DOCSLIB.ORG

The Silk Road , Vol. 8

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Silk Road , Vol. 8 ISSN 2152-7237 (print) ISSN 2153-2060 (online) The Silk Road Volume 8 2010 Contents From the Editor’s Desktop ................................................................... 3 Images from Ancient Iran: Selected Treasures from the National Museum in Tehran. A Photographic Essay ............................................................... 4 Ancient Uighur Mausolea Discovered in Mongolia, by Ayudai Ochir, Tserendorj Odbaatar, Batsuuri Ankhbayar and Lhagwasüren Erdenebold .......................................................................................... 16 The Hydraulic Systems in Turfan (Xinjiang), by Arnaud Bertrand ................................................................................. 27 New Evidence about Composite Bows and Their Arrows in Inner Asia, by Michaela R. Reisinger .......................................................................... 42 An Experiment in Studying the Felt Carpet from Noyon uul by the Method of Polypolarization, by V. E. Kulikov, E. Iu. Mednikova, Iu. I. Elikhina and Sergei S. Miniaev .................... 63 The Old Curiosity Shop in Khotan, by Daniel C. Waugh and Ursula Sims-Williams ................................................. 69 Nomads and Settlement: New Perspectives in the Archaeology of Mongolia, by Daniel C. Waugh ................................................................................ 97 (continued) “The Bridge between Eastern and Western Cultures” Book notices (except as noted, by Daniel C. Waugh) The University of Bonn’s Contributions to Asian Archaeology ................................ 125 John E. Hill. Through the Jade Gate to Rome .................................................. 127 Elfriede Regina Knauer. Coats, Queens, and Cormorants .................................... 128 Yuka Kadoi. Islamic Chinoiserie. The Art of Mongol Iran .................................... 130 Susan Whitfield, ed.La Route de la Soie ....................................................... 132 Johan Elverskog. Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road ..................................... 133 Khotan is Hot: Journal of Inner Asian Art and Archaeology 3 (2008); Bulletin of the Asia Institute 19 (2005 [2009]) .................................................................... 135 John Becker, in collaboration with Donald B. Wagner. Pattern and Loom (reviewed by Sandra Whitman) ............................................................ 137 Cover photo: Vaiśravana, detail of plaque acquired in Khotan by Clarmont Skrine in 1922. British Museum 1925,619.35. Reproduced with permission of the Trustees of the British Museum. Photo copyright © 2010 Daniel C. Waugh. The complete plaque is reproduced in Susan Whitfield and Ursula Sims-Williams, eds., The Silk Road: Trade, Travel, War and Faith. Chicago: Serindia, 2004, p. 160, no. 60, but misnumbered as 1925,619.25. The Silk Road is an annual publication of the Silkroad Foundation supplied in a limited print run to librar- ies. We cannot accept individual subscriptions. Each issue can be viewed and downloaded free of charge at: <http://www.silkroadfoundation.org/toc/newsletter.html>. The print version contains black and white illus- trations; the online version uses color. Otherwise the content is identical. Please feel free to contact us with any questions or contributions. Information regarding contributions and how to format them may be found on the website at <http://www.silkroadfoundation.org/newsletter/vol8/SilkRoadinstructionsforauthors.pdf>. The Silkroad Foundation Editor: Daniel C. Waugh 14510 Big Basin Way # 269 [email protected] Saratoga, CA 95070 © 2010 Silkroad Foundation © 2010 by authors of individual articles and holders of copyright, as specified, to individual images. 2 From the editor’s desktop This volume inaugurates the appearance of The Silk Road as an annual publication, instead of semi-annually as previously. Most of our contributors are appearing in the journal for the first time. Some are well published scholars; others at the beginning of what one may hope will be long and fruitful academic careers. As always, I learned a great deal from working with our authors. If it may seen that the editor is exercising undue privilege in contributing more than one piece this time, that indulgence has been undertaken in one instance as a collaborative venture with a lead- ing specialist and in the other only after having received substantial input from scholars who read the article in advance and encouraged its publication. I have as well decided to inaugurate here a photo essay series featuring important objects of ma- terial culture and art displayed in museums along the “Silk Roads” which I have been privileged to visit, some of them off the map of most tourist itineraries. In many cases these days, of