Jimi Hendrix

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Jimi Hendrix It's only rock & roll | Pep Saña | Actualitzat el 24/05/2017 a les 19:27 Jimi Hendrix Reconegut unànimement com un dels músics més creatius i influents del segle XX, Jimi Hendrix va ser pioner en les explosives possibilitats de la guitarra elèctrica. L'innovador estil de Hendrix combinant la distorsió controlada de la guitarra el va fer creador d'una nova forma musical. Tenint en conte que no sabia llegir ni escriure música, és extraordinari l'ascens meteòric de Jimi Hendrix perquè va tenir lloc en només quatre anys. És considerat un dels més grans guitarristes de la història de la música, a més de ser un dels més grans innovadors i més influents artistes d'alguns gèneres musicals. El seu estil musical continua influint en multitud de músics, des de Miles Davis a Steve Vai. La seva exhibició al festival de Woodstock de 1969 el va transformar en un símbol, la imatge de Jimi Hendrix, tocant l'himne dels Estats Units amb una distorsió visiblement provocada però brillant, va entrar potentment a l'imaginari col?lectiu musical com un dels punts d'inflexió de la història del rock. Jimi Hendrix - National Anthem U.S.A (Woodstock 1969) V?deo: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MwIymq0iTsw Hendrix va ser introduït al Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame al 1992. L'any 2003, la revista Rolling Stone el va escollir com el millor guitarrista de tots els temps i al 2004 el va incloure en el numero 6 a la seva llista dels millors artistes de tota la història. Al 2009, la revista Time el va situar com el millor guitarrista de guitarra elèctrica de la història, per davant de Slash, B. B. King, Angus Young, Chuck Berry, Keith Richards i Jimmy Page. https://www.naciodigital.cat/bergueda/noticia/9852/jimi-hendrix Pagina 1 de 13 Inicis Jimi Hendrix, nascut com Johnny Allen Hendrix el 27 de novembre de 1942, a Seattle, de mare d'orígens natiu americana i pare afroamericà (la seva avia materna era una india cherokee pura), li van canviar el nom pel de James Marshall Hendrix en memòria del germà mort del seu pare Leon Marshall Hendrix. El petit Jimi va passar els seus primers anys en un barri molt humil i va tenir una infància marcada per l'alcoholisme, les baralles i el posterior divorci dels seus pares quan tenia 9 anys. El jove Jimi es va interessar per la música atret per la influència de grans artistes de blues, com BB King, Muddy Waters, Howlin 'Wolf, Buddy Holly i Robert Johnson. Completament autodidacta, la incapacitat de Jimmy per llegir música el va fer concentrar-se encara més en la música que escoltava. El pare de Jimi, James Allen Ross Hendrix, a qui la gent anomenava Al, se'n va adonar de l' interès del noi per la guitarra, recordant "Solia deixar a Jimi netejant el dormitori mentre jo marxava, i quan tornava a casa trobava un munt de palletes d'escombra al voltant del peu del llit. Jo li deia, no has escombrat el terra?. I ell deia, oh si, ho he fet. Però més endavant descobriria que solia estar assegut al peu del llit i rascava l'escombra com si estigués tocant una guitarra?. Al, va trobar un vell ukelele d'una corda, que li va donar a Jimi per tocar, una enorme millora sobre l'escombra. A principis de 1958 mor la seva mare als 33 anys d'una cirrosi, i a l'estiu el seu pare va comprar a Jimi una guitarra acústica de segona mà a un dels seus amics per cinc dòlars, reemplaçant l' ukelele que Al havia trobat netejant un garatge. Va aprendre practicant sense parar, mirant com tocaven altres músics com Erick Johnson i B.B. King entre d'altres. Poc després, Jimi va formar la seva primera banda, The Velvetones. Després de tres mesos amb la banda, Jimi va tenir clar que necessitava una guitarra elèctrica perquè amb l'acústica no se'l sentia. L'estiu següent, Al, va comprar a Jimi la seva primera guitarra elèctrica, una Supro Ozark 1560S de color blanc que Jimi la va utilitzar quan es va unir a The Rocking Kings, una banda professional que tocava pel circuit de clubs de la zona. Poc interessat a l'escola, que deixaria abans de graduar-se, Jimi va començar a dedicar-se obsessivament a la música, els seus punts de referència van ser guitarristes de l'escena del blues de Chicago com Elmore James, Muddy Waters o Albert King, les llegendes del blues del Delta, com Robert Johnson i Leadbelly, i del rock and roll com Chuck Berry. Al 1961, degut a problemes amb la llei, es va veure obligat a triar entre un període de presó o allistar-se a l'exèrcit, triada la segona opció, Jimi es va allistar el 