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http://www.bps.go.id http://www.bps.go.id 2 Statistik Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia 2009 STATISTIK SUMBER DAYA LAUT DAN PESISIR STATISTICS OF MARINE AND COASTAL RESOURCES http://www.bps.go.id 2010 Statistics of Marine and Coastal Resources 2010 i STATISTIK SUMBER DAYA LAUT DAN PESISIR 2010 STATISTICS OF MARINE AND COASTAL RESOURCES 2010 No. ISSN : 2086-2806 No. Publikasi / Publication Number : 04320.0902 Katalog BPS / BPS Catalogue : 3312002 Ukuran Buku / Book Size : 17, 6 cm X 25 cm Jumlah Halaman / Number of Pages : 234 halaman/pages Naskah / Manuscript : Sub Direktorat Statistik Lingkungan Hidup Sub Directorate of Environment Statistics Gambar Kulit / Cover Design : Sub Direktorat Statistik Lingkungan Hidup Sub Directorate of Environment Statistics Diterbitkan oleh / Published by : Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia BPS – Statistics Indonesia Dicetak oleh / Printed byhttp://www.bps.go.id: CV. Abdi Nusa Boleh dikutip dengan menyebutkan sumbernya May be cited with reference to the source ii Statistik Sumber Daya Laut dan Pesisir 2010 KATA PENGANTAR Publikasi Statistik Sumber Daya Laut dan Pesisir (SDLP) 2010 ini merupakan publikasi keenam yang diterbitkan oleh Badan Pusat Statistik sejak tahun 2004. Data yang dipublikasikan ini adalah hasil kompilasi data sekunder yang berasal dari Badan Pusat Statistik dan instansi/unit terkait baik di pusat maupun daerah. Publikasi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan kepada pemerintah agar lebih arif dalam mengelola sumber daya laut dan pesisir. Publikasi ini juga diharapkan bermanfaat bagi para pemerhati masalah pesisir dalam memberikan masukan kepada pemerintah dalam pembuatan kebijakan pembangunan wilayah pesisir. Disadari sepenuhnya bahwa publikasi ini masih belum sempurna. Banyak data yang belum disajikan karena belum optimalnya sistem pencatatan yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan laut dan pesisir pada berbagai instansi/unit terkait. Oleh karena itu, saran dan masukan untuk perbaikan publikasi ini pada penerbitan selanjutnya sangat diharapkan. Kepada semua pihak yang telah berpartisipasi dalam publikasi ini diucapkan terima kasih. Jakarta, Desember 2010 Kepala Badan Pusat Statistik http://www.bps.go.id Dr. Rusman Heriawan Statistics of Marine and Coastal Resources 2010 iii FOREWORD Statistical of Marine and Coastal Resources (SMCR) 2010 is the sixth publication issued by the BPS-Statistics Indonesia since 2004. Published data is the result of compilation of secondary data from the Statistics Indonesia and related agencies units either at central or regional levels. This publication is expected to give an idea to the government how to manage marine and costal resources properly. This publication is also expected to be useful for those who concern to coastal problems in providing input to government. Fully aware that the publication is not perfect. Some particularly data is not available this is due to unoptimal recording system relating to marine and coastal environments at various institutions/units concerned. Therefore, input and suggestions for publication improvement is expected for next publication. Thank you to all of those who have participated in this publication. Jakarta, December 2010 BPS - Statistics Indonesia http://www.bps.go.id Dr. Rusman Heriawan Chief Statistician iv Statistik Sumber Daya Laut dan Pesisir 2010 DAFTAR ISI/CONTENTS Halaman Page Kata Pengantar ................................................................................................................. iii Foreword Daftar Isi .......................................................................................................................... v Contents Daftar Tabel ..................................................................................................................... viii List of Tables Daftar Gambar .................................................................................................................. xxiii List of Figures Daftar Kotak...................................................................................................................... xxv List of Boxes Catatan Umum.................................................................................................................. xxvi Explanatory Notes BAB I. PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................................. 3 CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................................ 3 Background 1.2. Tujuan ..................................................................................................................... 4 Objectives http://www.bps.go.id 1.3. Ruang Lingkup ........................................................................................................ 5 Coverage BAB II. METODOLOGI.................... ........................................................................... 9 CHAPTER II. METHODOLOGY 2.1. Sumber Data ............................................................................................................ 9 Data Sources 2.2. Metode Penyajian .................................................................................................... 14 Method of Dissemination 2.3. Konsep dan Definisi................................................................................................. 14 Concept and Definition Statistics of Marine and Coastal Resources 2010 v BAB III. DATA SUMBER DAYA LAUT DAN PESISIR............................................. 39 CHAPTER III. DATA OF MARINE AND COASTAL RESOURCES 3.1. Gambaran Umum Wilayah Laut dan Pesisir ............................................................. 