Farmington,,thevillageofbeautifulhomes.Photographicreproductions,illustratingeveryhomeintown.Prominentpeoplepastandpresent,allschoolchildren,localantiques,etc

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HF.NHE T LORD MADE THE WORLD HE MADE ASIA, AFRICA, AND EUROPE, AND LAST OF ALL HE MADE NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA. HE MADE THE AMERICAS WITH SPECIAL CARE, AS THAT IS THE PLACE WHERE THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD WOULD FINALLY COME TOGETHER. WHEN THE LORD WAS MAKING NEW ENGLAND, ONE OF THE LITTLE ANGELS ASKF.D THAT HE TOO MIGHT MAKE A STATU. SO THE LORD LET HIM MAKE THE STATE OF CONNEC TICUT. AS THE LITTLE ANGELS SHAPED THE RIVERS AND BUILT UP THE MOUNTAINS, I11s CHEEKS WERE RED WITH EXCITEMENT. HU T W HEN THE WORK WAS NEARLY FINISHED THERE WAS A LARGE HOLLOW AND THE MATERIAL WAS ALL GONE. THEN THE LITTLE ANGEL WAS OVERWHELMED WITH CONFUSION. HUT THE LORD TOOK HIM KINDLY BY THE HAND, AND THE LORD TOOK FROM THE FOLDS OF HIS MANTLE SOME OF THE STUFF OF WHICH PARADISE IS MADE AND HE FITTED IT INTO THE HOLE AND THE PLAC E W \S FARMINGTON. I.R. I 11.

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THE I AMES LEWIS COWLES PLACE

PHOTOGRAPHIC R EPRODUCTIONS, ILLUSTRATING i EVERY HOMEN I THE TOWN.

PROMINENT P EOPLE PAST AND PRESENT, ALL OF THE SCHOOL CHILDREN, LOCAL ANTIQUES, ETC.

FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT,

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THE C ITY PRINTING COMPANY MAIN STRRET, HAR7FORIJ

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Traversed f rom north to south by maples a nd willows that herald the trap ledges that broke through the soring, and acres and acres of sturdy sand stone millions of years ago, this flowers in the late summer that almost

town lies along the side of the moun conceal the grazing cattle. tain, and below, the Farmington River Beyond i s Warren,s den and makes a great bend and flows off to The Pinnacle. Here is tillable land wards Avon to join the Connecticut. between the mountains, with the res The w ide flat meadows, chased over ervoir that looks like a lake among the by countless effects of cloud where the hills (Lake Wadsworth). Here also are Marsh Hawk sails silently along seek- the Peach Orchards. Diamond Glen.

THE W ILLOWS." FHE T town of Farming- ton is as beautiful as some of its admirers believe, it must be largely because of its combination of river and mountain landscapes. Contrary to what many think the artist does not seek those places with panoramic effects; with snow clad mountains where there is PINNACLE M OUNTAIN. a single view, which may look like a ing i ts prey, are not one of the least and H ooker s Grove. map. But he loves better those vil parts of the beauties of Farmington. There i s a tradition that upon still lages like Farmington, where the coun There the sluggish Pequabuck flows, moonlight n ights the form of an Indian try is broken into many accdients and uncertain whether to move toward New may be seen passing down the moun corners that arc picturesque and beauti Haven or toward the north. Here the tainside at I looker's Grove with a deer ful. long meadows are filled with red thrown over his shoulder. But be ware do not speak to him. for no one may speak to him with impunity. This l ong chain of trap ledges, a part of the Green Mountains, is filled with flowers, with birds, with squirrels and with coons. It is the home of the partridge and of the woodcock, the Red Fyed Vireo and the Oven Bird. From t he mountains descend some of the most beautiful brooks in the world. Without particularly mentioning the Diamond Glen brook, there is the brook that flows through Rice's Woods. Every beauty that belongs to a little brook is there, from the brown pools where the trout live, to the broad gravelly stretches where everything is twinkling in the sun. Another beauti WADSWORTH,S L AKE. FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT,

ful b rook is the one that rises below the Smith place. One may not see the stream at first for it is thickly fringed by a wonderful collection of white birch trees. At times a deer may be seen returning to these places after an interval of years. In fact there is little change in this brook since the Indians lived in their fort on Fort Lot over on the golf links of the Country Club. B.

A G LANCE AT THE

EARMINGTON LANDSCAPE

"Such a t houghtful idea of Prov idence, to run rivers through all large cities," said the lady. If she has ever been in Farmington she would have considered the north and south plan equally felicitous. This arrangement brings effects of light and shadow at morning and evening hours that an east and west valley does not. It also al lows the summer south breeze full play through it — a satisfactory arrangement, as we all know, — while no such sweep is allowed the west winds of winter. What a beautiful, distinguished valley it is, hills and meadows and forests do ing just the right, restful thing. Beyond the warm gray, lichen-flecked post and rail fence, suggesting bars of musie, as the hilltop hay field and old fashioned apple orchard, sloping away to a pas ture where the cows in the summer FSITE O OLD INDIAN FORT. AT FORT LOT. hazes look almost like masses of wild flowers, their color is so soft and deli cate. Then come the steeper open fields gliding down to the main street, now hidden by the fine old trees. Here and there shows a bit of roof or old red barn, and charm of all, the most exqu1sitely proportioned church spire ever designed. Still further appear the delicious meadows, with the river and its offspring, the "Pequabue," winding about just as takes them, as though delaying as long as possible the moment when they are to be swal lowed up by the swallower of all rivers. (I remember quite well the shock pro duced by suddenly realizing that it was not the same water which ran through my favorite brook year after year, and taking what comfort I could from the constancy of the banks and rocks.) The meadows are frequently dotted with white, again pink or red at sunset. Then begins the western slope through a wood, more pastures, and finally the dark wooded hills touching tlje sky in a line as beautiful and ele gant as a perfect arm, wrist and hand, far pleasanter for every day comrade ship than bold, arrogant outlines. May our valley be always preserved from the landscape "gardener," an un accountable mania that so many of us have for making nature suggest furni ture. — Farmington Magazine, Oct. 19o1. "WESTWARD"— R ESIDENCE OF MICS. EDWARD A. SMITH. Charles F oster. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 7

©lil I ffluaea in iFarmtngtnn.

BY J ULIUS GAY.*

who h ad recently rid the colony of 6oo lagef o Tunxis Sepus, literally the vil or 7oo Pequots, and who brought the lage at the bend of the little river, be Court on the 15th of June following to came by legislative enactment the town order the Particular Court "to conclude of Farmington. the conditions for the planting of The s ettlers found the natural fea Tunxis." tures of the place much as we see them Five y ears thereafter, in 1645, the vil to-day. To the east of the main street

PEQUABUCK B RIDGE.

HEd N T winter of 1639, when it 9 the town of Hartford had been Bj |) founded three and one-half ^.rW years, and Windsor and Weth- ersfield about the same time, all three towns began to think their broad acres too limited, and applied to the General Court "for some enlarge ment of accommodation." A committee was appointed to view the valley of the Tunxis and report on the 2oth of Feb ruary, but Windsor was busy building a and a meeting bouse, and their neighbors of Wethersfield objected to the wintry weather; so the Court added to the committee Capt. John Mason, their l ots extended to the mountain, and on the west to the river, beyond which fertile meadows spread away to the western hills, und1sfigured for more than one hundred years by divisional fences, a broad panorama of waving grain and green corn f1elds. The l and was indeed owned in sev eralty, but annually the proprietors voted on what day in October they would use it for pasturage, and on what day in April ajjonust remove their flocks and herds. Access to this common held was through the North Meadow Gate just west of the Catholic church, or through the South Meadow Gate near the Pe- quabuc stone bridge. Along tln man) street houses began to rise, log huts at f1rst, each provided by law with a ladder reaching to the ridge to be examined every six months by the chim ney-viewers. In 171 1 the town granted fourscore acres of land to encourage the erection of a saw-mill, but long before

*Partf o an historieal address delivered at the annual meeting of the Village Library Company, May, 10(15. 8 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

which w as the approved style until the time of the Revolution, and which is even now being revived under the name of the Old Colonial style. The huge chimney was at length divided into two. and moved out of the way of the front door, which now, with its polished brass knocker, welcomed the approaching guest. An old house was seldom pulled down, but, moved to the rear, it made a kitchen for the newer structure, so that in time the house had as many styles of archi tecture and dates of erection as an Eng lish cathedral. Ase w f1rst come in sight of the vil lage, looking down upon it from the Hartford road, we see. on the left one of our oldest houses long owned by Seth North, and built by his father Timothy or his grandfather Thomas. Mr. North did not take kindly to Puri tan ways and never went to church, and )( i THE ELIJAH LEWIS PLACE -BUILT IN 1 T1ut RESIDENCE. OF CHARLES LEWIS. so was universally known as "Sinner

this t ime frame houses had been built, the sides covered with short clapboards sp!it from logs. The oldest horse of which we know the date of erection was built in t/OD by John Clark ( 1 ) and stood until 1&So on the east slde of High street, a little south of Mrs. Bar ney's. It had a leanto roof, the upper story much projecting, and ornamented with conspicuous pendants. Another, the last of this style, but with modern covering, still stands about seventy-five rods further south (2). Within, a huge chimney with its enormous fire-place and ovens, filled a large part of the lower story, barring all convenient ac cess to the interior of the house by the front door. But this sacred portal was seldom used except for weddings, fu nerals, and days of solemn thanksgiving. Later on appears the gambrel roof, 'LOOKING F ORWARD AND LOOKING BACKWARD"- MISS H I LDEOARDE BRANDEGEE AND E LIJAH LEWIS.

North."y B the children be was pleased to be addressed in the most deferential manner as "Mr. Sinner." A most ex cellent authority, writing me about the old-time character of the village, men tioned "its universally genteel ways, where everybody went to church ex cept Sinner North." He was other wise so much in accordance with modern ideas, that as he drew near his end, he ordered his body to be cremated, the place a lonely spot on the mountain be tween two rocks, and his friend. Adam Stewart, chief cremator, who was to inherit the house for his kindly services. I he civil authority, however, interposed and insisted on giving him what they deemed a Christian burial, but Adam Stewart got the house and it remained in the many years. Nearly op posite stood in Revolutionary days the H)HE T DANIEL CURTIS PLACE— BUILT IN 1752 -AFTERWARDS OLD TUNXIS LIBRARY tavern of Samuel North, Jr. He, too, —RESIDENCE OF FRED. P. SWANST0N.

\ I THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 9

found h is ways at variance with public opinion, bought, as he states it, his rum, sugar, tea, etc., in violation of the ex cise laws, in foreign parts, sold them for Continental money which proved worth less and then was arrested on complaint of Thomas Lewis and Deacon' Bull and fined £too, the General Court declining to interfere. A little east of Mr. North's tavern stood the home of the Bird family from whom the hill derived its name. They have all long ago taken their to other towns, but our oldest men can easily remember the old house and the tragic end of Noadiah Bird, one of the last of who dwelt there. He was killed by an escaped lunatic on the night of Sunday, May 15, 1825, and the attempt to capture the lunatic resulted in the death of still another citizen. De scending the hill toward the west, we fmd on the corner where the road, for (5) I NTERIOR OF OLD TUNXIS LIBRARY — (Photo hi/ D. .V. Barney). merly called the road to Simsbury, runs the l ine of the old road which once ran where the south gate of the premises of Mr. Barney stands, we come upon the house of Mr. Elijah L. Lewis (3) built for his grandfather Elijah in 179o, the family living while it was building in an old house just west. Going southerly about thirty rods, we fmd on the corner next south of the North schoolhouse an old gambrel-roofed building with the end towards the street, and, in some far-off time, painted red. In 1752 it was the property of Daniel Curtis (4) who, twenty years thereafter, sold it to his son Gabriel, who, after another twenty years, found it necessary to pay Capt. Judah Woodruff for new windows and for twenty days' labor in making the old structure inhabitable. Gabriel was a tanner and shoemaker, and in 1812 sold out to Frederick Andrus of the same trade, removing to Burlington, Ver ((>) F REDERICK ANDRUS PLACE -RESIDENCE OK EMMA J. ANIMU S. mont. The old house now became the

northward, a n old house once the home of Josiah North, and soon after his death in 1784, passing into the hands of Capt. Isaac Buck, wlto there lived and died at an advanced age. But we must not linger on the site of the numerous houses that once looked over the valley from this hill, only at the foot we must stay a moment, though the little red house of Gov. Treadwell, just north of Poke brook and west of the big rock can only be remembered by the oldest of our people. Dr. Porter and Professor Denison Olmsted have both written worthy memorials of this eminent pa triot, scholar, and Christian, but any exhaustive account of his public services must be a history of the common school S'stem of Connecticut, of the rise of foreign missions, and of much of the political history of The State in the days of the Revolution. .WM. D HURLBURT'S BLACKSMITH SHOP. Crossing t he brook and walking on I0 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

noisy a bode of journeymen shoemakers pounding leather under the direction of Mr. Andrus, thereafter known as Boss Andrus. He died in 1845, and the old house followed the usual dreary fortunes of a tenement house until, in 1882, we find it transformed by the subtle magic of a genial philanthropy, into the home of the Tunxis Library (5). Entertain ing books fill every nook and corner, and antique furniture ranged around the vast old-time f1replace welcome readers young and old to a free and healthful entertainment. The o ld house next west, in 1752 the residence of Daniel Curtis, became there after the home of his son Solomon until he died in the army in 1776. In 1822, his heirs sold it to Frederick Andrus (6). The brick blacksmith shop (7) and the white house (8) adjoining were built soon after 1823 by Charles Frost. (S) R ESIDENCE OE WM: D. HURLBURT. The land on which the house next west (9) stands was successively owned by the families of Norton, Rew. Judd, North, Smith, Whitmore, and DeWolf. I do not know who built the house. The Elm Tree Inn (10), where Phinehas Lewis once kept a famous travern in revolutionary days, was built at various times. Just a cross the line on what was once the garden of Col. Gay and of three generations of his descendants, stood the little red shop (11) now removed to the east side of the Waterville road just north of Poke brook. In 1795, Gabriel Curtis pays Capt. Judah Woodruff thirteen shillings for making for it a show window of thirty-two sashes (you can count them to-day if you like) for his son Lewis Curtis. Lewis advertises in the Connecticut C our ant under date of 1799, "that he still continues to carry on the clock-making business, such as chime clocks that play a number of RESIDENCE O F WILLIAM GALLAGHER. different tunes and clocks that exhibit the moon's age, etc., etc. A few steps down the hill westward bring us to the house built by Col. Fisher Gay (12) in 1766 and 1767, as appears by his ledger account with Capt. Woodruff. Col. Gay died early in the war, and some account of his public services can be found in H. P. Johnston's "Yale in the Revolu tion." Crossing t he Waterville road, we come to the house opposite the Catholic church, some parts of which are very old the upper story of the front, however, having been built by the late Capt. Pomeroy Strong (13) soon after he bought the place in 1802. There was, as early as 1645, one more house to the west, and then came the North Meadow gate. Returning n ow to the main street, the highway committee in 1785 sold to Dea HE(10) T ELM TREE INN- IN REVOLUTIONARY DAYS KEPT BY PHINEHAS LEWIS— con Samuel Richards a strip out of the AT PRESENT BY .1. R. RYAN. center of the highway, 26 feet wide, THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

n(11) I 1795— THE CLOCK SHOP OF LEWIS CURTIS. I2 F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT. where, i n the year following, he built the little shop (14) in which traffic has been carried on successively by himself, Horace and Timothy Cowles, James K. Camp, William Gay, and by his son, the present owner. Crossing the trol ley track, we come upon the lot on which Daniel Curtis and his youngest son. Eleazer, had in 1783, as the deed reads, "mutually agreed to build a new house, . ... a nd have large provision for the same" (15). As they held it until 1794, it is probable that the present edi f1ce was built by them. The next house south, where Mr. Almer Bidwell lived many years, was built by Deacon Samuel Richards in 1792 as he records in his dairy ( 16). I h ave spoken at some length in my last paper of this very worthy man and of his honorable service all through the revolutionary war. He was a Puri HE(12) T FISHER (JAY HOMESTEAD BUILT IN 17W1--LATER USED AS CLUB HOUSB tan of the Puritans, of the strictest in BY TH1: COUNTRY CLUB. AND DESTROYED BY FIRE. tegrity, kindly of heart, precise in man ner, and with a countenance grave, not to say solemn, as became a deacon of the olden time. It is related that a small boy once sent to his store, was so over powered by the gravity of his demeanor, that instead of asking for a pair of H and L binges, he demanded of the hor rif1ed deacon a pair of archangels. He wa- the f1rst postmaster of Farmington. On the 22d of July, 1790, he advertises in the Connecticut C (ntrant: "Information. A p ost-office is established at- Farmington for pub lic accommodation. Samuel Rich ards, D. P. Master." The p ost-office was in the front hall of his house, and the half dozen letters that sometimes accumulated were fas tened against the wall by tapes crossing each other in a diamond , five years later he records in his dairy, "Kept the post-office, the proceeds of which were forty dollars, the one-half of which I gave to Horace Cowles for assisting me." The year after he obtained this lucrative office, instead of recording as heretofore the "continuation of distress in my temporal concerns," he deplores "my unthankfulness to God for his great goodness to me. He is now try ing me by prosperity." Immediately t o the south stands a house (17 ) which, before it was modern ized by the late Mr. Leonard Winship, I remember as an old red. dilapidated structure, built by I know not whom. During the Revolution it was owned by Nehemiah Street, who, as I told you at the opening of this library, was fined along with many of the young people of the village, because, being assembled at his bouse, they refused to disperse until after nine o'clock at night. Mr. Street was frequently in similar trouble until disgusted with Puritan ways he converted his goods into money and (14} S TORE OV ERASTUS GAY— BUILT IN 1786. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I3

sought t he freedom of the far West. Poor Nehemiah ! He soon found some thing worse than New England justice. Having invested his money in a drove of cattle, he sold them at Niagara Falls for six hundred pounds and fell in with a certain James Gale of Goshen, N. Y.. who during the war commanded a plun dering party on Long Island. This treacherous companion followed him from Niagara, and watching his op portunity while Mr. Street was bending over a spring of water by the roadside, struck him from behind with a toma hawk, and all the troubles of Nehemiab were ended. The l and to the south once belonged to Rev. Samuel Hooker and remained in the family for four generations. Here stands the house ( 18) where Major I looker lived and died, and where, under a great elm tree in front, most genial HE(15) T THOMPSON PLACE.

DOORWAV A T THOMPSON PL U E.

(1(1) B UILT BY DEACON SAMUEL RICHARDS IN 1792— RESIDENCE OF FRANK H. SNEATH. of s tory-tellers, he was wont to sit of a summer evening and entertain his youthful friends. On this locality lived his father, Roger, and his grandfather, John. The latter was an assistant, a judge of the Superior Court and a man of note in the colony. Deacon Edward Hooker states that John Hooker and the Rev. Samuel Whitman were the only men in town that were saluted with the title of Mr. Others were known as Goodman or Gaffer. Mr. Whitman, the minister, he says, would always wait on the meeting-house steps for Mr. Hooker to come up and enter the house with him on Sabbath morning and share with him the respectful salutation of the people. Passing o ver the site where once stood the store of Samuel Smith, we come to the brick building (19) erected in 1791 by Reuben S. Norton for a store, and HE(17) T LEONARD WINSMIP PLACE— RESIDENCE OF DR. J. B. NEWTON. which has since been used for divers I4 F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT.

parsonage, w hich was the home of Rev. Timothy Pitkin during his sixty years' residence in our village. In my last paper I spoke of him as a patriot in the War of Independence. Of his high char acter and fervid eloquence as pastor and preacher, we have the testimony of Dr. Porter in his "Half-Century Discourse." Professor Olmsted says of him: "Do you not see him coming in at yonder door, habited in his flowing blue cloak, with his snow-white wig and tri-cor- nered hat of the olden time? Do you not see him wending his way through the aisle to the pulpit, bowing on either side with the dignity and grace of the old nobility of Connecticut?" Immedi ately south of the road to the new ceme tery stands the brick house (25) built by Dr. Porter in 1808, the year of his marriage. We need not linger in our (18) T HH MAJOR HOOKER PLACE— RESIDENCE OF WM. A. KIMBALL. hasty progress to speak of the manifold virtues of one too well known to us all, purposes — s tore, tailor's shop, tenement cursef o society, a lax administration of and personally to many of us to need house, post-office, church, groggery, and justice. The house next north (24) of any eulogies here. The next house (26), now, much enlarged, for a savings hank. the post-office, now owned by Mr. now the residence of Mr. Rowe, was Where my house ( 20 ( stands, there Chauncey Deming, is said by the his built by the Rev. Joseph Washburn on a stood, until I removed it in 1872, the torian of the -Hart Family" to have be lot purchased by him for that purpose very old house of Solomon Whitman. longed to Deacon John Hart, son of in I79('. I bis healer of dissensions and At the northeast corner was a 'square Capt. John, and if so, must be about 150 much-loved pastor, after a settlement of addition in which Miss Nancy Whitman years old. The land was in the Hart eleven years, while seeking a mild south presided over the post-office. I remem family for live generations. Near the ern climate in his failing health, died ber calling on the way from school and site of the post-office stood the house on the voyage on Christmas day, 1805, seeing through the small delivery win of Sergeant John Hart, son of Deacon and was buried at sea. A few years dow a huge dining-table covered with Stephen, the immigrant, in which he later his house became the home of this methodically-arranged letters and pa with his family were burned on the night library under the care of Deacon Elijah pers, and Miss Nancy, with gold-rimmed of Saturday, December 15, 1666, eight Porter. The large brick house (27) on spectacles, bending over them. By this persons in all, only one son, afterward the top of the hill, with its imposing little window, on a high shelf, to be out known as Capt. John, escaped, he being Roman facade looking southward, was of reach of mischievous boys, stood a absent at their farm in Nod, now Avon. built by Gen. George Cowles. The house big dinner bell to call the post mistress, From this point southward to the road on the corner (28). long the residence when necessary, from regions remote. down to the new cemetery, all the houses of Zenas Cowles, and now owned by Sometimes an adventurous youth, by were destroyed by the great fire of Lieut. -Commander Cowles of the U. S. climbing on the back of a comrade, suc July 21, 1864, including the long yel Navy, of a style of architecture much ceeded in getting hold of the bell, but low house, iust north of the present superior to all houses of the village of I never knew the same boy to repeat the offense. The next buildings are modern, so let us hurry on past the drug store (21) built somewhere between 1813 and 1818 by Elijah and Gad Cowles. and past the brick schoolhouse (22) of Miss Porter, built by Major Cowles as a hotel to accommodate the vast con course of travelers about to come to the village by the Farmington canal. Next comes a house (23) built by Capt. Judah Woodruff for Thomas I I art Hooker in 1768, and very soon passing with the mill property into the posses sion of the Dcmings. It was said dur ing the days of fugitive slave laws to have been an important station on the underground railroad. It is best known to most of us as the residence of the late Samuel Deming, Esq., for many years a trial justice of the town, who fearlessly executed the law, whether his barns were burned, or whatever hap pened. We did not suffer from that HE(ID) T FARMINGTON SAVINGS BANK. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. l5

church, c onsociation, bishop, priest, or earthly hierarch, but deriving their powers from the Word of God alone, as they understood it. declared them selves to he the First Church of Christ in Farmington. Probably during the pastorate of Mr. .Newton there was no meeting-house. The Fast Day service of December. 1 666, we know was held at the house of Sergeant John Hart, two days before the fire, and there is a care fully transmitted tradition that the serv ices of the Sabbath were held on the west side of the main street a little south of the Meadow Lane, and, there fore, probably at the house owned by Mrs. Sarah Wilson, sister of Rev. Sam uel Hooker, where now stands the house of T. H. and L. C. Root (3o). We hear of no meeting-house until 1672, when the record called the New Book begins, the "ould book" having been worn out and (20) R ESIDENCE OF JULIUS OAY.

that t ime and perhaps of any time, is said to have been designed by an officer of Burgoyne's army sent here as a pris oner of war. The house next north of it (29) was bought by the late Richard Cowles in 181o. and must have been built by its former owner and occupant. Coral Case, or by his father, John Case. Butt i is high time that we crossed the street and commenced our return. Near ly opposite the last-mentioned house stood the dwelling of the Rev. Samuel Hooker, second minister of Farmington, of whom I have formerly spoken. On this site, and probably in the same house, lived Roger Newton, his brother-in-law and the first pastor of this church. On the 13th of October, 1652, he stood up with six other Christian men, and they known in New England phraseology as the "Seven Pillars of the Church," seek ing no authority from any intermediary (21) M ISS S. J. AIM!ATE'S STORE.

(22) B UH.T BY MAJOR COWLES FORMERLY U NION HOTEL NOW MISS PORTER'S SCHOOL.

(23) T HE SAMUEL DEMING PLACE —BUILT IN 1768— RESIDENCE OF MISS CATHERINE L. DEMING.

(26) B UILT IN 1790 BY REV. JOSEPH WASHBURN- -RESIDENCE OF HENRY II. MASON THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I7

lost, a nd with it all account of the erec tion of the first house. In September, 1675, Mr. Newton was dismissed from this church and went to Boston to take ship for England. What befel him by the way is narrated by John Hull, mint- master of Boston, he who coined the famous pine-tree shillings. After wait ing on shipboard at Nantasket Roads six or eight days for a favorable wind the commissioners of the colonies and the Rev. John Norton sent for him, de siring a conference before his departure. The captain of the vessel and his associ ates, of a race always superstitious, thinking this divine another Jonah and the cause of their detention, hurried him on shore, and. the wind immediately turning fair, sailed on their way without him. He remained in Boston several weeks, preaching for Rev. John Norton on the 17th of October. After this date, (27) T Ht: JAMES LEWIS C0WLES PLACE.

shut h im out from the busy world, when the political party of his active days had passed away, and new men who hated the names of Washington and Hamilton Idled all the old familiar places in the town, the State, and the nation, he is said to have sometimes longed for a judicious use of the thunderbolts of the Almighty. Here, too. for much of his !ife lived his son F'benezer Mix, univer sally known as Captain Eb., who made voyages to China and brought back to the merchant princes of the town, tea, spices, silks, china tea-sets, marked with thc names of wealthy purchasers, and all the luxuries of the Orient. Passing t he house (32) adjoining the burying-ground on the north, the home of this library and of Deacon Elijah Porter until his marriage in 1812, we come to the house (33) built by Mr. TINTERIOR A JAMES LEWIS COWLES PLACE— SHOWING LOWER SECTION OF A MOST Asahel Wadsworth, and which was re- BEAUTIFUL S TAIRWAY.

wc l ose sight of him until his settlement in Mil ford on the 22t\ of August, 1660. Crossing t he road formerly known as "the highway leading to the old mill place," and a century later as "Hatter's Lane," we come to the house next south of the old cemetery (31 I. owned and probably built by John Mix. Ik- was commonly known as Squire Mix. a graduate of Yale, an officer of the Rev olution, ten years Judge of Probate, thirty-two years town clerk, and twenty- six years a representative to tln- Gen- eral Assembly. He was, as I am told by those who knew him well, tall in stature, dressed as a gentleman of the time, with knee-buckles, formal in manner, of quick temper, punctilious, very hospitable, a good neighbor, a mem ber of no church, and bound by no creed, and in polities a federalist. In his later days, when odd age and total blindness INTERIOR A T JAMES LEWIS COWLES PLACE -SHOWING UPPER SECTION OF STAIRCASE. l8 FI A R M N f no N . CON N F.CT I CUT.

GATET A "OLD GATE. THE V ILLAGE OE BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I9

ported u nfinished in 1781 when the Gen eral Assembly, dissatisfied with its treatment by the inn-keepers of Hart ford, proposed to finish their winter ses sion elsewhere, and requested the select men of Farmington to report what ac commodation could be obtained here. The next house (34). from which the stage coach goes its daily rounds, was once the residence of Mr. Asa Andrews, and after 1826, of his son-in-law, the late Deacon Simeon Hart. In the brick shop (35) next north, Mr. Andrews made japanned tin-ware. He was the maker of those chandeliers, compounds of wood and tin, that long hung from the meeting-house ceiling. Crossing the street formerly known as the Little liack Lane, we come to the house (36) built by Asa Andrews on land bought in 1804, and where Deacon Simeon Hart for many years kept his well-known school. About twenty rods south, on the east side of that street, we come to the gambrel-roofed house (37) built by Hon_ Timothy Pitkin, LL.D., on a lot bought by him in 1788. He was a son of the Rev. Timothy Pitkin, a graduate of Yale, a lawyer by profession, five times speak er of the Legislature, a member of Con gress from 1806 to 1820, and the author of a "Political and Civil History of the ," of great value as a book of reference. Next south is the gam brel-roofed house (37a) formerly the home of Capt. Selah Porter, and im mediately beyond this once stood the bouse of Deacon Martin Bull and of his father before him. Returning t o the late residence of Deacon Simeon Hart, and crossing the now vacant lot where once flourished the famous inn of Amos Cowles, we reach the house (38) with Ionic columns built by the late Major Timothy Cowles. Channel , Jerome, in his "History of (30) R ESIDENCE OF T. H. AM) L. 0, ROOT. the American Clock Business," says un der date of 1815: "I m oved to the town of Earming- ton a nd went to work for C apt. Selah Porter for twenty dollars per mouth. We built a house for Major Timothy Cowles. which was then the best one in Farming- ton." The m eeting-house (39) next on our 1 way need not detain us. He who would attempt to add to the graphic and ex haustive history of President Porter i would be presumptuous indeed. The — i next house (40} of brick was built by ^^^^^ Gad Cowles within the century, and the three-story house of Dr. Wheeler (41 ) on the corner, by Jonathan Cowles in 1799. Crossing t he road up the mountain, we find on the corner the sc[uare house (4J) with the pyramidal roof and the chimney in the center owned and oc CHINA B ROUGHT FROM CHINA BY "( AIT EH." MIX-OWNED BY MISS CATHERINE DEMING. cupied by the Rev. Samuel Whitman 20 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

during h is ministry. Parts, if not the whole, of the building are much older than its well-preserved walls would in dicate. Tradition says the kitchen was built out of the remains of the old meeting-house, and the Rev. William S. Porter, who knew more about the history of the town than any man who has ever lived or is likely to live, says that the house, probably the front, was built by Cluff Freeman, a colored ma11 of considerable wealth, of course after the death of Mr. Whitman. Leaving t he main street and ascending the hill to the east, we come at the di viding line between the grounds about Miss Porter,s schoolhouse and the late residence of Rev. T. K. Fessenden (43) to the site of the house of Col. Xoadiab Hooker, known as the "Old Red Col lege" during the days when his son. Deacon Edward, there fitted Southern young men for college. Commander Ed ward Hooker of the United States Navy sends me a plan of the old house, which he of course well remembers. He says, "the part marked kitchen was floored with smooth, flat mountain stones, and had a big door at the eastern end, and originally at each end, and my father used to say that when his father was a (31)HE T SQUIRE MIX PL.U'E P1IOI FE1n'v O MRS. A. D. vORC'B, boy, they used to drive a yoke of oxen eBut w must hurry back to the main Smith, b rother of the Deacon, i11 1~69. with a sled load of wood into one door street, lest with the rich materials at and is a good specimen of the style of and up to the big fireplace, then unload hand for an account of this most inter houses erected by Capt. Judah Woodruff. the wood upon the fire and drive the esting man. we detain you beyond all The next old house (47), with the high team out of the other door." Of the proper bounds. The next old house to brick basement, was built about 1797 building of the house on the corner (44) the north (45), the home of Col. Mar by Capt. Luther Seymour, cabinet-maker eastward, we have the most minute ac tin Cowles, was built and occupied by and house-builder. Many choice pieces count from the time when in January, John Porter in 1784. Opposite the Sav of old furniture in town, much prized 181 1, Capt. Luther Seymour drew the ings Bank, the south part of the long by relic-hunters, were the work of his plan to the 25th of May, 1812, when house once the residence of Reuben S. band, but a large part of his work, Deacon Hooker took possession with Norton. merchant, was built by his thickly studded with brass nail heads, his youthful bride. We even know the grandfather, Thomas Smith, Sen., and as was the fashion of the time, has long list of those who helped raise the the north third, by Dencon Thomas been forever hidden from sight under frame and of those who came too late Smith, son of the latter. The next the sods of the old burying-ground. for the raising but in time for the re house (46), long the residence of Hor Capt. Seymour was also librarian of one freshments. ace Cowles, Esq., was built by Samuel of the several libraries which divided

(32)HE T DEACON ELIJAH PORTER PLACE RESIDENCE OF AMI S. JAMES THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 2I

22 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

the l iterary patronage of the village. The next house (48) on a slight eleva tion stands on a lot bought in 17(19 by John Thomson, third in descent of that name, conspicuous 'about town with his leathern jacket ;(nd his pronounced opinion on Continental paper money. Here lived three generations of his descendants. ' Passing the house (40,) owned by Dr. Thomson, and before him by Mr. James K. Camp, and two other buildings. we come to a house built or largely renewed in 1808 by Nathaniel Olm sted, goldsmith and clockmaker. Here for twenty years were made the tall clocks bearing his name, which still correctly measure time with their solemn beat. He removed to New Haven to be near his brother, Professor Denison Olmsted, and there died in 1860, most genial and loveable of men. His fu (35)HE T OLD ANDREWS TIN SHOP— RESIDENCE OF SAMUEL SCOTT. neral discourse was from the words.

(36) F ORMERLY THE NOTED SCHOOL OF DEACON SIMEON HART— NOW THE RESIDENCE OF. W BRADFORD ALLEN.

"Behold a n Israelite indeed in whom is no guile." We will halt under the big elm tree, which overhangs the little house where Manin Curtis spent his life, long enough to say that his father, Syl- vanus Curtis, in company with Phinehas Lewis in 176-,, the year when Sylvanus was married, brought home from a swamp three elm trees. One was planted back of the Elm Tree Inn, one in front of the bouse of Mr. Curtis, and the third failed to live. The big elm tree is. therefore, 133 years old. On the corner eastward stands the house (50), much improved of late, built in 1786 and 1787

(37) B IMLT BY THE HON. TIMOTHY PITKIN, LL.D. IN 1788- RESIDENCE OF CHARLES CARRINGTON, M.D. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 23

(38) " BYDE-A -WHYLE"— BUILT BY MAJOR TIMOTHY COWLES- -RESIDENCE OF WALDO K. CHASE.

AN l nTEIUOR IN "BYDE-A-WHYLE. FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT.

FORMERLY R ESIDENCE OF RUBES S. NORTON (Since torn down).

HE(41) T JONATHAN C'OWLES PLACE -BCILT IN 1790— RESIDENCE OF FRANKLIN WHEELER, A.M., M.D. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

by C aptain Judah Woodruff for Major Peter Curtiss, an officer in the Revolu tionary War, who removed to Granby in 179o, and was the f1rst keeper of the reconstructed Newgate prison, leaving it in 1796 in declining health and dying in 1797. Omitting the other houses on the west side of High street, for want of time and information, we come to the house lately owned by Selah West- cott (51), built by Major Samuel Dick inson on a lot bought by him in 1813. Major Dickinson was a house-builder, and when the Farmington canal was

HE(42) T REV. SAMUEL WHITMAN PLACE— PROPERTY OF MRS. ROBERT P. KEEP- RAZED JULY. 1900.

(43)HE T REV. T. K. FESSENDEN PLACE— RESIDENCE OF MRS. M. O. HEY DOCK.

opened,e h commanded the first packet boat which sailed southward from our wharves on the 1oth of November, 1828, on which a six-year-old boy, afterward a gallant U. S. naval officer in the late war, made his first voyage, sailing as far south as the old South Basin. He writes me: "Long live the memory of the old 'James Hillhouse', and her jolly Captain Dickinson, who was not only a royal canal boat captain, but a famous builder, whose work still stands before you in the 'Old Red Bridge.' one of the best and most sub-

HE(44) T DEACON HOOKER PLACE— RESIDENCE OF ARTHUR D. TROTTER. 26 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

stantially b uilt bridges of Connecticut." On the northeast corner of the inter section of High street with the road to New Britain, long stood the house of Capt. Joseph Porter, one of the three houses on the east side of High street, with much projecting upper stories and conspicuous pendants, built about 1700, This was moved some rods up the hill when Mr. Franklin Woodford built bis new bouse, and was burned on the evening of January 15, 1886. So there remains but one of the three houses, the one bought by Rev. Samuel

(45)HE T COL. MARTIN COWLES PLVCE— RESIDENCE OF H. TROWBRIDGE ALLEN

RESIDENCE O F MRS. CHARLES N. LEE. MOVED TO THE REAR IN 1906 AND TO HE MICH ENLARGED AND BEAUTIFIED.

W h itman for his son, Elnathan, in 1735, and is the same house sold by John Stanley, Sen., to Capt Ebcnezer Steel in 1720. Descending to the low ground on the north and rising again, we come to the gimbrel-roofed house where lived Dr. Eli Todd from 1798 until his removal to Hartford in 1819. Of this eminent man you will find appreciative notices in the two addresses of Presi dent Porter and in the article on the Connecticut Retreat for the Insane by Dr. Stearns in the Memorial His tory of Hartford County. He will

HE(46) T HORACE COWLES PLACE— RESIDENCE OF MRS. CATHERINE W. GRISWOLD, THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

(48)HE T JOHN THOMPSON PLACE- RESIDENCE OF MARTIN SOLOMONSON AND MISS MATTIE J . RAIH,LIFF.

HE(49) T DR. THOMPSON PLACE— RESIDENCE OF HENRY A. BISHOP AND ELWIN P. M ERRIMAN. 28 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

probably b e longest remembered as the first superintendent of the Connecticut Retreat for the Insane in Hartford, where his system of minimum restraint and kind treatment opened a new era for suffering humanity. At the north ern end of High street, facing the road to the river, we make our last stop at the house of Mrs. Barney (53), built by Captain Judah Woodruff about 18o5 for Phinehas Lewis. Between this house and the place from which we set out, there stands no house, old or new.

(50)HE T PETER CURTISS PLACE— BUILT 1786— RESIDENCE OF MRS. C. E. WHITMAN.

(51)HE T SELAH WESCOTT PLACE— Bl'ILT 1813— PROPERTY OF EDWARD PORRITT, AND OCCUPIED AS HOME FOR BLIND CHILDREN.

to d etain us longer. Thanking you for the patience with which you have en dured our long walk through the village streets, I am reminded that it is time we parted company with the old worth ies whom we have called up before us for the entertainment of an idle hour, remembering that in times gone by they were wont to hale before his Excellency the Governor such as having assembled themselves together, refused to dis perse until after nine of the clock.

(52) D R. ELI TODD PLACE, REMODELED AND MOVED- AT P RESENT THE RESIDENCE OF F REDERICK MILES. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 29

30 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

4MTHK0UGH t he courtesy of Mrs. 4/ - Louis A. Tourtellot of Utica, III N. Y., we are enabled to pub- ^^g^ l1^l) ;( fac-simile cop\ of a let ter written Dec. 28, 1668. by President Porter of Yale, to her mother, ^lULu , UWCUfc. UCJ^f £K Mrs. Hiram Denio. formerly Miss Ann H. Pitkin, second daughter of the Hon orable Timothy Pitkin. President Por ter,s description of some of the import i;u^c, r zc ,wi, *yt. L£c^ f /;"''. ^-ITZ' ^^-x ant citizens of Farmington of half a century or more ago, is written in a very happy manner, and we arc glad to be allowed to use it here. Farmington, D ec. 28, 1868. My dear Mrs. Denio. — The e nclosed I send by mail at the re quest of Miss Mary Hillhouse, after hav IJ - *»u ri*^- uUA 4-'*A*t A*fca-#*« vK++. ing brought it to Farmington at her re quest to show to mother and the Nor- tons. cltn P ntZ. i*, Z5Z» j,/>n ^OttlU. Kua, T t ake this opportunity to thank you for all your kindness to the horde of wh-w a ^j A-#-^y %^%y Cm^AA^ boys that used to be allowed such free -Bos a quarters in your mother's kitchen aml sometimes in the sunny parlor, in which stood your piano. I remember particularly that you played for me on one occasion among other wonder ful things "the battle of Prague" My recollections of your family are as j f u

Farmington e ven although death and fectly a w orld of its own, with honor ...1d h eavy silver plate. Farmington decay has wasted much of its anc'ent able T. Pitkin just returned from then had one mail a week and Deacon glory. congress with tassels on his boot tops, Richards was F. M. !! Do y ou think it possible that lift and Edward Hooker with his Southern eExcuse m for running on at this and the scenes of childhood and youth students, and Gov. Treadwell with his rate. Surely I too must be getting old. are as bright and beautiful to the gold headed cane, and Esq. Mix town I hope Mrs. Porter has told you about new generation, as they were in t''e clerk, and Gen. Solomon Cowles, the Miss Mary. I see her every few days, simple times and the cheerful day-, of pompous gentleman who like ! to make and she is as young as ever though she our childhood and youth ? speeches to the noisy boys, and Gen. has sat at Gen. Washington's feet. Her I h ope so for the sake of the genera George Cowles with his white norse heart is as warm and fervent and her tion itself, but the whole structure of for regimental musters, and Mr. Hart, piety as humble as that of a child. familv and social life seems greatly al teacher of the academy and all the Please excuse all this and believe me tered since the days when Farmington Cowles with their saddle horses, bank most truly vours. was a self contained community, per stock and great suppers, fine dinners N. P orter.

yUx 9 6 ~f#~?■'**y **■** t^f^* 7^■yy

.^o0^ « * teS?g ^ perfectly capable of taking a document w ritten by Noah Webs"? "I around the world by herself. Not whtch , s reproduced here in (aZinHe | '!f W""M bP to so short a It s peaks for itself. To-day the aver- e from Amherst to New Ha- age Connecticut Girl" would consider

FARMINGTON F IFTY YEARS AGO. Fromn a old print. 32 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

iFarmttujtnn ^ r^nols.

Bv. E N. S *

fathers, i n church and commonwealth the p arent or masters of such children, the Lord assisting our indeavors." or by the inhabitants in generall, by way s"It i therefore ordered by this courte of supplye, as the major parte, of those and authority thereof, That every who order the prudentialls of the towne, towenshipp within this jurissdiction, af shall appointe; provided, that those who ter the Lord hath increased them to the send theire children, bee not oppressed number of f1fty howsholdcrs. shall then by paying much more than they can forthwith appointe one within theire have them taught for in other townes. towne, to teach all such children, as "And i t is further ordered. That shall resorte to him, to read and write, where any towne shall increase to the whose wages shall bee paid, either by number of one hundred families or THELD O CENTER SCHOOL— PHOTO BY MISS CLARA L. HURLBURT.

dLD — O Ncw England towns, I schools and churches were es- ' |j tablished at about the same time, and Farmington was no exception to that general rule. The following, concerning "Schooles" from the oft quoted "Code of 1650," shows very plainly the importance that was attached to the necessity of a little "larning" in those early days. "It b eing one cheife project of that old deluder, Sathan, to keepc men from the knowledge of the scriptures, as in former times, keeping them in an un- knowne tongue, so in these latter times, perswading them from the use of tongues, so that at least, the true sence and meaning of the originall might bee clouded with false glosses of saint seem ing deceivers; and that learning may not bee buried in the grave of our fore LDTHE O SCHOOL MULDING IN "WATERVILLE DISTRICT.- howsholdcrs, t hey shall sett up a gram mar schoole, the masters thereof, being able to instruct youths, so farr as they may bee f1tted for the university, and if any towne neglect the performance hereof, above one yeare, then every such town shall pay f1ve pounds per annum to the next such schoole till they per- forme such order. "The p ropositions concerning the meintenance of the schollars at Cam bridge, made by the commissioners is confirmed. "And i 1 is ordered. That two men shall bee appointed in every towne with in this jurissdiction, whoe shall demand what every familye will give, and the same to bee gathered and brought into some roome in March ; and this to con tinue ycarely, as it shall bee considered by the commissioners.', In t he records in the town clerk's A L OS'O TIME AGO," AT "WATERVILLE DISTRJOT." office are many interesting notes con THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. cerning t he early schools of the village. The accompanying, given with the quaint orthography of the original, are interesting : "December 2 6, 1683. Voated yt ye town would have a school & also yt ye town shall give tenn pounds for ye in- corredgement of ye same & also yt each man shall pay fouer shillings a child ye quartter yt it shall be sent." "December 2 8, 1685, The toune votes and agrees to give thirty pounds for a man to teach schoole for one year pro vided they can have a man so accom plished as to teach children to read and wright and teach the grammer and also to step into the pulpet to be helpfull in time of exegenti, and this schoole to be a free schoole for this town." In 1 655, Thomas Thompson of Farm- ington, dying left a will directing the education of his children. The Court in Hartford "finding many terms or ANLD O INTERIOR AT "WATERVILLE.

SCHOOL B UILDING IN "NORTH DISTRICT.'

expressions t herein dark and intricate," decided that the proper education for the sons, was to so instruct them that they "shall have learning to write plain ly and read distinctly in the Bible, and the daughters to read and sew sufficient ly for the making of their ordinary lin en." It was customary to employ a fe male teacher for the small children and girls during the summer months. In the winter, when the older boys at tended, a "man teacher" was secured. Not only was an able teacher required, but an athletic one as well, for in those times they were firm believers that to "spare the rod" was "to spoil the child," and for many years the brute strength of the "master" accomplished fully as much as his ability as an instructor. It is said that Dr. Johnson remarked on one occasion "my master whipt me very well. Without that I should have done "RING A ROUND A ROSEY." IN THE "NORTH DISTRICT." 24 F ARM I NGTO.M. CON NECTICUT,

bell j ingled the next morning, every boy was in his place, and everything went on in perfect order. An unusual stillness prevaded the room, but it was a deathlike stillness that boded no good to the master. A fire of oak logs was blazing in the fireplace, and the master now and then, stirred it up with the big iron shovel, which somehow be neg lected to remove from the logs, and left it there with its long handle sticking out within easy reach of his desk. It was none too soon, for in a few minutes half a dozen burly men tramped into the room without any useless ceremony of knocking, and having briefly stated their business, made a rush for the school master. Drawing the huge iron shovel blazing hot from the fire, he brought it down upon their luckless pates with all the power of his strong arm| The ac SCHOOL B UILDING USED BY MR. EDWARD L. HART AS A HOYS' SCHOOL, AFTERWARDS tion was short and dec1sive. In a few CONVERTED INTO A STUDIO ANH NOW A PART OF THE RESIDENCE OF MR. ROBERT B. BRANDECEE. nothing." M r. Gay says, "Many years ago a gentleman, then prominent in the public affairs of the town, told me the custom in the district school of his boy hood. Winter after winter the boys had turned the master out of doors un til the school had become a total failure. The committee were at their wits end. Finally they heard of a young man in a distant town who thought that he could teach the school. The committee thought otherwise, but, as no one else would undertake it, they engaged him. The very first day showed the boys that a new manner of man had come among them, and they went home, battered and bruised, and howling to their parents for vengeance. Their fathers were ter ribly enraged, and vowed that the very next morning they would show that master that he could not treat their boys in that sort of way. When the school SCHOOL B UILDING AT "EAST FARMS., moments a ll that remained of the in truders, was a very bad smell of burnt woolen and singed hair. The school that winter was a great success. Never had the boys made such progress in the 'three R.'s," hut when the committee endeavored to secure the master,s ser vices for the next winter, he declined. He had proved his ability to teach school, and wandered away to fresh fields of usefulness." In 1 688 it was voted "that they would have a town house to keep school in, built this year, of eighteen foot square, besides the chimney space, with a suit able height for that service, which house is to be built by the town's charge." It is not definitely known where this school was situated, but was probably near the church on land set apart for that pur pose. This building was in use twenty- five years, and in 17 17, the Ecclesiasti "EAST F ARMS SCHOLARS— MISS MARY E. McKINNEY TEACHER. cal Society took the tn,att,e.r in hand and THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 35 votedo t "erect a new schoolhouse with al! convenient speed," "on ye meeting house green near where the old chest nut tree stood." In 1747 records show that there was a school in the Cider Brook district for it was "granted to ye school dame yt kept school of the In habitants att Sider Brook, ye same Sal- lery pr. week as they gave ye dames in the Town plat." In May, 1756, the so ciety voted to sell "the school house in the church yard to the highest bidder," they having previously voted to erect two schools, one at the north end of the town, and one at the south end. During 1773 the town was divided into twelve school districts, and the inhabi tants were empowered "to erect school houses in their respective districts, where and when they please." Since that time the schools have changed to meet the requirements of the town, until to day the "New Center School," an ideal OLD S TONE S('HOOL BCILDING IN WEST DISTRKT NOW K NOWN AS ST. SIMON'S CHAPEL.

sing i still used with Miss Helen C. Bates instructing. The o ld "Waterville" school house is no longer occupied, and is falling rapidly into decay. All is quiet about the place, save for an occasional bird note, and the murmuring of the brook at the foot of the hill. We are able to show two interesting pictures made here years ago, when the neighboring woods rang with the voices of happy children at their play. The o ld brick "South School," though still full of happy children, is no long er used for the purpose for which it was built, but is now the home of Reu ben Lewis. Through t he courtesy of Miss Clara L. llurlburt, we are able to present a picture of the old Center School. The s chool building in the north dis TSCHOOL A WEST DISTRICT. trict still remains intact, and in good fmodel o the 20th century school build ing, accommodates all of the children of the borough up to the High School grade. The scholars above the grammar grade, attend the High School in Union- ville. their transportation expenses be ing defrayed by the town, it being con sidered a more desirable plan than main taining a high school in Farmington The present schools are all prosperous and efficient. The " East Farms" district maintains its own school with Miss Mary E. Mc- Kinney as teacher. A m odern building in the "West Dis trict" has taken place of the picturesque old stone building so long in use. but now known as St. Simon's Chapel (where religious services are held on the Sabbath). Miss E. H. Watson is in charge. At " Scott,s Swamp," the old red build- CHILDRKN A T WEST DISTRICT— MISS E WATS3N. T EACHER. 36 FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT

repair, b ut quiet reigns supreme, where once childish voices had full sway. An old-time photograph, showing the chil dren playing "ring around a roscy," in that school yard, will doubtless recall happy childhood days to many. The o ld school building where Mr Edward L. Hart, once had a very popu lar school for boys, was afterwards con verted into a studio, and later moved to High street, where in combination with another building forms the residence of Mr. Robert B. Brandegee, the artist. As a r esult of a vote of the General Assembly of 1717, a school for the in-

L mam

SCHOOL B UILDING, SOUTH DISTRICT— NOW RESIDENCE OF REUBEN LEWIS.

struction o f Indian children was estab lished in Farmington, and under the date of May 27, 1734, the Rev. Samuel Whitman wrote to Gov. Talcott concern ing that school as follows : "May i t please your Honour. I un derstand that ye Act of Assembly re lating to ye boarding out of Indian chil dren in order to their being schooled is expired, and having a few moments to turn my thoughts on that affair, hope that ye defects in what is here brokenly offered will be overlooked. I have lei sure only to inform your Honour that of the nine Indian lads that were kept at school last winter, 3 can read well in a testament, 3 currently in a psalter and 3 are in their primers. Testaments SCHOLARS A T SCOTT SWAMP MISS HELEN C. BATES, TEACHER. and psalters have been provided for those that read in them, 3 of ye In dian lads are entered in writing and one begins to write a legible hand. I thank the Assembly on their behalf for their care of ym & past bounty to them and pray that that Act of Assembly be re vived and continued, not at all doubt ing but ye pious care of ye government for ye education of ye Indians is pleas ing to heaven, and may be of advantage to some of them so yt they may be saved by coming to the knowledge of the truth. I haint time to enlarge but remain your Honour's humble and Obedient Servant. .. " Sam Wh1tman." The school for boys, of Dea. Simeon Hart, was kept in the building that is at present the residence of J. Bradford Allen. It was a noted institution in its day, and in the new cemetery is a monu ment erected in memory of Dea. Hart, by over 1,000 of his former pupils. NEW C ENTKU SCHOOL BUILDING. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

A s chool was kept by Deacon Edward Hooker, son of Noadiah Hooker, in a building near the present residence of Mrs. M. O. Heydock, where Southern students were given a preparatory edu cation, f1tting them for college. It was known as the "Old Red College." When t he Mendi Negroes were in Farmington they attended a school in an upper room of the building that is now the post office. In s peaking of the schools of our vil lage, it would seem but proper to men tion some of the text books in use in

GRADES E IGHT AND NINE— J. CLEMENT BUSHNELL, PRINCIPAL,

GRADESIX S AND SEVEN MISS ELECTA LAWRENCE, TEACHER. days g one by. One of the very earliest of school books (if book it may be called) was the "Horn Book," a repro duction of which is shown here. It was merely a leaf torn from some book, (usually from the Bible), and pasted upon a piece of board cut to a conveni ent size, and protected by a thin trans parent covering, some times of mica but generally of horn (hence its name, "horn book"). Perhaps Cowper's de scrlption of a horn book would not be amiss. "Neatly s ecured from being soiled or torn Beneath a p ane of their translucent horn, A b ook (to please us at a tender age — ,Tis called a book though but a single page,) Presents t he prayer the Savior deigned to teach, Which c hildren use and parsons, when they preach." GRADES E OUR AND FIVE MISS MARGARET RURWELL, TEACHER. 38 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

lengthf o words, and stubborn morality, in pursuit of "The w ick-ed flee," and ending the spelling with Om-pom-pa-noo-suc Mish-ie-li-mack-a-nack, o r the practical definitions "Ale,o t be troubled." "Ale, a m alt liquor." Did s pace permit, it would afford gen uine pleasure to give reproductions of all the illustrations and quaint fables so vivid to all of those who ever used the book, hut we must be content to offer one, which is perhaps the most famous of them all. "Of the Boy Who Stole the Apples." To-day e verything isUifferent, modern methods of teaching, attractive and in teresting text books in every study, comfortable, sanitary buildings, have completely changed the school of "ye olden time," until scarcely a vestiage remains. Probably t he most noted of all the and e arnest, and as has been so aptly The c hild of the humblest citizen of early books used in the schools of Farm- said, "the whole belongs to that de Farmington to-day, has an opportunity ington, was the old "New England partment of literature 'which he who for obtaining a better education, than it Primer." The accompanying fac- similes runs may read.' " was possible for the child of a king to of some of the pages of the edition of Few b ooks have done more to give have received when the first school was 1777, will doubtless be of interest. uniformity to the ortohography of the lan established in the village. Miss Porter's The p ainfully interesting group, show guage, or to fill the memory of succes school of world wide fame, is the sub ing John Rogers among the burning sive generations, with wholesome truths, jeet of a separate article. In a work faggots, with his wife and nine or ten than Webster's Spelling Book. No one like this, any subject must be at best, small children, including the one at the can forget the first introduction to the but briefly treated (Mr. Gay's paper on breast, is a problem which has puzzled characters commencing with little a and "Schools and Schoolmasters of Farm many a youngster's brain. ending with and per se. ington in the Olden Time" is an en We a re fortunate in being able to Or t he first lessons in combining let joyable and valuable article upon this present to our readers, an exact tran ters, ba be bi bo bu by. matter), but this may be emphatically script of the first alphabet published in Or t he pleasure in reaching words of stated, Farmington is, and has a right this country. This without doubt would two syllables, as ba-ker, bri-er, ci-der, to be, proud of its schools, from their prove very dull and uninteresting to Or t he satisfaction of knowing ones first establishment until the present mo the school children of to-day, but in duty in those "Lessons of Easy Words," ment. commencing *The d ata for this article was largely the "days of long ago," it was in per taken from Mr. Gay's "Schools and fect keeping with the religious teachings "No m an may put off the law of God." Schoolmasters of Farmington in the of the times, and was dreadfully real And l ater the advanced steps, both in Olden Time."

