B

Babai, László (1950-) Babcock, Horace Welcome (1912-2003) Backlund, Jons Oskar (1846-1916) Election: 2015, Fellow Election: 1959, Fellow Election: 1914, FHM Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Mount Wilson and Affiliation at election: Pulkovo Chicago Palomar Observatories Observatory Residence at election: Chicago, IL Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Residence at election: St. Petersburg, Career description: Mathematician; Career description: Astronomer; Research Russia Theoretical computer scientist; Educator institution administrator Career description: Astronomer; Current affiliation: Same Observatory administrator Babior, Bernard Macy (1935-2004) Election: 1999, Fellow Backus, George Edward (1930-) Affiliation at election: Scripps Research Election: 1962, Fellow Institute Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: La Jolla, CA California, San Diego Career description: Biochemist; Physician; Residence at election: La Jolla, CA Educator; Research institution Career description: Geophysicist; Educator administrator Current affiliation: Same

Bach, George Leland (1915-1994) Backus, John (1924-2007) Election: 1962, Fellow Election: 1985, Fellow Affiliation at election: Carnegie Institute Affiliation at election: IBM T. J. Watson of Technology Research Center Residence at election: Pittsburgh, PA Residence at election: San Jose, CA Career description: Economist; Educator Career description: Computer scientist; Charles Babbage, elected 1832, FHM. Image Company research institution staff donated by Corbis-Bettmann Bache, Alexander Dallas (1806-1867) member and administrator Babbage, Charles (1791-1871) Election: 1845, Associate Fellow Election: 1832, FHM Affiliation at election: U.S. Coast Survey Bacon, John (1738-1820) Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Election: 1780, Fellow Cambridge Career description: Physicist; Affiliation at election: Court of Common Residence at election: London, England Geophysicist; Government research Pleas of Berkshire County, Massachusetts Career description: Mathematician; agency administrator; Educator Residence at election: Stockbridge, MA Inventor; Educator Career description: Jurist; Legislator Bacher, Robert Fox (1905-2004) Babbitt, Irving (1865-1933) Election: 1953, Fellow Bacon, John (1817-1881) Election: 1921, Fellow Affiliation at election: California Institute Election: 1847, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University of Technology Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Linguist; Educator; Career description: Physicist; Educator; Career description: Physiological chemist; Writer Academic administrator Hospital scientific staff member; Educator

Babbitt, Milton Byron (1916-2011) Bachman, John (1790-1874) Bacon, Leonard (1887-1954) Election: 1974, Fellow Election: 1845, Associate Fellow Election: 1943, Fellow Affiliation at election: Princeton Affiliation at election: St. John’s Church Affiliation at election: Peace Dale, RI University Residence at election: Charleston, SC Residence at election: Peace Dale, RI Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Career description: Clergy member; Career description: Literary critic; Writer Career description: Musician (composer, Naturalist; Zoologist (poet) music theorist); Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 25

Bacow, Lawrence S. (1951-) Baeyer, Adolf Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Bai, Chunli (1953-) Election: 2003, Fellow von (1835-1917) Election: 2016, FHM Affiliation at election: Tufts University Election: 1884, FHM Affiliation at election: Chinese Academy Residence at election: Medford, MA Affiliation at election: University of of Sciences Career description: Public policy and Munich Residence at election: Beijing, China environment scholar; Academic Residence at election: Munich, Germany Career description: Learned society administrator Career description: Chemist; Educator administrator; Materials scientist Current affiliation: Harvard Kennedy Current affiliation: Same School Bagge, Gosta Adolfsson (1882-1951) Election: 1933, FHM Baier, Kurt (1917-2010) Baddeley, Alan David (1934-) Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1975, Fellow Election: 1996, FHM Stockholm Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Bristol Residence at election: Stockholm, Sweden Pittsburgh Residence at election: Bristol, England Career description: Economist; Educator; Residence at election: Pittsburgh, PA Career description: Psychologist; Diplomat Career description: Philosopher; Educator Educator; Research institution administrator Bagnall, Roger Shaler (1947-) Bailey, David Roy Shackleton (1917- Current affiliation: University of York Election: 2000, Fellow 2005) Affiliation at election: Columbia Election: 1979, Fellow Baddour, Raymond Frederick (1925-) University Affiliation at election: Harvard University Election: 1964, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Career description: Historian; Educator Career description: Language and literary Institute of Technology Current affiliation: New York University scholar; Educator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Chemical engineer; Bagnold, Ralph Alger (1896-1990) Bailey, Elizabeth Ellery (1938-) Educator Election: 1974, FHM Election: 1997, Fellow Current affiliation: Belmont, MA Affiliation at election: British Royal Army Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Kent, England Pennsylvania Wharton School Badger, Richard McLean (1896-1974) Career description: Geologist; Army Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Election: 1961, Fellow officer Career description: Economist; Public Affiliation at election: California Institute policy expert; Educator; Company of Technology Bahadur, Raghu Raj (1924-1997) research staff member and administrator Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Election: 1986, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Career description: Chemist; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Chicago Bailey, Frederick George (1924-) Badian, Ernst (1925-2011) Residence at election: Chicago, IL Election: 1976, Fellow Election: 1974, Fellow Career description: Mathematician; Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Educator California, San Diego Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: San Diego, CA Career description: Historian; Educator Bahcall, John Norris (1934-2005) Career description: Anthropologist; Election: 1976, Fellow Educator Badinter, Robert (1928-) Affiliation at election: Institute for Current affiliation: Same Election: 2006, FHM Advanced Study Affiliation at election: Sénat de France Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Bailey, Irving Widmer (1884-1967) Residence at election: Paris, France Career description: Astrophysicist; Election: 1915, Fellow Career description: Lawyer; Government Educator; Research institution and project Affiliation at election: Harvard University official staff member Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Botanist; Plant Bahcall, Neta Assaf (1942-) anatomist; Educator; Research institution Baer, Karl Ernst von (1792-1876) Election: 2014, Fellow administrator Election: 1849, FHM Affiliation at election: Princeton Affiliation at election: St. Petersburg University Bailey, Jacob Whitman (1811-1857) Academy of Sciences Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Election: 1845, Associate Fellow Residence at election: St. Petersburg, Career description: Astrophysicist; Affiliation at election: U.S. Military Russia Educator Academy Career description: Embryologist; Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: West Point, NY Geographer; Anthropologist; Educator; Career description: Botanist; Educator Learned society administrator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 26

Bailey, Liberty Hyde (1858-1954) Bainton, Dorothy Ford (1933-) Bajcsy, Ruzena (1935-) Election: 1900, Associate Fellow Election: 1996, Fellow Election: 2008, Fellow Affiliation at election: Cornell University Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Ithaca, NY California, San Francisco California, Berkeley Career description: Botanist; Residence at election: San Francisco, CA Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Horticulturist; Educator; Academic Career description: Pathologist; Educator; Career description: Computer scientist; administrator Academic administrator Electrical engineer; Educator Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Bailey, Solon Irving (1854-1931) Election: 1892, Fellow Bainton, Roland Herbert (1894-1984) Baker, Benjamin (1840-1907) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Election: 1954, Fellow Election: 1899, FHM Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: London, England Career description: Astronomer; Research Residence at election: New Haven, CT Residence at election: London, England institution administrator; Educator Career description: Theologian; Historian; Career description: Civil engineer Educator Bailey, Stephen Kemp (1916-1982) Baker, David (1962-) Election: 1958, Fellow Baird, Barbara A. (1951-) Election: 2009, Fellow Affiliation at election: Princeton Election: 2008, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of University Affiliation at election: Cornell University Washington Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Residence at election: Ithaca, NY Residence at election: Seattle, WA Career description: Political scientist; Career description: Chemist; Chemical Career description: Biochemist; Research Educator; Academic administrator; biologist; Educator institution scientist; Educator Foundation executive Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same

Baillargeon, Renée (1951-) Baird, Douglas Gordon (1953-) Baker, George Pierce (1866-1935) Election: 2007, Fellow Election: 1996, Fellow Election: 1914, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Chicago Law School Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Urbana, IL Residence at election: Chicago, IL Career description: Theatrical director; Career description: Psychologist; Educator Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Educator Current affiliation: Same Academic administrator Current affiliation: Same Baker, George Pierce (1903-1995) Baily, Francis (1774-1844) Election: 1947, Fellow Election: 1832, FHM Baird, John Wallace (1869-1919) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: London, England Election: 1916, Fellow Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: London, England Affiliation at election: Clark University Career description: Economist; Educator; Career description: Astronomer; Residence at election: Worcester, MA Academic administrator Stockbroker Career description: Psychologist; Educator Baker, Herbert George (1920-2001) Bailyn, Bernard (1922-) Baird, Spencer Fullerton (1823-1887) Election: 1984, Fellow Election: 1963, Fellow Election: 1848, Associate Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Dickinson College California, Berkeley Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Carlisle, PA Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Historian; Educator Career description: Zoologist; Research Career description: Botanist; Educator; Current affiliation: Same institution administrator Academic research institution administrator Bainbridge, Kenneth Tompkins (1904- Baird, Walter Scott (1908-1982) 1996) Election: 1952, Fellow Baker, J. H. (John Hamilton) (1944-) Election: 1937, Fellow Affiliation at election: Baird Associates Election: 2001, FHM Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Physicist; Engineer; Cambridge Career description: Physicist; Educator; Company executive Residence at election: Cambridge, England Academic administrator Career description: Lawyer; Historian; Educator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 27

Baker, James A. (1930-) Balakrishnan, Hari (1971-) Baldwin, George Rumford (1798-1888) Election: 2008, Fellow Election: 2017, Fellow Election: 1871, Fellow Affiliation at election: Baker Botts LLP Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Woburn, MA Residence at election: Houston, TX Institute of Technology Residence at election: Woburn, MA Career description: Lawyer; U.S. Secretary Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Civil engineer of State; U.S. Secretary of the Treasury; Career description: Computer scientist; Company executive Computer systems engineer; Educator Baldwin, Henry Ives (1896-1992) Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Election: 1953, Fellow Affiliation at election: New Hampshire Baker, James Gilbert (1914-2005) Balch, Francis Noyes (1873-1960) Forestry Commission Election: 1946, Fellow Election: 1932, Fellow Residence at election: Hillsboro, NH Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Harvard University Career description: Botanist; Ecologist; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Graduate School of Business Educator; Government research scientist; Career description: Optical physicist; Administration Company executive Astronomer; Research institution staff Residence at election: Jamaica Plain, MA member Career description: Business specialist; Baldwin, Jack Edward (1938-) Biologist; Educator Election: 1994, FHM Baker, Keith Michael (1938-) Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Election: 1991, Fellow Balch, Franklin Greene (1864-1958) Residence at election: Oxford, England Affiliation at election: Stanford University Election: 1932, Fellow Career description: Chemist; Educator Residence at election: Stanford, CA Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Historian; Educator Residence at election: Boston, MA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Surgeon; Educator Baldwin, James Fowle (1782-1862) Election: 1841, Fellow Baker, Russell Wayne (1925-) Balch, Thomas Willing (1866-1927) Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Election: 1993, Fellow Election: 1918, Fellow Residence at election: Boston, MA Affiliation at election: New York Times Affiliation at election: Philadelphia, PA Career description: Engineer; Government Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA official Career description: Journalist Career description: Lawyer; Publicist; Current affiliation: Leesburg, VA Writer Baldwin, John Wesley (1929-2015) Election: 1992, Fellow Baker, Tania Ann (1961-) Baldensperger, Fernand (Philippe-Jules- Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Election: 2004, Fellow Fernand) (1871-1958) University Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 1940, FHM Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: Université de Paris; Career description: Historian; Educator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Harvard University Career description: Biochemist; Molecular Residence at election: Paris, France Baldwin, Loammi (1745-1807) biologist; Educator Career description: Language and literary Election: 1782, Fellow Current affiliation: Same scholar; Educator Affiliation at election: Woburn, MA Residence at election: Woburn, MA Baker, William Franklin (1942-) Baldeschwieler, John Dickson (1933-) Career description: Civil engineer Election: 2005, Fellow Election: 1972, Fellow Affiliation at election: Educational Affiliation at election: Stanford University; Baldwin, Jr., Loammi (1780-1838) Broadcasting Corporation U.S. Government Election: 1810, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Stanford, CA Affiliation at election: Charlestown, MA Career description: Company executive Career description: Chemist; Educator; Residence at election: Charlestown, MA (broadcasting) Administrator Career description: Engineer; Lawyer Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: California Institute of Technology Baldwin, Ralph Belknap (1912-2010) Baker, William Oliver (1915-2005) Election: 1980, Fellow Election: 1965, Fellow Baldessari, John Anthony (1931-) Affiliation at election: Oliver Machinery Affiliation at election: Bell Telephone Election: 2004, Fellow Company Laboratories Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Grand Rapids, MI Residence at election: Morristown, NJ California, Los Angeles Career description: Astronomer; Career description: Chemist; Researcher; Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Company executive Research institution administrator Career description: Artist (photographer, painter); Educator Current affiliation: John Baldessari Studio

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 28

Baldwin, Robert Edward (1924-2011) Ball, Deborah Loewenberg (1954-) Baltimore, David (1938-) Election: 1995, Fellow Election: 2014, Fellow Election: 1974, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Wisconsin, Madison Michigan Institute of Technology Residence at election: Madison, WI Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Economist; Educator Career description: Education scholar and Career description: Microbiologist; researcher; Educator; Academic Educator; Academic administrator Baldwin, Robert Lesh (1927-) administrator Current affiliation: California Institute of Election: 1981, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Technology Affiliation at election: Stanford University School of Medicine Ball, Eric Glendinning (1904-1979) Baltzell, E. Digby (Edward Digby) (1915- Residence at election: Stanford, CA Election: 1945, Fellow 1996) Career description: Biochemist; Educator Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Election: 1994, Fellow Current affiliation: Stanford School of School Affiliation at election: University of Medicine Residence at election: Newton Highlands, Pennsylvania MA Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Baldwin, Roger Nash (1884-1981) Career description: Biological chemist; Career description: Sociologist; Educator Election: 1951, Fellow Educator; Academic administrator Affiliation at election: American Civil Bambach, Carmen C. (1959-) Liberties Union Ball, Mary Margaret (1909-1999) Election: 2013, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Election: 1960, Fellow Affiliation at election: Metropolitan Career description: Civic leader; Affiliation at election: Wellesley College Museum of Art Foundation executive Residence at election: Wellesley, MA Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Political scientist; Career description: Museum curator; Baldwin, Simeon Eben (1840-1927) Educator; Academic administrator Historian (art) Election: 1912, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Yale University Ballard, Robert D. (1942-) Residence at election: New Haven, CT Election: 2014, Fellow Banaji, Mahzarin Rustam (1956-) Career description: Jurist; Educator; Affiliation at election: Ocean Exploration Election: 2008, Fellow Government official Trust; University of Rhode Island Affiliation at election: Harvard University Graduate School of Oceanography Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Bales, Robert Freed (1916-2004) Residence at election: Old Lyme, CT Career description: Social psychologist; Election: 1962, Fellow Career description: Explorer; Nautical Educator Affiliation at election: Harvard University archaeologist; Nonprofit organization Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Cambridge, MA executive and founder; Educator; Career description: Sociologist; Educator Government research institution scientist Bancroft, Aaron (1755-1839) Current affiliation: Same Election: 1805, Fellow Balfour, Arthur James (1848-1930) Affiliation at election: Second Election: 1902, FHM Balluffi, Robert Weierter (1924-) Congregational Church Affiliation at election: Government of Election: 1983, Fellow Residence at election: Worcester, MA Great Britain Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Career description: Clergy member Residence at election: London, England Institute of Technology Career description: Philosopher; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Bancroft, Edward (1744-1821) Government official Career description: Metallurgist; Educator Election: 1797, FHM Current affiliation: Ithaca, NY Affiliation at election: London, England Balkin, Jack M. (1956-) Residence at election: London, England Election: 2005, Fellow Baltes, Paul B. (1939-2006) Career description: Physician; Inventor; Affiliation at election: Yale University Law Election: 1991, FHM Chemist School Affiliation at election: Max-Planck-Institut Residence at election: New Haven, CT für Bildungsforschung; Freie Universität Bancroft, George (1800-1891) Career description: Lawyer; Educator Berlin Election: 1863, Associate Fellow Current affiliation: Yale Law School Residence at election: Berlin, Germany Affiliation at election: New York, NY Career description: Psychologist; Residence at election: New York, NY Educator; Research institution Career description: Historian; Diplomat administrator Bancroft, Wilder Dwight (1867-1953) Election: 1913, Fellow Affiliation at election: Cornell University Residence at election: Ithaca, NY Career description: Chemist; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 29

