Rocky Reach Reservoir Water Quality Monitoring Work Plan
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ROCKY REACH RESERVOIR WATER QUALITY MONITORING WORK PLAN Prepared for PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT NO. 1 OF CHELAN COUNTY, WASHINGTON P.O. Box 1231 Wenatchee, Washington 98807-1231 Prepared by 5808 Lake Washington Blvd. NE, Suite 200 Kirkland, Washington 98033-7350 In association with RENSEL ASSOCIATES AQUATIC SCIENCE CONSULTANTS UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO October 1999 INTRODUCTION Relicensing of the Rocky Reach project requires a Water Quality Certification from the Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology) to comply with Section 401 of the Federal Clean Water Act. The fundamental requirement for 401 certification is to demonstrate that affected water bodies meet the State water quality standards, as defined by Chapter 173-201A WAC. In addition to the permit requirements, water quality monitoring is needed to provide adequate baseline information on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of Rocky Reach Reservoir and the tailrace. This information will help define the relationships between water quality and beneficial uses, including fisheries, recreation, water supply, and aesthetics. Water quality monitoring objectives of the present study include the need to: · Compare existing water quality to Washington State standards; · Identify appropriate methods and approach for monitoring key parameters; · Relate the monitoring results to fisheries concerns and other uses of the reservoir; · Compare and contrast results to upstream and downstream conditions from other studies; and · Determine ongoing project-related impacts. Elements of the Rocky Reach Water Quality Monitoring program include a literature review of existing water quality and water rights information, one year of periodic water quality sample collection, laboratory analyses, sample data analyses and interpretation, and preparation of a Rocky Reach Water Quality Report. Opportunities for public and resource agency input will occur throughout the program, including review of this Draft Work Plan. The purpose of the Work Plan is to provide a brief overview of all elements of the Rocky Reach Water Quality Monitoring program. Details on the methods used for sample collection and analysis are included in the Rocky Reach Water Quality Sampling and Analysis Plan (see Appendix A). Additional information on data quality objectives, field quality control procedures, laboratory quality control practices, and data management protocols is included in the Rocky Reach Water Quality Monitoring Quality Assurance/Quality Control Plan (Appendix B). LITERATURE REVIEW A literature review and compilation of water quality data and water rights information will be completed for the mid-Columbia River, including the Rocky Reach Reservoir and its primary tributary, the Entiat River. Information previously compiled for the 1991 application for raising the reservoir pool elevation and the July 7, 1999, Initial Consultation Document will be updated with the latest water rights data available from Ecology and water quality data from various sources. The following ongoing water quality monitoring occurs in the project area: Work Plan 1 November 23, 1999 Rocky Reach Water Quality Monitoring SS/1675rr · Douglas County PUD monitors total dissolved gas and water temperature hourly in the forebay at Wells Dam and in the tailrace approximately three miles downriver near the east shore. · Chelan County PUD monitors total dissolved gas and water temperature hourly in the forebay at Rocky Reach dam and in the tailrace 4.0 miles downriver at the Odabashian Bridge. · The Washington State Department of Ecology monitors the following parameters monthly in the lower Entiat River 1.5 miles upstream from its confluence with the Columbia River: water temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, fecal coliform, suspended solids, total persulfate nitrogen, nitrate plus nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved phosphorus, and turbidity. · The U.S. Forest Service monitors water temperature continuously in the Entiat River upstream from the Keystone bridge (river mile 1.5). SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OVERVIEW The Rocky Reach Water Quality Monitoring Program will include periodic sampling and measurements of physical, chemical, and biological factors at several locations for one year. Rocky Reach Reservoir is a very fast flushing system, with average water residence times of about 1.5 days (Stober et al. 1979). This results in a generally well-mixed reservoir with little variation in physical and chemical conditions, such as water temperature and alkalinity. However, some physical factors such as total dissolved gas may vary spatially in the reservoir, due to currents, lake morphology, and upstream project operations. Biological parameters, such as phytoplankton or zooplankton are often more patchy in their distribution, and