Civil/Architecture 2020
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Dam 1 a Dam Is a Barrier That Impounds Water Or Underground Streams. Dams Generally Serve the Primary Purpose of Retaining Water
Dam 1 Dam A dam is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees (also known as dikes) are used to manage or prevent water flow into specific land regions. Hydropower and pumped-storage hydroelectricity are often used in conjunction with dams to generate electricity. A dam can also be used to collect water or for storage of water which can be evenly distributed between locations. Hoover Dam, a concrete arch-gravity dam in Black Canyon of the Colorado River. Lake Mead in the background is impounded by the dam. Glen Canyon Dam Dam 2 A sideview of the Lake Vyrnwy dam, in Wales, finished in 1888 History The word dam can be traced back to Middle English,[1] and before that, from Middle Dutch, as seen in the names of many old cities.[2] Early dam building took place in Mesopotamia and the Middle East. Dams were used to control the water level, for Mesopotamia's weather affected the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and could be quite unpredictable. The earliest known dam is the Jawa Dam in Jordan, 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of the capital Amman. This gravity dam featured an originally 9 m (30 ft) high and The Roman dam at Cornalvo in Spain has been in use for almost two millennia. 1 m (3 ft 3 in) wide stone wall, supported by a 50 m (160 ft) wide earth rampart. The structure is dated to 3000 BC.[3][4] The Ancient Egyptian Sadd-el-Kafara Dam at Wadi Al-Garawi, located about 25 km (16 mi) south of Cairo, was 102 m (335 ft) long at its base and 87 m (285 ft) wide. -
Roman Water Supply System. New Approach
© Isaac Moreno Gallo http://www.traianvs.net/ _______________________________________________________________________________ ROMAN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS New Approach Paper presented in DE AQUAEDUCTU ATQUE AQUA URBIUM LYCIAE PAMPHYLIAE PISIDIAE The Legacy of Sextus Julius Frontinus Antalya (Turkey), November 2014 Isaac Moreno Gallo © 2015 TRAIANVS © 2015 Content Abstract ......................................................................................................................... 1 Meeting water demand .................................................................................................. 2 Water used for notoriety purposes ................................................................................. 5 Water usage ................................................................................................................... 7 Supply of drinking water................................................................................................ 9 Known dams: Typology and construction .................................................................... 16 Dams which are clearly Roman ................................................................................ 17 Large dams which cannot be attributed to a particular period or without a Roman typology. .................................................................................................................. 24 Poorly engineered dams ........................................................................................... 29 Transporting water ..................................................................................................... -
DAMS from the BEGINNING by Robert B
DAMS FROM THE BEGINNING By Robert B. Jansen 1 Introduction The engineering of dams is a vital part of the story of civilization. Reservoirs for water supply were undoubtedly among the earliest structures devised by mankind. The role that dams have played over the ages is documented in many records of ancient lands. Dams have been linked closely to the rise and decline of civilizations, especially to those cultures highly dependent upon irrigation. Dams have served people for at least 5,000 years, as evidenced in the cradles of civilization, in Babylonia, Egypt, India, Persia, and the Far East. The remains of these ancient structures exist in both the old and the new worlds, marking the attainments of societies which have long since died. Many of the outstanding waterworks of antiquity eventually declined into disuse because the knowledge of their designers and builders was not preserved by the generations who inherited them. And without water the civilizations which it had supported faded away. History does not record exactly when irrigation systems and dams were first constructed. Study of ancient China, India, Iran, and Egypt does reveal that such work in these lands was begun thousands of years ago, and provided lifelines on which their civilizations depended. Menes, the first Pharaoh of Egypt, ordered irrigation works to draw from the River Nile. In China, construction of impressive dams was accomplished on the Min River for flood control and diversion of water to nearby farm lands. The sacred books of India cite the very early operation of dams, channels, and wells; evidence that this land may have been the birthplace of the art. -
Masonry Dams – Analysis of the Historical Profiles of Sazilly
