors, March 2000 Thesis topic: Buddhist discourses on gender and ritual pollution in late imperial China. PUBLICATIONS Books (Monographs) In Print 2016. Goddess on the Frontier: Religion, Ethnicity, and Gender in Southwest China. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Reviews: Balkwill, Stephanie. H-Buddhism (online). Bilik, Naran. Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions 22.3 (Feb. 2019): 130-132. Chen, Meiwen. Journal of the American Academy of Religion 85.4 (December 2017): 1181-1183. Dardess, John. Journal of Interdisciplinary History 48.1 (Summer 2017): 121-122. Giersch, C. Patterson. Pacific Affairs 91.1 (March 2018): 149-151 He, Yuemin. Religion and the Arts 21.5 (2017): 665-668. Lazzerini, Simona. Reading Religion (online). Notar, Beth E. Nan Nü: Men, Women and Gender in China 21.1 (2019): 138-141. Tenzin, Jinba. Cross-Currents: East Asian History and Culture Review (E-Journal) 24.