KINDERGARTEN A ND GRADE ONE— MISS ELSIE DEMING, TEACHER. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 39

in; J ohn Hooker declaimed Anthony,s 0% A ratom^ oration over Caesar's body, and follow ing after that was his own recitation full Hh'A'f1 W dejjffr'i j kl run 0 p 4 of green fields and skipping lambs SEACON E dward Hooker writes \r i Ls^^yvW^f '.Vz' Si' '.1'V i -1 which subject in midwinter gave the in his diary "Mch. 15, 1816, a girls much cause for merriment. The m. Met with committee to pleasure of that occasion had spanned fix spot for Society House." three quarters of a century and made ,29 Before the following Decem seem but yesterday. ber the present building was erected un Sometimes t he exhibitiops took place der the supervision of Maj. Samuel in the church on a temporary platform. Dickinson, then the prominent builder George D. Cowles once gave there a of the town. musket drill, and for a touch of realism The l ower room first used as an Acad in a dialogue or play, Bezaleel Rockwell emy was opened on November 15 of town shoemaker, was seen there with that year, and made known to the out bench and tools pegging away for a liv side world by an advertisement in the ing. Connecticut C our ant of November 16. When t he crowd which came to town- This school must have been well at meeting was too big for the chapel room tended by the large and growing families it adjourned to the church. Mr. Rowe in the village, and many scholars came then store-keeper, remembers being sum from surrounding towns. Simeon Hart moned, and seated with ink and pen in who took charge of it in 1823, is spoken the square roomy pew of that time, to of .with reverence by the few left who write votes for a favorite candidate whose chances seemed doubtful. The studied under him. Quite a h andsome piece of printing Grenadiers were also known to drill is the catalogue of 1827, showing 51 there on a rainy day, but I am getting boys and 24 girls on the roll, also three across the street from the chapel. assistant teachers, Leonard Welles ; Wil Mr. J ulius Gay has given some ac count of the Academy rooms fifty years liam Hannaford, lecturer on chemistry; HORN-BOOK O F THE EIGHTEENTH CEVTPRY. Philip Strong, student-assistant. A year ago in these words : or two later, when Mr. Chauncey Rowe - t he present square tower with its graduated from West District School brothers. A s cholar of the twenties re bell stood as they now appear. Turn into the Academy, Master Hart had as calls a school exhibition where Giles the main building around to the left teacher of penmanship a political exile Porter had to recite a humorous piece 90 degrees and join the center of what from Greece, Petros Mengous by name telling about the visit of the Crown would then become the west side, to the who, I am assured, wrote very hand Prince to the old woman making apple tower, and you have the building as somely. dumplings, and how he could not find originally erected, the eaves of the main Miss S arah Porter went here with her the seams where she had put the apples building and of the tower being of the

1%/TR. J ohn Rogers, minifler of the ,*,»-■. gofpel in London, was the f1r1t mar tyr in Queen Mary's reign, and was burnt at Smithficld, February I 4, 1554. — His wife 'with nine small children, ard one at her breast following him to the ftakc , with The H onorable JOHN HANCOCK, Efq; which fo'rowful fight he W3S not in tho leaft daunted, but with wonderful patience Preftdent of the American Congress. died eourageoufly for the gofpel o.f J ■ s P s Christ. from t uk new england pr1mer— 1777 HEFROM T NEW ENGLAND PRIMER--1777 EDITION. EDITION. 40 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

In A dam's Pall Noah d id view We f >nned all. I l.e old world Si new Hea\'en t o find, Young O ■ a o 1 a s , The tilhle Mind. Dav1d, Jos i a * All were p1ous. Chnfl e rue1iyd Peter d eny'd For T1nners dy'd. H1s Lord and ery'd.

The D eluge drown'd Queen E sther fues The Earth around. And faves the Jeut

E L 1 > a r i h1d Young p ious Ruth, By Ravens fed. LrU a1l lor Truth

The j udgment made Young 8 a mi ' l dear Fel1x aira1d. The Lord did lear.

As r uns the Glass, Our (.1fe doth pass. Young T i i t o t r v Learnt f1n to rly. My B ook and Heart H Must never pan. V a s t h 1 f or Pr1de. W an fet alide Job f eels the Rod,- Yet bleffes GOD. Whales 1 n the Su<1, GOO\1 Vo1ce obey

Proud K orah's troop Was fwallowed up X c a XES d 1d dte And fo rnuft I Lot ( led to Zoar, Saw fiery Shower Wh1lo y ou1h do thrjr On Sode1m pour. Death may be neat Moses w as he M Who IsraeFs Hoft Z a c e n r 1 ( s lu Led thro' the Sea. D>d rlnnb , he Tree Our Lord lo fee ALPHARET A S PUBLISHED IN THE NEW ENGLAND PRIMES, EDITION OF 1777.

Of t he Boy that Jlo1e App1es.

AN o ld man found a rude boy upon one of his trees Healing Apples, and de- fired him to eome down; but the young Sauee-box told him plainly he would not. Won't you ? faid the old Man, then I will fetch you down ; fo he pulled up fome tufts of Grafs, and threw at him ; but this only made the Youngfler laugh, to think the old Man (hould pre tend to beat him down from the tree with grafs only. Well, w ell,, faid the old Man, if nei ther words nor grafs will do, I mu1l try what virtue there is in Stones; fo the wh1eh .... f oon made the young —Chap halten down from uoldthe iu treeManman and peltedpeitca beg himmm the old heartilyneartily Man's withwith pardon. Hones;Itoncs; MORAL If g ood words and gent1e means will not reelaim the wieked, they muft be dealt with in a more I evere manner.

FROM W EBSTER'S SPELLING BOOK. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAU TIFUL HOMES. 4I

THE O I,D ACADEMY.

same h eight, and the whole structure the a pparatus of the old Farmington a p lay-ground for the children on rainy presenting a much more harmonious ap Academy. Around the room ran book days." pearance. You enter and fmd yourself cases which had done service when the In t he troubled years before the Civil in a square room painted a dingy red books well nigh filled Deacon Porter's War the Home Guards, sixty in number and on a week day you pass through the kitchen. In the center was a huge table drilled in the lower room; with arms door into a dark little room with doors piled up with books in the most dis furnished by the state, and in soldier on all sides except the south, where orderly fashion. The room was for caps and scarlet flannel coats they made hang the shawls and tippets and one recitations, but more often was used as a fine show on parade. Very few of thing or another of the school children, while on the shelves stand their dinner baskets. Are you one of those happy youths who did not know then, as now. how jolly it all was? Then enter the door directly in front of the teacher's desk, salute the master according to the forms then and there required, and pass up the main aisle to the high and honor ORDERF O THE EXERCISES able seats in the rear, or sit quietly down among the little folks in front as your years may require. If you are of ATHE T an older growth and desire to get into the library room of a week day and have things all to yourself, which could not be at the regular Sunday evening meet EXHIBITION O F ings of the company, you will make known your wants to the schoolmaster, who will, if he thinks you trustworthy, reach down the big old iron key from a FARMINGTON A CADEMY, nail back of his desk, and with this you will proceed through the dark room and recitation room leading from it, into the room in the south-east corner and find TUESDAY E VENING, all the literary of half a cent ury's accumulation within your reach In one corner stands, just as it stands now, the great closet with whose appear April 2 4, 1 832. ance you are familiar, but with a di versity of hoarded . Directly before you ranged the Edinburgh En cyclopedia containing to the boy,s notion, all the knowledge of the ages. On the shelves above in orderly array, stood FARMINGTON. C ONNECTICUT.

at f raa laa Vaaoara of Falenao-

ralatnalmaof W aabimtaa'aaotb^ay. W. Cuaaa.

I T boou*! if tbai1a1.

II. T ba Powor of U I. M W 1l ataafc, w ard of HawtWa, J. H . au . JWaaaVa. a W o f8Ua1r. 0- at. Poa Mm' I Gawarw. a Pbrwc1aa. J. D. law. 71two1, a rraat1l of llawlbora, T. C P1n Jfarawa t t /t/.-,. an Inab CobUr, I . T. Waa Eltrara hoaa W abator- a Saaocb al tba raUbralMCt o f Waabourtoo'a bulb aba, I. Hwlll -. W Ciaa*. Extract from 1ba La* of 1bo laat W1n.tt.-I. T. C- P1Tm- Bcw frara 1bo Laaj of Ibo Labo. H-A.Coa.ua. .- J D. Hm~

FAC-SIMILE O K AN OLD PROGRAM, APRIL 24th, 1x:',2. these m en helped to make up the thirty- formed i t for their own use, and by days t he heart of the community cen two who went to the war at the first their courtesy for the use of others. tered in the church, and the privilege of call of the President, hut they did help The u pper room of the chapel was church-going was highly esteemed. to fire the martial spirit that sent more not opened until January t, 1817. Dea oNext t the church, this may be called than our quota of volunteers. con Hooker wrote that day in his diary : our most historic building. The educa When t he Academy closed the room "Remarkably fine weather. The new tion and pleasures of several past gener was taken for general public use, and room lately built for the use of the Ec ations are closely connected with it, and the partitions were removed, leaving one clesiastical Society was opened for even we rejoice to hear that an honorable large room, usually dirty and littered ing worship the first time, and a sermon future yet awaits it. — M. I). B. in Farm- This was entirely unlike the well-kept was preached in it by Rev. Mr. Porter ington Magazine, March, 1001. and attractive room known to us since About 450 people attended, and more the Ladies' Benevolent Society trans could not be accommodated." In those

fXeaenb o Mill Warren's E>en.

That W ill Warren was more than a myth, i s shown by the following from Andrews' H istory of New Britain. f"Wife o Jonathan Griswold ; this was his second wife; her maiden name Ex perience Warren, daughter of Abraham, of Wethersfield, and Experience (Stephens) his wife, born June 9th, 1712, was the sister of Old Will Warren who was the Hermit, and had his den on Rattlesnake Hill, so often referred to even to this day. Will W arren (or Moor Warren) ap peared in Farmington, a dark Indian looking man coming from, no one knew

WILL W ABBEX'S DEN. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 43

people w ith their dogs already on his and s aid nothing. The dogs had lost trail. Like a hunted animal he crept their scent, and the chase was over. along the trap ledges until he perceived Years a fterward a hunter looking two Indian squaws, sitting in the sun from a rock saw Will Warren with his sewing wampum. They knew him and Indian wife and two children playing he told them partly by words and part in a natural yard among the rock ;. ly by signs of his troubles. Their round Nothing was ever done to disturb Will black eyes blinked and they said not a Warren, although he was said to have word. Then one stooped and taking stolen sheep. His wife is buried near Will Warren in her arms, carried him the cave, and the skeleton found inside to the low covered opening that leads the cavern is supposed to have been that into the cavern. Later the searchers of Will Warren. If one goes by the arrived, a tired people with their dogs ; cavern late at night he may distinctly but the Indian women blinked their hear the bleating of the sheep among black bead like eyes, and knew nothing the hills. PUBLIC S ICN POST -FORMERLY WHIPPING POST.

where. T hat alone was suspicious. Some whispered, "he is a retired pirate," and prejudice was still further excited when it was found that he did not attend the services of the church. For some mis demeanor he was whipped at the whip ping post. It may be that he persisted in with his Indian friends on the Sabbath. It is not very clear, but cer tainly he was so angered by the punish ment that he attempted to set the vil lage on fire. Already a house and a barn were ablaze, when Will Warren was dis covered in the act. He barely escaped his pursuers and aided by the dark ness he fled to the mountains. All that night he hastened on, but as so often happens, he wandered in a great cir cle, and the morning found him on the mountain ridge that overlooks Farm- ington. Below him he could see the IPPOSED B URIAL PLACE OF WILL WARREN'S INDIAN WIFE.

ENTRANCE T O WILL WARREN'S DEN. 44 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

THE C ONGREGATIONAL CHURCH —Built 1771 THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 45

el5v m nzv. qulncv blakclv'

beloved w ife, brought sudden and great The c omplete list of pastors is as fol sorrow to the community. Of these lows : pastorates the most noteworthy, both Roger N ewton, 1652-1657. in length of time and impress upon the Samuel H ooker, 1661-1697. life of the community, is unquestionably Samuel W hitman, 1 706-1 751. that of Dr. Porter, who was born here, Timothy P itkin, 1752-1785, the great, great grandson of Robert Allen O lcott, 1787-1791. Porter — one of the original members of Joseph W ashburn, 1795-1805, the church — baptized in the church when Noah P orter, 1806-1866. an infant, received into membership at Levi L eonard Paine, 1861-1870. seventeen, ordained and installed lts James F '. Merriam, 1871-1873. pastor at twenty-five, remaining as its Edward A . Smith, 1874-1888. DATEN O FOUNDATION STONES. pastor influential and beloved for sixty George L . Clark, 1888- 1899. years, until his death in 1866. It was James G ibson Johnson, 1899-1905, HEON T 13th of October, 1652, during his pastorate in 1818. that the Quiney B lakely, 1905-. Mr. Roger Newton, Stephen Sunday School was established, which Memorial t ablets for four of these Hart, Thomas Judd, John has since that time been one of the reg have already been placed in the church, Bronson, John Cowles, Thom ular and most important institutions of viz, : Samuel Whitman, Timothy Pitkin. as Thompson and Robert Por the church. In this period also, in Noah Porter and Edward A. Smith.* 1 ter, in simple Congregational fashion, organized themselves into the "First Church of Christ in Farmington." These men were afterward known as "the seven pillars of the church." Before the year closed they had added seven more to their number, and eight years later it is recorded, fifty-one had been ad mitted to the membership of the church. And should we follow the roll through the years, there would be found upon it the names of a large number, who here and elsewhere, have won distinc tion and honor, in attainment and in service. The o riginal town of Farmington which remained undivided at the time the present church building was erected covered about two hundred and twenty- five square miles, extending from Sims- bury on the north, to Wallingford on the south, and from Wethersfield and Middletown on the east, to Harwinton aml Waterbury on the west, and in ANLD O VIEW OF THE INTERIOR. cluded what are now Plaiuville, South ington, Bristol, Burlington and Avon, and parts of West Hartford. New Brit September, i n 1S1o, nine men who had *Mostf o the data for this sketch is from the memorable anniversary address ain, Berlin, and Wolcott. been appointed the June preceding, by of President Porter, delivered Oct. 16, During t hese two and a half centuries the General Association of Massa 1872. at the 100th anniversary of the of the church life, up to the beginning chusetts, as members of the American dedication of the church. of the present pastorate in 1905, there Board of Commissioners for Foreign have been in all but twelve ministers, Missions, met at Farmington in Dr *1. C opy of the inscriptions on the four manorial tablets that have been the average length of their ministrations Porter's study and completed the or placed in the church. being over twenty-one years. This li$t ganization of this first foreign mission is a notable one, beginning with Roger ary society in America, which has given In m emory of Ncwton in 1652, who headed the little such splendid and continuous service Samuel Whitman 1 6 76- 1 75 1 company of the seven original members, ever since. The first president' of the Third pastor of this to Dr. Johnson, whose death in 1905, Board was the distinguished Gov church 1706-1751 following just a week after that of his Treadwell of this church. Fellow of Vale 46 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

College 1 726-1751 A gentleman of strong mind and sound judg ment. A truly learned man.

In m emory 1727 of the 1812 Reverened T imothy Pitkin, M. A. Pastor of this chureh from 1752 to 1785. Moderator of the General Association in 1784. Trustee of Dartmouth College from 1769 to 1773. Fellow of from 1777 to 18o4. During h is pastorate this house of God was built Si m onumentum quaeris Cireumspiee.

The c hurch has had three meeting inferred b y the length of time taken houses. Where the first was built is for its construction; and how much the not known, the "ould book" which con prosperity of the town advanced in the tained the record being worn out and next sixty years, can be seen in the lost. The earliest reference to it is in contrast of this small, and, as the rec 1672, when the new book begins. It ords show, very poorly constructed was evidently a very rude structure and building with the beautiful and splen was used as a fort as well as a church. *2 didly built edifice, which at that time The second building was commenced succeeded it, and which stands to the in 17o9, and completed in 1714. It was present day, still beautiful and strong fifty feet square, and furnished with a This third and present structure was be cupola or turret which according to gun in 1771, as shown in the date so MEMORIAL T ABLET IN HONOR OF DK. tradition was in the center. How hard plainly marked upon the foundation NOAH PORTER. it was to secure this building can be stones. It was completed and the dedi-

In m emory of Noah Porter, D. D. For sixty years the faithful and beloved pastor of this church. Born in this to»/n Dec. 23. 1 781. Ordained p astor Nov. 5, 18o6. Died S eptember 24, 1866. "Behold an Israelite indeed in whom there is no guile" John 1.47 "He being dead, vet speaketh." Heb. XI4 In l oving memory of Edward Alfred Smith 1835-1895 P astor of this church 1874-1888. "The t hings that are not seen are eternal." * 2 " GUARDS AT MEETING. It is ordered by this eourte. That there shall bee a guard of twenty men every sab bath and lecture day, compleatc in theire armes, in each severall towne upon the river, and at Seabrooke and ffarmingtou eight a piece ; each town uppon the sea side, in this jurisdiction, ten; and as the number of men increase in the townes, theire guards are to increase : And it is furthered ordered, that each man in the guards afore said, shall bee allowed halfe a pound of powder yeare- ONEF O THE MOST COMMON OF FARMING ly, by theire several townes." — Code of TON ANTIQUES— SHINGLES FROM THE 1650. CHURCH USED FOR OVER 125 YEARS. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

cation e xercises were held November 25th of the following year. The two persons to whom the credit of its build ing is most due, are Colonel Fisher Gay one of the leading merchants of the town, and Captain Judah Woodruff, who was the architect and master build er; and who also built a number of the 1ine and substantial dwelling houses of the village, most of which still remain and in good condition. In building the church, n0 pains were spared to have the material of the best quality, and the work most thoroughly done. The de sign of the building, probably made by Captain Woodruff, resembles in a gen eral way, that of the Old South Church rr in Boston, as do many of the best New England churches. The spire is . , its crowning glory, not only in its ex ternal beauty, but in the quality of its construction. It was completed below and raised to its place on the tower, its top reaching a height of 150 feet The impression which it made upon the youthful Elihu Burritt, as described so happily by himself at the 100th anniver sary celebration, was as follows : — "I n ever shall forget the feeling of awe and admiration which the f1rst sight of Farmington produced in my child's mind. After the longest walk I had ever made on my small bare feet we came suddenly upon the view of tbis glorious valley and of the largest citv I had ever conceived of. I was smit ten with wonder. I dared not go anv further, though urged by my older brothers. I clambered up Sunset Rock and, sitting down on the edge with mv feet over the side, looked off upon the scene with a feeling like that of a man first coming in view of Rome and its St. Peter's. I had never before seen a church with a steeple, and measuring this above us with a child's eye it seemed to reach into the very heavens This steeple crowned all the wonders I saw. I sat and gazed at it until my brothers returned to me. And this thought was uppermost in all that filled my mind. I remember it as if it were the thought of yesterday. If I could only stand where that brass rooster stood on the steeple, could I not look right into heaven and see what was going on there? Or if that were a "THELD O SPIRE." live rooster, and should crow every morning, could not all the good Farm ington people who bad gone to heaven hear him, and know by his voice that he was a Farmington rooster, and would they not all be glad to hear him crow, not only that they were so happy, but because so many of their children were safely on the way to the same happiness In later years I learned that what to my youthful imagination appeared to be a rooster was in fact a crown, placed there in honor of the king under whose reign this house was erected, which was subsequently changed to a star, as it is at the present time. This was the honest, reverent thought of a child, at his first sight of this church. "*3 48 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

somewhat h umorous record of many dis agreements as to the conduct of the musie, which have lessened the har mony of the church, and injured its spirit. As Dr. Porter remarks in his anniversary address "the efforts to ef fect a concord of sweet sounds have resulted in fierce discords between sensi tive tempers and furnished fruitful occa sion for temporary troubles." At one time a large committee was appointed "to compromise the difference among the singers." In 1774 it was "voted to sing at the close of the second service in the winter as well as in the summer. In 1803 there were eight choristers to di rect the singing, with one leader. In 1818 the Handel Society was organized with a large membership under the lead ership of the eminent Dr. Eli Todd. Dr. Todd was reported to be an infidel at the time and rarely attended church, though he was an intimate friend of the pastor and the beloved physician of the community, and it was a matter of great rejoicing when he consented to THE F ARMINGTON DRUM -NOW IN THE ROOMS OF THE CONNECTICUT HISTORICAL conduct the singing of the church. He SOCIETY, AT HARTFORD, CONN.— USED FOR MANY YEARS AT THE CHURCH. did not sing, but led the choir with a violin, the use of which was introduced The a rrangement of the interior was During a ll these years, especially since at this time. The bass-viol was soon in general the same as at present. The the present church building has stood, added, also Mute, clarionet and bassoon pulpit being opposite the west door with with occasional periods of diminished It was not until 1801 that an organ was aisle extending to it. There was also interest and enthusiasm, much atten purchased by subscriptions from the an aisle from the north to the south doors tion has been given to the of the ladies, and appropriations from the so so that the body of the house was di church, with results which have con ciety. The church building was used vided into four blocks, each containing tributed to the pleasure and profit of without further changes until 1901, when six pews, and along the walls on every the congregation and have added much the complete renovation was made, the side was a row of square pews, a pew to the ministry of worship. But here as result of which may be seen in the edi in each corner, and with one or two elsewhere we have the sad, though fice as it now is, beautiful without and benches by the north and south doors. The pulpit was high and formidable, and overhanging it was a huge sound ing board. On these were fine carv ings of ivy vines wrought with his knife by Captain Woodruff, which were much admired. Beneath the pul pit was a closet which, according to legend, was reserved by the "tything man," for unruly boys. In 183(1, sixty- five years later, extensive alterations were made. The old square pews were all removed, also the high pulpit and wonderful sounding board, which would be so prized anu cherished now, if the varying common taste had not at that time, decreed their removal. Stoves had been introduced in 1824, previous to which time, during the one hundred and seventy-two years in which the peo ple had gathered for worship, in this and the two earlier buildings, the only provision for warmth had been the foot stoves, which those who were able brought with them, and which the people who came from a distance, filled from the generous fires of those living near the church. In 1731 a bell was purchased and in 1738 a town clock. Before the bell was procured the beat of drum called the people together for Sunday OLD B ASS VIOL, MADE IN FARM1NGTON worship, and for other public meetings AND FOR MANY YEARS USED IN THE CHOIR. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOME.S. 49

JAMES G IBSON JOHNSON, I899-1905. SO F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT,

the g rand and varied powers of art in church architecture; but nothing in city or country can present a more perfect i1lustration of the impressive beauty and inspiration possible in a simple idea artistically developed and given to the world in its perfection. This m uch admired spire has not only turned thoughts upward during these many years, in which it has with sug gestive grace pointed constantly "as with silent finger to sky and stars," but in its refmed beauty it has been a tran quil power among the aesthetical in fluences of a community which holds it in admiration amounting to a tender reverence. It has held aloft a standard of symmetry and of perfection of work manship that has been a social and edu cational inspiration. The s teeple was built with the church in 1771. The quality of the material within. T he old stoves were replaced And t his it may be said, expressed and workmanship put into the structure by a furnace, the gift of Mr. D. N. in noble phrase, has been the deep and by the builders was in keeping with the Barney. The new pulpit was given by controlling aim of this church of Christ spirit of those days when the founda Miss Martha Day Porter and her sis from the beginning to the present day. tion of a staunch and abiding republic ter, in memory of their grandfather, Dr. was being planned. An indication of Porter. And the fine organ was given *3 R eference to the church spire — From this is found in the fact that the shin by Miss Anna Jennings of New York "Hartford Magazine," July. /900. gles on the roof did faithful service for in remembrance of Miss Sarah Porter, Shakespeare s peaks of "the spire and over a century and a quarter, and it her beloved teacher. In 1902, the fol top of praise." The beautiful spire of was only five or six years ago that it lowing year, the beautiful and thorough the Farmington Congregational Church was found necessary to replace them ly equipped Parish House, also in mem for more than a century has gracefully with new roof coverings. This is ory of Miss Porter, was "erected by her held its position at the top of praise among the numerous churches for which pupils, in honor of her wise, unwearied among all church spires of its chaste is claimed the one time attendance o and noble endeavor to make real to style of beauty. It is generally conceded George Washington. Its beauty and its them the Life Eternal 'and this is Life to be the daintiest and most exquisite newness would certainly have attracted Eternal, that they might know Thee the lined church spire in rural America. the attention of a man of Washington's only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom Stately c hurch edif1ces in the city tastes. Thou has sent.' " exhibit in tower and turret far more of

01.1) C LARION, USE IN CHI RCII ( 11UHt. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 5!

RADITION t ells us, or was it built t he present Catholic church edifice. of t he east abutments of the first two some learned man who knew A ferry was established at this point by bridges may still be seen several hundred just what was taking place the town in 17o6, which voted that they feet lower down the river, the erection (5 here long before the evolution "would be at the charge of providing of which caused a whirlpool very fa of man on our planet, that and keeping in repair a canoe with ropes mous in its day, and dangerous to the our river did not always follow its pres convenient for passing and repassing the unwary swimmer. ent tortuous course, northward, but river at the landing place." This place During a b rief period after the Rev flowed from a great lake southward was long afterwards known as "The olutionary war, while for one, or at where now flows the sluggish current of Canoe Place." The ferry, however, had most two generations, the merchant the Quinnipiac. Our ancestors found it its disadvantages, and in 1722 we read princes of Farmington retained their pursuing its present way and named that "the Society granted to Samuel wealth, the river bank just below the by the aborigines "Tunxis Sepus," or the Thompson, son of John, for the charge bend was covered with boat houses and he hath been at in recovering the canoe pleasure-grounds, and a path led down that was driven down to Simsbury, five to them through a double line of Lom- shillings." Instead of the fragile ropes bardy poplars from the newly built a chain was stretched across the river house of Gen. George Cowles. These to guide the canoe. Six years after disappeared long ago, and the mill and ward, the town had either built a bridge bridges are the only structures on the or was tired of the ferry and the Eccle line of the river which have changed siastical Society voted "to sell the boat its appearance since the Indian paddled that at present lies useless * * * the his canoe over its surface, or fished chain to be taken care of by the Society along its bank, or buried his dead in Treasurer." In 1767 we read of the the hill side which still looks down on "Great Bridge," at this point. In 1708 the most beautiful bend of the river ENTRANCE T O OLD RED BRIDc;'). the town votes to build a "bridge near The freshets which every spring cover the north meadow gate, which is to be our broad meadows for miles, suggestive of the same construction as the present of the prehistoric lake, preclude any crooked r iver. Crossed by no bridges bridge," and in 18o3 they voted to sell building along its banks. So does Na and impeded by no dams, it abounded ture kindly protect her own from the the woodwork of the old North Bridge. improvements and intermeddling of in with fish. Shad were so plentiful that In 183o they voted the building of the genious man. the early settlers despised so common present covered bridge which was ac Julius G ay, in the Farmington Maga an article of food, and humbly apolo complished the next year, The remains zine. gized if it was discovered on their tables. The first dam which interfered with the ascent of fish was that which turned the wheels of the corn-mill of Capt Thomas Hart, and which we hear of in 17o1, as lying not far from the In dian Neck. When built we know not. It is only by the record of the legal complications which befell an Indian, Wencmo, who had stolen "a good fire- lock gun," that even this early date was preserved. In 1767 the dam was com plained of as a nuisance by those who travelled over the Litchfield road. Thirteen years afterward the town ap plied to the General Assembly for a lottery to raise monev to build a cause way at "Eighty Acres" high enough to be out of reach of the water set back by the dam. For m any years the inhabitants of the valley crossed the river in boats going down to it through the north meadow gate, and along the then broad highway on which was subsequently LDTHE O RED BRIDUE. 52 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

Mareiftab H p&gp anil iDtamoniJ (&len.

OUS Y pass along t he lower road, so called, leading from Main Street to East Mountain, you discover on the high ground of the north side indications of there having once been a building there, as portions of a well curb and a filled up well were lately to be seen. There in ancient days one Morehead carried on the business of dyeing yarn and had a band loom in which he wove a coarse linen fabric called Hum Hum. used principally for towels and cleaning dishes. The legend is that Morehead possessed an irascible temper, and once settled a dispute by dashing a quantity of dye stuff upon the person of Mrs. Morehead. Hence originated the old time conundrum :

HENEAR T BRIDGE— LOOKING SOUTH.

"There w as a man, the man was human, Liv'd a man, but dyed a woman." Many a s chool boy taxed his brain to render a correct solution to the prob lem. Now take the south side up the hill and get a view of Diamond Glen, so named by the pupils of Miss Porter's school. The deep ravine has a stream of water which once was carried by a flume and discharged into the buckets of an overshot mill wheel carrying the machinery for grinding corn. For many years the mill building was also used for making gin. The brook now takes the overflow of water from the reservoir which covers several acres and from which the hydrants and many housese and barns are supplied, giving better protection from fire than ever before. The old loom and dye house with the mill opposite passed away long time ago, hut the enchanting view from that eastern slope will remain until these eternal hills remove, and suns and stars revolve no more. C. R owe. PnHE T FARMINGTON RIVER, THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 53

THE M ILL. 54 F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT.

Zhc M ater Xillies. ,.'By K B.

L1. r iding at anchor the lilies lay Asleep in their round green leaves, And ripples of wind on the waters play And N ature hardly breathes. The p ickerel sees them from below. As we see the saints in our dreams, And w onders to see their tall forms grow To a region beyond the streams. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

Zhc f lfc£tb of the JSenb.

THE P RELUDE. wl1o h ad crossed the river and must suffer death. "If there is need of a f* j I I E moon was full and not a life let me die, Oh Gitche Manitou," . V b reeze stirred the branches of said the maiden. She paused for a the forest. A solitary wolf was reply, but there was no reply, only far away, the night was sound of the night-birds and the river full of the sweetness of June flowing southward among its reeds. blossoms. The young Indian girl was Again she prayed earnestly to the Great talking very earnestly with her lover. Spirit and again there was no reply, only "I fear. I am so fearful. Last night the far distant cry of some animal in the great owl cried for an hour near the the mountain. Suddenly the river was lodges, and you know that means death. lit from side to side with a pale and I am afraid. Perhaps you had better then a brighter light, and there was Gitche Manitou. the Great Spirit. "What w ouldst thou have of me little one?" said the Great Spirit. "I would have him live who must die to-morrow." "And thy father?" said the Great Spirit. "He has said as surely as the river flows between our two nations, so surely will he keep the treaty, and the young warrior must die. But thou who knowest every thing and can do anything, let me die but let him live." A smile of great THE B END FROM INDIAN NECK. tenderness came over the face of Gitche Manitou. He reached downward and comeo n more," said she. "Be not traced with his forefinguer along the afraid," said the Indian, "many times ground, and the river followed his have I crossed the river, I am not finger as the hounds follow after the afraid, no harm will come to us. Did game. The river danced with ex you think a little river like this could citement to follow a new channel. keep me from you?" "Oh, but the And they came to the high mountains river," said the Indian girl, "it is the and the river said, "Now we must re river of death. I hate it. Do you turn for we can go no further." But remember the fate of Red Wolf who the Great Spirit drew his finger across swam the river for the wounded deer? the mountain and it crumbled like an Oh, I tremble still— the stake, the egg shell. And when the morning tortures with fire. My heart tells me awoke, lo ! the river was gone. that you will suffer the same fate. R.. B Leave me. Leave me. What was that?" "Twas a wolf or bear." He draws his bow and sends an arrow into "V"7? R ADITIOM tells us that our the gloom. There is a scream of pain, , V Farmington River did not al- the hollow is alive with dark forms; ways flow in its present tor there is a fierce fight and the young tuous course northward but Indian is captured. flowed from a great lake south ward." — Essay on the Tunxis Sefius THE M YTH. (Farmington River) by Mr. Julius Gay. "There u sed to be one nation lived By t he side of the river knelt the one side and one the other side of the Indian girl; the great unbroken forest Farmington River, and if either tribe murmured behind her, before her lay crossed this river boundary and got the river like a sheet of silver. She 'ketched' he got killed." — From conver prayed to the Great Spirit, Gitche Man- sations and recollections of Mr. Lucius itou. she prayed for the life of the one Dorman. 56 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

ARROW P OINTS, ALL FOUND AT "INDIAN NECK" ON THE SUPPOSED SITE OF THE BATTLE BETWEEN THE "TUNXIS" AND "STOCK BRIDGE-' INDIANS. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 57

BY J ULIUS GAY.*

tinction f rom the "Great River, the river quasson, t he chief sachem." The docu of Connecticut." Dr. Trumbull trans ment then proceeds in a rambling, in lates the name as meaning "at the bend coherent manner to stipulate that the of the little river," for here the Farm Indians should surrender their land, re ington River turns abruptly northward serving the "ground in place together and finds its way to the Connecticut at compassed about with a creek and trees Windsor. and now also to be staked out, also one In 1 642 we read of a grand conspiracy little slipe which is also to be staked of the Narraganset Indians and of the out." The English were to plough up tribes living at Hartford and Middle- the land for the Indians, wl1o were al town, and the General Court ordered lowed to cut wood for fuel. Fishing, preparations to be made "to defeat the fowling, and hunting were to be en plot of the Indians meeting about Tunx joyed by the English and Indians alike. is." We hear nothing further of the The deed was signed by Gov. Haynes plot, and on the 9th of April, 1650, the on the part of the English and by Pe- Indians of this vicinity execute a deed thus and A-1amo on the part of the In described as "A discovery in writing of dians. I he consideration was the pro such agreements as were made by the tection afforded the Indians and the HF. T unxis Indians, who once magistrates wlth the Indians of Tunxis lucrative trade offered them in corn and occupied the broad meadows Sepus concerning the lands and such furs. Nor was the consideration a small and forests surrounding our things in reference thereto as tend to one. Before the coming of the English village, first came within the settle peace in a way of truth and right the tribe was between two hostile and range of our ancestors' knowl eousness betwixt thc English and them." powerful enemies, the Pequots on the edge about the year 1640. Already in It states that it is "taken for granted east and the Mohawks on the west. January, 1639, the inhabitants of the that the magistrates bought the whole The brilliant campaign of Captain John three river towns, in the westward country, to the Mohawk country of Se- Mason had indeed relieved them from march of empire, before they were hardly settled on the Connecticut, moved the court for some enlargement of their accommodations. A committee was therefore appointed to "view those parts by Vnxus Sepus which may be suitable for those purposes and make report of their doings to the court which is ad journed for that end to the 20th of February at 10 of the clock in the morning." The depth of a New Eng land winter did not prove an attractive time for exploring an unknown forest buried beneath the snow, and when the court was duly opened it was informed that "our neighbors of Wethersfield, in regard the weather hath not hitherto suited for the viewing of Vnxus Sepus. .. i ntimated their willingness to defer the issue of the business." In De cember, 1645, the court "ordered that the Plantation called Tunxis shall be called Farmington." So in the year 1645 the settlement had been made long enough to be called a plantation, and two years earlier, in 1643, Stephen Hart had recorded the purchase of land on the west side of the river from a previous owner. i The p lace was known as Tunxis Se pus, Tunxis signifying crooked and Se pus a river, or the little river, in dis MONUMENT E RECTED TO THE MEMORY or THE TUNXIS INDIANS. 58 F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT. the f ormer, but from the Mohawks they sachems o r sagamores, their right in Mesapano, w hich would suggest that were still wont to run in abject terror the body politic and that of their chil those Indians rather than the Tunxis to the houses of their new friends. The dren was respected. The salic law of tribe were the guilty parties. The lat signatures of Pethus and Ahamo to the old world nations did not hold with ter, however, had been duly warned deed are bits of picture writing not them. According to Parkman, among against entertaining hostile Indians and easily explainable. Indian signatures the Iroquois, the royal line followed the were therefore held responsible for the are often uncouth representations of totem down the female line. If a Wolf murder and the firing of a house, and their totems; that is, of the animals af warrior married a I I,awk squaw, the they "mutually agreed and obliged them ter which the clan, and sometimes the children were Hawks and not Wolves, selves to pay unto the General Court individual, was named. Pethus' signa and a reputed son of the chief was in October, or to their order, yearly, ture is a mere scrawl, but Ahamo,s elab sometimes set aside for the children of for the term of seven years, the full sum orate drawing resembles nothing "in a sister, for a sister must necessarily be of eighty fathoms of wampum, well .heaven above, or that is in the earth his kindred, and of the line royal. strung and merchantable." Nearly ten beneath, or that is in the water under Right y ears afterward. Mesecope exc- years afterward the house of John Hart the earth." We must remember, how 1673, and again in 1683, becoming dis takes fire one December night and all ever, that the record is only a copy of satisfied with these not very well un his family, save one son who was ab the original deed transcribed January derstood legal documents, takes the town sent, were burned. We have several 18, 1667, by Register, authorities with him. and in a business contemporary records of the disaster, who may not have sufficiently admired like manner goes to the southern limit but no suspicion of foul play appeared. Indian art and heraldry to have taken of the grant, marks a tree and builds a Putting together these stories separated much pains with his copy. monument. In like manner he defines by ten years of time we have full ma- the eastern and western bounds, so that all men could see and understand, and

then goes home and signs his heraldic device, a bow and arrow, to a long ac count of his day's work. His son Sas- senakum, "in the presence and by the help of his father," adds his device, which may represent the sun with its surrounding halo. The document was duly recorded and is the last deed we need consider. Peace was firmly estab lished, and with few exceptions the re lations between the whites and Indians were from first to last friendly. For an account of one sad exception we must FGRAVE O EUNICE WIMPY— NEAR FARM go back a little. John Hull, mint mas INGTON R. R. STATION (Tunxia ANLD O DESK MADE BY A Tl!NXIS INDIAN Indian). ter of Boston, in his diarv ,mder date —PROPERTY OF M1t. HENRY MARTIN of April 23, 1657, says : "We received COWLES. The d eed of 1650 remained in force letters from Hartford, and twenty-three years, but all compacts, heard that at a town called Farmington, terials f or the historic tale. The In whether in the nature of treaties like near Hartford, an Indian was so bold dians surround the house of John Hart that of Clayton and Bulwer, or of con as to kill an English woman great with at midnight, murder the entire family, stitutions like that of Connecticut, do child, and likewise her maid, and sorely and burn the house over their remains. in time cease to meet all the require wounded a little child — all within their The town records perish in the flames, ments of new conditions. In 1673, the house — and then fired the house, which and the tribe pay a fine of eighty fath Indians having become dissatisfied, the also fired some other barns or houses. oms of wampum yearly thereafter. In town "gave them a meeting by a com The Indians, being apprehended, de point of fact th,e Indians did not mur mittee wherein they came to a friend livered up the murdered, who was der John Hart or burn his house. No ly and fmal conclusion." The Indians brought to Hartford and (after he had records were destroyed, and the court released their right to a rectangular piece his right band cut off) was, with an complained that the Indians did not pay of land drawn out in diagram upon the •axe, knocked on the head by the exe the fine for their transgression of ten deed that they might see definitely what cutioner." This story is worth a little years before. The murder of 1657 was they conveyed. The piece measured five study as illustrative of the manner in probably the work of strange Indians miles north from Wepansock or Round which much grave history is evolved, and not of the friendly Tunxis tribe. Mill, three miles to the cast, ten miles Given a few facts many years apart, a The Indians living to the north within to the south, and eight miles to the few traditions and a lively imagination the jurisdiction of the west. "The town of Farmington freely and there results a story that shall go Colony were for many years a menace giving to the Indians aforesaid two down through all time as authentic as to the whites and friendly Indians alike. hundred acres of upland within the the exploits of Old Testament heroes. There is a well-known tradition that lands of their plantation, as also three Let us consider the facts and then the about the year 1657 a marauding party pounds in other pay." In a postscript story. The General Court in April, 1657, from the north, seeking captives to (so called) to this deed the Indians are takes notice of "a most horrid murder hold for ransom, appeared at the Hart confirmed in their possession of land in committeed by some Indians at Farming- farm, one mile north of the present the Indian Neck. This deed was signed ton, and though Masapano seems to be the south line of Avon. and. proceed by twenty-one Indians and by five of principal actor, yet the accessories are ing thence southward, murdered a their squaws. Squaws often signed not yet clearly discovered." Messen Mr. Scott at a place thenceforth known deeds with their husbands. They might gers were sent to the Norwootuck and as Scott's Swamp. The earliest record be treated by them worse than blasts of the Pocumtuck Indians, that is, to those of the tradition is that by Mr. Ezekiel burden ; nevertheless, if descended from of Hadley and Deerfield, to deliver up Cowles, father of the late Egbert Cowles, THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 59

RESIDENCE O F ROBERT LAWRENCE.

ALEXANDER L AWRENCE'S COTTAGE —MISS E. S, HWRENCE'S "HAT SHOP."

BROOKSIDE " — P ROPERTY OF N. WALLACE— RESIDENCE OF MRS. HARRIET B. WILMERDING. ONHE T WATERVILLE ROAD. 60 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

Esq., w hich I give in his own words. the b ed of the old canal and north by From M intoo he received ten pounds of , He says: "Two Indians came to Old land recently of Mr. Henry, C. Rice. tallow for a hunting hatchet, four more Farm, where a man by the name of Here w ere formerly ploughed up in Hart was hoeing corn. He had a gun. great numbers two kinds of Indian arrow for mending his gun, and another four He would hoe along a little, and then heads, the broad, black kind used by for a half bushel of corn. He has ac then move his gun a little, and then the Tunxis Indians, and a lesser num counts also with Wonomie, Judas, and hoe again. He also had two dogs. The ber of a kind narrower, more pointed, others for sales and repairs of axes, dogs were disturbed by the Indians and and of a lighter color. These latter bush scythes, guns, gun locks, hoes, would run towards the woods. A part- we were told were the weapons of a picks, knives, hatchets, etc. Imple .ridge flew upon a tree near where he hostile tribe left here after a great ments for hunting seem to have been was hoeing. He shot at it and then battle. Of this battle, Deacon Elijah most in demand and were paid for loaded his gun before he moved. The Porter h as left us an account based on from the proceeds of the hunt. They Indians concluded they could not get the traditions of a hundred years ago. bought some seed corn and hoes, and him and went on upon the mountain un He says the whites "made an agreement it is to be hoped made good use of til they came near the south part of the with them to remove to the west side them, but the picture of Indian agricul village and got something to eat, but of the meadow, but before they left ture given by Wood in his "New Eng found too many houses to attempt to their old settlement they had intelligence land's Prospect" is the more commonly take any prisoners. Went on. Saw Root,s that the Stockbridge Indians were pre received one. Describing the occupa house on Great Plain. He was at pray paring to come and try their strength tions of the squaws, he says "another ers. The Indians heard him; thought with the Tunxis tribe. They met ac work is their planting of corn, where there were many persons in the house. cordingly at what is called the Little in they exceed our English husbandmen, Dogs barked. They ran. Found Scott Meadow. The battle was fought with keeping it so clear with their clamshell alone. Took him. He resisted. Hal true Indian courage and was very hoes, as if it were a garden rather loed. They cut out his tongue and fmal bloody, but the Stockbridge Indians than a corn field, not suffering a chok ly killed him." This atrocity also is were too powerful for the Tunxis, and ing ! k'eed to advance his audacious head attributed to strange Indians. The dif they gave way and retreated to their above their infant corn, or .1n under ferences between the whites and the settlement, whereupon the squaws mining worm to spoil his spurnes. Tunxis tribe during this period were formed a battalion and, attacking the Their corn being ripe, they gather it. comparatively slight and appear mostly enemy on their flank, soon drove them and, drying it hard in the sun, convey it in the records of fines imposed on the from the f1eld and gained a complete to their barns, which be great holes whites for selling cider and strong drink victory. The Indians, soon after the digged in the ground in form of a brass to the Indians, and on the Indians for battle, made preparation to remove to pot, ceiled with rinds of trees, where the consequences which naturally fol the. west side of the meadow." The re in they put their corn, covering it lowed. The cases were all petty and a moval of the Indians ordered by the from the inquisitive search of their single example will sufficiently illustrate General Court in 1658 was probably gormandizing husbands, who would eat their nature. In 1654 "Papaqurrote is soon accomplished, for as early as 1662 up both their allowed portion, and re adjudged to pay unto Jackstraw six the high ground west of Pequabuc served feed, if they knew where to fmd fathoms of wampum for his injurious meadow was known on the town records it " "pulling of his hair from his head by as Fort Hill, where may still be seen Six y ears later, in 1688, Pethus and the roots." Now, if the Indians in the gravestones which marked the new Ahamo had departed this life for the dulged in such an irregular form of place of Indian burials. In 1675 the happy hunting grounds of their race, scalping as this, and the injured party Court admitted that they had "set their and no one reigned n1 their stead. appealed to a Yankee justice of the wigwams where the authority appoints." Under the mild protection of the Eng peace for redress, it would seem that During t he whole of King Philip's lish the tribe no longer needed chieftains their savagery was beginning to take on war in 1675 and 1676, when the towns to lead them to battle, and the love of a rather mild form. around us suffered the horrors of Indian office for its petty spoils and dignity Until t he year 1658 the tribe lived warfare, the Tunxis tribe remained involving the sacrifice of self respect mostly on the east side of the river, faithful to the English, and on the 6th and worldly goods for its attainment, where they buried their dead and where of October, 1675, sent six of their war did not appeal to their simple natures. they maintained a fort. Hither came riors to assist them at Springfield. Nevertheless, it was desirable that strange Indians, sometimes as friends They were Nesehegan, Wanawmesse, some of their race should have author and sometimes as foes, until the court Woewassa. Sepoose. Unckchepassun, and ity to agree with the English in the found it necessary to order "that notice Unckcowott. In the year 1682 we get settlement of controversies. A meet shall be given to the Indians living at a passing glimpse of the relations of ing of the tribe was therefore held on Farmington that in regard to their hostile the whites and Indians from a single the 17th of September, 16S8, at the pursuits, contrary to former orders of leaf of the account book of Deacon house of John Wadsworth, am! they court, and considering their entertain Thomas Bull, in which he recorded his '.vere asked, now that their chief men ment of strange Indians, contrary to the dealings with the Indians. Deacon were dead, whom they would make agreement with the English when they Bull lived on the east side of the road choice of to be chief. They very sat down in Farmington, whence ensues which diverges from Main Street a modestly "desired Mr. Wadsworth to danger to the English by bullets shot little south of the Congregational nominate a man or two, who did into the town in their skirmishes, that Church. To Cherry he sells two hoes nominate Wawawis and Shum, and all they speedily provide another place for ,which he was to receive five and that were present well approved of for their habitation and desert that place one-half bushels of corn at harvest them" . . . "as captains to whom wherein they are now garrisoned." In time. For one broad hoe John Indian the English may have recourse at all the year 1711, and perhaps earlier, a cer promises a buckskin well dressed and times." The record of the meeting tain piece of land was known in the duly pays the same. To Taphow he was signed by John Wadsworth. Will town records as Fort Lot, and it re loaned one bushel of grain and got iam Lewis Senior, and John Standly tained the name until it was absorbed back one-half bushel. He sells Arwous Senior as witnesses on the part of the into the golf grounds of the Country a hatchet to hunt with, for which he English, and by Nonsbash, Judas, and Club. It is the part bounded west by was to receive nine pounds of tallow. eleven others on the part of the tribe. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 6I

'-** " ROSE LAWN"— RESIDENCE OF N. WALLACE. THE F ARMIMJTON CREAMERY PLACE RESIDENCE OF GEORGE P. BURGESS.