Bandura, Albert (1925-) Banks, Russell (1940-) Baran, Phil S. (1977-) Election: 1980, Fellow Election: 1996, Fellow Election: 2015, Fellow Affiliation at election: Stanford University Affiliation at election: Princeton Affiliation at election: Scripps Research Residence at election: Stanford, CA University Institute Career description: Psychologist; Educator Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Residence at election: La Jolla, CA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Writer (fiction writer, Career description: Chemist; Educator poet); Educator Current affiliation: Same Banerjee, Abhijit Vinayak (1961-) Current affiliation: Same Election: 2004, Fellow Baraniuk, Richard G. (1965-) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Banks, Thomas (1949-) Election: 2017, Fellow Institute of Technology Election: 2011, Fellow Affiliation at election: Rice University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Houston, TX Career description: Economist; Educator California, Santa Cruz; Rutgers, The State Career description: Computer scientist; Current affiliation: Same University of New Jersey Software engineer; Applied Residence at election: Santa Cruz, CA mathematician; Educator Banerjee, Subir Kumar (1938-) Career description: Physicist; Educator Current affiliation: Same Election: 2006, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: University of Barbara, Paul Frank (1953-2010) Minnesota Banville, John (1945-) Election: 1999, Fellow Residence at election: Minneapolis, MN Election: 2007, FHM Affiliation at election: University of Texas Career description: Geophysicist; Educator Affiliation at election: Dublin, Ireland at Austin Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Dublin, Ireland Residence at election: Austin, TX Career description: Writer (novelist) Career description: Chemist; Educator Banerjee, Utpal (1957-) Current affiliation: Same Election: 2008, Fellow Barbe-Marbois, François Marquis (1745- Affiliation at election: University of Baouendi, M. Salah (1937-2011) 1837) California, Los Angeles Election: 2005, Fellow Election: 1781, FHM Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Government of Career description: Molecular and cell California, San Diego France biologist; Educator Residence at election: San Diego, CA Residence at election: Paris, France Current affiliation: Same Career description: Mathematician; Career description: Government official; Educator Diplomat Banfield, Edward Christie (1916-1999) Election: 1961, Fellow Baquet, Dean Paul (1956-) Barber, Samuel (1910-1981) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Election: 2006, Fellow Election: 1961, Fellow Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: Los Angeles Times Affiliation at election: New York, NY Career description: Political scientist; Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Residence at election: New York, NY Educator Career description: Journalist; Editor Career description: Composer Current affiliation: New York Times Banks (Baronet), Joseph (1743-1820) Barbour, Thomas (1884-1946) Election: 1788, FHM Barak, Aharon (1936-) Election: 1916, Fellow Affiliation at election: Royal Society of Election: 1987, FHM Affiliation at election: Harvard University London Affiliation at election: Supreme Court of Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: London, England Israel Career description: Herpetologist; Career description: Naturalist; Explorer; Residence at election: Jerusalem, Israel Museum administrator; Naturalist Learned society administrator Career description: Jurist; Educator Current affiliation: Same Barcroft, Joseph (1872-1947) Banks, Nathan (1868-1953) Election: 1938, FHM Election: 1922, Fellow Baran, Paul (1926-2011) Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Election: 2003, Fellow Cambridge Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: Novo Ventures, Inc. Residence at election: Cambridge, England Career description: Entomologist; Residence at election: Atherton, CA Career description: Physiologist; Educator Educator; Museum curator Career description: Computer engineer; Company founder and executive Bard, Allen Joseph (1933-) Election: 1990, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Texas at Austin Residence at election: Austin, TX Career description: Chemist; Educator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 30

Bard, Kathryn A. (1946-) Barger, Abraham Clifford (1917-1996) Barish, Jonas Alexander (1922-1998) Election: 2010, Fellow Election: 1964, Fellow Election: 1973, Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston University Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Natick, MA School California, Berkeley Career description: Archaeologist; Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Educator Career description: Physiologist; Educator Career description: Language and literary Current affiliation: Same scholar; Educator Barger, J. Perry (1927-) Bard, Philip (1898-1977) Election: 1992, Fellow Barkan, Leonard (1944-) Election: 1933, Fellow Affiliation at election: Dynatech Election: 1994, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Corporation Affiliation at election: University of School Residence at election: Burlington, MA Michigan Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Company executive Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Career description: Physiologist; Educator; (technology consulting and manufacture) Career description: Language and literary Academic administrator Current affiliation: Reboxx Corporation scholar; Arts scholar; Educator Current affiliation: Princeton University Bardach, Eugene (1940-) Bargh, John Andrew (1955-) Election: 2017, Fellow Election: 2011, Fellow Barker, Benjamin Fordyce (1818-1891) Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Yale University Election: 1881, Associate Fellow California, Berkeley Residence at election: Guilford, CT Affiliation at election: Bellevue Hospital Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Cognitive Medical School Career description: Public policy scholar; psychologist; Educator Residence at election: New York, NY Educator Current affiliation: Same Career description: Physician; Educator Current affiliation: Same Barghoorn, Jr., Elso Sterrenberg (1915- Barker, Clyde Frederick (1932-) Bardeen, John (1908-1991) 1984) Election: 1995, Fellow Election: 1959, Fellow Election: 1950, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Pennsylvania Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Residence at election: Champaign, IL Career description: Paleobiologist; Career description: Surgeon; Educator Career description: Physicist; Electrical Educator; Museum curator Current affiliation: Perelman School of engineer; Educator Medicine at the University of Bargmann, Cornelia Isabella (1961-) Pennsylvania Bardeen, William Allan (1941-) Election: 2002, Fellow Election: 1998, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Barker, Ernest (1874-1960) Affiliation at election: Fermi National California, San Francisco Election: 1958, FHM Accelerator Laboratory Residence at election: San Francisco, CA Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Batavia, IL Career description: Neuroscientist; Cambridge Career description: Physicist; Government Educator Residence at election: Cambridge, England research institution staff member Current affiliation: Rockefeller University Career description: Historian; Political Current affiliation: Same scientist; Educator; Academic Bargmann, Valentine (1908-1989) administrator Barenblatt, Grigory Isaakovich (1927-) Election: 1968, Fellow Election: 1975, FHM Affiliation at election: Princeton Barker, Horace Albert (1907-2000) Affiliation at election: Academy of University Election: 1967, Fellow Sciences of the USSR Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Moscow, USSR Career description: Mathematician; California, Berkeley Career description: Mathematician; Physicist; Educator Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Educator; Research agency administrator Career description: Biochemist; Current affiliation: University of Barish, Barry C. (1936-) Microbiologist; Educator California, Berkeley Election: 2005, Fellow Affiliation at election: California Institute Barker, Joseph Warren (1891-1975) Barenboim, Daniel (1942-) of Technology Election: 1958, Fellow Election: 2005, FHM Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Affiliation at election: Research Affiliation at election: Chicago Symphony Career description: Physicist; Educator Corporation of America Orchestra Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: New Rochelle, NY Residence at election: Jerusalem, Israel Career description: Electrical engineer; Career description: Musician (pianist, Educator; Academic administrator; conductor) Foundation executive Current affiliation: Staatsoper Unter den Linden

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 31

Barker, Lucius (1928-) Barnea, Nahum (1944-) Barnhart, Cynthia (1959-) Election: 1994, Fellow Election: 2015, FHM Election: 2017, Fellow Affiliation at election: Stanford University Affiliation at election: Yedioth Ahronoth Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: Stanford, CA and Ha’Ayin HaShevi’it Institute of Technology Career description: Political scientist; Residence at election: Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Educator Career description: Journalist Career description: Civil engineer; Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Academic administrator; Educator Current affiliation: Same Barlow, Peter (1776-1862) Barnes, Edward Larrabee (1915-2004) Election: 1832, FHM Election: 1978, Fellow Barocchi, Paola (1927-) Affiliation at election: Royal Military Affiliation at election: New York, NY Election: 1993, FHM Academy Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: Scuola Normale Residence at election: Woolwich, England Career description: Architect Superiore de Pisa Career description: Mathematician; Residence at election: Pisa, Italy Physicist; Educator Barnes, John Landes (1906-1976) Career description: Historian (art); Election: 1946, Fellow Educator Barlow, Thomas (1845-1945) Affiliation at election: Tufts University Current affiliation: Same Election: 1918, FHM Residence at election: Winchester, MA Affiliation at election: Hospital for Sick Career description: Mathematician; Barolini, Teodolinda (1951-) Children, University College Hospital Electrical engineer; Educator; Company Election: 2001, Fellow Residence at election: London, England executive Affiliation at election: Columbia Career description: Physician; Educator University Barnes, Jonathan (1942-) Residence at election: New York, NY Barnard, Chester Irving (1886-1961) Election: 1999, FHM Career description: Language and literary Election: 1939, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of scholar; Educator Affiliation at election: New Jersey Bell Geneva Current affiliation: Same Telephone Company Residence at election: Geneva, Switzerland Residence at election: Newark, NJ Career description: Philosopher; Educator Baron, Hans (1900-1988) Career description: Company executive; Current affiliation: Ceaulmont, France Election: 1964, Fellow Foundation trustee; Government official Affiliation at election: Newberry Library; Barnes, Julian P. (1946-) University of Chicago Barnard, Edward Emerson (1857-1923) Election: 2013, FHM Residence at election: Chicago, IL Election: 1892, Associate Fellow Affiliation at election: London, England Career description: Historian; Affiliation at election: Lick Observatory Residence at election: London, England Bibliographer; Educator Residence at election: San Jose, CA Career description: Writer (novelist, short Career description: Astronomer; Educator; story writer, essayist) Baron, Martin D. (1954-) Research institution staff member Current affiliation: Same Election: 2012, Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston Globe Barnard, Frederick Augustus Porter Barnett, Samuel Jackson (1873-1956) Residence at election: Boston, MA (1809-1889) Election: 1921, Fellow Career description: Editor Election: 1860, Associate Fellow Affiliation at election: Carnegie Institution Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: University of of Washington Mississippi Residence at election: Washington, DC Baron, Salo Wittmayer (1895-1989) Residence at election: Oxford, MS Career description: Physicist; Educator Election: 1964, Fellow Career description: Academic Affiliation at election: Columbia administrator; Mathematician; Barnevik, Percy Nils (1941-) University Astronomer Election: 1999, FHM Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: ABB Asea Brown Career description: Historian; Clergy Barnard, James Munson (1819-1904) Boveri Ltd; Investor AB; AstraZeneca member; Educator; Academic research Election: 1869, Fellow PLC; Sandvik AB agency administrator Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: London, England Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Company executive Barondes, Samuel Herbert (1933-) Career description: Benefactor Current affiliation: Same Election: 2010, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Barnard, Thomas (1748-1814) California, San Francisco Election: 1798, Fellow Residence at election: Sausalito, CA Affiliation at election: Salem, MA Career description: Neurobiologist; Residence at election: Salem, MA Psychiatrist; Educator Career description: Clergy member Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 32

Barondess, Jeremiah Abraham (1924-) Barrett, Alan Hildreth (1927-1991) Barrow, Wilmer Lanier (1903-1975) Election: 2000, Fellow Election: 1975, Fellow Election: 1942, Fellow Affiliation at election: New York Academy Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Massachusetts of Medicine Institute of Technology Institute of Technology Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Concord, MA Career description: Physician; Educator; Career description: Physicist; Electrical Career description: Engineer; Physicist; Learned society administrator engineer; Educator Educator; Company research scientist and Current affiliation: Same executive Barrett, Spencer Charles Hilton (1948-) Barr, Jr., Alfred Hamilton (1902-1981) Election: 2009, FHM Barrows, Harold Kilbrith (1873-1954) Election: 1952, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1933, Fellow Affiliation at election: Museum of Modern Toronto Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Art Residence at election: Toronto, ON, Institute of Technology Residence at election: New York, NY Canada Residence at election: Winchester, MA Career description: Historian (art); Career description: Evolutionary biologist; Career description: Hydraulic engineer; Educator; Museum administrator Educator; Academic research institution Educator staff member and administrator Barr, James (1924-2006) Current affiliation: Same Barry, Brian Michael (1936-2009) Election: 1993, Fellow Election: 1978, Fellow Affiliation at election: Vanderbilt Barro, Robert Joseph (1944-) Affiliation at election: University of University; University of Oxford Election: 1988, Fellow Chicago Residence at election: Nashville, TN Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Chicago, IL Career description: Biblical scholar; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Political scientist; Educator Career description: Economist; Educator Educator Current affiliation: Same Barr, Joseph Seaton (1901-1964) Barschall, Henry Herman (1915-1997) Election: 1959, Fellow Barrois, Charles (1851-1939) Election: 1987, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Election: 1915, FHM Affiliation at election: University of School; Massachusetts General Hospital Affiliation at election: Faculty of Science, Wisconsin, Madison Residence at election: Boston, MA University of Lille Residence at election: Madison, WI Career description: Surgeon; Educator; Residence at election: Lille, France Career description: Physicist; Educator Hospital administrator Career description: Geologist; Paleontologist; Educator Barshay, Andrew E. (1953-) Barrande, Joachim (1799-1883) Election: 2016, Fellow Election: 1875, FHM Barron, Donald Henry (1905-1993) Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Prague, Election: 1962, Fellow California, Berkeley Czechoslovakia Affiliation at election: Yale University Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Residence at election: Prague, Medical School Career description: Historian; Educator Czechoslovakia Residence at election: New Haven, CT Current affiliation: Same Career description: Geologist; Career description: Physiologist; Educator Paleontologist; Educator; Engineer; Bartel, Bonnie (1961-) Researcher Barron, Kenny (1943-) Election: 2013, Fellow Election: 2009, Fellow Affiliation at election: Rice University Barrell, Joseph (1869-1919) Affiliation at election: The Julliard School Residence at election: Houston, TX Election: 1915, Fellow Residence at election: Brooklyn, NY Career description: Biochemist; Cell Affiliation at election: Yale University Career description: Musician (pianist, biologist; Educator Residence at election: New Haven, CT composer, arranger); Educator Current affiliation: Same Career description: Geologist; Engineer; Current affiliation: Same Educator Bartels, Larry Martin (1956-) Barron, Stephanie (1950-) Election: 1995, Fellow Barres, Ben A. (1954-2017) Election: 1997, Fellow Affiliation at election: Princeton Election: 2012, Fellow Affiliation at election: Los Angeles County University Affiliation at election: Stanford School of Museum of Art Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Medicine Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Career description: Political scientist; Residence at election: Palo Alto, CA Career description: Curator (art) Educator Career description: Neurobiologist; Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Vanderbilt University Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 33

