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Title

Information seeking behavior in academic assignments using smartphone among elementary school students (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi? article=6956&context=libphilprac)

Authors

Rahma Sugihartati, Department of Information and Library Science, Airlangga University (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/do/search/? q=author_lname%3A%22Sugihartati%22%20author_fname%3A%22Rahma%22&start=0&context=52045) Follow (http://network.bepress.com/api/follow/subscribe? user=ZDZlNjAzZTdjNTE0ZWI5Mw%3D%3D&institution=MmZmZmExNzVkZDc0MDU1Ng%3D%3D&format=html)

Date of this Version

11-19-2019

Abstract

This article discusses information seeking behavior developed by elementary school students in completing academic assignments, their reasons for using smartphone to find information related to academic assignments, and students' opinions about the role of school libraries. All data presented in this article are the results of a study on 500 elementary school students in four major cities in East Java Province, Indonesia, namely Surabaya, Malang, Madiun and Malang. This study found that there has been a change in information seeking behavior among elementary students who no longer rely solely on information from textbooks in the libraries. The students have become part of the YouTube Generation that uses more social media (YouTube) via smartphone. According to the elementary school students, YouTube is a social media platform that provides information that is easily understood, while Google offers unlimited information. Students' confidence in the library as a source of information began to fade. Students in the millennial era often perceived libraries as sources of information from school textbooks, not as sources of information that are able to provide broad and varied information. To maintain the existence of school libraries, the role of school librarians that is urgently developed in the future is that librarians must change the way of learning and the choice of information sources among YouTube generation by collaborating with teachers in developing digital and information literacy skills among students.

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LIBRARY PHILOSOPHY AND PRACTICE (E-JOURNAL) (HTTPS://DIGITALCOMMONS.UNL.EDU/LIBPHILPRAC)

Library Philosophy and Practice (LPP) (ISSN 1522-0222) is a peer-reviewed electronic journal owned and published by the University Libraries of the University of Nebraska--Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. LPP publishes articles exploring the connection between library practice and the philosophy and theory behind it. These include explorations of current, past, and emerging theories of librarianship and library practice, as well as reports of successful, innovative, or experimental library procedures, methods, or projects in all areas of librarianship, set in the context of applied research.

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Green Libraries Effect to the Academic Institutions: A Special Study on US Based Libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2393) , payel saha

In Modern Digital Environment various features of Citation Management tools Mendeley & Endnote: A study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2832) , payel saha

USE OF WHATSAPP AMONG THE USERS OF CHATTISGARH LIBRARIES: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2394) , payel saha

Web Content Analysis of Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Library Websites: An Evaluative Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3949) , Sambhunath Sahoo and Krushna Chandra Panda

Usability and Return on Investment (ROI) of Electronic Information Resources: An Evaluative Study on Selected Scientific & Research Institutes Libraries in Odisha (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3821) , Sidhartha Sahoo, Rabindra Kumar Mahapatra, and Shriram Pandey

Article Level Metrics of PLOS: A Case Study of Top Five NIRF-2017 Institutes in Engineering (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3731) , Ramani Ranjan Sahu Librarian Grade -III and Lambodara Parabhoi Professional Assistant

Open Access Repository: A Comparative study of Germany, Switzerland and Austria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3022) , Ramani Ranjan Sahu Assistant Librarian and Lambodara Parabhoi Mr.

Open Access Repository: A Comparative study of Germany, Switzerland and Austria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2511) , Ramani Ranjan Sahu and Lambodara Parabhoi USE OF MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY AMONG THE LECTURER AND STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2627) , Komolafe Ramilowo Saidat, Otonekwu Onyeisi Florence, and Francis Olusanjo Oyeyemi

REPOSITIONING OF LIBRARIES SERVICES TOWARD NATIONAL INTEGRATION AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2929) , Komolafe Ranmilowo Saidat and Oyeyemi Francis Olusanjo

IMPACT OF ICT IN COLLEGE LIBRARIES OF ASSAM FOR PROMOTING HIGHER EDUCATION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO LAKHIMPUR DISTRICT. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2313) , Rikumoni Saikia and P. K. Barooah

Investigating the Social Media Presence of Articles in Altmetrics Field Indexed in Scopus Database: An Altmetrics study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2779) , faridokht salahshoori and Zahra Abedini

Studying Relationship between Citation and Altmetrics of Top Chemistry Researches’ Articles (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3556) , Mozhdeh Salajeghe, Javad Zaraat Pisheh, and Adel Soleimani Nejad

Mapping Intellectual Structure of Published Articles in Information Retrieval during 1983-2017. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3559) , Mozhdeh Salajeghe Prof., Adel Soleimani pro., and Mahdieh Khazaneha MRS

Bibliometrics Study of Mens Sana Monograph: 2007 to 2016 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2693) , Abul Salam and Deep Kumar Kirtania

MAPPING LIFE SCIENCES & BIOMEDICINE RESEARCH (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2782) , Shah Salma and B. Mini Devi

Research Productivity and Research Trends in the Library and Information Science Subject: A Study with reference to SCOPUS (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2661) , Manoj Kumar Sa and Mallikarjun Dora

ICT Usage at Rural Libraries: Does Positive Youth Development exist? (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3053) , Samsul Farid Samsuddin and Hayrol Azril Mohamed Shaffril

User preference on use of print and Electronic Resources in Selected Universities in Tanzania: A survey. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2811) , Athumani Samzugi

Websites of I-League Clubs: A Webometric Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2965) , Arindam Sarkar

Controlled Vocabularies versus Social Tags: A Brief Literature Review (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3658) , Arindam Sarkar and Prof. Udayan Bhattacharya

#Hashtag: A Special Feature to Organize and Classify Unstructured Information in Social Media (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3673) , Arindam Sarkar and Udayan Bhattacharya Prof.

Where Does Data Science Research Stand in the 21st Century: Observation from the Standpoint of a Scientometric Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2561) , Arindam Sarkar Mr. and Ashok Pal Mr.

Green technology literature from India as reflected in Web of Science from 2000 to 2015 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2188) , Aswathy S Dr and Saravanan G Dr.

Scientometric Study on Immunology at National Level through Web of Science Database (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2285) , sathiyapriya sathiyapriya.c and Gomathi Palanisamy

RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY OF LIS PROFESSIONALS IN 2004 TO 2013: A STUDY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2724) , Dr. Amol Babasaheb Sawai Librarian and Dr. Subash Pundalikrao Chavan Director

Personal Information Management by Ph.D. Scholars of Library and Information Science in India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2927) , sarika sawant and Bharati Manchekar

GLOBAL ANALYSIS OF REPOSITORIES IN 'LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE' IN OPENDOAR (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2254) , Dhanavandan S. S

INFORMATION SOURCES AND SERVICES FOR USING RESEARCH SCHOLARS AND FACULTY MEMBERS IN THE SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCE IN PERIYAR UNIVERSITY, SALAM, TAMILNADU: A CASE STUDY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3627) , DURAISEKAR S and PALANIAPPAN M

Marketing Of Library And Information Services In A Digital Age: Application Of The Marketing Mix: A Case Study Of Two Private Universities In Ogun and Osun State (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2876) , CHIDI DEBORAH SEGUN-ADENIRAN, OLAJUMOKE OLAWOYIN, and ESTHER LAWAL-SOLARIN

The Role of Iran Public Libraries in Development and Promoting of Tourism Services (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2953) , Leili Seifi and Raziyeh Kazemi

The Role of Academic Libraries in Creating Oral History Collection (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2756) , Leili Seifi, Raziye Kazemi, and Shahnaz Khademizadeh

The Effective Factors on Environmentally Friendly Behavior: A Case Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2842) , Mohammad Hassan Seif and Sareh Nematolahi M.A

The Information Distribution of Citarum Harum Program to The Community and People of Bandung Regency of West Java Indonesia (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3616) , Yanti Setianti, Nuryah Asri Sjafira, Diah Fatma, Heru Ryanto Budiana, and Achmad Abdul Basith

Character Content As An On Line Branding Strategy In Indonesia’s Fashion Creative Industri (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2859) , sri dewi setiawati 1, Asep Suryana 2, Dadang Sugiana 3, and Centurion Chandratama Priyatna 4 Millennial Moms : Social Media as The Preferred Source of Information about Parenting in Indonesia (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2558) , yuanita setyastuti, Jenny Ratna Suminar, Purwanti Hadisiwi, and Feliza Zubair

Familiarity and Application of Web 2.0 Technologies in Education and Learning by LIS Postgraduate Students (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2685) , Maryam Shabankareh, Fatemeh Sheikhshoaei, Fereydoon Azadeh, and Masoud Mohammadi

Open Access Repositories in Asia: An Overview (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2581) , Ubaid Ullah Shah

LOCKSS, CLOCKSS & PORTICO: A LOOK INTO DIGITAL PRESERVATION POLICIES (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2481) , Ubaid Ullah Shah and Sumeer Gul Dr.

Users' Satisfaction with Information Resources and Services: A Survey of GC University Library Lahore (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3603) , Khurram Shahzad

Global toxicology research output (2008-2017): A scientometric analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2928) , Abhishek Kumar Sharma

Scientometric analysis of biotechnology research output in India during 2008-2017 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2983) , Abhishek Kumar Sharma, Bharat Prasad Dwivedee, Surbhi Soni, Deepak N. Kapoor, and Varsha Patil

Newspaper Reading Habit among the Students of University College Kurukshetra: A Case Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2241) , Chetan Sharma Dr. and Rajni Saini

Mapping of major ICT initiatives in school education of India: an overview (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3752) , Navneet Kumar Sharma and Aditya Tripathi

ACCESS AND USE OF ELECTRONIC RESOURCES BY THE FACULTY MEMBERS AND RESEARCH SCHOLARS OF SOCIAL SCIENCES IN MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY, ROHTAK, HARYANA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2948) , NEETIKA SHARMA

A study on Book Bank service of select college libraries in Assam (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3597) , Nilakshi Sharma and Dipen Deka

Vedic Education: The Only Means To Realise Sarvam Khalu Idam Brahman (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2997) , VANDANA SHARMA

Digital Library Challenges and Opportunities: An Overview (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3725) , Vipan Kumar Sharma and Suresh Kumar Chauhan

MOBILE BASED LIBRARY SERVICES IN NIGERIA: APPLICATION, PROSPECTS, AND CHALLENGES. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2857) , Abdullahi bala Shehu and Paraya Gabasa

APPLICATION OF WEB 2.0 IN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES OF NORTHERN NIGERIA USING THE THEORY OF MANNES LIBRARY 2.0. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2801) , ABDULLAHI BALA SHEHU and SINGH K.P. PhD

Ways to Create Awareness on Cultural Heritage: An overview (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2577) , Somipam R. Shimray

Cultural Heritage Awareness among students of Pondicherry University: a Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2516) , Somipam R. Shimray and Chennupati K. Ramaiah

Reading habits and subjects predilection by mobile readers: A Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2805) , Somipam R. Shimray and Chennupati K. Ramaiah

Evaluation of 8th Semester Engineering Student’s Perception, Awareness and Behavior towards Plagiarism in BGS Institute of Technology at Adi Chunachangiri University (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2177) , Dr. K N Shivakumaraswamy and Shivakumar M

Use of Web-Based Library Services in Mysore City Engineering Colleges in Karnataka, India: A Study. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2370) , K N. Shivakumaraswamy

Challenges and Problems in Transferring an In-House System based Digital Catalogue into Open Source System (KOHA) A case study of Bait ul Hikmah Library, Pakistan (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2759) , Malahat Kaleem Sh, Ammarah Siddiqui, Aamna Shamim, and Naveed Sehar

A Consolidation of Challenges Faced by School Libraries in Developing Countries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2467) , Liah Shonhe

Mapping the Research Publications Pattern of Faculties of Library and Information Science Department, Mizoram University, Aizawl From 2008-2017: A Bibliometric Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2448) , Ravi Kumar Shukla, Sanjay Kumar Singh Prof., and Manoj Kumar Verma Dr.