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM MASONRY DAMS – ANALYSIS OF THE HISTORICAL PROFILES OF SAZILLY, DELOCRE AND RANKINE E.M. Bretas, J.V. Lemos, P.B. Lourenço Eduardo M. Bretas, email: [email protected], Universidade do Minho, Departamento de Engenharia Civil, P-4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal, Tel: +351 218443000, Fax: +351 218443011 José V. Lemos, email: [email protected], Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Departamento de Barragens de Betão, Av. do Brasil, 101, 1700-066 Lisboa, Portugal, Tel: +351 218443000, FAX: +351 218443011 Paulo B. Lourenço, email: [email protected], Universidade do Minho, Departamento de Engenharia Civil, P-4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal, Tel: +351 253510200, Fax: +351 253510217 Abstract The significant advances in masonry dam design that took place in the second half of the 19th century are analyzed and discussed within the context of the historical development of dam construction. Particular reference is made to the gravity dam profiles proposed by Sazilly, Delocre and Rankine, who pioneered the application of engineering concepts to dam design, basing the dam profile on the allowable stresses for the conditions of empty and full reservoir. These historical profiles are analyzed taking into consideration the present safety assessment procedures, by means of a numerical application developed for this purpose, based on limit analysis equilibrium methods, which considers the sliding failure mechanisms, the most critical for these structures. The study underlines the key role of uplift pressures, which was only addressed by Lévy after the accident of Bouzey dam, and provides a critical MASONRY DAMS – ANALYSIS OF THE HISTORICAL PROFILES understanding of the original design concepts, which is essential for the rehabilitation of these historical structures. -
D I S. S E R T a T 1 0 N Making the Sahara Desert Green Sustainable
Die approbierte Originalversion dieser Dissertation ist in der Hauptbibliothek der Technischen Universität Wien aufgestellt und zugänglich. TECHNISCHE http://www.ub.tuwien.ac.at UNIVERSITÄT The approved original version of this thesis is available at the main library of the Vienna WIEN University of Technology. http://www.ub.tuwien.ac.at/eng D I S. S E R T A T 1 0 N Making the Sahara Desert Green Sustainable transport of bottom lake sediments via pipelines to produce new agriculture land from desert ausgeführt zum Zwecke der Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Doktorin der Technischen Wissenschaften und Wirtschaftswissenschaften Architektur/Raumplanung und Raumordnung unter der Leitung von Ao. Univ. Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. techn. Georg Hauger Department für Raumentwicklung, Infrastruktur und Umweltplanung Fachbereich Verkehrssystemplanung E280/5 Begutachtung durch Priv. Doz. DI Dr. Hans Peter Rauch Prof. Dr. Reda Ragab Mohamed Shahin eingereicht an der Technischen Universität Wien Fakultät für Architektur und Raumplanung von Dipl. Eng.Arch. Vesela Tanaskovic Matrikelnummer: 1129327 Wallrissstrasse 68/33 1180 Vienna Wien, am ·g_ Dec 2018 � - ------- Abstract In a world which will be home to 9 billion people by the middle of this century, it will undoubtedly be a substantial challenge for humanity to produce enough food and other vital resources. Today there are tens of millions of hungry living in Africa. These people are missing not just food and potable water but also tap water, sewage, electricity, jobs and other living amenities. This research focused on addressing these issues. One of the main problems identified for the mid-21st century will be the availability of fresh water. -
Dams from the Roman Era in Spain. Analysis of Design Forms
Proceedings of the First International Congress on Construction History, Madrid, 20th-24th January 2003, ed. S. Huerta, Madrid: I. Juan de Herrera, SEdHC, ETSAM, A. E. Benvenuto, COAM, F. Dragados, 2003. Dams from the Roman era in Spain. Analysis of design forms Miguel Arenillas Juan C. Castillo A recent academic study undertaken by the authors' LOCATION AND EMPLACEMENT OF ROMAN DAMS IN (Castillo 2002; Castillo y Arenillas 2000) has SPAIN enabled the identification of remains of and references to seventy-two dams from the Roman era, Most of the dams built in Spain by the Romans -and constructed in Spain between the first and fourth particularly the largest ones- can be gathered eenturies.2 Fifty of them have been loeated and together in three main areas: the basin of the river detailed. The twenty-two outstanding, aJthough Ebro, espeeially the right bank, whose foeus may be identified on the ground, have not been able to be loeated in Zaragoza (Caesaraugusta); the area of aeeeptably eharaeterized, due in some cases to their Mérida (Augusta Emerita) along the basin of the river being ruins in a highly degraded state, others due to Guadiana, and the left bank of the river Tajo in some their being masked by repairs and reeonstruetions points near Toledo (Toletum). The natural regulation subsequent to the Roman era. A list of the properly of the rivers flowing in these sections of the Spanish eharaeterized dams is encIosed in the Appendix at mainland is low or very low, basieally as a the end of this paper, where reservoir dams are consequenee of the unequal distribution of annual ilIustrated on the one hand (21) and diversion weirs precipitation (Arenillas 2000); these cIimatie on the other (29). -