ANDREWS' C IDER MILL. ON THE WATERVILLE ROAD. 62 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, Wawawis a nd Shum, on their part, ble h and." Appropriations for the school of n ew scenes offered them and of more ' accepted of the place of captains or were made by the assembly for three room for the exercise of their old-time chief men amongst all the Indians now successive years. In 1737 a pupil of the freedom of forest life. The memorial in our town and do promise to carry school, one John Mata'wan, became its states " that they have receiyed a kind quietly and peaceable towards all Eng teacher. In 1751 the tribe had made such invitation from their brethren, the Six lish and to give an account to Mr. progress in adopting the customs of their Nations at Oneida, to come and dwell Wadsworth of any strange Indians com white neighbors that the Ecclesiastical with them, with a promise of a cor ing, etc. Twelve others, "not being Tunx- Society "granted a liberty to the Chris dial reception and ample provision in is Indians," also signed an agreement "to tianized Indians belonging to said society land whereon to subsist, and being '.valk peaceably and quietly towards the to build a seat in the gallery in the Meet straightened where we now dwell, think English ... and to be subject to ing House over the stairs at the north it will be best for ourselves and our Shum and Wawawis as their chief com east corner of said house and to be done children and also tend to extend and manders." This agreement seems to at the direction of the society com advance the kingdom of Christ among have been faithfully kept. In 1725, an mittee." In 1763 Solomon Mossuck the heathen nations to sell our interest attack from Canada being feared and joins the church, and two years after in this Colony, to accept said kind in bands of hostile Indians having been ward his wife Fun ice also joins. In No vitation of our brethren and to remove found lurking about Litchfield, the vember, 1772, a new teacher took his to the Oneida, and to prevent being Governor and Council resolved "That place in the little Indian schoolhouse in imposed upon therein, we humbly pray John Hooker, Esq., William Wads- West District. This was Joseph John your Honours as our fathers and guard worth, and Isaac Cowles, or any two son, a Mohegan Indian, ,whose father ians to appoint Col. John Strong and of them, shall inspect the Indians of had been a soldier in the French war. Fisher Gay. Fsq., and Mr. Elnathan Farmington ; and the said Indians, each He had attended Wheelock's Indian Gridley, all of said Farmington, a com and every man of them, is ordered to Charity School at Lebanon in 1758, but mittee to assist, direct, and oversee us appear before said committee every after leaving it had led an irregular life, in the sale of our lands." Their peti day about sundown, at such place as at one time going on a whaling voyage tion was granted. We have another said committee shall appoint, and give and visiting the West Indies. Returning account of this invitation of the Tunxis to said committee an account of their to a sober, religious life, he was em- tribe to the home of their former dead ramble and business the preceding day ' ployed by the "Society for Propagating liest enemies. It was written down by unless said committee shall, for good the Gospel in New England" to teach the Deacon Elijah Porter, who was a boy reason to them shown, give . their al Tunxis Indians until he was ordaineu of thirteen at the time of the occur lowance to omit their appearance for as a minister at Hanover, New Hamp rence and doubtless wrote of what he some time." In October this restraint shire, in the summer of 1774. He had personally knew. He says: "Some ».vas removed from the Farmington In much to do with the subsequent removal time before the Revolutionary War a dians provided they refrained from of the tribe to the west. tribe of the Oneida Indians came to war paint and wore a white cloth on The c ontinued progress of the Indians Farmington to make the Tunxes a their heads when they went into the toward a civilized life and their feelings friendly visit. Accordingly they had 1 woods to hunt, thus distinguishing and aspirations in regard to it are set feast of wild deer. In the evening they themselves from the hostile Indians forth in the memorial of Elijah Wam- held a pow-wow. They built a very 1around them. pey, Solomon Mossuck, and the rest of large fire and the two tribes joined The c onversion of the natives of this the tribe to the May session of the hands and set to running around this continent to Christianity was a favorite General Assembly in 1774. " Your fire singing and shouting and sounding purpose set forth in the grants and Honour's Memorialists have always the war whoop so loud as to be plainly charters issued by European sovereigns lived and inhabited in the said town of heard a mile." whether Protestants or Catholic. In Farmington by means whereof the most 'fhe g reat obstacle to the removal of 1706 the General Assembly of Connecti of us have in some measure become the tribe was their claim to valuable cut desires the reverend ministers to acquainted with and formed some gen lands which they could neither take prepare a plan for their conversion, and eral ideas of the English custom and with them nor legally sell. Since the in,' 171 7 the Governor and Council are manners, and many of said tribe have year 1738 they had many times be ordered to present "the business of been instructed in reading and writing sought the assistance of the General gospeling the Indians" to the October in English, and have been at consider Assembly and that body by sundry com session of the assembly. In 1727 per able expense in attaining the same, and mittees had found them to be the sons having Indian children in their furnishing ourselves with bibles and rightful owners of a piece of land families arc ordered to endeavor to some other books in English for our known as the Indian Neck, containing teach them to read English and to further instruction though poorly able from ninety to one hundred and forty catechise them In 1733 the General to hear the expense thereof, and we acres, bounded east and south by the Assembly provides for the payment of being desirous to make further pro river, north by the Wells Farm, and the board of the Indian youth of f1cieney in English literature and es west by land of Daniel Lewis. This Farmington at a school under the su pecially to be acquainted with the Stat land, though not held in severalty, cer pervision of Rev. Samuel Whitnnn, and ute Laws of this Colony do tain individuals of the tribe had at the next year the latter reports pro therefore prav vour Honours to give us tempted to sell in small quantities by gress to Gov. Talcott. "I have leisure a Colony Law Book to guide and direct deeds in most instances not legally ex only to inform your Honour that of the us in our conduct." The petition was ecuted or recorded and dating back as nine Indian lads that were kept at granted. far as the f1rst day of December, 1702. school last winter, three can read well Another m emorial by the same per Many legislatures perplexed themselves in a testament, three currently in a sons, dated six davs earlier, foreshad with attempts to do justice to all par- p.'Jalter, and three are in their primers ows a great change about to come over tics, until at length a committee was Testaments and psalters have been pro the tribe. 'fhe restless spirit of the appointed in 1773. which, taking into vide I for those that read in them savage which no civilizing influences, consideration all the circumstances of Three of ye Indian lads are entered in or religion itself, could wholly subdue, the case, divided a particular holding to writing and one begins to write a legi had been set on fire by the allurements each Indian, whether warrior or squaw, THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 63

HELEN F . ANDREWS, STUDIO. ON THE WATERVILLE ROAD. 64 F A R M I N GTO X , CO NX ECT ICUT, in q uantity varying from ten acres to a c ontinental " was the common desig the B rothertown Indians should con a little less than two acres and made nation of anything absolutely worthless. sult the account of Rev. Samson Oc- a map of the same. Lots were laid The assembly this time took pity on cum by the Rev. William DeLoss Love, out to thirty-seven individuals, being their condition and ordered the state and the numerous authorities to which one more than the census of 1774 re treasurer to take up the bills and pay he refers. I shall only quote a few cords. According to the latter there lawful money to Rev. Samuel Kirkland lines from the account which President were fourteen males over twenty years for their use. Dwight gives of his visit to them in of age and twelve females. The whole In 1 788 the Indians began to re 1790. He says: "I had a strong in matter was accomplished in 1777, and turn to their Oneida homes, being en clination to see civilized Indian life, the tribe was free to remove with the couraged by an act of the New York 1. t\. Indian life in the most advanced proceeds of the sale of their lands. legislature which has the following pre state of civilization in which it is found The tribe, small as it was, seems not amble: "And whereas the Oneida and in this country, and was informed that to have made its exodus in a body. Tuscarora tribes inhabiting within this it might probably be seen here." The In October, 1773, their principal men state have been distinguished for their Brothertown Indians, he says, " were sent a circular letter to six other New attachment to the cause of America chiefly residents in Montville and Farm- England tribes asking them to send each and nave thereby entitled themselves to ington, and were in number about one a messenger to the house of Sir Wil protection, and the said tribes by their hundred and fifty. The settlement ls liam Johnson, who had encouraged humble petition having prayed that formed on the declivity of a hill, run their removal. Joseph Johnson and their land may be secured to them by ning from north to south. The land Elijah Wampey were the only men authority of the legislature," commis is excellent, and the spot in every re who went. At a meeting at Canajo- sioners were appointed to devise meas spect well chosen. Here forty families harie the next Januarv, representatives ures for their contentment. In an act of these people have fixed themselves were sent by four tribes who announced of 1801 we read "that the tract of in the business of agriculture. They their intended removal in a speech by land of six miles square confirmed by have cleared the ground on both sides Joseph Johnson in the council house the Oneida Indians to the Stockbridge of the road about a quarter of a mile of the Oneidas. The latter, in their Indians by the treaty held at fort in breadth and about four miles in reply, say : '' Brethren, since we have Stanwix in the year one thousand seven length. Three of them have framed received you as brothers, we shall not hundred and eighty-eight shall be and houses. . The remaining houses confine you, or pen you up to ten miles remain to the Stockbridge Indians and are of logs, and differ little from those square," and add many expressions of their posterity forever." ..." and of the whites, when formed of the same hearty welcome. 'I he spring of 1775 be it further enacted that the tract of materials. Their husbandry is much saw the departure of a considerable land heretofore set apart for the In inferior to that of the white people part of the Tunxis tribe, some to dians called the New England Indians, Their fences are indifferent and their Oneida and some to Stockbridge. In consisting of the tribes called the Mo- meadows and arable grounds are im the Indian deeds on record. Elijah hegan, Montock, Stonington, and Nar perfectly cleared. Indeed, almost every Wampey locates himself in 1777 as raganset Indians, and the Pequots of where is visible that slack hand, that " now of Oneida in the Mohawk coun Groton and Nehanticks of Farming- disposition to leave everything unfin try," and James Wowowas in 1775 as ton, shall be and remain to the said ished, which peculiarly characterizes of Stockbridge. The time of their re Indians and their posterity, but without such Indians as have left the savage moval was most unfortunate. They, any power of alienation by the said life." with most of the Oneidas, espoused the Indians, or of leasing or disposing of We w ill close this paper with a brief patriot side in the Revolution and were the same or any part thereof, and the account of the scanty remnant of the driven in 1777 from their new homes same tract shall be called Brothertown Tunxis tribe who lived and died on by the British, Tories, and Indians un and shall be deemed part of the town their ancestral soil. Solomon Mossuck, der St. Leger and sought refuge in of Paris in the county of Oneida." who joined the church in 1763, died Stockbridge. Massachusetts. To tell Brothertown was on the Oriskany and January 25, 1802. at the age of 78 and the story of their disaster at length occupied the greater part of the town was buried in the Indian burying were to rehearse a large part of the of Marshall, which was formerly a part ground on the hill to the left of the history of the Revolution. The w;1r of the town of Paris and the southern road as you go to the railroad station. over, they renew their memorials to part of Kirkland in which is located A well-executed monument marks his our state legislature to help them re Hamilton College. New Stockbridge grave, He had a son Daniel who was turn to their now devastated homes. was six miles to the west in the town a soldier in the Revolutionary War Their a ppeal to the October session of August'!. The two settlements and a son Luke who removed to of the General Assembly in 1780 was formed at first one parish, the .Rev. Brothertown. Thomas Curcomb, who is written by Wampey, Cusk, Curcomb, Samson Occom preaching alternate Sun said on the church records to have and others from West Stockbridge ask days, now in the barn of Fowler in been the last Tunxis Indian of unmixed ing for funds to pay for the preach Brothertown and now in some house blood, died December 21, 1820, aged 44. ing among them of "Daniel Simon of in New Stockbridge. The history of He is best remembered by the story the Narraganset tribe of Indians of these two settlements, of thelr conten of his buying rum at the store of Zenas College education and ordained to tions with the land-hungry whites, and Cowles, the nearest source of supply for preach the gospel." Their request, of their own internal dissensions, is the inhabitants of the Indian Neck. It though fortif1ed by an appeal from the too voluminous for our present consid was during the early days when total missionary Samuel Kirkland. was re eration. In 1831 they again began a abstinence societies were unknown and fused, and instead thereof they were new removal westward, this time to all classes and conditions of men bought allowed to solicit contributions in the Green Bay, Wisconsin. The amount of rum, and every merchant sold it, as several churches. A considerable sum Tunxis blood diffused through that con one of the absolute necessities of life. was thus collected in Continental cur glomeration of races must now have Thomas, having obtained a gallon for rency and in bills of credit issued by become so small that we will not pur eight shillings, in due time returned for the state, but so utterly valueless had sue the history of the tribe further. another supply and was disgusted to this currency become that " not worth Those who desire further knowledge of learn that the price in the meantime THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 65 had r isen to nine shillings. It was ex we f ind him at the age of forty-nine always f riendly to our fathers. They plained to him that the extra shilling in Colebrook. where on a Saturday night have left little to recall them to mind. was for interest on the money and for in the last week of March, 1850, two A few monuments mark their graves shrinkage of the liquor, and that it wretches not twenty-one years of age, on Fort Hill near by where John Mat- cost as much to keep a hogshead of William H. Calhoun and Benjamin Bal- tawan and Joseph Johnson taught their rum through the winter as to keep a com, murdered a certain Barnice White schools. A single stone in our own horse. Yes, yes, said the Indian. He in a most brutal manner. They were cemetery overlooks the river once cov no eat hay, but he drink much water. sentenced to be hung, and Henry Mos- ered with their canoes and the broad Thomas got his rum for eight shillings suck. known as Henry Manasseth, was acres once their hunting grounds. On as before. The story of Henry Mos- sentenced with them as having prompted it arc inscribed the well-known lines by suck, son of Luke and grandson of and abetted them. A year afterward Mrs. Sigourney : Solomon, is not edifying, hut as he the sentences of all three were com was the last of his race and as his muted to imprisonment for life. I have Chieftains o f a vanished race, career well illustrates the inevitable fate read the lengthy records of the court In your ancient burial place, of weaker races in the contest of life and the minute confession of Calhoun By your fathers, ashes blest, I must venture to give you a brief and have learned much from other Now in peace securely rest. sketch of a man sinning somewhat, but sources. There seems to have been no Since on life you looked your last, very much sinned against. His f1rst evidence whatever against Mossuck ex Changes o'er your land have passed ; recorded appearance in public was in cept that of the men, who rehearsed Strangers came with iron sway, a justice court, where Escp1ire Horace the story of their brutal crime with no And your tribes have passed away. Cowles fined him for stealing chickens more compunction than they would feel I? ut your fate shall cherished be, on the night of July 8, 18J4. A month at the butchering of an ox, and who In the stranger's memory; afterward he was wanted in another had every motive for lying. Mossuck Virtue long her watch shall keep. matter but had absconded to parts un vainly petitioned the legislature for re Where the red-men,s ashes sleep. known. Two years later he goes to lease for three successive years, in 1861, sea for a three years' voyage, and, as 1862. and 1863, but finally, in 1867, Bal- More e nduring than these frail me I am told, with Capt. Ebenezer Mix, com on his death bed having asserted morials are the few Indian words of giving a white neighbor a power of at the innocence of Mossuck, and the liquid sound which remain forever at torney to take care of his land in his chaplain and officers of the State Prison tached to the places where the red man absence. Just before he returned, his giving him a good character, he was lived : Pequabuck, the clear, open pond ; trusted agent sold the land, pocketed pardoned. He died in our poorhouse Quinnipiack, the long-water land; and the proceeds, and went west. Passing on the 19th of October, 1883. Tunxis Sepus, by the bend of the over twenty years of his uneventful life So c ame to an ignoble end a race river.

A F ARMINGTON DAISY F1ELD. 66 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

0^^T W V.RE were two botanists who ./ -4 mortified the spirit by trying II L to make money in Wall street. They b ecame acquainted with each other, these two gray- haired old botanists, and they projected a trip to Kentucky to see a very rare plant that was only found in that state. When t hey had arrived in this little town in Kentucky, one of these gray- haired botanists was taken so sick it seemed that he was about to die. "Dear friend," said he to the other botanist, " go out into the f1elds and search for the plants." The friend searched and found, and returned with several of the precious herbs. " L et me feel of them," said the sick botanist. " Yes, they arc all right ; how beautiful they arc." His eye brightened and he sat up in bed. " Friend Horace," said he, "arc they far from here?" " Quite near," said the other. " Friend Horace, if I could lean on your arm I might be able to reach the spot, and there is a wheelbarrow below." In a s mall clearing in the middle of Kentucky were two old men, talking, gesticulating, seated in the field. The rare plants nodded their flowers on THE W ALKING FERN (C'amp1aior1M Rhysophyllut). every side. It was a complete cure. We do not pretend to claim that find ing rare plants will cure every ill, but it is hard for most ills to keep up with the collector of ferns. For his path will be through the woods and swamps, and high up where the Rut a Muraria hangs out its frail fronds from the face of the trap ledges. Almost every spe cies of fern that is found in New F.ng- land can be secured in Farmington, and there are several places where the Ophioglossum holds court, and certain sandstone ledges where the Camptos- nrus Rhynophyllus (the walking fern) hangs down its long megatherium nose exactly as it did in the early times of the world. The aristocratic Aspidiums and Aspleniums and the stately Osum- udas, the frail Dicksonias, they are in our woods and fields, and thousands of polypodies, and Asplenium Tricho- manes and Ebeneums grow among the rocks. We will not name them all this time, although it would please us im mensely. Among t he interesting things in Mrs. Keep's school is the collection of native birds, or rather the birds that visit THE H EKON FAMILY Of FARMINGTON. Farmington. There are three large 'The B ird Pietures fur this artie1e were made from specimens in the eo1leetion at Miss cases, two holding the large birds, the Porter's Sehool — by permission of Mrs, K. P. Keep. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. big h erons, the hawks and owls, and the others filled with sparrows and warb lers. The large heron in the picture was collected on the Farmington mead ows. It is a shame to kill these big herons, but they are so large they excite the ambitions of the gunners. The n ight heron at the right of the picture is known by the long feather hanging from the back of its head. The night heron is more often heard than seen. In the night time his qua! qua ! may often be heard as he flies from one pond to another. The bittern, the second bird from the left, is not often seen, but the green heron at the ex treme left of the picture is often seen poking around the edge of a pond. These herons, the green and the night heron, nest in colonies and they have a habit of throwing up their food, or rc- FSOMF, O THt: FARMINGTON WISE ONES.

A G ROUP OK FARMINGTON HAWKS. gurgita1ting a ll over the adventurous boy who is trying to rob the nests. The o wls in this picture comprise about all of our Farmington owls. The largest, the great horned owl. is met with rarely. We once saw one on the bank of the river as we floated by in a canoe. The next largest are the barred owls. These in the picture are a pair, " and are not separated in death." These barred owls are without ears and are the only owls with brown eyes. The next smallest is the lung- eared owl and then comes the common screech owl. This last named owl varies in its coloration so much it was formerly divided into three different species. The smallest is the saw whet owl, called from its cry which resem bles the filing of a saw. All t hese owls fly so softly, and ex cept for the occasional hooting are so HEWFROM T OODS. 68 F A RM INGTON, CON NECTICUT, enoiseless, w hardly realize how many the r ight is the (Bob White) quail. ewinter h comes about the farms beg there are about us. We used to hear them in the neighbor ging for a few grains of corn. The h awks in the picture, beginning ing lots before our wealthy residents Next c omes the woodcock. I sup at the right, are, first, the red-tailed hawk. shampooed the fields and turned them pose his eyes are set in the back of The upper part of the tail is a deep into golf links. The second bird from his head so that they may not get in cinnamon red. This hawk is quite im the right is the ruffed grouse, a noble the mud as he rummages in the swamps posing. He sails around in great cir bird, and notwithstanding there are and also so that he may see his cles, narrowing more and more, and often more hunters than birds, some enemies. ( I wonder game birds don't finally catches a mouse or a squirrel. manage to survive. When the hunters have eyes in the back of their heads The s econd from the right is the red get through with these birds the winter like school teachers.) A little more shouldered hawk. This is quite a com descends on them and tries its best evolution and the birds will arrive mon hawk ahout Farmington. The to exterminate them. there. I have a friend who has eyes third from the right is the marsh hawk. This s enseless treatment of the game like a woodcock, and when he rides T his is the hawk that we sec sailing birds has driven away half a dozen of in the ears he can look out of the over the meadows about dusk. It de our birds, which, with a little reason windows on both sides of the car stroys immense quantities of mice. It able treatment, might have filled the without turning his head. It was a is a very graceful hawk and goes woods to overflowing and given every irrcat convenience to him when travel through wonderful changes in color one a chance to cat a game bird now ing rapidly through Italy. He looks from youth to old age. beginning life and then without great loss to the not unlike a woodcock. But he has a deep chestnut the first years and fmal woods. studied art and was a fine sculptor and ly turning a light blue gray towards its The t hird to the right is the crow, a modelled in clay instead of poking in later life. The next hawk is the gos beautiful and much abused bird. We the mud like a woodcock. hawk, a powerful hawk. Last of all. treat him as though he were a China fLast o all is the wood duck. We counting from the right, is the cooper man. Underneath is the crow's rela see it along the borders ol s1rea ns hawk. This is the worst of the whole tive, the blue jay. He is beautiful, al in summer. The variety of nature is crowd as far as chickens are concerned. though a little coarse. After his long astonishing. Some days the Lord must These little folk are so assertive. summer killing little birds and sucking have been in a jocose humor and again The l ast group of birds are a few of eggs and imitating the hawks, in the in a grimly, dramatic state of mind. our most common birds. Beginning at —. R B. B.

THE M ILKY WAV, THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 69

THELD O GATE ( MEMESTO MORI).

ISTORS t o our ancient town These f rail memorials changed with globe, e mblem of divinity, the words not unfrequently return from the varying fashion of the day from MEMENTO MORI. Monuments are their wanderings with many in the rough stone bearing only the erected to the memory of four of the quiries about the old cemetery initial letters of the names of the dead pastors of the church, to Rev. Samuel they have discovered on the to that peculiar form we find in every Hooker the second pastor, Rev. Samuel east side of the main street, a short dis old cemetery, the inscription decorated Whitman the third, Rev. Timothy Pit tance south of the church. by precisely the same side border and kin the fourth, and Rev. Joseph Wash 1e h ground was set apart for burial surmounted by the same strangely burn the sixth, who was buried at sea. purposes at three separate times. The sculptured cherub. This variety seems The oldest stone having a date stands central portion was in use in February, 1o have had a common origin to which on the north side of the ground close 1665. or twenty-five years after the much research has not revealed the to the fence, and bears the inscription settlement of the town, and bow much clue. The hour-glass and scythe, SS : B earlier is unknown. A path led to it crossbones, grinning skulls and other N o 8 from the highway through land added ghastly symbols of death you will not 1685 The n ext oldest reads by the town in 1692 by purchase from find here, but instead the hopeful though A S Joseph Barnes. The eastern half acre grotesque emblems of a life beyound toe A G B 26 in the rear was sold to the Ecclesiasti grave. A favorite form of decoration 16 88 cal Society in 1797, by Corral Case. was that of a coffin from which the Next after which comes Here for two centuries our fathers spirit rises as a flame. The frailty of SITG : A buried their dead, borne hither on the life was symbolized by a leaf or a 55 U SED village bier, the bell tolling a solemn feather. 18.7. 1689 knell as the bearers ascended the nar There h ave been no interments in From this last inscription we learn row path and left their loved ones the cemetery for many years, and it that Stephen Hart, son of Deacon where now presents much the same appearance Stephen, aged 55, deceased on the 18th -Their n ame, their years, spelt by that it did fifty years ago. Former resi day of September, 1689. Also a stone the u nlettered muse. dents in our village who return to visit inscribed The place of fame and elegy supply, the scenes of their childhood will miss 1733 And many a holy text around she most of all the old gateway of Egyptian S H strews, architecture, modeled after that of the A G 72 That t each the rustic moralist to in New Haven, informs u s that Stephen Hart, son of die!" substituting, however, for the winged the last named Stephen, died in 1733, 70 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

*Here l ies intcrrd ye Body of ye Revd. Mr. Samuel Whitman, ye late Learned and Pious Pastor of ye 1st church in Farmington who departed this life July ye: 31st A. Dn1 1751 in ye 75th: year of his age Here a lso lies interred ye Body of Mrs. Sarah Whitman, ve pious consort &, Relict of ye Rev. Mr. Samuel Whitman who departed this life Sept. 10th 1758, in ye 79th year of her Age. Rev. Samuel Hooker. The Second Minister of Farmington Died in the 37th year of his Pastorate Nov. 6, 1697, aged about 64 years. He was the Son of Rev. Thomas Hooker The First Minister of Hartford. His widow Mary Willett Hooker married Rev. Thomas Buckingham of Norwalk, Conn., died Tunc 24th 1712, and was there buried. This monument is erected by his FiGRAVES O REV. SAMUEL WHITMAN (to the 1eft) AM) REV. SAMUEL HOOKER (to descendants in 1895. right).

IN " THE OLD CEMETERY. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 7l

FGRAVE O MR. DANIEL CRIDLEY (Sotr ra>tolu head on ilmr).

aged 7 2. On the north side of the path, not far from the entrance to the cemetery, a stone is erected "In memory of Mr. Matthias Leaming Who hars gott Beyond the reach of Parcecusion. The life of man is Vanity." He was one of the unfortunate men who, in the Revolutionary war, did not fight on the winning side. Near t he street, and consequently on the west side of the ground, a stone marks the last resting place of Shem, the son of Noah. Not to claim too

TnIE " OOWLES" SECTION.

! " HOOKER" SECTION.

GRAVEF O MR. MATHIAS LEAMING, A TORY.

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 73

great a ntiquity for our ancient burial ground, it is proper to state that Shcm M was a negro, and tradition, whether as a witticism or a sneer, tells us that our Mere L le^hlntep,rIfheBody'^. colored brethren were here interred, so that on the Resurrection day, when i o fMR5 Phkbe Gay. all the dead arose and faced the east, Ie h Amiable Consort of they would remain in the rear of the great congregation. This must take Frsher G ay Es^ rank with the remark made me by a was the Crown and learned divine, in the spirit of the author of Hudibras, that our forefathers in f Delig-hr of her Hatband pure contrariness buried their dead in „'i tohep sex an Orn<=.rn>nt. ;,N this ancient ground in a direction op -. A benevolent FrfW v an. posed to the ritual of their ancestors. Exemplary ChrSf ian:Livt Greatly itsired s , din Kqu»ly Lamented on t Kb of Octr./yyi. Jn,fh Tearf o

GRAVEF O MRS. PHEBE GAY.

On t he contrary, in probably every old cemetery in New England, they inva riably placed the headstone facing the highway, that its inscription might be read by the passing traveller, and the footstone directly behind it. caring little whether the rising or the setting sun shone on the memorial of the dead; for they believed in their simple faith, that through the almighty power of God "the hour is coming, in the which all that are in the graves shall hear his voice, and shall come forth ; they that have done good unto the resurrection of life: and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damnation." Jul1us G av.

FGRAVE O MRS. MARTHA MIX— (Notice luttin earved on stone). 74 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

The f ollowing epitaphs appear in the "old cemetery" : In m emory of Rev. Joseph Washburn A.M. For ten years pastor of t he Church of Christ in Farmington Over which he was ordained May 7, 1795 He died at sea on his passage to Charlestown, S. C. Dec. 25, 1805, Aged 39.

GRAVE O H' DR. THOMAS MATHER.

As a p reacher earnest, serious, instructive. As a p astor faithful and affectionate, unwearied i n love, hlameles i n life, and of winning manners. He was loved and revered by and honored of God in turning many to righteousness.

Sarah. E Tuthill 1830-1882 B uried at Greenport L. I. Erected by her pupils.

ANLD O LEE GRAVE. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 75

Rev. S amuel Hooker In The S econd Minister of Farmington Memory o f XTbe < 3b08t. Diedn i the 37th year of his Nodiah Bird Pastorate N ov. 6, 1697 — aged who was killed HEA N T early part of the cent- about4 6 years. He was by an insane person ury which has just closed, the s on of Rev. Thomas Hooker May 17, 1835. much Farmington capital was The F irst minister of Hartford. invested in commercial enter His w idow Mary Willett I looker This m onument prises. The ships were wont to married Rev. Thomas Buckingham touch first at the islands of the South Pa of Norwalk Conn, Died June 24th is erected by filial 1~1-i, and was there buried. affection in memory of the cif1c and taking on board a cargo of seal skins, to sail thence to Canton and Cal This monument is erected by his Rev. T imothy Pitkin, descendants in rt'oj. who died July 8, 18n : cutta, where the furs were exchanged in the 86th year of his age. for teas, silks, nankeens, and for china- Sarah., A ware marked in gold with the names of Daughter of He w as Pastor of the Church of Christ families who could afford such luxuries. Solomon & in Farmington thirty-three years. For One of their captains was Ebenezer Mix, Mary E. Cowles want of health he was then dismissed commonly known as Captain Eb. He Died Oct 19, 1853 from his Pastoral relation and lived the was a son of "Squire Mix," one of the Aged5 2 years. rest of his days in retirement. .He was old time worthies of the town, whose There is a calm for a faithful affectionate evangelical and house still stands close to the old bury Those who weep, distinguished Minister of the Gospel. He ing ground on the south, a position A rest for weary pil died in the delightful hopes of a glo peculiarly favorable for ghostly adven grims found; rious imortality enjoying the support of tures. It was a time when all men be They softly lie, and that Religion that he had Preached lieved, not only that the dead lived in Sweetly s leep, "Precious i n the eyes of the Lord is a future state, but that they could re Low in the ground the d eath of his saints." turn in ghostly forms to the place of their sepulture as a warning to the On a d ouble stone is the following : — living. In memory of sSailors a wont to be superstitutious. Gideon Cowles Whene w approach the sunset of our Their lonely lives on the mighty ocean who died Oct. 1st lives, and the long shadows and the fosters the feeling. A ghost had been A.D. 1802, in the chill of the dew warns that the night seen several times in the old burying 55th year of is approaching we begin to be more in ground, and Captain Eb was not sur his age. terested in that place, where we shall prised, when, looking from his chamber In memory of lay our useless body after the life has window one dark night, he saw a tall Eunice, Relict of form clothed all in white and having fled. Sometimes it seems as though it two great white wings which it waved Gideon Cowles, were better to give over the old husk who died Nov. 26 at intervals in a ghostly fashion. of the soul to the God of Fire, that Captain Eb shouted to the apparition to A.D. 1802 in the he may devour it utterly but there 55th year be gone, but it moved not. He then stands the patient earth, and seems to of her age. proceeded to exorcise it with the rich say "did I not give you this body, and expletives which sailors are wont to Sacred t o the memory of is it not right that you should return bring home from lands beyond the sea. Mrs. Belinda Norton, consort it again to me?" The waving of the ghostly wings of Mr. Romanta Norton, Ase w walked through the "old Farm was the only reply. As a last resort who died in child-bed, ington cemetery," there were many Captain Eb seized an old queen's arms, Feby 20th A.D. 1792, in the epitaphs where the touch of grief has well loaded, which had seen service in 22nd year of her age. not faded although a hundred years or Revolutionary days, and taking deliber This monument is erected so have gone by. After reading the ate aim at the ghost, blazed away. by her affectionate husband. words of praise on most of the stones, When the smoke disappeared the ghost If conjugality, fidelity, we were impressed to find a lonely was no longer to be seen. The next innocence & youth little stone on the grave of a young wo morning, when the sun lighted up the could have arrested man, and into the lines of the name a scene of the midnight encounter, there the shafts of death, lichen had grown of a color that was appeared one of the tall white slabs Surely Belinda had not died like old gold. It was as though nature Ichabod Porter Norton which were just beginning to take the wanted to give her quiet tribute to the place of the old red gravestones, and died May 13, 1813 person beneath. There are moments Aged 21 years. at its foot lay the remains of Deacon when life seems long and almost hope Elijah Porter's old white goose. Siese mortal siese the transient hour, less and we look forward with almost a .J. G Improve each moment as it flies, longing to that fmal rest which will only Life's a short Summer, man a flow,r, be broken by the voice of God. These The " new cemetery" on Canal Street He dies, Alas how soon he dies. long lines of stones are like the backs contains many interesting memorials. Abigail P orter of books, with only the titles and the The monument erected in remembrance died Dec. 28, 1815 dates thereon, and yet we know that of The Tunxis Indians, has sculptured Aged6 7 years. if we could read them, they would be on one face Mrs. Sigourney's tribute to Lonely and painful was her bed, the most interesting of subjects, the the 'red man." A full description and Faith was her great support disappointments and aspirations of hu a picture of this monument appears else Converse with God her daily bread man lifes. where in this work, in Mr. Gay,s article His grace, her last resort. 76 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, on " The Tunxis Indians." Foonc, the The m emory of the soldiers who gave Pr1vates Mendi negro, who was drowned in the their lives for their country in the war W1ll1am H . Dutton "Center Basin," in 1841, is buried here, of the Rebellion is perpetuated by a Charles H. Rowe and the grave suitably marked. A shaft of Connecticut brown stone — in Surgeon i n I'. S. A. beautiful, though simple granite monu scribed ment shows the last resting place of They g ate their lives for and C ountry and Freedom. Ant1etam. T1mothv G ladd1ng Albert F. Thompson I I t gn Roper Albert S. Frost Sm1th S. Taylor How s !eep the brave who sink to rest. By all their country's wishes blest! W1nchester O1nVEV O DR. NOAH PORTER. Henry H art THE S OLDIER'S MONUMENT. John I. Hull Edward De Wolf Gettvsburg. James H. G1lbert Dr. N oah Porter, and the grave of Miss Erected George Sotherg1ll Sarah Porter is covered by a horizontal J uly A. I). 1872 slab of pure white marble simply Ti1 the memory of Fort W agner worded as follows: Volunteer Sold1ers Henry W arren Sarah Porter from this Village. Freder1ck Hooker Born George W. Osborn A ugust 16, 1813 Sergeants. James H. Skellev Died R1chard C owles February 1 7, 1900. Watson W. Whap1.es Stephen Durn1ng Jer1m1ah Kellev God, preserve the Nation in Peaee.

"AMONGHE T CEDARS" -A TYPICAL FARMINGTON WOODS. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 77

Jfantmujtmt i n IB3B.

This a rticle is reprinted entire from On t he east side of the east mountain, circular i n form. It was once probably the "Connecticut Historical Collections," opposite a peak called Rattlesnake an island in the center of a lake which by John Warner Barber, published in Hill, rises the Quinnipiac or North covered the whole of the present mead 1838. This work is probably the hest Haven River. The great flat, or nat ow.* known history ever published in the ural meadow, from the river westward, state. Its principal feature being a from 1Vj to miles broad, is alluvial, *These m eadows are now occasional 'a'oo(l cut showing the main part of a rich loam and sand, and is one of ly overflowed. During the freshet. every town in the state, from drawings the most fertile tracts in the state. February 14th, 1807, a cry of distress made by Mr. Barber "on the spot." and was heard by some persons on the while the work may not be accurate in Ie h above is a view of the central bank of the river. Pomeroy Strong and all of its statements it is most interest part of the village, showing the Con George Treadwell, went about five ing, and no historical library, no mat gregational and Methodist churches. o'clock P. M. in a canoe to relieve the ter how small, is considered complete The main street, on which they are sufferers. They proceeded to Round without a copy. built, extends about two miles from Hill, where they heard the cries of a north to south, on an elevated plain man named Bebe, to the northwest,

HE f 1rst settlers of Farmington from 50 to 75 feet above the level of where they found a span of horses and were from Hartford, being the river, the course of which is seen part of a wagon, and a man by the emigrants from Boston, New by the row of trees standing below the name of At water, in a bunch of wil ton, and Koxbnry, in Massa level of the houses. The New Haven lows, in the middle of a current, abou' chusetts. They began the set and Northampton Canal, passes be two rods from the shore; and with a tlement in 1640, being probably attracted tween the river and the houses, its good deal of difficulty they got Atwater at this early period by the fine natural course being elevated above the level into the canoe. As they were passing meadows upon the Tunxis or Farming- of the river. There are about one hun a tree, Atw ter in a fright seized one ton river. The town was incorporated dred handsome dwelling houses within of the branches ; in doing this he over in 1645, The land was purchased of the limits of something more than a set the boat. He succeeded in climb the Tunxis tribe of Indians, which was mile, some of which are elegant edif1ces. ing the tree, while the others swam to a numerous and warlike tribe, by The Academy in the village, and the the hill where they called for help. eighty-four proprietors, and divided by Methodist Church, (recently erected.) About o o'clock Dr. Eli Todd, William them and their heirs according to their both -sand near the Congregational Hill and Joel Warner manned a canoe, respective interests. The township at Church, The above view was and alternately drawing and navigating the time of its incorporation was f1fteen taken from Round Hill, a singular ele it, reached the hill. After a number of miles square*. Since this perio I five vation in the meadows, about half a attempts to relieve Atwater, a bridge new towns have been formed from it, mile distant from the main street. I his of ice was formed from the tree to the viz. : Southington, Berlin, Bristol, Bur hill is a natural curiosity ; it covers shore on which he was enabled to pass. lington, and Avon. The present length about 12 acres; it rises abruptly to the Todd, Hill and Warner sailed in the of Farmington is seven and one-half height of about 60 feet, and is nearly course of the road, northwest in search miles from north to south, and averages upwards of four in breadth. The town is situated principallv between two mountainous ridges which stretch frotr N.N.E. to S.S.W.. indented by vallies; the mean distance between the moun tains is about four miles. The easi mountain, on the base of which tl village is built, presents a mural front to the west, and has two convenient passes through it ; the road to Hartfor passing through the north, and the road to Middlctown passing through the south pass, distant from each other about four miles. The Farmington river, about 45 yards wide, enters through the west mountain from the northwest, and runs southeast to the central part of the town, where meeting the east mountain, it turns to an ac- cute angle, and runs northward through the town, parallel with the mountain. FARMINGTON F ROM "ROUND HILL," REPRODUt 'ED FROM BARBER,8 HISTORICAL *Pease and Niles Gazetteer. COLLECTIONS OF CONNECTICUT, PUBLISHED IN 1837. 78 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, of B ebe ; they found the current so ignate h ouses to be fortified against hatchets. I n 1763 the number of In rapid that they were obliged to return them. It appears that seven such houses dians was about 100, a considerable without effecting their object, though were used for that purpose. The doors number having removed in a body to they came within speaking distance, were made of double plank, united by Stockbridge, Mass., and another divi and exhorted him to be silent through nails driven closely together, so as to sion of them have since removed to that the night, except when they should call prevent their being cut through by place., to him; his cries before had been dis tinctly heard through the town for near ly three miles in length ; he remained on a cake of ice about two rods in length, throughout the night. At f irst dawn of day the people as sembled ; a flat-bottomed boat was pro cured, and manned by Erastus Gay, Timothy Root, Jr.. Timothy Cowles, RIVALS— I N BUSINESS ONLY Sidney Wadsworth and Henry Wood ruff, who relieved Bebe from his peril ous position, and brought the others on shore. At t he first settlement of the town. Round Hill was fixed on as a central point of departure in all measurements in laying out the divisions of laud. The t own is bounded N. by Avon, E. by Hartford and Berlin, W. by Bristol and Burlington, and S. by Southington. The central part is about 10 miles west from Hartford. The number of inhabitants is about 2.000, and has not varied much in the last thirty years. The f irst minister in this place was Roger Newton, settled in 1647-8 and who officiated nine years, and then re moved to Milford. The second was Samuel Hooker, who was ordained in 1658. and died in 1697. Samuel Whit man was ordained the next minister in 1706. He officiated 45 years, and died DELIVERY T EAM OF ERASTUS GAY. in 1751. The next year Timothy Pit kin, from East Hartford was ordained, he officiated until 1785, and was then dismissed at his own request. He was succeeded by Allen Olcott, in 1787. who in 1795 was succeeded by Joseph Wash burn. This t own has at present a school fund, besides what is received from the State, amounting to nearly $10,000, the annual interest of which is applied to the payment of teachers. In 1695-6 the town voted a certain sum for the sup port of a teacher for half a year, and in the directions to the committee for procuring one, a clause was added, 'that he should be so gifted as to be able occasionally to step into the pulpit," 'The n ative Indians must have been very numerous, in and about the town when the first settlers arrived. The hunting grounds and fishing places were peculiarly attractive. Their bury ing grounds were on two sandy hills, one on the west side of the great mead ow, and one on the east, and near the center of the present village. In ex cavating the canal, many of their bones were discovered, and some domestic articles, as cups, &c. In 1691 a com mittee was chosen by the town, to des .F. L SCOTT'S DELIVERY TEAM. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 79

Muchf o the beauty of Farmington is eminently q ualified for the work of the Deacon S imeon Hart was born in made by its natural features, its moun Gospel ministry." Those "gifts and Burlington, Nov. 17, 1795, and gradu tains and river. But like so many New qualifications" were signally shown dur ated at Yale College in the class of 1823 England villages, it is the men and wo ing the sixty years of his ministry, not His life,s labor was that of a school men that make the real character of the only in his church and town, but also teacher, first of district schools, then as towns. As generation after generation throughout the state and denomination. principal of the Farmington Academy passes, it begins to be realized that cer His s on, who was born in 181 1, in from 1823 to 1835, and finally until his tain individuals — a deacon, a minister, Farmington, has linked the name of this death. April 30. 1853, as principal of a a school teacher, a fanner, or a doctor — town with the fame of the great univer boarding school for boys. He was a have unselfishly kept the towns pointed sity which is known wherever educa most delightful and successful instruc toward healthy and lofty ideals. These tion and civilization extend, He died tor, honored and reverenced by all who are the heroes whose deeds are unre in 1 89 2. came under his care. He was also the corded (except in our hearts), who have Miss S arah Porter* principal founder and first treasurer of been the back bone of New England, the Farmington Savings Bank. His pet of the west and ultimately of the world. *Sec t he article on "Miss Porter's School." diversion was agriculture, born with his No m atter how hard the conditions reading of Virgil, and stimulated by of life may have been these ancestors John T readwell Norton was born the unbounded enthusiasm of his early have always stood by education, and in April 28, 1795, and, like a surprising pupil. Prof. John Pitkin Norton. turn education has stood bv them. number of the more distinguished of Farmington. like all college towns, has his townsmen, was descended from one Elijah L ewis was born in Granby had a peculiar literary life of its own. of the settlers known as the "Seven And over everything and through every Pillars." While a young man he en Conn., in 181 1, and came to Farming- thing, as the Indian Summer light gaged in mercantile and other business ton at the age of 11 years. He was a bathes everything in a golden hue, has in Albany, amassing for those days a pupil of Deacon Simeon Hart. For a been the quiet but powerful influence large fortune, and was a president of the time he sold clocks in the Adirondacks of such men and women as Deacon New York Central Railroad of that time and Canada during the winter, then Simeon Hart, and Miss Sarah Porter. Not long after 1830 he removed the lit was a farmer in this town until his These pictures, and the list is necessa tle red house of his grandfather, Gov. death. He was one of the party in the rily incomplete, represent every many ac Treadwell, and, building a new house first canal boat that sailed through the tivities of life. The loved and respected more retired from the main road, turn Farmington Canal. The cupboard is preachers, the faithful doctors and ed acres of waste land into beautiful still in existence which Mrs. Lewis filled teachers, the musicians and the public lawns and gardens. His few leisure with pies for that memorable occasion. and private characters are all good men hours were largely devoted to the pub and true. lic good. Helping provide a site for Erastus S cott. the grandson of the We o ften wonder if our own genera Miss Porter's school, and, with the late tion will be able to fill the places of these grandson of Edmund Scott, one of the James Cowles, Esq., establishing the settlers of the town, was born Nov. 6 worthies. We feel pretty sure they will waterpower which brings prosperity to not in the same way but in other ways, 1787. His house still stands on the land Unionville, were among the enterprises belonging to his Edmund. He and we all believe that the influence of which prospered in his hands. Of com the really good and unselfish never dies. was unusually prominent in the public manding presence and address, and of life of the village, filling the offices of genial manners, he was conspicuous in First Selectman, First Assessor, Collec Rn: N oah Porter, D.D.; Rev. Noah all assemblies. He died June 13. 1860. tor of Taxes, and Constable for a long Porter, D.D., LL.D., President of Yale term of years, indeed his patriarchal Edward, s on of John T. Norton, Esq., University; Miss Sarah Porter. A town sway embraced pretty much all matters would be counted fortunate which was was born in Albany, February 12, 1823, of public utility. His popularity was un the birthplace and residence of any one and died in this town April 8, 1804. He bounded and needed no help from the graduated from Yale College in the of the above named persons. Farming- ways of modern politicians. He was ton is thrice blest. Dr. Porter was born class of T844. After several years of universally known and addressed as and largely educated in this town, and business life in Albany, employed in Capt. Scott, a title more valued in the railroad matters and in stove manufac was gladly called at the age of twenty- olden time than that of any doctorate f1ve to the pastorate of its church in turing, he returned to his old home in whether of laws, theology or philosophy. 1806. The reasons assigned for the Farmington about 1857. Here he de He died June 28, 1873. call are that "this society, from personal voted himself to stock raising, especially acquaintance with Mr. Noah Porter, Jr., of alderneys, and established the first being one of us, and from sufficient ex creamery of the state. He was an This s ketch written by Mr. Julius perience of his ministerial gifts and authority on entomology, and rendered Gay appeared in a scries of articles in qualifications, are satisfied that he is valuable assistance to the public library. the Farmington Magazine. 80 F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT,

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 8I

Egbert C owles, great grandson of the Sept. 1 0, 1813, and graduated at Wil the P orter Seminary. Maj. Cowles was grandson of John Cowles, a f1rst set liams College in 1833. He was pastor a broad minded, large hearted man. tler of the town, and one of the "Seven of Congregational churches in Norwich Many a poor family would witness to Pillars of the church," was born April Conn., Homer, N. Y., and Ellington, his large benevolence. He loved to see 4, 1785. He was conspicuous in the Conn. In his later years he was emi his fellow men prosper in life and gave public life of the town, long a judge nently successful in raising funds for employment to very many laborers, al of probate, and filled the offices by which the Industrial School for Girls in Mid- lowing liberal wages to all. His valu be could be the most useful to his fel dletown, and for the Hampton Institute able life closed April 28, 1858, aged 74, low men. A town or society meeting in Virginia. He died in this village and a good man was at rest. The mem for a long series of years, which did not Jan. 18, 1894, and is buried in the new ory of the just is blessed. listen to his addresses of wisdom, was cemetery, which he had done much to unknown. H is knowledge of olden- enlarge and beautify. Mr. J ames Cowles, son of Elijah time life and affairs was exceptional Cowles, head of the noted firm of Elijah Closing his eyes, and abstracting him Mr. H enry Mygatt, a descendant of Cowles & Co., himself one of the self from all things present, he would Deacon Joseph Mygatt of Hartford, wealthiest men of the village, lived at pour forth the most minute and vivid ac the immigrating ancestor of the family, the corner of Main and New Britain count of his early days. The Ecclesias was born in Wethersficld, Jan. 27, 1804. Streets. His store was the brick build tical Society arranged for an appro Marrying, in 1830, a granddaughter of ing opposite. In the latter part of his priate celebration of his one-hundredth Capt. Judah Woodruff, the famous life he moved into the house built by birthday, but he passed away a few builder of this village, he built a house Gen. George Cowlcs and devoted him mon'hs before the arrival of the day on her ancestral estate just north of self to the development of his large the newly erected house of Mr. John holding of real estate in Unionville, es Samuel S mith Cowles was born in T. Norton. Here he died, Jan. 9. 1882. pecially of the water-power. He was Farmington, Dec. 9, 1814. At the age He was a farmer, and especially a horti a successful business man, conservative, of 17 he began learning the business of culturist. His recreation was music. caring little for theories and of great a printer in a book publishing concern For many years he played the flute in practical common sense. He was born at Windsor, Vt. In 1837 he was a the choir during the days when all April 17, 1795, and died November 20, journeyman printer in Boston. A year manner of orchestral instruments had 1858. later he began to edit and print the not given place to the organ. "Charter Oak," an anti-slavery paper in Mr. J ames Woodruff Cowlcs was a Hartford. He returned to his native Charles I .. Whitman was born May farmer and lived on the ancestral farm village in 184,5 an'I after the death of 26, 1827. He and his father for many on the west side of Main Street half way Deacon Simeon Hart, became the treas years kept a tavern in Farmington, in to Plainville. I lere he was born Au urer of the Farmington Savings Ban!: the days when there was much teaming gust 13, 1804, and here he died Novem which prospered greatly under his through this town. The place was fa ber 16, 1867. He will be remembered by management. In all public affairs, he mous in all the region, partly on ac most as one of the musicians of the vil was a firm and unwavering defender of count of Mrs. Whitman's excellent pies lage. He had a very pleasant tenor what he deemed the right. He died and cake. When one,s ancestors have voice and led sometimes the choir and Dec. 5. '87-,- been among those who serve the pub sometimes the old folks concert, then a lic with care and courtesy, it seems to Dr. A sahcl Thompson, descended from novelty. He was also a frequent de become second nature in the descen bater in the town meeting. the first settler, Thomas Thompson, one dants to be very polite. This might ex of the "Seven Pillars of the church," plain Mr. Whitman's genial manners, Thomas C owles was son of Zenas was born April 16. 170x1, and died May but I am inclined to believe it was Cowles, long years a merchant in the 2, 1866. After graduating at Yale in more a special goodness of heart. He store on the corner of Main Street and 1710 he was a private tutor in the fam was also for many years one of the di road to the railroad depot. He was a ily of Lawrence Lewis, Esq., nephew rectors of the bank and an appraiser. graduate of Yale College and added the of General Washington, at Woodlawn, practice of law to farming. Cowles was Va. In 1815 he studied medicine with John E dward Cowlcs was born No a man of fine personal appearance, a Dr. Fli Todd, and was a student in the vember 4, 1819, and died February 22, ready debater and a fluent speaker. He medical college in Xew Haven prepara 1898. Francis Winthrop Cowlcs was served in both branches of the General tory to his life work as physician of this born November 13. 1810, and died Assembly and was popular with his con village. He was conservative in his March 7. 1868. Their father, Martin, stituents. At one time he went into principles and taste. Dr. Johnson was kept a drug store, where stands Miss business in the State of Ohio, but in a his model of literary greatness, and Adgatc's summer house, or near there. few years returned to his native town, President Dwight his admiration in all They spent their lives as well-to-do where his later days were passed. His things. farmers in this village. son, Capt. William Sheffield Cowles of Dr. E dward IV. Carrington, a son the navy, now owns and occupies the Major T imothy Cowles was second Old Gate homestead on the corner. The of Allyn Carrington, was born in the son of Col. Isaac Cowles, wl1ose home year 1806, in Woodbridge, Conn., old store building is doing duty as a was where Anson Porter now resides. whence he came to Farmington in 1826 laundry for the ladies' seminary. His brothers were Esquire Horace, Thomas Cowles died October 22. 1884, From then until his death in 1852, he Capt. Richard, Solomon, 2d, and Sam served his town as physician. His aged 75 years. Elizabeth Sheffield, his uel Hooker. The last named was a wife, died on the 20th two days before. portrait was taken from an old minia Yale graduate and died in his young ture and represents Dr. Carrington as So in death they were not divided. One manhood, greatly respected. The busi funeral for both. he looked when he f1rst came to Farm ness life of Maj. Timothy was passed ington. in farming. He builded the well-known Royal A ndrews was the fifer for the Rev. T homas Kendall Fessendcn, son Stone Store which was destroyed by Putnam Phalanx for between forty and of Joseph and Sibyl Jane (Holbrook) fire July 21, 1864. He also owned the fifty years. He was born November 2, Fessendcn, was born in Brattleboro, Vt , large hotel building, now the place of 1807. 82 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 83 Deacon W illiam Gay was for fully Greek, r eading the Greek Testament years M r. Williams started a stone and twenty-five years a deacon in the church, with great pleasure during the remain and for all his active life was one of lumber yard in Plainville. The rasing der of his life. From the medical school canal was then in operatlon and canal Farmington,s most capable business men. of Bowdoin he returned to Canterbury. boats James Hillhouse, No. I. and He was president of the savings bank In the last year and a half of the Civil Henry Farnam carried passengers, and treasurer of the town through the War he was physician and surgeon in wood and produce to New Haven, load trying years of the war. He died Feb one of the hospitals of Washington. He ing with groceries and pine lumber on ruary 27, 1889, at the age of 84. came to Farmington about 1835 and in return trips. The stone and lumber 1837 married Julia M. Strong. He was Gen. G eorge C olelcs, was the son of yard was on the margin of the canal a strenuous believer in abstinence from basin where, near by, was the Timothy Gen. Solomon Cowles, a colonial of alcoholic drink and also in anti-slavery f1cer. The house with pillars, now the Steele Tavern. Mr. Wiliams was lead when both beliefs were unpopular. He er of the church choir in Farmington residence of James L. Cowles, was built died in 1878. for George by his father, Solomon. For for many years. In 181 4 he was very efficient in caring for the Mendi Afri a long time a sign was upon the front Leonard W inship, a cabinetmaker in of his store then standing where the cans. The business at the stone store Farmington for forty-four years, was was transferred to Cowles & Rowe D. R. Hawley house now is. The sign born in Hartford in 1793 and died in read : George Cowles, drugs and medi in 1836, Mr. Williams having organized cines. The store continued a great 1872. All the mahogany work of the a company (Williams, Camp & Abbe) many years under his management. Congregational Church was done by and opened a wholesale store for the him. While he was working there a Farmington then contained very many sale of dry goods in New York city, so military men of high rank in office. It man from Macon, Ga„ so much admired several of our former residents left the was Col. George Cowles then, after the railing and pulpit work that he or quiet country place for the activities and ward a Brigadier, then Major General, dered a similar set for a church in Ma bustle of the city. Mr. Williams was in the highest office in the militia of the con. This order was filled and the work infirm health for a considerable period State. The General was greatly re done by Timothy Porter of Farmington. and died December 18, 1885, at the age spected by his fellow citizens and justly, There are many houses in town pos of 80 years. as indeed, he was a courteous gentle sessing pieces of furniture made by Mr. Winship of which they are justly proud. John. S Rice was born April 5, 1816. man of the olden time and a very capa and died May 10. 1885. He had been ble military officer. His death occurred The mahogany doors in the A. D. Vorce house were made by him. judge of probate in New Haven and January 7, 1860, aged 80 years. was in the State Legislature before com Augustus W ard was born December Hon. J ohn Hooker was born April ing to Farmington. None of us can 4, 181 1. and died April 6, 1883. son of 19. 1816. His early life was spent in forget Judge Rice, with his long white Comfort and Plumea Ward. He was a Farmington. While residing in his na hair and heard. Walking among the merchant in New Britain in its earlier tive town he was ever forward in all en shadows of the large trees near his days. Marrying a daughter of Mr. Seth terprises calculated to promote the wel house, with cloak and cane, one was Cowles in 1840, he removed to this vil fare of society, and the best interest of reminded of the stories of an elderly lage and built a new house on the site his fellow men. He died February, 1901. baron on his estates. I once had some of the old Cowles mansion. He was a papers drawn up by the Judge about a Samuel D oning in his time was one transfer of property. When I wished farmer, but had much to do with the of the staunch citizens of this favored Farmington Savings Bank after its or to pay, he replied in his large manner, town. His occupation was farming as "I am not practicing law now, hut I ganization in 1851, being one of its most he had a large landed estate. The able and efficient directors. am always happy to be of any assistance building now a postoffice was built by to my Farmington friends." He was Deacon E dward Lucas Hart, nephew him, and for a period of time he en always active in affairs of the town. gaged in trade with H. L. Bidwell, the of Deacon Simeon, was born in East Hon. C hauncey Rowe. the subject of Haven, December 31, 1813, and died in firm being Bidwell & Deming. The building was afterward occupied as a this sketch, was horn in Farmington, this town May 15, 1876. He graduated March 17. 181 5, Concerning his boy at Yale College in 1836, and after teach tenement. Mr. Deming was an officer on the staff of Gen. George Cowles (a hood days there is little known, but that ing in New Haven and Berlin became he attended the common school of the associate principal in his uncle's school brother-in-law). He took a lively in terest in the affairs of the Mendi Afri in this village. He was a successful and inspiring teacher, much beloved by all cans, whose school room was the up who were favored by his friendship. He per portion of his stare building. Mr. was for many years a director in the Deming served at times as magistrate Farmington Savings Bank. and was a fearless defender of what he considered right. His age at the time Winthrop U 'adsacorth was born in of his death was 73 years, which oc 1812 and was for twenty-seven years curred the 28th of April. 1871. first selectman of the Town of Farm ington. This is the longest term which Austin F . Williams was born in East has ever been served by any man in the Hartford in 1805. Coming to Farming- State of Connecticut. He also repre ton as a young man he engaged as sented Farmington for six years in the clerk in the drug store of Gen. George legislature, He died in 1891. Cowles and was afterward a partner, the f1rm being Cowles & Williams. Dr. C hauncey Brown was born in When the stone store was completed Canterbury, Conn. He went to Brown Williams & M.vgatt (Henry Mygatt) town a nd later the "Academy" or University for one year and then to occupied it as a general store, stocked Simeon Hart's School must be surmised, Union College, whence he was gradu with dry goods, groceries and various as all who knew him arc willing to ac ated with honor. He was a student of goods sold in country stoces. In after cord him a high place in erudition as 84 F ARMINGTON'. CONNECTICUT,

