The Ebony Seven: a Presidential Blueprint for Private Black College Achievement of Global Competitiveness
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Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2014 The bE ony Seven: A Presidential Blueprint for Private Black College Achievement of Global Competitiveness Walter T. Tillman Jr. Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Education Commons Recommended Citation Tillman Jr., Walter T., "The bonE y Seven: A Presidential Blueprint for Private Black College Achievement of Global Competitiveness" (2014). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 2557. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2557 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. THE EBONY SEVEN: A PRESIDENTIAL BLUEPRINT FOR PRIVATE BLACK COLLEGE ACHIEVEMENT OF GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The School of Education by Walter T. Tillman, Jr. B.A., Dillard University, 1998 M.Ed., University of New Orleans, 2001 December 2014 ©2014 Walter T. Tillman, Jr. All rights reserved. ii This dissertation is dedicated to the three individuals whose impact on my life made me the man that I am today and the leader and scholar I aspire to be – my late parents, Josephine and Walter T. Tillman, Sr. and my late babysitter Murt Marshall. Momma: for doing all you knew to do and giving all you had or could find for my siblings and me to have exponential opportunities, I dedicate this work. Daddy: no two people could be equally similar and dissimilar as you and I, but the passage of seasons has made clearer my debts to you. Murt: in no victory I shall ever know, shall I absent your indomitable influence. This dissertation, a formal launch of my intellectual journey, I dedicate to your life and legacy. I pray I live up to your hopes, dreams, and aspirations. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I acknowledge God as my Lord, Savior and Provider. In addition to dedicating this dissertation to the three who shaped me, I wish to acknowledge the presence of several living family members and friends for their inspiration, love and support through my journey. I acknowledge my two nephews Tredalvyn Jacorrian Tate and Keith Lamont Daniels, Jr. who have overcome prodigious loss in laudable fashion and inspire me to keep my heart open to the provisions of God’s grace, mercy and love. I acknowledge my younger brother, Bruce LeMorris Tillman (and his new bride Nikisha Benson Tillman) for loving me as only a brother could. Thank you! For maternal energy and love, I acknowledge and salute: Kassie Freeman, Ph.D.; Rhea B. Lucien, RN; Vanita Lytle Sherill, Ed.D.; and Gwendolyn Triplett. For their brotherly motivation, love and support during my years in Baton Rouge, I acknowledge: Ernie Troy Hughes, Ph.D.; Nathaniel Francis Harrison, Jr.; and Roland Walker Mitchell, Ph.D. For their sage counsel, abiding friendship and fraternity, I acknowledge M Christopher Brown II, Ph.D.; Willie James Mott, Jr., CCICM; Jefforey Alan Stafford; and James Edward Thibodaux. Additionally, I acknowledge my brother from another mother and friend since the third grade Adoris Sheldon Turner, II. Finally, for their intellectual stewardship during my journey I thank: Drs. Roland Mitchell, Earl Cheek, Margaret-Mary Sulentic Dowell, and Craig Freeman. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................. vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1 1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM .................................................................................... 2 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY ................................................................................................ 3 1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS .................................................................................................. 3 1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY...................................................................................... 3 1.5 OVERVIEW OF THE METHODOLOGY .......................................................................... 6 1.6 KEY CONCEPTS ................................................................................................................. 7 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................... 11 2.1 GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS ....................................................................................... 12 2.2 HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES ...................................... 20 2.3 THE COLLEGE PRESIDENT IN THE UNITED STATES ............................................. 25 2.4 THE BLACK COLLEGE PRESIDENT ............................................................................ 27 2.5 THE BLACK IVY LEAGUE: CANDIDATES FOR GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS .. 33 2.6 PRESIDENTS AS INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMERS .............................................. 42 2.7 LITERATURE SUMMARY .............................................................................................. 62 CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................... 63 3.1 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY .............................................................................................. 63 3.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ................................................................................................ 64 3.3 RESEARCH DESIGN: GROUNDED THEORY AND COMPARATIVE COMPARISON .................................................................................................................. 64 3.4 ETHICAL ISSUES ............................................................................................................. 66 3.5 RESEARCHER’S SITUATEDNESS ................................................................................. 66 3.6 DATA SOURCES .............................................................................................................. 66 3.7 DATA ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................. 79 CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS ..................................................................................................... 81 4.1 THE VALUE OF INTERNATIONALIZING PRIVATE BLACK COLLEGES .............. 82 4.2 HOW DOES A GLOBALLY COMPETITIVE PRIVATE BLACK COLLEGE LOOK? 83 4.3 THE STEPS TO INTERNATIONALIZING A PRIVATE BLACK COLLEGE .............. 84 4.4 THE ROLE OF THE PRESIDENT IN INTERNATIONALIZING A PRIVATE BLACK COLLEGE ............................................................................................................ 96 4.5 CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................................. 97 CHAPTER FIVE: A NEW MODEL: THE EBONY SEVEN ...................................................... 99 5.1 AWARENESS .................................................................................................................. 100 5.2 COMMITMENT ............................................................................................................... 100 5.3 PLANNING AND OPERATIONALIZATION ............................................................... 101 v 5.4 REVIEW ........................................................................................................................... 101 5.5 REINFORCEMENT ......................................................................................................... 102 5.6 THE EBONY SEVEN MODEL ....................................................................................... 102 5.7 FINAL THOUGHTS ........................................................................................................ 108 5.8 FUTURE RESEARCH ..................................................................................................... 108 5.9 LIMITATIONS ................................................................................................................. 108 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................... 110 APPENDIX A: INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ............................................................................. 126 APPENDIX B: CANDIDATES FOR GLOBAL LEADERS .................................................... 129 B.1 DILLARD UNIVERSITY: WALTER MARK KIMBROUGH ...................................... 129 B.2 FISK UNIVERSITY: H. JAMES WILLIAMS................................................................ 131 B.3 HAMPTON UNIVERSITY: WILLIAM ROBERT HARVEY ...................................... 132 B.4 HOWARD UNIVERSITY: WAYNE A.I. FREDERICK .............................................. 132 B.5 MOREHOUSE COLLEGE: JOHN SILVANUS WILSON, JR. .................................... 134 B.6 SPELMAN COLLEGE: BEVERLY DANIEL TATUM ............................................... 136 B.7 TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY: BRIAN JOHNSON