course, museums themselves have developed extensive websites and are putting their collections on-line. Others have yet to do so. These photo essays (best viewed in color in the pdf version of the jour- nal) are but a sampling of a much more extensive collection of photographs which is incrementally being posted to “Silk Road Seattle” (http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/) as part of its effort to make the arts of the Silk Road more readily available for teaching and study purposes. As in several previous instances, this volume of the journal happens to have a fairly heavy con- centration of material about Mongolia. Readers should keep in mind though that our perspective remains a broad one both geographically and chronologically. To date Western Asia has been under-represented here, something that we may hope to remedy in the future. As one who has recently returned from a month in Iran and is expecting to spend additional time in the Middle East this year, I am developing an ever greater appreciation for the idea that the Silk Roads are much more than the routes of exchange affecting East and Central Asia. The only way the journal can continue to be a success and maintain a broad perspective is by receiving good submissions for future issues. While our target audience is still a general one, the journal welcomes a range of contributions. We expect to continue to publish work by established specialists, but also welcome work by others who can contribute carefully crafted articles of gener- al interest. New discoveries, of course, are most welcome, but good summaries of existing knowl- edge may have their place too. As I write these lines, next year’s volume of the journal is still wide open for contributions, which should be in my hands no later than the beginning of summer 2011. We can offer the advantage of a generally short turn-around time between submission and pub- lication, unlike the case of academic journals and edited volumes where a year or two (or even much longer) is the norm. I am happy to help authors for whom writing in English is a challenge, although I will not translate articles (Russian being an exception) which have been written in other languages. If you have questions about submissions, send them to the editor; also look at the new guidelines which have been posted to the Silkroad Foundation’s website at the URL listed on the previous page. — Daniel C. Waugh [email protected] 3 Featured museum Images from Ancient Iran: Selected Treasures from the National Museum in Tehran Audience hall scene depicting Darius I or Xerxes I, Treasury Palace, Persepolis. 5th century BCE A photographic essay All photographs copyright © 2010 Daniel C. Waugh 4 Footed pottery vessel. Shahr- e Soukhteh - Sistan. Late 3rd millennium BCE Ceramic charioteer. Amarlu - Gilan. 1st millennium BCE 5 Bronze quiver. Sorkh dom - Luristan. 800-700 BCE 6 Gold goblet with winged bulls. Marlik - Gilan. Early 1st millennium BCE 7 Lapis lazuli vessel encrusted with gold. Hasanlu - West Azerbaijan. Early 1st millennium BCE. Gold earrings. Pasargad - Fars. Achaemenid period. 8 Statue of Darius I, with inscription on base in Egyptian hieroglyphs. Found at Susa. 6th-5th century BCE. 9 Silver foundation tablet of Darius I with inscription in Old Persian, Elamite and Babylonian cuneiform. Persepolis - Fars. 10 Gold rhyton. Hamedan. Achaemenid period. 11 The upper part of a stone capital from Persepolis. 5th century BCE. 12 Bronze statue of Parthian prince. Shami - (Izeh) Khuzistan. Zeus. Nahavand - Hamedan. Seleucid period. 13 Floor mosaic (fragment). Shapur’s palace, Bishapur - Fars. 3rd (?) century CE. 14 Stucco bust. Hajiabad - Fars. Sasanian. Silver bowl (detail). Klardasht - Mazandaran. Sasanian. 15 Ancient UighUr MAUsoleA DiscovereD in MongoliA Ayudai Ochir Tserendorj Odbaatar Batsuuri Ankhbayar Lhagwasüren Erdenebold Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia he modern nation of Mongolia, located between Russian Siberia and China, is T mostly wide-open steppes — an area where animal husbandry, hunting, and a no- Fig. 1. Location of durvuljin. madic lifestyle have been optimal for thousands of years. Dynamic competition for pasture and 3000 km in Mongolia and visited hundreds of conquests by different groups led to the es- archaeological sites in order to introduce them tablishment of many powerful steppe empires: to the Chinese scholars and select the ones to the Xiongnu (3rd century BCE – 1st century CE), investigate for the next five years. This survey Turkish (552 – 745 CE), Uighur (744 – 840), of sites from all periods is now published in Mon- Khitan (Liao, 9th – 11th centuries CE) and Mongol golian and Chinese (Enkhtuvshin et al. 2008a). Empires (12th – 14th centuries) succeeded one After the survey, we chose to investigate sites
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Rebirth of the Great Silk Road: Myth Or Substance?