Page Protected with Pending Changes Level 1 Dam from Wikipedia, the Free from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Encyclopedia Chan
Page protected with pending changes level 1 Dam From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Changes must be reviewed before being displayed on this page. This article is about structures for water impoundment. For other uses, see Dam (disambiguation). Glen Canyon Dam A sideview of the Lake Vyrnwy dam, in Wales, finishfinisheded in 1888 Karapuzha Dam, an earth dam in the Indian state of Kerala A dam is a barrier that impounds water or undergrouundergroundnd streams. The reservoirsreservoirs cr eated by dams not only suppress floods but provide water for various needs to in y.clude Hydropower irrigation, is often human used consumption, in conjunction industrial with damuses, toaquaculture generate andelectricity. navigabilit A dam can also be used to collect water or for storagstoragee of water which can be evenl y distributed between locations. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of ret aining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees (also known as dikes) are used to manage or prevent water flow inintoto specific land regions. The word dam can be traced back to Middle English,[English,[1]1] and before that, from Midd le Dutch, as seen in the names of many old cities.[cities.[2]2] Contents 1 History 1.1 Ancient dams 1.2 Roman engineering 1.41.3 IndustrialMiddle Ages era 1.5 Large dams 2 Types of dams 2.1 By structure 2.1.1 Arch dams 2.1.2 Gravity dams 2.1.3 Arch-gravity dams 2.1.4 Barrages 2.1.5 Embankment dams 2.1.5.1 Rock-fill dams 2.1.5.2 Concrete-face rock-fill dams 2.1.5.3 Earth-fill dams 2.2 By size 2.3 By use 2.3.1 -
Archaeology Versus Urban Development in Cartagena
DOI 10.7603/s40707-014-0011-5 GSTF Journal of Engineering Technology (JET) Vol.3 No.2, July 2015 Archaeology versus Urban Development in Cartagena Francisco Segado Vázquez and José Manuel Maciá Albendín. Received 28 Apr 2015 Accepted 21 May 2015 Abstract— Archaeology has taught us what our origins are, and assessments that focus on the order in which they appear but frequently it works in an independent way, avoiding any kind rather than on the elements that should be highlighted as the of collaboration with other disciplines such as Urban way to establish the real relationship between old and new Development. Most often, archaeologists, managed by different urban plans. The chronological order of the different actions government bodies, tend to work independently of urban seems to be more important than the global vision, and, hence, planners. This system has led to archeologists getting the most often, the figure of the urban architect is the last one to be recognition for their discoveries while at the same time depriving involved in the process and must assume the previous actions society of the knowledge of the cities origin. As a consequence, of other professionals who have looked after their own interests urban development cannot fulfill its role. The fact that from the perspective of their own discipline. In most occasions archeological and urban development projects are carried out it may be too late to recover the old plans under the new cities. separately is the main reason for the absence of any relationship between current town planning in the cities and old and buried Usually, when any kind of archaeological discovery is urban planning. -
Course 1: Introduction to Water and Health Programme (Identical to Discussion Page)
Course 1 Course 1: Introduction to Water and Health Programme (Identical to Discussion Page) How to use the course materials: The material is divided into Concept and Discussion sections. Most Concept pages are accompanied by a Discussion page. The Concept page gives a brief overview of the topic being considered and each Discussion page amplifies that overview into a more detailed review of the topic. The simple analogy is that the Concept pages are what you would see on a PowerPoint or blackboard summary in a lecture and the Discussion page is what the lecturer would say in class about that topic (or would provide in written lecture notes). This means that you can use the Concept pages as a quick review of the topics by progressing through them in order using the Arrow icons at the top of the page (or in any order you want) and looking at the Discussion pages to amplify or remind you of the detailed content. This is very useful for a rapid review of course materials. If you mark the level of understanding you have for each topic (from low to high - red to green) , you can then use these measures of understanding to review only those topics that you need to work on further or had difficulty with on first reading. You may also add notes to any page or highlight materials for later study. For Help with the StudySpace software, see the Help Section on the left-hand menu. To see a PowerPoint Presentation on the StudySpace software used in these Water-Health courses see this link. -