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 85 evidenced b oth in his conversations and which w ere freely offered by numerous for h im, on each recurring anniversary writings. venders. Mr. Rowe was a member of of decoration day, to share his grief At t he age of twenty-one, in the year thc Harrison Veterans, being one of with others in making a public address, of 1836, he engaged in business in the the oldest representatives of that body, filled with the great sorrow through "Old Stone Store," formerly standing and he took great pride in recalling in which the nation had passed. on the site now occupied by the present cidents of that famous "wide awake" The l ast years of his life were spent Congregational parsonage, with Chaun- campaign. He voted in sixteen Presl in pleasant walks about the town, mak cey Deming Cowles, who subsequently dential elections, his last vote having ing visits on neighbors and in social entered the ministry of the Congrega been cast for President McKinley. intercourse with all, who have only the tional Church. His place was taken by The R ev. Noah Porter married kindest remembrances of their friend the father of the young divine, the new Chauncey Rowe and Susan Dickenson and neighbor. — A. R. Wadsworth in firm being composed of Mr. Rowe and Oct. 9th, 1839. Mr. Rowe was very Farmington, Magazine, April, 1&92. Major Timothy Cowles. This partner domestic in his habits and the family ship continued for twenty years and was ties and affection were more strongly George W oodruff, the youngest son a particularly pleasant and prosperous marked and developed in his character of Major Ozem and Martha Scott business venture. than in that of most men. Two sons, Woodruff, was born Jan. 23, 1819. He No b etter evidence of the popularity Charles H. and George, were his only resided all of his life on the farm where and esteem of the young merchant by children, George dying at the age of his ancestors had lived as far back as his fellow townsmen is afforded than the 18 years. Charles, who graduated from the family can be traced. To the sturdy fact that at the age of thirty-two he was Yale College in 1862 and the medical uprightness of character inherited from chosen to represent his native town in department in 1864, was appointed as Puritan ancestors he added a kindliness 1847, considered a mark of rare dis sistant surgeon of the Eighteenth Con tinction in those days, when so many necticut, of which ex-Governor P. C. prominent families had candidates for Lounsbury was a member ; later he was this position which had been honored appointed* surgeon of the Seventeenth by some of the most illustrious names United States Infantry and was trans in the history of the State. Speaker ferred to Texas, where he fell a victim Foster of this session was in the United to the yellow fever scourge in Galves States Senate during the Civil War, ton, in September, 1867, at the age of and the President of that body during 26 1-2 years. This was so great a blow the impeachment trial of President An to the affectionate father that he ever drew Johnson. Chas. Chapman was a afterward bore the marks of a deep member from Hartford and William grief, and would be moved to tears in W. Eaton was in the House from Tol recalling the memorv of his soldier son. land. Mr. Rowe was re-elected in 1848 The l oss of his wife a few years later, and again five years afterward in the added to loss of business, filled his cup session of 1853. He further served in of grief and sorrow to overflowing. His the House of 1860 and 1879. He was mental balance for a time was threat of s pirit that made him beloved by all elected to the Senate in 1854 ,and was ened, hut the later years of his life saw wl1o knew him. His staunch loyalty to Chairman of the Committee on Educa his mind and cheerfulness greatly re the church of which he was a member tion. It can be said of Mr. Rowe that stored, and he was regarded by all his and whose, services he attended with he filled all the positions of legislative townsmen with a deep and sincere affec great regularity during his long life, trust and responsibility in a faithful, tion. His mind was clear and his steps his pleasant smile and kindly word of painstaking and judicious manner, win were active until a week or two before greeting to those he met will be long ning thc friendship, conf1dence and es his death, which occurred on Dec. 1st, remembered by his friends. He died teem of his associates, reflecting credit 1901, at the ripe age of 86 years. in 1897. upon himself and honor to the town he Mr. R owe had many of the strong so many times represented. traits of character that stamp the New Rev. S amuel Hooker, the second pas Half a c entury or more ago Mr. Englander as a man of success. Early tor of the Church of Christ in Farming- Rowe Was identified with that famous thrown upon his own resources he ac ton, was installed in July, 1661, as the military organization known as the quired a good education for the time, successor of his brother-in-law, Rev. Farmington Grenadiers, holding a posi and reaching his majority formed a Roger Newton, who in September, 1657, tion as an officer high in command. Its partnership and actively undertook the had been dismissed with the intention principal duty was to meet on the management of a store, and identified of returning to England. Of the early "Green" on "training day" and there himself with the interests of the town. life of Mr. Hooker an account can be carefully execute the simple manual that This interest in the town he never re found in Sibley,s Harvard Graduates as had been drilled into the company since laxed until the day of his death, always full and accurate as the industry of its organization, which dated some time ready in town meeting or public place the learned librarian of Harvard Uni before or during the Revolution, and to advocate and uphold whatever he be versity could obtain ; how he studied at then to march in their inimitable man lieved to be for its best advantage. Dur that ancient seat of learning, paying his ner through the main street of the town ing the Civil War he was intensely loyal quarter bills in wheat, silver, pork, but to the music of 1ife and drum, which and patriotic in upholding the strong ter, rose-water, etc., as was the custom was played in true old Colonial style, arm of the Union, and aiding to the of the day ; how in November 27, 1654, and above which, it has been stated, best of his abilities the officers of the he was chosen a fellow of the college; the officers' commands could not be government in the discharge of their how the people of Springfield chose heard. Finally the Grenadiers disbanded duties ; and afterward he actively inter him for their pastor February 7, 1659, when the number marching was less ested himself in securing funds and which honor he declined ; how the year than the number of officers in command. erecting in the new cemetery a monu after his settlement here he was ap The rest of the day was given over to ment that bears on its sides the names pointed by the General Cou1t of Con sports of various kinds, and eating gin of the battles and the roll of honor of necticut one of a committee of four per gerbread and "training day cakes," our "soldier dead., It was an occasion sons "to go down to New Haven to 84 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

AUGUSTUS W ARD. EDWARD L . HART. WINTHROP W ADSWORTH. DR. (WAUNCEY BROWN. LEONARD WINSHIP. JOHN HOOKER. SAMUEL DEMING. AUSTIN F. WILLIAMS. JOHN S. RICE. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 87 treat w ith the gentlemen and others of and r ains righteousness upon them ; that church m eeting, and a lengthy code for our loving friends there ... re is, till he, by the efficacy of his al their decent hearing and settlement was specting an amicable union of the two mighty spirit, makes them a believing, spread on the record. The propriety colonies" ; and how the colony in 1667 sanctif1ed people." To which he adds : of the minister taking the guilty brother granted him 250 acres of land. Pres "If God rain not righteousness on you, before a town meeting and compelling ident Porter in his address of 1840 says : it may be expected that he will rain a confession was considered, together "He was, according to the testimony of something else. Seek this gentle rain with the course to be pursued should the Rev. Mr. Pitkin, 'an excellent preacher, that the storm of his wrath fall not the town decline to grant a hearing. his composition good, his address pa on you." In May, 1693, Mr. Hooker Such were the labors required of the thetie, warm and engaging,, and as story preached another Election Sermon which pastor of the olden time, for which the relates, he informed a friend of his that the General Court ordered printed "for wisdom of Solomon would have been he had three things to do with his ser the people,s good." They twice re none too great. By the prudence of mons before he delivered them in publie, peated the order at subsequent sessions, Mr. Hooker, and to the honor of our 'to write them, commit them unto his but no copies of it have come down to worthy ancestors, the record is not memory, and get them into his heart., us. We hear of him not unfrequently stained with certain numerous cases From this notice, and the well-known on committees and at meetings of his found on the records of the early fact, that his father was famed through brother ministers for matters of public churches, fostered by the publicity given out New England for the force and 11re interest. In the witchcraft case of Ann them. of his pulpit eloquence, we have rea Cole he was called in as a consulting On t he 22d of September, 1058, three son to believe that he was a warm divine, just as our material age in such years before his settlement here, he was hearted and eloquent preacher. His matters would call in a consulting phy married to Mary, eldest daughter of death was deplored as 'a great breach sician. He does not- appear, however, Capt. Thomas Willett, a man of note upon his people,, and his memory was to have been in any way responsible for in the early history of Massachusetts, embalmed in the affections of his the tragic ending of the case. and who was afterward the first mayor flock." To t his writing of sermons and at of New York city. A very interesting Cotton M ather, in his famous Magna- tention to public affairs was added the character this Capt. Thomas Willett, lia, says "thus we have to this day labor of presiding at endless church of whom we have space only to quote among us, our dead Hooker yet living meetings, and the recording of the in from his epitaph ; in his worthy son, Mr. Samuel Hooker, terminable discussions of things now an able, faithful, useful minister, at left to other hands. Petty financial mat "Here l ies grand Willett, whose Farmington, in the Colony of Connec ters were tediously disposed of. The good n ame ticut." town built mccting-houscs and paid the Did mount upon the wings of Pamc; The l ist of the published writings of minister, but small charges fell to the Mr. Hooker is a brief one. Some of his church. A peck of wheat from each Now h e's hence gone to his long letters to Rev. Increase Mather and to member paid the expense of the com home. Rev. James Fitch, from 1676 to 1682 munion table, which might be commuted And t aken from the ill to come : have been printed. Writing to the into sixpence in coin or threepence for Lived here desired, lamented died. former at the conclusion of King "brethren whose wives come not to the Is with his Saviour glorif1ed." Philip,s War, when the New England Supper." Much time was wasted on Of h is wife, Mistress Mary Willett, the mind saw a special providence in every that obstinate, crochcty, good man, same poet informs us: event, he says : "The last report which Simon Wrothum, who made more cometh to me ... is that a divine trouble than forty out and out wicked "Yea, V enus, Pallas, , and the hand hath followed those of our en men. John Woodruff, borrowing with Graces emies who went Albany-ward. Multi out formal leave some small matters, Compared w ith her should all have tudes of them swept away by sickness. is accused of stealing, and retorts with lost their places." . .. At this time a very malignant a charge of lying, and the church votes and dangerous fever is wandering here that John did not "err or speak false The c hurch over which Mr. Hooker abouts. God seemeth not to have fin in this." Meeting after meeting sat was installed in 1661 was formed nine ished His controversy with the land." upon the matter until both parties made years before, in 1652, by his brother-in- In May, 1677, Mr. Hooker preached the due apology. An era of good feeling law. Rev. Roger Newton, and six other Annual Election Sermon from the text suddenly set in, and other parties signed pious men, known as the "Seven Pil (Hosea 10:12): "For it is time to seek a confession concerning other matters lars" of the church. On the first of the Lord, till he come and rain to be read the next Sunday; but, alas! March, 1680, the church record shows a righteousness upon you." And the Rev. human nature is weak, and before Sun membership of fifty-seven. Some of John Whiting introduces the printed day came they privately requested Mr. these, no doubt, were attracted hither pamphlet to us by an address to the Hooker not to read it. Page after page by our broad, fertile meadows, but many "Christian Reader," declaring "in what of Mr. Hooker's record is taken up had been members of the church of the awful and tremendous manner the with the case of "Goody Rew," who Rev. Thomas Hooker in Hartford. Af Lord,s anger hath of late in special having committed a certain offence, is ter his death, when differences arose, made to appear against his wilderness summoned before the church, not so some of the church had gone with El people, .. . the inhabitants of many much because of her offence, as be der William Goodwin to Hadley, and at villages made to cease even in Israel cause, not clothing herself in appropriate length had followed him to this town and some candlesticks removed out of sackcloth and ashes, she had braved to sit under the ministry of the son of their place," alluding, I suppose, to the the matter out in gorgeous apparel of their beloved pastor. Here died Elder death of Gov. Winthrop. Of the long fensive to Puritan taste. Inquisitive Goodwin ; and here, after a pastorate discourse which follows we have room neighbors hose testimony that they had of thirty-six years, died the Rev. Sam for only a brief specimen, the "Doc seen two tailors in her house working uel Hooker, as the record reads, "on the trinal Conclusion" : "When a sinful peo on a stuff samar. Sewing societies and sixth day of November about one of ple have been chastened, and are still lesser tribunals for the discussion of the clock in the morning, A. D. 1697," threatened but not destroyed, it is time social matters had not arisen. Every at the age of about sixty-four years, and for them to seek Jehovah till he comes village quarrel was referred to the was buried in the ancient burial ground. 88 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

RESIDENCE O F HUGH CHESNEY. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 69 probably a t the spot where the venera preferences o f the young had little years," l eaving his "body to a comely tion and affection of his descendants weight with the stern parent or the burial in the common burial place in dedicated a monument to his memory. solemn magistrate. Esther was duly Farmington." He left three children June 19th, 1895. married to Thomas April 17th, 1669, by his first wife and three by his widow His h ouse stood on the east side of and Benjamin consoled himself with Ann, daughter of Gov. Thomas Welles. the main street, a little north of the Martha Leonard in June, 1670. We can Dr. Stiles in his history of Windsor, point at which the road to the railroad only guess at the thoughts of Esther marries him to Isabel Brown during station branches off to the right. as tidings came from time to time to the lifetime of his second wife Ann, to the quiet home of the village blacksmith the great botheration of genealogists. Thomas B ull one of the early settlers of the brilliant military exploits of her All such laborious people can find of of Farmington was born in Hartford former lover, rescuing his Hatfield record that Anthony Hoskins, now about the year 1647. He was a son friends and relatives from their In Howkins, married the fair Isabel. of Captain Thomas Bull famous dian captors in Canada after the mas in Colonial history as the commander sacre of 1677, and finally sacrificing his Dr, D aniel Porter, known in all the of the Connecticut troops at Saybrook life in the vain attempt to save Deer- country round as "that skillful chiur- when Sir Edmund Andross attempted field from destruction in the terrible geon," but more commonly spoken of to read his commission as royal gover days of 1704. Esther died in 1691 at as , bone-setter, on his nor; he, on learning that the Captain,s the comparatively early age of 42, and coming among us bought of Thomas name was Bull, said: "It is a pity that Deacon Bull soon after married Mary, Upson a house and lot at the south end your horns are not tipped with silver." widow of Captain William Lewis and of the village street, near the site of Thomas the younger was one of the eldest daughter of Ezekiel Cheever the the brick building only recently degrad early deacons of the church and 1ived famous school-master of New England. ed from its dignity as the South School on the east side of the road which He died in 1707 or 1708, leaving be House. He records his possessions in diverges from Farmington main street hind him a numerous family of young January, 1655, as "One parcel of land a little south of the church and which Bulls to continue the family name and on which his dwelling house now stand- was in his time known as "the little honors. eth, with yards or gardens therein be back-lane." He was a farmer, black ing, which he bought of Thomas Up smith, gunsmith and shoer of horses. Anthony H owkins of whom the writ son, containing by estimation six acres His account book gives a list of all er is a lineal descendant, recorded his be it more or less, abutting on the high sorts of work in iron done by him, from house lot in Farmington in May, 1661. way on the cast, and on Thomas Up hardware for the meeting house and the It contained two acres, situated on Poke son's land on the south and on the west, f1ttings of the village stocks, to work Brook on the south side of the road and on John Lankton's land on the for his townsmen on carts, plows, axes to Hartford, and was therefore nearly north." In October of the same year and all the primitive appliances of early opposite the site of the future residence the General Court, sitting at Hartford, agriculture. He had his full share in of Gov. Treadwell. He was one of the ordered "that Danniell Porter shall bee the dignities and honors of public life, nineteen "truly and well beloved peti allowed and paid out of the publique and was by turns constable, collector, tioners" to whom his majesty Charles Treasury, as a sallery for the next en town clerk, selectman, assessor and I I, granted the charter of Connecticut. suing yeare, the sum of six pounds; and school committee. Twice he represented His life was spent for the most part in six shillings a journy to each- Towne the town in the General Assembly. the public service. From 1645 to 1649 uppon the River, to exercise his arte His marriage with Esther, the daugh he was frequently on the jury at Hart of Chiurgerie." So greatly were his ter of the first John Cowlcs, is inter ford. From 1657 to 1665 a Deauty to services valued that in 1668 he was esting as illustrating the matrimonial the General Court, and from 1666 to "freed from watching, warding and customs of the day. The court record 1673, an Assistant, offices corresponding training," that he might be always in is as follows : to our representative and senator. He readiness in any sudden emergency to "Benjamin W aite having publickly was early a resident of Windsor, but exercise his skill upon the broken bones protested against Thomas Bull Junr. must have settled in Farmington be of the colony. In 167 1 the Court fur and Hester Cowles alias Cole their pro fore May 17, 1660, when he was appoint ther decreed that "For the encourage - ceedings in reference to marriage and ed a grand juror for this town. He men of Daniel Porter in attending the manifested his desire that authority was also a commissioner for Farming- service of the country in setting bones would not marry or any way contract ton, a convenient office established to &e, the Court do hereby augment his in order to marry them the said Thom relieve the burden of the County Court, salary from six pounds a year to twelve as and Hester. The Court desires the having power to determine any action pounds per annum, and do advise him said Wayte that he would manifest his to the value of forty shillings, and to to instruct some meet person in his reasons to them and produce his proofs do any miscellaneous business com arte." Lest the salary of twelve pounds of any right or claim that he hath to mitted to it by a higher tribunal. To and his fee of six shillings for each the said Hester Cole, but he refused the commissioner in particular was al visit to the river towns should not suf to attend any such thing at this time. lotted the punishment of Indians found fice for his honorable support, the The Court did therefore declare to the walking up and down and buying liquor "Court grants Daniel Porter one hun said Benjamin Waite that they did not "after the day light shutting in." A dred acres of land, provided he take it judge it reasonable to restrain Thomas matter of twenty shillings and a severe up where it does not prejudice any Bull and Hester Cole from marriage whipping of six stripes at least. He was former grant or plantation." This grant till Sept. next and therefore if the said particularly empowered to distribute the was unfortunately selected near the Waite does not make good bis claim money to be paid yearly by the Indians northwest corner of Wallingford and and prosecute to effect between this who had been guilty of firing houses, so proved to be out of the jurisdiction and the 7th of April next they will not but as they never paid any, his labors of the court. His grandchildren subse longer deny them the said Thomas and must have been light. As a reward for quently exchanged it for one hundred Hester marriage." all these numerous public services he acres west of the . It Benjamin a nd Hester had both been was granted by the Colony four hun mattered little so long as land con residents of Hatfield where her father dred acres of land. He died "February tinued the most plentiful of all kinds spent the last years of his life, but the the last 1673 .... stricken in of estate. Moreover Dr. Porter was one 90 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 9I of t he famous Eighty-four proprietors of S ir Edmund Andross and so left us I I artford with Rev. Thomas Hooker and regularly received his share in each no will or inventory to shed light on and his church. He was the Secretary division of the reserved lands. The his character and surroundings. Scarce of the Colony from 1636 to 1639, relative values of professional services ly anyone at that time left estate or Recorder of Hartford for twenty years of the day, especially of those rendered will to enrich the royal governor with and Deputy to the General Court twen in military expeditions, appear in a de probate fees. They divided their ac ty-three years. cree of 1676, wherein "The Council did cumulations while living, a desirable His v ery peculiar handwriting is con grant that a minister,s pay shall be course in many ways. His youngest spicuous on our town and church rec twenty-five shillings per week; a chiur- son, Samuel, remained in his native vil ords, He begins the latter with the en geon,s pay shall be sixteen shillings lage and was styled in the records, try of the formation of the church by per week," nor need we think the min "Samuel Porter, Doctor of ye town of its original seven members October 13, isterial pay out of all reasonable pro Farmintgon." 1652, and adds "About one month after, portion. Whatever we may think of myself (John Steel) joined with them." the spiritual value of the preacher's la The inventory of his estate attested be bors, on the eve of battle the inspiring John S teele, the first town clerk of fore Mr. Howkins shows the very mod words of him who stood forth as the Farmington, spent the last years of his est sum of £182, as the savings of a vicegerent of Heaven were beyond all life in this village and here died Febru long life of public service. A few items price. ary 27, 1664. The earlier and more in his will would interest the modern The d octor left five sons, three of active part of his life was in Hartford, collector. A "silver bowl, which was whom were physicians. The eldest son, though he owned a house and lot here mine own, marked with three silver Daniel, removed to Waterbury and was a little north of the site of the Savings stamps and one S, all on the upper end the second person of five successive Bank from January 1655 until his death. of the bowl," and the one silver spoon generations known as Dr. Daniel Por He left it to his son Samuel, calling it given to each child. The three silver ter — father, son, grandson, great grand a tenement house. He was a resident stamps were probably hall marks and son and nephew of great grandson, He of Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1635, the S the initial of the family name. died near the end of the administration and in the autumn of that year came to

AULD L ANG SYNE"

.I1. F DORMAN AND .1. H. ANDBEWS. 92 F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT,

RESIDENCE O F CHARLES N. LEE.

RESIDENCE O F HENRY MARTIN COWLES.

THE T OWN HUX AND UBRARY. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOME.S. 93

MAIN B TREET. LOOKING NORTH.

MAIN S TKEET, LOOKING SOUTH. 94 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

RESIDENCE O F SAMUEL P, DICKINSON, 96 F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT.

PROPERTY O F H. W. BARBOUR. RESIDENCE OF FRED H. HOTCHKISS AND CHARLES E. HOTCHKISS. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 97

HE f irst settlers of this village ceptionf o that of Mr. John Wadsworth. printed i n 1634. gives his English view /^l came from Hartford probably was the largest inventoried before 1700. of the matter. "Every family," he says, along the same path and The w ork of the farm was done "having a spring of sweet waters be through the same notch in the largely by oxen. Almost every farmer twixt them, which is far different from mountain we still use. Finding owned a yoke, but none more than two, the waters of England, being not so further progress westward interrupted by so far as can he learned. Horses were sharp, but of a fatter substance, and of the river, they turned southward and about twice as numerous as oxen, and a more jetty color; it is thought there built their first houses where runs the were also used in the cultivation of land, can be no better water in the world, yet Main street of to-day. To each settler as the inventory of their tackling proves. dare I not prefer it before good beer was allotted a strip of land about two Every man had a cow or two but no as some have done." After the multi hundred feet wide, bounded on the east large herds. John Hart, burned in his plication of apple orchards, cider large by the mountain and on the west by house in 1666. left six, as also did lv took the place of beer. John Hart the river. When their numbers in Nathaniel Kellogg, dying in 1657, but had a cider press in 1666 and Capt. Wil creased, and their flocks and herds re one and two were the common number liam Lewis in 1ogo had not only a cider quired ampler accommodation, they Sheep were held a necessity on every mill but a malt mill, a still, and a supply made use of the meadows and forest to farm to furnish warm clothing in the of malt and hops. John Bronson in the westward, enclosing them with a long New England winter. John Or- 16N0 had ten barrels of cider in his cel strong fence and a deep ditch, remains ton, dying in 160,5, left a flock of twen lar valued at four pounds. Potatoes are of the latter of which may still be traced ty-two, but the average number was not named. Probably none of the set from Avon southward through the Pine ten. Swine were numerous. John tlers had ever seen one. Peas and beans Woods nearly to Plainville. This fence Cowles' estate had thirty-eight. The were common, but by far the largest kept their flocks from losing themselves average for a farmer was fifteen. A crop was Indian' corn. Corn was the in the forest, and was thought a suf few hives of bees usually closed the list. first eatable thing which the starving ficient bar against wolves, which do not Farming implements were much as we Pilgrims could find after they left Ply easily climb an obstruction. knew them fifty years a'go. before the mouth Rock. The friendly Tisquantum Heren i much peace and contentment day of horse rakes and mowing ma showed them how to raise it. "Also they lived the laborious lives of early chines, only a ruder construction. They he told them except they get fish and settlers. Let us see what can be learned had fans but no fanning- mills, trusting set with it ( in these old grounds) it of their industries and daily life for the -*to the winds of heaven to winnow the would come to nothing, and he showed first sixty years of their residence. Dur- grain from the chaff as in biblical times. them that in the middle of April they this period forty-five, out of a much Their carts and plows were home-made should have store enough come up the larger number who died, left estates and so rudely built that the appraiser brook by which they began to build." minutely inventoried by the courts of frequently estimated the value of the So says Gov. Bradford in his history. the day. These inventories, showing iron parts only. Josselvn in his "Two Other Indian advice was to place in all a man,s possessions, from his farm Voyages to New England," printed in each hill a shad, a few kernels of corn, down to his smallest article of clothing, 167.?. advises the planter to buy his and a few beans. The shad was for give us about all the information of his cart-wheels in England for fourteen manure, and the cornstalks formed in daily life and habits we possess. shillings rather than trust to colonial good time sufficient poles for the bean They w ere all farmers, every one of workmanship. \Certain tools were then vines to climb. The savage meanwhile them. The minister was the biggest common which some of us remember to retiring to the sunny side of his wig farmer of them all. To him was allotted have seen in our boyhood, long unused. wam trusted the rest to all bountiful a double portion of land. The Rev. There was the heavy and cumbersome nature, with a little assistance from his Roger Newton removed early and died brake for breaking flax, the wooden squaw. Other things the settlers soon elsewhere, but his successor, the Rev. swingling knife for continuing the pro learned. Of lbe blackbirds which soon Samuel Hooker, dying here in 1697, left cess, and the hetchel. Wood cards were pulled up their corn, Roger Williams a farm valued at £440. many horses, also common. After flax wheat was the w riting in 164,? savs, "Of this sort there cattle, and sheep in his pastures, much most important crop, and rye was raised he millions, which be great devourers wheat, rye, corn, and barley in his gran when the exhausted land would no long of the Indian corn, as soon as it ap ary, and already sowed for the next er bear wheat. Mislen. or a mixture pears above the ground. Against these year's crop, with abundant husbandry of wheat and rye. was often sowed in birds the Indians are very careful both tools for the prosecution of this in the hope that one or the other grain to set their corn deep enough, that it dustry. With two sermons, not of the might thrive. Barlev was raised for the may have a strong root, not so apt to shortest, to write every week, and an manufacture of malt, and we find even be plucked up (yet not too deep, lest other for lecture day, with an occasional oats used for this purpose. It took tlu they bury it, and it never come up) ; as election sermon, and much public work Englishman several generations to learn also they put up little watch houses in in the colony, he must have been a la that he could live without beer. Wood, the middle of their f1elds, in which they borious man. His estate, with the ex in his "New England's Prospect," or their biggest children lodge, and. FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT,

PROPERTY O F JESSE MOORE RESIDENCE OF HAROLD W. DOUCLAS.

PROPERTY O F MRS. C. V. I, VON RESIDENCE OF J. C. BUSHNELU.

THE A NSON PORTEK PLACE. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 99

RESIDENCE O F MRS. MARY CARROLL AND MRS. SHELDON RICE. I00 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, earlyn i the morning, prevent the birds when d efending their young. The town 18 s hillings. The latter was known as from devouring the corn." As for the paid for killing panthers in 1718 and "John Root, weaver," as early as crow, he says, "These birds, although in 1726, and probably in other years. In 1699. Samuel North, dying in 1682, they do the corn some hurt, yet scarce 1768 a bounty of three shillings was of left "A loom and tools belonging to it," will one native amongst an hundred kill fered for wildcats, and on the 30th day valued at three pounds. Here, surely, them, because they have a tradition, that of May, 1773, the town paid three shill were weavers enough to supply all rea the crow brought them at first an In ings to Noah Hart for a wildcat, and sonable requirements of the little vil dian grain of corn in one ear, and an the same day paid one shilling to John lage. Probably the goodwife of the Indian or French bean in another, from Newell, Jr., "for putting a strolling settler fashioned the products of these the great God Cawtantowwit's f1eld in fellow in the stocks," wildcats and many looms into substantial clothing, the southwest, from whence they hold tramps being held in like estimation. but, as early as 1697, Deacon Thomas came all their corn and beans." In 1694 One other animal the settlers feared Porter, son of the first Thomas, came the town offered a reward of two pence more than all the others put together. to be known as "Thomas Porter, for crows and one shilling the dozen It spared neither man nor beast, and its tailor." His house stood near the for blackbirds. In Hartford, in 1707, midnight roar was not a cheerful sound site of that of Judge E. H. Deming. it was held the duty of every good citi to the lonely settler. All over New and here the young men who desired zen to kill one dozen blackbirds each England they called it a lion, with about something more stylish than home-made year, or pay a fine of one shilling If as much knowledge of natural history garments doubtless repaired. We re he killed more than a dozen he was en as Nick Bottom, who held "a lion is a gret our inability to describe the fash titled to one penny for each bird. From most dreadful thing; for there is not ions of his shop. An inventory of the that time to this many bounties have a more fearful wild-fowl than your lion wardrobe of a respectable farmer of been paid and much powder burned, but living." Wood, in his "New England,s the day must suffice. Sergeant John the crow is still with us, and his morn Prospect," says, "concerning lions, I Clark had four coats, one of kersey, ing voice is still heard as he wings his will not say that I ever saw any my one of serge, a cape-coat, lined, and an daily flight from the mountain to the self, but some affirm that they have seen old coat. Of waistcoats he had a meadow. The most troublesome ani a lioi1 at Cape Anne blue and a serge. His breeches were mals the farmer had to contend with, some likewise, being lost in the severally of drugget, serge, and leather. were the wolves which, roaming by woods, have heard such terrible roar He had a hat of castor beaver, two night in packs of ten or a dozen, with ings, as have made them much fringed muslin neckcloths, two pairs dreadfud cries, devoured sheep, calves, aghast ; which must be devils or of gloves, and two speckled shirts. and the smaller animals. From a stray lions there being no other creatures Further it is unnecessary to go. Five leaf of the town accounts we learn that which use to roar saving bears, which men, besides the minister, wore broad in 1718 Ebenezer Barnes, Stephen Hart, have not such a terrible kind of roar cloth, — John Judd, son of William; Samuel Scott, and Matthew Woodruff ing." Sundry localities were named Samuel Cowles, who, besides two broad were each paid six shillings and eight after the beast. A Lion's Hollow west cloth coats, valued at six pounds, had pence for killing wolves. They were ward of the. road to Plainville, and a a damask vest and four pairs of silver mostly killed in pits into which they Lion,s Hole eastward of the road to buttons; Capt. John Stanley, who had were enticed by bait placed over the Kensington were frequently mentioned a straight broadcloth coat of a sad concealed mouth of the pit. They were in old deeds. A Lion's Hole near Dead color ; Samuel Gridley, who also car poor climbers, and once in the pit their Swamp is mentioned in 1686, and one, ried a silverhcaded cane, and his son, fate was sure. The road running from hardly the same, in 1705 on the Great Samuel, who had two coats, each three the eighth milestone southward from the Plain. The animal was without much times as valuable as his father's, and Hartford road has, since 1747, and I doubt a catamount. If you have ever silver buttons and buckles to match. know not how much longer, been known seen the bronze figure of this beast The tide of luxury so deeply deplored as the Wolf Pit road, and certain de standing on its granite pedestal in front by Gov. Treadwell years afterward pressions in the ground used to be of the site of the old Catamount Tavern had already set in. Samuel Langdon. shown to credulous boys as the ancient in Bennington, Vermont, "grinning son of Deacon Langdon, removing to wolf pits. Another very common meth towards New York," you will not won Northampton and carrying thither the od of destroying these animals Jossclyn der at its unpleasant reputation. luxurious habits of his native village, tells us in his "New England's Rarities" Earlyn i the history of this village, was with divers persons "presented by of 1672. "The wolf," he says, "is very as in all new settlements, it became the grand jury to the court at North numerous, and go in companies, some necessary for some of the farmers to ampton. March 26, 1676. for wearing of times ten, twenty, or fewer, and so cun engage in other industries essential to silk, and that in a flaunting manner, and ning, that seldom any are killed with civilized life. The goodman could others for long hair and other extrava guns or traps ; but of late they have prepare wool and flax for the wheel of gances contrary to honest and sober invented a way to destroy them by bind the goodwife, but not everyone possessed order and demeanor, not becoming a ing four mackerel hooks across with a a loom, or knew how to use it. wilderness state, at least the profession brown thread, and then, wrapping somc Joseph Bird and his sons, Joseph, Samuel, of Christianity and religion," Mr. Lang wool about them, they dip them in melt an(l Thomas, living on Bird Hill, on don made his peace with the court by ed tallow till it be as round and big as the Hartford road, were all weavers be paying the clerk,s fee, 2 shillings and an egg ; these ( when any beast has been fore 1700. Simon Wrothum, a man 6 pence. killed by the wolves) they scatter by the conspicuous for his want of sympathy Samuel W oodruff, son of Matthew dead carcass after they have beaten off with the religious views of his towns the immigrant, was the village shoe the wolves; about midnight the wolves men, was also a weaver. Sergeant maker, commonly known as "Samuel arc sure to return again to the place Stephen Hart, son of Deacon Stephen, Woodruff, cordwainer." About 1700 he where they left the slaughtered beast, had "looms, slcys, reeds, and other removed to Southington, and tradition and the first thing they venture upon will weaving tools," valued at is-2s. Ser calls him its first white inhabitant. be these balls of fat." liears were fre geant John Clark, who died in the John Newell, son of Thomas the im quently met with, but they made the Canada Expedition of 1709 had a cover migrant, was another shoemaker. He farmers very little trouble, and were es let of John Root's weaving, valued at removed to Waterbury with those who teemed a good-natured animal, except THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. ICI

RESIDENCE O F CHARLES STANLEY MASON, JR. l02 F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT,

THE V ILLAGE OE BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I03 went f rom this village, but returned, sables a the debtor had to offer. Hence drum, a nd the bell. We had at this and died unmarried in 1696. His in Mr. Gridley, as he perceived his goods period reached the second stage of de ventory shows: "Shoe leather, lasts, increase, opened a shop for their sale. velopment, — the drum. According to and shoemaker's gears," valued at 19 Of such wares he had accumulated 3 an old hymn, shillings, 9 pence. Benjamin Judd. beaver skins, and the skins of 16 rac son of Deacon Thomas, dying in 1698, coons, 3 foxes, 5 wildcats, 1 bear, i "New E ngland Sabbath day left "Leather and shoemaker's tools to deer, 7 musquashes, and 2 minks. Of Is h eaven-like, still, and pure. the value of one pound and six shillings." his own handiwork, besides other iron When Israel walks the way Johanna Smith, wl1o was killed in the ware, be sold nails, not by the pound Upo t the temple's door. "Falls Fight" of May 19, 1676, was the but by count. There were 2.300 four- The time we tell village cooper, and, after him, John penny nails, 2,350 six-penny, 1,9m When t here to come Stedman and Samuel Bronson. Daniel eight-penny, and 200 hob-nails. In ad By beat of drum Merrills was a tanner, and Joseph dition to the goods he made or got in Or s ounding shell." Hawley had a tan-yard. Thomas Lee, payment for work, his business came, son of the first John, was described in time, to anything the far Another i ndustrv, mostly speculative, in the deed of David Lee of North mer needed, from carts, harnesses, and absorbed much time and attention, — ampton, weaver, as "Thomas Lee scythes to jack-knives and catechisms. the search for valuable ores and the his brother, mason and bricklayer Here the ladies could procure calicoes, previous metals. In 1651 the Genera1 of Farmington," in 1697. Joiners crapes, muslins, laces, ribbons, thimbles, Court authorized John Winthrop, after must have been important members of thread, knitting-pins, combs, and fans, wards the sixth Governor of Con the community, but I know of no one or could stock their pantries with all necticut, to search for mines and min distinctly classed as such. Thomas manner of shining pewter. Here. too. erals, and set up works for operating Thomson the immigrant, a brother of the hunter found powder, Mints, and the mines when found. His success, Samuel Thomson, stationer, of Lon bullets. John Wadsworth, dying in especially with the iron works at New don, dying in 1055, left "tools for a 1689, son of the first William, besides Haven, was sufficient to encourage carpenter and other small implements," a large farm, had a shop containing every land-owner here to believe un valued at 5 pounds, 1 shilling. Richard goods not specifically enumerated, hut told wealth was just within reach. Bronson, in 1687, left a full set of valued at 87 pounds. He had also Deeds of land frequently appear upon carpenter's tools. Deacon John Lang- a cold still, an alembie, and sundry our records reserving precious metals ,don left a set in 1689. William Hook gallipots. Perhaps he combined the should such be discovered. The town er, son of Rev. Samuel Hooker, left business of a druggist with other in committee, in 1712, leased to William a "turning lathe, with saws and other dustries. He was probably the Partridge and Jonathan Belcher, for tools, for turning and joiner's work." wealthiest man of the village. He eight years, "all iron mines mines and onlyminerals, ex He was a merchant, and these may left a library valued at £17-14s-4d. have been a part of his goods. John His house stood a little south of where cepted, already found out and discover Bronson and John Warner had each now lives Judge E H. Deming. Wil ed and hereafter to be found and dis a pit saw, — useful tools before saw liam Hooker, son of Rev. Samuel covered." Two years later eight indi mills could be built. Hooker, lived on the west side of viduals lease to New York merchants The G ridleys were the blacksmiths Main street, on the corner where the the right to dig for '-oar of Lead or of the village. Samuel, son of the raod turns off to the railroad station, other sort of mettle whatsoever," for f1rst Thomas, lived near where now and was also a shopkeeper. His busi sixty years. The mineral mostly stands the house of the late Egbert ness, judging from the inventory of sought hereabouts was black lead. Cowles, Esq., and his shop was in the bis goods, must have been largely in John Oldham, afterwards murdered by highway, as was the custom. Dying hardware, such as brass kettles, warm the Indians, traveling through Con in 1712, his son Thomas succeeded to ing-pans, pewter of all sorts, includ necticut in 1633, brought back "some his trade, and was known as "Thomas ing ro pewter tankards, 5 dozen pewter black lead ore, of which the Indians Gridley, smith," to distinguish him spoons, and 3'i dozen ocomy (that is said there was a whole quarry." In from other Thomas Gridleys. His alchemy) spoons. Farming, however, 1657 the Tunxis Indians sold to Wil house, given him by his father in was his principal occupation. Roger liam Lewis and Samuel Steele "the 1704, was on Bird's Hill, on the north Hooker, another son of Rev. Samuel hill from whence John Standly and side of the road to Hartford. The Hooker, was also a merchant. and, John Andrews brought the black lead, tools inventoried "in ye smith's shop" dying in 1698. left as great a variety and all the land within eight miles of of Samuel Gridley were pretty much of goods as you will find in the coun that hill on every side." The sale what you would find in a country try store of to-day, and some other of this hill was confirmed by deed of forge of to-day. Mr. Gridley was also things from a very valuable lot of bear Pethuzo and Toxcronnock in 1714. a merchant, and the long inventory of skins, deer skins, and moose skins, This famous hill, with all its treasure, his estate is interesting as showing down to fish-hooks and jewsbarns. has disappeared from view as com the evolution of the early country The jewsharp was the only instrument pletely as the fabled island of Atlantis, shopkeeper. Silver coin was scarce. of music I find inventoried in a Farm often sought, never found. The Rev. Capt. William Lewis had, by his in ington house, and was one of the three R. M. Chipman, in his "History of ventory, two pounds and four shill allowed in the Blue Laws fabricated by Harwinton," is authority for the state ings; John Wadsworth, two pounds the Rev. Samuel Peters. The drum, ment that sundry citizens of that town six shillings; John Newell, three I suppose, was town property, and was and vicinity, to the number of five pieces of eight, that is, f1fteen shillings, beaten by John Judd, drummer, at a hundred, headed by three venerable and John Clark a sum not separately regular salary. A little later, in 1718. clergymen, on a day appointed, re appraised; and if others had any, it four other men were each paid 13 paired to the woods supposed to con was not specifically mentioned. Na shillings 4 pence for drumming. The tain the black lead, and. forming a thaniel Kellogg had wampum valued, in three New England methods of call long line, marched all day after the 1657, at two pounds. Everyone ac ing the worshippers to the meeting manner of beating the woods for game, cepted in payment such goods and valu house were by the conch shell, the to make sure of the discovery of the l04 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

THE C HARLES HILLS PLACE— RESIDENCE OF OSCAR LITKE. 106 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, black l ead by somc of their number. nuated i Farmington meadow near the instant u se, his gun, pike, bayonet, Whether the story had some founda corn mill of Capt. Thomas Hart lying rapier, back-sword, and . I tion, or was merely the juke of a min in the Indian Neck," and Samuel think there must have been a f1re ister on his clerical brethren, docs not Hooker and Stephen Root testify place in the room, for we fmd two appear, but the black lead is still un "that we saw the Indian Nannouch heaters, two smoothing irons, a spit, discovered. deliver two acres of land commonly a pair of bellows, two trammels, and Onef o the most necessary institu called this Indian's land afore men their books. Here are pots and ket tions in a new settlement is the mill, tioned to Mr. John Bates of Haddam tles, large and small, of brass and iron. saw-mills to provide lumber for bouses, by turf and twig." This ancient I here is a goodly display of shining and grist-mills to grind the wheat form of conveyance by the actual de pewter, tankards, plates, basins, beak and corn. Sometime during the livery of a piece of the soil and of ers, porringers, cups with handles, bar f1rst ten years of the village, John the timber growing thereon, was rel cups, pewter measurers of all Bronson set up a mill on the brook doubtless more intelligible to the In sizes, and pewter buttles. Here is thereafter known as the Mill Brook, dian mind than the drawing a picture much wooden ware, earthen ware, and and subsequently as the Fulling Mill of i1is totem at the bottom of a even china ware, and here the family Brook, and which, running down the piece of paper inscribed with "Know supply of medicines, Matthew's pills, mountain, crosses Main Street just all men by these presents," and other blistering salve, and sundry drugs north of the house of the late Egbert ponderous formulas. whose names I must leave for the pro Cowles, Esq Before 1650 be had sold Witnout g oing more at length into fessional practitioner to transcribe it to Deacon Stephen Hart, who de the industries of the men of that day, Here are the goodman's money scales scribed the premises as "one parcel on i; is time we gave some attention t. and weights, his spectacles, and his li which a mill standeth with a swamp tln- equally laborious occupations of brary, a collection of books which adjoining to it in which the mill their wives and daughters. Perhaps would have been called good Sunday water cometh and containeth all the the best way to ilustrate the subject reading f1fty years ago. They are an land that the country gave to John is to take you to the house of a well- old Bible, a psalm book, and other books Bronson there, except the house lot." It to-do farmer and inspect the house entitled "ROM FTOPPAl IA, Or a was probably a saw -mill. In a grant keeping and all the surroundings of its Discourse Concerning Comets ; wherein of 1687 we hear of the Upper Saw- inmates. We will call on the 30th the Nature of Blazing Stars is En Mill Pond. Deacon Stephen Hart of May, 1712, at the house of Samuel quired into: With an Historical Account gave the mill in his lifetime to his Gridley, which, as I have already of all the Comets which have ap three sons, John, Stephen, and Thom mentioned, stood near the site of the peared from the Beginning of the as. In 1712 the town "granted unto house of the late Fgbert Cowles, Esq. World unto this present Year, 1683, John Bronson liberty to build a full The date is a little later than I . .. By Increase Mather. lime ing mill upon the brook that cometh could wish, but our knowledge of and the End of Time," being two dis down the mountain by Jonathan the house is better than that of any courses by Rev. John Fox of Woburn, Smith,s, and also the improvement of other. We will examine, not what Mass.. 1701. "/.ion in Distress; or the so much land as is necessary to set a might have been seen in such a house Groans of the Protestant Church ;" mill upon, and for damming in any at that time, but what the appraisers, printed in 1683 for Samuel Philips. place between Jonathan Smith's lot John Wadsworth. John Porter. and "Spiritual Almanack," "The Unpardon and John Hart's, provided he do not Isaac Cowles, found there that day, able Sin," "Divine Providence Opened," damnify the cart way." In 1778 the and made solemn oath that they "Man's chief End to Glorifie God, or town gave Solomon Cowles, I homas found. The female inmates of the Some Brief Sermon — Notes on 1 Cor Cowles, Isaac Bidwell, Amos Cowles. bouse we are to inspect were the 10. 31. — By the Reverend Mr. John and Phinehas Cowles "liberty to erect widow Mary and her three daughters, Bailey, Sometime Preacher and Prison one or more grist mills on the brook Sarah, a girl of eighteen who after er of Christ at Limerick in Ireland, and called the Fulling Mill Brook." Their ward married Nathaniel Cowles, Mary, now Pastor to the Church of Christ in petition sets forth "that although aged four, who died unmarried, and Watertown in New-England." 1680. there is one grist mill now in said Jerusha, a babe of four months who "Commentary on Faith," "How to Walk society, yet it does not at all time:' afterward married Nehemiah Lewis. with God," "The Wonders of the In well accommodate the people with We will enter by the porch which visible World," by Rev. Cotton Mather, grinding, for in certain seasons of the opens into the hall, on either side of a very famous book on witchcraft in year said mill is rendered entirely use which are the parlor and kitchen, and Salem and elsewhere, and on the ordi less by reason of floods, ice, etc., back of all the leanto. Over each nary devices of the devil. It was an whereby the people arc obliged to room except the leanto is a chamber, swered by Robert Calef's "More Won carry their corn five or six miles to and over all the garret. In the porch ders of the Invisible World," which was get it ground." The inference is we fmd much which had reference to burned by order of Dr. Increase Mather, that the f1rst mill on the brook was a out-of-door life, and which the modern President of Harvard College, in the saw-mill built before 1650, the second housewife would certainly have re college yard. We fmd also, "Some a fulling mill built in 171-,. and that quested Mr. Gridley to bestow else Account of the Life of Henry Gearing," the first grist-mill was built on tln. where, — harnesses, saddles, the pillion, by J. Shower, "A Warning to prepare river where a mill has been sustained and pillion cloth on which the good- for Death," a New Testament, "A to the present day. I find an early wife rode behind her husband to Book on Numbers," whether an arith mention of it in the year 1701. which church or elsewhere, a chest and tools, metic or a commentary on one of the contains several points of interest. In a cart rope, a steel trap, and sundry books of the Pentateuch does not ap that year Wenemo, an Indian, stole other things. Entering the hall we pear, "a law book, and several pieces "a good firelock gun" from John fmd the furniture to consist of a of books." The latter entry seems to Bates of Haddam, and another Indian, wainscot chest, a table, a great chair, show that the library was much read, Nanhouch, to save his friend from the four lesser ones, three cushions and and even the fragments of books were very serious consequences, mortgaged a pillow. Here are stored the arms carefully preserved. From the hall to said Bates "two acres of land sit which every man must have ready for we pass to the kitchen, where we find THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I07

FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT,

RESIDENCE O F MRS. PAUL F. WOLLENBERG.