    Conflict Studies Research Centre S41 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 3-5 “THE ANCIENT SILK ROAD” 6-9 TRACECA – THE MODERN SILK ROAD 10-25 Concept of the TRACECA Project 10 The TRACECA Route 11 TRACECA and the Establishment of Transport Corridors 13 First European Transport Conference – Prague 1991 13 Second European Transport Conference – Crete 1994 14 Third European Transport Conference – Helsinki 1995 14 St Petersburg Transport Conference – May 1998 15 Significance of European Transport Conferences in Russia 15 TRACECA Conference 7/8 September 1998 15 Russian Grievances 16 Underlying Factors in Economic Development 19 Natural Resources 21 Trans-Caspian Transport Trends and Developments 22 Creation of a Permanent Secretariat in Baku 22 Increase in Number of Ferries in the Caspian 22 Railway Developments and Proposals 24 Position of Russia, Iran and Armenia in Caucasus-Caspian Region 24 RUSSIAN CONCEPT OF A SUPER MAGISTRAL 26-28 The Baritko Proposal 26 THE PROBLEMS OF THE SUPER MAGISTRAL 29-35 The Problem of Siberia 29 Ravages of Climate compounded by Neglect 29 Financial and Strategic Contexts 30 Problems concerning the Baykal-Amur Magistral 33 CONCLUSIONS 36-38 TRACECA 36 European-Trans-Siberian Trunk Routes 37 APPENDIX 39-41 Text of Baku Declaration of 8 September 1998 1 S41 Tables Table 1 – Euro-Asiatic Trans-Continental Railway Trunk Routes Table 2 – TRACECA – The Modern Silk Road Table 3 – Three Transport Corridors Crossing into and over Russian Territory Table 4 – Trade Flows in the Transcaucasus Table 5 – Kazakhstan’s Railway Development
    [Show full text]
  • Mission and Revolution in Central Asia
    Mission and Revolution in Central Asia The MCCS Mission Work in Eastern Turkestan 1892-1938 by John Hultvall A translation by Birgitta Åhman into English of the original book, Mission och revolution i Centralasien, published by Gummessons, Stockholm, 1981, in the series STUDIA MISSIONALIA UPSALIENSIA XXXV. TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword by Ambassador Gunnar Jarring Preface by the author I. Eastern Turkestan – An Isolated Country and Yet a Meeting Place 1. A Geographical Survey 2. Different Ethnic Groups 3. Scenes from Everyday Life 4. A Brief Historical Survey 5. Religious Concepts among the Chinese Rulers 6. The Religion of the Masses 7. Eastern Turkestan Church History II. Exploring the Mission Field 1892 -1900. From N. F. Höijer to the Boxer Uprising 1. An Un-known Mission Field 2. Pioneers 3. Diffident Missionary Endeavours 4. Sven Hedin – a Critic and a Friend 5. Real Adversities III. The Foundation 1901 – 1912. From the Boxer Uprising to the Birth of the Republic. 