Race and Ethnicity in the Language of Disaster in Early Twentieth-Century Texas
ON A FLOOD OF WORDS: RACE AND ETHNICITY IN THE LANGUAGE OF DISASTER IN EARLY TWENTIETH-CENTURY TEXAS A Thesis by ROBIN LYNN ROE Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Chair of Committee, Carlos K. Blanton Committee Members, Walter L. Buenger Amy E. Earhart Head of Department, David J. Vaught August 2015 Major Subject: History Copyright 2015 Robin Lynn Roe ABSTRACT My thesis will show that newspaper reports on weather-related natural disasters in Texas and the Southwest borderlands between 1899 and 1921 reflect the change in racial and ethnic identities during the rise of the Jim Crow system, but also how reporting helped shape those changes. I will examine the language used in this reporting and compare differences in treatment and presentation based on race and ethnicity and how this changed throughout the period, including the absence of information about certain victims and how class, gender, and age played a role in reporting. I will analyze graphic art and photography used in newspaper reports on the disasters for ways in which perceptions of race, ethnicity, and class influenced their selection. I will include diversity in the disaster types, geographical areas, and the victims’ race, ethnicity, gender, and class. As weather-related natural disasters, particularly hurricanes, often extend over large geographic areas, I track the reporting of such storms outside my primary area where appropriate. In contrast, I will examine highly localized events such as diffused smaller flooding events that primarily impacted specific ethnic populations or geographic areas.
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