RESEARCH TREND AND COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS: A SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2262) , Shridevi Sindagi

Broadcasting Law 32/2002: A Case of the Indonesian Government’s Indecisiveness towards the Implementation of Radio Network (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2966) , Kartika Singarimbun, Siti Karlinah, Yuliandre Darwis, and Dadang Rahmat HIdayat

Reaching an Optimal Target: How Prambors Radio Network Uses Content to Connect with Millennials (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2942) , Kartika Singarimbun, Siti Karlinah, Yuliandre Darwis, and Dadang Rahmat Hidayat

Digital Addiction: a conceptual overview (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3538) , Amarjit Kumar Singh and Pawan Kumar Singh

Recent Trends, Current Research in Cyberpsychology: a literature review (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2656) , Amarjit Kumar Singh and Pawan Kumar Singh Establishing Library Learning Commons in Universities of India: A Case Study of BHU Library System (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2477) , Dr. Punit Kumar Singh

Information Visualization Research Publications during 1990-2018: A Scientometric Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3809) , Kunwar Singh, Abhishek Ranjan, and Somesh Rai

Exploration of Level of Computer Anxiety among Veterinary Students (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3014) , Nirmal Singh, Sanjay Chandwani, Jaswinder Singh, and Dhiraj Kumar

Environmental Sustainability in libraries through green practices/services (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2312) , Priti Singh (Junior Research Fellow) and Rajani Mishra (Associate Professor)

Returns on Library Investment: A Study of the Leading Engineering and Technology Institutes in India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2359) , Shivendra Singh and Ramesh Pandita Mr.

Role and Impact of E-Journals: A Case Study of University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Kurukshetra University (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3042) , Sukhbir Singh, Neha Garg, and Dr. Chetan Sharma

A STUDY ON READING HABITS AMONG HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SALEM ,TAMIL NADU INDIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2576) , G SIVASUBRAMANIAN and Dr.P. Gomathi

A STUDY ON READING HABITS AMONG HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SALEM, TAMIL NADU INDIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2566) , G SIVASUBRAMANIAN and Dr.P. Gomathi

Perspective of The Search Engines Among The Faculty Members of Autonomous Colleges of Coimbatore: A Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2218) , G SIVASUBRAMANIAN and Dr.P. Gomathi

AWARENESS AND USAGE OF SEARCH ENGINES AMONG THE STUDENTS SRI RAMAKRISHNA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE COIMBATORE: A STUDY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2191) , G.SIVASUBRAMANIAN sivasubramanian, Dr.P. Gomathi, and G SIVASUBRAMANIAN

Differences between Faculty Members and Research Scholars in Use of E-Resources (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2775) , Anil Kumar Siwach

Use of Electronic Resources by Science Faculty and Researchers in Selected North Indian Universities (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2506) , Anil Kumar Siwach and Satish Kumar Malik

A Role for Jamaica Libraries in Conflict Resolution (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3534) , Cherry-Ann M. Smart and Noel M. Cowell Dr

User Perception on Open Access Resources among College Students in India: A Survey (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2124) , Muthuvennila S and Thanuskodi S

EXISTENCE OF MEDIA IN IMPLEMENTING THE ROLE OF WATCHDOG IN THE CASE OF LAND EQUIPMENT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW YOGYAKARTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3743) , gede moenanto soekowati, aceng abdullah, evie ariadne, and oekan soekotjo abdullah

Use of Electronic Journals by Research Scholars and Postgraduate Students of University of Delhi and Jamia Millia Islamia: A Comparative Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2137) , Md. Sohail, Mr. Maksood, and Nazia Salauddin

Investigating the Rejuvenation of the Children's Section of Public Libraries to Enhance the Attraction of Users: A Structural Equation Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2308) , Faramarz Soheili Dr., Ali Akbar Khasseh, Masomeh Amini, and Saleh Rahimi Dr.

The Scientific Information Exchange General Model at Digital Library Context: Internet of Things (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2150) , Nayere Soleimanzade, Asefeh Asemi, Mozafar CheshmehSohrabi, and Ahmad Shabani

Information Behaviour of Indonesian Women in Website femaledaily.com (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3030) , Restu Putri Solikhah and Laksmi Laksmi

Access of Digital Resources in KIMS college of Nursing: A study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2479) , SARITA SOMARAJAN and Muruganantham T

BLENDED (E-LEARNING) ENVIRONMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLE OF DIGITAL LIBRARIES (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2715) , Esther Kelechi Soyele Mrs, Emeka C. Uzomba Mr., and Oluwatofunmi Jesudunni Oyebola Mrs

Authorship Productivity and Applicability of Lotka's Law in Phytochemistry Literature (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3618) , Radhakrishnan S and Baskaran C

The interpretation of OPAC service in the Library of Universitas Airlangga (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2361) , Dyah Puspitasari Srirahayu and Esti Putri Anugrah

Serendipity on information searching behavior in use e-journal collection (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2608) , Dyah Puspitasari Srirahayu Mrs, Maisyah Su’adaa Irfana Mrs, Endang Fitriyah Mannan Mrs, and Esti Putri Anugrah Miss

A SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE OUTPUT IN THE JOUNAL SURVEY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2735) , Santha Subbulaxmi S

Webometric Analysis of Postgraduate Ophthalmic College Websites in India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2734) , Santha Subbulaxmi S

Thirty Years of Global Literature on Bioleaching: A Scientometric Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2230) , Saravanan S, and Baskaran C. - -

Thirty Years of Global Literature on Bioleaching: A Scientometric Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2217) , Saravanan S, Research Scholar Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu. India and Baskaran -. C - Records disposal governance at lower levels of governments in Uganda: The case of Arua District Local government (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2707) , Francis Ssekitto

THE EFFECTIVE USE OF WHATSAPP MESSENGER AMONG LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE PROFESSIONALS IN NORTH EAST REGION, INDIA: A STUDY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2328) , G. Stephen

EXCLUSIVE STUDY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF AVAILABLE RESOURCES IN THE COLLEGE LIBRARY BY THE COLLEGE STUDENTS (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2347) , ARAVIND SUBBAIAH

Impact of Micro Finance on Decision Making Empowerment of SHGs Women Members in Tirunelveli District (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2739) , Sivasubramanian Subbiah

STATISTICAL OUT LOOK ON ACADEMIC SUBSCRIPTION TO THE N-LIST TAMILNADU STATE UNIVERSITIES AFFILIATED COLLEGES (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2830) , Sivasubramanian Subbiah

USE PATTERN OF DIGITAL LIBRARY IN EDUCATING ENGINEERING GRADUATES AROUND TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT– A CASE STUDY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2348) , RAMA SUBRAMANIAN, K VINITHA, and A Thirumagal

USER SATISFACTION ON DIGITAL LIBRARY SERVICES AMONG POST GRADUATES OF ENGINEERING AROUND TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT– A CASE STUDY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3025) , RAMA SUBRAMANIAN, K VINITHA, and A Thirumagal

Information seeking behavior in academic assignments using smartphone among elementary school students (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3669) , Rahma Sugihartati

A Study of the Importance of Academic Research in Social Sciences and the role of University Libraries in A. P. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2620) , Mohammadi Asra Sultana

TARAWANGSA AS A TRADITIONAL COMMUNICATION MEDIA IN THE INFORMATION DISSEMINATION BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3715) , Suwandi Sumartias, Andi Alimuddin, Priyo Subekti, Iriana Bakti, Aat Ruchiat Nugraha, Susie Perbawasari, and Rosnandar Romli

User Perception of Library Services in Public Libraries in Western Tamilnadu with special reference to Salem District: a Case Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2951) , N SUNDARESWARAN

User Perception of Library Services in Public Libraries in Western Tamilnadu with special reference to Salem District: a Case Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2321) , N SUNDARESWARAN

File (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/libphilprac/article/5889/type/native/viewcontent)

The Library as Facilitator of Public Access to Information: 21St Century Approach (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2447) , Ozonuwe Opene Sunday OOS, Ohwofasa Faith Faith OFF, and Lateef Elizabeth Bukunola LEB

An Analysis of the Quality of Ph.D Theses: A Peep Through In-text Citations And Bibliography (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2219) , Unnikrishnan S

Internalization of Multicultural Values in Learning Islamic Education (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3742) , triyo supriyatno and Ubabuddin ubabuddin

Scientometric Analysis of Quarterly E-journals of Health Science (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2822) , Priya Ashok Suradkar, Dattatraya Trayambak Kalbande, and Hemke Digambar Ambadas 7259974

Scientometric analysis of pollution control research publications in Indian from SCOPUS database between 2007 and 2018 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3688) , Vivekanandhan S Dr, Rajendran Periyasamy Dr, and Sivasamy K Dr

User Awareness on ‘Single Window Search’ Tool provided by the KMC Health Sciences Library, MAHE, Manipal: A Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2729) , Swapna -, Mahabaleshwara Rao, and Shivananda Bhat

The Use of Performance Measurement in Universities of Pakistan (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3010) , Muhammad Tanveer and Asif Mahbub Karim Dr.

Review of E-Learning Environment at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2337) , Richard Tawiah, Richard Bruce Lamptey, Gabriel Asare Okyere, William Oduro, and Michael Oko Thompson

Use of Social Networking Sites among the College Students in Tamil Nadu, India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2301) , Balamurugan T and Thanuskodi S

Availability And Accessibility of Information Resources by Students in Tertiary Institutions. A Case Study of Gboko Polytechnic Gboko- , Nigeria. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2800) , UGBA TERLANGA CLN, TONDO RICHARD IORVER, TOFI SIMON TERNENGE CLN, AKOSU HYACINTH AKOSU, and AKAAIMO GABRIEL TERHEMEN

Effective Utilization of Information Resources for Research in Nursing By Student Nurses in Benue State Schools of Nursing and Midwifery, Makurdi (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2455) , Tofi Simon Ternenge

Lobbying And Advocacy as Marketing Strategies For Library Survival in Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2793) , TOFI SIMON TERNENGE CLN

Marketing Library And Information Resources And Services Using Social Media Platforms (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2792) , Tofi Simon Ternenge CLN

Perceived Impact of Internet Services on Computer Science Undergraduate Research in Universities in Benue State, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2360) , Tofi Simon Ternenge Availability and Utilization of School Library Resources in Selected Secondary Schools in Makurdi Metropolis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2542) , Tofi Simon Ternenge and Onuminya Lydia Agipu

Information Needs of Cassava Farmers In Okpokwu Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2981) , Tofi Simon Ternenge CLN, Tondo Richard Iorver, and Egbe Francis Ebute

Availability, Accessibility, and Use of Electronic Information Resources for Research by Students in Francis Sulemanu Idachaba Library University of Agriculture, Makurdi (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2352) , Tofi Simon Ternenge and Fanafa Kashimana

Awareness and Perception about E-Resources among Faculty Members in selected Self-Financing Arts and Science Colleges of Chennai – A Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2995) , M Thamaraiselvi, S Lakshmi Dr, and M Manthiramoorthi

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND NUTRITION: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2935) , Mr. T. Thangamani, Dr. M. Palaniappan, and Mr. R. Vijayakumar

Information Literacy Skills among Library and Information Science Professionals in India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2126) , S Thanuskodi "Dr."

Information Search Strategies among LIS Professionals: A Case Study of Selected Institutions in India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2154) , S Thanuskodi "Dr."

BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN YOGA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3581) , Dr.A. Thirumagal and M. Mani

Circulation Analysis of Newly Acquired Print Materials in a University Library (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2289) , Darin Jan Tindowen, Czarina Pauleen R. Biltran, Christian Paul Umayam, and Leah P. Azardon

Creative, Innovative, and Collaborative Librarians Wanted: The Use of Personality Traits in Librarian Job Advertisements (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2463) , Rayla E. Tokarz

Scholarly Communication in International Journal of Digital Curation from 2006-2017: a DOAJ based study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2866) , Guptnath Trivedi

Visualization and Scientometric Mapping of Global Agriculture Big Data Research (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2478) , Guptnath Trivedi

Java CDS/ISIS: A Rigorous Tool For Effective And Efficient Data Sorting (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2647) , saravanan T

PERCEPTION AND USAGE OF HEALTH INFORMATION SOURCES AND SERVICES AMONG THE URBAN COMMUNITY USERS OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES: A CASE STUDY OF BHADRAVATHI (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2550) , Arun Kumara Kumara T S, Dharani Kumar P, Santhosh Kumar K T, and Shilpa B S

SWOT Analysis of Federal University Lafia Library, , Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3641) , Jacob Fagga Tsegba, Rebeca Ape, and Kingsley E. Enyi

Causes of Delinquent Acts Among Library Users: A Case Study Of The University Library, Abraka (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2374) , Janet Ubogu

Mentoring For Professional Development Of Academic Librarians In Nigerian University Libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2357) , Janet Ubogu

Awareness and Utilization of Social Media by Tertiary Institutions’ Librarians in Abia and Imo States, Nigeria. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2307) , Angelina C. Uche Ph.D and Adaora J. Udo-Anyanwu Ph.D

Adoption and Usage of Web-based Library Resources and Services: an Investigation of icddr,b Library in Bangladesh (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2845) , Md. Nazim Uddin, M. Al Mamun, and Md. Shafiur Rahman

Reprographic Services: Availability and Effective Accessibility of University Library Materials by Students in University of Science and Technology (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2671) , DELIGHT UDOCHUKWU

Stages of Organisational Commitment among Librarians in University Libraries in South-South, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2937) , Iwat Udofia Dr. and Ahiaoma Ibegwam

Business Education Lecturers’ Perception of Learning Management Systems for Effective Teaching and Learning Accounting in Universities in South-East, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2122) , Ernest Ugwoke, Nathaniel Ifeanyi Edeh, and Joseph C. Ezemma

Social Media as Tools for Political Views Expressed in the Visuals Shared among Social Media Users (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2595) , Chidi Jonh Ugwuanyi Dr, Igwubuike Innocent Olijo Mr, and Gever Verlumun Celestine

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES AS PREDICTORS OF ACCESSIBILITY AND UTILIZATION OF MATERNAL HEALTH INFORMATION AMONG WOMEN IN LAGOS, NIGERIA. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2488) , Ngozi Blessing Ukachi

Publication Trends Of Pakistan Heart Journal: A Bibliometric Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2237) , Saeed Ullah

THE USE OF ICT FOR SECURITY AND THEFT PREVENTION IN TWO UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2366) , Akor Usman Philip, JUSTINA N. Ekere Dr, and SOLOMON O. Akor Mr

Sources of Health Information Affecting Awareness in Using Latrine among Riverside Inhabitants of Rural Indonesia (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3544) , Ima Hidayati Utami, Susanne Dida, Purwanti Hadisiwi, and Bambang Dwi Prasetyo

Using Innovative e-Book Based on Picture Stories for Economic Literacy Teenagers: A Study on Junior High Schools Student in Malang Indonesia (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3548) , Nunung Utami The Tradition of Cassava Rice Eating: Communication Patterns of Sunda Wiwitan Indigenous Families in Cultural Heritage in Cireundeu Village, Cimahi City, West Java (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3698) , nanda utaridah, Antar Venus, Atwar Bajari, and Dadang Suganda

Perceived Impact of Information and Communication Technology in Enhancing Entrepreneurship in Sports among Health and Physical Education Teachers in , Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2712) , Ogwo Uzoamaka, Oliver Igwebuike Abbah, and Ngozi Justina Igwe

Perceived Impact of Information and Communication Technology in Enhancing Entrepreneurship in Sports among Health and Physical Education Teachers in Anambra State, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2714) , Ogwo Uzoamaka, Oliver Igwebuike Abbah, and Ngozi Justina Igwe

Entrepreneurship Education: A Viable Tool in Enhancing Post Basic in Awka Education Zone, Anambra State, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2713) , Ogwo Uzoamaka, Chinedu I. Ayolugbe, and Ngozi Justina Igwe

Availability and Access of Electronic Information Resources to Medical Library Users in Universities in South-South, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2736) , Ogwo Uzoamaka and Nwachukwu Ndubuisi Victor Professor

AWARENESS OF WEB 2.0 AMONG THE RESEARCH SCHOLARS OF PERIYAR UNIVERSITY: A STUDY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2945) , ABIRAMI V MS and Kavitha ES Dr

Role of social media during Kerala floods 2018 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2754) , Rekha Rani Varghese and Yadukrishnan T A

Mapping of Nephrology Research Performance of Global Scientists in Science Citation Index Expanded (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2151) , Chandran Velmurugan

Mapping of Research Productivity on Nanotechnology in Canada: A Scientometric Profile (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2450) , Chandran Velmurugan

Research Impact of the Iranian Publications on Social Networks in Scopus Indexed (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2397) , Chandran Velmurugan

Mapping the Indian Contribution in Pathogen Research during 2008-2017: A Scientometric Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2812) , Manoj Kumar Verma and Ravi Shukla

LEVEL OF JOB PERFORMANCE OF LIBRARY PROFESSIONALS IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN VARANASI BASED ON THE GENDER AND WORK EXPERIENCE (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3751) , Neha Verma and Kunwar Singh Dr.

Altmetric Analysis of Highly Cited Publications on Digital Library in Brazil and India: A Comparative Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2273) , Sapna Verma Ms. and Madhusudhan Margam Dr.

Cost Effective Library ICT Implementation - A Case Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2906) , B. Vijayalakshmi, Dr. A. Thriumagal, and M. Mani

Solid Waste Research in India during 2008-2017: A Bibliometric Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2571) , P VIjay, Saraswati Rao M, and Sivasubraminiyan G

Social Networking Sites and Indian Students: A Study on the Usage Pattern (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3727) , Dhanyasree V.K. and Jaideep Sharma

Authorship Pattern and Citation Level of i10 Cited Research Papers of DESIDOC Journal of Library and Information Technology in Google Scholar (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2679) , Renjith V R

Is Ranganathan a Pragmatic Philosopher? Reading the Five Laws of Library Science in the Light of Ancient Indian Philosophy (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3540) , Simjith V and Vasudevan T.M

Telepsychiatry Therapy As New Media For People With Mental Disorders Treatment (Case Study of The People With Mental Disorders Health Workers To Reach Out Far Patients) (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2833) , sri wahyuningsih

OPEN ACCESS: AN OVERVIEW (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2810) , Javaid wani

Open Access Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repositories: An Assessment (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2528) , Javaid Ahmad Wani

Webometric Analysis of Selected University Library Websites of India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3686) , Javaid Ahmad Wani

The Resources of Allama Iqbal Library: An Evaluative Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2733) , JAVAID AHMAD WANI, HILAL AHMAD SHIEKH, and SALMA JAN

Evaluation of selected Open Access Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repositories (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2974) , Javaid wani, UMER GULL KHAN, and AADIL AHMAD HAFIZ

Job satisfaction of College Librarians: A study of Kashmir (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3001) , Javaid wani and Jaffer Kabir Najar

“SATISFACTION OF USERS WITH THE SERVICES OF ALLAMA IQBAL LIBRARY” (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2730) , Javaid wani, Irfan shafi, and Hilal Ahmad Sheikh

Alternative Education in the Global Era: Study of Alternative Models of Islamic Education in Tazkia International Islamic Boarding School Malang (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3748) , Wildana Wargadinata, Wahidmurni Wahidmurni, Abdussakir Abdussakir, Esa Nur Wahyuni, and Iffat Maimunah

Assessment of Factors Influencing Information Communication technology (I.C.T) Competency among Library Staff (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3683) , Ibrahim Alhaji wawu

Impact on ICT Utilization on Library Services in Academic Libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3682) , Ibrahim Alhaji wawu Technology Acceptance Models and Theories in Library and Information Science Research (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3674) , MUHAMAD PRABU WIBOWO

Authorship and Collaboration Pattern in SRELS Journal of Information Management during 2008-2017: An Evaluation (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2119) , Sunil Kumar Yadav, S N. Singh, and Manoj Kumar Verma

Research on e-Resources in India: A Scientometric Assessment of Publications Output on the Basis of SCOUPUS Database during 1993-2018 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3745) , Sunil Kumar Yadav, Manoj Kumar Verma, and S N. Singh

INFORMATION LITREACY SKILLS ON THE USE OF ELECTRONIC RESOURCES BY UNDERGRADUATES STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY OF AND UNIVERSITY MALETE, KWARA STATE, NIGERIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2362) , Ismaila Aliyu Yahaya

INFORMATION NEEDS AND IMFORMATION SEEKING BEHAVIOUR OF POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS IN KWARA STATE UNIVERSITY, MALETE.Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2363) , Ismaila Aliyu Yahaya

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON THE INFORMATION BEHAVIOUR OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN SELECTED UNIVERSITIES IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3655) , Ismaila Aliyu Yahaya and Hadi Abdul Ayodeji

UTILIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SERIAL PUBLICATIONS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF KWARA STATE UNIVERSITY, MALETE .NIGERIAN (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2952) , Ismaila Aliyu Yahaya, RAFIU OLABAMIJI AYODELE, and Abdul Hadi Ayodeji

Information Literacy among the women teaching faculty members working in Research and Academic institutions affiliated by Bharathiar University, Coimbatore (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2178) , Dr M. Yasmin

Combined Correlational Effects of Motivation, Emotional Intelligence and Human Capital Development on Job Satisfaction of Librarians in Nigerian Public University Libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2751) , Japheth Abdulazeez Yaya Dr and Uloma Doris Onuoha Dr

WOMEN REPRESENTATION IN LYRIC OF MINANG SONG “LAKI DEN HOBI BABURU” (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2880) , Tantri Puspita Yazid, Asep Suryana, Dadang Sugiana, and Neni Yulianita

The Application of ICT in the Circulation Services of the University Library, Federal University, Lokoja-, Nigeria. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2798) , oladimeji Eyitayo Yemi-Peters, Victoria Sokari, Kemi J. Olayemi, Zainab Abba Haliru, and Umar G. Gama Dr.

Awareness Of Internet of Things And Its Potential In Enhancing Academic Library Service Delivery In A Developing Country (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2831) , Felicia Yusuf Dr, Goodluck Ifijeh, and Sola Owolabi

Role of Public Libraries in Promoting Youth Participation in Agriculture in Nigeria: Information as a Key Driver (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2877) , Felicia Omorinola Yusuf Dr., Sola Emmanuel Owolabi Mr, Michael Opeyemi Fagbohun Mr., Oyeronke Adebayo Mrs., and Juliana Iwu-James Mrs.

Dimensions of Health Information Behavior of the Poor Affected by Annual Flooding in East Bandung Region, Indonesia (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2692) , Pawit Muhamad Yusup Mr, Ninis Agustini Damayani Mrs, Priyo Subekti Mr, Dadang Sugiana, and Engkus Kuswarno

The Evaluation of organizational climate in college libraries and its relation with clients’ satisfaction (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2769) , Farzad Zabani, Maryam Shekofteh (Corresponding authour), Maryam Kazerani, and Farid Zayeri

Evaluation of Digital Library Services at Virtual Faculties of Universities in Iran from the Perspective of Graduate Students (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3553) , Maryam Zarghani, Niloofar Mohaghegh, Mohammad Reza Alibeik, Nima Motamed, and Afsaneh Dehnad

Possible uses of web 3.0 in websites of Libraries of Academic Institutions of Pakistan. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3027) , Dr. Muhammad waseem muhammad zia and Faiz Ahmed Mr.

Academic use of smart phones for social development of visually impaired students of University of Karachi: A study of android Smartphone applications by VI students. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3026) , Dr. Muhammad waseem muhammad zia and syeda shireen zehra Miss

2018

Assessment of Information Literacy Skills among Students of Alagappa University, India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2083) , Alagu . A and Thanuskodi S

Awareness and Use of ICT among Undergraduate Students of Rural Areas in Dindigul District: A Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2084) , Alagu A and Thanuskodi S

User Perception of Electronic Information Resources: A Case Study of Alagappa College of Arts and Science, Tamilnadu, India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1909) , Alagu A and Thanuskodi S

Training and Development of Library Staff: A Case of Two University Libraries in Ghana (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1794) , Samuel Abban

Curriculum And Textbook Program Development Provision Comparison In China, Mexico, The Caribbean And Nigeria: The Way Forward (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2039) , Babafemi RICHARD Adebayo

THE ROLE OF ICT IN PROVISION OF LIBRARY SERVICES: A PANACEA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1951) , ODUNOLA ADEFUNKE ADEBAYO Mrs, Yakub Olayinka Ahmed Mr, and R. Toyin ADENIRAN Mrs

Investigating Occupational Burnout in Library Personnel (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1770) , Oyeronke Adebayo, Chidi Deborah Segun-Adeniran, Michael Opeoluwa Fagbohun, and Odaro Osayande ADOPTION FACTORS OF INTEGRATED LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (ILMS) IN SELECTED NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1994) , Adebayo Muritala Adegbore Ph.D

21st Century Library Use Skills (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2469) , Azeez Adebamgbola ADEOYE

BIBLIOMETIRC ANALYSIS OF SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA LITERATURE ON NIGERIA LISTED IN PUBMED BETWEEN 2006 AND 2016 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1923) , Omolayo A. Adesina Ms. and Adeola O. Opesade Dr

Mentoring Practices and Years of Work Experience as Predictors of Job Performance of Cataloguers in a Workplace: A Case Study of Nigerian Libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1805) , Olugbenga Wale Adewuyi

Healthy lifestyles and job performance of Academics: A theoretical perspectives (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2251) , Idayat Odunola Agboola MRS and Chinyere Nkechi Ikonne Dr

Harnessing the Potentials of Editing Services by Library Professionals and English Graduates in Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2165) , philip chike Aghadiuno

Managing Community Information Centres (CICs) for Effective Provision of Health Information tral Women (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2072) , Obianuju Maureen AGWUNA and Uchechukwu Victoria ENWEANI

Information Needs and Information Seeking Behavior of Krobo Beads Producers in the Eastern Region of Ghana (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1789) , Beatrice Korkor Agyemang; Patrick Ngulube; and Luyande Dube Prof. Department of Information Science, University of South Africa-Pretoria

Research challenges and delayed gratification in information seeking behavior: a case study of research scholars (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2028) , fahimeh ahmadian and M. Chandrashekara Prof.