Barth, Alan (1906-1979) Bartlett, John (1820-1905) Barton, Benjamin Smith (1766-1815) Election: 1952, Fellow Election: 1892, Fellow Election: 1793, Fellow Affiliation at election: Washington Post Affiliation at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Washington, DC Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Pennsylvania Career description: Journalist Career description: Businessperson; Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Author Career description: Botanist; Physician; Barth, Fredrik (1928-) Educator Election: 1997, FHM Bartlett, Josiah (1759-1820) Affiliation at election: University of Oslo; Election: 1811, Fellow Barton, Derek Harold Richard (1918- Emory University Affiliation at election: Charlestown, MA 1998) Residence at election: Oslo, Norway Residence at election: Charlestown, MA Election: 1960, FHM Career description: Anthropologist; Career description: Physician; Affiliation at election: Imperial College of Educator Government official; Public lecturer Science and Technology, University of Current affiliation: University of Oslo London Bartlett, Neil (1932-2008) Residence at election: London, England Barth, John Simmons (1930-) Election: 1977, Fellow Career description: Chemist; Educator Election: 1974, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins California, Berkeley Barton, George Hunt (1852-1933) University Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Election: 1916, Fellow Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Career description: Chemist; Educator Affiliation at election: Teachers’ School of Career description: Writer (novelist); Science Educator Bartlett, Paul A. (1948-) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Current affiliation: Chestertown, MD Election: 1994, Fellow Career description: Geologist; Educator; Affiliation at election: University of Academic administrator Barth, Karl (1886-1968) California, Berkeley Election: 1950, FHM Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Barton, Jacqueline K. (1952-) Affiliation at election: University of Basel Career description: Chemistry; Educator Election: 1991, Fellow Residence at election: Basel, Switzerland Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: California Institute Career description: Theologian; Educator of Technology Bartlett, Paul Doughty (1907-1997) Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Bartholomew, George Adelbert (1919- Election: 1946, Fellow Career description: Chemist; Educator 2006) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Current affiliation: Same Election: 1981, Fellow Residence at election: Weston, MA Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Chemist; Educator; Bartoshuk, Linda May (1938-) California, Los Angeles Academic administrator Election: 1995, Fellow Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Affiliation at election: Yale University Career description: Zoologist; Educator Bartlett, Willard (1846-1925) School of Medicine Election: 1918, Fellow Residence at election: New Haven, CT Bartlett, Elisha (1804-1855) Affiliation at election: Brooklyn, NY Career description: Psychologist; Educator Election: 1845, Fellow Residence at election: Brooklyn, NY Current affiliation: University of Florida Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Lawyer; Jurist Maryland Bartov, Omer (1954-) Residence at election: Lowell, MA Bartlett, William Holmes Chambers Election: 2005, Fellow Career description: Physician; Educator (1804-1893) Affiliation at election: Brown University Election: 1845, Associate Fellow Residence at election: Providence, RI Bartlett, Francis (1836-1913) Affiliation at election: U.S. Military Career description: Historian; Educator Election: 1892, Fellow Academy Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: West Point, NY Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Mathematician; Baruch, Jordan Jay (1923-2011) Career description: Financier; Lawyer; Art Astronomer; Educator; Army officer and Election: 1963, Fellow collector and patron engineer Affiliation at election: Bolt, Beranek & Newman, Inc. Bartlett, Frederic Charles (1886-1969) Bartlett, William Pitt Greenwood (1837- Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 1958, FHM 1865) Career description: Electrical engineer; Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1862, Fellow Company executive; Technology and Cambridge Affiliation at election: Harvard University management consultant Residence at election: Cambridge, England Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Psychologist; Career description: Mathematician; Educator; Research institution Research agency staff member administrator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 34

Barus, Carl (1856-1935) Basolo, Fred (1920-2007) Batchelder, John Montgomery (1811- Election: 1890, Associate Fellow Election: 1983, Fellow 1892) Affiliation at election: U.S. Geological Affiliation at election: Northwestern Election: 1866, Fellow Survey University Affiliation at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Washington, DC Residence at election: Evanston, IL Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Physicist; Educator; Career description: Chemist; Educator Career description: Engineer; Physicist; Government research agency staff Government research agency staff member Bass, Brenda L. (1955-) member Election: 2007, Fellow Barwise, Kenneth Jon (1942-2000) Affiliation at election: University of Utah Batchelor, George Keith (1920-2000) Election: 1999, Fellow Residence at election: Salt Lake City, UT Election: 1959, FHM Affiliation at election: Indiana University Career description: Biochemist; Molecular Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Bloomington, IN biologist; Educator Cambridge Career description: Mathematician; Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Cambridge, England Logician; Educator; Research institution Career description: Mathematician; administrator Bass, George F. (1932-) Educator Election: 2012, Fellow Baryshnikov, Mikhail (1948-) Affiliation at election: Texas A&M Bate, Walter Jackson (1918-1999) Election: 1999, Fellow University Election: 1957, Fellow Affiliation at election: New York, NY Residence at election: College Station, TX Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Nautical archaeologist; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Ballet dancer Academic research institution Career description: Language and literary Current affiliation: White Oak Dance administrator; Educator scholar; Educator Project Current affiliation: Same Bateman, Alan Mara (1889-1971) Barzun, Jacques (1907-2012) Bass, Hyman (1932-) Election: 1941, Fellow Election: 1954, Fellow Election: 1981, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: Columbia Affiliation at election: Columbia Residence at election: New Haven, CT University University Career description: Geologist; Educator Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Historian; Educator; Career description: Mathematician; Bates, Arlo (1850-1918) Cultural critic Educator Election: 1900, Fellow Current affiliation: University of Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Basaldella, Mirko (1910-1969) Michigan Institute of Technology Election: 1961, Fellow Residence at election: Boston, MA Affiliation at election: Harvard University Bassett, John Spencer (1867-1928) Career description: Language and literary Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 1921, Fellow scholar; Journalist; Author; Writer (poet) Career description: Artist (sculptor); Affiliation at election: Smith College Educator Residence at election: Northampton, MA Bates, David Robert (1916-1994) Career description: Historian; Educator Election: 1974, FHM Basbaum, Allan (1947-) Affiliation at election: Queen’s University Election: 2003, Fellow Bassler, Bonnie Lynn (1962-) Residence at election: Belfast, Northern Affiliation at election: University of Election: 2007, Fellow Ireland California, San Francisco Affiliation at election: Princeton Career description: Physicist; Educator Residence at election: San Francisco, CA University Career description: Neuroscientist; Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Bates, Frank S. (1954-) Educator Career description: Microbiologist; Election: 2010, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Geneticist; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Current affiliation: Same Minnesota Baskin, Leonard (1922-2000) Residence at election: Minneapolis, MN Election: 1966, Fellow Batchelder, Charles Foster (1856-1954) Career description: Chemical engineer; Affiliation at election: Smith College Election: 1932, Fellow Educator Residence at election: Northampton, MA Affiliation at election: New England Current affiliation: Same Career description: Artist (sculptor, Zoological Club Proceedings graphic artist, printer); Educator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Naturalist; Editor

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 35

Bates, Henry Moore (1869-1949) Bator, Francis Michael (1925-2018) Baumeister, Roy F. (1951-) Election: 1938, Fellow Election: 1970, Fellow Election: 2015, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Florida State Michigan Law School Residence at election: Cambridge, MA University Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Career description: Economist; Educator; Residence at election: Tallahassee, FL Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Government official Career description: Psychologist; Educator Academic administrator Current affiliation: Same Bator, Paul Michael (1929-1989) Bates, Joshua (1776-1854) Election: 1987, Fellow Baumeister, Wolfgang P. (1946-) Election: 1834, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Election: 2002, FHM Affiliation at election: Middlebury College Chicago Law School; Mayer, Brown & Affiliation at election: Max-Planck-Institut Residence at election: Middlebury, VT Platt für Biochemie Career description: Clergy member; Residence at election: Chicago, IL Residence at election: Martinsried, Academic administrator Career description: Lawyer; Educator Germany Career description: Biochemist; Bates, Marston (1906-1974) Batten, James Knox (1936-1995) Biophysicist; Research institution staff Election: 1958, Fellow Election: 1994, Fellow member and administrator; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Knight-Ridder, Inc. Current affiliation: Same Michigan Residence at election: Miami, FL Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Career description: Journalist; Editor; Baumgartner, Frank R. (1958-) Career description: Zoologist; Educator; Company executive Election: 2017, Fellow Foundation executive Affiliation at election: University of North Battersby, Alan Rushton (1925-) Carolina at Chapel Hill Bates, Robert Hinrichs (1942-) Election: 1988, FHM Residence at election: Chapel Hill, NC Election: 1991, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Political scientist; Affiliation at election: Duke University Cambridge Public policy expert; Educator Residence at election: Durham, NC Residence at election: Cambridge, England Current affiliation: Same Career description: Political scientist; Career description: Chemist; Educator Educator Current affiliation: Same Baumgartner, Leona (1902-1991) Current affiliation: Harvard University Election: 1969, Fellow Bauer, Louis Agricola (1865-1932) Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Bates, William Nickerson (1867-1949) Election: 1912, Fellow School Election: 1933, Fellow Affiliation at election: Carnegie Institution Residence at election: Boston, MA Affiliation at election: University of of Washington Career description: Pediatrician; Educator Pennsylvania Residence at election: Washington, DC Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Career description: Geophysicist; Baumol, William Jack (1922-2017) Career description: Classicist; Educator Magnetician; Research agency Election: 1971, Fellow administrator Affiliation at election: Princeton Bateson, Gregory (1904-1980) University; New York University Election: 1976, Fellow Bauer, Raymond Augustine (1916-1977) Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1962, Fellow Career description: Economist; Educator; California, Santa Cruz Affiliation at election: Harvard University Academic research institution Residence at election: Santa Cruz, CA Graduate School of Business administrator Career description: Anthropologist; Administration Ethnologist; Educator; Research Residence at election: Boston, MA Bausch, Pina (1940-2009) institution administrator Career description: Social psychologist; Election: 2009, FHM Educator Affiliation at election: Tanztheater Bather, Francis Arthur (1863-1934) Wuppertal Election: 1928, FHM Bauer, Walter (1898-1963) Residence at election: Wuppertal, Affiliation at election: British Museum Election: 1941, Fellow Germany Residence at election: London, England Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Career description: Director (ballet); Career description: Geologist; School; Massachusetts General Hospital Choreographer; Dancer Paleontologist; Museum curator Residence at election: Waban, MA Career description: Physician; Educator; Hospital administrator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 36

Bawa, Kamaljit Singh (1939-) Baxter, Richard Reeve (1921-1980) Bazzaz, Fakhri A. (1933-2008) Election: 2012, Fellow Election: 1970, Fellow Election: 1989, Fellow Affiliation at election: Ashoka Trust; Affiliation at election: Harvard Law School Affiliation at election: Harvard University University of Massachusetts Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Belmont, MA Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Career description: Ecologist; Botanist; Career description: Research institution Jurist Educator administrator and founder; Biologist; Conservationist; Educator Bayer, Herbert (1900-1985) Bea, Augustinus (1881-1968) Current affiliation: Same Election: 1979, Fellow Election: 1965, FHM Affiliation at election: Atlantic Richfield Affiliation at election: Secretariat for Bawendi, Moungi Gabriel (1961-) Company Promoting Christian Unity, Roman Election: 2004, Fellow Residence at election: Montecito, CA Catholic Church Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Career description: Artist (painter, Residence at election: Vatican City, Rome, Institute of Technology designer); Architect Italy Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Clergy member; Career description: Chemist; Educator Baylies, William (1743-1826) Theologian; Educator Current affiliation: Same Election: 1789, Fellow Affiliation at election: Dighton, MA Beach, Frank Ambrose (1911-1988) Bax, Adriaan (1956-) Residence at election: Dighton, MA Election: 1953, Fellow Election: 2002, Fellow Career description: Physician; Member, Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: National Institute of U.S. House of Representatives Residence at election: New Haven, CT Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Career description: Psychologist; Diseases Baylor, Denis Aristide (1940-) Educator; Museum curator Residence at election: Bethesda, MD Election: 1992, Fellow Career description: Biophysicist; Affiliation at election: Stanford University Beachy, Philip (1958-) Biochemist; Government research agency School of Medicine Election: 2003, Fellow staff member and administrator Residence at election: Stanford, CA Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Current affiliation: Same Career description: Neurobiologist; University School of Medicine Educator Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Baxandall, Michael (1933-2008) Current affiliation: Stanford School of Career description: Biochemist; Election: 1991, Fellow Medicine Developmental biologist; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Current affiliation: Stanford School of California, Berkeley Baym, Gordon Alan (1935-) Medicine Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Election: 1981, Fellow Career description: Historian (art); Affiliation at election: University of Beadle, George Wells (1903-1989) Educator Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Election: 1946, Fellow Residence at election: Urbana, IL Affiliation at election: California Institute Baxter, Gregory Paul (1876-1953) Career description: Physicist; Educator of Technology Election: 1907, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Palo Alto, CA Affiliation at election: Harvard University Career description: Biologist; Educator; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Bazant, Zdenek P. (1937-) Academic administrator Career description: Chemist; Educator Election: 2008, Fellow Affiliation at election: Northwestern Beak, Peter Andrew (1936-) Baxter III, James Phinney (1893-1975) University Election: 2004, Fellow Election: 1928, Fellow Residence at election: Evanston, IL Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Career description: Engineer; Educator Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Urbana, IL Career description: Historian; Educator; Career description: Chemist; Educator Academic administrator Bazelon, David Lionel (1909-1993) Current affiliation: Same Election: 1970, Fellow Baxter, James Phinney (1831-1921) Affiliation at election: U.S. Court of Beale, Jr., Joseph Henry (1861-1943) Election: 1915, Fellow Appeals; Johns Hopkins University Election: 1906, Fellow Affiliation at election: Portland Savings School of Medicine Affiliation at election: Harvard University Bank Residence at election: Washington, DC Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Portland, ME Career description: Lawyer; Jurist Career description: Lawyer; Educator Career description: Banker; Historian; Government official

