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Water Quality Conservation in Marine Protected Areas

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Water Quality Conservation in Marine Protected Areas Water Quality Conservation in Marine Protected Areas A Case Study of Parque Nacional del Este, Dominican Republic Part 2 of 3 in a Series on Science Tools for Marine Park Management Edited by Mark Chiappone Translated into Spanish by Maria Bello and Georgina Bustamante Conservación de la calidad del agua en áreas marinas protegidas Estudio del Parque Nacional del Este, República Dominicana Parte 2 de una serie de 3 documentos científi cos para el manejo de parques marinos Editado por Mark Chiappone Traducido por María Bello y Georgina Bustamante Water (inside pages)-R1.id 1 6/14/01, 5:25 PM Copyright © 2001, The Nature Conservancy. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, without permission in writing from the publishers. For more information, contact: The Nature Conservancy Caribbean Division 4245 N. Fairfax Drive Arlington, Virginia 22203, USA Telephone: (703) 841-4860 Fisheries Investigations and Management Implications in Marine Protected Areas of the Caribbean: A Case Study of Parque Nacional del Este, Dominican Republic. ISBN: 1-886765-11-1 Edited by Mark Chiappone Translated into Spanish by Maria Bello and Georgina Bustamante Cover photographs: Patrice Ceisel. Layout & Design: Francisco Vasquez Published by: Publications for Capacity Building, The Nature Conservancy Headquarters. 4245 N. Fairfax Drive, Arlington, Virginia 22203, USA - Tel.: (703) 841-4880, email: [email protected] This publication was made possible through support provided by the Offi ce LAC/RSD/, Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean, U.S. Agency for International Development, under terms of Grant No. LAG-A-00-95-00026-00. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily refl ect the views of the U.S. Agency for International Development. Derechos reservados © 2001, The Nature Conservancy. Todos los derechos reservados. Ninguna parte de este documento puede ser reproducida en forma electrónica, mecánica u otra cualquiera sin la autorización por escrito de la editora. Para más información, comuníquese con: The Nature Conservancy Caribbean Division 4245 N. Fairfax Drive Arlington, Virginia 22203, USA Teléfono: (703) 841-4860 Las investigaciones pesqueras y su aplicación en el manejo de áreas marinas protegidas del Caribe: Estudio del Parque Nacional del Este, República Dominicana ISBN: 1-886765-11-1 Editado por Mark Chiappone Traducido por María Bello y Georgina Bustamante Fotografía de la portada: Patrice Ceisel Diseño y diagramación: Francisco Vasquez Publicado por: Publications for Capacity Building, The Nature Conservancy Headquarters. 4245 N. Fairfax Drive, Arlington, Virginia 22203, USA - Tel.: (703) 841-4880, email: [email protected] Esta publicación ha sido posible gracias al apoyo de la Ofi cina LAC/RSD/, Bureau para América Latina y el Caribbean, Agencia para el Desarrollo Internacional de los Estados Unidos, bajo los términos del acuerdo No. LAG-A-00-95-00026-00. Las opiniones expresadas aquí son las de la autora y no refl ejan necesariamente las opiniones de la Agencia para el Desarrollo Internacional de los Estados Unidos. Water (inside pages)-R1.id 2 6/14/01, 5:25 PM LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS (ALPHABETICAL)/ CONTRIBUIDORES (EN ÓRDEN ALFABÉTICO) Mark Chiappone Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 515 Caribbean Drive, Key Largo, Florida 33037, USA. Gabriel A. Delgado University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Division of Marine Biology and Fisheries, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, USA. Francisco X. Geraldes Fundación Dominicana Pro-Investigación y Conservación de los Recursos Marinos (MAMMA), César Nicolás Pensón #83, P.O. Box 748, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana and Centro de Investigaciones de Biología (CIBIMA), Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana Lisa Greer University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Division of Marine Geology and Geophysics, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, USA. Enrique Pugibet Fundación Dominicana Pro-Investigación y Conservación de los Recursos Marinos (MAMMA), César Nicolás Pensón #83, P.O. Box 748, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana and Acuario Nacional, Avenida España, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana Yira Rodríguez Fundación Dominicana Pro-Investigación y Conservación de los Recursos Marinos (MAMMA), César Nicolás Pensón #83, P.O. Box 748, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana Kathleen M. Sullivan University of Miami, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 249118, Coral Gables, Florida 33124, USA. Peter K. Swart University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Division