The effect of globalization on the national criminal law systems (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2727) , Shirin Ahmadi Dastjerdi and Abbas Sheikholeslami

Correlation between journal citation indices for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Journals (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2018) , Shakil Ahmad

An assessment of the impact and visibility of United Arab Emirates Journals (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1747) , Shakil Ahmad, Abu Waris, Isam Mohammed Abdel-Magid, and Md Sohail

A 10-Year Bibliometric Study of Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2128) , Ishtiaq Ahmed and Midrar Ullah

Availability of Library Facilities, Knowledge Sharing as Determinants of Job Performance of Library Staff in Southwest Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1784) , Olatunji F. Ajegbomogun and Olubukola Basirat Diyaolu

Technology Acceptance Model Limitations and Criticisms: Exploring the Practical Applications and Use in Technology-related Studies, Mixed-method, and Qualitative Researches (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1941) , Patrick Ajibade

Information Management as a Nexus to Promote the use of Indigenous Medicine and Enhance Public Healthcare Delivery: A Bibliometric Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2169) , Patrick Ajibade (PhD) and Stephen M. Mutula Prof.

Information Management as Nexus to Promote Indigenous Medicine Use to Enhance Public Healthcare Delivery: A Bibliometric Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2089) , Patrick Ajibade (PhD) and Stephen M. Mutula Prof.

Bibliometric Analysis of Citation Trends and Publications on E-government in Southern African Countries: A Human-computer Interactions and IT Alignment Debate (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2156) , Patrick Ajibade (PhD) and Stephen S.M. Mutula Prof.

Information Need of Distance Learners in Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1940) , Adetola Akanbiemu

Application of Barcode Technology in Landmark University Centre for Learning Resources, Omu-Aran Experience (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2088) , Lawal M. Akanbi Dr.; M. T. Bashorun, Dr.; Usman A. Salihu Mr.; Grace O. Babafemi Mrs.; Kabir Sulaiman; and S. O. Kolajo

Psychosocial Consequences of Intensive Internet Use among Undergraduates of Universities in Ilorin Metropolis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1761) , M. L. Akanbi, Kabir Alabi Sulaiman, and Ismail Olatunji Adeyemi

Provision of Effective Rural Library Services for Users' Satisfaction in Anambra State (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1807) , Pearl Chidinma Akanwa, Obiageli Martina Ilika, and Adaora Joy Udo-Anyanwu

Funding, Communication and Marketing as Correlates of Library Service Delivery to Persons With Hearing Impairment, PWHI, in Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1712) , Johnson A. Akerele, Rotimi Adesina Egunjobi, Akin Awoyemi, and Samuel O. Ogunniyi

Funding, Communication and Marketing as Correlates of Library Service Delivery to Persons With Hearing Impairment in Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1718) , Johnson Ayodeji Akerele

THE ROLE OF INFORMATION LITERACY IN THE ACTUALIZATION OF HEALTHY LIVING: A CASE STUDY OF ABIA STATE (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2174) , Juliana Obiageri Akidi PhD, CLN

APPLICATION OF ICT TO CATALOGUING AND CLASSIFICATION FOR EFFECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL IN THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF NIGERIA: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2173) , Juliana Obiageri Akidi PhD, CLN and Chinyere A. Okezie PhD, CLN

Awareness and use of electronic databases by postgraduates in the University of Ibadan. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2065) , Ayodele O. Akinola, Oludare A. Shorunke, Stephen A. Ajayi, Oluwaseun O. Odefadehan, and Femi L. Ibikunle Scientometric methods for the evaluation of hemophilia research (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1866) , Vellaichamy Alagarsamy and Jeyshankar Ramalingam

Mapping the Research Productivity of Three Medical Sciences Journals Published in Saudi Arabia: A Comparative Bibliometric Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2053) , Ahmad A. Alanazi, Zameer Baladi, and Ikram Ul Haq

Web Based Services Provided by University Libraries of BRICS Nations: A Comparative Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2198) , Asifa Ali, Masood Ahmad Bhat, and Shabir Ahmad Ganaie

Visibility of Iranian LIS Departments in ResearchGate: An Altmetric Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2085) , Rahim Alijani, Seyedeh Fahimeh Mortazavipour Mrs., and Ali Akbar Khasseh

ARCHIVAL RECORDS AND MANUSCRIPT COLLECTIONS IN SELECTED POLYTECHNIC LIBRARIES IN NORTH-CENTRAL, NIGERIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1933) , MULIKAT B. ALIYU, TUNDE I. YUSUF, and RUKAYAT S. OWOLABI

Citation Analysis of Doctoral Theses in Education, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1721) , Yahaya Aliyu

Challenges to Library and Information Services (LIS) Delivery in the 21st Century: the Situation in three Academic Libraries in , Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2075) , Nkechi M. AMAECHI PhD., Uchechukwu Victoria ENWEANI, and Catherine Chinyere EKE

Educators’ Perception of Accreditation Processes in University-based Library and Information Science Schools in South-East, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1708) , Nkechi M. Amaechi, Gertrude C. Umunnakwe, and Oyemike Victor Benson

An Assessment of the Resources and Services Provision for the Disabled Library Users in University of Ilorin and Federal College of Education (Special) Oyo. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1818) , O. Zainab Ambali, A. Saliu Usman, and Olabisi F. Adesina

Read or Perish: Reading Habits among Students and its Effect on Academic Performance: A Case Study of Eastbank Senior High School - Accra. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1748) , Samuel Kwame Ameyaw and Sylvester Kwabena Anto

Assessing the Different Dimensions of the Portal Quality of Provinces of Public Libraries Based on the Delone and McLean Intelligence Success Model (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1792) , Elahe Amir Inanloo and Fatemeh Mohammad Beigi

Examination of SAVE marketing mix situation in public libraries of Tehran (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1726) , Elahe Amir Inanloo, Atefeh Zarei, and Mohsen Haji Zeinolabedini

Postgraduate Students' Perception Towards the Use of ICT in Research in Ghanaian Public Universities (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1737) , Samuel Ankamah, Harry Akussah, and Musah Adams

The Use of Electronic Resources Postgraduate students of the University of Cape Coast (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1632) , Ebenezer Ankrah and Diana Atuase

Library and Information (LIS) Research Topics in Indonesia from 2006 to 2017 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1773) , Nove E. Variant Anna, Endang Fitriyah Mannan, Dyah Puspitasari Srirahayu, and Fitri Mutia

Mapping and Analyzing the Co-authorship and Thematic Networks of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in the Science Citation Database from 2011-2016 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1865) , Masoumeh Ansari, Mostafa Karimi, and Mehrdad Khaledian

Assessment Of Health Literacy Level In 18-30 Year-Old Adults, An Iranian Experience (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1850) , Masoumeh Ansari, Fatemeh Mohammad-moradi, Mehrdad Khaledian, Maryam Shekofteh, and Ali valinejadi

The Role Of Social Networks In The Scientific Exchange Of Librarians: A Case Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1837) , Masoumeh Ansari, Elham Shahdadnezhad, Mehrdad Khalidian, and Maryam Poorsani

Building Public Library Collection in India: A Study of Book and Non-book Material (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2041) , Mehtab Alam Ansari Dr. and Shamim Aktar Munshi

Impact of Online Reading on Skills of Professionals (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1753) , Munira Nasreen Ansari

RETROSPECTIVE CONVERSION OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS: KOHA EXPERIENCE OF NIALS LIBRARY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1901) , Uluocha Anyaogu Mrs.

Application of Interpersonal Communication in Reference and Information Services in University Libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1793) , Wisdom O. Anyim

Assessment of ICT Literacy Skills of Digital Library Users and Staff in Salem University Lokoja, Kogi (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1801) , Wisdom O. Anyim

E-Library Resources and Services: Improvement and Innovation of Access and Retrieval for Effective Research Activities in University E-libraries in Kogi State Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1647) , Wisdom O. Anyim

Multimedia Instructional Resources for Effective Library User Education Programme in Universities in North-Central, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1821) , Wisdom O. Anyim

Digital Resources and Services awareness, use and other aspects among the students of JNTUK-Kakinada: a study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1891) , Kaladhar Arnepalli Mr., Doraswamy B.R Naick Dr, and Somasekhara Rao K Prof

Applied and Environmental Microbiology Journal: A Bibliometric Perception (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1861) , Rubinandhini A and Gomathi P Impact of Social Media on Ghanaian High School Students (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1914) , Frankie Asare-Donkoh

Impact of Library and Information Science Master's degree (MLIS) on the Graduates: A case study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1812) , Asefeh Asemi and Elham Aghajan

Artificial Intelligence(AI) application in Library Systems in Iran: A taxonomy study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1840) , Asefeh Asemi and Adeleh Asemi

Perceptions of Leadership and Skills Development in Academic Libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1724) , Mohammad Aslam

Attitude and Practices towards Marginalia: An exploratory study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2139) , Rabia Aslam

Perceptions and Expectations of Public Library Users in Lucknow (India): A Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2034) , SANA ASLAM and Dr. Sharad Kumar Sonker

The role of media in attracting audiances for public library:A case study on public libraries of Tehran (I.R.Iran) (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1885) , Amir Reza Asnafi, Mojtaba Rostami, and Mohsen Hajizeinolabedini

Use of Online Public Access Catalogue [OPAC] at Sadakathullah Appa College, Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu: A Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1926) , Dr. A.Thirumagal, M. Mani, and Dr. R.R.Saravanakumar

User Beware: Determining Vulnerability in Social Media Platforms for Users in Ghana (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1798) , Kodjo Atiso and Jenna Kammer

AN ANALYSIS OF QUALITY REFERENCE SERVICES DELIVERY AS PERCEIVED BY UNDERGRADUATES IN SELECTED UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN SOUTH- WEST, NIGERIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1751) , Anuoluwa Feyikemi Awodoyin Ph.D and Lenrie Olatokunbo Aina Prof.

International Coalition of Library Consortia (ICOLC): Exploring the Diversity and Strength of Participating Library Consortia (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2115) , Arshia Ayoub, Sumeera Amin, and ZAHID ASHRAF WANI Dr.