PROPERTY O F JULH'S GAY RESIDENCE OF CLRICH GOODFIELD. RESIDENCE O F TIMOTHY MCCARTHY.

RESIDENCE O F HENRY ISSERMAN. "AMONG THE CARNATIONS." THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I09 in t he big fireplace a pair of cast-iron blankets a nd coverlids, and hanging kets, c overlids, curtains, etc. There fire dogs weighing sixty-four pounds, over all, a set of calico curtains with a are a number of chests and boxes and two pairs of tongs, a peel, two tram calico vallance to match A warming- twenty-one pounds of yarn, and there mels and a jack. The furniture pan, a most useful article in a cold was room left somewhere for Mr. seems scanty, a table, a chest, a truckle room, completes the sleeping equip Gridlev to store 50 bushels of wheat bedstead, a great chair and two small ment. Other furniture is thrc. and 80 of rye, a practice which the ones. Sundry baskets, kcclers, tubs, chests, a trunk, a round table, a great tidy housekeeper of to-day might not pails, and kettles stand around. The chair, three little ditto, a joint stool, approve in her best chamber. It was, main features of the kitchen, however, and five cushions. There is also a however, the custom to store grain in are the loom, the great wheel, two cupboard and a carpet for said cup the house where it would be under the linen wheels, a hand reel, and the board. A carpet was not a floor protection of the household cat, as we great piles of linen sheets, pillow bears, cloth but a cevering to furniture often see illustrated in the picture books of table-cloths, towels, and napkins, large showily embroidered by its owner as to-day. ly no doubt the production of the loom a specimen of her skill. Probably a "This i s the cat and wheels, and large supplies of yarn, green rug, valued at five shillings, was That killed the rat tow, and flax for further manufacture. for the floor. Here are Mr. Gridley's That ate the malt Spinning and storing up vast supplies pair of pistols and holster. There now That l ay in the house that Jack built." remains down stairs only the leanto, of spotless linen against their wedding In t he hall chamber we find a feath day, were the great accomplishments of which will not detain us long, though it probably detained Mrs. Gridlev er bed and belongings and a great the young maiden. We read of spin store of wheat, barley, corn, and peas ning matches which lasted from early many a weary hour, for here are the in baskets, bags, and barrels. The dawn to nine o'clock at night, the con cheese-press and churn, the butter tubs, porch chamber is given up to malt, oats, testants being supplied with food by and all the machinery of the dairy, and peas. In the garret are 10 bushels and, last of all, an hour-glass with other hands while they worked, and of rye and too of indian corn. If finally with bloody fingers sinking from which the various mysteries of the place were timed. This hour-glass is the you care to inspect the cellar you will sheer exhaustion. Spinning bees have find it pretty well filled with barrels of only instrument for the measurement of continued until within a few years in pork, beer, soap, hops, oatmeal, and some rural districts. I remember as time I find, except the watch and clock of Rev. Samuel Hooker. The sun other family stores. Here we must late as the fall of 1859. passing, on a take leave of Mrs. Gridlev and her by-road near Farmington, Maine, just dial answered very well when the sun household treasurers, pleased no doubt at sunset, a merry procession of young shone, and a blast on a conch shell when that our lot has fallen two centuries women with their great wheels carried the good wife decreed it to be dinner later, and that seven generations of time, called the village home at noon. men have come and gone and left us by young men. on their way to a con the better for their hardy industries test with the spinners of the next vil If y ou please we will now walk up and honest lives. stairs. In the parlor chamber we lage. Let us now inspect the parlor, *An h istorical address delivered at then as since the crowning glory of the find a bed with a silk grass pillow and the annual meeting of the lillagc Li house. We find a bedstead with a two leather pillows weighing ten brary Co. Sept. 14. 1898, by Mr. Julius feather bed and a great supply of pounds, and a goodly supply of blan day.

SUNSET R OCK.

BESIDENC'E O F FRANK A. CADWELL. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. Ill

RESIDENCE O F ALFRED D. TEW. II2 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

RESIDENCE O F VV. A. ROS-UVELL RESIDENCE O F HARRY LOOM IS. AND OTTO NELSON.

PROPERTY O F MISS JULIA S. BRANDEC.EE RESIDENCE O F FRED C. OILBERT. RESIDENCE OF MRS S. K. LOOM 1S.

PROPERTY O F MISS JULIA S. HRANDEGEE RESIDENCE O F HARRY R. REED. RESIDENCE OF WM. CHIDSEY.

RESIDENCE O F JOHN ROURKE. RESIDENCE O F WATSON SMITH.

PROPERTY O F HARRY LOOM IS SO. N. E. TELEPHONE EXCHANGE AND RESIDENCE OF HENRY STEIMETZ. RESIDENCE O F ALHERT YV. HART. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. II3

St. I patrick s Mission.

fTI A RMINGTON was detached from Bristol in February, 1885, and assigned to the jurisdic tion in Plainville. The first disciples of the faith in this handsome old village were I homas Smith. Lawrence McCahill, John Keilly, John Brady, Mrs. Mary Skelly and John Flood. I he f1rst mass was said in the early f1fties in the present resi-

FATHF.R R ODDAN. deucef o John Flood. I he Catholic population of Farmington is chiefly Irish and numbers 2oo souls. Mass is said every Sunday in the brick church pur chased by Rev. Patrick Duggctt, and dedicated i1i the honor of St. Patrick. *By J ames Il O,Donnell in the His tory of the Diocese of Hartford Mr. J ohn Reilly is the authority for the statement that mass was said by Father Duggctt in what is now the resi dence of Mr. Henry Rice on Cedar

FATHER W ALSH, street some fifty years ago. In those days it was customary to say mass in private homes in the different towns. Mass was also said regularly at the home of Mr. Reilly's brother at the "Copper Mines" near Whigville. Some of the priests who have officiated in Farmington arc Father Daley, Father Hart, Father Duggctt. Father Roddan, and Father Walsh who has charge of THE . JOHN FLOOD PLACE. the parish at present. The f1rst mass in Farmington — said in the house in the rear. FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT,

XEbe 1 bart Jug.

l632.

OLD J UG— 'BROUGHT FROM ENGLAND IN 1632 HY STEPHEN HART.

The c urious old jug shown in the ac now k nown as "Cider Brook." He died companying illustration was brought to March, 1682, aged 77 years. The jug this country in 1632 by Stephen Hart has remained in the family ever since from Braintree, Sussex Co., England its present owner Mrs. Ellen (Hart) Mr. Hart settled in Massachusetts Bay Deming being of the ninth generation of and in 1639 was a proprietor at Hart H arts who have possessed it. In the ford. Conn. The records show that in background of the photograph is a .very 1672 he was one of the eighty-four beautifully decorated serving tray in proprietors of Farmington, and pur perfect condition. chased land of the Indians at a place THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. II5

Jrom t lt? liarg of a

fotwh1tuman} < ' /Py />it c1r1u rn*t ~

fgnlter. Z■.iL *->ynt>,>/ij 1u-4t frit -//>^/^rCnjf

/ILL N A of the wars of this ^fyWt' . ^^'<- *>*?t2** , country, from the very earli- est times, Farmington bad soldiers of whom she was just lv proud. But unfortunately detailed history of the individual sol dier is rarely to be obtained, and it is with genuine satisfaction that we are able to print the following concerning frt i **+u? ^nS^r <*rii.■4&'j(Li£ Colonel Fisher Gay who gave bis life for the country he loved so well, dur ing the war of the Revolution. The f ollowing appears in I 'o1. Magazine of American History. div-n1 , . ,1 P*/ Wj< /Sv,.<<) J (A*/td/£t » »>*»'«' fDiary o Lieutenant-Colonel Fisher Gay. .Original in care of Mr. Julius Gay, of Farmington. ( C olonel Gay went to Boston from Connecticut with re-inforcements, un der Colonel Erastus Wolcott, toward the close of the siege. In 1776 be com FACSIMILE^ C OLONEL CAY'S COMMISSION. manded a State Regiment, was taken 26th. U nwell by a bad cold and sore proved c ontrary and we continued forte- sick in Camp, at New York, and died throat. Was officer of the dav. and fying until Saturday evening — that is on the day of the Battle of Long Is very much fatigued going the r m1nls the 1oth — we went to go on Hook point land) at night. Returned and got to bed at to fortify. The enemy prevented by "Feby. 2 , 1776. Set off for headquar about 3 o'clock in the morning. firing about 12oo cannon. They killed ters to join the Army under the com 27th. R eturned at 9 o'clock and made 4 men for us with one cannon ball. mand of General Washington before report to General Ward, being so un Providence so ordered that I went out Boston, and arrived at Roxbury 61 h of well Major Brewer carried it for me. of the way of danger from any other said month. Stationed at Roxbury with hard sick with pleurisy and got to quarter only from the castle. the Regiment I belonged to and quar be sweating and came on an alarm and Sabbath m orning had orders from tered at Mr. Wyman's with Colonel reported that the regulars bad got on General Thomas to return to headquar Wolcott, and Mr. Perry. Was sent for to Dorchester. I turned out and on ters. There saw the 4 dead men. Came by General Washington to wait on his with my boots to join the Regiment of! the hill at evening. I commanded a excellency 13th of said month, and was although advised not to by Mr. Perry party of 4oo men from the castle. ordered by the General to go to Con and others. It happened to be a false nth. C olonel Woleott on the hill. necticut to purchase all the Gunpowder alarm. The doctor came in and blood An alarm in the morning I ordered the I could. ed me and sweat at night and physicked regiment to meet before the Colonel's Wento t Providence and from thence the next day. Nothing material more. doors after prayers. I marched them to Lebanon to Governor Trumbull, Our people began cannonading the town off with Major Chester. Near the alarm where I obtained 2 tun of the Govern of Boston the 2nd day of March at post, found instead of going to action or, and then to New London to Mr. evening 11 o'clock. Continued Sabbath the enemy had abandoned Boston. 5oo Iamford, and obtained from him an and Monday evening, nights. Monday troops ordered immediately. Ordered to order on Messers. Clark and Nightingill evening I went on to Dorchester Hill march into and take possession of the in Providence and returned to Camp with the regiment as a covering party. fortifications in Boston. Colonel Lear- the 19th and made report to the Gen 25oo men sent on and were relieved on nard. my self, Majors Sprout and Ches eral to his great satisfaction. the morning of the 5th by .?ooo men. ter with a number of other officers and 2oth. T ook Rhubarb and worked well. That night we throwed up two forts troops marched in and took possession 21st. S ergeant Maggot died in Cap on 2 advantageous hills. The enemy and tarried there until the 19th at night; tain Hart's company. made an attempt on the 6th at evening then returned to Camp at Roxbury. 24th. W ent to Cambridge and Wa- to come out to disposses us of our forts never people more glad at the de tertown. and drive us off the bill. The wind parture of an enemy and to see friends."

SWORD C ARRIED IN THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION BY COLONEL FISHER GAY- NOTICE THE ENGRAVED MOTTO ON THE BLADE "FREEDOM OR DEATH." 1I6 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

A ND ELVING in the mines therc must be a continual in- terest to sec what may be un covered ; it may be a wonder ful Geode or a pocket of gold. In searching among the various ma - teria! of Farmington, we were aston ished indeed to find these wonderful Peruvian remains Some distance from the trolley and in a very quiet neigh borhood we re-discovered these won derful relics, arranged in one of the Farmington homes'. It is true that Mr. Hooker had brought them from Peru some years ago, and most of the di; covery belongs to him, and also manv thanks for allowing us to use them in this work. As we read what he has written concerning their uses and dec orative value, it is also very interesting to learn that they are quite like the utensils of that mysterious early people of our country, the Mound Builders. Its i certainly a beautiful collection, and every specimen is perfect. Mr. Hooker writes as follows about them :

This a ncient Peruvian pottery was ex humed from the burial mounds of the earliest known inhabitants of that coun try. The specimens are from 2 in. to 10 1-2 in. in height, red. grey and black in color, are all unglazed and show vari ous stages in the ceramic art, from coarse unornamented gourd-like forms to carved and polished vessels closely resembling Greek and Latin amphorae. They are indeed nearly all water crofts, some arranged for carrying in the hand, others for suspension. Several are ornamented with the brush as well as with the tool. Some of the specimens are designedly grotesque, two are pro vided with a contrivance which emits a whistle when water is poured in. Much of the work in shape and orna mentation is like that of the Mound Builders and of other early peoples of North America, and many of the ves sels may be seen minutely repeated in other collections of Peruvian huacas. I brought this pottery from Peru in -S8. Very t ruly yours. .W. A Hooker. Farmington, June 3o, 1906. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

TCOTTAGE A D. N. BARNEY'S RESIDENCE OF NATHANIEL SLOCOMBE. (Pholos by y. Sloeombe,'} FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT,

"THE P ILGRIM PATH," RESIDENCE OF WM. A. HOOKER.

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. II9

FRONT D OOR AT "THE CEDARS."

FARM C OTTAGE AT "THE CEDARS." L - _ j WM,. A HOOKER,S COLLECTION OF PERUVIAN WATER CROFTS. (See a Un1que CoI1ec tion on Page JI6.)

TOOLS U SED BY JUDAH WOODRUFF— Supposed to have been used 1n the erection of the Congregationa1 C hurch.

THELD O W WW FARM— NOW A PART OF MOUNTAIN SPRING FARM. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. l21

THE - SHACK. " AT MOINTAIN SPRING FARM.

SOME R ARE CHINA BELONGING TO MISS JULIA S. BRANDEGEE. I22 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

jfarminaton a nb tbe IHnberorounb IRailwa^.

S/IT I hard to believe now, when rum. ' I tell ye, boss, that fetched ye Anderson h ad expected to settle down the North and South are be- home from paster !, " in Farmington. when one day he saw coming more and more closely The d aughter of one of the strong in the street a planter, a neighbor of joined, that at one time hatred abolitionists writes : "I remember my the plantation from which he had es was hitter between the two father going to Hartford once to one caped. Anderson was afraid to stay portions of the country, and that here of the hiding places where a negro was and never was seen here again. in quiet Farmington feeling ran high concealed in a wardrobe in the house. A v ery interesting story is told of and the fugitive-slave law was opposed It was winter and sleighing. The man Mrs. Hardy. One day her father left and disregarded by some hot-headed radi was put in the bottom of the sleigh and home telling her not to answer any cals called abolitionists. For us who covered in such a way as to resemble a questions that might be asked while he in this day are at all interested in so load of feed. He was brought to our was away. She, never dreaming of cial questions, it is hard to understand barn and there passed on to another asking why to any of her father's re why every one was not an abolitionist. place of safety and reached Canada in quests, spent most of the long summer I suppose it was hard then as now to due time." day on the doorstep, and saw in com decide every question on its own merits. There w ere about thirty abolitionists mon with the rest of the village a So we give the brave advocates and in town and each had to suffer more horse covered with lather being driven prophets of freedom the more honor, or less for the faith that was in him. frantically through the street. Later and easily forgive them their share in Jeers, rotten eggs — sometimes threats or she learned that a slave had been hid the disturbances of the time. worse. I hose were the days when den in the southwest bedroom and the helping one's fellow man was an actual man who drove so furiously through The U nderground Railway was the hard fact, costing real self sacrifice. name given, I suppose, to a route for the town was his owner. But the The d aughter of another prominent slave escaped. How we should love fugitive slaves from the South to Can abolitionist recalls her excitement over ada, and Farmington is proud of the to have helped ! Now we have no things for which she did not know the furious galloping, no secret signals and opprobrium of being one of its stations. reason, her feeling that all who were The route led from New Britain or mysterious hiding places attending the not in sympathy with her father were freeing of slaves. Southington through to Simsbury, and his bitter enemies, the mystery that several fugitive slaves were helped eBefore m lies a curious sheet of surrounded many ot his comings and paper, a bit of anti-slavery literature. over this, no one of whom was cap goings. She and her brother dug tured. A black kneels, his imploring hands and often in the ground, hoping always to crooked ankles chained together. Be Mr. R owe says of these times: "It find the "Underground Railway." low him is ti1e motto: "Am I not is true that an occasional bondman There were three stations in town, a man and a brother." Then follows found his way to Canada for freedom. one Mr. Horace Cowles' house, one Mr. a poem, the first verse of which I Farmington citizens had read some George Hurlburt's, and the other Wm. quote : where: ,We hold these truths to be self McKee's, the last house in Farmington evident that all men are created free on the Waterville road. The chimney " F brc'd from home and all its pleasures and equal, and have certain inalienable of this house is still standing. Africs c oast I left, forlorn ; rights, among which are life, liberty, and A c olored man living in town, in Mr. To increase a stranger's treasures, the pursuit of happiness., So the George Hurlburt's house, often went to O,er t he raging billows borne. fleeing fugitive was fed and housed and Mr. Elijah Lewis, at night, giving a Men from England bought and sold me. then sent on his way to liberty with a signal. Then they would go away to Paidy m price in paltry gold; blessing and a cheer, to gain in a gether. One night about nine o'clock But though slave they have enroll,d me monarchy what was refused in a repub Mr. Lewis met this colored man and Minds a re never to be sold." lic. One of the strangers remained for a slave where the wolf-pit road comes a time in the employ of a farmer. His out by the Hartford Turnpike. They And t hen a note : "England had hack exhibited marks of a fearful followed the high road to the Deer 800,000 slaves and she has made them scourging with a raw lash. In one of Cliff Farm and from there to Simsbury. Free. America has 2,250,000 and she the stores he was asked as to the suffer Mr. Lewis once sold some land to Holds Them Fast! ! !." ing. Pretty hard to bear, he said, hut Jane and Maria Thompson for George E. H. J. in Farmington Magazine, Sept., when the bleeding flesh was rubbed with Anderson, who was a fugitive slave. 1 9 01. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I23

ST. J AMES, CHURCH. The Rev. H Gordon Munro, Rector.

ST J AMES' PARISH owes its beginning to the zeal and labor of the Rev. Edward R Brown and of Charles Loring Whitman, layman. It was in this way. Mr. Whitman's aged father, lying at the point of death, desired to be baptized in the faith of the church. This sacrament was administered by the Rev Mr. Brown and it was then de termined by those present that a mission should be established in Farmington. Immediately after, October 5, 1873, the first service was held in the district school house. In the following year the chapel over the Post Office was prepared and services were held there for upwards of twenty-three years. The R ev. Edward R. Brown continued his ministrations until October, 1878, and Charles Loring Whitman died March 9, 1886. He had a worthy successor in Charles Stanley Mason, as warden of the Mission and afterwards of the church, which office he has held to this day. The c hurch was built in 1898, after, plans drawn by Henry H. Mason; was consecrated June 1, 1899, and the Mis sion was organized as St. James Parish, June 2, 1902. W. A. H. I24 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

C?3

"111R11SEYFVIEW ' ," RESIDENCE OF ARTHUR J BIRDSEYE

ARTHUR 1 . BIRDSBYE.

Although a l ate acquisition to Farm- ington society, Mr. Arthur J. Birdsey is one of its most enthusiastic citizens. "Farmington, first, last and always," is his sentiment. His charming home. "Birdseyeview," on the edge of the mountain overlooking the village, is here illustrated. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I25

ONHE T HART HOMESTEAD AT CIDER BROOK — R. B. B. FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT,

RESIDENCE O F MRS. ALFRED BUTLER. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I27

RESIDENCE O F FRANKLIN BLAKESLEY. FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT,

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I29

RUINSF O CANAL AQUEDUCT OVER FARMINGTON RIVER.

E H AVE on former occasions its g aily painted boats, its bridges and Sunday w as in general a free day, considered the libraries which quiet depths, and in winter a highway not by any means for the encourage our ancestors founded, the for merry skaters. In the first place, ment of .Sabbath-breaking, but because music they sang in the sanc however, let us for a moment consider every one was supposed to be travel tuary, the scanty learning the facilities for travel our townsmen ing to church or returning therefrom. taught them in the old log schoolhouse, enjoyed just before the days of the Funerals were free. The soldier on their noble services in the War of the canal. training day, the freeman on his way Revolution and in colonial days, the In t he year 1822 the principal means to town meeting, and the farmer going venerable houses which sheltered them of communication between the towns to mill might all proceed on their and finally the early industries of their of this state was bv the ordinary high way unmolested. Stage coaches were laborious and worthy lives. To-night way, sandy in summer, buriid out of sight beginning to appear. From the first we will go back no further than many ' by snow drifts in winter, and. when day of May a coach was advertised to of us can remember. What we have these began to melt m the spring, of leave Hartford on Monday, Wednes ourselves seen may perhaps interest us unknown depths. A charter for a day, and Friday at 3 o'clock A. M. quite as much as those things only our turnpike road to Bristol had been and arrive in Boston at 8 o'clock P. M. ancestors saw and of which they have granted in 1801 and revoked in 1819. Fare, $°-5o. Also we are informed left such meager knowledge. I pro The Talcott Mountain Turnpike Com that the "New Post-Coach Line Dis pose to speak of the Farmington Canal, pany was chartered in May, 1798, to patch, in six hours from Hartford to an institution of great expectation never run from Hartford through Farming- New Haven, leaves Hartford every realized, to the capitalist a losing ven ton to New Hartford, and the Green Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday at ture, to the farmer a great annoyance, woods Company, chartered six months 11 o'clock A. M. precisely, and running but to the boy of half a century ago later, was to proceed thence north through Farmington, Southington, and the most delightful source of endless ward to the state line. At the same Cheshire, arrives at New Haven at enjoyment. To-day the traveler, just session the Hartford and New Haven 5 o'clock P. M. in time for the before he is stopped in his rambles Turnpike Company was chartered, and steamboat. The above line westward by the river, will occasionally these roads, with one on the east of P ost-Coaches are new and in find traces of a good-sized ditch, here side of the Farmington River from modern style, horses selected with overgrown with alders, there cut deep New Hartford to the Massachusetts great care and are first-rate, drivers ly between high banks of sand, and line, constituted the turnpike facilities that are experienced. careful and again totally disappearing with the of this region. The traveler along steady. march of improvements. Before it these thoroughfares paid at the The b road Connecticut furnished shall have been wholly wined from the numerous toll gates, according to the ample means of communication for the face of the earth, like a picture on a style of his equipage, from 25 cents if river towns, and in the year 1822, of schoolboy's slate, let us for one evening in a four-wheeled pleasure carriage which we are writing, any restless recall it to mind ; in summer with all down to four cents if on horseback. spirits who were unwilling to waste I30 F ARMINGTOX. CONNICCTICUT.

PROPERTY O F LEWIS .y. STORRS -RESIDENCE OF CURTIS C. COOK, THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I3I

RESIDENCE O F ZACHARY TAYLOR. RESIDENCE O F JESSE MOORE. l32 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, ntime i beating against head winds rival c apital like others since their day, Previous t o commencing the excava could leave Hartford for Saybrook on commended the wisdom of the New tion, Gov. Wolcott delivered the fol the steamboat Experiment, Captain Haven people who were about to di lowing address : Haskell, on Tuesday and Friday, and vert the waters of the Connecticut Fellow C itizens and Friends: — We return the following days. from flowing past Hartford and turn are assembled on this anniversary of Such w cre the means of intercom them upon the mud flats in which their our National Independence to per mumcation in the year 1822 when 26o own shipping was usually stuck fast. form an interesting ceremony. The miles of the Erie Canal were an ac At length by a brilliant bit of fmancier time, the circumstances, and the ob complished fact and boats were to ing the money was raised. The ject of our meeting are calculated to run when the season opened. Why Mechanics Bank of New Haven was awaken reflections and to suggest should not this state have a canal chartered on condition of its sub thoughts peculiarly impressive. The also? So thought the public-spirited scribing for $2oo,ooo of the stock of noble enterprise of uniting the Val men of New Haven who, not con the Canal Company. The plan of ley of the Connecticut with the city tent with rivaling Hartford in their requiring a bonus from a newly char of New Haven by a navigable canal foreign commerce, wished also a water tered bank for some worthy object is this day to be commenced. To me communication with the interior towns. having been previously introduced with has been assigned the high honor of On the 29th of January, 1822. a meet the Phoenix Bank of Hartford and f1rst applying the hand of labor to a ing of citizens from seventeen towns continued in the case of the Connecti work which is itself magnif1cent, on the proposed line of the canal was cut River Banking Company and though, as I believe, but the f1rst of held at Farmington with the Hon. others. In July, 1825. we learn from a series of like operations which are Timothy Pitkin as moderator, and a the New Haven Register that "on to combine the resources of an ex committee was appointed to procure a Monday the 4th instant the ceremony tensive and flourishing country, .. survey and raise one thousand dollars of commencing the excavation of the . . On concluding the address, the to pay for the same. In May, 1822, Farmington Canal took place at Sal governor began the ceremony of dig The Farmington Canal Company was mon Brook village in Granby. The ging, in which he was assisted by the chartered. The canal was to run day was remarkably pleasant and the President of the Canal Company. from the tide waters of the harbor of exercises were appropriate and interest After the performance of this cere New Haven through Farmington to ing. There were from two to three mony, the Hon. Mr. Lyman addressed Southwick, Massachusetts, and a thousand people present on the occa the assembly. After the ceremonies branch along the Farmington River sion, and among them several gentle were concluded a numerous company through New Hartford to the north men of distinction from Massachusetts. partook of a dinner provided for the line of Colebrook. The branch, The barge f1tted up by Capt. Geo. occasion." though the subject of much after con Rowland of New Haven, drawn by troversy, was never built. Of the four horses, in which he and several We u sed to hear that much of this six charter commissioners, Gen. gentlemen of our city (New Haven) glorif1cation occurred on the Sabbath George Cowles was the member from embarked for Southwick, gave an ad day, and that that was the cause the this town, and here they held their ditional interest to the occasion, and canal never prospered. The Fourth first meeting on the 8th of July, 1822. the sight of it was highly gratifying to of July, however, that year fell on Subscription books were opened July all present, the plan was well designed Monday, and Deacon Hookefr, a 15th and the stockholders held their and happily executed, and reflects great strict observer of the Puritan Sab first meeting on the 31st and chose credit on the gentlemen who con bath, and one who took part in the twenty-one directors, of whom Solomon ceived the project. The services of celebration, writes, "On Saturday a Cowles and Samuel Deming were the day were commenced with prayer boat on wheels drawn by four horses two. In the latter part of the year by the Rev. Mr. McLean. The Dec arrived in town from New Haven 1823 a survey was made, and the es laration of Independence was read by this afternoon containing old Mr. timated cost of the work was $42o,698 - the Hon. Timothy Pitkin, and an able Hillhouse, the superintendent of the 88. From a map of the canal printed oration was delivered by Burragc canal, and eight or ten other persons. in 1828, giving distances and the Beach, Esq., after which a procession It was covered with a white awning heights and position of the locks, it was formed under the command of and curtains decorated with two appears that this canal was only a Gen. George Cowles, which moved to flags. On its stern was painted small part of a grand project. It the north line of the state in the fol 'Farmington Canal,' and on each side was to at the state line with lowing order, viz : 'For Southwick & Mcmphremagog.' the Hampshire and Hampden Canal The S imsbury Artillery. On Monday," the deacon writes, "at to be constructed in Massachusetts, Capt. R owland's boat drawn by six 5 o'clock this morning. I rode with and that in turn was to be continued horses, [the reporter has judiciously brother Martin Cowles in a chaise to northward along the west bank of the increased the number since we started] Granby village where a large concourse , crossing it at in which were seated the Governor of of people assembled to celebrate Ameri Brattleborough into New Hampshire, the State; the President of the Canal can Independence and to perform and and then, sometimes in New Hampsh1re Company ; the orator of the day, the witness the ceremonies of breaking and sometimes in Vermont, it was Hon. Jonathan H. Lyman of North ground for the Farmington Canal. . to reach Lake Mcmphremagog through ampton ; the Commissioners and the . . Gov. Wolcott read an address and which connection was possible with Engineer; together wfth several of performed the ceremony of breaking the St. Lawrence River in Canada. the Clergy. ground by digging a small hole with A grand scheme to rival the Erie The D irectors and Stockholders of a spade. Mr. Lyman, of Northamp Canal in importance. Subscriptions the Canal Company. ton, made an address on horseback, and. came in slowly. The river towns Citizens f rom this state and Mas after a few other ceremonies, the laughed at the project which was to sachusetts. multitude returned to Granby, and rival their broad river, and writers in The p rocession, composed of gentle about three hundred dined together on the Connecticut Courant who must men in carriages, wagons, and on the village green under a bowery. have their joke at the expense of the horseback, was two miles in length. Returned home and arrived about ten THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I33

"ELM F ARM," RESIDENCE OF CLARENCE A. ALDERMAN.

p .■

I

RESIDENCE O F JOSEPH H. IBELL.

R.!. 1 STATION. RESIDENCE OF ELMS CASE. FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT.

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I35 in t he evening." And so the canal ing a ccount of the first letting the "Sam D ickinson's father was captain was begun. The governor said so, water into the Farmington Feeder in of the boat. She was named for and the deacon testif1ed to a small hole a letter of Commander Edward Hooker James Hillhouse of New Haven, the in the ground. The great concourse of the U. S. Navy. president of the company, and I well of people after much oratory and "When t he canal was fmished, the remember many journeyings on board drinking of toasts had gone home, and feeder dam near Unionvillc was built, of her to and from New Haven, f ir it is to be hoped that all the valiant the feeder prepared, and the water was then everybody traveled by boat and warriors who marched that day under let into the canal there on a certain the stages were nowhere. .. .Of all General George got safely home day — speeches, flags, rum. sandwiches, the boats that ever battled with I he again. big day, etc., etc. Father ( that is Dea raging tide of the old canal, not one A l ittle more than two years pass con Hooker) and Mr. William Whitman had so wide and famous a reputation and the little hole in the ground reached went out there together, and little Will for pass(nger comforts and prompt from Southwick Ponds to the waters Whitman and I went with them. A sort movements as the staunch old James of Long Island Sound. Water was of gate was built to let the water Hillhouse and her genial captain. Not let into it in Cheshire and a corres through, and it was supposed there one had so nicely fitted-up cabins as pondent of the Connecticut Courant would be such a rush that the open the gentlemen's cabin aft and the writes : "On Saturday, November 24th, ing was very narrow. When the ladies, cabin forward as she had, and the Cheshire summit being so far com speakers had made themselves hoarse, not one captain on the surging seas pleted as to be navigable, three boats the people yelled and the big gun had of the canal had such a ringing, con and a cannon were provided, and at brayed, — the Unionville gun, — Sam vincing voice, when he shouted 'Bridge! 3 o'clock, on the firing of a signal gun, Dick will remember that old iron Bridge!, as Captain Dickinson; and the Petticoat Flag was hoisted on board gun, for he and Lute Cowles were in above all things else, not one of them the Fayette, and the boats started from strumental once in getting it loaded, set so good a table, and yet some of the north end of section ('.?. On pass ing the summit three cheers were given and one gun fired. On its safe re turn three cheers were given and a Federal Salute of 24 gnus fired. The ceremony closed by a plentiful refresh ment to every one who had worked on the canal." Winter w as now fast approaching and little more was done on the canal that year. Deacon Hooker gives us an account of maritime affairs in Farm ington at the opening of navigation the next season. ' Friday, June, 20th, 18j8. Very fine weather. A multitude of people collected this afternoon to wit ness the launching and sailing of the f1rst canal boat that has been seen at Farmington. Everything was con ducted well. Bell ringing, cannon f1r ing, and music from the Phoenix liand were accompaniments. About two hundred gentlemen and ladies, who were previously invited and furnished INHE T OLD CANAL— At Spruce Bank. with tickets, sailed to and over the those o ld canalers could (or their aqueduct and back again. The boat one F ourth of July, with a cartridge cooks could) make savory dishes out was drawn at f1rst by four, and after filled with oats instead of powder, and of Cape Cod turkey and eloquent beans wards by three, large gray horses so shut up its noise all the rest of the and juicy pork. Long live the mem handsomely decked, and rode by as day. When the gun brayed, the gate ory of the old James Hillhouse and many black boys dressed in white. was knocked away and the f1rst water her jolly Captain Dickinson." Crackers and cheese, lemonade, wine, came into the canal. The opening The p art of the canal through which etc., were furnished to the guests, and was so small that at first all the water Commander Hooker saw the first the musicians performed very fmely soaked into the sand. Axes soon in water run was known as the feeder. on the passage. The boat was named creased the flow, and it began to move It took water from a dam across the James mllhons,- with three cheers along, not very fast, and Will Whit Farmington river a little below Union while passing the aqueduct." The man and I ran down into the canal ville, and delivered it into the main Couront states that . "the boat was bed and ran along just ahead of the canal just above the aqueduct, supply owned by Messrs. Cowles and Dickin water. Our fathers, no doubt, kept ing the place of unavoidable leakage son, and was launched at Pitkin's alung the bank ready to f1sh us out from Northampton to Farmington. A Basin, and that other boats were fmished if we got caught by the water; but considerable source of water was and floated ready for . immediate use we didn't get caught, and we ran quite from the numerous brooks which as soon as the water in sufficient depth a distance keeping just ahead of the emptied into the canal, and, lest the shall have reached New Haven harbor, water. Soon, however, the axes in supply should, during a protracted it being now at navigable depth from creased the opening and Will and I storm, be in excess, a contrivance called the head of the feeder on Farming- had to get out of the way of the rush the waste-gates was built on the line ton River to Taylor's tavern near ing tide, the first water in the old of Poke Brook. Hither, after every New Haven." We have the follow Farmington canal. storm, Mr. Leonard Winship might

RESIDENCE O F MICHAEL E. RYAN. THE V ILLAGE OF REAUTIFUL HOMES. I37

THE M ICHAEL LOXO PLACE— RESIDENCE OF JOSEPH MeCORMICK. I38 F ARM I NGTON, CON N ECTICUT, have b een seen hastening to raise the fectly c ertain, but the proprietors (my tion f or the year 1828. The constantly gates. In consideration for his services neighbor Dickinson and Col. Gad thickening ice impeded the passage of he was allowed to build a turning shop Cowles) are ambitious to have their boats and the water was let out to await on the north bank of the brook adjoining boat enjoy the honor of making the the return of spring and the opening the tow-path, and use the surplus first passage. Pleasant but rather of business. The merchants began to water to turn his wheels. On one cold. Edward and I rode to the advertise in the newspapers in big type. memorable occasion the water s1mply South Basin in it. Wednesday, No "Canal Navigation. Port of farming- was so much in excess of his needs vember 12th. A notable day at Farm ton. Just arrived and for sale," etc., as to carry off his big overshot wheel ington and to be remembered as the etc. House and farms were adver well nigh to the river and threaten first time of canal boats arriving in tised as highly desirable, only such and the whole establishment. I remember our village from other towns. About such distances from the canal. The seeing the wheel standing under an noon the canal boat Enterprises built administrator 0n the estate of Seth apple tree where it had lodged all at Ithaca, N. Y., and loaded with Lewis recommends his tavern as being one summer. It was finally got back sixty thousand shingles from Seneca only f1fty rods from the canal. A new into place before the canal came to Lake, arrived. In about half an hour hotel, now a principal part of Miss an inglorious end. afterward the Weatogue, a handsome Porter,s schoolhouse. of dimensions The y ear 1828 was now pretty mm h packet boat, arrived from Simsbury commensurate with the coming pros spent, and as yet the principal business with a company of ladies and gentle perity, arose and was fondly deemed of the canal had been to carry excur men on their way to New Haven, and the most magnif1cent structure of all sion parties short distances with much after stopping an hour departed on the region round. A young man, writ oratory, musie, and good cheer, a free their way. The Farmington band of ing home an account of his travels advertisement of the great things music accompanied them a few miles through the principal towns of New, which were to be. Here is a speci out. It was drawn by three horses. England in 1832 could fmd no higher men card published in the Connecti About 4 o,clock, P. M., the elegant praise for the architectural wonders he cut Courant returning the thanks of packet boat, New England, arrived saw than that they surpassed even the the good people of Simsbury for one from New Haven with passengers and Union Hotel of Farmington. The canal of these pleasant occasions : one hundred barrels of salt on board. boat owners also advertised that dur "The u ndersigned, a committee in The Farmington band, having met ing the ensuing season as soon as the behalf of nearly two hundred ladies the boat, returned in her to the village canal is navigable, the American Eagle, and gentlemen who were gratuitously with animating music. Our village Capt. John Matthews, will leave Farm furnished with passage and entertain bell could not ring, having broken its ington on Monday, and the DeWitt ment on board the new and elegant tongue ringing for joy at the arrival Clinton. Capt. E. O. Gridley, on Thurs packet-boat Weatogue, built and owned of the other boat at noon, but there day, of each week, and returning, leave by our enterprising citizen, John O. was some scattering f1ring of muskets. New Haven on each succeeding Thurs Pettibone, Esq., which made an ex Between 9 and 10 in the evening the day and Monday. And now while the cursion from Simsbury to the aqueduct sound of the bugle and the f1ring of elegant packet-boats and other craft across the Farmington river, at Farm- their swivel denoted the arrival of are frozen in the ice, and Captain Dick ington, on Thursday afternoon the Dickinson's boat, which demonstrated inson is turning bis attention to house 23d of October, present the thanks of the practicability of navigating our building, and the owners of all this fme the party to the proprietor for his po canal, especially by her return, al property are looking anxiously for some liteness and liberality manifested upon though in going down there was barely returns on their investment, let us con the occasion, and to Captain Funis enough water to the boat between sider a little the fmancial situation of for his accommodating and gentleman Farming1on and Southington. ... the canal company from its published ly conduct, likewise to the citizens of Friday, November 28th, damp and un statements. They tell us that in 1826 Northington f or the cheerful greeting comfortable day. Rode to Northing- the stock of the Farmington Canal Com and cordial reception of the boat and ton to attend an adjourned town meet pany was united with that of the Hamp party in that village. This with Mr. ing. A number of people went down shire and Hampden Company of Mass Gridley's handsome boat, the Ameri thither in a canal boat as far as R. F. achusetts. In 1827 the funds from the can Eagle, of Farmington, which passed Hawley's and then walked about a stock subscription were exhausted. In us on an excursion of pleasure north mile to the place of meeting." 1828 the company labored under great ward, being the two f1rst boats which This w as the f1rst instance of our citi embarrassment from the want of funds, have navigated this part of the line, zens attending town meeting by canal- and suffered from freshets and from afforded a scene no less interesting boat. The meeting had reference to the the work of malicious individuals. In from from its novelty than gratfving division of the town which was soon af 18.19 the canal was opened to Westf1eld to our citizens, as an event furnishing terward happily consummated to the and the fmancial embarrassments of the evidence of the completion of the lasting peace and happiness of all par company were relieved by the subscrip canal." ties concerned, as must always be the tion of one hundred thousand dollars sLet u now return to the narrative case when diverse local interests clash. to its stock by the city of New Haven of Deacon Hooker: "Monday, Novem Nor were town meetings the only gath For the next seven years considerable ber 1oth, 1828. This morning the business was done which had a percep canal boat James Hillhou.se, with Dick erings attended by canal-boat. Before tible effect upon the prosperity of New inson as Captain, Newell lieutenant. a church was erected in Plainville. wor shipers came thence by boat to the old Haven and other places on the line of Captain Goodrich, an old sea captain, the canal. In 1835 the canal was fm at the helm, Curtis bulger, etc., etc., and meeting-house at the center, beguiling the way with psalm singing and other ished to the Connecticut River, the f1rst several passengers, started for New boat passing through on the 21st of Haven, and is the f1rst boat from pious recreations. One of these old- time worshippers once told me that the August of that year. The company did Farmington that has undertaken to go not own the boats which passed through through, the canal being now open for small boys were wont to f1sh for shiners from the stern of the boat, their elders its canal, but allowed any one to use navigation, but the water not having yet it on paying toll. Such was the custom risen high enough to render the conniving at this mild form of going- a-hshing-on- Sunday. So ended naviga of the early railroads as well as canals practicability of the undertaking per THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. l39

THE M eCAHILL PLACE— RESIDENCE OF ANDREW M. SWANSON. l40 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

PINE K NOLL FARM— RLSIDENCE OF P. A. HOLT. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I4I until t rains became numerous and the out t he whole business season of eight holes r eady to fall an easy prey to the confusion of separate management in months, and the business was extended youthful fisherman. Boats bearing on tolerable. The - tolls were only suf by the establishment of a line of boats their sterns the names: Gold Hunter, f1cient to pay the ordinary expenses of to run from Northampton to Brattle- Enterprise, Paragon, Sachem, Ameri the company, while its heavy debt and boro, Vermont. can Eagle, James Hillhousc, DelVitt very extensive damages to the canal in 1843. C anal damaged $20,000 by Clinton, and I know not how many 1836 made it necessary that some meas floods and the whole fall trade lost. other names, passed frequently, and the ure of relief should be found. The Repairs finished November 6th. boys had but to drop from the nearest plan finally adopted was the formation 1844. T he canal was navigable its bridge upon their decks and ride as of a new company, the New Haven and entire length throughout the whole sea far as they would. If the captain amused Northampson Company. As the plan son without a single day,s interruption. himself by steering too far from the involved the entire relinquishment of 1845, N avigation interrupted from towpath for the boys to jump ashore, all the stock of the Farmington Canal the middle of July to the last of Sep they had only to wait for the next Company, it may be proper here to men tember by an unprecedented drought. bridge which they climbed into where tion the amount of it. It was as fol October 7th, a breach in the embank the sides had been previously knocked lows : ment occurred at Ten-Mile Run, cost into wide gaps for their accommodation. ing $7,000, the work of design. The farmers hated the canal. The water Shares. 1846. A l arge majority of the stock leaked through the towpath and turned Mechanics B ank, New Haven, 2.000 held in New York by parties who were their meadows into swamps. The fCity o New Haven 1,000 unwilling to make any further advances. rickety bridges frightened their cattle Citizensf o New Haven 1,229 Charter obtained for a railroad. and were set so high that it was b 1rd Citizensf o New York City . .. 924 1848. R ailroad opened to Plainville, to draw a good-sized load of hay over fCitizens o Farmington 125 January 18th. Navigation was not sus one, but it will be hard to find one who Citizensf o Cheshire 74 pended till the railroad was ready to was a boy in those happy days speak Citizensf o Simsbury 46 take the place of the canal. evil of the Farmington »:anal. Nor Citizensf o other towns 16 I d istinctly remember one of the was it the small boy only that found re 5414 breaks in the canal which interrupted creation on the old canal. Those of an business. It occurred a little north of older growth did not disdain its quiet Farmington a lso subscribed 76 shares the gristmill just as a boat loaded with pleasures. I remember standing one in the stock of the Hampshire and coal was passing. The boat was swept fine autumn day on the old "Yellow Hampden Canal Company. The New down into the river, and the coal scat Store Basin" wharf and watch a pack Haven a nd Northampton Company was tered over the river bottom as far north et-boat sail away northward with a jolly organized June 22, 1836. The stock in as the Whirlpool. Probably some fu crew for a week's fishing on Southwick the two old companies was surrendered, ture savant, a hundred years h?nce, will ponds. They were farmers who had the creditors subscribed their debts, and find traces of this coal and triumphant finished haying, merchants tired of daily there was a cash subscription of net ly argue that sometime the Farmington drudgery, and foremost among them all capital. $120,184.92. And now a rival river was navigable by steamboats and chief organizer of the expedition. appeared to whom all ordinary canals which dropped the coal overboard. I Professor John Pitkin Norton, who have had to give way, more formidable remember also seeing the first train loved his favorite science much, but than the Connecticut River itself. On of cars come into Plainville. It was nature more, enthusiastie, laborious, the 3d of December, 1838, the Hartford in January, and my impression is that healthy minded, an ardent disciple of and New Haven railroad was opened we skated down on the canal, a not good old Isaak Walton, and ever ready from New Haven to Meriden, the time unusual excursion for the boys on a in spirit with him to invoke the bless over the eighteen miles being fifty- Saturday afternoon. Skating was not ing of St. Peter,s Master "upon all that seven minutes. The subsequent history then the performance of sundry fancy are lovers of virtue, and dare trust in of the canal is briefly reported thus : figures on a square rod of ice, but a his providence, and be quiet and go a- 1841. T his year, for the first time, swift race mile after mile to Plainville Angling." Of all the worthies who a business communication was opened or the Aqueduct, or even to Avon, and sailed on that expedition but two sur through the canal between New York he who could outstrip his companions vive. They have long since laid aside city and the upper part of Massachu with the greatest ease and the most their fishing-rods and only occasionally setts, Vermont, and New Hampshire. graceful motion was the best skater. are heard to recount the marvelous ex Many tons of merchandise were trans But we knew that the canal was doomed, ploits of that week's life on the old ported upon the canal for those regions. and that this was probably our last win canal. In August of this year the story of the ter,s expedition of any considerable sSuch i a brief account of an inter esting episode in the more recent his canal connects itself with an interest length. The farmers the next spring tory of this village. Whatever honor ing episode in the history of the vil dug outlets for the little water that re attaches to the enterprise belongs to lage. The Amistad captives, just set mained, and the boys were driven to the the Hon. James Hillhouse of New Ha free by the United States Supreme river for amusement, which, especially ven. His biographer, Dr. Bacon, tells us that he took no part in obtaining the Court, were living here until their re for the smaller ones, was a poor sub charter, but thereafter, though far ad turn to Africa the following year. While stitute for the old canal. While that vanced in life, yielded to the solicita swimming in Pitkin's Basin, Foone, one remained no boy could help learning tions of the townsmen who, since he of their number, was drowned, although to swim. The water was just so deep led them in repelling the invasion of Tryon, had always looked to him as an expert swimmer. He had left a that any frightened learner had but to the one man able to accomplish anv pub wife, parents, and sisters in Africa, and stand on tiptoe and his head was at lic enterprise to which they called him. just before his death exclaimed: "Foone once safely above water. Evervbody He died in 1832 while the canal seemed die and see his mother." It was prob learned to row a boat as soon as he about to justify all the care and labor ably a case of suicide. A decent monu was old enough to run away and get he had lavished upon it. *An h istorical address by Mr. Julius ment in the cemetery near by records to the canal, and the water was full Gay, delivered at the annual meeting of the incident. of roaches shining in the sun, and the Village Library Co., September 13, 1842. T he canal was operated through bullheads and eels down in the deep 1899. I42 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

RESIDENCE O F NELSON N. KOSWELL, I44 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

"WALNUT G ROVE FARM"— E. W. AND N. W. TILLO'MON, THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I45

H { True Stone of ©lb ZimcQ in jfarminoton.