1. New Missionaries Keep Coming to the Field in a Constant Stream 2. Mission Medical Care is Organized 3. The Chinese Branch of the Mission Develops 4. The Bible Dispute 5. Starting Children’s Homes 6. The Republican Frenzy Reaches Kashgar 7. The Results of the Founding Years IV. Stabilization 1912 – 1923. From Sjöholm’s Inspection Tour to the First Persecution. 1. The Inspection of 1913 2. The Eastern Turkestan Conference 3. The Schools – an Attempt to Reach Young People 4. The Literary Work Transgressing all Frontiers 5. The Church is Taking Roots 6. The First World War – Seen from a Distance 7.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Epidemiology of Rabies in Iran
    Aus dem Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut eingereicht über den Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin der Freien Universität Berlin Spatial Epidemiology of Rabies in Iran Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Veterinärmedizin an der Freien Universität Berlin vorgelegt von Rouzbeh Bashar Tierarzt aus Teheran, Iran Berlin 2019 Journal-Nr.: 4015 'ĞĚƌƵĐŬƚŵŝƚ'ĞŶĞŚŵŝŐƵŶŐĚĞƐ&ĂĐŚďĞƌĞŝĐŚƐsĞƚĞƌŝŶćƌŵĞĚŝnjŝŶ ĚĞƌ&ƌĞŝĞŶhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚćƚĞƌůŝŶ ĞŬĂŶ͗ hŶŝǀ͘ͲWƌŽĨ͘ƌ͘:ƺƌŐĞŶĞŶƚĞŬ ƌƐƚĞƌ'ƵƚĂĐŚƚĞƌ͗ WƌŽĨ͘ƌ͘&ƌĂŶnj:͘ŽŶƌĂƚŚƐ ǁĞŝƚĞƌ'ƵƚĂĐŚƚĞƌ͗ hŶŝǀ͘ͲWƌŽĨ͘ƌ͘DĂƌĐƵƐŽŚĞƌƌ ƌŝƚƚĞƌ'ƵƚĂĐŚƚĞƌ͗ Wƌ͘<ĞƌƐƚŝŶŽƌĐŚĞƌƐ ĞƐŬƌŝƉƚŽƌĞŶ;ŶĂĐŚͲdŚĞƐĂƵƌƵƐͿ͗ ZĂďŝĞƐ͕DĂŶ͕ŶŝŵĂůƐ͕ŽŐƐ͕ƉŝĚĞŵŝŽůŽŐLJ͕ƌĂŝŶ͕/ŵŵƵŶŽĨůƵŽƌĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ͕/ƌĂŶ dĂŐĚĞƌWƌŽŵŽƚŝŽŶ͗Ϯϴ͘Ϭϯ͘ϮϬϭϵ ŝďůŝŽŐƌĂĨŝƐĐŚĞ/ŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶĚĞƌĞƵƚƐĐŚĞŶEĂƚŝŽŶĂůďŝďůŝŽƚŚĞŬ ŝĞĞƵƚƐĐŚĞEĂƚŝŽŶĂůďŝďůŝŽƚŚĞŬǀĞƌnjĞŝĐŚŶĞƚĚŝĞƐĞWƵďůŝŬĂƚŝŽŶŝŶĚĞƌĞƵƚƐĐŚĞŶEĂƚŝŽŶĂůďŝͲ ďůŝŽŐƌĂĨŝĞ͖ ĚĞƚĂŝůůŝĞƌƚĞ ďŝďůŝŽŐƌĂĨŝƐĐŚĞ ĂƚĞŶ ƐŝŶĚ ŝŵ /ŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ƺďĞƌ фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚŶď͘ĚĞх ĂďƌƵĨďĂƌ͘ /^E͗ϵϳϴͲϯͲϴϲϯϴϳͲϵϳϮͲϯ ƵŐů͗͘ĞƌůŝŶ͕&ƌĞŝĞhŶŝǀ͕͘ŝƐƐ͕͘ϮϬϭϵ ŝƐƐĞƌƚĂƚŝŽŶ͕&ƌĞŝĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚćƚĞƌůŝŶ ϭϴϴ ŝĞƐĞƐtĞƌŬŝƐƚƵƌŚĞďĞƌƌĞĐŚƚůŝĐŚŐĞƐĐŚƺƚnjƚ͘ ůůĞ ZĞĐŚƚĞ͕ ĂƵĐŚ ĚŝĞ ĚĞƌ mďĞƌƐĞƚnjƵŶŐ͕ ĚĞƐ EĂĐŚĚƌƵĐŬĞƐ ƵŶĚ ĚĞƌ sĞƌǀŝĞůĨćůƚŝŐƵŶŐ ĚĞƐ ƵĐŚĞƐ͕ ŽĚĞƌ dĞŝůĞŶ ĚĂƌĂƵƐ͕ǀŽƌďĞŚĂůƚĞŶ͘<ĞŝŶdĞŝůĚĞƐtĞƌŬĞƐĚĂƌĨŽŚŶĞƐĐŚƌŝĨƚůŝĐŚĞ'ĞŶĞŚŵŝŐƵŶŐĚĞƐsĞƌůĂŐĞƐŝŶŝƌŐĞŶĚĞŝŶĞƌ&Žƌŵ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĞƌƚŽĚĞƌƵŶƚĞƌsĞƌǁĞŶĚƵŶŐĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝƐĐŚĞƌ^LJƐƚĞŵĞǀĞƌĂƌďĞŝƚĞƚ͕ǀĞƌǀŝĞůĨćůƚŝŐƚŽĚĞƌǀĞƌďƌĞŝƚĞƚǁĞƌĚĞŶ͘ ŝĞ tŝĞĚĞƌŐĂďĞ ǀŽŶ 'ĞďƌĂƵĐŚƐŶĂŵĞŶ͕ tĂƌĞŶďĞnjĞŝĐŚŶƵŶŐĞŶ͕ ƵƐǁ͘ ŝŶ ĚŝĞƐĞŵ tĞƌŬ ďĞƌĞĐŚƚŝŐƚ ĂƵĐŚ ŽŚŶĞ ďĞƐŽŶĚĞƌĞ <ĞŶŶnjĞŝĐŚŶƵŶŐ ŶŝĐŚƚ njƵ ĚĞƌ ŶŶĂŚŵĞ͕ ĚĂƐƐ ƐŽůĐŚĞ EĂŵĞŶ ŝŵ ^ŝŶŶĞ ĚĞƌ tĂƌĞŶnjĞŝĐŚĞŶͲ