Assessing The Role And Position Of The Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) At Sam Jonah Library, University Of Cape Coast. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1897) , EUGENE BAAH YEBOAH

Factors Influencing Behavioral Intention to the Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) among Students of Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro. . Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2153) , Oludayo Babalola

Digitized Collection in Higher Educational Institutions Around the Globe (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1931) , sumaira baba, irfan ui-haq akhoon university of kashmir, and Dr. shabir ahmed ganaie university of kashmir

Implementation of 5S Methodology in Public Libraries: Readiness Assessment (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1636) , Zahra Bahadorpoor, Masoumeh Tajafari, and Azam Sanatjoo

Comparison of Evidence Based Medicine resources on Responses to Clinical Questions on Diabetes (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2434) , Razieh bahramian, Hossein VakiliMofrad, Liyla Masuomi, and Alireza Soltanian

Comparative Bibliometric Analysis of Six Health Science Journals Published in Pakistan 2006-2015 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2001) , Zameer Hussain Baladi and Ikram Ul Haq

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences: A Bibliometric Assessment from 1998-2012. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1743) , Zameer Hussain Baladi, Ikram Ul Haq, Manzoor Hussain, and Gulnaz Elahi

The nexus between digitization, preservation and access in the context of selection of materials for archives (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1893) , Tolulope Balogun

Open access to legal resources in South Africa: the benefits and challenges (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1892) , Siviwe Bangani

Pattern of usage of internet among Students of Federal University Oye-Ekiti, , Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1887) , Olubanke Mofoluwaso Bankole and Gboyega Adio

Internet of Things: Beginning of New Era for Libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2081) , Alka Bansal, Dipti Arora, and Alka Suri

Utilization of library resources by lecturers in university of cape coast (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2932) , Kwaku Anhwere Barfi Mr., Paulina Afful-Arthur Mrs, and Emmanuel Manu Agyapong Mr

The Internet Users and Cybercrime in Ghana: Evidence from Senior High School in Brong Ahafo Region (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1715) , Kwaku Anhwere Barfi Mr., Paul Nyagorme Dr., and Nash Yeboah Mr.

Authorship Distribution and Collaboration in LIS Open Access Journals: A Scopus based analysis during 2001 to 2015 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2033) , Nilaranjan Barik and Puspanjali Jena

Knowledge of Electronic Databases as Predictors Research Productivity of Academic Staff in Nigerian Private Universities (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1780) , ADETOMIWA BASIRU, Oshiotse Andrew Okwilagwe, and EMMANUEL LAYI ADEBAYO

Do Citations make Impact on Social Media? : An Altmetric Analysis of Top Cited Articles of University of Madras, South India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1795) , Sadik Batcha M

Research Output Analysis of Most Productive Universities of Tamil Nadu, India : A Scientometric Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2118) , Sadik Batcha M Research Output Analysis of Top Six Universities of Tamil Nadu, India : A Scientometric View (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1854) , Sadik Batcha M

Testing of Lotka’s law and its Suitability to research productivity of Annamalai University, A Higher Education Institution, South India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2197) , Sadik Batcha M

Open Access Movement: Reception And Acceptance By Academic Libraries In Developing Countries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2023) , Roseline Bawack and Prudence Nkolo

ANALYSIS OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION WITH LIBRARY SERVICES AT THE SOKOINE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL LIBRARY (SNAL) IN MOROGORO REGION IN TANZANIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1899) , George Bea, Dr.Albogast K. Musabila, and Daniel Deogratus

Survey of Bibliotherapy in Hospital Libraries of Iran Based on SWOT Model (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2168) , Hassan Behzadi Dr, Tayebeh Naser Delshad, and Iraj Radad Dr

EXAMINING INTERNET USAGE PATTERNS ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF MARGINALISED COMMUNITIES: THE CASE OF COMMUNITY INFORMATION CENTRES IN GHANA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1870) , Stephen Bekoe, Kodjo Atiso, Daniel Azerikatoa Ayoung, Lucy Dzandu, and Kennedy Kubuga Kumangkem

Student Engagement and adjustment to College among Undergraduate Students (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1889) , Abdelmadjid Benraghda, Zohra Goudih, and Ssekamanya Siraje Abdallah

Technical Oral Presentation Delivery: Qualitative Analysis of Engineering Undergraduates’ Impediments to Effective Oral Presentations in an Engineering Context (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1888) , Abdelmadjid Benraghda, Noor Raha Radzuan, and Zuraina Ali

Mapping the Research productivity in University of Petroleum and Energy Studies: A scientometric approach (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1972) , Jayanta Bhakta and Trishna Bhui

Essentials of Marketing Management in LIS (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1987) , R K. Bhatt and DIVYANSHU GUPTA

Trend Of Public Library Research In India: A Bibliometric Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1826) , TRISHNA BHUI and Sanjukta Sahoo

A Comparative Study on the Marketing Status of Library Services in Iran: A Case Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2066) , Ali Biranvand and Saeed Ghaffari

Prioritizing the Effective Factors on Knowledge Commercialization Using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process: A Case Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2094) , Ali Biranvand and Hassan Seif

SRELS Journal of Information Management: A Gender Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2189) , GARIMA BISARIA and Dr.Babita Jaiswal

An analytical study on ministerial organizations status in the historiography of Ravandi (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1848) , Reza Bitarafan, Fereydoon Allahyari, and Ali Akbar Kajbaf

Are users satisfied with resources and services? The case of Webster University Ghana Campus Library (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2013) , Ernest Boakye

User Awareness Program in the Rural Libraries of Dibrugarh and Sivasagar: A Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2654) , Anurag Borpatra Gohain

Identifying Non-Use of Library Services by Faculty in a Ghanaian University (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1790) , Edward Mensah Borteye, Kodjo Atiso, and Afia Densi Asare-Kyire KNUST

Students’ Attitude towards Social Networking Sites (SNSs): A Case Study of Central Institute of Technology (CIT) Kokrajhar, Assam (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1878) , Krishna Brahma Miss and Manoj Kumar Verma Dr.

File (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/libphilprac/article/4824/type/native/viewcontent)

Influences on Library Liaison and Faculty Collaboration in Collection Development (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1691) , Tim Butzen

Librarian in a new Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1920) , Bharat Chaudhari

Faculty Usage of Academic Social Networking Sites: A Comparative Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2162) , Jayati Chaudhuri and Sarah Baker

Evaluation in use of KOHA Library Management Software in OPJGU, Sonipat (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2070) , KAUSHAL CHAUHAN

Measuring Research Performance of Himachal Pradesh institutions: using citation analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2049) , Suresh K. Chauhan

NETWORKING OF ENGINEERING COLLEGE LIBRARIES IN ANDHRA PRADESH: A PROPOSAL (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2017) , C. Chinna Balu chinna

An analysis of Research publication on Colorectal Cancer in Asian Countries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1932) , Dr Murugan Chinnaraj and Richa Narzary

Publication meant for highly quality research through LIS in India: The Special Reference to DESIDOC Journal of Library and Information Technology (DJLIT). (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2031) , Baskaran C. Chinnasamy Kavitha and C. Baskaran

A SCENARIO OF SPECIAL LIBRARIES AND ICT APPLICATION IN THE STATE OF ASSAM: A STUDY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2045) , Tehra Akhter Choudhury, Mukutor Rahman, and Pronab Kumar Barooah 7562401 EFFECT OF LIBRARY SERVICES ON THE EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ABIA STATE: A STUDY OF IGBERE SECONDARY SCHOOL IGBERE. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1847) , Chukwuemeka Chukwueke MNLA

Awareness, Access and Utilization of Family Planning Information in , Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1771) , Charles Nwabueze Chukwuji; Aliyu Gadanga Tsafe PhD; Sule, Sayudi; Zainab Yusuf; and Ja'afar Zakarriya

Autocratic Leadership Style: Obstacle to Success in Academic Libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2019) , joseph chukwusa

THE LIBRARIAN IN THE DIGITAL AGE: A PREFERRED NOMENCLATURE, PERCEPTIONS OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS IN IMO STATE NIGERIA. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1973) , Scholastica A.J. Chukwu, Nkeiru Emezie, Ngozi Maria Nwaohiri, and Ngozi Chima-James

INFORMATION SEARCH TECHNOLOGIES AND ACADEMIC LIBRARY DATABASES IN A NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1825) , scholastica chukwu and Ifeoma Stella Njoku

Users’ Perception for Quality Service Delivery in Albert Ilesanmi Ilemobode Library, Federal University Of Technology Akure (FUTA) (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1988) , Ishola Bolanle Clifford Mr, Peter Oluwaseyi, Egbewale Funmilola Afolake, Emida Adenike Adesola, and Olanlokun Eunice Olayinka

Expectations on Library Services, Library Quality (LibQual) Dimension and Library Customer Satisfaction: Relationship to Customer Loyalty (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1706) , ARLYN SELGA CRISTOBAL

Resurgent Faith Traditions and Information and Library Theory and Practice (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1911) , Bill Crowley

Use of Library resources, services and facilities among UG students of Forestry College at Ponnampet, Kodagu District, Karnataka state: A case study. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2116) , Shivappa C R and Prof. M. Veerabasavaiah M

Research Output of Indian Women Scientists in the field of Physics and Astronomy: A Scientometrics study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1903) , Bebi Dabas and Shailendra Kumar

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CAREER CHOICE OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE STUDENT’S IN FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC EDE, OSUN STATE (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1871) , Abata-Ebire Blessing Damilola (Mrs), Stephen Adekunle AJAYI, and Adebowale Jeremy ADETAYO

The Role of School Libraries in Promoting Reading Culture Among Secondary School Students : a case study of Federal Government College, Jos (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2058) , Diyoshak Rhoda Danladi and Soko Rejoice Yohanna

Preservation and Conservation of Serials Collection in Selected Academic Libraries in , Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2132) , Folake Rachael Dare Mrs and Daniel Olusegun Ikegune Mr

Challenging the internet, the predator of libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1964) , Sandip Das and Shiv Shakti Ghosh

Evaluation of eHealth Literacy among Non-Clinical Graduate Students; An Iranian Experience (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1856) , Meisam Dastani, Masoumeh Ansari, and Masoumeh Sattari

A STUDY ON THE USE OF OPEN GOVERNMENT LEARNING RESOURCES BY THE RESEARCH SCHOLARS OF UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1894) , Dipankar Debnath

A Survey on using online database by faculty members and graduate students at Shahid Beheshti University (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1980) , Neda Dehghani, Amir Reza Asnafi, and Mohsen Hajizeinolabedini

Assessing the Use of Information and Communication Technology in Teaching and Learning in Secondary Schools (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2003) , De- Graft Johnson Dei

Exploring the extent to which Universities in Ghana Deploy Knowledge Management Processes in their Activities (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2193) , De-Graft Johnson Dei and Thomas Bingle van der Walt

The Effect of Motivation and Job Performance on Library Personnel Effectiveness in Universities Libraries in Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2042) , Toyin Dina and Grace Olubunmi Olowosoke

Influence of Demographic Characteristics on Utilisation of EIRs by Postgraduate Students in Three Selected Universities in South-west Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2105) , Olubukola Basirat Diyaolu Mrs and Basirat Olubukola Diyaolu Mrs

Awareness and Utilization of Electronic Library Resources by Students of Tamale Technical University, Ghana (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2078) , kojo dukper bawa, Sakibu Bawa mr., and Beatrice Arthur Mrs

School Libraries and Students’ Academic Achievements in Bunkpurugu- Yunyoo District of Northern Ghana (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1736) , Kojo Bawa Dukper Mr., Baffour Ohene Agyekum Mr., and Banleman Konlan Mr.

Contextualization of the Information Literary Background in Nigeria Education Sector (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1992) , Oluwole O. Durodolu PhD

Information Literacy, Self-Concept and Metacognitive Ability of Teacher-Librarians at the University of Zululand (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1673) , Oluwole Olumide Durodolu Dr

AN ASSESSMENT OF PRESERVATION ACTIVITIES IN SCHOOL LIBRARIES (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2022) , Okonkwo Ebubechukwu, EVANGELINE NWANKWO Mrs, and ADEYEMI EMMANUEL TOSIN

BANK LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: ITS ROLES AND CHALLENGES (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2163) , Okonkwo Ebubechukwu and AMAKA UKA UDEH MRS THE ROLE OF PUBLIC LIBRARY IN FOSTERING NATIONAL INTEGRATION FOR DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF PORT HARCOURT LITERARY SOCIETY (PHLS) LIBRARY, PORT HARCOURT, , NIGERIA. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1713) , Mercy Echem, Patience Ebisemen Lulu-Pokubo, and Eberechi Ejuh

Information Retrieval Tools and Library Physical Environment as Correlates of Library Utilization by Students in Rivers State University Library, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1772) , Mercy Echem and Adaora Joy UDO-ANYANWU

INFLUENCE OF ADMINISTRATIVE EFFECTIVENESS ON WORK ETHICS OF LIBRARY PERSONNEL: THE CASE OF KENNETH DIKE LIBRARY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1918) , Edward Omoregbee Eguavoen Prince

Transforming Library and Information Services Delivery Using Innovation Technologies (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2036) , Ogar Christopher Eje Mr and Tangkat Yusuf Dushu Mr.