Q E VENTY-FIVE years ago: no numbed, t hey looked for instant death trouble. I s ee that most of you have •"W r ailroads, no telegraphs, — but for themselves at first. But, ap f1rearms. I make it a strict order hearts were brave or cowardly, parently, the madman had turned back that no man shall fire on old Mike, true or false, just as now. It into the night. even if a good chance offers itself. was an evening in late Octo When t heir terror could find vent Surround him if possible, catch him by ber; the sun had set clear; and frost in screams, the only support that they all reasonable means; but bring the was in the chilly air. Away up on the could bring was Jerusha, the "help;" poor creature into town quietly and "mountain road," in the low-browed, for the hired man had already gone safely, so that he won,t be roused to wide spreading farmhouse, Mr. Brown- for his evening's pleasure. fury, and, above all, don't shoot." low looked around with a sigh of con So t he four women left their dead, eThen h distributed the men by tent on the oheery square room where and fled to the village for aid. In a twos and threes in such a way that all the family would spend a peaceful moment, for them, peace and happiness the districts of the town, which old evening. He reflected that his stock were turned into terror and grief. Mike could have reached by that time, was well cared for, that his barns were 'Iheir a gonized flight down the would be faithfully scoured in a full, that he was able to assist those shadowy hillside was finished just as systematic manner. If old Mike who were poorer than himself : and the tranquillizing good night of the should be found, a whistle and a after praising the especially delicious nine o'clock bell was booming; but it halloo were to inform those who were supper which his wife and sisters had changed to a wild clanging which near at hand, and as soon as possible prepared, he threw fresh sticks on the brought forth a hasty crowd of men the church bell would give the signal fire, and settled down for the enjoy and boys, with "What's the matter?" that the search was over. If he should ment of the Weekly Courant. which on every lip. Each one was eager not be found, the different bands of he had brought from the village that to set out on the search for the luna men, converging from the outside afternoon. With his reading he tie, lest he should do some other deed to the center, would meet at sunrise mingled running remarks : "Good of horror Lanterns and warm coats on the green to discuss plans for apple crop this year, they say. We were quickly brought, and in an in future search. All assented cordially picked the last in the home lot to-day. credibly short time, at least sixty men to the plan of the campaign ; and soon They,re the best I ever picked. We've were ready to start on the quest, and the village center seemed deserted, ex got a good yield of turnips, too, and in groups of eight or ten, were rush cept for the lights of those who were the turkeys are getting as fat as but ing off: when "Hold on!" shouted hurrying off to accompany the af ter ; we shall have plenty to eat and Deacon Deming in stentorian tones, flicted women of the Brownlow family plenty to sell. Be sure to invite every "Call those boys back ! Attention ! to their desolate home. There was body to Thanksgiving, mother." every one." one dissenting voice, however, that of Again : " Well ! the paper says that "Now n eighbors," he continued, "we James Williams. He was a son of old Mike, the crazy man, has got out. shall never accomplish anything in this one of the leading men of the town, and that he,s running loose round the belter skelter way. I move that we bright and winning, but spoiled by country. You must look out, girls." have one man to direct matters to lack of early parental training. He Miss Maria laughed a little: "I don't night, and that man'd better be 'Squire and Jonathan Hinsdale, who was believe he'd come way up here?" Morton, in my opinion." considered the pride of the village, "No : I suppose 'twould be rather too The s atisfaction of all with this had been inseparable friends from much trouble. H'm. — 'when last proposal was expressed by a cheer ; childhood, and they were often called seen, wore a plaid camlet cloak.' " and after a little modest hesitation on "David and Jonathan." The c at purred, the clock ticked, the 'Squire Morton's part, he stepped on the James a lmost idolized his friend, knitting-needles clicked; Mr. Brown- church horse-block, and gave out his who. besides having great powers of low almost nodded. impromptu orders. He was a man mind, was endowed with the stability A k nock resounded from the "end- of spare frame, and simple manner; and self-control which James lacked. door," which opened directly out of but his clean-cut features and deep- Jonathan was soon to marrv the doors. "That's Stcbbins, come to see set eyes gave promise of a lofty, fear pretty sister of James ; and it was a matter of rejoicing to the friends and about buying, that colt." So up less nature; and on his face the lines jumped Mr. Brownlow, and hospitably of experience indicated wisdom and neighbors that he was to be a minis opened wide the door. penetration. He neither assumed nor ter, then considered the profession of A v ision of a wild, haggard face, a demanded especial authoritv, but his most honor in the community. " grumbled James, as the plaid cloak, a flashing axe was all, and simple words showed that he was ac "Well ! poor Mr. Brownlow lay dead across the customed to lead. two started for West Farms. their threshold, his head cloven at one * "My f riends, a dreadful thing has assigned place of search, "I don't sec stroke ! happened to-night. Don't let any why I should be hampered by 'Squire Oh ! t he horror of that moment for Morton,s orders. I know how to use those women ! Speechless and be carelessness of ours bring more l46 F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT,

RESIDENCE O F MRS. W. A. UNDERWOOD— FORMERLY THE JUNIUS S. COYVLES PLACE. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I47

RESIDENCE O F MRS. JANE R. GRISWOL11, 148 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, a g un without being tied up by any word. " I never saw such grit as winter, a p oor woman in a house miles old granny regulations like that. I that," said Bill Judd in relating the away from the scene of the tragedy despise people who are afraid of every incident to a circle of listeners the heard a timid knock at her door. So thing. I shall use my own judgment next day. childlike was it, that she forgot the cus about firing." Jonathan tried to rea But t he dreaded and yet much tomary fear of opening doors to out son with him a little, but it was use sought lunatic was not even seen. He side knocks, only to fmd herself con less then, and he had no idea that eluded them or had fled to some region fronted by old Michael himself. There James would really encounter Michael ; entirely beyond their f1eld of search. were the tattered remnants of the so he turned to other subjects while Glimmers of the dawn appeared, and plaid camlet cloak, the wild eyes and they were prowling about in the dark the night's work seemed about to end sunken cheeks, — yes, it was surely he. ness. in disappointment. Her very frame seemed to collapse; Hours p assed on. Patiently the Just t hen, James Williams, sleepily but she was a woman of nerve. The men, most of them weary at the start stumbling through some underbrush, axe was not visible, and the man looked from a day of toil, plodded over hill saw a f1gure moving toward him weak and tired. "Will you please sides and meadows, th1ough swamps th rough a grove of young trees. The give me something to eat?" was all that and forests. Nothing could be found steps were light and quick, the man he said. "Certainly, certainly," re of old Michael, except that a branch of certainly carried a heavy weapon, and plied she, with rcadv tact. "Sit down a young maple, freshly lopped off. looked James thought that he detected in the by the fire to get warm, while I bring as if he might have been wielding his dimness the fluttering folds of a you some baked beans." The woman,s terrible axe again. cloak. He could not, alone, capture stock of provisions was poor and yAnd, b the lantern's light, tracks Michael, for surely it must be he; if scanty, but she brought forth the best were seen around an old, lonely house he should wound the violent man in she had, and set it kindly before the which made the eight or ten men who the arm, he would give himself no hungry man. deftly managing to re had met there, sure that old Michael more than a proper advantage. move all knives from sight. Then had secreted himself in the cellar. Soe h raised his musket and f1red. she asked : "Would you like some They gathered in the old kitchen for The shot rang out ominously and it milk? I will get it in the buttery, consultation. If Michael was really brought a half-dozen men running to Come Solomon," to her little boy, in the cellar, he must be brought out, the scene. They found James Wil whose patched clothes ill became his and the search must be ended ; but who liams wildly calling on Jonathan Hins royal name. "Come and help me get wished to creep down rickety stairs into dale to speak. it." So she took the boy to the but the abvssmal darkness of an old-fash But t he dead speak not. David had tery, and once within, she pushed him ioned cellar, to be met by a madman slain Jonathan. through the little square window, prmed with an axe? And t hus, before the suj1 looked on charging him to run for his life to the ,Squire M orton looked around the the earth again, a second family was nearest neighbors, and to say that little company. plunged into woe. Three families. I crazy Mike was in her kitchen, but "I w ill go down to look for Michael. might say, for while some bore with was "peaceable" just then. Her plan Who'll go with me?" melancholy steps the lifeless form of worked perfectly. By various soft be- No one volunteered. the gifted Jonathan to his home, it re guilements, she kept Michael interested "I am going. I call no one of you quired all the efforts of three or four in hot food and drink until some men to go with me." men to restrain the self-reproachful arrived, who approached him as friends, Even h is authority failed. Each ravings of the unfortunate James, who were by him received as such, and so head was shaken to show that courage knew that his return to his home easily led away the man who had was lacking. Then with lips a little must bring a blight blacker than death caused terror for weeks. more firmly set, and eyes looking to his family. "Oh, why did I not The p oor demented man was taken straight forward, ,Squire Morton lighted obey orders? Oh, Jonathan I I loved to the house of Mr. Morton wl1o was a candle, and briefly saying, " Then I you better than myself, and I have deputy sheriff for the county for forty will go alone," opened the door and killed you! Oh, my sister! What years ; and there strong men kept their calmly stepped down into the darkness shall I do when I see you?" vigil around his bed all night, lest his and to possible death. Every face was He v oiced the thoughts of all; they fury should burst forth again. Morn pale, — the men hardly breathed, so contrasted the calm fearlessness of ing came without an outbreak and he acute was the suspense wl1ile they hud Mr. Morton with James's reckless in was taken to Hartford, where he was dled around the head of the cellar stairs dependence of control. tried, and his insanity having been to listen. They heard his careful Perhaps y ou would like to know the proved, he was assigned to safe-keep footsteps as every part of the dim gentle means by which old Michael was ing. cavern was explored and then at last at last caught. For weeks the whole Never a gain did he escape to terrify he came back to them, safe and alone. country side was aroused to secure the dwellers in Fannington ; but often All that he said was "Michael is not him. Bills describing him were posted was the tragedy of that night repeated there ;" and each man knew that it was at every road, so that every one in to awestruck listeners, and the story has certain that no lurking-place in that the country knew his appearance, by been handed down to succeeding gen cellar sheltered Michael from sight. report. He was sometimes traced, but erations. But after that modest proof of un was not taken. Every one felt that — E 1.len Strong Bartlett. in Farming- flinching courage, those men would life was in jeopardy while he was at ton Magazine, April, 1902, have obeyed 'Squire Morton's slightest large. One sunny afternoon in early THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I49

1

'THE H ORSE TRADE.' ISO F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

AN H ISTORICAL ADDRESS

DELIVERED A T THE

Opening o I tbe Dillage Xibranp

Of F arm1ngton, Conn., September 30, 1890.

BY J ULIUS GAY. ;* \-

E H AVE met this evening to dry c hanges in name and organiza der f or the army, a conductor of the open, to the use of the pub tion has survived to the present time. church music with Gov. Treadwell for lie, the library, which the gen The f 1rst librarian was Elijah Porter, assistant, the treasurer of the town erosity of the citizens and a soldier of the Revolution, who served for eight years, and clerk of probate friends of this village has in three years with the Connecticut troops for thirty-nine years, and until the of stituted. By the way of introduction, a on the Hudson, and was for many years f1ce passed out of the control of the old brief account has been thought f1tting a deacon in the Congregational church. Federal party. He was one of the» of an older library founded here a cen The members of the f1rst committee were seventy signers of an agreement to tury ago, of the men who organized it, Martin Bull, John Mix, and Isaac march to Boston, in September, 1774. and of the literary taste of their times. Cowles. Martin Bull, also a deacon to the assistance of our besieged coun There h ave been other libraries in this of the church, was a man of versatile trymen, if needed. Of all his numerous town also well-deserving consideration, powers and occupations, — a goldsmith occupations, perhaps none pleased the if time permitted. Seven were in active and maker of silver spoons and sjlver worthy deacon more than writing long operation in the year 1802, with an ag buttons, a manufacturer of salt-petre and formal letters to his friends. One gregate of 1,041 volumes on their when it was needed in making gunpow- series of f1fteen to a student in col shelves costing $1,241.00. The most re cent library is too well known to you all to need any enlogy or description from me. If the Tunxis Library had not attained its remarkable prosperity, there is little reason to suppose we should have been here this evening. In t he year 1795, when the Revolu tionary War had been a thing of the past for twelve years, the people of this village found time to turn their energies to peaceful pursuits. The long and bitter contentions in the church had just given place to peace and good will by the settlement of the beloved pastor, the Rev. Joseph Washburn, in May of that year. The Hon. John Treadwell of this town, afterward Gov. Treadwell, was at this time a member of the up per house of the State Legislature, and John Mix, Esq., had just begun to rep resent the town in the lower house twice each year as certainly as the months of May and October came around. These worthy and public-spirit ed men, with such assistance as their fellow townsmen were ready to offer them, founded, in that year, the first library in this village of which we have any extended record. They called it ''The Library of the First Society in Farmington," and this library with sun- THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

MILLT A SCOTT SWAMP. I52 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

THELD O FREDERICK ANDRUS PLACE IN I88o. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. l53

lege, f ull of kindly feeling and pious bought w ith alacrity. The conquest of Mahomet, C romwell, Frederick the exhortation, has come down to us, but Canaan by President Dwight, and the Great, Eugene, Newton, Doddridge, whose appalling solemnity would tend to Vision of Columbus by Joel Barlow — Boyle, Franklin, and Putnam. Of books drive the modern college youth into those two epic poems which were of travel, there were Anson's Vovage any dissipation for relief. thought to be so inspired by the Genius Around the World. Cook's Voyages, John M ix, the second member of the of American Liberty as to put to shame Wraxall's Tour Through Europe, Vol- committee, was a graduate of Yale Col all the works of effete monarchies and ney's Travels in Egypt and Syria, Nie- lege, and an officer in the Revolution empires. To these they added the poems buhr's Travels in Arabia, Cox's Travels ary War, serving first as an ensign of General David Humphreys, revolu in , Russia, Sweden, and Den along the Hudson, and afterwards as tionary soldier and diplomatist, and a mark, and Young's Travels in France, lieutenant and quartermaster in the volume of miscellaneous American poe which latter has been recently reprinted Highlands until the close of the war. try, which completed the list, nor did and is one of the most notable books of 'I hen, when the return of peace dis they see occasion to make any additions the day. missed the officers of the armv to their until twenty years after, 1817, they Anyone c ould make a list of the es homes, and the strong friendships form bought Thomas Moore's Lalla Rookh, say literature on the shelves without ed around the camp-fire and on the bat published that year. much danger of going astray. The tle-field led to the founding of the History f ared a little better. Robert Tatler, The Spectator, and the Citizen society of the Cincinnati, Joint Mix son was represented by his Histories of of the World, constituted pretty much became the secretary of the Connecticut America, Scotland, and India, and his the wl1ole of it. branch, until that society was dissolved, in 18o4, to appease the insane clamors of the politicians of that day. He then served the town ten years as judge of probate, thirty-two as town clerk, and twenty-six, as a representative to the General Assembly. Those were the good old days when the magistrate and his duties were looked up to with ven eration, and rotation in office had not become a political necessity. This old town was then a power in the land. Isaac C owles, the third member of the committee, was a farmer, a tavern keeper, a colonel in the State Militia, and a man of wealth. The l ibrary company numbered thirty- seven members, who contributed 38o volumes, valued at $644.29. which amount was six-sevenths of one per cent, of the assessed value of all the property in the First Society of Farmington. The books were in part the remains of a former library formed August 1. 1785. of which no record, except this date and the amount of money collected has come down to us. The first book on the. list was Dean Swift's Tale of a Tub. Other works of fiction were his Gulli ver's Travels, The Adventures of Sir Launcelot Greaves, of Smollett, The Sentimental Journey of Sterne; Henry . FACSIMILE. Brooks' Fool of Quality; Fielding's Tom Jones ; Miss Fanny Burney's Reignf o Charles the Fifth. Even Vol Of t he dramatic literature there is Evelina and Cecilia; Dr. Moore's Zel- taire was admitted, with his Charles not much to say. The first copy of uco ; and Goldsmith's Vicar of Wake the Twelfth, and his Age of Louis the S'>1akespeare waited for twenty years f1eld. There were translations of Gil Fifteenth. Rollins' Ancient History ap for admission to the library. Our fore Blas, and of several French novels. The pears in ten volumes, and Joscphus' fathers did not love the theater or its Tales of the Castle and the Adelaide Antiquities of the Jews, in four volumes. literature. and Theodore of Madame De Genlis, Hume's History of England, Watson's Theological b ooks were more to their and others of a more ephemeral nature. Philip the Second, and Winthrop's tastes. I will not weary you with a Of p oetry, they had, of course, the Journal were there, — the latter now a list of those which formed a large part Paradise Lost, Pope's version of the valuable prize when found in the edi of their first library. The most famous Iliad, Young's Night Thoughts, and tion of that day. There were histories were Butler's Analogy, Edwards' "On Goldsmith's Poems. There were, too, in many volumes of almost all the then the Freedom of the Will," "On Justifi McPherson's Ossian, The Task and known countries of the world, — Europe. cation by Faith Alone,'' his "Treatise Olney, Hymns of Cowper, Thompson's Greece, Rome, England. Spain, America, Concerning the Religious Affections," Seasons, and the poems of Akenside. Switzerland, and Hindostan, but by and his "History of the Redemption;" This l ist is not a long one. for the whom written we can only conjecture. Hopkin's Divinity; Paley's Evidences New England mind did not take kindly The volumes have long since disap and his Horae Paulinae; Newton on the to works of imagination. Being ap peared, and the catalogue is silent. Prophecies; West on the Resurrection; pealed to on their patriotic side they Of biographies, there were those of Strong, on Baptism, and Sherlock's FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT,

RESIDENCE O F AUGUST ANDERSON. RESIDENCE OF PETER SUNDGREN. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

1e h old weather-beaten sign repro duced by the accompanying photograph was suspended for many years over the front door of The Captain Joe Porter Tavern which stood at the northeast corner of New Britain avenue and THE M ANIN CURTIS PLACE — ON THE SITE OF THE RESIDENCE OF HERVEY L. High streets. The house was moved CRANDALL. to the rear to make room for what is now the residence of John R. Whitney, that was built by Franklin Woodford. The old house caught fire and burned to the ground about thirty years ago. Captain P orter was born August 23, 1766: died June 15, 1826.

RESIDENCE O F HERVEY L. CRANDALL. I56 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

Practical D iscourses on Providence. o,clock b ell meant something in those that d ay, but because our ancestors read There were also sermons by Blair, days. on the first page of Holy Writ, that the Newton, Edwards, and other divines. Only a f ew years later, the Governor evening and the morning were the, first Such w ere the 380 volumes with which writes in a strain worthy of John Rus- day, and when they saw the laj»t rays the first library was opened to the pub kin, "The young ladies arc changing of the setting sun disappear behind the lic. For a quarter of a century there their spinning wheels for forte-pianos western mountains, the Sabbath with all after the .books added were, with few and forming their manners at the danc its restraints was ended. The boys exceptions, of a theological character, ing school rather than in the school of might resume, though somewhat quiet- with the exception of "Don Quixote" and industry. Of course, the people are lav 1 . the sports of the week. Those of "Sir Charles Grandison," added in 1790. ing aside their plain apparel, manu older growth were expected to present no more novels were bought until Miss factured in their houses, and clothing tr.emselves in all the bravery of their Hannah Moore's "Coelebs in Search of themselves with European and India Sunday attire wherever their youthful a Wife" found favor in 1809, probably fabrics. Labor is growing into disre affections called them; and they, both owing to the religious character of its pute, and the time when the independent young men and maidens, doubtless authoress; and so matters continued farmer and reputable citizen could blessed the new library as a most suit until the Waverley Novels knocked too whistle at the tail of his plough, with as able place of resort for their elders. hard at the doors to be denied admis much serenity as the cobbler over his Hither they came from far and near, sion. last, is fast drawing to a close. The not simply for books, but to exchange Why d id the intelligent men and wo present time marks a revolution of taste friendly greetings, to discuss the affairs men of this village restrict themselves to such a literary diet ? Certainly n ot in a sanctimonious spirit, or because they thought it pleasing in No. / l+O the sight of Heaven, but simply and wholly because they liked it. Not the VILLAGE LIBRARY. religions and moral only, but all classes alike discussed the subtle distinctions of their theology with an excitement and too often with a bitterness unknown even to the modern politician. 'I hey held stormy debates on these high themes by the wayside, at the country store, and over their flip and New Eng land rum at the tavern. They thorough ly believed their creed — -believed that the slightest deviation from the narrow path they had marked out for their steps would consign them to the eter nal agonies of a material hell. Such was their belief and such the literature that pleased them. Even t he young ladies of the day read the works of Jonathan Edwards as the records show. But let no one picture them only as Priscilla singing the Hun , I k*r ry mrn/ mV. dredth Psalm at her spinning wheel, *, W ill, tltt MM*' : "rr Ad ft .*/ or waste unnecessary compassion on their gloomy puritan surroundings. The same ladies danced with the French of ficers of the army of Rochambeau by FACSIMILE the light of their camp-fires down pn the Great Plain, with the approbation andf o manners of immense import to of t he State and the Church, the health and attendance of their fathers, and society, but while others glory in this of their families, the labors of their even, as tradition says, of the courtly as a great advancement in refinement, farms. and all the details of their every minister of the church. we can not help dropping a tear at the day life. It was a true literary club We k now from old letters, carefully close of the golden age of our ances made up of the most intelligent and treasured, how Farmington society spent tors, while with a pensive pleasure we worthy members of the community. its evenings, at what houses the young reflect on the past, and with suspense When a ll were assembled and had ladies were wont to gather, what they and apprehension anticipate the future." accounted for the books charged them, did, and, what young men, with more Such w as the social life then. Much the new books or any old ones desired money than brains, were frowned upon hearty enjoyment of the increasing by two persons, were put up at auc for stopping on the way at too many of good things around them, tempered and tion, and the right to the next month's the numerous taverns then lining our always overshadowed by their ever reading was struck off for a few pen street. We know how Gov. Tread- present belief in the stern doctrines of nies, adding on the average $2.50 to the well fined the society ladies of his day Calvin — -"f1xed fate, free-will, fore annual income of the company. because, as the indictment read, "Thev knowledge absolute." Deacon P orter kept the library in were convened in company with others The m eetings for the drawing of books excellent order. Every volume, though at the house of Nehimiah Street, in were held on the first Sunday of each originally bound as books then were, said town, and refused to disperse until month, not because the eminently re in full leather, had a stout cover of after nine o,clock at night." , The nine ligious character of the library became sheep-skin sewed around it. The read- THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I57

RESIDENCE O F MISS EVA R. SHAFTER, I58 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I59 pence f or forgetting his books a whole February, 1 814, Deacon Porter was re in a b ook taken from the library shelves month. Solomon Whitman, Esq., read instated in office and the books set up at her side, and through the window ing the fourth volume of Rollin, proba in the kitchen of his new abode, and, as of the room has before her the inspir bly with a tallow dip in one hand, sets was the fashion of the Iimes when any ing vision of the Temple of Fame fire to the book and comes so near dead institution started into new life, crowning the summit of a distant bringing the wars of the Persians and after the manner of the fabled bird of mountain. Beneath is the motto: Grecians to an abrupt termination, that er who turned down a leaf to keep his he has to pay one dollar. Dr. Todd is place while reading was fined a penny, "Beauties i n vain their pretty eves fined one-half as much for having his and a strict record was kept of every may roll, mind so occupied with his patients as Charms s trike the sense, but merit grease spot or other blemish, giving wins the soul." to forget his books for six days. The the volume and page where it occurred, fines for ten years amounted to £1-3-6. so that any new damage could be Thus e arly did the Village Library On t he first day of January, 1801, the charged up to the offender with unerr recognize the value of female educa- first day of the new century, the name ing certainty. Two-pence a day was the t,on. of the library was changed from The cost of forgetting to return books on In M , 1826. the Village Library Library in the First Society in Farm- time. It made no sort of difference who was merged with the Phoenix, and Capt. ington, to The Monthly Library in the unlucky offender was, be he of Selah Porter, who, since 1817, and per Farmington, probably to distinguish it high degree or otherwise, he had to haps longer, had been its librarian, now from some other library. Deacon Mar pay. Major Hooker pays his six-pence. took the place of Deacon Elijah Por tin IBuell, still the chairman of the Col. Noadiah Hooker his shining, and ter. He held the office until he resignel committee, engraved for it a new book even Gov. Treadwell is reminded that April 4, 1835, and Simeon Hart, Jr., plate in the highest style of his art. it has cost him five shillings and six- was appointed in his stead, and it was It contains the by-laws of the company, mythology, which is supposed to arise voted that the books be removed to the and this motto: from its own ashes, they called the house of the latter. The affix of Jr. "The y outh who led by Wisdom,s new institution the Phoenix Library. sounds strangely to those who remem guiding h and Nine years afterwards it was incor ber the venerable and beloved instruc Seeks Virtue's temple, and her laws porated under that name, January 28, tor of our youth better as Deacon Hart, reveres, 1823, by leaving a copy of its articles — a name which brings back to many He a lone in Honour,s dome shall of association with the Secretary of hundreds of men scattered all over the stand State. world the recollections of the wise Crowned w ith rewards and raised Contemporaneously w ith this, another teacher, the kindly director of their above his peers." library called the Village Librarv, also sports as well as studies, the high- holding its meetings on the first Sun minded man trusting the honor of his Wisdom i s represented in the central day evening of each month, had existed pupils, and worthy of all honor in re picture in the form of the god Mer for many years. The leading spirits of turn. Deacon Hart had just finished cury leading a very small bov up to a the company were Capt. Selah Porter his twelfth year as principal of the bookshelf of ponderous folios. The at the center of the village. Capt Farmington Academy, and one month boy is dressed in the fashionable court Pomeroy Strong at the north end, and after his appointment as librarian "Com costume of the period, and with un John Hurlburt Cooke, at White Oak. menced," as he wrote, "a Boardmg covered head contemplates a personifi Its records date btck to January, 1817, School in my own house May I, 1835," cation of virtue crowned with masonic but I was told some thirty years ago This new departure of his so occupied insignia. By her side stands a nude by Capt. Erastus Scott, then one of his time that on the 6th of March he figure of wondrous anatomy, perhaps the most prominent men of the town, felt it necessary to resign, and Rufus a siren against whose allurement the that he and his fellow schoolmates were Cowles was appointed in his place, fill youth is being warned. the real founders. They met on a Sat ing the office until the company came to The b ooks were kept in the house urday afternoon under the church horse an end, and was reorganized on the of the librarian, which stood on the sheds, and each contributing ten cents, 18th day of February, 1839, under the cast side of the main street, next north began the purchase of the little volumes name of the Farmington Library Com of the graveyard, and here sat Deacon entitled "The World Displayed." This pany. The library was given a room in Porter, the village tailor, in this solemn selection seems to indicate a reliance 0u what was then the northeast corner of neighborhood, and among these serious the literary taste of the schoolmaster ; the lower floor of the old Academy books ready to minister to the literary but when the next purchase was made building, and the Rev. William S. Por taste of the community. In the mean the true boy's instinct asserted itself, ter was installed as librarian, which time the beloved pastor, Joseph Wash and was the result. office he filled until March 1, 1840, when burn, died on the voyage from Norfolk These and some subsequent purchases he was succeeded by Mr. Abner Bid- to Charleston, whither he had gone in were the nucleus, he said, of the Vil well. the vain hope of restoring his health, lage Library. The accuracy of Capt Under t his administration the library and on the 23d day of August, eight Scott's recollection seems to be sus comes within the limit of my personal years afterwards. Deacon Porter mar tained bv the list of books bought from recollection. The meetings were held ried the widow and moved into her the Village Library at its dissolution in on the f1rst Sunday evening of the house opposite! now occupied by Chaun- 1826. Two of the twenty volumes of month immediately after the monthly cey Rowe, Esq. He relinquished his "The World Displayed." the boys, first concert.. To this missionary meeting care of the library, and Capt. Luther purchase, are still in existence, bearing came the patrons of the library from the Seymour succeeded him for tne year the book plate of the Village Librarv. Eastern Farms, from White Oak, and 1813. At the end of the year the a work of art probably beyond the skill from most of the districts of the town, Monthly Library Company came to an of Deacon Bull. It substitutes for his each with his four books tied up not end. The furniture was sold and the awkward boy a self possessed votmg unusually in a red bandanna handker cash on hand to the amount of $54.93 lady seated in an arm chair in the most chief. Here we waited, more or iess was divided among the proprietors. A approved position taught by the board patiently, the men on the right hand and few weeks later, on the 12th day of ing schools of the day. She is absorbed the women 011 the left, while Deacon FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT,

MISS C OWLES. MISS P ORTER. MRS. D OW.

The a ccompanying description of the foolish R oxy sit right down there," and picture by the artist who made it will Miss Roxy sat and the whole thing was doubtless be of interest to many. done in five minutes. I h ave been asked to tell how this Many e nlargements and prints have picture came to be taken. Very well. I been made of this picture, until prob asked Miss Porter, Mrs. Dow and Miss ably a thousand people have a copy of Roxy Coacles to come to the studio at it. Miss Porter was for a long time a certain hour to be photographed, and adverse to having her pictures become they all very graciously accepted my in public property, but her great fame at vitation. At f1rst Miss Cowles drew last made it out of the question to keep back with her characteristic modesty, her likeness from the world. It would but Miss I'orter, patting the place be be like trying to suppress the likeness side her with her hand said, "don't be of Grant or Lincoln. — R. B. B. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. l6I

LDAN O MAP, PUBLISHED ABOUT 1860. I62 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

Hart g ave us a summary of mission ,ary I 1853, only twelve weeks before books f rom the Tunxis Free Library, ary intelligence for the month, and the his death. He was succeeded by Aus and with others donated by individuals Rev. William S. Porter elucidated his tin Hart, Esq.. who had charge until interested there were nearlv twenty- views of family government and the the office building was sold and moved five hundred books. divine promises to faithful parents. away. The library once more home About t wo hundred books are added Then, when Dr. Porter had expounded less, was moved across the street into annually, more than half of these are some suitable portion of the Scriptures the stone store which stood before the given, and nearly all the better maga and invoked the blessing of God upon great fire on the site of the present zines are in circulation or on the read us and on all dwellers in heathen lands, parsonage. Finally, in 1855. the town ing table. when the choir in the northeast corner gave it a resting place for the next I h ere are now over 5,000 books of the hall had concluded our devotion- thirty-five years in the new record shelved and more room needed. with the Missionary Hymn, a large building, it being agreed in considera The b ooks reach nearly every house part of the meeting repaired to the li- tion therefor, "that any responsible per in this section, and also many of the brary room below. Here were the son belonging to the town may have the adjoining districts. There are some hooks, a thousand or more, some in right of drawing books from the library three hundred regular readers and fifty cases, some on benches, some on a big upon paying a reasonable compensa or more transients. table, some in rows, some in piles, — tion." The l ibrary is open Wednesday and but all scattered without regard to Mr. C hauncey D. Cowles. the town Saturdav afternoon and evening, with character or size or numbering in a clerk, was librarian for the year 1855. an average of over seventy-five visitors confusion that would have astounded In February of the following year, Mr., and one hundred and twenty-five books the orderly soul of Deacon Elijah Por now Dr., James R d1mming, then the and magazines loaned. ter. The books purchased during the very successful principal of the Middle Miss J ulia Mrandegee was appointed last month were announced, and the District school, was appointed librar1an. librarian with Mrs. T. H. Root as her first reading of each was determined by With his habitual energy and exactness assistant. During the year Miss Brande- a spirited auction at which every book he brought order out of confusion, and gee was abroad. Miss Anna Barbour was described as a "very interesting the library became once more a very served in her position. After several work." Then after tumbling over the useful and prosperous institution. Dur years of service Miss Brandegee re book piles wit'n varying success, and ing the next ten years nearly all of signed aml Mrs. Root was appointed with the excitement unknown in more the most valuable books of the librarv librarian, which place she has f1lled orderly collections, of possibly unearth were acquired, thanks to the fine literary ever since. ing some unexpected treasure, each had taste, the generous gifts, and the prac The a ccompanying reports show at his four books charged, and departed tical good sense of Deacon Edward L. a glance the great popularity of the to enjoy the spoils of his search. Hart. library and its very prosperous condi This c hapter in the history of the Such. t hen, was the library, which fo1 tion. a century has been no mean adjunct to library was abruptly terminated in 1851, THE S IXTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE by a change in the ownership of the the pulpit and the schoolhouse, in giving building in which it had its temporary to the citizens of this village whatever VILLAGE LIBRARY, IO05. home. The old building and adjoin claim to intelligence and uprightness There a re now 4826 catalogued books ing premises were owned jointly by the may justly belong to them. And now, in the Library, 166 having been added Academy Proprietors, the First Eccle after its wanderings from one tem this year — 95 by gift, and 71 have been siastical Society, the Middle School Dis porary resting place to another, it has purchased. The books bought are care trict and the town. The upper room found an honorable and fi1ting place fully selected with a view to their per was used for all sorts of purposes. The of abode. May it with many additions manent value. We depend almost Sunday-school boy saw its walls adorned and with a generous care continue for wholly on gifts for our fiction, although with big placards which taught him another century to bless this village. we intend to purchase the best of the "Remember now thy Creator in the days fiction and juveniles when published. L1RRARIANS. of thy Youth," and that "The wages of Elected. The L ibrary has been open to the sin is death," but his mind was much El1jah P okter, 1795 public 00 days. January 24th. owing to more apt to dwell on the grotesque ex Luther Sevmour, Dec. 2 8, 1812 the intense cold and blizzard prevail hibitions he had seen and heard from El1jah Pokter, Feb. 12, 1814 ing, is the only day in fifteen years in the same benches the evening before, — Selah Porter, Apr. 2, 1826 which it was not opened. the political orator, the ventriloquist, S1meon Hart, Apr. 4, 1835 There h ave been 5721 visitors, of the negro minstrel, the mesmerist, the Rufus Cowles, 1836 these 250 are regular and about fifty uncouth magic lantern pictures, and the W1ll1am S. Porter, Feb. 1 8, 1839 transients, an average of 64 per day. war dance and war-whoop of imita Abner B1dwell, Jan. 5, 1 840 The books read are classified as fol tion red men. The situation became S1meon Hart, Feb. 7. 1853 lows: Juveniles, 1464 or one-fifth of so intolerable that the Ecclesiastical So Aust1n Hart, Sep. 2 6, 1853 the entire number circulated ; Fiction. ciety, after no end of skillful diplomacy Chauncey D. Cowles. 1855 2022 or two-fifths, and the remaining and hard work on the part of Deacon James R. Cumm1ncs, Feb. 1856 two-fifths are divided into Miscella Simeon Hart, bought out the other Jul1us Gay, J an. 2. 1860 neous, 21 1 1 ; Biography, 395; Travel, owners, and the upper room was dedi W1ll1am E. Hart, Jan. 6, 1 8 08 205, and History, 172. cated to religious uses only, bv a vote Thomas Treadwell, Jan. 4, 1869 Books a nd magazines have been given which will not seem strict to those who Thomas I-. Porter, Jan. 2. 1882 the Library by the following trends: remember the abominations of the past. Mrs. B utler, Mrs. D. N. Barney, Mrs. The money changers in the holy tem The p resent library was established Wm. Cowles, Mrs. Wm. Allen, Mr. ple at Jerusalem were most respectable in a room made for the purpose, in Julius Gay, Mr. Grant, Miss Eleanor by contrast. From the Academy build the Town Hall, built in 1800. There Johnson, Miss Clara Griswold, W. II. ing the books were removed to the of were several hundred of the most Gocher, Mrs. C. S. Mason, Mrs. Pope, fice of Deacon Simeon Hart, who was valuable books belonging to the Town Miss Pope. Miss Redfield, Mr. Russell appointed librarian once more, Febru Library, also nearly f1fteen hundred Sturgis, Mrs. Vorce. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I63 KEPORTF O TREASURER. EXPENSES I TEMIZED. JULIUS G AY, Treasurer, in account Books a nd Magazines $ 130.95 wJth t he Library Co., Dr.: Binding B ooks 91.60 To cash on hand, reported Janitor's B ill 19.41 September 1 4, 1904 $ 295,73 Librarian,s S alary 150.00 To P ermanent Fund 2,969.50 Insurance 1 2.50 To M embership Fees Woo Furnace R epairs 1. 00 To F ines 5.34 Printing A nnual Reports 7.30 To D ividends from Farming- Wood 2 0.00 ton Savings Bank 124.30 Coal 3 5-17 To G ifts from Mrs. D. N. Electric L ight 16.44 Barney 1 50.00 Labels 2 .00 Express 1 00 $3,612.87 $48737 JULIUS G AY, Treasurer, in account OFFICERS. with t he Library Co., Cr.: Lillian. E Root, Librarian. Bv Permanent Fund in Farm- Julius Gay, Secy and Treas. ington S avings Bank $2,969.50 Committee for three years. By C ash paid out for ordinary Alfred A. Pope. Julia S. Brandegee. expenses 4 ^7-.?/ Committee f or two years. By C ash on hand 156.00 Danford N. Barney, Ed. H. Deming. $3,612.87 Committee f or one year. Allen I). Voree, Malvina A. Howe.

HEON T CLIFF AT TUNXIS ORCHARDS— It was at this po1nt that President RooseveIt des1 ended to the street br1ttle.

/ l64 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

(Our o lder readers must have noticed in these columns once or twice each year, almost from the beginning of our paper, short reports and programmes, very classical, of concerts given in a Young Ladies' School in Farmington, Conn., under the direction of an earnest, sterling teacher, who all this time seems to have been more fond of solid good work in a corner, than of the notoriety which musical men, vastly his inferiors, strive to achieve by advertising rather than by worth. — From Dwight's Jour nal of Musk. March 23, 1872. ) f?1 H ESE few words from a \J musical authority of so many years ago, show the estimate that was put on Mr. Klauser's work for the increasing musical knowledge and musical culture here in the Farmington school. It seemed as if some words from Mr. Klauser himself, reminiscent of these concerts and the famous men who have visited here from time to time, would be of great interest. His own early life deserves some mention, varied as it was. Born in St. Petersburg, he lived some years both in Leipsic and Hambourg. Though devoted to music, he was apprenticed to the book-trade and studied the backs of his books so PROFESSOR K ARL KLAUSER. faithfully — doubtless the insides also, though he does not speak of that — that in his talk with President Porter pre first m usician to come was Theodore public. W m. Mason was the pianist. vious to his entering the school, he was Thomas. He had been my friend in Mosenthal, a pupil of Spohr, played asked at what University he took his New York, where he had been trying second violin, Matzka the viola, and degree, so conversant was he with hard to gain a musical foothold, and Bergman the 'cello. Bergman was an theological and philosophical questions. came to see how I was getting along excellent musician and was the prede But the time came when he was free in Farmington — to look about him. He cessor of Thomas in symphony con to devote himself to music, and soon was well satisfied and came about forty certs. Few musicians are educated after that, on his wedding day, he left times after that, at first once a year, men ; Thomas had no general educa Havre on a sailing vessel for New then oftener." tion. But Rubenstein who came about York. Dr. L eopold Damrosch in his letter 1873 and Dr. Von Bulow in 1875 were "In 1 855," Mr. Klauser says, "I came about Karl Klauser, writes of New both well educated. Rubenstein was a to Farmington as teacher of music in York at this time. It was "then a great talker, fluent on every possible sub Miss Porter's School. She had writ sort of musical wilderness in which ject. He came here through Theodore ten to Germany, then to Henry Timm, many a clever musician, to escape utter Thomas who knew him and exhibited leader of the New York Philharmonic, misery, was obliged to march in military him. — was in fact bear-leader. Ruben to ask that an instructor be recommend bands and beat the cymbals, or seek his stein was the most expensive musician ed to her — one who would teach 'not bread with blackened face among the we ever had. He asked $5oo for two fashionable music, but as it is taught negro minstrels." Through such a hours and then came only as a great in Germany. ' I had been in New hard school did Theodore Thomas come favor of his managers I The first thing York five years, but gladly came to before he gained the high place he now he asked for was a platform, to keep Farmington, for life in the country is occupies. Mr. Klauser described some him away from the people; he felt too more natural than city life. The year of these trials of Thomas's and then near them in the parlor. after I came, the concerts, now so en went on to tell of his companions. "Von B ulow was a great friend of joyed, were started and given during "When T homas came to Farmington mine. He came to sec me many times. the f1rst two years in the village as he played first violin in a quintette. Once, soon after his wife, now Mme. sembly hall and for the public. The This had no leader; was a sort of re Wagner, left him — then he was very THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I65 sad — f or his friendship for Rich. Wag rosch a nd translated in the journal down l ike an hereditary disease in all ner had been great. I remember once mentioned at the beginning of this the older editions, were weeded out. receiving Von Bulow,s creed — his con article : . . . Moreover, the fingering was fession of faith, in one of his letters. "Karl K lauser— (A Musical Sketch). carefully marked according to the Sebastian Bach, Ludwig von Beethoven, Klauser had early seen that to work modern principles, established by Liszt and Johannes Brahms were his Trinity. successfully for art in America, one and Bulow. . .. Klauser has also Then there were always others who must proceed not from above down made himself serviceable by arrange came, among them, Emma Eames, when ward, but through thorough pedagogi ments of orchestral and chamber music she was a girl. cal instruction from below upward. for the piano. ... "Farmington w as beginning to be Art as such was little cherished in the "To t he special services which Klaus known in Germany through some ar land at that time (1855); jingling er has rendered to the school in Farm rangement and editions of musical virtuosity and humbug did their best ington, and we may say to the musical works which I had made. Dr. Von to ruin a half cultivated taste en culture of North America in general, Inten, early in the sixties, was coming tirely ; and amongst teaching musicians belong the concerts which he has es to America and asked where he would there were only a few who had the tablished, occurring three or four times probably play. He was told in New courage and capacity to go to work to yearly in the rooms of the institution, York, Boston, and Farmington. Some purify and reform. He wished above for which the audience is composed al of Schumann's works which I had all to work upon the tastes and help most exclusively of the teachers and arranged, I sent Madame Schummn. I 1 to form what was most needed — a pupils of the school. pleased her very much and in the many musical publie. To this end he se "If o ne would know what sterling letters which I had from her after that lected the matter of his teaching with concert programs are, programs of the she sent greetings to 'Schumann- the greatest conscientiousness, using purest artistic tendency, of the severest ville., " the classical music of the great Ger choice among the good and the best, he Much m ore of music and musicians man masters as the best basis for the has only to study those of the Farm- Mr. Klauser had to say, showing the musical culture of his pupils. But ingtonian soirees and matinees. They pleasure he felt in his memories of not content with that, he enriched the would be an ornament to any concert work, both among his scholars and for current editions of many compositions room in the world, and satisfy the se the broadening of musical culture with a fulness of instructive additions lected circle of listeners." — Eleanor II. through his editions. It doc,s not seem which infinitely increased their value Johnson, in Farmington Magazine, Nov. complete to close without saying more for instruction. Many a corrupt text 1900. about these editions and I emote from in the old editions was critically recti the letter written by Dr. Leopold Dam- fied; countless little errors, handed

THE K ARL Kt.AUSER PLACE. 166 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

-J*" ■ < H Be .. J K

rig

fDeath o Capt. Ferrer, the Captain of the Amistad, July, 1839. Don J ose Ruiz and Don Pedro Montcz, of the Island of Cuba, having purchased fifty-three slaves at Havana, reeently imported from Afriea, put them on board the Amistad, Capt Ferrer, in order to transport them to Prineipe, another port on the Island of Cuba. After being out from Havana about four days, the Afriean eaptives on board, in order to obtain their freedom, and return to Africa, armed themselves with eane knives, nnd rose upon the Capluin and erew of the vessel. Capt. Ferrer and the eook of the vessel were killed ; two of the crew eseaped ; Ruiz and Montez were made prisoners.

Fromn a old print.

It h as been thought best in the treat ^V^l'KIMi t he month of August, has b een most providentially captured ment of the subject "Amistad" or as ll 1 18.T9, the public attention was in the Sound, by Capt. Gedney, of the more commonly designated in Farm- t^m*^' somewhat excited by several surveying Brig Washington. We will ington "Meudi" negroes, to reprint the reports, stating that a vessel no longer detain the reader, but subjoin available material at hand, rather thm of suspicious and piratical the off1cial account of the capture very to write a new article. Strange as it character had been seen near the coast politely furnished to us by one of the may seem, there is no record in the of the United States, in the vicinity of officers. town clerk's office of their sojourn in New York. This vessel was represented '."('. 6 Brig Washington. the town. Some of the oldest citizens as a "long, low, black schooner," and "New London, Aug. 26, 18.V). remember them as they went back and manned hv blacks The United States 'W hile this vessel was sounding this forth through the village streets, from steamer Fulton, and several revenue day between Gardner's and Montauk their quarters on what is now the Vorce cutters, were dispatched after her. and Points, a schooner was seen lying in estate. The subject to us is a most notice was given to the collectors at shore off Culloden Point, under circum interesting one. Thanks are due to Mr. various sea ports. stances so suspicious as to authorize Albert C. Bates, librarian of the Con eI h following giving an account of Lieut. Com. Gedney to stand in to see necticut Historical Society, for allow the capture of this vessel, and other what was her character — seeing a num ing us to reproduce the rare old wood particulars, is taken from the "New ber of people on the beach with carts cut. depicting the murder of the London Gazette :" and horses, and a boat passing to and "Amistad's" captain by Cinque and his fro, a boat was armed and dispatched companions in their vain endeavor to "The S uspicious Looking Schooner' with an officer to board her. On com escape from captivity and return to Captured and Brought into this ing along side a number of negroes were their homes in Africa. Farmington may Port. discovered on her deck and twenty or well point with pride to the historical "Much e xcitement has been created thirty more were on the beach — two fact that these poor escaped slaves were in New York for the past week, from white men came forward and claimed offered a temporary home here. The the report of several Pilot Boats having the protection of the officer. The two years that they spent in the village seen a clipper built schooner off the schooner proved to he the 'Amistad,' demonstrated that they were naturally I look, full of negroes, and in such a Capt. Ramonflues, from Havanah, bound an inoffensive and affectionate people. condition as to lead to the suspicion to Guanajah, Port Principe, with 54 blacks and two passengers on board; Extracts f rom a History of tln' that she was a pirate. Several Cutters Amistad Captives, by John W. Barber, and naval vessels are said to have been the former, four nights after they were published 184o. dispatched in pursuit of her, but she out. rose and murdered the captain and THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

I68 F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT, fthree o the crew — they then took pos so m uch out of their way, that they othanks t the "Holy Virgin" who had session of the vessel, with the intention expected every moment to be murdered. led him out of his troubles. of returning to the coast of Africa. Pedro On the 24th they made Montauk Light "Senor R uiz has given us two letters Montez, passenger, and Jose Ruiz, and steered for it in hopes of running for his agents, Messrs Shelton, Broth owner of the slaves and a part of the the vessel ashore, but the tide drifted ers & Co. of Boston, and Peter A. Har cargo, were only saved to navigate the them up the bay, and they anchored mony & Co., of New York. It appears vessel. After boxing about for four where they were found by the Brig that the slaves, the greater portion of days in the Bahama Channel, the vessel Washington, off Culloden Point. The whom were his. were very much at was steered for the Island of St. An negroes were found in communication tached to him, and had determined after drews, near New Providence — from with the shore, where they laid in a reaching the coast of Africa to allow thence she went to Green Key, where fresh supply of water, and were on the him to seek his home what way he could, the blacks laid in a supply of water. point of sailing again for the coast of while his poor companion was to be After leaving this place the vessel was Africa. They had a good supply of sacrif1ced. steered by Pedro Montez, for New money, some of which it is likely was "On b oard the brig, we also saw Cin- Providence, the negroes being under the taken by the people on the beach. After que, the master spirit of this bloody impression that she was steering for disarming and sending them on board tragedy, in irons. He is about five the coast of Africa — they would not, from the beach, the leader jumped over feet eight inches in height, 25 or 26 however, allow her to enter the port, board with three hundred doubloons years of age, of erect f1gure, well built but anchored every night off the coast. about him, the property of the Captain, and very active. He is said to be a The situation of the two whites was all all of which he succeeded in loosing match for any two men on board the this time truly deplorable, being treated from his person, and then submitted schooner. His countenance, for a native with the greatest severity, and Pedro himself to be captured. The schooner African, is unusually intelligent, evinc Montez, who had charge of the navi was then taken in tow by the brig and ing uncommon decision and coolness gation, was suffering from two severe carried into New London." with a composure characteristic of true wounds, one on the head and one on "Tuesday u o 'clock M. courage, and nothing to mark him as the arm, their lives being threatened "We have just returned from a visit a malicious man. every instant. He was ordered to to the Washington and her prize, which "By p hysiognomy and phrenology he change the course again for the coast are riding at anchor in the bay near the has considerable claim to benevolence of Africa, the negroes themselves steer fort. On board the former we saw and according to Gall and Spurzheim. his ing by the sun in the daytime, while at conversed with the two Spanish gen moral sentiments and intellectual fac night he would alter their course so as tlemen, who were passengers on board ulties predominate considerably over to bring them back to their original the schooner, as well as owners of the his animal propensities. He is said pl nee of destination. They remained negroes and most of the cargo. One however, to have killed the Captain and three days off the coast of Long Island, of them, Jose Ruiz, is a very gentle crew with his own hand, by cutting to the eastward of Providence, after manly and intelligent young man, and their throats. He also has several times which they were two months on the speaks Fnglish fluently. He was the attempted the life of Senor Montez. ocean, sometimes steering to the east owner of most of the slaves and cargo, and the backs of several of the poor ward, and whenever an occasion would which he was conveying to his estate negroes are scored with scars of blows permit, the whites would alter the course on the Island of Cuba. The other inflicted by his lash to keep them in to the northward and westward1 always Pedro Montez, is about 50 years of subjection. He expects to be executed in hopes of falling in with some vessel age, and is the owner of four of the hut nevertheless manifests a sang froid of war, or being enabled to run into slaves. He was formerly a ship mas worthy of a stoie under similar cir some port when they would be relieved ter, and has navigated the vessel since cumstances. from their horrid situation. Several her seizure by the blacks. Both of them, "With C aptain Gedney, the surgeon times they were boarded by vessels, once as may be naturally supposed, are most of the port, and others, we visited the by an American schooner from Kings unfeignedly thankful for their deliver- schooner, which is anchored within ton ; on these occasions the whites were ence. musket shot of the Washington, and ordered below, while the negroes com- "Jose P edro is the most striking in there we saw such a sight as we munkated and traded with the vessels; stance of complacency and unalloyed de never saw before, and never wish to see the schooner from Kingston, supplied light we have ever witnessed, and it is again. The bottom and sides of this them with a demijon of water for the not strange, since only yesterday his vessel arc covered with barnacles and moderate sum of one doubloon — thi« sentence was pronounced by the chief sea-grass, while her rigging and sails schooner, whose name was not ascer of the bucaniers. and his death song was presented an appearance worthy of the tained, fmding that the negroes had chanted by the grim crew, who gathered '' after her fabled plenty of money, remained lashed along with uplifted sabres around his devoted cruise. She is a Baltimore built ves side the 'Amistad' for twenty-four hours, head, which, as well as his arms, bear sel, of matchless model for speed, about though they must have been aware tha the scars of several wounds inflicted at 120 tons burthen, and about six years all was not right on board, and proba the time of the murder of the ill fated old. On her deck were grouped among bly suspected the character of the ves captain and crew. He sat smoking his various goods and arms, the remnant sel — this was on the 18th of the pres Havana on the deck, and to judge from of her Fthiop crew, some decked in the ent month ; the vessel was steered to the the martyr-like serenity of his coun most fantastic manner, in silks and northward and westward, and on the tenance, his emotions are such as rarely fmery, pilfered from the cargo, while 20th inst., distant from New York 25 stir the heart of man. Mr. Porter — others, in a state of nudity, emaciated miles, the Pilot Boat No. 3 came along the prize master, assured him of his to mere skeletons, lay coiled upon the side and gave the negroes some apples. safetv, and he threw his arms around decks. Here could be seen a negro, She was also hailed by No. 4; when the his neck, while gushing tears coursing with white pataloons. and the sable latter boat came near, the negroes armed down his furrowed cheek, bespoke the shirt which nature gave him, and a themselves, and would not permit her overflowing transport of his soul. planter,s broad brimmed hat upon his to board them ; they were so exasperated Fvery now and then he clasped his head, with a string of gewgaws about with the two whites for bringing them hands, and with uplifted eyes gave his neck; and another with a linen THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

I70 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I7I cambric s hirt, whose bosom was worked Kwong; 9 F ul1wa (Fuu) (sun) ; 10 for t he north. Two months of these by the hand of some dark-eyed daughter P1e, Bia; 11 Pugnwan1 (i1 duck) ; 12 zig-zag courses brought the little of Spain, while his nether proportions Sess1; 13 Moru; 14 N dam ma (/i»/ on schooner at last to a shore far from were enveloped in a shawl of gauze or or up) ; 15 Ful1wulu (Fuli) ; 16 Ba-u that which the Africans had hoped to Canton crape. Around the windlass (broke) ; 17 Ba (have none) ; 18 Shulf. see." were gathered three little girls, from (waterfall) ; 19 Kale ((1 bone) ; 20 (Their c apture is described elsewhere eight to thirteen years of age, the very Bagna {sand or gravel); 21 Sa; 22 in this article in detail.) images of health and gladness. KINNA (.man or big man) ; 23 Ngahon1 "When C inque was taken back a "Over t he deck were scattered in the ( water bird ) ; 24 Fa k 1 n n a ; 25 Fag1 n n a captive, to the deck of the Amistad, most wanton and disorderly profusion, (twin) ; 26 Yabo1; 27 Fabanna (re the other negroes gathered about him. raisins, vermicelli, bread, rice, silk and member); 28 Tsukama (a learner); and he made an address which moved cotton goods. In the cabin and hold 29 Berr1 (stick-) 30 Fon1; 31 Bukna them very deeply. Antonio, the Cabin were marks of the same wasteful de (twin); 32 Shuma (falling "water); 33 Boy, understood enough of the words struction." K.M.I (bone); 34 Teme (frog); 35 to g1ve a summary of the speech in From " The Captives of the Amistad," Kague (country) ; 36 Margru (black Spanish to a newspaper editor in New by Simeon K. Baldwin, read May 17, snake) London, who translated it in English 1880. and printed in "Papers of the The A fricans had been brought over as follows. Published in New York New Haven Colony Historical Society, on the Tecova in irons, but it was Sun of August 31. 1839. Vol. IV'.. published in New Haven in thought unnecessary to chain them down '-'Friends a nd Brothers: — We would 1888, we take the following extracts: on this short coasting voyage. Their have returned, but the sun was against "The m ost famous case ever tried in supply of provisions and water was us. I would not see you serve the Connecticut was that of the Amistad scant, and two who went to the water white man. So I induced you to help None ever awakened a wider interest or cask were whipped for it. One of me kill the Captain. I thought I should a deeper feeling ... I think we them asked the cook where they were be killed. I expected it. It would have may fairly deem 1t one of the first being taken, received for answer that been better than living many moons in guide-posts that polnted the way to the they were going to be killed and then captivity. I shall be hanged, I think, yet unopened grave of slavery in the eaten. This ill time mockery was 1 1ken every day. But this does not pain me. United States. In the spring of 1839, for earnest, and was the last incitement I could die happy if by dying I could a number of Africans living near the needed to rouse the captives to strike save so many of my brothers from the west coast were kidnapped by some of for libertv. During the second night bondage of the white man, their own countrymen, acting as Agents out they rose under the lead of Cinque. His s econd speech as Antonio and of Spanish slave traders, and placed Several of them had armed themselves the New London editor gave it to the in a barracoon, at a place called Ihun- with knives of the kind used to cut newspapers, ran thus: bomo. From thence, a Portuguese the sugar-cane. The captain of the " ' My brothers, I am once more among slaver, the Tecma, took them to Ha schooner was attacked, killed his f1rst you, having deceived the enemy of our vana, where in a few days they were assailant, and then fell himself by a race, by saying that I had doubloons. sold in two lots to a couple of Cubans. stroke from Cinque's knife. The cook I came to tell you that you have only Don Jose Ruiz and Don Pedro Montez. paid for his pleasantry with his life, one chance for death, and none for lib Ruiz was the largest purchaser, taking also at Cinque's hand. Montez was erty. I am sure you prefer death as 1 49 of them at $450 apiece. severely wounded. The cabin bov, a do. You can by killing the white men The c hief of these Mendi captives was mulatto slave of the captain named An now on board (and I will help you), Cinque, otherwise called Cinquez, Jin- tonio and Ruiz were securely bound make the people here kill you. It is qua or Sinqua; a tall and stalwart Afri The rest of the crew escaped in one better for you to die thus, and then you can of commanding presence and de of the boats. It was a sharp and sud will not only avert bondage yourselves, termined spirit. A little schooner of den struggle. Mr. Barber made it the but prevent the entailment of unnum about 60 tons was chartered to take sub'ect of one of his (p1aint woodcuts bered wrongs on your children. Come. them with an assorted cargo of mer as a frontispiece to his history of the Come with me, then !, Amistad ( aptives.* ''When t he Africans heard that the chand1se, to Guanaja, another Cuban argument in the supreme court was port, and Ruiz and Montez sailed from *A r eproduction of this rare print ap pears in this article. about to come on they determined to Havana on June 28. 1839. The vessel's write to Mr. Adams, and Ka-le. a bright papers described the negroes as ladions, ' T he cane knife, of which the negroes made use, is a formidable weapon, and boy of eleven who had picked up more a term meaning those who had acquired English than the older ones, was se a foreign language, but commonly used does its work something after the fash to designate slaves imported before ion of a hatchet or short bill hook. lected as the scribe. The following was the result, written with no aid from 1820; and to give this more color, Span In t he grasp of a strong arm ish names were assigned to each at like that of Cinque, it is as sure and the white men : — random. This was done by collusion deadly as the guillotine. It was his "'New H aven, Jan. 4, 1841. between the authorities and the slave design, if the rising was successful, to "'Dear Friend, Mr. Adams: — I want to traders, who usually paid the Governor attempt the voyage back to their na write a letter to you because you love at Havana hush money at the rate of tive country, of which they only knew the Mendi people, and you talk to the $15 a head, for each slave landed at that it was three moons distant, and Grand Court. We want to tell you one the port. lay toward the east. One of the negroes thing. Jose Ruiz say we born in Ha The f ollowing is a list of the names could speak a little Arabic and an vana, he tell lie. We stay in Havana of the Amistad captives, and in some other a few words of English. By 10 days and 10 nights, we stay no more. cases the meaning of their names: signs and threats they made Ruiz and We all born in Mendi — we no under 1 S 1NG-gBE (Cimjue) ; 2 Gu.abaru Montez take the wheel by turns, and stand the Spanish language — Mendi peo (Grab-eau), have mercy on me; 3 K1m- steer to the eastward. By day they ple been in America 17 moons. We bo (cricket) ; 4 Nazhaulu (a water kept this direction, but as soon as the talk American language little, but not slick); 5 Burna; 6 Bartu (a club or tell tale sun had set, they would bring very good. We write every day; we sword; 7 Gnakwo1 (second bom) ; 8 the vessel gradually about and head write plenty of letters ; we read most all I72 F ARMTNGTON, CONNECTICUT.