    [Show full text]
  • BILLING CODE 3510-33-P DEPARTMENT of COMMERCE Bureau of Industry and Security 15 CFR Part 744 [Docket No. 210617-0134] RIN 0694
    This document is scheduled to be published in the Federal Register on 06/24/2021 and available online at BILLING CODE 3510-33-P federalregister.gov/d/2021-13395, and on govinfo.gov DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Bureau of Industry and Security 15 CFR Part 744 [Docket No. 210617-0134] RIN 0694-AI56 Addition of Certain Entities to the Entity List AGENCY: Bureau of Industry and Security, Commerce ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This final rule amends the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) by adding five entities to the Entity List. These five entities have been determined by the United States Government to be acting contrary to the foreign policy interests of the United States and will be listed on the Entity List under the destination of the People’s Republic of China (China). DATE: This rule is effective [INSERT DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER]. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Chair, End-User Review Committee, Office of the Assistant Secretary, Export Administration, Bureau of Industry and Security, Department of Commerce, Phone: (202) 482-5991, Email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background The Entity List (supplement no. 4 to part 744 of the EAR) identifies entities reasonably believed to be involved in, or to pose a significant risk of being or becoming involved in, activities contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States. The Export Administration Regulations (EAR) (15 CFR parts 730-774) impose additional license requirements on, and limit the availability of most license exceptions for, exports, reexports, and transfers (in country) to listed entities. The license review policy for each listed entity is identified in the “License review policy” column on the Entity List, and the impact on the availability of license exceptions is described in the relevant Federal Register document adding entities to the Entity List.