Evaluation of Online Reference Services: Reflections from Nigeria Academic Libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1777) , vincent onyeacholam Ekwelem mr, Helen N. Okpala Mrs, Josephine C. Igbokwe Mrs., and Chukwunaza N. Ekwelem Mr

GROWTH OF SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS: AN ANALYSIS OF TOP TEN COUNTRIES (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1958) , B Elango

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLE OF SCHOOL LIBRARIES (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2196) , Abiola Bukola ELATUROTI

Stepping Up The Ladder To Meet User Needs: Innovative Library Services And Practices In A Nigerian University Of Technology. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1767) , Nkeiru Emezie

Challenges of Managing University Libraries in Contemporary Digital Environment (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2073) , Uchechukwu Victoria Victoria ENWEANI

Marketing Strategies of Chukwuemeka Odimegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Amaku, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2074) , Uchechukwu Victoria Victoria ENWEANI

Information Needs and Seeking Behaviour of Engineering Lecturers in Nigerian Universities: The Case of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1939) , Uche Enweani CLN and Ndidi Grace Nwankwo

A STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE AND USAGE OF ELECTRONIC RESOURCES BY THE SC/ST RESEARCH SCHOLARS AND PG STUDENTS AMONG PERIYAR UNIVERSITY AFFILIATED COLLEGES (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1999) , Kavitha ES

Impact of Electronic Security Systems in the Security of Information Resources in Federal University Libraries in Southern Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2110) , CHIOMA AUGUSTA EZEABASILI

Use of Electronic Security Systems in the Security of Information Resources in Federal University Libraries in Southern Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2109) , CHIOMA AUGUSTA EZEABASILI

The study of the relationship between perceived richness of information resources at Academic library and attitude towards using them (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1764) , Mohammad Reza Farhadpoor

Investigation of the Effective Factors on Unwillingness of the Adolescents and Youth from Public Libraries' Services (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2112) , Mohammad Reza Farhadpoor and Khadijeh Kalhori

Citation analysis of projects submitted to the Department of Chemistry and Petroleum Engineering of Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1775) , Joseph Kehinde Fasae

Digital Object Identifier and their Use in Accessing Online Scholarly Materials in Africa (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1785) , Joseph Kehinde Fasae and Chuks Daniel Oriogu

Bibliometric Analysis of Cited References in Commerce Journals (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1835) , Nishat Fatima

Debut Online Library Registration at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, Patrons’ Opinions Survey and the Good News (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2250) , Olufunmilayo I. Fati

The influence of Jobstreet.com toward the fulfillment of job vacancy information needs (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2284) , kiki fauziah and Agus Triyanto

Co-Authorship patterns and Topic Networks in the Scientific Publication of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1838) , Farzaneh Fazli, Mostafa Karimi, and Ronak Hamzehei

Changing Scholarly Trends of LIS Research in Asia: A Scientometric Study based on Scopus (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2206) , Vinod Kumar Gautam Mr. and Rajani Mishra Dr.

INFORMATION SEEKING BEHAVIOUR OF RURAL WOMEN ON FAMILY PLANNING IN EPE LOCAL GOVERNMENT, LAGOS. (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1853) , ADEOLA Esther GEORGE Mrs

AUTHORSHIP PATTERN AND COLLABORATIVE MEASURES IN THE FIELD OF CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1879) , Neelamma G Dr and Gavisiddappa A Dr

THE EFFECT OF LIBRARY SERVICES QUALITY TOWARDS ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION AND LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT OF UNDIKSHA STUDENTS ON BALI- INDONESIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1822) , Made Hery Wihardika Griadhi, Ni Ketut Suarni, AAI Ngurah Marhaeni, and I Made Sutajaya

Internet of Things and the Future Scope in Libraries (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2221) , Gana G S Assessment of Professionals’ Outlook on the Application of Electronic Security Systems in Select University Libraries of Northern India (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2167) , Parul Gupta Ms. and Madhusudhan Margam Dr.

Journal of Information Science: A Bibliometric Analysis (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1974) , Rushmanasab Gurikar, Gururaj S. Hadagali Assistant Professor, and Renuka S. Mulimani Senior Research Fellow

A Model of Prophetic-Liberation Communication Behavior: The Explanative Study of e-Literacy and Information Behavior among Islamic Academics in Indonesia (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2068) , Ade Abdul Hak, Tine Silvana Rachmawati, Agus Rusmana, and Asep Saeful Muhtadi

Influence of Performance Expectancy and Facilitating Conditions on use of Digital Library by Engineering Lecturers in universities in South-west, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1620) , Saheed Hamzat and Iyabo Mabawonku

Influence of Performance Expectancy and Facilitating Conditions on use of Digital Library by Engineering Lecturers in universities in South-west, Nigeria (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1670) , Saheed Hamzat and Iyabo Manawonku

Online Health Information Seeking Behavior among Iranian Pregnant Women: A Case Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1659) , Ronak Hamzehei, Maryam Kazerani (Corresponding Author), Maryam Shekofteh, and Manoochehr Karami

Literature on Dental and Oral Health by King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Saudi Arabia; A Bibliometric Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1886) , Ikram Ul Haq and Khalid Al-Fouzan

Allied medical sciences students' experiences with technology: are they digitally literate? (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2040) , Abbas Harati, Shahabedin Rahmatizadeh, and Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi

Personal Information Management of Urban Youth (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1944) , Dessy Harisanty

Library and Information Science Blogs in India: An Evaluative Study (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2091) , Lun Haumin and Madhusudhan Margam

Awareness of Web 2.0 Technology in the Academic Libraries : An Islamabad Perspective (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1945) , Abid Hussain Hussain

ANALYSIS OF URDU LANGUAGE COLLECTION IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2063) , Iftikhar Hussain Mr., Muhammad Shahzad Chaudhry Dr., and Imran Ghaffar Sulehri

Provision Of Reference And Information Services To The Physically Challenged Persons In Nigeria: Challenges And Prospects (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2184) , Ogagaoghene U. Idhalama

Towards Curbing Plagiarism in Higher Institutions of Learning: The Strategic Role of the Library (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2114) , Jerome Idiegbeyan-ose Dr, Goodluck Ifijeh Mr, Chidi Deborah Segun-Adeniran, Ugwunwa Esse, Sola Owolabi, and Ayooluwa Aregbesola

Book Censorship in Nigeria: A study of Origin, Methods and Motivations, 1805-2018 (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1954) , EMMANUEL IFEDUBA

Role of Infrastructure Adequacy in the Adoption of Digital Book Production and Distribution Hardware (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1969) , EMMANUEL IFEDUBA

Validation of Digital Publishing Innovation Adoption Framework (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1965) , EMMANUEL IFEDUBA

UTILIZATION OF ACADEMIC LIBRARY RESOURCES FOR RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY AMONG LECTURERS IN PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA (https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2071) , Blessing Ajelomohie Ifijeh Miss, Monday Obaidjevwe Ogbomo Dr, and Goodluck Ifijeh Mr

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University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln

11-19-2019

Information seeking behavior in academic assignments using smartphone among elementary school students

Rahma Sugihartati

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Part of the Educational Sociology Commons, and the Information Literacy Commons

Information seeking behavior in academic assignments using smartphone among elementary school students

Rahma Sugihartati Department of Library and Information Sciences Faculty of Social and Political Sciences Airlangga University

Abstract This article discusses information seeking behavior developed by elementary school students in completing academic assignments, their reasons for using smartphone to find information related to academic assignments, and students' opinions about the role of school libraries. All data presented in this article are the results of a study on 500 elementary school students in four major cities in East Java Province, Indonesia, namely Surabaya, Malang, Madiun and Malang. This study found that there has been a change in information seeking behavior among elementary students who no longer rely solely on information from textbooks in the libraries. The students have become part of the YouTube Generation that uses more social media (YouTube) via smartphone. According to the elementary school students, YouTube is a social media platform that provides information that is easily understood, while Google offers unlimited information. Students' confidence in the library as a source of information began to fade. Students in the millennial era often perceived libraries as sources of information from school textbooks, not as sources of information that are able to provide broad and varied information. To maintain the existence of school libraries, the role of school librarians that is urgently developed in the future is that librarians must change the way of learning and the choice of information sources among YouTube generation by collaborating with teachers in developing digital and information literacy skill among students.

Keywords: Information seeking behavior; Academic assignments; Elementary school students; YouTube generation; School librarians

1. Introduction Studies of information seeking behavior so far have been conducted on groups of adults and focused on daily life, work, and other fields (Eriksson-Backa et al., 2018; Mansour & Ghuloum, 2017; Mowbray et al., 2018; Wellings & Casselden, 2019). Whereas, studies of information seeking behavior among students are more focused on high school students and undergraduate students (Al-Daihani, 2018; Kwasitsu & Chiu, 2019; Lee & Song, 2015; Madden et al., 2006; Nicholas et al., 2009). Indeed there are not many information seeking behavior studies conducted on elementary school students. Even if there are ones, the studies usually focus on information searching strategies and psychological aspects, such as life satisfaction and loneliness (Liu et al., 2013; Vanderschantz et al., 2014). To date, there have not been many studies of information seeking behavior in using smartphone conducted on elementary school students. This article was written based on a study that examined information seeking behavior among elementary school students when they did academic assignments using smartphone.

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Smartphone is an information and communication technology that has changed the way people communicate, find information, and carry out daily activities. Various applications that can be installed on smartphone have resulted in an incredible increase in the number of users. Utilizing smartphone has evolved into a habit and led to dependency, which ultimately makes smartphone use increasingly pervasive (Oulasvirta et al., 2012; Park et al., 2013). There have been many studies that examined the uses of smartphone in various life contexts, including work-related use at home and private use at work (Dora et al., 2019), travel (Wang et al., 2016), advertising (Martins et al. ., 2019), and hospitality industry (Wang et al., 2016). In the millennial era, one of the interesting and important subjects of information seeking behavior research is students, but - as mentioned above - research on students is not as much as research on adults. Since the period of 1999-2008, from all information behavior studies, it was found that only about 19.4% studies focused on students (Julien et al., 2011). Before the use of social media and smartphone increased, studies of information seeking behavior of students were only related to web searching, online library catalogs, and electronic encyclopedias (Borgman et al., 1995; Fidel, 1999; Hargittai, 2010; Hirsh, 1997; Kuiper et al., 2005; Marchionini, 1989; Wallace et al., 2000). However, when the use of smartphone and social media was widespread among people, Bowler et al. (2018) were interested in conducting a study of information seeking behavior among children. When the internet can be accessed from a personal computer or laptop, children can use internet to find information at home and in the library. Moreover, when mobile phones are also easy to use, children increasingly have the opportunity to use mobile phones to obtain information (Bowler et al., 2018). Many studies have found that children from the Internet generation tended to do various activities via smartphone (Turner, 2015; Zhitomirsky-Geffet & Blau, 2017). It can be said that smartphone cannot be separated from their daily lives (Sunday & Ansari, 2017), even they are exposed and use mobile media devices since they are 6 months to 4 years old (Kabali et al., 2015). Using many applications on smartphone, they can communicate, build friendships, read information, and search for any information (Bae, 2015; Tariq et al., 2018; Zilka, 2018a). When innovation and smartphone usage are increasingly pervasive, their information seeking behavior tendency is facilitated by the technology. Because they are familiar with smartphone, they also try to seek information for completing academic assignments by using smartphone (Asplund et al., 2018). Although children have limited understanding of information searching, in reality they struggle independently using the internet via smartphone to obtain information (Danovitch, 2019). Because they grow up in an internet technology environment, children consider the internet, which can be accessed from gadget devices, to be one source of information that provides reliable knowledge (Wang et al. 2019). This study examined information seeking behavior of elementary school students in completing their academic assignments. Broadly speaking, the problems examined were: 1. How is the information seeking behavior of elementary school students in solving academic assignments using smartphone? 2. What are the reasons for elementary students using smartphone to seek information related to academic assignments? 3. What do students think about the school library in supporting the completion of their academic assignments?