A Very Brief History of Hydraulic Technology During Antiquity
Environ Fluid Mech (2008) 8:471–484 DOI 10.1007/s10652-008-9095-2 ORIGINAL ARTICLE A very brief history of hydraulic technology during antiquity Larry W. Mays Received: 7 May 2008 / Accepted: 20 August 2008 / Published online: 25 September 2008 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract Hydraulic technology began during antiquity long before the great works of such investigators such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519), Galileo Galilei (1564–1642), Evangelista Torricelli (1608–1647), Blaise Pascal (1623–1662), Isaac Newton (1642–1727), Daniel Bernoulli (1700–1782), and Leonhard Euler (1707–1783). The history of hydraulic technology even began long before Archimedes (287–212 BC). It is amazing to see what was accomplished in the application of hydraulic technology during antiquity, millenniums before the development of the concepts of conservation of mass, energy, and momentum used in present-day hydraulic design. The first developments of hydraulic technology occurred with the development of irrigation for agriculture, followed by the development of urban centers. A brief history is given of the development of hydraulic technology during antiquity. Keywords History · Hydraulics · Antiquity 1 Hydraulic technology for irrigation 1.1 The Egyptians and the Mesopotamians About 6,000–7,000 years ago, farming villages of the Near East and Middle East became urban centers. During the Neolithic age (ca. 5700–2800 BC), the first successful efforts to control the flow of water were driven by agricultural needs (irrigation) and were implemented in Mesopotamia and Egypt. Being one of the most predictable rivers in the world, the Nile River flood is seldom sudden or abrupt and is timely, in contrast to the floods of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. -
Architecture 2021
ARCHITECTURE Ane Books Pvt. Ltd. CITY PLANNING / URBAN STUDIES Urban Environment and Spatial Science Editors: NEW Mohd Akhter Ali, Kabir Mohan Sethy Muzafar Wamo, M. Kamraju Contents 1. Geospatial Technology and Applications in Urban and Regional Planning 2. An Overview of Urban Development 3. Urbanization-The Future of Cities: An unrealistic growth causing Societal Pandemic 4. Analysis of Urban Sprawl and Water Dynamics of Kalinganagar Industrial Region of Jajpur District of ODISHA 5. Spatiotemporal analysis of Dog Bites in Srinagar City 6. Geoinformatics Aided Urban Land Bank Identification and Mapping - A Case Study of Berhampur Municipal Corporation of Ganjam District, Odisha State, India 1 7. A Qualitative Study on Role of Satellite Cities in India 8. Coastal Cities and Erosion Issues: A Study Along - The Coast of Puri Town, Odisha, India Using Remote Senisng & Gis 9. Impact Assessment of Anthropogenic Stress on Green Spaces of Srinagar City, Jammu & Kashmir 10. Air and Noise Pollution Status 11. Climate Change and its Impact on Water- Comparative Study 12. Transformation of Transboundary River Padma (Ganges) 13. Developmental Planning for the Slums in Srinagar City 14. Informal Settlements and its Challenges in Kabul City-Afghanistan 15. Trace Metals in Fruits 16. Geopolitical Issues of Kabul River A Case Study of Af-Pak 17. Urban Expansion in the Northern Territories of Himalayan Region- India 18. A Study on Educational Status of Muslim Community in Telangana Region 9789390658282 • 300 (Hb) • 2021 • ` 1495.00 Urban Theory Anoop Kumar Singh Contents 1. Introduction to Urban Theory 2. Urban Theories Under Conditions of Modernity 3. Urban Political Economy 4. -
Water and Health Programme Course 1 - Introduction
Water and Health Title Page Water and Health Programme Course 1 - Introduction How to use the course materials: The material is divided into Concept and Discussion sections. Most Concept pages are accompanied by a Discussion page. The Concept page gives a brief overview of the topic being considered and each Discussion page amplifies that overview into a more detailed review of the topic. The simple analogy is that the Concept pages are what you would see on a PowerPoint or blackboard summary in a lecture and the Discussion page is what the lecturer would say in class about that topic (or would provide in written lecture notes). This means that you can use the Concept pages as a quick review of the topics by progressing through them in order using the Arrow icons at the top of the page (or in any order you want) and looking at the Discussion pages to amplify or remind you of the detailed content. This is very useful for a rapid review of course materials. If you mark the level of understanding you have for each topic (from low to high - red to green) , you can then use these measures of understanding to review only those topics that you need to work on further or had difficulty with on first reading. You may also add notes to any page or highlight materials for later study. For Help with the StudySpace software, see the Help Section on the left-hand menu. To see a PowerPoint Presentation on the StudySpace software used in these Water-Health courses see this link.