of Marine Geology and Geophysics, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, USA. Rubén E. Torres Fundación Dominicana Pro-Investigación y Conservación de los Recursos Marinos (MAMMA), César Nicolás Pensón #83, P.O. Box 748, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana John Tschirky The Nature Conservancy, Caribbean Division, 4245 N. Fairfax Drive, Arlington, Virginia 22203, USA. Mónica Vega Fundación Dominicana Pro-Investigación y Conservación de los Recursos Marinos (MAMMA), César Nicolás Pensón #83, P.O. Box 748, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana and Acuario Nacional, Avenida España, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana Water (inside pages)-R1.id 3 6/14/01, 5:25 PM Water (inside pages)-R1.id 4 6/14/01, 5:25 PM Foreword Prólogo Parque Nacional del Este (PNE) is the second-largest El Parque Nacional del Este (PNE) es la segunda en extensión de las coastal national park in the Dominican Republic, compris- áreas protegidas en la República Dominicana, ocupa alrededor de 43 ing over 43,000 hectares (ha) of terrestrial habitats and an 000 hectáreas de hábitats terrestres, a las que se que se suman unas additional 12,000ha of shallow-water (< 30 m) marine habi- 12 000 hectáreas de hábitats marinos en aguas someras no declara- tats (proposed for inclusion). Located in the southeastern das ofi cialmente. Localizado en el sureste de la República Dominicana, Dominican Republic, the park also includes Isla Saona, a el parque también incluye la Isla Saona, una isla de 11 000 hectáreas large (11,000 ha) island separating the Canal de Catuano separada de una península en tierra fi rme por el Canal de Catuano, una (marine lagoon) from the mainland peninsula. PNE com- laguna marina de poca profundidad. El PNE posee un paisaje típico muy prises part of a landscape representative of what would have similar al que existió en la época en que estaba habitada por los nati- been seen by the native inhabitants of the area prior to vos aborígenes anterior a la colonización española de los siglos XV y Spanish colonization in the 15th century. In addition to XVI. Además de sus recursos biológicos, el PNE posee una rica historia its biological resources, PNE has a rich cultural history cultural representada por cavernas soterradas ampliamente adornadas represented by richly adorned caverns with pre-Columbian con pictografías precolombinas y petroglifos, y que funcionaron proba- pictographs and petroglyphs that probably functioned as blemente como centros ceremoniales. El parque fue establecido por ceremonial centers. The park was established by Dominican el decreto no. 1311 del 16 de septiembre de 1975. Previo al estable- decree #1311 on September 16, 1975. Prior to establish- cimiento del mismo, se realizaron algunos estudios preliminares para ment, a limited amount of investigation evaluated the area evaluar el potencial biológico y para el desarrollo del mismo como un for its biological value and its potential for development as Parque Nacional “moderno”. a “modern” national park. La División del Caribe de The Nature Conservancy (TNC/LACD) The Nature Conservancy’s Latin American and Carib- ha estado vinculada desde 1993 al proyecto de conservación de la bean Division (TNC/LACD) has been engaged in a bio- biodiversidad del PNE a través del programa conocido como Parques diversity conservation project in Parque Nacional del Este en Peligro (Parks-in-Peril ó PiP). Este innovador programa funciona since 1993 through its Parks in Peril (PiP) program. This actualmente en 61 sitios en 18 países del América Latina y el Caribe, innovative program works at 61 sites in 18 countries within como un esfuerzo para proveer asistencia de emergencia y trans- Latin America and the Caribbean in an effort to provide formar los parques “en papel” en áreas efectivamente protegidas y emergency assistance to transform “paper” parks into func- funcionales. Veintitrés de estos sitios, incluyendo el PNE, están respal- tioning and effective protected areas. A subset (23) of these dados económicamente en gran parte por la Agencia Internacional sites, including PNE, is funded in large part by the United para el Desarrollo, de los Estados Unidos (USAID). El PiP es un pro- States Agency for International Development (USAID). grama de amplia colaboración, fundamentalmente entre TNC, la comu- The PiP program is a broad partnership comprising nidad internacional de agencias fi nanciadoras y conservacionistas, y TNC, the international donor and conservation commu- organizaciones públicas y privadas de grupos conservacionistas en los nity, and in-country private and public conservation organi- respectivos países. Se ha convertido en una de las iniciativas interna- zations. It has become one of the most comprehensive and cionales más amplias y exitosas para la conservación de la biodiversi- V Water (inside pages)-R1.id 5 6/14/01,
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