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 37

Beall, Cynthia M. (1949-) Beardsley, Monroe Curtis (1915-1986) Bebchuk, Lucian Arye (1955-) Election: 2013, Fellow Election: 1976, Fellow Election: 2000, Fellow Affiliation at election: Case Western Affiliation at election: Temple University Affiliation at election: Harvard Law School Reserve University Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Euclid, OH Career description: Philosopher; Educator Career description: Lawyer; Economist; Career description: Anthropologist; Educator Educator Bearman, Peter Shawn (1956-) Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Election: 2008, Fellow Affiliation at election: Columbia Bechtel, Riley Peart (1952-) Beams, Jesse Wakefield (1898-1977) University Election: 2001, Fellow Election: 1949, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: Bechtel Group, Inc. Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Sociologist; Educator Residence at election: San Francisco, CA Virginia Current affiliation: Same Career description: Company executive Residence at election: Charlottesville, VA (engineering and construction) Career description: Physicist; Educator Beasley, Malcolm Roy (1940-) Current affiliation: Same Election: 1991, Fellow Bean, Bruce Palmer (1951-) Affiliation at election: Stanford University Bechtel, Jr., Stephen Davison (1925-) Election: 2014, Fellow Residence at election: Stanford, CA Election: 1990, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Career description: Physicist; Educator; Affiliation at election: Bechtel Group, Inc. School Academic administrator Residence at election: San Francisco, CA Residence at election: Boston, MA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Engineer; Company Career description: Neurobiologist; executive (engineering) Educator Beatley, Bancroft (1894-1992) Current affiliation: Bechtel Group, Inc.; Current affiliation: Same Election: 1949, Fellow The Fremont Group Affiliation at election: Simmons College Bean, Charles Palmer (1923-1996) Residence at election: Boston, MA Beck, Aaron T. (1921-) Election: 1979, Fellow Career description: Education specialist; Election: 2007, Fellow Affiliation at election: General Electric Academic administrator Affiliation at election: University of Company; State University of New York Pennsylvania at Albany Beattie, Ann (1947-) Residence at election: Wynnewood, PA Residence at election: Schenectady, NY Election: 2004, Fellow Career description: Psychologist; Educator Career description: Biophysicist; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Current affiliation: Same Virginia Bear, Mark Firman (1957-) Residence at election: Charlottesville, VA Beck, Charles (1798-1866) Election: 2004, Fellow Career description: Writer (short story Election: 1845, Fellow Affiliation at election: Massachusetts writer, novelist); Educator Affiliation at election: Harvard University Institute of Technology Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Classicist; Educator Career description: Neuroscientist; Beattie, James Alexander (1895-1981) Educator Election: 1929, Fellow Beck, Lewis White (1913-1997) Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 1963, Fellow Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: University of Bear, Richard Scott (1908-1994) Residence at election: Brookline, MA Rochester Election: 1954, Fellow Career description: Chemist; Educator Residence at election: Rochester, NY Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Career description: Philosopher; Educator Institute of Technology Beazley, John Davidson (1885-1970) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 1954, FHM Beck, Nathaniel (1947-) Career description: Molecular biologist; Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Election: 2006, Fellow Biophysicist; Educator; Academic Residence at election: Oxford, England Affiliation at election: New York administrator Career description: Archaeologist; University Educator Residence at election: New York, NY Beard, Winifred Mary (1955-) Career description: Political scientist; Election: 2011, FHM Bebbington, Anthony J. (1962-) Educator Affiliation at election: University of Election: 2014, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Cambridge Affiliation at election: Clark University Residence at election: Cambridge, England Residence at election: Worcester, MA Career description: Classicist; Columnist; Career description: Geographer; Educator Agricultural scientist; Educator Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 38

Becker, Carl Lotus (1873-1945) Beckwith, Jonathan Roger (1935-) Beerman, Wolfgang Wilhelm Walter Election: 1923, Fellow Election: 1986, Fellow (1921-2000) Affiliation at election: Cornell University Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Election: 1972, FHM Residence at election: Ithaca, NY School Affiliation at election: Max-Planck-Institut Career description: Historian; Educator Residence at election: Boston, MA fur Biologie Career description: Geneticist; Educator Residence at election: Tubingen, Germany Becker, Gary Stanley (1930-2014) Current affiliation: Same Career description: Geneticist; Research Election: 1972, Fellow institution administrator Affiliation at election: University of Beckwith, Steven Van Walter (1951-) Chicago Election: 2004, Fellow Beers, Roland Frank (1899-1985) Residence at election: Chicago, IL Affiliation at election: Space Telescope Election: 1946, Fellow Career description: Economist; Educator Science Institute Affiliation at election: Geotechnical Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Corporation of Canada, Ltd.; Becker, Howard S. (1928-) Career description: Astronomer; Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Election: 1993, Fellow institution administrator; Educator Residence at election: Lincoln, MA Affiliation at election: University of Current affiliation: Same Career description: Geologist; Washington Geophysicist; Company research scientist Residence at election: Seattle, WA Bedier, Joseph (1864-1938) and executive Career description: Sociologist; Educator; Election: 1929, FHM Private and academic research Affiliation at election: Collège de France Beeson, Charles Henry (1870-1949) organization staff member Residence at election: Paris, France Election: 1935, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Career description: Literary scholar; Affiliation at election: University of Educator Chicago Beckerle, Mary Catherine (1954-) Residence at election: Chicago, IL Election: 2008, Fellow Beebe, Ralph Alonzo (1898-1979) Career description: Classicist; Affiliation at election: University of Utah Election: 1960, Fellow Paleographer; Educator Residence at election: Salt Lake City, UT Affiliation at election: Amherst College Career description: Molecular and cellular Residence at election: Amherst, MA Beeson, Paul Bruce (1908-2006) biologist; Research institution Career description: Chemist; Educator Election: 1958, Fellow administrator; Educator Affiliation at election: Yale University Current affiliation: Same Beebe-Center, John Gilbert (1897-1958) School of Medicine Election: 1933, Fellow Residence at election: New Haven, CT Beckett, Samuel (1906-1989) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Career description: Physician; Educator Election: 1968, FHM Residence at election: Swampscott, MA Affiliation at election: Paris, France Career description: Psychologist; Educator Beevers, Harry (1924-2004) Residence at election: Paris, France Election: 1973, Fellow Career description: Writer (playwright, Beecher, Henry Knowles (1904-1976) Affiliation at election: University of novelist) Election: 1955, Fellow California, Santa Cruz Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Residence at election: Santa Cruz, CA Becklin, Eric E. (1940-) School Career description: Biologist; Plant Election: 2009, Fellow Residence at election: Boston, MA physiologist; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Anesthesiologist; California, Los Angeles Educator Behrend, Bernard Arthur (1875-1932) Residence at election: Mountain View, CA Election: 1917, Fellow Career description: Astronomer; Research Beer, Gillian Patricia (1932-) Affiliation at election: Boston, MA institution scientist and administrator; Election: 2001, FHM Residence at election: Boston, MA Educator Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Electrical engineer; Current affiliation: Same Cambridge Company executive Residence at election: Cambridge, England Beckman, Arnold Orville (1900-2004) Career description: Language and literary Behrensmeyer, Anna Katherine (1946-) Election: 1976, Fellow scholar; Educator; Academic Election: 2011, Fellow Affiliation at election: Beckman administrator Affiliation at election: Smithsonian Instruments, Inc. Current affiliation: Same Institution Residence at election: Irvine, CA Residence at election: Arlington, VA Career description: Chemist; Company Beer, Samuel Hutchison (1911-2009) Career description: Paleontologist; founder and executive (scientific Election: 1955, Fellow Museum administrator instruments) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Political scientist; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 39

Behring, Emil Adolph von (1854-1917) Belaunde y Diez Canceco, Victor Andres Election: 1902, FHM (1883-1966) Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1944, FHM Marburg Affiliation at election: Lima, Peru Residence at election: Marburg, Germany Residence at election: Lima, Peru Career description: Physician; Career description: Diplomat; Educator Bacteriologist; Academic research agency administrator Belcher, Angela M. (1967-) Election: 2012, Fellow Behrman, Samuel Nathaniel (1893-1973) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 1959, Fellow Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Lexington, MA Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Materials chemist; Career description: Writer (playwright) Educator Current affiliation: Same Alexander Graham Bell, elected 1877. Image Beidler, Lloyd M. (1922-2003) donated by Corbis-Bettmann Election: 1975, Fellow Belden, Charles Francis Dorr (1870- Bell, Alexander Graham (1847-1922) Affiliation at election: Florida State 1931) Election: 1877, Fellow University Election: 1928, Associate Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston University Residence at election: Tallahassee, FL Affiliation at election: Boston Public Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Physiologist; Library Career description: Inventor; Educator Biophysicist; Educator Residence at election: Jamaica Plain, MA Career description: Librarian Bell, Alexis T. (1942-) Beilinson, Alexander A. (1957-) Election: 2007, Fellow Election: 2008, Fellow Belding, David Lawrence (1884-1970) Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1947, Fellow California, Berkeley Chicago Affiliation at election: Boston University Residence at election: Oakland, CA Residence at election: River Forest, IL School of Medicine Career description: Chemical engineer; Career description: Mathematician; Residence at election: Boston, MA Educator Educator Career description: Bacteriologist; Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Pathologist; Educator; Research institution administrator Bell, C. Gordon (Chester Gordon) Beinert, Helmut (1913-2007) (1934-) Election: 1979, Fellow Belfort, Marlene (1945-) Election: 1994, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1994, Fellow Affiliation at election: Bell-Mason Group Wisconsin, Madison Affiliation at election: New York State Residence at election: Los Altos, CA Residence at election: Madison, WI Department of Health Career description: Electrical engineer; Career description: Biochemist; Educator Residence at election: Albany, NY Company research and development Career description: Geneticist; executive (computers) Beitz, Charles R. (1949-) Government research institution Current affiliation: Microsoft Corporation Election: 2008, Fellow administrator; Educator Affiliation at election: Princeton Current affiliation: State University of Bell, Daniel (1919-2011) University New York at Albany Election: 1964, Fellow Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Affiliation at election: Columbia Career description: Political scientist; Belin, Gaspard d’Andelot (1918-2003) University Educator Election: 1965, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Choate, Hall and Career description: Sociologist; Educator Stewart Bekker, Immanuel (August Immanuel) Residence at election: Boston, MA Bell, David Elliott (1919-2000) (1785-1871) Career description: Lawyer Election: 1962, Fellow Election: 1861, FHM Affiliation at election: U.S. Bureau of the Affiliation at election: University of Berlin Belknap, Jeremy (1744-1798) Budget Residence at election: Berlin, Germany Election: 1785, Fellow Residence at election: Washington, DC Career description: Classicist; Philologist; Affiliation at election: Dover, NH Career description: Economist; Educator; Educator Residence at election: Dover, NH Government official; Foundation Career description: Historian; Clergy executive member

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 40

Bell, Elliott Vallance (1902-1983) Bellah, Robert Neelly (1927-2013) Bement, Jr., Arden Lee (1932-) Election: 1963, Fellow Election: 1967, Fellow Election: 2004, Fellow Affiliation at election: Business Week Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: National Institute of Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Standards and Technology; National Career description: Journalist; Editor; Career description: Sociologist; Educator Science Foundation Publisher Residence at election: Gaithersburg, MD Bellman, Richard Ernest (1920-1984) Career description: Metallurgist; Materials Bell, Graeme I. (1948-) Election: 1975, Fellow engineer; Government agency and Election: 2008, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of company researcher and administrator; Affiliation at election: University of Southern California Educator Chicago Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Current affiliation: National Science Residence at election: Chicago, IL Career description: Mathematician; Foundation Career description: Geneticist; Educator Electrical engineer; Educator Current affiliation: Same Bemis, George (1816-1878) Bellow, Saul (1915-2005) Election: 1865, Fellow Bell, Graham A. C. (1949-) Election: 1969, Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Election: 2014, FHM Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Boston, MA Affiliation at election: McGill University Chicago Career description: Lawyer; Writer Residence at election: Montreal, Quebec, Residence at election: Chicago, IL Canada Career description: Writer (novelist, Bemis, Samuel Flagg (1891-1973) Career description: Evolutionary biologist; playwright); Educator Election: 1958, Fellow Educator Affiliation at election: Yale University Current affiliation: Same Belluschi, Pietro (1899-1994) Residence at election: New Haven, CT Election: 1952, Fellow Career description: Historian; Educator Bell, John Stewart (1928-1990) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 1987, FHM Institute of Technology Ben Arous, Gérard (1957-) Affiliation at election: Conseil Européen Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 2015, Fellow pour la Recherche Nucléaire Career description: Architect; Educator; Affiliation at election: New York Residence at election: Geneva, Switzerland Academic administrator University Career description: Physicist; Government Residence at election: New York, NY research institution staff member Belnap, Nuel (1930-) Career description: Mathematician; Election: 2008, Fellow Statistician; Educator Bell, Louis (1864-1923) Affiliation at election: University of Current affiliation: Same Election: 1905, Fellow Pittsburgh Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Pittsburgh, PA Benabou, Roland J.M. (1957-) Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Philosopher; Election: 2011, Fellow Career description: Engineer; Physicist; Historian; Educator Affiliation at election: Princeton Company executive Current affiliation: Same University Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Bell, Luther Vose (1806-1862) Belting, Hans (1935-) Career description: Economist; Educator Election: 1858, Fellow Election: 1992, FHM Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Charlestown, MA Affiliation at election: Universität Residence at election: Charlestown, MA Munchen Benacerraf, Baruj (1920-2011) Career description: Physician; Medical Residence at election: Munich, Germany Election: 1971, Fellow administrator Career description: Historian (art); Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Educator School Bell, Ronald Percy (1907-1996) Current affiliation: Internationales Residence at election: Boston, MA Election: 1974, FHM Forschungszentrum Kulturwissenschaften Career description: Pathologist; Affiliation at election: University of Immunologist; Educator Stirling Belytschko, Ted (1943-2014) Residence at election: Stirling, Scotland Election: 2002, Fellow Benacerraf, Paul Joseph Salomon (1931-) Career description: Chemist; Educator Affiliation at election: Northwestern Election: 1998, Fellow University Affiliation at election: Princeton Bell, Stoughton (1874-1967) Residence at election: Evanston, IL University Election: 1936, Fellow Career description: Mechanical engineer; Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Affiliation at election: Putnam, Bell, Dutch Educator Career description: Philosopher; Educator and Santry Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Lawyer

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 41

Benatar, Solomon R. (1942-) Benedict, Manson (1907-2006) Benirschke, Kurt (1924-) Election: 1996, FHM Election: 1952, Fellow Election: 1994, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Cape Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: University of Town; Groote Schuur Hospital Institute of Technology California, San Diego Residence at election: Newlands, South Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: San Diego, CA Africa Career description: Chemist; Nuclear Career description: Pathologist; Educator Career description: Physician; Bioethicist; engineer; Educator Current affiliation: University of Educator California, San Diego School of Medicine Current affiliation: University of Cape Benedict, Ruth Fulton (1887-1948) Town Election: 1947, Fellow Benitez, Jaime (1908-2001) Affiliation at election: Columbia Election: 1956, Fellow Ben-David, Joseph (1920-1986) University Affiliation at election: University of Puerto Election: 1971, FHM Residence at election: New York, NY Rico Affiliation at election: Hebrew University Career description: Anthropologist; Residence at election: Rio Piedras, PR of Jerusalem Educator; Academic administrator Career description: Academic Residence at election: Jerusalem, Israel administrator; Member, U.S. House of Career description: Sociologist; Educator Benet, Stephen Vincent (1898-1943) Representatives; Educator Election: 1931, Fellow Bender, Thomas (1944-) Affiliation at election: New York, NY Benkovic, Stephen James (1938-) Election: 1994, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Election: 1984, Fellow Affiliation at election: New York Career description: Writer (poet, novelist, Affiliation at election: Pennsylvania State University short story writer) University Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: University Park, PA Career description: Historian; Educator; Benfey, Christopher (1954-) Career description: Chemist; Educator Academic administrator Election: 2012, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Mount Holyoke College Bennack, Jr., Frank A. (1933-) Bendix, Reinhard (1916-1991) Residence at election: Amherst, MA Election: 2007, Fellow Election: 1969, Fellow Career description: Literary scholar; Affiliation at election: Hearst Corporation Affiliation at election: University of Writer (essayist, memoirist, critic); Residence at election: New Canaan, CT California, Berkeley Educator Career description: Company executive; Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Current affiliation: Same Trustee Career description: Sociologist; Educator Current affiliation: Same Benhabib, Seyla (1950-) Bendor, Jonathan (1950-) Election: 1995, Fellow Bennet, Jr., Douglas Joseph (1938-) Election: 2004, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Election: 2011, Fellow Affiliation at election: Stanford University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: Wesleyan Residence at election: Stanford, CA Career description: Political philosopher University Career description: Political scientist; Current affiliation: Yale University Residence at election: Old Lyme, CT Educator Career description: Academic Current affiliation: Stanford Graduate Benichou, Paul (1908-2001) administrator; Government official; School of Business Election: 1976, Fellow Media and non-profit administrator Affiliation at election: Harvard University Current affiliation: Same Benedek, George Bernard (1928-) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 1984, Fellow Career description: Language and literary Bennett, Albert Arnold (1888-1971) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts scholar; Educator Election: 1932, Fellow Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: Brown University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Benioff, Victor Hugo (1899-1968) Residence at election: Providence, RI Career description: Physicist; Educator Election: 1958, Fellow Career description: Mathematician; Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: California Institute Educator of Technology Benedict, Francis Gano (1870-1957) Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Bennett, Albert F. (1944-) Election: 1909, Fellow Career description: Seismologist; Educator Election: 1994, Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston Nutrition Affiliation at election: University of Laboratory California, Irvine Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Irvine, CA Career description: Chemist; Physiologist; Career description: Zoologist; Research institution administrator Evolutionary biologist; Educator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 42