    [Show full text]
  • Middlemen and Marcher States in Central Asia and East/West Empire Synchrony Christopher Chase-Dunn, Thomas D
    Middlemen and marcher states in Central Asia and East/West Empire Synchrony Christopher Chase-Dunn, Thomas D. Hall, Richard Niemeyer, Alexis Alvarez, Hiroko Inoue, Kirk Lawrence, Anders Carlson, Benjamin Fierro, Matthew Kanashiro, Hala Sheikh-Mohamed and Laura Young Institute for Research on World-Systems University of California-Riverside Draft v.11 -1-06, 8365 words Abstract: East, West, Central and South Asia originally formed somewhat separate cultural zones and networks of interaction among settlements and polities, but during the late Bronze and early Iron Ages these largely separate regional systems came into increasing interaction with one another. Central Asian nomadic steppe pastoralist polities and agricultural oasis settlements mediated the East/West and North/South interactions. Earlier research has discovered that the growth/decline phases of empires in East and West Asia became synchronous around 140 BCE and that this synchrony lasted until about 1800 CE. This paper develops the comparative world-systems perspective on Central Asia and examines the growth and decline of settlements, empires and steppe confederations in Central Asia to test the hypothesis that the East/West empire synchrony may have been caused by linkages that occurred with and across Central Asia. To be presented at the Research Conference on Middlemen Co-sponsored by the All-UC Economic History and All-UC World History Groups, November 3-5, 2006, UCSD IROWS Working Paper #30. http://irows.ucr.edu/papers/irows30/irows30.htm This paper is part of a larger research project on “Measuring and modeling cycles of state formation, decline and upward sweeps since the Bronze Age” NSF-SES 057720 http://irows.ucr.edu/research/citemp/citemp.html Earlier research has demonstrated a curious East/West synchrony from 140 BCE to 1800 CE.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Research of Tuva
    НОВЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ТУВЫ THE NEW RESEARCH OF TUVA www.nit.tuva.asia №1 2021 Novye issledovaniia Tuvy DOI: 10.25178/nit.2021.1.5 Article The Scythian Stag in Contemporary Arts and Craft: Tuva and Abroad Katherine Zeahan Leung Independent scholar, USA The article examines the interest in Scythian imagery and motifs in contemporary arts and crafts, both in Tuva and outside Russia, on a surge after the excavation of Arzhan II burial site. As proved by numerous references, the most popular of the Arzhan II finds was the stylized image of the Scythian stag on a golden hair pin. It has since appeared on the photo taken by Russian photographer Andrei Bronnikov, whose main subject is jewelry. Tattoo artists in English-speaking regions have seen an uptick in customers requesting Scythian stag tattoo designs, due in large part to the discovery of the popularly dubbed “Ukok Princess” and increase in interest in prehistoric fantasy media. Russian-speaking fashion designers redefine textile and ornament in the twenty-first century, influenced by the golden accents of the looped stag in their work, at times inventing an embellished narrative of the past. Folk crafters have created costume and jewelry designs for a different world they wish to inhabit, even creating alter-egos and stories that accompany Scythian-inspired pieces. Finally, within Tuva, wood carving continues thanks to trailblazers that promote folk handicrafts through education and archival work. Artists around the world are fascinated by this unique relic of the past and employ the symbol in romantic imaginings of their past and present.