RESIDENCE O F WM. I1. DEMING.

RESIDENCE O F HARRIS PARKER.

RESIDENCE O F HENRY GALLAGHER. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I73

of t he time; we read all Mathew, and "Aug., 1 898. ASA I W a most singular Mark, and Luke, and John, and plenty "MENDI NEGROES." episode in the quiet life of of little hooks. We love hooks very About the year 1841 some Negroes Farmington which brought to much. We want you to ask the Court were stolen from Africa by Spaniards us the band of Mendians % what we have done wrong. What for and when well out on the Ocean the which were included three Americans keep us in prison. Some Negroes were led to by Cinque Mendian girls. people say Mendi people crazy; Mendi their Leader they killed the Officers & Onef o these, by name Tamie, was people dolt, because we no talk Ameri some 20 of the Sailors. They then sent directly to and remained with me can language ; Mcrica people dolt ? steered the Vessel & made the Harbor until their departure for their native They tell had things about Mendi peo of New London, some say, New Haven land, and she proved a most interesting ple, and we no understand. Some say From thence through the Agency of personality. About fourteen years of Mendi people very happy because they A. F. Williams Mrs. Vorce,s Father & age, she was tall, straight as an ar laugh and have plenty to cat. Mr. Pen Mr. John Norton, who built the row, and lithe as a willow, with a soft dleton (the jailer) come and Mendi house of D. N. Barney, they were low voice and a sweet smile which so people all look sorry because they think brought to Farmington for safe keep far as I remember, never developed into Mendi land and friends we no see now. ing put under Bonds for Mutiny Mr a laugh. Her nature was rather seri Mr. Pendleton say Mendi people angry. Williams built for their use & com ous and yet she was uniformly cheer White men afraid of Mendi people. fort one or more small Buildings on ful. The Mendi people no look sorry again his own grounds, They went to School She l iked to talk of their simple life — that why we laugh- But Mendi peo over Edw. Deming's Store they were in the village from which she was so ple feel sorry; O, we can't tell how here about a year when it was thought rudely taken. Their houses must have sorry. But people say, Mendi people no best to return them to their Native been beehive looking structures, got souls. Why we feel bad, we no Land When thev were ready to sail w rough from g -asses anl twig; and got souls? We want to be free very Cinque addressed them in their native placed near together, I think for much. Dear friend, Mr. Adams, you Tongue. A Missionary Society was safety; and it would seem that real have children, vou have friends, you formed & they were taken back to work never occurred to them, but love them, vou feel very sorry if Mendi Mendi in Africa. West Coast near games, and in nnturer years athletics en people come and carry them all to Liberia While in Farmington they gaged them. Africa. We feel bad for our friends, showed themselves kind & faithful to It w as remarkable how easily Tamie and our friends all feel b1d for us. those who employed them. Cinque, learned to speak our language and she Americans no take us in ship, we on Grabbo, Phillie, Fuli, Tamie Foone, could read quite well. The first shore and Americans tell us that slave are names remembered by those who verses of the chapter commencing : ship catch us. They say we make you knew them. In the Farmington Ceme -Let not your heart be troubled," free, thev tell lie. If America people tery .across the Path from the Soldiers with the "Lord's Prayer," the "Sermon give us free we glad, if thev no give Monument on the SouI!: side of the on the Mount," thc Psalm. " The Lord us free we sorry — we sorrv for Mendi ground is a simple Marble, Stone bear is my Shepherd," were favorites. people little, we sorry for America ing the following Inscription: She c ared little for play here, the people great deal, because God punish conditions were so different from those liars. We want you to tell Court that at home, but she was fond of flowers Mendi people no want to go back to and particularly enjoyed a little garden Havana, we no want to be killed. Dear which she tended carefully. I remem friend, we want you to know how we ber her joy when I had been prepar feel, Meruli people think, think, think. ing pineapples, she asked for the green Nobody know what he think ; teacher crowns to plant and was so . delighted he know, we tell him some. Mendi peo when they began to grow. Her per ple have got souls. We think, we knoae ceptions were keen and her questions God punish us if we tell lie. We never innumerable. In going to and from tell lie, we speak truth. What for Men her school daily, she passed the home di people afraid? Because they got of a friend of mine who almost every souls. Cook say he kill, he cat Mendi day met her at the gate and had a lit people — we afraid — we kill cook, then tle talk with her and at parting would captain kill one man. with knife, and cut send her love to me. This Tamie said Mendi people plenty. We never kill with a smile, she only gave now and captain, he no kill us. If Court ask who Foone. then, adding, "It is no good every day." brought Mendi people to America? We "A n ative African who was drowned sThey a a band, enjoyed the hospital bring ourselves. Ccci hold rudder. All while bathing in the Center Basin Aug ity extended them, and several of the we want is make us free. 1S41 He was one of the Company of men came repeatedly to my home, being Your friend, Slaves under Cinque on board the mainly attracted by a French mantel " ' Your friend. Schooner Amisted who asserted their clock, and it was interesting to watch " ' Ka-le.' " 1ights and took possession of the Ves them as they discussed it, their phys (This letter Tc,nj published in Emanci sel after having put the Captain, Mate, ical aspect revealed so much although pator for March 25, 1841.) and others to death, sparing their Mas I could not understand a word. ters Rncz, and Montez." One n ight after all had retired to The C enter, or Pitkin Basin was their rooms, Tamie come to my door, The f ollowing was written by Miss where Miss Porter's Laundry now and when I opened it, she stood there Julia S. Brandegce in Aug., 189K, just stands Aug. 1898. Mr. Rowe is sure the picture of despair; taking mv hand as it was told to her by Mr. Elijah that Foone committed suicide as the she led me to a north window in her Lewis, and it seems as though it should day before he was drowned Mr. R. room when she exclaimed, "I think we form a part of this article. We print heard him say "Foone going to see his never see Mendi any more." The it word for word : Mother" he was very homesick. banners of an extremely brilliant 4urora Borcalis were flashing in the I74 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, sky a nd she was sure they would b.; oboat t take possession. During these deed h ave been a high order of native destroyed, but was reassured when I few days before the revenue cutter put intelligence, for although born, so to told her that at certain seasons we often in an appearance, the supposed pirate say, in an African jungle and having had those lights. had sent very formidable looking and lived his thirty years or so in all es I f elt sorry to part with Tamie, for near!y naked black men ashore to pur sentials as a barbarian, he was observ she was very interesting and I wonder chase supplies for which they paid in ant enough during the voyage to notice shall we meet again. — J. M. Khown. Spanish doubloons, and certain venture that the sun always rose astern and some sailor men with conf1dence in the set ahead. Therefore, said this Prince speed of their boats had drawn near to himself, as he lav chained and gasp enough to the suspected schooner to ing for air between decks, "when I sail see that she was manned entirely by towards home I will steer toward the blacks, and apparently only wanted to be rising sun." (Hlj? H ark $frmrr. let alone. Her name was found to be The c apture of the schooner before the "Amistad." she reached her destination was more in the line of Cinquez's experience. None IXTY y ears ago a band of No s erious resistance was offered to the revenue men, but one splendid speci of the crew were ever heard from African savages led by their men of an African plunged overboard, again, but Ruis and Montez had merely warrior chieftains and in de struck out for the open sea, and was only bought the black men as chattels in open fiance of opposition on the rescued from death by drowning through market so these two were saved alive part of many townspeople, in the efforts of an entire boat's crew, who with the cabin-boy aforesaid, who was vaded our peaceful village and in a way lassooed him and hauled him aboard neither old enough nor big enough to took possession of the place. To very after he was quite exhausted by his have made enemies among the negroes. many of the present generation the fore exertions. I his was Cinquez. the Black Cinquez notif1ed his prisoners in un going statment may seem altogether in Prince, and he afterward admitted that mistakable terms that the ship's course credible, but it is nothing more than it was his intention never to be taken was east, but naturally enough while history slightly "embroidered" for alive. the unlettered African could lay a course dramatic effect. Below d ecks were found two white by the sun the mystery of the mariner's In 1 841 the case of the "Amistad men, Spaniards, Montez and Ruis by , with its strange hieroglyphics, Captives" was of international import name, and Antonio, a cabin boy. Al1 was too much for him. so the white ance, and never has Farmington been so hands were taken to New London and men managed to keep her headed to truly the center of public attention, as held for government action. Then it the north and west between sunset and when these distinguished foreigners came out that the -'Amistad" was a sunrise, and eventually she brought up were among her summer visitors. slaver, and that the thirty-four black men as has been related, off Montauk Point, Their s tory is quite as romantic as and three women found on board were and straightway the slavery and anti- those that are served up in the modern the survivors of a "cargo" run off from slavery factions were set by the ears. novel, and I am permitted briefly to re the west coast after the usual methods 'I'he s lave holders and their northern count it here for I can clearly remember, of traders. They must have been sympathizers supported the claim of the as clearly that is as achild may who was treated with somewhat more humanity Spanish minister that the Africans were barely three years old at the time — than usual for less than a score of lawful property, while the anti-slavery how this same Black Prince used to toss them died and were thrown overboard faction held that since the trade in hu me up and seat me upon his broad during the passage to Cuba, where Mon man creatures was illegitimate alike un shoulder while he executed a barbaric tez and Ruis bought the whole outf1t and der Spanish and American law. the cap- dance on the lawn for my entertain sailed at once for their plantations at ment. There are those, however, liv Puerto Principe. *Also s pelled "Cinque." It was popu- ing in Farmington, whose personal rec 'arlv pronounced "Sinquc" in New Fng But t hey had reckoned without con I-ud. 'fhe Spanish terminal z is here ollections of Cinquez* and his following sulting the Black Prince. His must in are clearer than mine, so I hasten to adopted as most likely to be correct. cite the story from authorities. In t he year 1830. saiding masters on the high seas were still on the lookout for suspicious craft, and deemed it pru dent to give a wide berth to "long, low, black schooners with raking masts," be loved in the story books of venturesome boys and very justly the terror of honest merchantmen. When, therefore, such a schooner was sighte I on an August morning of the year in question, l1ox- inp about off Montauk Point, all well disposed coasters and f1sher folk fled to the nearest ports for safety, and the government was not1f1ed by mail, the telephone being out of order, that a sure enough pirate was ravaging the eastern end of Kong Island. Steam w as unknown to the revenue service of that period, and several days passed before the swift sailing cutter "Washington," Lieutenant Gedncy, overhauled the supposed marauder and with her crew at quarters sent an armed BUILDING U SUD AS "QUARTEBS" BY THE "MENI1I NEGROES." THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I75

tives w ere well within their rights when den u pon the community. But Mr. Tap- flightf o steps then led down from the they demonstrated their title to "life, pan and his friends prevailed at last, southern piazza of my father's house, liberty and the pursuit of happiness" on and with hut little delay the whole and I distinctly remember seeing the the high seas. This last mentioned view hand of thirty-seven embarked on a athletic Cinquez turn a somersault from of the case was taken by the lower canal boat,* and. singing the Christian these steps and then go on down the court sustained by the district judges, hymns that they had learned, voyaged sloping lawn in a succession of hand and thence carried up to the United up the placid water way that then led springs heels over head, to the wonder States Supreme Court, where it was from New Haven to Northampton. ment and admiration of my big broth argued by the venerable John Quincy Barracks h ad been erected on land at ers and myself. Again I recall a visit Adams of Boston and the Hon. Simeon the rear of the old Wadsworth House, to the barracks, where I beheld the now occupied by Mr. Dunning, and ad whole black company clad, as it seems joining the cemetery, and here the late to me, in dark brown or gray jeans. In captives speedily made themselves at my childish eyes they seemed a mighty home. These barracks were still stand host, and as such they will always re ing when I last visited the place, though main in my memory, for probably I I am under the impression that they had never before seen so many men have been moved somewhat from their together at any one time. original position. I w as a favorite, too, with Grabbo. Cinquez w as a born ruler, and, ably the second in command, who was al seconded by his lieutenant Grabbo, he lowed sometimes to take me out for maintained a very creditable degree of excursions in the neighborhood. I can discipline among his half savage fol even remember that my mother was very lowers. They were for toe most part anxious at first about these expeditions, free to roam about except for regular but eventually acquired entire confidence THE H ON. SAMfEI1 IIE.MING— A STA1'M H school hours, and the townsfolk soon in these big sable playmates of her little ABOLITIONIST. ceased to fear them. Anxious mammas boy. E. B aldwin of New Haven. Mr. Adams at the first trembled and kept their The e x-captives were expert swim devoutly wrote in his diary on the day tempting morsels of children behind mers, and very fond of bathing in the when he decided to act as counsel in bolted doors, but before long the be canal basins or in the mill pond until, the case: "I implore the mercy of Al lief in tales of canniablism died out. and unfortunately, poor Grabbo,* on a cer mighty God to so control my temper, to it was no uncommon sight in those tain day, was taken with a cramp, and enlighten my soul, and to give me utter days to see the big grown-up black chil drowned, in spite of the efforts of his ance, that I may prove myself in every dren playing with little white tots in companions to rescue him. A messen way equal to the task." Whether in village door yards. ger came at once for my father. We answer to this petition or not, his speech The A frican visitors, or some of them were sitting on the piazza in the cool occupied more than two days, and on at least, were often welcomed by my of the evening: it was early dusk when father, the late John T. Norton, at his March 9th, 1841, Justice Story delivered we saw a dark figure striding up the home, now the property of Mr. Ncw- the opinion of the Court, affirming at path ; taking no notice of the rest of last the freedom of the captives. ton Barnev, and as I have already said us, he went straight to my father, and During a ll the weary months since I retain dim, childish memories of the said in broken accents, "We — want — their capture the Africans had been kept strange, kindly black men. A broad you — Grabbo he daid," and with that he in confinement at New Haven, where they were provided with more creature comforts than they had ever known be fore. Mr. Lewis Tappan, of New York, a noted philanthropist, and one of the founders of the American Missionary Association, was a leader in all steps taken for their benefit. He was well known to many of the older generation in Farmington, and if I mistake not. often visited the town. During this stay in New Haven some of the students in the devoted much time to the instruction of the captives in the primary branches of an English education, so that when the edict of emancipation went forth, the brightest (-'i&i- among them were able to read and write a bit, and all had been lifted a little toward the light of civilized Christian ity. When i t was decided to quarter them in Farmington. pending arrangements for their return to Africa, there was consternation among the timid souls in i/o * ***** i*+ the quiet village. Stories of heredi . 3>6 tary canuahalism were plentifully circu lated, and there were not wanting for "KITCHEN D ETAIL"— AT THE "MENDI" Q UARTERS— FOR A PART OK OCTOBER, 1841. mal protests against forcing such a bur (Fac SimiIe J I76 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

Photograph o f an old blue and white "Abolition" plate. Part of a set that was used by Mr. Samuel Deming when Anti-Slavery conventions were held at his home in Farmington. Now owned by his daughter. Miss Kate Deming. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I77

F A C-SIMILE OF AUTOGRAPHS OF THE "MENDI NEGROES." ORIGINAL IV POSSES- SION OF MR. JULIUS GAY. I78 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, turned a bout and sped away, the big bis p eople must be far more worthy of *It h as since been learned that the tears chasing one another down bis dark record . Africans probably came up from New cheeks. Eventually, t hrough the efforts of Haven in wagons that were sent for Such a re some of the dim memories charitable folk and the Missionary So them. that linger with me concerning this sin ciety, the thirty-six survivors were sent *Called F ooni in records. gular episode of sixty years ago. It back to their native Africa with a gen is with some diffidence that I venture erous equipment of funds and teachers, into print with them, for after so long and in January, 1S42, were established a time I may easily be at fault in de in a colony known as the Mendi Mis tails, and as I have already hinted, there sion, near Sierra. Leone. — Chak1.es Led- are some, older even than I, whose YARd Norton, in Farmington Magazine, recollections of the Black Prince and February, 1901.

Japanese S tubente.

ONE-QUARTER o f a century delicacies a nd did for him in other ways, evidently d etermined to do his full duty. ago a goodly number of youths bad some copies of our hymnal, the W hen it seemed necessary to explain from Japan came to our vil "Plymouth Collection," very richly that the kiss he was to take was of lage and found a good home, bound and presented them, writing in sugar and on the plate, he also explained also careful instruction at Mr. each, both in English and Japanese, that "kiss is of the lips," and it took him Edward I-. Hart's. Some were sent by words of gratitude. Mitsukuri, an un some time to net the idea straightened the Japanese government, others paid usually bright youth, made friends here, nut, retaining an expression of wonder part themselves and a few had abundant and at home a name for himself which for a half hour or more, and I must means. Among the number, three stand gave him the title of professor and add, he was very good natured about out in our memory more prominently brought him to this country a few years the merriment it created. The double than the others. Shmadz, who was of ago on some business of scientif1c im meaning of words perplexed them royal birth, distinguished himself In- portance. He remembered his friends, greatly. appearing several times daily in dif even those in little Farmington, calling Mitsukuri a fterwards often wrote ferent suits, of various shades and cuts, upon them all. his friends here of his efforts to secure all American tailor-made; with beauti Many e venings were devoted to these for the women of his country more lib ful jewels wherever a man could wear young men while they were here at erty and pleasure. After many, many them; neck and footwear the most their studies. They were most eager months came a joyful letter saying his choice; and crowning all, a very con to learn our games and were quick to sisters were allowed to join himself and scious air. He was a genuine dude! acquire them where we were slow and a few friends occasionally of an even Mogami, h is opposite in every way, clumsy to learn theirs, owing to the ing for games but it was a much longer was poor, of humble birth, modest, and exceedingly quick and deft finger mo time before they were permitted any had a most lovely nature which endeared tions required. They were too polite instruction. Some years ago at the him to all his American associates. If to laugh at us but we did that part for World's Fair, the head of the Japanese I am not mistaken all his education was them very well and gave up trying to department was pleased when these received here whereas the others, af manipulate our fingers as it was quite countrymen of bis were enquired after ter leaving here, graduated from the out of the question to do anything in and said, among other things, "Shmadz Hartford High School and Yale Col that line as skilfully as they without is a great man in our country, very high lege. Mogami had with him a friend practice from infancy. At one gather in rank, and Mitzukuri is very learned; who sickened and died. He cared for ing, when refreshments were passed, be has a great mind." — S. L. Gruman his friend most tenderly and to show his Mogami was asked to "take a kiss." in Farmington Magazine. Oct., 1901. appreciation to the ladies here, who sent He arose somewhat embarrassed but

RESIDENCE O F HENRY M, WARREN. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I79

May : "21 p ounds chese att 6 penc To u se of my hors to worth- pr. p. 0-10-6 ington o- 2-3 July, 1796: HE r ecent unearthing of an April 1 7, 1789: To p ound of Buttor o- 0-9 i\\ °'d day hook of Elijah Lewis, To forty Shillings in Certif1cate Nov. 2 6, 1796: the great grandfather of Mr. att tenn Shillings upon the To 2 Qourts Brandy o- 3-0 Charles Lewis, brings to light Pound 1- 0-0 Crcadit. Creadit. the nearly forgotten fact that, Apr. 1 7, 1789: D ecember 6, 1794: shortly after the close of the Revolu By S ix days work att 2-6 pr. By a p air of hand irons 0-11-0 tionary War, he kept a "general store," day 0 -15-0 July. 1795: in the building that is now the store To bringing 6 hundred feet of Luther S hepard Dr. 2 pounds and residence of Mr. A. J. Parker. Clapboards from barkhemp- of Buttor o- 1-6 Many i tems in the hook are charges sted o- 6-0 July, 1 795: for brandy and phlip, which were prob September, 1 787: To r oth pounds of cheese o- 5-0 ably the products of a still kept by Mr. Gersham Xott .X pounds & Six August : Lewis, the foundation walls of which ounces of Pork 42 half To a d ung hill fowl 0-0-10 are still plainly discernible, in the rear pound of tallow o- 4-6 To a dussen of eggs o- 0-6 of Mr. Charles Lewis' residence. December 2 5, 1787: October : To g ive just an insight into the sort To l oad of wood o- 5-6 To 2 Q uorts Brandy o- 2-0 of goods kept for sale, and the prices April 2 . 1788: One p age has the following : — for which they were sold, some of the To s ixpenc worth of Candels o- 0-6 entries in the "old store book" are November, 1780: 1/97 quoted just as written, the quaint spell To t wo Shceps heads & plucks o- 1-0 then i p aid Mr. Isaac Buck for ing of the original being preserved, No,ber, 1790: Sider 9 0 Dollars. The a mounts are in pounds, shillings To a Dung hill fowl o- 0-8 paid C harles Pitkin for Sider and pence. Creadit. 12 D ollars. S eptember, 1789: Paid f or kodfish 4 Dollars & Sept. 2 , 1 780 : I. s d. By m ending 2 pare of Shoes o- 3-0 half Amos C lark to phlip o- 1 -0 March, 1790, Gabriel Curtis: Paid M r. omsted for freight To half Jill of rum o- 0 -4 To a d ay work and a half o- 3-9 of G oods from New vork 5,99 " a half Point of rum o- 1 -4 May, 1790: Paid for mending my Boots 0.40 " a Jill of rum o- 0 -8 To a B eehive o- 3-0 June. 1798: Oct. 3 1, 1780: September 2 8: John Cadwell, Dr: To a Jill of rum o- 0 -8 Paid f or one Mount h School 0to 2 Bushel of otes £200 To half a Jill Brandy O- 0 -2 ing fer your boy to Mr. buck. to 51 " '' otes 520 To a Jill of Brandy o- 0 -4 School Committee o- 2-3 to 66 " " otes 630 To half a Mug of Phlip O- 0 -8 No'br 2 0: 17,^: January, 1 782: To S heep Skin o- 0-9 Steven G ridley Crcadit by To a Quort of Brandy 0- 1 -3 Adney C urtis Dr. December 6, 1794: weaving 38 yards Clouth att oDitto t Brandy 0- 1 -3 to 18 pounds of Mutton o- 3-9 7 pence pr yard £1-2-2 To a Quort of Brandy 0- 1 -2 To a Quort of Brandy 0- 1 -2 To a Jill of Rum 0- 0 -8 (This a ct m1nt runs along for some five years, with nll of the ilen1s much the same. There is no record of its being settled ) April, 1 780: John North Dr to five hundred Contenental Dollars. Apr., 1 782: Isaac B uck Dr. for a two year old hefior 2-16-0 Aug.. 1 782: 20 Pounds of Mutton o- 7-1 To C arting Timber o- 9-0 7To 1 Pounds of Veil o- 4-5 Dec. 2 1. 1782: To a hide 58 Pound 0-14-6 Apr. 2 4, 1783. Judah Woodruff To B ushel of Corn 0- 5-0 To a m ug of Phlip Judah had o 1-4 To Cash 1- 8-0 To C andels o- 0-0 March, 1 7 86: Charles Woodruff to my hors 3 m iles o- 0-9 March 2 4: RESIDENCE A ND STORE OF MB. A. J. PARKER, FORMERLY THE STORE OF ELIJAH To u se my hors o- 2-8 LEWIS. IB0 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

1789: Elizer J udfl, Creadit to a Galon of N cwingland rum o- 2-6 November 11th, 17X9: Elijah S trong Dr, to six hun Ifarmtngton M ater Works. dred of brick 0-15-0 to a bushel of lime o- 4-0 Oct. 5, 1786: Martin L ewis Dr. to my horse trooping o - 3-0 [Although w ritten some five years after b eing cut through, maintained a ago, Mr. Wadsworth says that this flow of clean spring water for several The b ook is full of interesting entries article is thoroughly up to date, as hours, and this flow was stopped only but the space at our command com no changes have been made in the by thorough plugging. Residents pels us to stop with the account of system since that time.] in the vicinity for fifty years could not Judah Woodruff, the builder of the Congregational Church, who is prob HE h istory of the present sys remember the laying of this "Log Line," which would indicate the lon ably the best known of all of the per tem of water works in Farm ington would not he com sons having accounts with the old store. gevity of these pipes under favorable plete without recording the conditions. 1 hese lines undoubtedly November 1 7th, 1786: many attempts made by its performed their mission faithfully for Judah Woodruff Dr: citizens, since the earliest times, to many years, cheapness being their to fifty two Pounds Chese att £ s. d. bring the pure, clear water from the great recommendation. 6 p ence pr pd 1- 6-0 springs on the mountain side to their Another k ind of pipe line frequent to f 1fty Founds Buttor att 9 houses and barns in the prosperous vil ly met with was constructed of red un- penced a p 1-17-6 lage below. And this prosperity is glazed brick tile of great thickness and to your cattel doughing damige not a myth. Farmington was in fact strength, having a small bore not over in my Garding 40 heads of up to 1782 the center of the most pop one inch. This was put together in Cabbage spoilt o- 4-0 ulous district in the State. Likewise sections of two feet with cone-shaped November, 1 7X8: it can be safely stated that the wealth ends, the joints being packed in clay. to bringing your horses out of the Town was at this time not sec These tile lines could only have been of the meadow when i har- ond to Hartford. used as gravity conduits, as the resis rard o- 1-0 That t he early citizens of Farming- tance of the joints could not have been May, 2 1789: ton were able, energetic and resource greater than that of the clay forming to a yoake of three year old ful is evidenced by the high grade and the boml at each joint ; on the whole Steers 8 - 0-0 class of their homes and farm build they must have been leaky failures and to a s tick of timber for a well ing's, many of which on Main Street, their use abandoned in the colonies be Croch o - 1-0 erected before the War of the Revolu fore the advent of hydrants, as other August, 1 789: tion, stand to-day as the most spacious, wise the use of this form of tile would to 9 0 weight of veal 2 happeny comfortable and tasteful dwellings in have served, to a limited extent, as pr. p ound 0-18-9 the village. Into some of these water a permanent and serviceable con September, 1789: was conducted from an early period by duit. to 5 s quires of glass o- 1-4 means of a primitive and most ingen The n ext departure was the use of October, 1 789: ious system, which, for want of a lead in making pipes. This was ob By E lizer Steel 8 Shillings more descriptive name, might be tained in sheets, cut into proper widths, you A grcd to pay o- 8-0 called "The Yellow Pine Log Pipe and rol1ed and soldered together at November 2 , 1 78ii : Lines." These log pipes were made the local tinsmith's. Some of this to9 2 Gallons of Brandy 3- 14-6 by boring a two inch bole through eight old "Seamed Lead Pipe," laid some November 2 4, 1789: foot sections of yellow pine logs, vary seventy years ago, is doing service to to fetching out of the Com ing in size from six inches to one day. David Carrington claimed to mon field your cattel o- 1-0 foot in diameter. The method of have made the first of this "Seamed December 5, 1 789: ioining was to carefully taper the Pipe" for Samuel Dcming, to displace to 2 hundred & 24 feet of pine smaller end and ream the other to an old Log Line. In laying it across Boards 0 -7-10 proper size. The well-known resist Main Street it was actually run to 1 hundred of oke Boards o- 3-0 ance of this variety of wood to splitting through the old log main, either for the My hors to Bristol o- 1-0 made it possible to drive the sections purpose of protection or to save the July, 1 794: together with great force, insuring a expense of digging, or it may be both ; to 5 p ounds lam mutton o- 1-5 perfectly water tight joint, in fact at any rate this standard pioneer pipe February 1 8, 1795: these lines were laid through valleys was not molested or even found by the o- t a Bushel of potatoes o- 2-0 and over hills, making not only good recent trenching for the water works Farmington F ebruary 22. 1796. gravity lines, but to a limited extent or sewer system. This style of pipe then Reconed with Judah Woodruff and serviceable force mains. Water could in time displaced all the older, and due to him four pounds and Eleven be diverted at any point by simply bor many new ones were laid, reaching Shillings. ing to the axis of the main, there further up the side of the mountain. as w itness our hands: reaming and plugging in a branch. On the longest lines many persons Judah W oodRUf. The " Log Lines" were met with joined in bearing the cost and sharing every where in trenching Main Street the privileges, so creating rights which El1jah L ew1s. and with few exceptions an axe was are jealously guarded to this day and Farmington, Feby. 23, 1796. required to remove a section the width particularly valued for the excellent then Ballenccd our Book accounts by of the trench, so sound and well pre quality of the drinking water supplied. Money. served were the logs. One. in partic All the older pipe lines were laid with Judah W oodruf. ular, which supplied the buildings on pipes of small diameter, generally one El1jah Lew1s. the site now occupied by the Town Hall, inch or less. Thesq were capable of THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I8l supplying o nly a very limited amount nMason's o the south to the residence lated p rice of f1fteen dollars each. The of water, say two or three houses and of Mr. T. C. Collins on the north. In farm barns to one line, although there water company in fufilling this contract 1891 the four inch main water pipe laid 4.700 feet of six-inch cast iron are two lines with pipes of larger dia was continued on Main Street to a meter that supply several premises to pipe on Main Street and 2,270 feet of point opposite Gay's Store, setting four four-inch cast iron pipe on the side each line. hydrants and two horse fountains, also The m ost notable, largest, and by far streets and highways. They also set running one branch down the Avon eighteen additional 1ire hydrants, mak the most expensive of these private road to the house of Mr. Noah Wal water conduits was the two inch con ing with the four at the south end and lace and another down the passway to one on New Britain Avenue the full duit constructed about the year 1860, the houses of Miss Julia Brandegee. by Austin F. Williams from the "Gin number of twenty-three, capable with Later in the same year a one and a one thousand feet of hose now owned Still Brook" to his residence on Main quarter inch pipe was lakl on New Brit Street, some two thousand feet. In by the district, of protecting nearly ain Avenue to the residence of Mr. every house in the borough. The de 1878 the buildings of the writer were II. R. Woodward. connected with this system, thus af pendence of a community upon hydrants In 1 80,2 it was clearly evident that for fire protection has been demonstrated, fording a happy relief from the unre the small reservoir was wholly inade mitting toil of pumping water from a from the standpoint of promptness quate to supply the rapidly increasing and efficiency, to be the most economical well for sixty head of stock during the demands of the patrons on the new winter months, a task continued from and satisfactory. Especially is this lines. Therefore a tract of land of true in communities where relative the earliest recollections of the writer. thirty-two acres was purchased in this In 1881 an interruption occurred in high pressure can be obtained, capable year, and in the following year a dam of maintaining at least two effective this service from early in January to was constructed seven hundred and the following April, the cause attributed streams sufficient to cover the highest twenty feet long across the valley, set structures. The hydrants in front of being the usual one, the presence of an ting the water over some twenty acres eel in the pipe. The persistency of that Miss Porter's School and the Congre at an average depth of ten feet and im gational Church, at a test last Novem eel, and the fact that the well went dry, pounding approximately sixty million so necessitating the hauling of water ber, demonstrated that a stream could gallons of water. All this water is sup be maintained covering both structures with wagons, were 1 combination that plied from springs, there being no brooks raised a determination to have from at the same time, thus realizing in prac contributory to the system. The two- tice what was predicted before the in some source an independent supp1y inch main from the mountain to Main for the farm ; accordingly early in stallation of the present system, and the Street was displaced by a six-inch "Cast results cannot but be a satisfaction to the summer of 1881 the "Gin Still Iron Pipe" and the two-inch pipe was Brook" was chosen as affording the all. afterwards laid from Gay's Store to the It c an also be seen at once that the only adequate supply for a gravity residence of Mr. D. N. Barney and -later system. Land was bought of Lucius widely distributed hydrants form the to that of Mr. Wm. A. Hooker, the pres basis of a more efficient system, when F. Dorman in the August following, ent terminus. and later of William Pentalow. The ever the wealth and necessities of the two purchases included the tracts In t he session of 1895 a charter of District require the purchase and main known as the "Old Still Ponds," the incorporation was obtained from the tenance of a fire engine. With a lower being called No. 1. and the up General Assembly, and in June follow wise and proper distribution of the per No. 2. In September a two inch ing The Farmington Water Company hose at points in the North, South and galvanized wrought iron pipe was was organized under its charter with Middle Districts, where it can be ob laid from No. 2, 3500 feet to the farm a capital stock of $20,000, divided into tained and promptly attached to the buildings and house. Under the pres 800 shares of $25 each. hydrant nearest the fire, the Borough sure due to a fall of 1 12 feet, this In S eptember, 1895, a six-inch cast would be in a position to secure the gave a supply ample for several farms. iron pipe was laid as far south as the greatest efficiency of the present sys Aside from repairing the dam to res Risley House. tem ; and this system would meet ervoir No. 2 there was no further de In 1 806 the one and a quarter inch every demand and necessity that might velopment or extension of the system pipe on New Britain Avenue was dis arise, within reasonable bounds, for until the determination of a lawsuit placed by a six-inch main, and carried many years to come, and be a sub in 1886, brought in the year 1881 by up the avenue as far as the upper stantial protection and safeguard to the a lower riparian proprietor. The real driveway of Mr. Redfield,s, and a one- inflammable property of the borough. extension of the system began in the inch pipe carried as far as the "Flush From t he above it can be seen that fall of 1886 by connecting the houses Tank" at the summit. the present Water Works System has of Miss Sarah Porter (parsonage), In 1 899 a Filter Plant 80 by 100 feet been one of gradual and natural de Mrs. Rebecca Keep, Mr. Chauncey Rowe. was constructed below the main res velopment, based on the growing de Mr. Jas. Ix Cowles, and the farm barns ervoir for the purpose of purifying and mands and necessities of a prosperous of Miss Sarah Porter and Jas. L. rendering wholesome the storage water community, the members of which have Cowles. during the summer months. The at all times been ready to co-operate in In J uly, 1887, a four inch cement water method employed is sand filtration, and its construction, and quick to avail pipe was laid in Main Street as far this last season it gave entire satis themselves of its benefits. north as the front gate of Miss Porter's faction, removing every evidence of fer In c onnection with the excellent School, connecting at this point with a mentation indicated either by taste or separate system of sewers Farmington one inch water pipe running as far smell. may be said to occupy a position, from as Charpentier Avenue. In October, In S eptember, 1900. the water com a sanitary point of view, equal to that a one inch pipe was laid in Char pany made a contract with the fire dis of the most favored community. — A. R. pentier Avenue from Main to Canal trict for five years, to set and maintain WaDSWORTH, in Farmington Magazine Street, and on Canal Street from Mr. twenty-three fire hydrants at a stipu- May, 1901. I82 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, About f ive years after the Tunxis couraged f armers owning land in this ffearij E atBtng. Orchard was started. A. R. Wadsworth vicinity to make attempts to do like planted ten acres to peach trees near wise, but, owing to lack of facilities A X 1 892 the Root Brothers be- the Root Bros, on land that had al for spraying, the San Jose scale has coming interested in peach ready proved its value by growing ex worked havoc among their trees, and raising from talking with cellent apples. only the utmost diligence has protected John l?. Smith, manager of Xorthf o Mr. Wadsworth's lot, War the larger orchards. the Berlin peach orchard, and ren Mason has several hundred peach Two y ears ago Prof. Winthrop Ilill- reading the Hale Brothers' of Glaston trees in bearing known as the "Poplar yer, of the Wisconsin University, de bury, accounts of their success, decided Tree Bars" orchard. Still farther cided to pursue agriculture instead of to utilize a lot of poor pasture land north Alan Phillips has set peach trees teaching. He made a tour of investi 550 feet above sea level, covered with on the site formerly known as "The gation among peach growers from stone and brush. This was partially "Devil's Rocking Chair," owing to an Michigan to Maine and decided that cleared and 300 peach trees set out. immense boulder poised there. This Farmington had the soil, climate, ac In t hree years these trees bore such rock has now fallen and been crushed cessibility to market, etc.. necessary for choice fruit that more trees were set to aid in making our much needed good successful peach culture. Accordingly roads. A. B. Cook and Albert Kunne he purchased fifteen acres of mountain are also among the successful orchard land and in the spring of 1906 put out ists on the heights. 2,(XH) young trees on the land former All t hese upland orchards now bear ly owned by the Hart Bros., and used fruit of rare quality, high color and fine by them for the successful raising of flavor, and are spoken of as superior small fruit. This orchard has great to any in Connecticut. possibilities from its situation and al ready has a most promising look. These v ery successful ventures en

"PREPARING F OR THE FRt1T" AT THE "ROOT" FARM.

out, m ore land purchased and cleared, till there are now twenty acres of this high land planted with peach, plum, cherry and apple trees in a high state of cultivation, bearing choice fruit. In O ctober, 19o1, President Roose velt visited his sister, Mrs. Wm. S. Cowles, residing at Oldgate. Farly on the morning after his arrival President Roosevelt, accompanied by his daugh ter, Miss Alice, and bis niece. Miss Helen Roosevelt. Capt. Wm. S. Cowles. Secretary Cortelyou, Dr. Rixcyand Mr. Ferguson walked up to Rattlesnake Mountain. On t heir way home they stopped at the Tunxis Orchard, as the Root Bros, had named it in memory of the In dians who once wandered over its wilds. I h1ring the nine years of development this land had become quite a resort, owing to the beautiful view from the ledge. The P resident saluted the t1ag raised in honor of his visit, admired the view, and, disdaining the path, plunged over the cliff, followed by the whole party. Clinging to rocks and trees, they went down a nearly perpendicular descent of 350 feet and reached Main street in safety. Miss A lice Roosevelt had been down the same place the year before, accom pan1ed by her brother Theodore; trying to take a roundabout way home they became lost in Shade Swamp, and af ter hours of struggling through mud and mire reached Mrs. Cowles' residence in a weary and bedraggled condition.

I84 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

r

A D ISTANT VIKW OF HILI, STEAD

UNDERLEDOE C OTTAGE— OS "HILL-STEAD" FARM. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

''©6t> a nb Eni> Sbop."

-Zbe O runbu.- M. D B i n the Farmington Magazlne. July, TQo2.

S~p O R ETURN to the days of rag rlogues o the Confessions of a Frivolous NDODD A END SHOP. _ V carpets and brick ovens would Girl. 'I he ancient timepiece counte Gentle stranger, will you stop scarcely be the choice of peo nances on the wall only samplers and ple enjoying the luxuries of And raise the latch of my small shop? high colored prints, and the melodeon Do not pass by in restless haste, to-day ; but it gives them a suggests the psalm singing that satis distinct pleasure to step into the past I've something here for every taste. fied all the musical instincts of the Mittens for both girls and boys, for a half hour, a pleasure close at times. hand in the privilege given by Miss Knitted reins and other toys, Pope to go through the O'Rourkery. All t he furnishings are genuinely old Hot roast peanuts, toothsome cakes This, as may be known to all, is an old and the survival of the brilliant black Ginger snaps, and Bagdad dates. farm house on High street, once be and red table cloth in the "settin' room" Coffee too, which you must know longing to Mr. O'Rourke, which passed is a triumph of vigilance against its Grows in sunny Mexico, into Miss Pope's possession several natural enemy. Its color and design On far Esperanza's height, years ago and which she has fitted up make one glad to live in the days of Where the coyotes cry by night. in perfect keeping with the customs of Ruskin and Morris. The many im You'll find its flavor unsurpassed the times in which the house was pressions one brings away of spacious To crown the end of your repast ; built. rooms, simple and elegant lines of fur Although you sail o'er seven seas, The o utside shows the architecture niture, of light and air in every cor Stopping anywhere you please that was the outcome of necessity for ner and an absence of small things that I'll be bound, you'll never see protection against Indian attacks — the crowd, make the survey a lasting The equal of our special tea, overhanging second story. The inside pleasure. Named for England's ancient tower. reproduces and follows faithfullv in During t he last twelve years some Symbol of her might and power. most details the simplicity and severity additions to the original structure have Every day we serve it here of even the prosperous householder of been made and one room in the ell has With cream and sugar, or just clear. a hundred years ago. Nobody attempt grown into a shop, best described by its ing to live in an old house nowadays sign, so modest that it has never ap Should y ou want a dolly drest, would dispense with the comfort of peared, — "Odd and End Shop" ; where Or a golfer's hand-made vest. modern heating and plumbing. These every day soothing beverages that in Or a rug of colors gay, are found here but they do not ex vigorate in the cold winter and refresh Leave your order now I pray. clude the fire-place or the quaint cor in the heat of summer are much sought Time f orbids that I detail ner wash-stand. There are fine by Miss Porter's school girls and oc All the goods I have for sale; specimens of four-posters with their casional villagers and visitors. No Come and see them, row on row, canopies and hangings and patch quilts better summing up of the resources of Something you will buy I know. of riotous gaiety, and beside each is this unique place could be found than Should you hail from foreign climes, found the demure candle-stand so puri the lines sent as a joke by a Hartford Nor understand our English rhymes, tanical in suggestion that one would lady : With just, though modest pride I'd say: hesitate to lay upon it the Dolly Dia "lei, madame. Ion parte Francois."

ODDND A END SHOP— (The Grun1ly). I86 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, 1

TINTERIOR A THE ODIl AND END SHOP— MISS SHIELS. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I87

(From H artford Cnurant Wednesday, On t he mile and a half drive from the were a lso on hand to lend their assist October 23, 1901.) station President Roosevelt occupied ance if needed. the first carriage, and with him were After b reakfast President Roosevelt IN F ARMINGTON— PRES. ROOSE Commander and Mrs. Cowles. In the changed the business suit in which he VELT VISITS THE ANCIENT second carriage were Secretary Cortel had traveled through the night, for the TOWN. you, Assistant Secretary Barnes, Dr. formal presidential garb of black frock Rixcy and Mr. Ferguson. Deputy coat and vest and dark mixed trousers. An I nformal Reception — Guests Greet Sheriffs Footc of West Hartford, Cowles 0At 1 o'clock Warden Adrian R. Chief Executive at Cowles Residence of Farmington, and Egan of Southing- Wadsworth of the borough of Farm — Governor McLean and Senators ton followed in a third carriage, and ington, accompanied by Burgesses A. llawley and Platt in the Dis the rear of the procession was brought A. Redfield, David R. Hawley, William tinguished Company — Mc up by the four secret service men. On Hurlburt, E. E. Hutchinson, T. H. kinley Oak Planted. the way from the station the President Root and Clerk Charles Brandegee, remarked the beautiful scenery called upon the President and when Yesterday a nd last night the ancient of the mountain and meadows disclosed they had been presented by Commander and beautiful town of Farmington was and spoke enthusiastically of the at Cowles, Senior Burgess Redfield de honored by the presence of the Presi tractive homes that line the borough livered this address of welcome: dent of the United States, and the street. On reaching Oldgate Com "Mr. P resident: — We arc well aware, near1y welcome and generous hospitality mander and Mrs. Cowles and their sir, that the occasion of your visit to extended to him must have been a guests at once went inside the mansion Farmington is purely domestic and source of gratification to the chief exe and soon after breakfast was served. personal. Gool manners dictate a cutive of this country. The President In t he meantime a guard was placed jealous avoidance on our part of any and those who made the journey from in front of the house to keep out in- disturbance of the quiet you seek. We Washington with him arrived in Farm strusive visitors. Samuel Scott was are therefore doubly grateful to you ington early yesterday morning. They placed in charge of the entrance gate for consenting to receive the borough went up from New I laven on the and no one was admitted to the bouse council of Farmington in this informal Northampton division of the Consoli thereafter during the day, except bv the and kindly manner. On behalf of the dated road. Those with President presentation of a card which had first people of this village and of the town Roosevelt were Commander Wm. Shef received approval. The secret service of Farmington, as well, we hid you a field Cowles, his brother-in-law, Secre men were stationed about the outside cordial welcome. We beg you to be tary Cortelyou, Dr. P. M. Rixcy, As of the house and several energetic lieve that as our Chief Magistrate we sistant Secretary Barnes and D. Mun- borough constables kept the crowd, entertain for you the highest respect roe Ferguson, formerly of the Rough which had assembled in the streets, in and good will and as a representative Riders. There were also four men of proper order. The deputy sheriffs American citizen you have our warmest the government secret service who had been detailed from Washington to watc1 over the president's person. At the station a number of townspeople were assembled and they cheered the Presi dent as he left the train. Mrs. C owles, the President,s sister, was also 0n the platform and extended a warm greeting to her brother. Be sides there was a detail from the Hart ford County sheriff's office and the con stabulary of Farmington, reinforced by special appointments for the day. As s oon as the greetings were over the distinguished visitors were driven to Oldgate, the home of Commander and Mrs. Cowles, where they were to be guests during their stay in Farming- ton. The h ouse is situated on Main street, and is a fine example of colonial archi tecture. Between the high posts in front of the main entrance bangs an iron gate of ancient pattern, and this fea ture gives the residence its name. THE M cKINLEY OAK, JULY 25, IflO6. I88 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT, admiration a nd affectionate regard. even r ecalled the name Stannard, of From H artford. Mayor Harbison. We beg you to accept the freedom of the soldier's old brigade commander. Major J. G. Rathbun, Mr. and Mrs. the borough of Farmington." In t he meantime Governor McLean. Walter Griffin, Dr. and Mrs. J. H. Rose, ['resident R oosevelt made a brief Senator and Mrs. Hawley, and Senator Executive Secretary John T. Robinson, reply to the address. He thanked the and Mrs. Platt had arrived at the Mr. and Mrs. H. J. Wickham, Mr. and warden and burgesses for the expres Cowles house, and on the President's re Mrs. Lewis D. Parker, Miss Mary Bar sions of good will contained in the ad turn from his short pedestrian tour, ton, Mr. and Mrs. Ernest Cady, Mr. and dress and said that were it possible he they extended to him a welcome to Mrs. Franklin G. Whitmore, J. B. Ryan, would be most happy to meet all the Connecticut. Luncheon was served at Miss Elizabeth Wainwright and Miss people of Farmington personally. As 1 o,clock and the United States sena Margaret Warner. this would not be possible he desired tors and their wives joined the presi From F armington, Rev. Dr. and Mrs. the borough council to receive for dential party as the guests of Com Jas. D. Johnson, The Misses Johnson, themselves and the people of Farming- mander and Mrs. Cowles. Mr. and Mrs. Julius Gay, Miss Florence ton his cordial thanks and best wishes. A f ternoou Reception. Gay, Mr. and Mrs, D. Newton Barney, I he President also declined the honor In t he afternoon the President re Mrs. Sarah Barney, Miss Brandegee. of planting an oak tree in memorv of ceived those who had been invited to Mr. and Mrs. Erastus Gay, the Misses President McKinley on the Sarah Por pay their respects to him. Admission Gay, Judge and Mrs. E. H. Deming, ter Memorial Park, saying that as he was by card and many visitors availed Mr. and Mrs. W. K. Chase. A. A. Red- had declined to take in other memorial themselves of the opportunity offered field and Miss Redfield, G. F. Dunning services it would not be in good taste to meet the executive of the nation. At and Miss Dunning, James L. Cowles to make an exception in the case ( ,i o'clock the young women from Miss and the Misses Cowles, Mr. and Mrs. Farmington. Porter's school were received. Thev R. IX Hawley, Miss Maria Porter, Miss went to the house in a body and grace Elizabeth Porter, Mr. and Mrs. A. A. At 1 0:30 o'clock, three carriages were fully paying their respects to President Pope, Miss Pope. Mr. and Mrs. A. R. drawn up in front of the entrance gate, Roosevelt were as graciously . received. Wadsworth. Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Brande and soon after the presidential party In the meantime a large crowd had gee, Mr. and Mrs. Robt. Brandegee. came from the house for the purpose gathered in front of the house and Mr. and Mrs. F. L. Scott, Mr. and Mrs. of taking a short drive. President were interestedly watching the proceed C. B. Vorce, the Misses Vorce, Mr. and Roosevelt entered the first carriage and ings. Suddenly and without warning Mrs. H. T. Allen, Mr. and Mrs. W. B. with him rode Mrs. Cowles, his sister. the President, Commander Cowles and Allen, Mr. and Mrs. Jesse Moore, Mr. In the next carriage were Commander Mr. Cortelyou appeared in the door and Mrs. I. B. Griggs, Mrs. Lyon, Miss Cowles, who had put on his naval uni way. Almost as rapidly they passed Lyon, Dr. and Mrs. Chas. Carrington, form. Secretary Cortelyou, Mrs. W. down the path through the gate and Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Barbour, Miss Bayard Cutting of New York and Dr. stepped into a carriage. They were Barbour, Mr. and Mrs. L. C. Root. Rixey. In the third carriage were D. at once driven north through the street Mr. and Mrs. T. H. Root. Mr and Mrs. Monroe Ferguson, Assistant Secretary to the park where the oak was being Anson Porter, Richard Gay, Miss Julia Barnes, Miss Alice Roosevelt, a (laugh planted in honor of President McKin Brown. Mr. and Mrs. H. H. Mason, ter of the President, and Miss Helen ley. The crowds in the street and at Miss Haydock, Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Roosevelt, his niece. The party was the park, cheered the President heartily Hooker, the Misses Klauser, Mr. and driven up the main street to Farming- all of the way. On arriving at the park Mrs. Albert Hart, Mrs. Wm. H. Al ton avenue and then past D. Newton the carriage was driven around the grass len. Charles Lewis. Miss Mary Lewis, Barney's residence to the north for a plat and then back to Oldgate. The Dr. Frank Wheeler, Mr. and Mrs. C. distance of two miles. Then the route object of the drive was that the Presi W. Ruie, Mr. and Mrs. Paul Wollen- was to the west to the Cider Brook dent might see the tree planted in honor berg, Mr. and Mrs. Fdw. Tillotson, road, and then south through the main of his predecessor. Mr and Mrs. J. H. Andrews, Mrs. J. street again. A tutu was then made On t he return to the house the re E Cowles. Mr. and Mrs. C. J. Thorpe, to the highlands at the east, and as the ception was at once resumed and in Prof, and Mrs. Swett. Mr. and Mrs. President's carriage reached the Con vited guests soon thronged the resi C. S. Maso n.Mrs. Brittou, Mrs. Samuel gregational church, on the way back dence. After presenting their cards at Root, Mr. and Mrs. Janes and Alfred to Oldgate. there, drawn up in line, were the gate the guests were received by Skougland. 150 little bovs and girls each waxing . Judge Deming of Farmington and pre The r eception continued until after flag. As t he President perceived this dainty sented to Mrs. Cowles and Miss Alice 5 o,clock, and after the guests had de welcome he arose in the carriage and Roosevelt, who received in the en parted the President passed the time smilingly raised his hat. The children trance hall. Rev. Dr. Johnson of Farm until sundown in the house and about cheered him gleefully. ington then presented the visitors to the grounds of the Cowles residence. The r eturn was then made to Oldgate Commander Cowles, who in turn made I'o those who called upon him in the and the carriage ride was over. But the introductions to the President. The afternoon he expressed his pleasure at the President desired to see more of President stood in the large parlor at the reception given to him on the occa Farmington and so with Commander the left of the residence and was as sion of his visit to Farmington. Cowles and Secretary Cortelvou he sisted in receiving by Senator and Mrs. The e vening was passed quietly bv the took a short walk from the house go- Hawley and Senator and Mrs. Platt. presidential party. Dinner was served in" up again to the hills to the east and Tn the library, back of the parlor, at at 7 o'clock and at this function Gov. again enjoying the fine prospect. On the request of Miss Helen Roosevelt, McLean was a guest. his walk the President met Philander the autograph of every visitor was writ McKinley, M emorial Tree. Sergeant, a veteran of the Twelfth Ver ten in a book provided for the purpose While P resident Roosevelt was un mont. Mr. Sergeant wore a Grand In the large dining room refreshments able to take part in the exercises inci Arm- button and hat and this at once were served, Miss Florence Gay serv dent to the planting in memory of caught the President,s eye. He asked ing the tea and Miss Alice Gay the Pres. McKinley on the Sarah Porter the veteran his name and regiment ani' chocolate. Among those who were Memorial Park yesterday, the exer shook him warmly by the hand. He present at the reception were : cises were of exceptional interest. Gov. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I89

McLean w ent to Farmington on the COMMANDER W illiam S. Soon a fter ten o'clock the visitors noon train from New Haven and after Cowles. of the U. S. Navy, drove through the town, the line of lunching at the Country Cluh and meet has recently restored and carriages being led by that containing ing President Roosevelt, went to the improved the fine century- the President and Mrs. Cowles. The park and placed the f1rst shovel of dirt old homestead in this village houses had been decorated with flags, about the tree. The governor also at the south end of Main Street, in and the people stood in front of their made a short address in which he drew which he was born. Mrs. Cowles is homes, the school children on the a lesson from the life of the dead Presi a sister of President Roosevelt. When church green, waving a welcome. The dent. Addresses were also made by the President came from Washington President's response was most hearty Warden Wadsworth and Burgess Red- to attend the bi-centenial celebration of and winsome. field of Farmington, and Mayor Harbi and to receive his de From h alf-past two until five there son of Hartford. While the ceremonies gree of LL, I)., he fulfilled his promise, was a quiet reception of invited friends were in progress President Roosevelt made long ago, to visit his sister in at the Cowles mansion, in which the drove about the park and witnessed the Farmington. hosts were aided by Dr. Johnson, Mr. planting of the tree. A large crowd was It w as soon known that the Presi D. N. Barney and Judge Deming, also present during the ceremony. dent would be in town on the 22d of bv a few young ladies. As usual the The f ollowing citizens of Farmington October, and everybody was alert to President charmed his callers by his borough served as constables yesterday : sec him. The special train which genial reception of them, always remark Prank Hawley, borough sheriff Samue" brought him from Washington reached ing when possible on some association of Scott, F. Gilbert, Albert Blynn, Henry the Farmington station at half-past army or college or ne;ghborhood life Eisman, , John Rhodes, seven in the morning. The borough Senator and Mrs Plr1tt, Senator and Henry Gallagher, Ammi Janes, Chaun- had appointed special constables, and Mrs. Hawley and Governor McLean cey Griswold, Edward Miles. Keron they with a few friends were there to stood with the President in receiving Manion, Frank Harris, Harry Reed, welcome the distinguished guest. With the guests. William Hcming, H H. Mason and him were Mr. Cortelyou, his private The P resident's visit to Farmington Frederick Hurlburt. Each constable secretary, and Dr. Rixey, whose names will long live in the memories of the and deputy sheriff was designated by a had become so well known in connec people, and will take high rank among badge, which he displayed at any time tion with the sad tragedy at Buffalo. the interesting traditions of the vil it became necessary to warn the crowds They drove at once to the house of lage. — From Farmigton Magazine Dec. back. The best of order prevailed . nd Commander Cowles. 1 901. no show of force was at any time needed. Extra cars were run on the Farmington trolley line and they wee crowded all day. Farmington str-c's were thronged with visitors.