Bennett, Charles L. (1956-) Bennett, Jean (1954-) Bent, Margaret Hilda (1940-) Election: 2004, Fellow Election: 2015, Fellow Election: 1994, FHM Affiliation at election: National Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Aeronautics and Space Administration Pennsylvania Perelman School of Residence at election: Oxford, England Residence at election: Greenbelt, MD Medicine Career description: Musicologist; Educator Career description: Astrophysicist; Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Current affiliation: Same Government research agency staff Career description: Molecular member and administrator ophthalmologist; Educator Bentham, George (1800-1884) Current affiliation: Johns Hopkins Current affiliation: Same Election: 1866, FHM University Affiliation at election: Royal Botanical Bennett, Joe Claude (1933-) Gardens at Kew Bennett, Edmund Hatch (1824-1898) Election: 1996, Fellow Residence at election: London, England Election: 1892, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Botanist; Research Affiliation at election: Boston University Alabama institution staff member Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Birmingham, AL Career description: Lawyer; Jurist; Career description: Immunologist; Bentley, Eric (1916-) Academic administrator Rheumatologist; Educator; Academic Election: 1969, Fellow administrator; Company executive Affiliation at election: Columbia Bennett, G. Vann (1948-) (pharmaceuticals) University Election: 2009, Fellow Current affiliation: BioCryst Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: Duke University Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Career description: Writer (playwright); Medical Center Drama scholar and critic; Educator Residence at election: Hillsborough, NC Bennett, Jonathan Francis (1930-) Current affiliation: New York, NY Career description: Cell biologist; Election: 1985, Fellow Educator; Academic research institution Affiliation at election: Syracuse University Bentley, Gerald Eades (1901-1994) scientist Residence at election: Syracuse, NY Election: 1975, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Career description: Philosopher; Educator Affiliation at election: Princeton University Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Bennett, Henry Stanley (1910-1992) Career description: Language and literary Election: 1957, Fellow Benson, Andrew Alm (1917-2015) scholar; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1981, Fellow Washington Affiliation at election: University of Benz, Jr., Edward John (1946-) Residence at election: Seattle, WA California, San Diego Election: 2004, Fellow Career description: Anatomist; Cell Residence at election: San Diego, CA Affiliation at election: Dana-Farber biologist; Educator; Academic and Career description: Biochemist; Educator Cancer Institute; Harvard Medical School research institution administrator Residence at election: Boston, MA Benson, Frank Weston (1862-1951) Career description: Hematologist; Bennett, Jr., Ivan Loveridge (1922-1990) Election: 1926, Fellow Geneticist; Educator; Hospital and Election: 1972, Fellow Affiliation at election: Salem, MA medical research institution administrator Affiliation at election: New York Residence at election: Salem, MA Current affiliation: Same University School of Medicine; New York Career description: Artist (painter); University Medical Center Etcher; Educator Benz, Ernst Wilhelm (1907-1978) Residence at election: New York, NY Election: 1965, FHM Career description: Physician; Educator; Benson, John Howard (1901-1956) Affiliation at election: University of Academic administrator Election: 1955, Fellow Marburg Affiliation at election: John Stevens Residence at election: Marburg, Germany Bennett, Jack Arthur Walter (1911-1981) Stonecutting Shop; Rhode Island School Career description: Theologian; Historian; Election: 1976, FHM of Design Educator Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Newport, RI Cambridge Career description: Artist (calligrapher, Benzer, Seymour (1921-2007) Residence at election: Cambridge, England sculptor); Educator; Company executive Election: 1959, Fellow Career description: Language and literary Affiliation at election: Purdue University scholar; Educator Benson, Larry Dean (1929-2015) Residence at election: Lafayette, IN Election: 1982, Fellow Career description: Neuroscientist; Affiliation at election: Harvard University Educator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Language and literary scholar; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 43

Beranek, Leo Leroy (1914-2016) Berend, Ivan T. (1930-) Bergdoll, Barry (1955-) Election: 1952, Fellow Election: 2015, Fellow Election: 2012, Fellow Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Museum of Modern Institute of Technology California, Los Angeles Art; Columbia University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Acoustician; Company Career description: Historian; Economist; Career description: Historian executive (consulting and broadcasting) Educator (architecture); Museum curator; Art Current affiliation: Same critic; Writer (essayist, art theory); Bercaw, John E. (1944-) Professional society administrator; Election: 1991, Fellow Berenson, Bernard (1865-1959) Educator Affiliation at election: California Institute Election: 1958, FHM Current affiliation: Same of Technology Affiliation at election: Florence, Italy Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Residence at election: Florence, Italy Bergen, Joseph Young (1851-1917) Career description: Chemist; Educator Career description: Historian (art) Election: 1915, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Boston English Berestycki, Henri (1951-) High School Bercovici, David (1960-) Election: 2013, FHM Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 2015, Fellow Affiliation at election: Écoles des Hautes Career description: Botanist; Educator Affiliation at election: Yale University Études En Sciences Sociales Residence at election: New Haven, CT Residence at election: Paris, France Berger, Arthur Victor (1912-2003) Career description: Geophysicist; Career description: Mathematician; Election: 1971, Fellow Mechanical engineer; Educator Educator Affiliation at election: Brandeis University Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Waltham, MA Career description: Musician (composer, Bercovitch, Sacvan (1933-2014) Berg, Howard Curtis (1934-) music critic); Educator Election: 1986, Fellow Election: 1985, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: California Institute Berger, Bonnie (1961-) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA of Technology Election: 2012, Fellow Career description: Language and literary Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Affiliation at election: Massachusetts scholar; Educator Career description: Biophysicist; Educator Institute of Technology Current affiliation: Harvard University Residence at election: Newtonville, MA Berdahl, Robert M. (1937-) Career description: Mathematician; Election: 1999, Fellow Berg, Jeremy M. (1958-) Computer Scientist; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Election: 2017, Fellow Current affiliation: Same California, Berkeley Affiliation at election: American Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Association for the Advancement of Berger, Harry (1924-) Career description: Historian; Educator; Science; University of Pittsburgh Election: 2006, Fellow Academic administrator Residence at election: Pittsburgh, PA Affiliation at election: University of Current affiliation: University of Oregon Career description: Biologist; Research California, Santa Cruz institution administrator; Editor; Residence at election: Santa Cruz, CA Berelson, Bernard Reuben (1912-1979) Educator Career description: Literary scholar; Election: 1962, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Philosopher; Educator Affiliation at election: Population Council Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: New York, NY Berg, Paal Olav (1873-1968) Career description: Sociologist; Educator; Election: 1947, FHM Berger, James M. (1968-) Foundation executive Affiliation at election: Oslo, Norway Election: 2012, Fellow Residence at election: Oslo, Norway Affiliation at election: University of Berenbaum, May Roberta (1953-) Career description: Lawyer; Jurist; California, Berkeley Election: 1996, Fellow Government official Residence at election: Kensington, CA Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Biochemist; Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Berg, Paul (1926-) Biophysicist; Structural biologist; Residence at election: Urbana, IL Election: 1966, Fellow Educator Career description: Entomologist; Affiliation at election: Stanford University Current affiliation: Same Educator School of Medicine Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Stanford, CA Berger, Karol (1948-) Career description: Biochemist; Educator; Election: 2014, Fellow Academic research agency administrator Affiliation at election: Stanford University Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Musicologist; Art scholar; Educator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 44

Berger, Marsha J. (1953-) Bergman, Robert George (1942-) Berko, Stephan (1924-1991) Election: 2011, Fellow Election: 1984, Fellow Election: 1977, Fellow Affiliation at election: Courant Institute of Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Brandeis University Mathematical Sciences, New York California, Berkeley Residence at election: Waltham, MA University Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Physicist; Educator Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Chemist; Educator Career description: Mathematician; Current affiliation: Same Berkowitz, Leonard (1926-2016) Computer Scientist; Educator Election: 1993, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Bergman, Stefan (1895-1977) Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1951, Fellow Wisconsin, Madison Berger, Peter Ludwig (1929-2017) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Madison, WI Election: 1982, Fellow Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Psychologist; Educator Affiliation at election: Boston University Career description: Mathematician; Residence at election: Boston, MA Electrical engineer; Educator Berle, Jr., Adolf Augustus (1895-1971) Career description: Sociologist; Educator; Election: 1944, Fellow Academic research agency administrator Bergson, Abram (1914-2003) Affiliation at election: U.S. Department of Election: 1963, Fellow State Berger, Shelley L. (1954-) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Washington, DC Election: 2013, Fellow Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Economist; Educator Government official Pennsylvania Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Bergson, Henri Louis (1859-1941) Berlekamp, Elwyn (1940-) Career description: Cell biologist; Election: 1928, FHM Election: 1996, Fellow Developmental biologist; Educator Affiliation at election: Collège de France Affiliation at election: University of Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Paris, France California, Berkeley Career description: Philosopher; Educator; Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Berger, Suzanne (1939-) Diplomat Career description: Mathematician; Election: 1978, Fellow Electrical engineer; Educator; Business Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Bergstrom, Sune (Karl Sune Detlof) entrepreneur; Company executive Institute of Technology (1916-2004) Current affiliation: Oakland, CA Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 1966, FHM Career description: Political scientist; Affiliation at election: Karolinska Institute Berlin, Ira (1941-) Educator Residence at election: Stockholm, Sweden Election: 2004, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Career description: Biochemist; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Maryland Berggren, Per-Olof (1954-) Berio, Luciano (1925-2003) Residence at election: College Park, MD Election: 2017, FHM Election: 1994, FHM Career description: Historian; Educator Affiliation at election: Karolinska Instituet Affiliation at election: Siena, Italy Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Stockholm, Sweden Residence at election: Siena, Italy Career description: Endocrinologist; Career description: Musician (composer, Berlin, Isaiah (1909-1997) Educator conductor) Election: 1959, FHM Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Berk, Arnold J. (1949-) Residence at election: Oxford, England Bergius, Petter Jonas (1730-1790) Election: 1998, Fellow Career description: Philosopher; Political Election: 1785, FHM Affiliation at election: University of scientist; Educator; Academic Affiliation at election: Collegium California, Los Angeles administrator Medicum Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Residence at election: Stockholm, Sweden Career description: Microbiologist; Berlin, Overton Brent (1936-) Career description: Botanist; Educator Educator Election: 1981, Fellow Current affiliation: David Geffen School Affiliation at election: University of Bergman, Ingmar (1918-2007) of Medicine at UCLA California, Berkeley Election: 1961, FHM Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Affiliation at election: Malmo, Sweden Berkner, Lloyd Viel (1905-1967) Career description: Anthropologist; Residence at election: Malmo, Sweden Election: 1956, Fellow Educator Career description: Writer; Film director Affiliation at election: Associated Current affiliation: University of Georgia and producer Universities, Inc. Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Physicist; Engineer; Research institution administrator; Foundation executive

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 45

Berliner, Paul Franklin (1946-) Bernanke, Ben S. (1953-) Bernhard, Carl Gustaf (1910-2001) Election: 2004, Fellow Election: 2001, Fellow Election: 1976, FHM Affiliation at election: Northwestern Affiliation at election: Princeton Affiliation at election: Royal Swedish University University Academy of Sciences Residence at election: Evanston, IL Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Residence at election: Stockholm, Sweden Career description: Musicologist; Educator Career description: Economist; Educator Career description: Physiologist; Educator; Current affiliation: Duke University Current affiliation: Brookings Institution Learned society administrator

Berliner, Robert William (1915-2002) Bernard, Lewis W. (1941-) Bernheim, B. Douglas (1958-) Election: 1961, Fellow Election: 2002, Fellow Election: 1997, Fellow Affiliation at election: National Institutes Affiliation at election: Morgan Stanley and Affiliation at election: Stanford University of Health Co.; Classroom, Inc. Residence at election: Stanford, CA Residence at election: Bethesda, MD Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Economist; Educator Career description: Physiologist; Educator; Career description: Company executive Current affiliation: Same Academic administrator (finance); Foundation executive; Nonprofit institution administrator Bernstein, Charles (1950-) Berlowitz, Leslie Cohen (1944-) Current affiliation: Classroom, Inc. Election: 2006, Fellow Election: 2004, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: American Academy Berne, Bruce J. (1940-) Pennsylvania of Arts and Sciences Election: 1995, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: Columbia Career description: Literary scholar; Career description: Academic University Writer (poet); Educator administrator; Learned society Residence at election: New York, NY Current affiliation: Same administrator; Literary scholar Career description: Chemist; Educator Current affiliation: Cambridge, MA Current affiliation: Same Bernstein, Jane A. (1947-) Election: 2005, Fellow Berman, Harold J. (1918-2007) Berne, Robert (1948-) Affiliation at election: Tufts University Election: 1997, Fellow Election: 2009, Fellow Residence at election: Medford, MA Affiliation at election: Emory University; Affiliation at election: New York Career description: Musicologist; Educator Harvard University University Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Atlanta, GA Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Lawyer; Educator Career description: Education and public affairs specialist; Educator; Academic Berman, Mandell (Bill) Leslie (1917- administrator 2016) Current affiliation: Same Election: 2013, Fellow Affiliation at election: The Mandell L. and Berne, Robert Matthew (1918-2001) Madeleine H. Berman Foundation Election: 1995, Fellow Residence at election: Franklin, MI Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Company executive Virginia School of Medicine (real estate development); Philanthropist; Residence at election: Charlottesville, VA Foundation founder and executive Career description: Physiologist; Educator

Bern, Howard Alan (1920-2012) Berner, Robert Arbuckle (1935-2015) Election: 1985, Fellow Election: 1991, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Yale University Leonard Bernstein, elected 1951. Image donated California, Berkeley Residence at election: New Haven, CT by Corbis-Bettmann Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Geochemist; Educator Bernstein, Leonard (1918-1990) Career description: Endocrinologist; Election: 1951, Fellow Educator Berners-Lee, Timothy J. (1955-) Affiliation at election: Berkshire Music Election: 2001, Fellow Center Bernal, Ignacio (1910-1992) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: New York, NY Election: 1965, FHM Institute of Technology; World Wide Career description: Musician (composer, Affiliation at election: Universidad Web Consortium conductor); Educator Nacional Autónoma de Mexico; Museo Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Nacional de Antropologia Career description: Computer scientist; Residence at election: Mexico City, Mexico Academic research institution staff Career description: Archaeologist; member Educator; Museum administrator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 46