2. Literature review 2.1. Information needs and students’ information seeking behavior

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Studies of information behavior are developed by understanding that information seeking behavior of human exists because of an impulse in the form of information needs. Early studies of information needs were conceptualized, among others, as anomalous state of knowledge (Belkin, 1982), uncertainty (Kuhlthau, 1993), and gap (Dervin, 1983). Spink and Cole (2004) said that information needs emerge because humans are creatures who want to solve their problems or want to become problem solver. Cole (2012) also perceived information need as a factor that causes people to engage in information seeking behavior. Cole (2012) stated that information need is an adaptive human mechanism that drives people to seek out, recognize, and then adapt to changes in their social and physical environments. From many definitions of information needs, Savolainen (2017) has reviewed and divided information needs into two definitions. The first definition is that information need may be conceived as a trigger providing an initial impetus to information seeking. Second, information need may be approached as a driver keeping information seeking in motion for a longer time. In information behavior studies, students are interpreted as information seekers who do not understand how to find information in large databases of various kinds (Large et al., 1998). Smartphone devices are the technology of choice that provides fast access points so that the information needed can be found (Burford & Park, 2014). In the academic context, elementary school students try to seek information through smartphone that are considered to provide convenience and speed to complete school assignments. The increasing choice and rate of adoption among students have opened the possibility for smartphone to become very reliable as a tool to find information in dealing with academic problems. The selection and preference of information sources are two of the processes in a series of information behavior activities. According to Sonnenwald (1999), the concept of information horizon provides a starting point for understanding the preferences of information sources. Information horizon may consist of various information resources, such as friends, libraries, books, documents, information retrieval tools, and web pages. Indeed, many concepts have been developed to refer to an understanding of information sources, such as ‘information world’ (Shenton and Dixon, 2003) and ‘information universe’ (Chatman, 1992). In their study, Savolainen and Kari (2004) classified various sources of information and channels in an order of preference to meet the requirements of information seeking. The classification of the information horizon is based on one's conception of the characteristics of information sources, especially accessibility and quality. Their study resulted in the placement of various sources of information in three zones of relevance, one of which was network sources. Network sources are preferred source of internet information and home pages (www) because of their accessibility and opportunities to save time.

2.2. Smartphone use in information seeking Based on several studies (Absar et al., 2014; Joo & Sang, 2013; Kim et al., 2014), Zhitomirsky-Geffet and Blau (2017) have classified two types of information seeking behavior that tend to be developed together with the use of smartphone, namely social information seeking behavior and functional or cognitive information seeking behavior. Social information seeking behavior is the behavior of utilizing smartphone to consume social content for communication and participating in social interactions through smartphone actively and passively. Functional or cognitive information seeking behavior is defined as the behavior of searching, consuming, and learning cognitive or functional content using a smartphone as a platform that does not involve social interaction and communication with other users and simply relies on Google and other

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search engines. However, the activity of seeking information can also be done by combining the two types of information seeking behavior above. As Dresang (2005, 2009) stated, information behavior in the digital era is characterized by the principles of interactivity, connectivity, and access. Seeking information via a smartphone is not a single activity, but rather a behavior that involves activities of accessing, developing connectivity, and interacting through social media applications. It was previously known that smartphone technology usage tends to be widespread among students due to the presence of search engines to find academic information (78.7%) (Bomhold, 2013). The reason why smartphone are used for academic purposes is because of the speed factor. Students can get the information they need wherever and whenever. Motivation in utilizing mobile technology has also been studied using the theory of uses and gratification (Florenthal, 2018; Hiniker et al., 2016). Florenthal (2018) found that convenience is one of the reasons that motivates students to use mobile technology in classroom. Students feel comfortable to use mobile technology because of the convenience in operationalizing it.

3. Research method This study is a descriptive study. Five hundred elementary school students in four major cities in East Java Province, Indonesia, namely Surabaya, Malang, Madiun, and Malang, were interviewed. In each city, data were collected from several tutoring institutions that are usually attended by students from various schools. This study was intentionally conducted in tutoring institutions to obtain data of students from various types of schools. Interviews were conducted during recess when students waited for tutoring at the institutions or after they took tutoring. The samples or respondents in this study were elementary school students, from first grade to sixth grade, with details of cities as research locations as follows: in Surabaya as many as 200 students, in Malang as many as 100 students, in Madiun as many as 100 students, and Kediri as many as 100 students. Table 1 Distribution of schools of respondents School Frequency Percentage Public elementary school 403 80.6 Private religious-affiliated elementary school 74 14.8 Private elementary school 23 4.6 Total 500 100

Respondents were selected purposively. Respondent criteria were: (1) students who are studying in public or private elementary schools in the study locations; (2) owning a smartphone; and (3) subscribing to internet service on their smartphone. In addition, in-depth interviews were also conducted on a number of students to obtain deeper data. The data were explored using a semi-structured questionnaire that had been prepared. Further, in-depth interviews were conducted to obtain deeper qualitative data about students' views of the library. All data obtained from the field were processed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) program and then interpreted on tables.

4. Data findings and discussion 4.1.Popularity of YouTube as an information source in students’ information seeking behavior

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As students, respondents do not only learn in class, but they also often have to do school assignments from their teachers. In the learning system in Indonesia, every day the teachers do give assignments to students to deepen the mastery over learning materials and to train students to be skilled in doing school assignments. The references and information that students need to do school assignments were usually varied, depending on the school subject and learning material. According to the statements of the students, in the past month, the information needed to complete academic assignments was mostly information on how to make crafts (19%), rhymes or poetry (19.6%), sermons (16.4%), and math formulas (14%). Other respondents said the information they needed was often laboratory experiments (8.6%), math problems and how to solve them (6.4%), and questions about grammar usage and conversations in English (4.8%).

Table 2 Information needed from the internet to do academic assignments in the past month Information needed Frequency Percentage How to make crafts 95 19.0 Rhymes and poetry 98 19.6 Gymnastic movements 56 11.2 Video of laboratory experiments 43 8.6 Sermons 82 16.4 Formulas 70 14.0 Math problems and how to solve them 32 6.4 Questions about grammar usages and conversations in English 24 4.8 Total 500 100

The information that students need and look for, of course, depends on the assignments they have to do. Some information may be obtained by students from textbooks, but as part of the Internet generation, the information needed by students to do academic work is usually sought in cyberspace via smartphone. Nina (11 years old), a student from elementary school in Surabaya, for example, stated that it was much easier to seek the information she needed via a smartphone than to seek it in books in a library or bookstore. By a smartphone, students only need to enter certain keywords and they will immediately obtain information.

Dicky (11 years old), a student in Kediri, said that when he got group assignment to make handicraft, he and his friends decided to make ashtray from used milk tin. They got this idea after they browsed on the internet. In one YouTube video, Dicky and his friends watched an example of how to make a simple, but beautiful ashtray from a used milk tin. Meanwhile, Dinik (12 years old), an elementary school student in Malang who was assigned by his/her Indonesian language teacher to read poetry, initially confessed that he/she was confused about what poetry he/she should read and how to read good poetry. On the advice of his/her brother/sister, Dinik then searched for examples of poetry readings on Google and YouTube. He/she has watched a number of poetry reading techniques by famous artists and writer, which became a reference for him/her to choose and read good poetry. "Luckily, there are examples on YouTube," Dinik said.

Information needs of students are inseparable from academic assignments that are intended to construct knowledge and complete assignments. This is different from adults whose

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information needs are dominated by matters relating to work or daily activities. As found by Cole et al. (2013) in their research, students construct knowledge while they do school assignments. For this reason, students develop information searching behavior, always try to reduce information overload, improve search results, and enhance the usefulness of information delivered on mobile devices (Cole, 2012).

Table 3 School subjects whose information were sought via smartphone in the past month School subject(s) Frequently Infrequently Never Total % Total % Total % Total % Arts 305 61.0 141 28.2 54 10.8 500 100 Indonesian 298 59.6 113 22.6 89 17.8 500 100 Physical Education (P.E.) 156 31.2 293 58.6 51 10.2 500 100 Science 124 24.8 261 52.2 115 23.0 500 100 Islamic Education 254 50.8 128 25.6 118 23.6 500 100 Mathematics 313 62.6 165 33.0 22 4.4 500 100 English 189 37.8 231 46.2 80 16.0 500 100

In the past month, subjects whose information were sought by students on the internet tended to vary, depending on whether the teacher gave an assignment or not. The subjects whose information were the most frequently searched on the internet, according to students, were mathematics (62.6%), arts (61%), and Islamic education (50.8%). In addition, a number of other subjects also required students to search for information on the internet. Several students who were studied said that the mathematics class they attended did not merely require them to solve math problems, but sometimes also invited students to discuss the application of mathematics in daily life. To find examples of the application of mathematics in daily life, students then searched on the internet. In Islamic education class, teachers often did not only discuss material in class, but also asked students to search for some Islamic education information such as the benefits of fasting, correct prayers, etc., on the internet. Whereas in art class, students were usually assigned by the teacher to search for poetry, information about famous national and foreign writers, or famous plays that are often staged to increase students' knowledge.

Table 4 Information source preferences Information sources Frequently Infrequently Never Total % Total % Total % Total % Google 401 80.2 99 19.8 0.0 0.0 500 100 YouTube 453 90.6 47 9.4 0.0 0.0 500 100 WhatsApp Group 79 15.8 242 48.4 179 35.8 500 100 “Ruangguru” Application 135 27.0 179 35.8 186 37.2 500 100

From various information sources available in cyberspace, the sources that were most often used by students in seeking information related to school work were YouTube (90.6%) and Google (80.2%). Among elementary school students, YouTube was more widely chosen as a source of information and it beat Google's popularity. All this time, students in Indonesia use the

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term ‘Mbah Google’ to express that everything can be sought and asked to Google, which is considered as the smart old man who knows everything. Although still being a choice of information sources, but the role of Google seems to have started to be replaced by YouTube. YouTube is popular among students because they find short shows and videos more interesting than searching for and reading information on Google.

"I more often search for information on YouTube. There are more videos [on YouTube]. Anything can be found [on YouTube]. When I was looking for information about mathematics, there was a lot of information about mathematics on YouTube. As for arts, there are even more [videos related to art]. Salah instruction video is also available. Anyway, everything is on YouTube ... If on Google, there are lots of pictures and readings. I prefer searching on YouTube ... There is a visualization of the process and the steps", said Pembudi (12 years old), a student in Kediri.

YouTube is a web-based video platform that is currently increasing in popularity and attracting the attention of people around the world (Arthurs et al., 2018; Bärtl, 2018). To upload and access YouTube content are very easy and do not require a high level of technical knowledge (Fleck, Beckman, Sterns, & Hussey, 2014). In terms of age of users, YouTube is not only popular among adults, but is also very popular with children (Holland, 2016). Watching YouTube videos has become one of the daily activities of children (Tur-Viñes et al., 2018). Therefore, it is not surprising if to find academic information, children also rely on YouTube. As stated by Moghavvemi et al. (2018), students use YouTube for information seeking, entertainment, and academic learning. YouTube is indeed a platform that allows people to share information and creativity and provides a lot of availability: enrichment, diversity, and uniqueness (Zilka, 2018b).

4.2.Smartphone and YouTube generation in information seeking behavior Ideally speaking, when students need information to complete academic assignments, they should search for and track information to school libraries or public libraries. However, due to the condition of libraries in many schools that are far from adequate, the attractiveness of libraries for students has arguably faded. In the millennial era, smartphone and internet have opened new opportunities for students to be able to independently and immediately search for the information they need. Table 5 Reasons for students to use smartphone to find information related to academic assignments Reasons Frequency Percentage Obtaining information on Google via smartphone is faster than obtaining 182 36.4 information in library. YouTube can be accessed from smartphone. Explanations on YouTube are 198 39.6 easier to understand and there are concrete examples and steps. Via smartphone, discussions with classmates can be conducted on 51 10.2 WhatsApp group to complete tasks. Via smartphone, students can ask their friends on WhatsApp group about 33 6.6 YouTube links that contain learning materials. Smartphone can be used to access information on Google, YouTube, and 36 7.2 WhatsApp group of classmates so that assignments and homework are

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quickly completed. Total 500 100

This study found that as many as 39.6% of students chose to use smartphone to find information related to academic assignments because with smartphone, they could access YouTube. According to students, explanations on YouTube were easier to understand and YouTube provided examples and visualization of concrete steps. As many as 36.4% of respondents said they chose to use a smartphone because it was faster to get information on Google than in the library. With smartphone, some students also claimed to be able to have discussion with other friends and ask friends about YouTube links and other information that they needed. A number of informants stated that in addition to their limited time for searching information in the library, they also doubted whether the information they needed was available in the library. By searching for information on the channels available on the internet, especially YouTube and Google, according to a number of respondents, the information needed was more quickly obtained anywhere in a flexible time. In their study, Barry et al. (2016) suggested that in this millennial era, ‘YouTube Generation’ or ‘Connected Generation’ emerged. They found data which indicated that 80% of this generation actively interacted with social media and integrated it into their educational experiences. The integration of social media into the learning process is conducted by the connected generation because this generation routinely creates and publishes blogs, podcasts, and online videos. Some researchers also concluded that the traditional learning approach oriented to student-teacher relations has changed and has been replaced by informal learning independently using YouTube (Dreon et al., 2011; Moghavvemi et al., 2018; Orús et al., 2016).