STUDIOF O MR. CHARI.RS FOSTER

LDTHE O CADWELL PLACE-RESIDENCE OF A. S. GREENBERQ 190 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

s

OR m ore than sixty years the and d istinguished Latin scholar. This village w ho became the day scholars, name of Farmington has been was her one opportunity for advanced and Miss Porter hired a few rooms in synonymous with that of Miss study and her only schooling away from one of the houses on the main street Sarah Porter and her well- home. She was an inmate of the fam and received a handful of boarders. known boarding school for ily of Professor Goodrich of Yale Col 1 bus she began and developed her girls. The work which Miss Porter did lege ; and her brother, Noah, the late boarding school in her own distinctive could hardly he repeated either in its President Porter of Yale University way. From the beginning an import duration or in its range of influence. then twenty years old, was the master ant feature was Miss Porter's reading Miss P orter's father was the Rev. of the Hopkins Grammar School. After aloud from English authors. Miss Por Noah Porter, D.D., for sixty years pas this she taught in Springfield, Buffalo, ter would often pursue her studies side tor of the Farmington Congregational and Philadelphia, but fmally, in Farm by side with her pupils in the hours Church, and she was born in 1813. in ington, about 1844, she took up her own allotted to study. The early growth of the bouse where she died, a quarter of a distinctive work. the school was slow — all things moved mile south of the school building. She at I I cr school began in an upper room of slowly in the forties and fifties. Rut tended the academy, and studied what what was known as the "stone store." every one of those early pupils had a the bovs did in the same way. Excell Joseph R. Hawlcy, the late Senator large share of Miss Porter's influence ing in all studies, perhaps her favorite Hawley, and Mr. John Hooker oc and came to regard her with an affec pursuit was language, and her f1rst cupied an office on the same floor, Mr. tion and gratitude which words cannot teaching was done as an assistant in Thomas Cowles. father of Captain W. describe. More and more it came to the academy when she was sixteen years S. Cowles (brother-in-law of President be realized how great and peculiar was old. In 18?2, when nineteen years of Roosevelt), another office and Miss Por the advantage which girls gained from age, Miss Porter went to New Haven, ter the space that remained. Miss Porter. It was not merely that and attended for a year the school of There w as at this time an unusual they studied while in the school; no Dr. E. A. Andrews, the lexicographer, number of bright young women in the doubt girls studied as bard in other THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I9I

THE " THOMPSON HOUSE."

192 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

THE M EMORIAL STUDIO.

schools. A bsolute, unqualifled respect for Miss Porter was a great underlving fact. ' They loved her for that interest and sympathy which never failed. Children and grandchildren had heard her praises sounded, and found when they came under her influence that the half had not been told. Miss P orter died, in her eighty- seventh year, on February 17, 19oo. Her funeral, held on February 21st, in the historical Congregational Church in Farmington, was a memorable occasion. The ample audience room and broad galleries were completely filled with the town's people, the pupils of her school and with former pupils who came

ONHR T STI DIO STEPS

MEMORIAL T ABLET IN STUDIO WALL,

I94 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

SCHOOL B I H, DISCS FROM C ANAL, ST.— - ,THE C AMPUS." THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I95 from m any parts of the country to do her d eath it has seemed as though their pused u all her energy ; she always honor to her memory. After an im remembrance could not sufficiently ex prosecuted her own studies and her pressive service conducted by the pastor press itself in lasting memorials. The own reading. No teacher was ever of the church. Dr. Johnson, the Rev. beautiful marble chapel on Main street, more deeply interested in all her pu Alexander Merriam of Hartford and near the Congregational Church, was pils or more truly lived for them. At Professor Frank K. Sanders of Yale, built by Miss Porter,s girls, and dedi the same time it is equally true that her body was borne from the church cated to her memory. The "Lodge" at she fed the springs of her own life by President Franklin Carter of Wil the southern end of the village, a home from sources outside the school. liams College, Professor William M. for working girls, established and main "One r eason why Miss Porter's Sloane of Columbia University, Pro tained by her pupils, was dear to Miss words had so much weight was that fessor Thomas D. Seymour of Yale, Porter's heart. She felt as did Pro she never exaggerated and rarely found Professor John H Wright of Harvard. fessor Sloane of Columbia University, fault. Her criticisms were construc Mr. W. W. Farnam, formerly treas when he said, "there is nowhere in the tive, helpful, suggestive. She showed urer of Yale, and Mr. D. Newton Bar world, a more beautiful scheme than what one might do that was better than ney of Farmington. She was buried Farmington Lodge." It is fitting, there what one had done, and took it for in the family lot in the Farmington fore, that it should be formally dedi granted that what she suggested would cemetery. cated to Miss Porter by the placing of be accepted. ... She refused to take The g rowth and prosperity of Miss a memorial tablet therein, by her girls. discouraged or discouraging views in Porter's School has always been in the year after her death. regard to human nature, in regard to dicated by its material enlargement. One w ho knew Miss Porter well has public men. and in regard to public af The main building, built as a hotel, but thus summed up that character which fairs. She believed the best things of secured by Miss Porter for her school has left such deep imprint upon suc those who were her pupils. 'Ihe more before the year 1850, with its recently ceeding generations of school girls: "I complicated the responsibility which added library on the south side, has have spoken of Miss Porter's debt to wealth and social connections were cer always remained the school centre and her ancestors, and I could emphasize tain to bring to her pupils in after home, but to it were added, as time went every word which I have said, if neces years, the more important she felt i to be that she should awaken them on, f1rst, the use of the third story of sary, more strongly, l?ut it is equally while in her care, to true intellectual Dr. Wheeler's beautiful old home op important to recognize that Miss Por effort, to self-direction, to a sense of posite, known to all generations of ter became what she was bv a wise and responsibility for others, to the great "Farmington girls" as the "Colony,', unintermitted self-culture and training, idea of service: and she was successful in so awakening them. fi1e roots of then the "Ward house" with its recent which others might imitate if they had her cheerfulness lay deeper than tem ample addition, the "Thompson house," her force of will, her love of her fcl- perament and education. There are to which, in the last year of her life, lowmen, her sense of the sacredness of passages in her journal which record Miss Porter added its commanding third human life. A part of the inspiring her meditations about prayer, about the relation to the soul to God, and which story aml the "Francis Cowles house," power of her life seems to me to lie reveal the sources from which she while as this volume goes to press an in this fact that she did not impress drew the inspiration of her effort for other house for the school, under its others with a brilliancy and with at others." present management, is rising upon the tainments beyond the reach of other lot of the old "Judge Rice house." mortals. I know of no one of whom Studio and schoolhouse, gymnasium, Wordsworth's word could more trulv music cottage and inf1rmary, all, too, be spoken : 'A creature not too bright By J osephine Canning bear witness to the development of the and good for human nature's daily Oh, d on't von remember the schoolhouse school under the guiding hand of Miss food,, There was a reasonableness and red Porter. a moderation about her counsel which Which s tood far back on the hill. Muchs a Miss Porter loved her prevented it from seeming impracticable. And the great oak tree which lifted its school and devoted her life to its wel Miss P orter's activity seemed head Close b y? It stands there still. fare, she was none the less identif1ed to be without friction. She wasted no You learned addition in that old place. with the village of Farmington. To her time. Important things were done with And t he use of verb and noun; no other place could compare with it. the same quickness and ease as little They have earned you much in life's She was its best citizen, and was ever things. .. . She seldom spoke of hard race — foremost in plans for village improve being burdened or hurried. Much of Give s ome to the dear old town ! ment. In this she had the hearty co her work was done in the early morn You h ave wandered far from the operation of her pupils, and the village ing. A picture rises before me of her hearthstone gray has many instances of her aid in its despatching a large part of her Where your infant feet first trod. You have walked in many a devious development, and of the carrying out correspondence in the morning before way, of her plans by the alumnae and school breakfast. In the same wav, she would But y ou worship your father's God. girls. Ihe art building of the school studv in the earlv morning hours her For you'll never forget the lessons on New I,ritain avenue is an instance New Testament in Greek, her Dante taught. tWhen a night you all knelt down of their delight in bringing her wishes or whatever site was interested in. In the home that you hold with the to fulfillment. It bears a Latin in "Miss P orter's unusual influence upon tenderest thought. scription dedicating it to Miss Porter a great variety of pupils was due large In your own old native town. and was erected because she desired to ly to the fact that she had something Aho ! g when the summer solstice burns. give a building that would be ,1n orna distinctive to give to each one whom And v our city home is hot. ment to Farmington. The village green, she met. It was due, in other words, to Go look where the winding river turns on the line of the trolley road from the breadth and depth of her own na In t he green old meadow lot. Hartford to Unionville, opposite the ture. Her points of contact with peo Then ask the people what it needs, And c ount it life's best crown Elm Tree Inn, is another of her bene ple were very numerous. The secret To build it up with filial deeds, factions to the people of Farmington, in of her freshness of mind was her habit Your o wn dear native town! which Miss Porter was aided by her of making continual additions to her —From Collinsvillc Record, July 15, pupils to accomplish Iter purpose. Since own knowledge. Her teaching never 1006. I96 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

POSINGOR K "BROTHER."

'RING A ROUND A ROSEY."

A G ROUP OF OLD (;IRL>J, THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

m r > l l

MRS.. R II. STIAKT. Ser Rebeeea M. Hatch MRS. HORATIO C. K ING. xkk Esther A. Howard MRS. CHARLES SEIXiWK'K. nek Mania Fenton (Deceased). MISS ANNIE F. RODMAN (Deceased). MRS. ARTHUR ROBINSON, nek Jennie Porter, MISS ANN IE KENT. MRS C HAKLES H. BALDWIN, nek Elisabeth Cu

arrayed i n gorgeous uniforms. The latterf o which the guns began to go off {Training 2 )a£. rank and file, with an occasional 1ed like a rattling long-drawn-out peal of and black uniform repres 'n1ing the thunder. This done the Company past glory of the compan>, we1v was marched off to other ground to drawn up in a single line whicn reached repeat their exercises as long as the INTY y ears ago every able from the store bearing the newly twelve rounds of ammunition lasted. bodied man in town, of suit painted sign of Wm. Gay and Co., east The whole resembled a modern Fourth able age, was required by law ward nearly or quite to Whitman's of July, but was vastly more amusing, to present himself once each Tavern. Some had muskets with less dangerous, and less annoying year on training day, armed bayonets, and some withou'. Some "Training Day" was. or rather had and equipped as the law directs. carried fowling pieces or an, thing been, one of the three great days of He w as to be subject to the inspec from which powder could be bred. the year in New England, sharing with tion and commands of that magnificent The others were armed and equipped Election Day, and Thanksgiving Day, person, the train band Captain. The with whip stocks, umbrellas, or with the enjoyments that came seldom, and town boasted of two companies of anything with which thev could carry were all the more enjoyed. — Jul1us militia, one the Grenadiers with elegant out the order to "shoulder arms." Gav, in Farmingtm1 Magazine, July, uniforms, blue coats faced with white, The favorite commands were "make 1 9o1. white trousers, and Roman helmets ready," "take aim and fire," at the surmounted with waving white plumes, —a select body of men whose nunj-

"GRENADIER" H AT. hers w ere constantly diminishing as the ancient military glory of the town decayed. The other company com prised all others who were liable to military duty and was legally known as the First Company of the Four teenth Regiment of Infantry but popu larly as the "bushwhackers." One of "MEETING H OUSE SQUARE" ABOUT 1880, the old military orders has come down to us with its wood cut of flags, drums, tents, and other details of the pomp and circumstances of war, and the fol lowing order: "Attention! F 'irst Company, Four teenth Regiment, Infantry. To either of the non-commissioned officers: You are hereby appointed to give legal warn ing to all the members of said Com pany to appear on parade at the usual place, on .Monday, the first day of May next, at o o'clock A. M. armed and equipped as the law directs, for Com pany inspection and exercise. LUCIUS S. COWLES, Captain Commanding, dated at Farmington, this 12th day of April, 1843. Also are requested to furnish 12 Rounds blank cartridges." I h is last specification concerning- powder was the thing of prime im portance as will presently appear. I remember with great distinctness the events of this peculiar militarv dis plav almost, if not quite the last tha; took place in our streets. Lucius Cowles was Captain, and Frederick Cowles was his Lieutenant. Both were LDAN O " TRAVELING COMPANION"— PROPERTY OF MR. H. M. COWLES. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. I99

Elm U vcc Unn, By H ugh L. Wh1te

Colonial l aw ordered each town to provide one sufficient inhabitant to keep an ordinary for the occasional enter tainment of strangers in a comfortable manner, and Joseph Root, of the vil lage of Farmington, was appointed by the town to attend to this duty. In 1 691 an inn with its swinging sign, offering entertainment for man and beast, may have existed. It is well known that whenever the bouse was built, — about 1700 — it stood on the northeast corner of High street and New Britain avenue ; faced south and was for many years the tavern of Cap tain Joseph Porter. Fromn a extract from "Farmington Two Hundred Years Ago," by Julius Gay, he says: "I have the tavern sign, which bears a picture of a house on one side and on the reverse side that of a goddess, armed with helmet, spear and shield, in apparel better bef1tting the heat of summer than the blasts of winter. She was doubtless the first goddess to bear on her shield the three grapevines of Connecticut." While t his inn is of great historical importance, what is it in comparison with the Elm Tree Inn, with its modest swinging sign, so old that the paintings .J. B RYAN, PROPRIETOR OF THE ELM TREE INN. are almost obliterated on both sides by exposure to the weather. page 1 8. "Old Houses in Farmington," tre o f the mass of buildings which form This i nn, owned and conducted by Mr. by Julius Gay, says : "We will halt un the present hostelry. At the end of J. B. Ryan, a most genial host, who, der the big elm which overhangs the the long hall which runs back from the together with his amiable wife are al little house where Manin Curtis spent entrance we come upon the stairs — of ways looking after the welfare and com his life, long enough to say that his comparatively modern date — just in fort of their patrons, is about ten miles father Slyvanus Curtis, in company front of which runs a passage at right from Hartford by trolley cars. It is witlt Phineas Lewis, in 176J, the year angles to the entrance hall. Thcsp beautifully located on high ground, in when Sylvanus was married, brought stairs occupy exactly the p1ace 01" those a pretty, spacious park of large elm. home, from a swamp, three elm trees. in the ancient house. The present maple and other varieties of trees and One was planted back of the Elm smoking room is the original hall as rare shrubbery, overlooking the main Tree Inn, one in front of the bouse of the summer overhead and the oven, road and town park directly opposite. Mr. Curtis, and the third failed to live. probably built into an older fireplace, The f oliage and beds of choice flowers The e normous stump of the tree, procla1m. surrounding the premises of many about fifteen feet high, is covered each " T he parlor is now absorbed in the acres, lending a most enchanting scene ; year with morning glories and is a dining room of the inn, but the sum the patron has every opportunity to picturesque and interesting sight to mer still traverses a part of the ceil breathe the purest country air. visitors. The other still living and in ing of the new room. As you stand in Even s ome of the oldest elm trees a good state of preservation, stands di the passage at the front of the stairs, have a history to themselves, well rectly opposite the premises. you will see above you, with its soffit worth knowing. From " Early Connecticut Houses," flush with the rest of the ceiling, the General W ashington, during the rev by Isham and Brown : ancient overhang which shows even the olutionary war, passed through Farm "Few v isitors to the Elm Tree Inn edges of the bottom board of the sec ington on his way to meet General at Farmington are aware that a house ond story front. Lafayette. The following extract from of about 1660 is concealed at the cen "There i s also an end overhang as FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT.

LMTHE E TKEE INN" FROM T1IE FRONT.

.THELM E TKEE INN" FROM THE WEST.

Photograph o f two blue and white I'flip Mugs that were used at the Elm Tree I m1 by Mr. Seth Lewis, when he was proprietor. Now owned by his granddaughter. Miss Catherine L. Dent ing. The design on the mugs shows the Duke of Wellington on his horse. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 20I the p lan shows, which can be seen on from t he fact. Many permanent board the t imes and gossiping generally. the outside of the present smoking ers live here during the summer and Many p eople of prominence from dif room. It is small, however, and there winter months. While there may be ferent states visit the inn at intervals. are no brackets now remaining under more gavcty during the summer and Many parents, who have daughters at it. autumn months, yet in the winter the Miss Porter's well-known school for "Who b uilt the house we do not inn is a great resort for sleighing par young ladies, make the inn their head know. It may have been Captain Wil ties. quarters for longer or shorter periods liam Lewis, whose son, also named The p ermanent boarders are a genial during the year. William Lewis, one of the schoolmasters family by themselves. During the crisp, Many g raduates return to the town, of Farmington, undoubtedly lived here cold nights the ladies can be seen in some who left twenty or more years in 1704. It belongs somewhere about the old rooms already mentioned, ago. They come to see the old place 1660." around the blazing log f1res where hang and renew old association. They also Many p ersons unacquainted with this the original cranes, with pots, kettles, enjoy the inn. famous hostelry suppose it is merely etc., amusing themselves in various From a ll that has been said about a summer resort where occasional ways. the Elm Tree Inn it only goes to show clam bakes and sheep roast are given In t he main office around another that it is of the greatest historical in by the proprietor for the benef1t of his log fire are the men, boarders mingled terest as well as popular resort most patrons and invited guests. 'I his is far with the villagers, discussing topics of excellently kept and managed.

INHE T DINING ROOM AT THE ELM TREE INN.

UNTHE S ROOM AT THE ELM TREE INN. 202 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

Extracts f rom a Manuscript 1foi8tor\' of jfarminoton

Be S amuel IRtcbarbs,

THE F IRST POSTMASTER.

Through t he courtesy extended by tractedy m attention — viz. — "Mr. Steele The s oil of the land in the town is the Connecticut Historical Society, we is appointed to keep the records of very various, the mountain seems com publish the accompanying extracts from Farmington untill the town shall have posed principally of rock of the blue a manuscript history of Farmington, a man qualif1ed for said duty." or greenstone kind, the foundation of Connecticut, written by Mr. Samuel I c ommit this to your care, consider which is a red shelly rock. The sum Richards, about too years ago. Mr. ing it a relic or kind of heir loom to mit of the mountain is covered with Richards, letter to Mr. John Hooker descend to my son and his successors, some shrubby oaks, cedars and spruce concerning the manuscript is printed with the injunction nut to lend I shall The declivitv on the east is well tim herewith. direct him to call on you for it soon, bered, and from the base eastward is after the completion of the year 1840. principally pasturage, much incumbered Wilkes B arre, Pa., Aug. 27, 1830, trusting in your friendship and fidelity with rock and stones. The soil is good Mr. John Hooker, to have it in safe keeping untill he calls but hard, of red gravel and a small Dear S ir: — By the bearer I send for it. mixture of clay and loam. you a manuscript containing all the With f eelings of friendship and re About half a mile from the river and information I can fmd, in the points spect, in the meadow stands the Round Hill, you requested of me. I send it you Samuel R 1chards. elevated about thirty or forty feet, pretty thus early, knowing "the time of my August, 1 838. steep; covering about four or f1ve acres departure is at hand." [ pray you to Extracts f rom Mr. Samuel Richards' of land ; the top level. Though called have the names of the original proprie " Farnrington in Connecticut." round, that being its general appear tors entered at the end, where I have Boundaries — F 1st — f1ve miles from ance to the eye. the northwest part is ruled. I he suggestion I have made at the great river, five miles North of something wedge-like. As this large the close is my earnest desire. round hill and ten miles South of said flat is covered with water at times of Wishing y ou happiness in this world round hill * freshets, and a considerable current. and the world to come — and with af it has probably been worn into that fectionate regards to both your parents, *PaCent f or Farmington on town rec ords book 4th, page 1s6— A I). 1615. shape he the pressure of the water. I am. From tlu- west side of this flat to Dr. S ir, The s ettlement lint calle I Tunras, b- ing in the iountry inhabited by an in- the mountain it is wooded, with small Your O bt. Svrt., hills, which contain, wherever openings Samuel R 1chards. dian tribe of that name. The p atent was obtained from the have been made, red free-stone. The The "suggestion at the end" referred forest trees are white, red and yellow to by Mr. Richards in the preceding generaJ assembly by a company consist ing of 84 proprietors, being in part the oak, chestnut, walnut or hickory, and letter. on the northwest part yellow pine. The To M r. John Hooker of Farmington, men who came across the wilderness in 16.34-5 w'tn the Revc'd Mr. Hooker, and productions are such as are common Ie h subjoined sketches were occa to New England, indian corn, rye, oats, sionally entered in this kind of common were probably some of those who landed at Plymouth, November, 1620, & in rlax. and some wheat. . The place book, without any expectation of orchards a re abundant, but the quality their being published. In the year 1786 part their sons. As e arly as 1640 it appears that a num of the fruit has not been well selected I was appointed clerk of the Co. of hitherto, but is gaining. The bodv of ancient proprietors of the town, which ber had come from Hartford and began a settlement at this place, but the pat the town as it meets the eye of the led me to attempt to collect what of traveller, in approaching it through the their ancient records I could, fmding ent by the name of Farmington was dated in 1045, and contemplated the east or west mountain, presents a very them in a scattered situation I brought picturesque and pleasing appearance. those I found together and soon began extinction of the indian title bv pur chase. The n eatness of house and inclosures ; to make extracts, iinding the account of the richness of the soil and the appear the first transaction very obscure. I In t he vear 1650 a purchase was made of the chiefs of the Tunxas tribe, bv. ance of gool cultivation and general called at the office of Col. George thrift. . . . In the f1rst society or Wyllys a1 Hartford, knowing that the the said 84 proprietors of all the land; old 'town plott,' to which these notices records of Hartford had been preserved included in the patent from the general in the Wyllys' family from its first set assembly counting from the round hill, will he principallv confined — there arc- tlement. There I saw a record hook to extend 3 miles Fast, West eight eight merchants' shops, which together lettered on the back Hartford. Wind miles. North five mires. South ten miles. trade to the amount of perhaps eighty sor, Wethersfield. On examination I Although t he purchase described thousand dollars annually. could fmd but little of Farmington, bv 1 1 miles, yet by subsequent peram There a re good mechanics in each which must have been considered for bulations from the monuments affixed, branch sufficient to supply the inhabit some time an appendage of Hartford; it was found to be very near 16 by 1-, ants; but little manufacturing except in one vote on the Hartford record at miles. the family or domestic way.* THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 203

*Novv n early a century after these drove c losely together in them, the purchase c omprized a mansion house, notes were written by Mr. Richards, windows high 'and small. At a meeting two barns, and 67 acres of land all in there is only one manufacturing con March, 1704, seven houses were named the great meadow, and under good cul cern in the village. Mr. H. C. Rice to be fortified against the Indians, viz., tivation, since which a purchase has been at the "Cedars" carries on the manu beginning North, Thomas Orton's, Wil made of 21 acres of wood land at a facturing of a patent calf weaner or liam Lewis. Howkins Hart James Wads, distance of three-quarters of a mile. muzzel, for which he funls a ready worth, Jahn Hart. Samuel Wad.sworth. Its superintendence is committed to sale. — Editor. .. T he revolutionary war which the care of nine overseers, who appoint .. T he average number of commenced in 1775 and ended in a manager who conducts its internal deaths annually for the last thirty years 1783, seemed very much to change concerns in general conformity with a has been about 30, which will be seen the state of society; vices of al set of bye laws planned for its govern is one in a little over 60 and is a proof most every kind appeared to have ment. Another building has since been of the healthiness of the place, the air arisen towards a state of maturity added to the establishment for work being very pure and water perfectlv far beyond what a sober Christian or shops, where is manufactured a great clear, fresh and good. A considerable even a philosopher would readily admit, part of the clothing and articles of use quanity of grain, beef, pork, butter and without strong demonstration. The ef for the inmates ; the number of which cheese are carried to market and fects of a depreciating paper currency, has varied from 18 to J4. In the base sold. . .. the intercourse with the depraved of ment story of this building, which is The b uildings are all of wood, hither tlle British army, as prisoners and other of strong stone masonry, arc three sep to, except half a dozen of brick, but the wise, so many of the youth serving for arate cells for the confmement of the time must soon come when brick and seven years in the army, an illicit trade refractory. The utility of this establish stone must be the principal materials with New York to some extent. .. . ment can hardly be appreciated without for building. . . . resulted in showing a people very dif actual observation and comparison with Until a bout half a century ago abund ferent from what they were half a the former customary way of support ance of shad and salmon were taken centurv before. Having gained the ing the poor. ... in the river in the center of the town, point contended for in the revolution MINERALOGY. but now very few if any. l?nt the river ary struggle, the people showed signs nPrehnite. — O the east mountain, and small streams are well stored with of impatience under the government, which belongs to the trap ranges of small fish for angling. .. . and almost everv one thought himself Connecticut, two miles north of the The m eadows were found to be so capable of governing. . . . Advance meeting house, and against the house easy of cultivation that the inhabitants in refmement has produced its good as of James Andrus, prehnite is found until very lately confmed their labor well as its evils; the grosser vices are in such abundance that waggon loads almost exclusively to them; but lately in a good degree banished from the might be collected. The mountain here having turned their attention to the better part of society. Profanity and is preciptous, and large masses are con uplands, they fmd themselves amply re intemperance are among the number; tinually detached be the influence of the warded, those lands being cleared and sud especiallv improper intercourse be weather, forming a mass of ruins be well pulverized and mederately ma tween the sexes; liberties which were low. The prehnitc may be seen in al nured yield good crops in quantity and taken and admitted as in some manner most every crevice of the rock, forming of excellent quality. .. . of course, would now be spurned b" as it were the cement b: which the whole The r oads or highways were in a the ladies. No allusion is here intended is hound together. But it is more easily very squallid and bad situation until to what is viewed dirsrtlv criminal, but obtained and in greater abundance since the revolutionary war, instead of to those levities which a comparative among the debris below. Every vari being "cast up" they were gullied down rude state of society sanctions, and a ety of this mineral described by min by the water running in the center. They more ref1ned state has corrected. eralogists may be found here, and of are now kept in tolerable condition, the The spotted fever raged extensivelv in all the varieties specimens may be se turnpike system having operated favor the village in the years 1808 and 1809. lected of uncommon beauty. ably in the repairs of the roads gen About 30 died of it in 1808 besides 30 Sulphate o f barytes. — This mineral erally. of other diseases. In i800. 33 died of does not occur in any quantity. At the The b ridges are generally of a poor it besides 30 of other diseases. It at prehnite locality there are evident marks quality. The ones over small streams tacked those in youth and middle age of it. ... are indeed miserable. There are two principally, and proved fatal in 2, 3. or Hornblende. — A t the same locality I over the main river of about 130 feet .1 days. It did not appear verv con have found one specimen of crystallized long of timber, one laid on stone abutt- taglous, though in some instances it hornblende. ments and piers and is tolerably con could be prettv fairlv traced to the Chalcedony. — ' Ibis is found in the venient ; the other is poorer. The one patient of whom it was taken. A stim trap of the mountain in many places. cost $1,500, the other about $800. It is ulating course of practice was pursued Agate. — V ery fine agates are found much to be desired 1.1at these import Iv the phvsicians; bleeding was avoided. three miles from the meeting house on ant parts of roads should be constructed In a number of cases as soon as the the old road to Hartford. . The on a better plan. . . . patient was attacked, the whole system agates a re from the size of a butter The I ndian natives must have been pppeare I corrupted, and dissolution en nut downwards. They receive very numerous in and around this set sued in a few hours. . . . an exquisite polish and would doubt tlement, when the whites came on .. . HOUSEf o INDI'STRV O'f PENITENTIARY, less be very highly esteemed by lapi When I first become acquainted here BfCAN IN 1824. daries. . . . the number was about 100, this was in This b eing so important an object Copper. — S everal years since a piece the year 1763. .. . In 1ftoj a com that it deserves a particular notice. Its of native copper was found in a brook mittee was chosen by the town to location was f1xed, after long and ma beyond James Andreus, house. It must designate houses to be fortified, so as ture enquiry and consideration, at the have been of considerable size from this to defend against them. I remember northern end of the great meadow, dis circumstance — Mr. Andrus sent it to three houses which were thus fortified. tant a little more than a mile from any Mr. Silliman for information, he ham The doors were double plank, and nails other house in the village. The first mered it out into a bar, and returned 204 F ARMINGTON. CONNECTICUT, it, a nd Mr. Andrus used it in his shop Coal. — H alf a mile east of the meet er, D aniel Worner, John Worner, Senr., as he had occasion. .. . ing house on the triangular piece of William Judd, John Worner, Jr., Sulphuret o f copper is found four miles ground belonging to Horace Cowles, Zachriah Seymour, Thomas Porter, Jr., northeast of the meeting house on land a vein of coal was discovered two or Mr. Haynes, John Clark, Moses Ven- of Moses Goodman. There is an ex three feet below the surface in the de tris. Joseph Hickcox, Widow Orvis. John cavation made by the father of the pres cayed trap which forms the nole (knoll) Wilton, John Norton, Richard Brown- ent generation, who supposing that he in the center of the lot. The vein lay son, John Steele, Samuel Cowles, John had found gold, sent off a quantity to north and south, horizontal, and several Root, Jr., John Porter, John Judd, John England, and as they never heard of inches in diameter. Perhaps a bushel Andrus, Daniel Andrus, Abraham it again concluded that a portion of it of coal was found and then the mine Brownson, Thomas Judd, Senr., Thomas was gold. . One mile south of was exhausted. The specimens very Newell. Stephen Hart, Jr., Isaac Taleott Mountain turnpike, there are much resemble the Newcastle, are pure Brownson, Thomas Hanckox, Abraham two old shafts formerly sunk and and burn with readiness. Andrus. Benoni Steele, John Stanley, worked by Col. Partridge and others ; Sandstones, o f a globular form, from Jr. Widow Smith, Sam'l Steel, Jr.. the largest shaft is called, in the rec the size of a bullet to a six pound shot John Root, Senr., James Bird, John ords, Newell Mine. These mines were are found in great numbers in North- Scovell, Stephen Hart. Senr., Mr. New productive and would have been prof1t ington near Alamon Woodford's. On ton, John Stanley, Senr., Thomas Hart. able but for the difficulty of refming at breaking them open, there is uniformly John Carrington, Obadiah Ritcherds, that period. One Samuel Bird made found a globular cavity, f1lled with con Lent. Sam,l Steele, Isaac More. John copper coins from this copper, which crctcd sand. Hart, Jonathan Smith, Joseph Wood- were afterwards bought up with avidi Sames o f the original Proprietors en furd, John North, Senr., Jacob Brown ty, being found to contain a small por tered at the end of Mr. Richards', as son, John Thompson. Thomas Thomp tion of gold.* ... per his request. son, Sam'l North, Sam'l Hickcox. Jo- Magnetic o xide of iron. — This mineral John W adsworth, Thomas Barns. bannah Smith, John Lankton, John has been discovered by Mr. Joel Richerd Sevmour, Edmund Scott, Thom Woodruff, Simeon Rotherm. Thomas Beecher, who tan not as yet be per as Bull, Mr. W'vllys, David Carpenter. Gridley, Thomas Orton, , Mr. suaded to disclose the locality. It oc John Branson, Jr., Thomas In. Id. Jr. Hawkins, Joseph Bird, Sam'l Gridley, curs in nodules the size of a walnut John Bronson. Senr.. John North. Jr.. Their l ist is , £7107-0-0. and larger, imbedded in red feldspar. Thomas Richerdson, Matthew Wood / h ave given the spelling of the names I should call them crystals were there ruff, William Higanson, John Lee. as found in the "Proprietor,s Book of not such a diversity in their form. .. . Thos. Porter, Senr., Robert Porter, Common Lands'' p. 15, ♦The f act that they contained gold Daniel Porter, Benjamin Judd. Phillip J. H ooker. rests on tradition. The fmeness of the Judd, Captain Lewis, Mr. Samuel Hook copper probably gave them their value. Foetid C arbonate of Lime. — This is found on the land of Horace Cowles, 60 rods east of the meeting house. Rounded masses as large as a man,s head are turned up by the ploughs. This led to the supposition that there was a bed of the same below, which was confirmed by the fact that an iron bar thrust down to the depth of two or three feet in any part of the f1eld, struck on a solid rock. On digging, however, the rock was found to be green stone. The masses of limestone appear as if worn by water, and when broken emit a very offensive smell. What is their origin remains a question. Quart:. — V ery handsome specimens of crystalized quartz have been found at the Gin still half a mile south of the meeting house. Most of these are well characterized amethysts. The common limpid crystals occur in many other places. Loadstone. — A c olored man brought a specimen of loadstone to Joel Beecher and said he found it on the mountain east of E-zekiel Cowles. The specimen was a four-sided prisom, 1 1 -2 inches long, and 1-2 inch in diameter. Its at tractive power was very great. Plumbago. — A s pecimen of Plum bago was shown me by Solomon Whit man who said he found it on his plow land opposite Noadiah Bird's. The specimen was the size of a walnut, un connected with any foreign material, and of a pure quality. CHARLES B RANDEGEE -Town c1erk. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 205

TRANSPLANTING A L ARGE TREE, UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF LEWIS ('. ROOT.

LUCIUS F . DORMAN AND "CHARLIE JUDD," 206 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES.

JUDGE C HARLES W. BUIC, TIMOTHY H . ROOT, Burgess. 208 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

COUNTRY C LUB GOLF LINKS.

/? M ONG tho ;e who incorporated that C ol. Gay made a Journey to nuntil, i consequence of the ill health IJm the Country Club in 1897 were Maine, no inconsiderable undertaking, of Mr. Erastus Gay, his son Fisher. the following gentlemen: — N. and bought at the same time, lumber for the grandson 01 Col. Fisher, was callel Albert Hooker of New Haven: his contemplated house and for the home from the south where he was Hon. Philip Corbin of New meeting house of the village. The lat eng1ged in lucrative business, to as Britain; Hon. D. N. Brfrney of Farm- ter was built in 1771 and the account sist in the care of the family. More ington; J. K. Smith of Waterbury; books of Col. Gay, showing very lengthy room was needed for two families and Hon. Pliny Jewell of Hartford; John and minute dealings with Capt. Wood a gambrel roofed structure was added P. Elton of Waterbury; Henry L. ruff, under the date of Oct. 1o, 171)6 to the rear, with lines at right angles Wade of Waterbury; Fortis H. Allis gave him credit by 121 days' work of to those of the main building. It con of New Britain; Hon. Erastus Gay of yourself Joynering £j->-S-^, by 86 days, tained two kitchens and pantries for Farmington; Gilbert F. Heublein of by Frayser £14-0-8 and by David. 45 the two families. No cellar was ever Hartford; Adrian R. Wadsworth of days, £2-5-o.' Other credits follow. The built under it. On the east side was Farmington, and Charles Treadway of foundation of the house was a rectangle, a square porch with a door leading Bristol. the cellar extending under the whole into the kitchen on the west, and a The o ld Col. Fisher Gay Homestead building, while below all was a sub- broad scat running the whole length was re-arranged to meet the require cellar with stone shelves for the stor of the north side over which was a ments of the club, and was used as the age of butter and cream, before the day window giving light to the pantry. On Club House until its destruction by fire of ice and refrigerators. Though near the east side, across a path, stood the May 19. 19o1. ly as deep as the well a few feet cast post of an enormous well-sweep. The In t he Farmington Magazine of June. of the building, it was never wet. The ell running out from the northwest cor 19o1, Mr. Julius Gay describes the old construction of the bouse was peculiar. ner, lately the kitchen of the Club Col. Fisher Gay House in detail, and Instead of upright timbers, a sheathing House, was added, also a bed room it seems appropriate to reprint his de of two-inch oak planks set on end, now about the year 1842. The owners of scription here, as it must be of interest nearly as hard as iron, surrounded it, the Country Club House moved the to the citizens of Farming1on and of on the outside of which the clapboards whole structure back several feet, and particular interest to the members of were nailed, and on the inside the lath somewhat further to the east, adding the club. for the plastering. I be whole was a porch to the front, a veranda to the "To f ive generations of the dwellers proof against rats, mice, and Indian west side, and a rustic chimney to the on Farmington street it had been a bullets. The chimneys were laid on northwest corner. The general effect familiar object. It was built for Col. clay, mortar b.ing used only above the of the outside was carefully preserved. Fisher day, by Capt. Judah Woodruff, roof. The kitchen was in the north The present southeast corner occupies to whose workmanship the village owes east corner and was provided with two nearly the site of one of the corners many of its older bouses. Tradition, brick ovens, between which was the of the old Lewis house which came for which I know no authority, asserts big fireplace. So the house remained to Col. Gay with his wife Phebe Lewis, THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 209 the b road, flat corner-stone of which "The h andsome home of the Country the c afe and raised an alarm. was until lately religiously preserved. Club of Farmington caught fire early Part of the town,s supply of hose is In this ancient colonial mansion were yesterday morning, and is a total loss. kept at the "Elm Tree Inn" next east, born two of the children of Col. Gay, The kitchen and north piazza is all and a stream was soon turned on. . .. and all the children of his son Erastus, that is left. The main structure is The water supply proved ample, and and of his grandson Fisher. It was nothing but a shell, with everything three streams of water were used for Mr. Frastus Gay who planted along the burnable in it reduced to ashes. . .. a couple of hours, but they were not street lines the fine old maples, some It is thought that either the chimney of much avail, as the fire ran all over of which still survive. In front was became overheated or a spark got into the building, through the partitions, and a row of lindens which when measured as fast as apparently put out in one about the year 1850 had attained the place, would break out in another. .. . height of 93 feet. When built, the house That anything was saved was due to faced on a fine broad street which ran the energetic work of the villagers. . .. west to the north meadow gate and was the building and its contents were for many years unincumbent by stores worth in the neighborhood of $10,000.00. or churches. The road to Waterville and there is an insurance of about had not been cut through the ample ${,500.00. Practically nothing grounds, but ran along the eastern bank in t he building was saved." of the river. Xow within a few years The C ountry Club has been noted for all the surroundings are changed, the the quiet atmosphere of the place, and formal garden, the fruitful orchard, with its admirable cuisine has become the farm buildings, all have gone, every PROPERTY O E T111-: COUNTRY (LI B. known as one of the best dining clubs line of which comes back to memory a c revice by the fireplace in the cafe and in this part of the country. It is a as vividly as the familiar faces found caused the trouble. The fires them favorite place for entertainments, and a moment absent." selves were supposedly out at 10 :,?o many parties of ladies and gentlemen The H artford Daily Courant of May Saturday night. It was about four have nejoyed the hospitalities dispensed. 20, 1901 , notices the burning of the hours later that Thomas Lourie of There is an excellent golf course con clubhouse as follows : Unionville, passing by noticed flames in nected with the club property.

THE C QLONEL FUJIIER (JAY HOMESTEAD, 2I0 F ARMINGTON, CONNECTICUT,

OLD C OUNTRY CLUB HOUSE -AFTER THE F1RE.

NEW C OUNTRY CLUB HOUSE. THE V ILLAGE OF BEAUTIFUL HOMES. 2II

litwmtnll?.

It w as the original intention of the publishers to include a large part of this beautiful village, which is so close ly allied and associated with Farming- ton, in this publication, but the book has so far outgrown our original modest plans that we were obliged to stop with just an allusion, in the hope that our f1rst endeavor will meet with such approval that Unionville may claim a book all for her own beautiful homes and thriving industries in the near future.

Here n ature in its forest garb is at SHU-SHU-gAH. its primitive best. The Jossakeed of Cottage a t Nepahwin, in the Village of Unionville, Town of Farmington, the domain makes it a rule that nothing where the Jossakecd of Sicaog Tribe. Mr. George Ulrich, bides a akin to a garden vegetable or culti wee during the summer and fall. vated shrub will be allowed to invade the sacred precincts of Nepahwin. The M uskadasha drums in the thick et of Hemlocks. The Wawonaissa wails in the twilight from the alder copses. The Opeechee and Owaissa sing a matin song from the yellow birches when the Wabasso flits like a shadow. The n imble Adjidaumo jumps from chestnut to hickory, and the Kahgahgee builds his nest unmolested in the giant oak. The Scbowisha ripples to the still waters of the Gitche-gumee where skims the feathery Cheemaun while we seek the gamey Kenzoha or the rapa cious Sahwa in the pools or watch the Shingcbis in his flight. The trail leads to Koko-Koho, and from there to Shu-Shu-Gah, after skirting a Musko- day where wild flowers grow untram- meled we come to the pass Nagow Wudjoo where from the wide verandas of Pakwana one can watch the Mawa flight to Little Phillip beyond Avon to KOKO-KOHO. Weatogue. No pale face need fear the The H unters, Lodge in Nepahwin. Con structed from native trees. deadly Suggema in this altitude where repose is as natural and restful as the scenery is grand and beautiful.

Nepahwin, t he spirit of rest ; Jossa- kecl, prophet; Muskadsha, ruffled grouse : Wawonaissa, whippoorwill ; Opeechee, robin ; Owaissa, blue bird ; Wabasso, rabbit; Adjidaumo, squirrel; Kohaghgee, raven ; Scbowisha. brook ; Gitche-gumee, lake ; Cheemaun, canoe ; Kenozha, pickerel ; Sahwa, perch ; Shin gcbis, diver; Koko-Koho, owl; Shu- Shu-Gah, heron; Muskoday, meadow; Quaint a ncestral chest — called "Righteous John" dated 1794, of German de Nagow Wudjoo, sand hill; Pukwana, sign. The family name "Johannis Gereth" is oddly inscribed above smoke of peace ; Mawa, wild goose ; Sug- armorial bearings. gema, mosquito. FARMINGTON, C ONNECTICUT,

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This l ittle publication has no preface, but a few words in conclusion seem im perative. We have done the best that we could to make this work accurate and in teresting. There is not much doubt but that in spite of the great care that has been exercised, that mistakes ha\e occurred, and we crave the indulgence of our readers in this respect. If the work is a success, it is because of the help given to the publishers by the townspeople of Farmington. Instead of trying to re-write or write a new article upon most of the subjects treated, it has been thought wise to publish the best that has already been written about the various topics used. We feel that particular thanks are due from us, and through us, from the public at large, to Mr. Julius Gay, for so kindly allowing us to reprint his valuable and interesting articles while they are his torically correct to the minutest detail, they are at the same time treated in a style as fascinating as the most popular works of fiction. Without Mr. Gay's assistance, our little history would have been much less valuable. Farmington has a history that is intensely interesting, and will amply repay any study that may be given to it. We would like to devote much more space to the subject of Miss Porter's School, but the private nature of the institution has compelled us to treat it very briefly. Thanks are due, among many others, to Miss Catherine L. Deming, Mrs. Chauncey Deming, Rev. Quincy Blakely, Mrs. R. P. Keep. Postmaster F. L. Scott. John A. Skoglund, Town Clerk Charles Brandegee, Mrs. Timothy H. Root. Mr. J. B. Ryan, Mr. Wm. A. Hooker, Miss Julia S. Brandegee, Mr. and Mrs. Robert Brandegee, Mr. John Rtilly, Mr. A. R. Wadsworth and Mrs. Karl Klauser. In f act from the very commencement of our work in Farmington, everyone who has been requested, without a single exception, has aided us in our work, and our task has proved a most pleasing one. We b espeak a kind reception for "Farmington. Connecticut. The Village of Beauti ful Homes." PUBLISHERS. INDEX.

Page. OLD H OUSES IN FARMINGTON, By Mr. Julius Gay 7 FARMINGTON S CHOOLS, By E. X. S 3^ THELD O ACADEMY. By M. D. B 39 LEGEND O F WILL WARREN,S DEN, By R. B. B 42 THE C ONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. By The Rev. Quincy Blakely 45 TUNXIS S EPUS, By Mr. Julius day 51 MOREHEAI) L EDGE AND DIAMOND GLEX. By Chauncey Row 5^ THE W ATER LILIES. By R. B. B 54 THE M YTH OF THE BEND. By R. B. B 55 THE T UNXIS INDIANS, By Mr. Juiius Gay 57 NDFERNS A BIRDS OF FARMINGTON, By R. B. B 66 THELD O CEMETERV, By Mr. Julius Gay and E. S. .Y 69 FARMINGTON I N 1838, From Barbers Historical Collections 77 FARMINGTON W ORTHIES. From the Farmington Magazine 79 EARLY I NDUSTRIES OF FARMINGTON, By Mr. Julius Gay 97 ST. P ATRICK'S MISSION', By Rev. James H. O'Donnell 113 THE H ART JUG, By E. .V. X 114 FROMHE T DIARY OF A REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIER, From Magazine of A merican History 115 A U NIQUE COLLECTION, By IV. A. Hooker 117 FARMINGTON A ND THE UNDERGROUND RAILWAY, By E. II J 122 ST. J AMES' PARISH. By I/'. A. H 123 "BIRDSEYEVIEW" 1 24 THE F ARMINGTON CANAL, By Mr. Julius Gay 129 A T RUE STORY OF OLD TIMES IN FARMINGTON, By Ellen Strong Bartlett 1 45 OPENINGF O THE VILLAGE LIBRARY, By Mr. Julius Gay 150 MISS P ORTER, MRS. DOW, AND MISS COWLES. By R. B. B 160 A M USICIAN,S REMINTSENCES, By Eleanor H. Johnson 164 "MENDI"R O "AMISTAD" NEGROES, Compiled from Various Sources by '.E. A S 166 JAPANESE S TUDENTS, By S. L. Grumor 178 OLD S TORE ACCOUNTS. By E. .V. S 179 FARMINGTON W ATER WORKS, By A. R. II adsworth 181 PEACH R AISING 182 ND"ODD A EXD SHOP," "THE GRUNDY," By M. I). B 185 PRESIDENT R OOSEVELT'S VISIT TO FARMINGTON 187 MISS P ORTER,S SCHOOL 190 THE V ILLAGE SCHOOL, By Josephine Canning 195 "TRAINING D AY," By Mr. Julius Gay 198 THELM E TREE INN, By Hugh L. White 199 EXTRACTS F ROM SAMUEL RICHARD'S MANUSCRIPT HISTORY OF FARMINGTON 2 02 SOME B OROUGH OFFICIALS 206-207 THE C OUNTRY CLUB 268 UNIONVILLE A ND "NEPAHWIN" 211

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