Bernstein, Marver Hillel (1919-1990) Berry, Edward Wilber (1875-1945) Berryman, John (1914-1972) Election: 1970, Fellow Election: 1921, Fellow Election: 1967, Fellow Affiliation at election: Princeton Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Affiliation at election: Minneapolis, MN University University; U.S. Geological Survey Residence at election: Minneapolis, MN Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Career description: Writer (poet) Career description: Political scientist; Career description: Paleobotanist; Educator; Academic administrator Educator; Academic administrator Bers, Lipman (1914-1993) Election: 1961, Fellow Bernstein, Michael Andre (1947-2011) Berry, George Packer (1898-1986) Affiliation at election: New York Election: 1995, Fellow Election: 1950, Fellow University Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Residence at election: New York, NY California, Berkeley School Career description: Mathematician; Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Residence at election: Boston, MA Educator Career description: Language and literary Career description: Physician; Educator; scholar; Educator Academic administrator Bersani, Leo (1931-) Election: 1992, Fellow Bernstein, Richard Barry (1923-1990) Berry, Mary Elizabeth (1947-) Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1970, Fellow Election: 2009, Fellow California, Berkeley Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Wisconsin, Madison California, Berkeley Career description: Language and literary Residence at election: Madison, WI Residence at election: Berkeley, CA scholar; Educator Career description: Chemist; Educator Career description: Historian; Educator; Current affiliation: Same Academic and research institution Berresford, Susan Vail (1943-) administrator Berscheid, Ellen S. (1936-) Election: 1998, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Election: 1998, Fellow Affiliation at election: Ford Foundation Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: New York, NY Berry, Richard Stephen (1931-) Minnesota Career description: Foundation executive Election: 1978, Fellow Residence at election: Minneapolis, MN Current affiliation: New York Community Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Psychologist; Educator Trust Chicago Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Chicago, IL Berridge, Michael John (1938-) Career description: Chemist; Educator Bersohn, Richard (1925-2003) Election: 1999, FHM Current affiliation: Same Election: 1962, Fellow Affiliation at election: Babraham Institute Affiliation at election: Columbia Residence at election: Cambridge, England Berry, Sara Sweezy (1945-) University Career description: Cell biologist; Election: 2001, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Research institution administrator Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Career description: Chemist; Educator Current affiliation: University of University Cambridge Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Berson, Jerome Abraham (1924-2017) Career description: Historian; Election: 1971, Fellow Berry, Brian Joe Lobley (1934-) Anthropologist; Educator Affiliation at election: Yale University Election: 1976, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: New Haven, CT Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Chemist; Educator Chicago Berry, Steven T. (1958-) Residence at election: Chicago, IL Election: 2014, Fellow Berthelot, Marcelin (Pierre Eugene Career description: Geographer; Educator; Affiliation at election: Yale University Marcelin) (1827-1907) Academic administrator Residence at election: New Haven, CT Election: 1880, FHM Current affiliation: University of Texas at Career description: Economist; Educator Affiliation at election: Collège de France; Dallas Current affiliation: Same Ecole de Pharmacie Residence at election: Paris, France Berry, Charles Harold (1889-1965) Berry, Wendell E. (1934-) Career description: Chemist; Educator; Election: 1931, Fellow Election: 2013, Fellow Government official Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Port Royal, KY Residence at election: Belmont, MA Residence at election: Port Royal, KY Career description: Mechanical engineer; Career description: Writer (novelist, Educator essayist, poet); Conservationist Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 47

Berthollet, Claude Louis, Comte (1748- Besley, Timothy J. (1961-) Betancourt, Philip P. (1936-) 1822) Election: 2011, FHM Election: 2007, Fellow Election: 1822, FHM Affiliation at election: London School of Affiliation at election: Temple University Affiliation at election: Paris, France Economics Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Residence at election: Paris, France Residence at election: London, England Career description: Archaeologist; Art Career description: Chemist; Educator; Career description: Economist; Educator; historian; Educator Government science advisor and Academic administrator Current affiliation: Same administrator Current affiliation: Same Bethe, Hans Albrecht (1906-2005) Berthoz, Alain (1939-) Bessel, Friedrich Wilhelm (1784-1846) Election: 1947, Fellow Election: 2003, FHM Election: 1832, FHM Affiliation at election: Cornell University Affiliation at election: Collège de France Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Ithaca, NY Residence at election: Paris, France Konigsberg Career description: Physicist; Educator Career description: Neuroscientist; Residence at election: Konigsberg, Educator; Research institution Germany Bettelheim, Bruno (1903-1990) administrator Career description: Astronomer; Election: 1971, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Mathematician; Educator; Research Affiliation at election: University of institution administrator Chicago; Sonia Shankman Orthogenic Bertini, Catherine Ann (1950-) School Election: 2003, Fellow Residence at election: Chicago, IL Affiliation at election: United Nations Career description: Psychologist; Residence at election: Rome, Italy Educator; Academic administrator Career description: Government official; Company executive Betz, Hans Dieter (1931-) Current affiliation: Syracuse University Election: 2014, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Bertozzi, Andrea Louise (1965-) Chicago Divinity School Election: 2010, Fellow Residence at election: Chicago, IL Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Biblical scholar; California, Los Angeles Educator Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Mathematician; Educator Beurling, Arne Karl August (1905-1986) Current affiliation: Same Henry Bessemer, elected 1895, FHM. Image Election: 1970, Fellow donated by Corbis-Bettmann Affiliation at election: Institute for Bertozzi, Carolyn R. (1966-) Bessemer, Henry (1813-1898) Advanced Study Election: 2003, Fellow Election: 1895, FHM Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: London, England Career description: Mathematician; California, Berkeley Residence at election: London, England Educator Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Manufacturer; Career description: Chemist; Molecular Engineer; Inventor Beutler, Bruce A. (1957-) and cellular biologist; Educator Election: 2013, Fellow Current affiliation: Stanford University Best, Charles Herbert (1899-1978) Affiliation at election: University of Texas Election: 1948, FHM Southwestern Medical Center Bertrand, Marianne (1969-) Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Irving, TX Election: 2012, Fellow Toronto Career description: Immunologist; Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Toronto, Canada Geneticist; Educator; Academic research Chicago Booth School of Business Career description: Physiologist; Educator; institution administrator Residence at election: Chicago, IL Academic administrator Current affiliation: Same Career description: Economist; Educator; Editor Beston, Henry (1888-1968) Beutler, Ernest (1928-2008) Current affiliation: Same Election: 1954, Fellow Election: 1975, Fellow Affiliation at election: Nobleboro, ME Affiliation at election: City of Hope Berzelius, Jons Jacob (1779-1848) Residence at election: Nobleboro, ME Medical Center Election: 1822, FHM Career description: Writer; Editor Residence at election: Duarte, CA Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Physician; Biomedical Stockholm; Karolinska Institute scientist; Research institution and hospital Residence at election: Stockholm, Sweden administrator Career description: Chemist; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 48

Beutner, Austin M. (1960-) Bezos, Jeffrey Preston (1964-) Bialer, Seweryn (1926-) Election: 2016, Fellow Election: 2012, Fellow Election: 1984, Fellow Affiliation at election: Vision To Learn Affiliation at election: Amazon.com Affiliation at election: Columbia Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Residence at election: Seattle, WA University Career description: Nonprofit Career description: Company executive Residence at election: New York, NY organization founder and executive; and founder Career description: Political scientist; Publisher (newspaper); Government Current affiliation: Same Educator official; Company executive (finance) Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Bhabha, Homi Jehangir (1909-1966) Election: 1958, FHM Bianconi, Lorenzo Gennaro (1946-) Bevan, William (1922-2007) Affiliation at election: Tata Institute of Election: 2015, FHM Election: 1998, Fellow Fundamental Research; Atomic Energy Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Duke University Commission of India Bologna Residence at election: Durham, NC Residence at election: Bombay, India Residence at election: Bologna, Italy Career description: Psychologist; Career description: Physicist; Research Career description: Musicologist; Cultural Academic administrator; Foundation institution administrator; Government institution founder; Educator executive official Current affiliation: Same

Bever, Michael Berliner (1911-1992) Bhagwati, Jagdish Natwarlal (1934-) Bibring, Grete Lehner (1899-1977) Election: 1956, Fellow Election: 1982, Fellow Election: 1968, Fellow Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Columbia Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Institute of Technology University School; Beth Israel Hospital Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Materials scientist; Career description: Economist; Educator Career description: Psychiatrist; Educator; Educator Current affiliation: Same Hospital administrator

Bevington, David (1931-) Bhagwati, P. N. (Prafullachandra Bickel, Alexander Mordecai (1924-1974) Election: 1985, Fellow Natwarlal) (1921-2017) Election: 1971, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Election: 2001, FHM Affiliation at election: Yale University Law Chicago Affiliation at election: Amarchand & School Residence at election: Chicago, IL Mangaldas & Suresh A. Shroff & Co. Residence at election: New Haven, CT Career description: Literary scholar; Residence at election: New Delhi, India Career description: Lawyer; Educator Educator Career description: Lawyer; Jurist Current affiliation: Same Bickel, Peter John (1940-) Bhargava, Manjul (1974-) Election: 1986, Fellow Bevis, Howard Landis (1885-1968) Election: 2017, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1936, Fellow Affiliation at election: Princeton California, Berkeley Affiliation at election: Harvard University University Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Career description: Statistician; Educator Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Career description: Mathematician; Current affiliation: Same Academic administrator Educator Current affiliation: Same Bickerman, Elias Joseph (1897-1981) Bewley, Truman Fassett (1941-) Election: 1974, Fellow Election: 2005, Fellow Bhatia, Sangeeta N. (1968-) Affiliation at election: Columbia Affiliation at election: Yale University Election: 2015, Fellow University Residence at election: New Haven, CT Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Economist; Educator Institute of Technology Career description: Historian; Educator Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Micro and Bidart, Frank (1939-) Beyrich, Heinrich Ernst (1815-1896) nanotechnology bioengineer; Research Election: 1992, Fellow Election: 1884, FHM institution scientist; Educator Affiliation at election: Wellesley College Affiliation at election: University of Berlin; Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Wellesley, MA Prussian Geological Survey Career description: Writer (poet); Residence at election: Berlin, Germany Educator Career description: Geologist; Current affiliation: Same Paleontologist; Educator; Research institution administrator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 49

Biddle, Francis Beverley (1886-1968) Bietak, Manfred (1940-) Bigelow, Henry Jacob (1818-1890) Election: 1963, Fellow Election: 2016, FHM Election: 1846, Fellow Affiliation at election: Washington, DC Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: Washington, DC Vienna General Hospital; Tremont Street Medical Career description: Lawyer; Jurist; U.S. Residence at election: Vienna, Austria School Attorney General Career description: Archaeologist; Residence at election: Boston, MA Educator Career description: Surgeon; Educator Biddle, Owen (1737-1799) Current affiliation: Same Election: 1782, Fellow Bigelow, Jacob (1787-1879) Affiliation at election: Philadelphia, PA Bigeleisen, Jacob (1919-2010) Election: 1812, Fellow Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Election: 1968, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Career description: Astronomer; Affiliation at election: Brookhaven Residence at election: Boston, MA Businessperson National Laboratory Career description: Physician; Botanist; Residence at election: Upton, NY Educator Bieber, Margarete (1879-1978) Career description: Chemist; Educator Election: 1971, Fellow Bigelow, Melville Madison (1846-1921) Affiliation at election: Columbia Bigelow, Erastus Brigham (1814-1879) Election: 1911, Fellow University Election: 1866, Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston University Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Archaeologist; Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Historian (art); Educator Career description: Industrialist; Inventor; Academic administrator Economist Biemann, Klaus (1926-2016) Bigelow, Robert Payne (1863-1955) Election: 1966, Fellow Bigelow, George Hoyt (1890-1934) Election: 1914, Fellow Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 1933, Fellow Affiliation at election: Marine Biological Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: State of Laboratory, Woods Hole; Massachusetts Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Career description: Chemist; Educator Residence at election: Milton, MA Residence at election: Brookline, MA Career description: Physician; Public Career description: Zoologist; Educator; Bienen, Henry Samuel (1939-) health expert; Hospital administrator Librarian Election: 1998, Fellow Affiliation at election: Northwestern Bigelow, George Tyler (1810-1878) Bigelow, Timothy (1767-1821) University Election: 1861, Fellow Election: 1803, Fellow Residence at election: Evanston, IL Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Groton, MA Career description: Political scientist; Supreme Judicial Court Residence at election: Groton, MA Academic administrator Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Lawyer; Government Current affiliation: Same Career description: Lawyer; Jurist; official (state legislator) Company executive (actuary) Bienenstock, Arthur I. (1935-) Bigelow, William Sturgis (1850-1926) Election: 2013, Fellow Bigelow, Harry Augustus (1874-1950) Election: 1911, Fellow Affiliation at election: Stanford University Election: 1933, Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Stanford, CA Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Materials scientist; Chicago Law School Career description: Physician; Orientalist; Applied physicist; Educator; Government Residence at election: Chicago, IL Art collector research agency and professional society Career description: Lawyer; Educator; administrator Academic administrator Biggs, Edward George Power (1906- Current affiliation: Same 1977) Bigelow, Henry Bryant (1879-1967) Election: 1950, Fellow Bierbaum, Rosina M. (1952-) Election: 1911, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard Election: 2007, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Congregational Church, Brookline, MA; Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Concord, MA Longy School of Music Michigan Career description: Oceanographer; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Museum curator; Research institution Career description: Musician (organist); Career description: Ecologist; administrator Educator Environmental policy adviser; Educator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 50

Biggs, John Herron (1936-) Billingsley, Patrick Paul (1925-) Binder, Gordon M. (1935-) Election: 1992, Fellow Election: 1986, Fellow Election: 2001, Fellow Affiliation at election: Teachers Insurance Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: AMGEN; Coastview and Annuity Association/College Chicago Capital, LLC Retirement Equities Fund Residence at election: Chicago, IL Residence at election: Thousand Oaks, CA Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Mathematical Career description: Company executive Career description: Company executive statistician; Educator (biotechnology) (insurance); Nonprofit institution leader Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Coastview Capital, Current affiliation: Same LLC; One Global Mediation LLC Billington, David Perkins (1927-) Bikle, Henry Wolf (1877-1942) Election: 1998, Fellow Binder, Leonard (1927-) Election: 1933, Fellow Affiliation at election: Princeton Election: 2002, Fellow Affiliation at election: Philadelphia, PA University Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Residence at election: Princeton, NJ California, Los Angeles Career description: Lawyer; Educator Career description: Civil engineer; Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Educator Career description: Political scientist; Billingham, Rupert Everett (1921-2002) Current affiliation: Same Educator Election: 1965, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Wistar Institute of Billington, James Hadley (1929-) Anatomy and Biology; University of Election: 1985, Fellow Binder, Sarah A. (1964-) Pennsylvania Affiliation at election: Wilson Election: 2015, Fellow Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA International Center for Scholars; Affiliation at election: George Washington Career description: Cell biologist; Smithsonian Institution University; Brookings Institution Geneticist; Educator Residence at election: Washington, DC Residence at election: Washington, DC Career description: Historian; Librarian Career description: Political scientist; Billings, Bruce Hadley (1915-1992) Current affiliation: Library of Congress Congressional scholar; Educator Election: 1952, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Baird-Atomic, Inc. Bilsland (Lord), Alexander Steven (1892- Residence at election: Cambridge, MA 1970) Bing, Peter Stephen (1934-) Career description: Physicist; Company Election: 1961, FHM Election: 1996, Fellow executive Affiliation at election: Bilsland Brothers Affiliation at election: Stanford University; Ltd.; Glasgow Stockholders Trust Ltd.; Monterey Bay Aquarium Billings, John Shaw (1838-1913) Scottish National Trust Ltd. Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Election: 1881, Associate Fellow Residence at election: Kinrara, Aviemore, Career description: Physician; Public Affiliation at election: U.S. Surgeon Inverness-shire, Scotland health official; Businessperson General’s Office Career description: Banker; Company Current affiliation: Los Angeles, CA Residence at election: Washington, DC executive Career description: Physician; Surgeon; Bing, R. H. (1914-1986) Librarian Bilson, Malcolm (1935-) Election: 1980, Fellow Election: 1994, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Texas Billings, Marland Pratt (1902-1996) Affiliation at election: Cornell University at Austin Election: 1938, Fellow Residence at election: Ithaca, NY Residence at election: Austin, TX Affiliation at election: Harvard University; Career description: Musician (pianist); Career description: Mathematician; U.S. Geological Survey Educator Educator Residence at election: Boston, MA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Geologist; Educator Binger, Carl Alfred Lanning (1889-1976) Binchy, Daniel Anthony (1900-1989) Election: 1959, Fellow Billings, William Dwight (1910-1997) Election: 1962, FHM Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 1979, Fellow Affiliation at election: Dublin Institute for General Hospital Affiliation at election: Duke University Advanced Studies; Harvard University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Durham, NC Residence at election: Dublin, Ireland Career description: Psychiatrist; Educator Career description: Botanist; Educator Career description: Jurist; Historian; Language scholar; Educator; Diplomat Bingham, Barry (1906-1988) Election: 1950, Fellow Affiliation at election: Courier Journal and Louisville Times Company Residence at election: Louisville, KY Career description: Publisher; Editor; Newspaper executive