    [Show full text]
  • Sports and Physical Education in China
    Sport and Physical Education in China Sport and Physical Education in China contains a unique mix of material written by both native Chinese and Western scholars. Contributors have been carefully selected for their knowledge and worldwide reputation within the field, to provide the reader with a clear and broad understanding of sport and PE from the historical and contemporary perspectives which are specific to China. Topics covered include: ancient and modern history; structure, administration and finance; physical education in schools and colleges; sport for all; elite sport; sports science & medicine; and gender issues. Each chapter has a summary and a set of inspiring discussion topics. Students taking comparative sport and PE, history of sport and PE, and politics of sport courses will find this book an essential addition to their library. James Riordan is Professor and Head of the Department of Linguistic and International Studies at the University of Surrey. Robin Jones is a Lecturer in the Department of PE, Sports Science and Recreation Management, Loughborough University. Other titles available from E & FN Spon include: Sport and Physical Education in Germany ISCPES Book Series Edited by Ken Hardman and Roland Naul Ethics and Sport Mike McNamee and Jim Parry Politics, Policy and Practice in Physical Education Dawn Penney and John Evans Sociology of Leisure A reader Chas Critcher, Peter Bramham and Alan Tomlinson Sport and International Politics Edited by Pierre Arnaud and James Riordan The International Politics of Sport in the 20th Century Edited by James Riordan and Robin Jones Understanding Sport An introduction to the sociological and cultural analysis of sport John Home, Gary Whannel and Alan Tomlinson Journals: Journal of Sports Sciences Edited by Professor Roger Bartlett Leisure Studies The Journal of the Leisure Studies Association Edited by Dr Mike Stabler For more information about these and other titles published by E& FN Spon, please contact: The Marketing Department, E & FN Spon, 11 New Fetter Lane, London, EC4P 4EE.
    [Show full text]
  • Prevalence, Risk Factors and Symptoms Associated to Intestinal Parasite Infections Among Patients with Gastrointestinal Disorders in Nahavand, Western Iran
    Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo 2016;58:42 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946201658042 ORIGINAL ARTICLE PREVALENCE, RISK FACTORS AND SYMPTOMS ASSOCIATED TO INTESTINAL PARASITE INFECTIONS AMONG PATIENTS WITH GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS IN NAHAVAND, WESTERN IRAN Hamed KIANI(1,2), Ali HAGHIGHI(1), Ali ROSTAMI(1), Eznollah AZARGASHB(2,3), Seyyed Javad SEYYED TABAEI(1), Abbas SOLGI(4) & Nozhat ZEBARDAST(1) SUMMARY We studied the prevalence of intestinal parasites (IPs), their risk factors and associated symptoms among patients with gastrointestinal disorders. A total of 1,301 participants aged 22 days-90 years were enrolled in this study. We used a structured questionnaire to obtain socio-demographic and stool examination to investigate intestinal parasite infections. Data analysis was performed using SPSS16. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites (IPs) was 32.2% (419/1,301). Three hundred and fifty nine cases/1,301 (27.6%) were infected with a single parasite and 60/1,301 cases (4.6%) presented polyparasitism. The most common IP was Blastocystis sp. 350/1,301 (26.9%), followed by Entamoeba coli 38/1,301 (2.92%), Giardia lamblia 30/1,301 (2.3%) and Cryptosporidium spp. 17/1,301 (1.3%). Regarding the socio-demographic variables, educational status (p = 0.001), contact with domestic animals and soil (p = 0.02), age above 15 years (p = 0.001) and seasons (p = 0.001) were significantly associated to intestinal parasitic infections. Concerning clinical characteristics, the presence of IPs was significantly associated to diarrhea (OR = 1.57; CI 95% = 1.24-1.98; p < 0.001) and dysentery (OR = 1.94; CI 95% = 1.03-3.66; p < 0.04).
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article (PDF)
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 205 The 2nd International Conference on Culture, Education and Economic Development of Modern Society (ICCESE 2018) Study on the Feasibility of Setting up Archery in Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University Li Li Department of Physical Education Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University Shaanxi, China Abstract—This article uses the literature review method and the survey and interview method. The author analyzes the II. RESEARCH METHODS feasibility of setting up the course of traditional Chinese China is one of the earliest countries in the world to archery in colleges and universities. Finally, it has made the invent bow and arrow. In the long course of history, there are conclusion. And in his opinion, "archery" can effectively 120 works related to "shooting art". These historical sites are promote the harmonious development of college students' body rich in content. The historical values and cultural values are and mind. In the university, the archery field, equipment, extremely high. And they are precious national and cultural teachers, safety and other things can meet the relevant requirements. Therefore, it can also build a reasonable, heritage. Since ancient times, shooting art focuses on the scientific and diversified evaluation system of archery course. combination of self-cultivation and inner perception. The so- This is not only the rejuvenation of traditional competitive called "Qing Qiantang" and "Li Qiguan" are the fusion of the sports, but also the inheritance of the historical humanistic "hearts". The famous ideologist and founder Li Yanxue has spirit. the works of "Book of Rites", "Justice", "Record", "The road of love" and so on.
