EMFULENI STEELING THE RIVER CITY? Joburg Metro Building, 16th floor, 158 Loveday Street, Braamfontein 2017 Tel: +27 (0)11-407-6471 | Fax: +27 (0)11-403-5230 | email:
[email protected] | www.sacities.net CONTENTS 1. Introduction 6 2. The iron ore and steel industry value chain 9 2.1 Mining of iron ore and the scrap metal system 9 2.2 Steel production and the steel market 9 2.3 Concluding comments and the future of the iron ore and steel industry 12 3. Historical perspective on Emfuleni 14 4. Demographic and economic analysis 19 4.1 Demographic analysis 19 4.1.1 Urbanisation and in-migration 19 4.1.2 Population age distribution 21 4.1.3 Daily commuting to Johannesburg 22 4.2 Economic and development profile 23 4.2.1 Economic profile 23 4.2.2 The manufacturing industry in Emfuleni 27 4.2.3 Income poverty 31 4.2.4 Human Development Index 33 4.2.5 Gini coefficient 34 4.3 Synthesis 34 5. Business environment 35 5.1 Business profile 35 5.2 ArcelorMittal 35 5.3 DAV steel (Cape Gate Pty Ltd) 37 5.4 DCD ringrollers 38 5.5 Downstreaming in the steel industry 38 5.6 Business / local government relations 38 5.7 Synthesis 40 6. Municipal responses 40 6.1 The Integrated Development Plan and LED plans 40 6.2 Spatial planning 42 6.2.1 Spatial planning pressures 43 i 6.2.2 The river city concept 44 6.2.3 Land use regulations 44 6.2.4 Student housing 45 6.2.5 Desegregation 45 6.2.6 The provision of RDP housing units 45 6.2.7 CBD development 46 6.2.8 Spatial planning: A synthesis 46 6.3 Municipal governance and management 47 6.4 Municipal engineering services 48 6.4.1 Water 48 6.4.2 Sanitation 49 6.4.3 Electricity 50 6.5 Municipal finance 50 6.5.1 Auditor-General findings 51 6.5.2 Income 52 6.5.3 Expenditure 54 6.5.4 Comparing Emfuleni with other areas 55 6.6 Service delivery protests 56 6.7 Social relations 57 7.