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 51

Binmore, Kenneth George (1940-) Birgeneau, Robert Joseph (1942-) Birnbaum, Howard Kent (1932-2005) Election: 2002, FHM Election: 1987, Fellow Election: 1996, Fellow Affiliation at election: University College Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: University of London Institute of Technology Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Residence at election: London, England Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Urbana, IL Career description: Economist; Educator Career description: Physicist; Educator; Career description: Materials scientist; Current affiliation: Same Academic administrator Educator Current affiliation: University of Binney, Amos (1803-1847) California, Berkeley Birnbaum, Joel S. (1937-) Election: 1842, Fellow Election: 2002, Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Birkelund, John Peter (1930-) Affiliation at election: Hewlett-Packard Residence at election: Boston, MA Election: 2005, Fellow Company Career description: Zoologist; Affiliation at election: Saratoga Partners Residence at election: Palo Alto, CA Businessperson Residence at election: Saratoga, NY Career description: Computer scientist; Career description: Company executive Company research administrator Binney, Horace (1780-1875) (investment banking) Current affiliation: Same Election: 1867, Associate Fellow Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Philadelphia, PA Bischoff, Bernhard (1906-1991) Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Birkerts, Sven P. (1951-) Election: 1968, FHM Career description: Lawyer; Legislator Election: 2012, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Bennington College Munich Biorck, Gunnar Carl Wilhelm (1916- Residence at election: Arlington, MA Residence at election: Munich, Germany 1996) Career description: Writer (essayist, Career description: Philologist; Historian; Election: 1976, FHM memoirist, critic); Editor; Educator Educator Affiliation at election: Karolinska Current affiliation: Same Institutet; Serafimer Hospital Bischoff, Theodor Ludwig Wilhelm Residence at election: Stockholm, Sweden Birkhoff, Garrett (1911-1996) (1807-1882) Career description: Physician; Educator; Election: 1945, Fellow Election: 1849, FHM Member of Parliament Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Giessen Biot, Jean Baptiste (1774-1862) Career description: Mathematician; Residence at election: Giessen, Germany Election: 1822, FHM Educator Career description: Physiologist; Affiliation at election: Université de Paris Comparative anatomist; Educator Residence at election: Paris, France Birkhoff, George David (1884-1944) Career description: Physicist; Educator Election: 1913, Fellow Bishop, Andre (1948-) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Election: 2017, Fellow Biot, Maurice Anthony (1905-1985) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: Lincoln Center Election: 1962, Fellow Career description: Mathematician; Theater Affiliation at election: Shell Development Educator; Academic administrator Residence at election: New York, NY Company; Cornell University Career description: Artistic director and Residence at election: New York, NY Birman, Joan S. Lyttle (1927-) producer (theater) Career description: Physicist; Aeronautical Election: 2012, Fellow Current affiliation: Same engineer; Educator; Company research Affiliation at election: Barnard College, scientist Columbia University Residence at election: New Rochelle, NY Birch, Francis (Albert Francis) (1903- Career description: Mathematician; 1992) Educator Election: 1942, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Birnbaum, Henrik Maximilian (1925- Career description: Geophysicist; Educator 2002) Election: 1992, Fellow Bird, Robert Byron (1924-) Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1981, Fellow California, Los Angeles Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Wisconsin, Madison Career description: Language and literary Residence at election: Madison, WI scholar; Educator Career description: Chemical engineer; Educator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 52

Bisplinghoff, Raymond Lewis (1917- Bitter, Francis (1902-1967) 1985) Election: 1950, Fellow Election: 1957, Fellow Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Institute of Technology Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Physicist; Career description: Aeronautical engineer; Geophysicist; Engineer; Inventor; Educator; Academic administrator; Educator Company executive Bittker, Boris Irving (1916-2005) Bissell, Claude Thomas (1916-2000) Election: 1978, Fellow Election: 1968, FHM Affiliation at election: Yale University Law Affiliation at election: University of School Toronto Residence at election: New Haven, CT Elizabeth Bishop, elected 1968. Image Residence at election: Toronto, Canada Career description: Lawyer; Educator donated by Corbis-Bettmann Career description: Language and literary Bishop, Elizabeth (1911-1979) scholar; Educator; Academic Bixby, William Herbert (1849-1928) Election: 1968, Fellow administrator Election: 1912, Fellow Affiliation at election: San Francisco, CA Affiliation at election: U.S. Army Residence at election: San Francisco, CA Bissell, Mina J. (1940-) Residence at election: Washington, DC Career description: Writer (poet); Poet Election: 2002, Fellow Career description: Engineer; Army laureate Affiliation at election: Lawrence Berkeley officer; Government agency administrator National Laboratory Bishop, Errett A. (1928-1983) Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Bixler, Julius Seelye (1894-1985) Election: 1971, Fellow Career description: Cellular and molecular Election: 1938, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of biologist; Research institution Affiliation at election: Harvard University California, San Diego administrator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: La Jolla, CA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Philosopher; Educator; Career description: Mathematician; Academic administrator Educator Bissell, Jr., Richard Mervin (1909-1994) Election: 1948, Fellow Bizzi, Emilio (1933-) Bishop, John Michael (1936-) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 1980, Fellow Election: 1984, Fellow Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Institute of Technology California, San Francisco Career description: Economist; Educator; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: San Francisco, CA Government official Career description: Neurophysiologist; Career description: Biochemist; Virologist; Educator Educator Bisson, Thomas Noel (1931-) Current affiliation: American Academy of Current affiliation: Same Election: 1992, Fellow Arts and Sciences; Massachusetts Institute Affiliation at election: Harvard University of Technology Bishop, Morris Gilbert (1893-1973) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 1956, Fellow Career description: Historian; Educator Bjerknes, Jacob Aall Bonnevie (1897- Affiliation at election: Cornell University Current affiliation: Same 1975) Residence at election: Ithaca, NY Election: 1960, Fellow Career description: Language and literary Bittel, Kurt (1907-1991) Affiliation at election: University of scholar; Educator Election: 1980, Fellow California, Los Angeles Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Bishop, Robert Lyle (1916-2013) Tubingen; German Archaeological Career description: Meteorologist; Election: 1958, Fellow Institute, West Berlin Educator; Government research scientist Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: Tubingen, Germany and administrator Institute of Technology Career description: Archaeologist; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Educator; Research institution Bjerknes, Vilhelm Frimann Koren Career description: Economist; Educator administrator (1862-1951) Election: 1929, FHM Affiliation at election: University of Oslo Residence at election: Oslo, Norway Career description: Physicist; Geophysicist; Research agency administrator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 53

Bjork, Robert Allen (1939-) Black, Bernard S. (1953-) Blackbourn, David Gordon (1949-) Election: 2013, Fellow Election: 2016, Fellow Election: 2007, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Northwestern Affiliation at election: Harvard University California, Los Angeles University Residence at election: Lexington, MA Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Residence at election: Chicago, IL Career description: Historian; Educator Career description: Psychologist; Career description: Law scholar; Public Current affiliation: Same Educator; Editor; Professional policy expert; Educator organization administrator Current affiliation: Same Blackburn, Elizabeth Helen (1948-) Current affiliation: Same Election: 1991, Fellow Black, Jr., Charles Lund (1915-2001) Affiliation at election: University of Bjorken, James Daniel (1934-) Election: 1976, Fellow California, San Francisco Election: 1974, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University Residence at election: San Francisco, CA Affiliation at election: Stanford Linear Residence at election: New Haven, CT Career description: Molecular biologist; Accelerator Center Career description: Lawyer; Educator Educator Residence at election: Stanford, CA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Physicist; Research Black, Cyril Edwin (1915-1989) institution staff member and Election: 1975, Fellow Blackburn, Simon (1944-) administrator; Educator Affiliation at election: Princeton Election: 2008, FHM Current affiliation: Same University Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Cambridge Bjorkman, Olle Erik (1933-) Career description: Historian; Educator; Residence at election: Cambridge, England Election: 1983, Fellow Research institution administrator Career description: Philosopher; Educator Affiliation at election: Carnegie Institution Current affiliation: Same of Washington Black, Duncan (1908-1991) Residence at election: Stanford, CA Election: 1980, Fellow Blackett (Lord), Patrick Maynard Stuart Career description: Plant physiologist; Affiliation at election: University College (1897-1974) Ecologist; Research institution staff of North Wales, Bangor Election: 1961, FHM member Residence at election: Cambridge, England Affiliation at election: Imperial College of Current affiliation: Carnegie Institution Career description: Economist; Educator Science and Technology, University of for Science, Stanford, CA London Black, John Donald (1883-1960) Residence at election: London, England Bjorkman, Pamela J. (1956-) Election: 1931, Fellow Career description: Physicist; Educator Election: 1997, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: California Institute Residence at election: Belmont, MA Blackfan, Kenneth Daniel (1883-1941) of Technology Career description: Economist; Educator Election: 1927, Fellow Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Career description: Biochemist; Molecular Black, Max (1909-1988) School; Children’s Hospital, Boston biologist; Educator; Research institution Election: 1963, Fellow Residence at election: Brookline, MA staff member Affiliation at election: Cornell University Career description: Physician; Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Ithaca, NY Pediatrician; Educator Career description: Philosopher; Educator Blaauw, Adriaan (1914-2010) Blackmond, Donna Gail (1958-) Election: 1973, FHM Black, Samuel Bruce (1892-1968) Election: 2016, Fellow Affiliation at election: European Southern Election: 1949, Fellow Affiliation at election: Scripps Research Observatory; University of Groningen Affiliation at election: Liberty Mutual Fire Institute Residence at election: Hamburg, Germany Insurance Company Residence at election: La Jolla, CA Career description: Astronomer; Educator; Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Chemical engineer; Research institution administrator Career description: Statistician; Actuary; Research institution scientist Company executive Current affiliation: Same Black, Barbara Aronstein (1933-) Election: 1989, Fellow Blackall, Eric Albert (1914-1989) Blackmur, Richard Palmer (1904-1965) Affiliation at election: Columbia Election: 1970, Fellow Election: 1964, Fellow University Law School Affiliation at election: Cornell University Affiliation at election: Princeton Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Ithaca, NY University Career description: Historian (law); Career description: Language and literary Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Educator; Academic administrator scholar; Educator Career description: Language and literary Current affiliation: Columbia Law School scholar; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 54

Blackwell, David Harold (1919-2010) Blake, Francis Gilman (1887-1952) Blakeslee, George Hubbard (1871-1954) Election: 1969, Fellow Election: 1948, Fellow Election: 1933, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: Clark University; California, Berkeley Medical School Tufts University Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Residence at election: New Haven, CT Residence at election: Worcester, MA Career description: Statistician; Educator Career description: Physician; Educator; Career description: Historian; Political Academic administrator scientist; Educator; Diplomat; Foundation Blackwell, Meredith May (1940-) executive Election: 2012, Fellow Blake, George (1769-1841) Affiliation at election: Louisiana State Election: 1824, Fellow Blalock, Alfred (1899-1964) University Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Election: 1955, Fellow Residence at election: Baton Rouge, LA Residence at election: Boston, MA Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Career description: Mycologist; Educator Career description: Lawyer University School of Medicine; Johns Current affiliation: Same Hopkins Hospital Blake, John Harrison (1808-1899) Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Blackwood, Michael (1934-) Election: 1843, Fellow Career description: Surgeon; Educator; Election: 2010, Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Hospital administrator Affiliation at election: Michael Blackwood Residence at election: Boston, MA Productions Career description: Chemist; Engineer; Blalock, Jr., Hubert Morse (1926-1991) Residence at election: New York, NY Businessperson Election: 1975, Fellow Career description: Documentary Affiliation at election: University of filmmaker Blake, Judith Kincade (1926-1993) Washington Current affiliation: Same Election: 1990, Fellow Residence at election: Seattle, WA Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Sociologist; Educator Blagden, Charles (1748-1820) California, Los Angeles Election: 1789, FHM Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Blanchard, Arthur Alphonzo (1876- Affiliation at election: British Army; Royal Career description: Sociologist; Educator 1956) Society of London Election: 1919, Fellow Residence at election: London, England Blake, Randolph (1945-) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Career description: Chemist; Physician Election: 2006, Fellow Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: Vanderbilt Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Blake, Charles Henry (1901-1981) University Career description: Chemist; Educator Election: 1935, Fellow Residence at election: Nashville, TN Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Career description: Neuroscientist; Blanchard, Olivier (1948-) Institute of Technology; Boston Society of Psychologist; Educator Election: 1990, Fellow Natural History Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Institute of Technology Career description: Zoologist; Educator; Blake, Robert Pierpont (1886-1950) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Museum curator Election: 1927, Fellow Career description: Economist; Educator Affiliation at election: Harvard University Current affiliation: Massachusetts Blake, Clarence John (1843-1919) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Institute of Technology; International Election: 1881, Fellow Career description: Historian; Educator; Monetary Fund Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Librarian School Blanchard, Raoul (1877-1965) Residence at election: Boston, MA Blakeslee, Albert Francis (1874-1954) Election: 1936, FHM Career description: Physician (otologist); Election: 1940, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Educator Affiliation at election: Carnegie Station for Grenoble; Harvard University Experimental Evolution Residence at election: Grenoble, France Blake, Francis (1850-1913) Residence at election: Cold Spring Harbor, Career description: Geographer; Educator; Election: 1881, Fellow NY Academic administrator Affiliation at election: Bell Telephone Career description: Botanist; Educator; Company Research institution administrator Blandford, Roger David (1949-) Residence at election: Auburndale, MA Election: 1993, Fellow Career description: Inventor; Company Affiliation at election: California Institute research and development staff member; of Technology Government research agency staff Residence at election: Pasadena, CA member Career description: Astronomer; Educator Current affiliation: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 55