31 de maig de 1961 a la 101 Airborne Division i enviat a Fort Campbell, Kentucky. Acabat el seu entrenament va ser condecorat amb la insígnia Screaming Eagles de la divisió paracaigudista. La seva aventura militar va durar molt poc, frustrat per la rigidesa de l'ambient i convençut a dedicar-se a la música, Jimi decideix posar fi al seu període militar, visitant diverses vegades al psicòleg de l'exèrcit declarant ser homosexual. Tenint en compte algunes entrevistes deixades per Hendrix al respecte, sembla que amb la finalitat d'obtenir la baixa va al?legar problemes d'esquena i que s'havia trencat un turmell en un salt en paracaigudes. L'acostament a l'escena musical. Mentre estava a Fort Campbell, Jimi va formar The King Casuals amb el baixista Billy Cox que era company seu a l'exèrcit. Una vegada obtinguda la baixa, Buster (com el coneixien molts amics i familiars) i Cox (un cop llicenciat) se'n van anar a viure a Clarksville,Tennessee. Va començar a actuar en públic al 1962 al costat del seu amic Billy Cox, la banda va començar a tocar en locals de la zona fins que la formació sencera va decidir traslladar-se a Nashville. Tocaven en locals de la zona tradicionalment considerada el cor de la comunitat afroamericana de Nashville i coneguda per la intensa escena rhythm & blues que en aquell període s'estava https://www.naciodigital.cat/bergueda/noticia/9852/jimi-hendrix Pagina 2 de 13 desenvolupant, aquest ambient va propiciar i va influenciar les primeres experiències en directe de Hendrix. Durant els tres anys següents Jimi va formar part de la gira de l'anomenat Chitlin' Circuit, convertint-se en una presència fixa en multitud de concerts, tant de guitarrista de The King Casuals com amb bandes suport de molts músics de blues, rhythm & blues i soul com Chuck Jackson, Slim Harpo, Tommy Tucker, Sam Cooke i Jackie Wilson. El període del Chitlin' Circuit va resultar fonamental per la seva formació musical i estilística, en aquest context Hendrix va consolidar el seu coneixement de les arrels del blues. Una vegada acabat amb el que més tard anomenaria el seu període d'aprenentatge, Hendrix decideix anar-se'n a Nova York. Al gener de 1964, Jimi s'instal?la al barri de Harlem on fa amistat amb els bessons Arthur i Albert Allen. L'amistat amb els bessons Allen va resultar ser fonamental i destinada a durar en el temps, com demostren algunes col?laboracions a l'última part de la carrera de Hendrix. També va resultar fonamental la relació amb qui més tard es convertiria en la seva novia, Lithofayne "Fayne" Pridgeon. Fayne va facilitar suport i contactes a Hendrix i va resultar essencial per la seva inserció a l'escena local gràcies als seus coneixements de l'ambient musical de Harlem. Acostament a l'èxit La primera oportunitat de tastar l'èxit va arribar al 1964, quan Hendrix va ser reclutat com guitarrista de la banda dels Isley Brothers per una gira per tot Estats Units, inclosos els locals del Chitlin' Circuit, on justament en el passat havia tingut l'ocasió de tocar en gravacions d'estudi el tema Testify, single que es convertiria en un èxit radiofònic dels Isley Brothers. Entre 1964 i 1965 Hendrix va començar un seguit d'anades i tornades, d'un grup a l'altra, a Nashville va deixar als Isley Brothers per anar-se'n de guitarrista a la banda de Sam Cooke, a Atlanta va formar part dels Upsetters, que era la banda de Little Richard. A pesar de que Little Richard era en aquell temps un dels ídols de Jimi, tots dos van entrar en conflictes durant el tour per les raons més absurdes, la majoria per la intolerància de Little Richard a la teatralitat escènica de Hendrix, finalment va acabar marxant per afegir-se al tour de Ike & Tina Turner, però també va durar poc, les actuacions del guitarrista van provocar que Ike & Tina el retornessin a la seva banda anterior. De totes maneres, l'aventura amb la banda de Little Richard acabaria pocs mesos desprès quan Hendrix va ser acomiadat per haver perdut el bus del tour a Washington D. C. Al 1965 Hendrix es va unir a la banda de Nova York Curtis Knight And The Squires, després d'haver conegut a Knight en un hotel on s'allotjaven, al mateix temps també s'apuntava a un tour de dos mesos amb Joey Dee And The Starliters. Finalment, el 15 d'octubre de 1965 Jimi signa un contracte discogràfic de tres anys amb un empresari, Ed Chaplin, que va continuar en vigor més temps i mes endavant li causaria problemes legals. Al 1966 Hendrix va formar la seva primera banda amb el nom de Jimmy James And The Blue Flames.
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