require additional monitoring to ensure an adequate analysis. Meteorological and hydrological factors are also reflected in seasonal changes in the physical, chemical, and biological environment of Rocky Reach Reservoir. The characteristics of Rocky Reach Reservoir described above were all considered in selecting sampling locations, determining the water quality indicators to be monitored, identifying the types and numbers of samples to collect, and scheduling the appropriate times to monitor each parameter. Table 1 summarizes the monitoring program for Water Year 2000 (i.e., October 1999 through September 2000). Letter codes in the table show which locations will be sampled each month and the degree of sample replication that will be implemented, depending on the variability indicated by the first monitoring event. SAMPLING LOCATIONS The different areas exhibiting spatial variability of water quality parameters within Rocky Reach Reservoir are expected to be littoral (i.e., shallow near-shore) habitats versus pelagic (i.e., deeper midstream) habitats, areas upstream and downstream from dams, and areas upstream and downstream from major tributaries. General monitoring locations were selected along five lateral Rocky Reach Reservoir transects to represent these areas of expected variability (see Figure 1). One additional transect was located across the mouth of the Entiat River. The specific location of each transect and monitoring location will be selected in the field during the first sampling event. Work Plan 2 November 23, 1999 Rocky Reach Water Quality Monitoring SS/1675rr Table 1. Rocky Reach Reservoir - Water Quality Sampling Plan Overview PARAMETERS SAMPLE TYPE Laboratory Analysis Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Total Nutrients Composite Grab A B C D B D A C C A C C Dissolved Nutrients Composite Grab A B C D B D A C C A C C Total Suspended Solids Composite Grab A B C D B D A C C A C C Hardness Composite Grab A B C D B D A C C A C C Alkalinity & Carbonate Composite Grab A B C D B D A C C A C C Fecal Coliform 1 m A B C D B D A C C A C C Chlorophyll a Composite Grab A B C D B D A C C A C C Plankton Composite Grab A D D D B D A C C A C C Attached Benthic Algae Replicate Samples E E D D E D E D D E E D In Situ Analysis Water Temperature Vertical Profile A B C D B D A C C F F F Turbidity Composite Grab A B C D B D A C C A C C Total Dissolved Gas 1 m A B C D B D A A A A C C Conductivity Vertical Profile A B C D B D A C C F F F pH Vertical Profile A B C D B D A C C A C C Redox Potential Vertical Profile A B C D B D A C C A C C Dissolved Oxygen Vertical Profile A B C D B D A C C A C C Secchi Disk Transparency N/A A B C D B D A C C A C C KEY A = Stations 1P, 2P, 2L, 3P, 4P, 4L, 5P, and 6T; plus replicates at core stations 1P, 3P, 4P, and 5P B = Stations 1P, 2P, 2L, 3P, 4P, 4L, 5P, and 6T C = Same as A if unable to pool results from previous "A" sampling period, other wise same as "B" D = No sampling E = Replicate samples at nearshore stations on both sides of the river at all six transects F = Same as A plus littoral measurements at upstream side of Daroga State Park and continuous temp monitoring installation there Transects are numbered from upstream to downstream with "P" denoting a midstream pelagic station, "L" denoting a nearshore littoral station, and "T" denoting a tributary station. Transect 1 is Wells Dam tailrace, transect 2 is upstream of Chelan R. confluence, transect 3 is upstream of Entiat R. confluence, transect 4 is just upstream of RR dam, transect 5 is in RR tailrace, and transect 6 is Entiat R. near mouth. Notes Total nutrients = total N and total P, Dissolved Nutrients = orthophosphate, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia (filtered in field) Plankton = biomass and density of phytoplankton and zooplankton Replicates for water temperature are additional surface casts, unless stratification is noted, then entire profiles Work Plan 3 November 23, 1999 Rocky Reach Water Quality Monitoring SS/1675 Work Plan 4 November 23, 1999 Rocky Reach Water Quality Monitoring SS/1675 Where appropriate, the monitoring points will be co-located with historic or ongoing monitoring locations (e.g., U.S. Geological Survey gauging stations on the Columbia and Entiat rivers). The six transects numbered upstream to downstream are: · Transect 1 - Wells Dam tailrace at the upper end of Rocky Reach Reservoir · Transect 2 - upper reservoir upstream from the Chelan River confluence · Transect 3 – mid-reservoir upstream from the Entiat River confluence · Transect 4 - Rocky Reach Reservoir pool just upstream from the dam · Transect 5 - Rocky Reach tailrace downstream from the dam · Transect 6 - mouth of the Entiat River. Water column monitoring will include five midstream pelagic (designated “P”), two near-shore littoral (designated “L”), and one tributary (designated “T”) locations. Water quality in the lower Chelan River, the other major tributary entering Rocky Reach Reservoir, is monitored as part of the ongoing Chelan Project relicensing studies.