Table 6 Teacher's directions to students in the learning process Frequently Infrequently Never Total Teachers directed students by: F % F % F % F % Explaining the use of mobile phones or 131 26.2 206 41.2 163 32.6 500 100 laptops correctly Providing information for students to 136 27.2 205 41.0 159 31.8 500 100 search for information on the internet (YouTube, Google) to construct material understanding and knowledge and to complete school assignments Explaining information and 87 17.4 183 36.6 230 46.0 500 100 communication technology Explaining on how to find information 105 21.0 166 33.2 229 45.8 500 100 on the internet for school assignments Directing students to find information in 74 14.8 281 56.2 145 29.0 500 100 the library for completing school assignments

Observing and responding to this development, Hoogerheide et al. (2019) have suggested that teaching strategy using enjoyable instructional video is more suitable for primary school students than restudying and summarizing. Among teachers, the use of YouTube videos is believed to efficiently support the learning process, increase student interest, and enrich covered subject matter, with minimal financial and time expenditure (Tamim, 2013). According to this

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study, although some students claimed that their teachers have often directed students to use the internet in understanding learning materials, constructing knowledge, and completing student assignments, but most students generally utilized internet independently. Around 27.2% of students said that they were often directed by their teachers to use the internet (Google) to search for information to support material understanding, knowledge construction, and completion of academic assignments. Meanwhile, as many as 41% of respondents said they were rarely directed by their teachers, and even 31.8% of respondents said they were never directed by their teachers to use the internet in search of information. More than half of the respondents (56.2%) claimed that their teachers were rarely directed them to use the library when they needed information. In fact, 29% of respondents claimed that they had never been directed by their teacher. Only 14.8% of respondents claimed that they were often directed by their teachers to use the library. The role of the teacher can be said to be relatively low in introducing and teaching how to utilize the library, information technology, and the internet. In this research, the teachers preferred to leave everything to the students' own initiative and creativity in using information sources during the learning process rather than utilizing social media (YouTube) in teaching activities.

4.3. Opinions about and confidence in the school library as a source of academic information In many schools in urban areas such as in research locations, library facilities are generally quite adequate. Even in prominent private schools, the school library is quite representative as a source of information. A number of informants interviewed stated that the libraries in their schools were quite comfortable and had a fairly diverse collection of books. However, according to most students (38.4%), school library collection was generally too much dominated by textbooks, making students bored. In many schools, 13.4% of respondents said they went to the library only to read and borrow novels during recess. The library was also often used by some students (9.8%) as a place for discussion to complete group assignments.

Table 7 Students’ opinions about the role of libraries Opinions Frequency Percentage Students go to the library only to read and borrow novels during recess. 67 13.4 The library has too many textbooks. 192 38.4 The library lacks a collection of books to complete assignments. 45 9.0 Google and YouTube have more complete information than libraries. 94 18.8 Students visit the library only to read textbooks. 53 10.6 The library is used as a place for discussion to complete group 49 9.8 assignments. Total 500 100

In order to seek information needed to support the completion of academic assignments, 9% of students stated that the library lacked the collection of books they needed to do assignments. As many as 18.8% of respondents claimed that YouTube and Google actually provided more complete information than the library did. From the results of in-depth interviews, it is known that the limited time spent at school was a major obstacle that makes it impossible for most students to make full use of the library. Furthermore, with the availability of smartphone and internet, students' information needs are no longer a monopoly of the library. In fact, most

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respondents claimed that it was easier obtain the information needed for school assignments on the internet than in the school library. As search engine sites emerge and social media become more diverse, sources of information become more numerous and many people, including students, find it easier to find information via mobile phone technology devices. Information availability factor, which is supported by the convenience and the speed of obtaining information via smartphone, makes many undergraduate students utilize information sources on information provider sites and social media (Kim et al., 2013; Kim et al. 2014). In this study, it was found that primary school students also chose information sources provided by social media platforms and Google. This fact is compounded by the growing confidence in the sources of information available on YouTube and Google rather than in their school libraries. Although not comparing with the library, this study is no different from the study conducted by Kim et al. (2011) on undergraduate students. With different levels of confidence, these students considered social media to be an important source of information in an academic context.

Table 8 Confidence in information sources in the library Confidence in Information Sources in the Library Frequency Percentage Relying more on libraries than internet information sources accessed 43 8.6 from smartphone Relying more on sources of information from the internet (YouTube or 203 40.6 Google) via smartphone than libraries Trying to find information in the library first; browsing on the internet 34 6.8 (Google) using a smartphone only if the information is not available in the library Asking parents first; browsing on the internet (YouTube or Google) 145 29.0 using a smartphone if the help from parents is unsatisfactory Asking the teacher first, then browsing on the internet (YouTube or 75 15.0 Google) via a smartphone Total 500 100.0

Of the 500 students interviewed, 40.6% of respondents claimed that they relied more on information sources from the internet, such as YouTube and Google, rather than from libraries. Among students who thought pragmatically, they would first choose to ask their parents about school assignment and only then if their parents' help was not satisfactory, they would browse the information on the internet using a smartphone. The study found that only 8.6% of students said they relied more on libraries than on information available on the internet. As many as 6.8% of respondents said that they would first search for information in the library, but if they did not find the information they needed, then they would search for information on Google, YouTube, or other sources of information on the internet.

5. Conclusion and implication for school librarians in Indonesia

The study found that information seeking behavior patterns that developed among elementary school students had experienced dramatic changes. Unlike the previous generation who had no choice other than seeking information in the library, now there have been at least three new developments that need to be anticipated by school librarians in Indonesia. First, smart

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phone is a technology that cannot be separated from the lives of elementary school students, especially in the process of seeking information for academic assignments. There has been a change in information seeking behavior among elementary students who no longer rely solely on information from textbook sources in the library, but rather rely more on social media (YouTube) using smartphone. Second, libraries no longer monopolize their role as institutions of information sources because of the presence of smartphone that are alternative choices for elementary school students to access information sources, such as YouTube and Google. For elementary school students, YouTube is a social media platform that provides information that is easily understood, while Google offers an unlimited variety of information. In the millennial era, librarians and libraries are demanded to be more proactive and able to seize opportunities to serve the changing characteristics of primary school students who are part of Generation Z, Generation Alpha, and YouTube Generation. Third, students' confidence in the library as a source of information began to fade. For students in the millennial era, libraries are more often perceived as sources of information for school textbooks and not as sources of information that can provide broad and varied information needs for students. YouTube and Google are considered by students to have more complete information and are able to meet students’ information needs. As stated in several studies, the development of smartphone technology has changed the way of learning of Generation Z and Generation Alpha, who will soon dominate the world (Roblek et al., 2019; Arkhipova et al., 2019). Therefore, educational institutions including libraries have time to respond to this phenomenon. Referring to the conclusions of this study, there are implications for school librarians and roles that should be developed. First, with limited information searching abilities of primary school students, other than teacher guidance, librarians are also needed to develop digital literacy and information literacy skills among elementary school students. That is, even though students are accustomed to searching information in cyberspace via smartphone, the support of digital and information literacy capabilities is still needed so that students will be able use information searching strategies and able to sort out which sources of information are appropriate and not appropriate for academic purposes. As stated by Kim et al. (2014), Meyers et al. (2013), Tan (2013), and Kim and Sin (2016), information seeking activities via Google and YouTube that are informal learning require digital and information literacy capabilities. Second, to provide digital literacy skills to students, school librarians need to collaborate with teachers to design and conduct learning activities based on digital literacy and information literacy. Librarians must also take part in changing the way of learning and the choice of information sources of YouTube Generation by collaborating with teachers in developing digital and information literacy skills among students. For this reason, the role of school librarians cannot be separated from collaborative activities with teachers (Avery, 2014; McKeever et al., 2017). If librarians want to maintain the existence of school libraries, based on findings of this study about information seeking behavior among elementary schools, then collaboration conducted by teachers and librarians in Indonesia is now pretty urgent. Third, by considering changes in the characteristics and learning styles of elementary school students as school library users and parts of Generation Z and Generation Alpha ("Why Generation Z Learners Prefer YouTube Lessons Over Printed Books; Video learning outranks printed books in surveys," 2018), then to develop the role of the school library and librarian is not to place YouTube as a threat, but rather as an "entrance" to encourage students to use the

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school library. Providing an audio visual collection containing academic content sourced from YouTube in the library without using a smartphone is one strategy so that the existence of the school library does not fade.

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The set of journals have been ranked according to their SJR and divided into four equal groups, four quartiles. Q1 (green) Librcomprisesary and Information the quarter Sciences of the journals with the highest values, Q2 (yellow) the second highest values, Q3 (orange) the third highest values and Q4 (red) the lowest values.

Category Year Quartile Philosophy Library and Information Sciences 1999 Q4 Library and Information Sciences 2000 Q4 Library and Information Sciences1999 20012001 Q32003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Library and Information Sciences 2002 Q4

SJR Citations per document

0.6The SJR is a size-independent prestige indicator that 0.6This indicator counts the number of citations received by ranks journals by their 'average prestige per article'. It is documents from a journal and divides them by the total 0.4based on the idea that 'all citations are not created number of documents published in that journal. The equal'. SJR is a measure of scientic inuence of chart shows the evolution of the average number of 0.2journals that accounts for both the number of citations times documents published in a journal in the past two, received by a journal and the importance or prestige of 0.4three and four years have been cited in the current year. the0 journals where such citations come from It The two years line is equivalent to journal impact factor

measur1999es the2002 scientic2005 inuence2008 of2011 the aver2014age article2017 ™ (Thomson Reuters) metric. in a journal it expresses how central to the global

Total Cites Self-Cites 0.2Cites per document Year Value Cites / Doc. (4 years) 1999 0.000 400 Evolution of the total number of citations and journal's Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2000 0.111 self-citations received by a journal's published Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2001 0.125 documents during the three previous years. Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2002 0.136 0 200Journal Self-citation is dened as the number of citation Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2003 0.138 Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2004 0.258 from a journal citing article to articles published by the 1999 2002 2005 2008 2011 2014 2017 Cites / Doc. (4 years) 2005 0.171 same journal. CitesCites / Doc./ Doc. (4 (4 y years)ears) 2006 0.149 0 CitesCites / Doc./ Doc. (4 (3 y years)ears) 2007 0.250 Cites1999 2002Year2005Value2008 2011 2014 2017 CitesCites / Doc./ Doc. (4 (2 y years)ears) 2008 0.371 S lf Cit 1999 0 External Cites per Doc Cites per Doc % International Collaboration

E0.5volution of the number of total citation per document 8International Collaboration accounts for the articles that and external citation per document (i.e. journal self- have been produced by researchers from several citations removed) received by a journal's published countries. The chart shows the ratio of a journal's 0.25documents during the three previous years. External 4documents signed by researchers from more than one citations are calculated by subtracting the number of country; that is including more than one country address. self-citations from the total number of citations received 0 0 by the journal’s documents. Year International Collaboration 1999 2002 2005 2008 2011 2014 2017 19991999 0.002002 2005 2008 2011 2014 2017 Cit Y V l 2000 0 00 Citable documents Non-citable documents Cited documents Uncited documents

600 600 Not every article in a journal is considered primary Ratio of a journal's items, grouped in three years research and therefore "citable", this chart shows the windows, that have been cited at least once vs. those ratio of a journal's articles including substantial research not cited during the following year. 300(research articles, conference papers and reviews) in 300 three year windows vs. those documents other than Documents Year Value research articles, reviews and conference papers. Uncited documents 1999 3 0 Uncited0 documents 2000 8 Documents1999 2002 2005 2008Year 2011Value2014 2017 Uncited1999 documents2002 2005 20012008 142011 2014 2017 N it bl d t 1999 0 Uncited documents 2002 18

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