    [Show full text]
  • Ebook Download News from Tartary Kindle
    NEWS FROM TARTARY PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Peter Fleming | 424 pages | 28 Oct 2014 | I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd | 9781780765037 | English | London, United Kingdom News from Tartary PDF Book Based on incisive research and written with verve and insight, this new paperback edition of Ian Fleming's Commandos brings to life a long- obscured chapter of World War II and reveals the inspiration behind Fleming's famous fiction. News from Tartary describes a phenomenally successful attempt that legendary adventurer Peter Fleming made to travel overland from Peking to Kashmir. Added to basket This item has been added to your basket. First name:. J Agric Food Chem ; 48 : — A wondrously imagined tale of two female botanists, separated by more than a century, in a race to discover a life-saving flower. Sign-in or Register Basket: 0 View Basket. Cytotoxicity of abnormal Savda Munziq aqueous extract in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. In autumn , 'Fleming once again set off for the Far East with a far-ranging commission from The Times. Identified molecules can then be further developed as medicinal products or pharmaceutical medicines e. Your Basket There is nothing in your basket. When Women Pray Hardcover T. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med ; : pii: Seller Inventory B Skip to main content. The return of t… More. First American Edition. Published by London : Jonathan Cape Written in English — pages. About this Item: Jonathan Cape, Cape in English. Shelve Wolf Country. Includes index. News from Tartary: A Journey from Peking to Kashmir is a travel book by Peter Fleming , describing his journey through time and the political situation of Turkestan historically known as Tartary.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sui Dynasty and the Western Regions
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 247 April, 2014 The Sui Dynasty and the Western Regions by Yu Taishan Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino- Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form. We do, however, strongly recommend that prospective authors consult our style guidelines at www.sino-platonic.org/stylesheet.doc.
    [Show full text]
  • Buddhist Adoption in Asia, Mahayana Buddhism First Entered China
    Buddhist adoption in Asia, Mahayana Buddhism first entered China through Silk Road. Blue-eyed Central Asian monk teaching East-Asian monk. A fresco from the Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves, dated to the 9th century; although Albert von Le Coq (1913) assumed the blue-eyed, red-haired monk was a Tocharian,[1] modern scholarship has identified similar Caucasian figures of the same cave temple (No. 9) as ethnic Sogdians,[2] an Eastern Iranian people who inhabited Turfan as an ethnic minority community during the phases of Tang Chinese (7th- 8th century) and Uyghur rule (9th-13th century).[3] Buddhism entered Han China via the Silk Road, beginning in the 1st or 2nd century CE.[4][5] The first documented translation efforts by Buddhist monks in China (all foreigners) were in the 2nd century CE under the influence of the expansion of the Kushan Empire into the Chinese territory of the Tarim Basin under Kanishka.[6][7] These contacts brought Gandharan Buddhist culture into territories adjacent to China proper. Direct contact between Central Asian and Chinese Buddhism continued throughout the 3rd to 7th century, well into the Tang period. From the 4th century onward, with Faxian's pilgrimage to India (395–414), and later Xuanzang (629–644), Chinese pilgrims started to travel by themselves to northern India, their source of Buddhism, in order to get improved access to original scriptures. Much of the land route connecting northern India (mainly Gandhara) with China at that time was ruled by the Kushan Empire, and later the Hephthalite Empire. The Indian form of Buddhist tantra (Vajrayana) reached China in the 7th century.
    [Show full text]