39 General Overview of Marine and Coastal Region 3.2. Mangrove, Terumbu Karang dan Padang Lamun ..................................................... 45 Mangrove, Coral Reef and Seagrass 3.2.1. Mangrove …..................................................................................................... 46 Mangrove 3.2.2. Terumbu Karang .............................................................................................. 55 Coral Reef 3.2.3. Padang Lamun .................................................................................................. 61 Seagrass 3.3. Potensi dan Produksi Perikanan …….……………………………………………... 64 Potency and Production Fisheries 3.3.1. Perikanan Tangkap …....................................................................................... 64 Marine Capture Fisheries 3.3.2. Perikanan Budidaya ...….................................................................................. 71 Aquaculture Fisheries 3.4. Perdagangan Perikanan ..…….………........................................................................ 82 Fisheries Trade 3.4.1. Ekspor Perikanan …......................................................................................... 84 Fisheries Export 3.4.2. Impor Perikanan ……….................................................................................. 89 Fisheries Import 3.5. Konsumsi Ikan ……………………............................................................................. 92 Fish Consumption 3.6. Sarana dan Prasaran Perikanan …………................................................................... 96 Fisheries Infrastructure 3.7. Rumah Tangga Perikananhttp://www.bps.go.id dan Perusahaan Perikanan ……....................................... 104 Marine Capture Fisheries Household and Establishments 3.8. Mineral ……………………………………………………….................................. 105 Mineral 3.9. Kawasan Konservasi Laut.......……………..………………………........................ 108 Marine Conservation Area 3.10. Kualitas Air Laut …………………...……..……..………….................................. 111 Seawater Qualities 3.11. Tindakan Pidana dan Pengawasan Kelautan dan Perikanan …….……………...... 119 Fisheries Violation and Marine Affairs and Fisheries Surveillance 3.12. Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan …...…………………………………….…....... 126 Education Infrastructure vi Statistik Sumber Daya Laut dan Pesisir 2010 3.13. Sarana dan Prasarana Sosial Ekonomi di Desa Pesisir ……………..…….…..... 127 Social Economy Infrastructure in Coastal Villages 3.14. Nilai Tukar Petani Subsektor Pertanian (NTN).................................................... 133 Fishery Farmer Terms of Trade (NTN) Daftar Pustaka ................................................................................................................. 141 References Tabel-tabel........................................................................................................................ 149 Tables http://www.bps.go.id Statistics of Marine and Coastal Resources 2010 vii DAFTAR TABEL / LIST OF TABLES Tabel Judul Halaman Table Title Page 1 Sebaran Mangrove Dunia Sekarang dan Lampau menurut Wilayah (ribu ha), 1980-2005........................................................................... 52 Current and Past Extent of World’s Mangroves by Region (thousand ha), 1980 – 2005 2 Produksi Perikanan (ton), 2004-2008................................................ 65 Fisheries Production (ton), 2004-2008 3 Potensi Lahan Budidaya dan Tingkat Pemanfaatan Tambak dan Budidaya Laut (ha), 2007................................................................... 73 Potency of Aquaculture Area and Usage Level of Brackishwater Pond and Marine Culture (ha), 2007 4 Tabel Volume dan Nilai Ekspor Udang, 2004-2008.......................... 75 Table Quantity and Value of Exports shrimp, 2004-2008 5 Pengeluaran dan Persentase Pengeluaran terhadap Total Pengeluaran Rata-Rata per Kapita Sebulan
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  • 〔水産増殖43巻3号297-304Suisanzoshoku(1995-H7)〕

    〔水産増殖43巻3号297-304Suisanzoshoku(1995-H7)〕

    〔水産増殖43巻3号297-304SUISANZOSHOKU(1995-H7)〕 A Study on the Reproduction of the Green Snail, Turbo marmoratus in the Ryukyu Islands, Southern Japan Toru KOMATSU1),*1, Masayoshi MURAKOSHI2), *2, and Ryota NAKAMURA1), *3 1)Department of Marine Sciences , University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-01, Japan 2) Okinawa Prefectural Sea Farming Center , 853-1 Ohama, Motobu, Okinawa 905-02, Japan Abstract The green snail, Turbo marmoratus had sex ratios of 1 : 1 both in Tokunoshima Island and the Yaeyama Island Group, the northern and southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan. No significant differences were found in mean oocyte sizes either between different sections in an ovary or between ovaries with different gonad bulk indices (GI: percentage gonad area to the total cross- sectional area of the gonad-digestive gland) when GI exceeded 50%. The number of oocytes per unit weight was significantly different among different portions in an ovary, and this could be attributed to the difference in the specific gravity of oocytes. The maximum number of oocytes in an ovary was estimated between 1.279 •~ 106 and 7.523 •~ 106 for females of 12.5-19.3 cm in shell width. The main spawning season was August-November in Tokunoshima I, and July-November in the Yaeyama Island Group. Mature individuals were found during all seasons in both localities. The relationship between the spawning activity and the lunar cycle was examined for T. marmoratus from Tokunoshima I., but the relationship was not found. The largest species of the family Turbinidae, the the Ryukyu Islands. Over-exploitation occurrs else- green snail Turbo marmoratus is dioecious, and broad- where in the western Pacific and Southeast Asia1,2) cast its gametes into the water.