Blank, Rebecca (1955-) Bleaney, Brebis (1915-2005) Bloch, Erich (1925-2016) Election: 2005, Fellow Election: 1978, FHM Election: 2006, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Affiliation at election: Washington Michigan Ford School of Public Policy Residence at election: Oxford, England Advisory Group Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Career description: Physicist; Educator Residence at election: Washington, DC Career description: Economist; Public Career description: Computer scientist; policy scholar; Educator; Academic Blegen, Carl William (1887-1971) Company executive administrator Election: 1959, Fellow Current affiliation: U. S. Department of Affiliation at election: University of Bloch, Felix (1905-1983) Commerce Cincinnati Election: 1957, Fellow Residence at election: Cincinnati, OH Affiliation at election: Stanford University Blanshard, Brand (1892-1987) Career description: Archaeologist; Residence at election: Stanford, CA Election: 1946, Fellow Educator Career description: Physicist; Educator Affiliation at election: Yale University Residence at election: New Haven, CT Blight, David William (1949-) Bloch, Herbert (1911-2006) Career description: Philosopher; Educator; Election: 2012, Fellow Election: 1950, Fellow Academic administrator Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: New Haven, CT Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Blaser, Martin J. (1948-) Career description: Historian; Educator; Career description: Classicist; Medieval Election: 2013, Fellow Professional society administrator historian; Educator Affiliation at election: New York Current affiliation: Same University School of Medicine Bloch, Konrad Emil (1912-2000) Residence at election: New York, NY Blinder, Alan Stuart (1945-) Election: 1955, Fellow Career description: Microbiologist; Election: 1991, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Educator Affiliation at election: Princeton Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Current affiliation: Same University Career description: Biochemist; Educator Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Blasi, Vincent A. (1943-) Career description: Economist; Educator Bloch, R. Howard (1943-) Election: 1998, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Election: 1993, Fellow Affiliation at election: Columbia Affiliation at election: University of University Law School; University of Blinks, Lawrence Rogers (1900-1989) California, Berkeley Virginia Law School Election: 1949, Fellow Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: Stanford University Career description: Language and literary Career description: Lawyer; Educator Residence at election: Pacific Grove, CA scholar; Educator Current affiliation: Columbia Law School; Career description: Biologist; Educator Current affiliation: Yale University University of Virginia School of Law Bliss, Gilbert Ames (1876-1951) Bloch, Spencer Janney (1944-) Blau, Helen Margaret (1948-) Election: 1935, Fellow Election: 2009, Fellow Election: 1996, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Stanford University Chicago Chicago Residence at election: Stanford, CA Residence at election: Chicago, IL Residence at election: Chicago, IL Career description: Molecular Career description: Mathematician; Career description: Mathematician; pharmacologist; Educator Educator Educator Current affiliation: Stanford School of Current affiliation: Same Medicine Blobel, Gunter Klaus-Joachim (1936- 2018) Block, Gene D. (1948-) Blau, Peter Michael (1918-2002) Election: 1984, Fellow Election: 2010, Fellow Election: 1975, Fellow Affiliation at election: Rockefeller Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Columbia University California, Los Angeles University Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Cell biologist; Career description: Neurobiologist; Career description: Sociologist; Educator Educator Academic administrator Current affiliation: Same Bleakney, Walker (1901-1992) Bloch, Bernard (1907-1965) Election: 1963, Fellow Election: 1948, Fellow Block, Herbert Lawrence (1909-2001) Affiliation at election: Princeton Affiliation at election: Yale University Election: 1959, Fellow University Residence at election: New Haven, CT Affiliation at election: Washington Post Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Career description: Linguist; Educator Residence at election: Washington, DC Career description: Physicist; Educator Career description: Editorial cartoonist

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 56

Block, James A. (1937-) Bloom, Floyd Elliott (1936-) Bloomfield, Maurice (1855-1928) Election: 2003, Fellow Election: 1978, Fellow Election: 1914, Fellow Affiliation at election: Block Asset Affiliation at election: Salk Institute for Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Management, Inc. Biological Studies University Residence at election: Jersey City, NJ Residence at election: San Diego, CA Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Career description: Company executive Career description: Neuroscientist; Career description: Orientalist; Philologist; (pharmaceuticals) Research administrator Educator Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Scripps Research Institute Bloomfield, Morton Wilfred (1913- Block, Ned (1942-) 1987) Election: 2004, Fellow Bloom, Harold (1930-) Election: 1963, Fellow Affiliation at election: New York Election: 1979, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University University Affiliation at election: Yale University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: New Haven, CT Career description: Language and literary Career description: Philosopher; Educator Career description: Language and literary scholar; Educator Current affiliation: Same scholar; Educator Current affiliation: Same Blough, Donald Sommers (1929-) Block, Steven M. (1952-) Election: 1962, Fellow Election: 2000, Fellow Bloom, Hyman (1913-2009) Affiliation at election: Brown University Affiliation at election: Stanford University Election: 1960, Fellow Residence at election: Providence, RI Residence at election: Stanford, CA Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Career description: Psychologist; Educator Career description: Biophysicist; Educator Residence at election: Boston, MA Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Career description: Artist (painter) Blout, Elkan Rogers (1919-2006) Bloembergen, Nicolaas (1920-2017) Bloom, Kerry Steven (1953-) Election: 1955, Fellow Election: 1956, Fellow Election: 2013, Fellow Affiliation at election: Polaroid Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: University of North Corporation Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Carolina at Chapel Hill Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Physicist; Educator Residence at election: Chapel Hill, NC Career description: Biologist; Chemist; Career description: Biologist; Educator Educator; Academic and research Blondel, Jean Fernand Pierre (1929-) Current affiliation: Same institution administrator Election: 2004, FHM Affiliation at election: European Bloom, Nicholas (1973-) Bluestone, Jeffrey Allen (1953-) University Institute Election: 2013, Fellow Election: 2006, Fellow Residence at election: San Domenico di Affiliation at election: Stanford University Affiliation at election: University of Fies, Italy Residence at election: Stanford, CA California, San Francisco Career description: Political scientist; Career description: Economist; Educator Residence at election: San Francisco, CA Educator; Research agency administrator Current affiliation: Same Career description: Endocrinologist; Current affiliation: Same Immunologist; Educator Bloomberg, Michael R. (1942-) Current affiliation: Same Bloom, Barry R. (1937-) Election: 2007, Fellow Election: 1990, Fellow Affiliation at election: New York, NY Blum, Jerome (1913-1994) Affiliation at election: Albert Einstein Residence at election: New York, NY Election: 1976, Fellow College of Medicine Career description: Mayor of New York Affiliation at election: Princeton Residence at election: New York, NY City; Company founder and executive University Career description: Immunologist; Current affiliation: Bloomberg L.P. Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Educator; Academic administrator Career description: Historian; Educator; Current affiliation: Harvard School of Bloomfield, Clara Derber (1942-) Academic administrator Public Health Election: 2011, Fellow Affiliation at election: Ohio State Blum, John Morton (1921-2011) Bloom, David Elliot (1955-) University Election: 1960, Fellow Election: 2005, Fellow Residence at election: Delaware, OH Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: Harvard School of Career description: Physician; Oncologist; Residence at election: New Haven, CT Public Health Educator Career description: Historian; Educator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Economist; Demographer; Educator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 57

Blum, Manuel (1938-) Blumenthal, Thomas (1943-) Boas, Franz (1858-1942) Election: 1995, Fellow Election: 2010, Fellow Election: 1912, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Columbia California, Berkeley Colorado University Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Residence at election: Boulder, CO Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Computer scientist; Career description: Molecular biologist; Career description: Anthropologist; Educator Educator Educator Current affiliation: Carnegie Mellon Current affiliation: Same University Boas, George (1891-1980) Blumer, George (1872-1962) Election: 1957, Fellow Blum, Walter J. (1918-1994) Election: 1931, Fellow Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Election: 1979, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University University Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: New Haven, CT Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Chicago Career description: Physician; Educator; Career description: Philosopher; Residence at election: Chicago, IL Academic administrator Historian; Educator Career description: Lawyer; Educator Blumgart, Herrman Ludwig (1895-1977) Boas (Hall), Marie (1919-2009) Blumberg, Baruch Samuel (1925-2011) Election: 1949, Fellow Election: 1955, Fellow Election: 1990, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Affiliation at election: Brandeis University Affiliation at election: University of School Residence at election: Waltham, MA Oxford; University of Pennsylvania Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Historian (science); Residence at election: Oxford, England Career description: Physician; Educator Educator Career description: Biomedical scientist; Educator; Research administrator Blumstein, Sheila Ellen (1944-) Bobbio, Norberto (1909-2004) Election: 1993, Fellow Election: 1994, FHM Blume, Bernhard Walter (1901-1978) Affiliation at election: Brown University Affiliation at election: University of Turin Election: 1970, Fellow Residence at election: Providence, RI Residence at election: Turin, Italy Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Linguist; Educator; Career description: Philosopher; Educator California, San Diego; Harvard University Academic administrator Residence at election: La Jolla, CA Current affiliation: Same Bobbitt, Philip Chase (1948-) Career description: Language and literary Election: 2004, Fellow scholar; Educator Blundell, Richard (1952-) Affiliation at election: University of Texas Election: 2002, FHM at Austin School of Law Blume, Martin (1932-) Affiliation at election: University College, Residence at election: Austin, TX Election: 1993, Fellow London Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Affiliation at election: Brookhaven Residence at election: London, England Government official National Laboratory Career description: Economist; Educator; Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Upton, NY Research institution administrator Career description: Physicist; Research Current affiliation: Same Bobo, Lawrence D. (1958-) administrator Election: 2006, Fellow Current affiliation: American Physical Bluntschli, Johann Caspar (1808-1881) Affiliation at election: Stanford University Society Election: 1868, FHM Residence at election: Palo Alto, CA Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Sociologist; Educator Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich (1752- Heidelberg Current affiliation: Harvard University 1840) Residence at election: Heidelberg, Election: 1794, FHM Germany Bocher, Ferdinand (1832-1902) Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Legal scholar Election: 1871, Fellow Goettingen (international law); Educator; Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Goettingen, Government official Residence at election: Boston, MA Germany Career description: Language and literary Career description: Anatomist; Educator; Bly, Robert E. (1926-) scholar; Educator Anthropologist; Natural historian; Election: 2015, Fellow Physician Affiliation at election: Minneapolis, MN Bocher, Maxime (1867-1918) Residence at election: Minneapolis, MN Election: 1899, Fellow Career description: Writer (poet); Affiliation at election: Harvard University Translator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Mathematician; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 58

Bochner, Mel (1940-) Bodman, Samuel Wright (1938-) Boger, Dale L. (1953-) Election: 2008, Fellow Election: 1988, Fellow Election: 2006, Fellow Affiliation at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: Cabot Corporation Affiliation at election: Scripps Research Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Waltham, MA Institute Career description: Artist (painter) Career description: Chemical engineer; Residence at election: La Jolla, CA Current affiliation: Same Company executive (investment and Career description: Organic chemist; industry); U.S. Secretary of Energy Educator Bock, Arlie Vernon (1888-1984) Current affiliation: Palm Beach, FL Current affiliation: Same Election: 1943, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Bodmer, Walter Fred (1936-) Bogert, Marston Taylor (1868-1954) School; Massachusetts General Hospital Election: 1972, FHM Election: 1914, Fellow Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Affiliation at election: Columbia Career description: Public health Residence at election: Oxford, England University specialist; Physician; Educator Career description: Geneticist; Educator Residence at election: New York, NY Current affiliation: Same Career description: Chemist; Educator Bock, June Kathryn (1947-) Election: 2015, Fellow Boebinger, Gregory S. (1959-) Boggs, Jean Sutherland (1922-) Affiliation at election: University of Election: 2017, Fellow Election: 2002, FHM Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Affiliation at election: Florida State Affiliation at election: Montreal, Canada Residence at election: Champaign, IL University Residence at election: Montreal, Canada Career description: Cognitive Residence at election: Tallahassee, FL Career description: Historian (art); psychologist; Psycholinguist; Educator Career description: Physicist; Academic Museum administrator Current affiliation: Same research institution administrator; Current affiliation: Same Educator Bodde, Derk (1909-2003) Current affiliation: Same Boghossian, Paul Artin (1957-) Election: 1959, Fellow Election: 2012, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Boeckh, August (1785-1867) Affiliation at election: New York Pennsylvania Election: 1853, FHM University Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Affiliation at election: University of Berlin Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Historian and area Residence at election: Berlin, Germany Career description: Philosopher; Educator studies scholar; Educator Career description: Philologist; Educator; Current affiliation: Same Academic administrator Bode, Hendrik Wade (1905-1982) Bogle, John Clifton (1929-) Election: 1962, Fellow Boehm-Tettelbach, Monika (1941-) Election: 2004, Fellow Affiliation at election: Bell Telephone Election: 2017, FHM Affiliation at election: Vanguard Group Laboratories Affiliation at election: Ruprecht-Karls- Investments, Inc.; Bogle Financial Residence at election: Whippany, NJ Universität Heidelberg Markets Research Center Career description: Electrical engineer; Residence at election: Heidelberg, Residence at election: Valley Forge, PA Educator; Company executive Germany Career description: Company executive Career description: Religion scholar; (investments) Bodenstein, Dietrich Hans F. Alexander Language and literary scholar; Nonprofit Current affiliation: The Vanguard Group, (1908-1984) organization founder; Educator Inc. Election: 1961, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: University of Bogolubov, Nikolai Nikolaevich (1909- Virginia Boeke, Jef D. (1954-) 1992) Residence at election: Charlottesville, VA Election: 2012, Fellow Election: 1960, FHM Career description: Biologist; Educator; Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Affiliation at election: Academy of Government research scientist University School of Medicine Sciences of the USSR, Joint Institute for Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Nuclear Research Bodian, David (1910-1992) Career description: Molecular biologist; Residence at election: Kiev, USSR Election: 1968, Fellow Synthetic biologist; Academic research Career description: Mathematician; Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins institution administrator; Educator Physicist; Educator; Research institution University Current affiliation: New York University administrator Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Langone Medical Center Career description: Anatomist; Bogorad, Lawrence (1921-2003) Epidemiologist; Neurobiologist; Educator Boell, Edgar John (1906-1996) Election: 1968, Fellow Election: 1952, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Yale University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: New Haven, CT Career description: Plant physiologist; Career description: Zoologist; Educator Molecular biologist; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 59

Bohlen, Charles Eustis (1904-1974) Boissier, Marie Louis Gaston (1823- Bold, Harold Charles (1909-1987) Election: 1956, Fellow 1908) Election: 1974, Fellow Affiliation at election: U.S. Department of Election: 1904, FHM Affiliation at election: University of Texas State Affiliation at election: French Academy at Austin Residence at election: Moscow, USSR Residence at election: Paris, France Residence at election: Austin, TX Career description: Government official; Career description: Classicist; Learned Career description: Botanist; Educator Diplomat society administrator Bolinger, Dwight LeMerton (1907-1992) Bohlman, Philip V. (1952-) Boiteux, Marcel Paul (1922-) Election: 1973, Fellow Election: 2011, Fellow Election: 1972, FHM Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Electricite de France Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Chicago Residence at election: Paris, France Career description: Language scholar; Residence at election: Oak Park, IL Career description: Company executive Linguist; Educator Career description: Ethnomusicologist; (utilities) Writer (novelist); Educator Current affiliation: Same Boll, Heinrich Theodor (1917-1985) Current affiliation: Same Election: 1984, FHM Boix, Carles (1962-) Affiliation at election: Hurtgenwald- Bohr, Aage Niels (1922-2009) Election: 2010, Fellow Grosshau, Germany Election: 1965, FHM Affiliation at election: Princeton Residence at election: Hurtgenwald- Affiliation at election: University of University Grosshau, Germany Copenhagen Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Career description: Writer (novelist, Residence at election: Copenhagen, Career description: Political scientist; playwright, essayist) Denmark Educator Career description: Physicist; Educator; Current affiliation: Same Bollinger, Lee Carroll (1946-) Research institution administrator Election: 1992, Fellow Bok, Bart Jan (1906-1983) Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1939, Fellow Michigan Law School Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Residence at election: Lexington, MA Career description: Academic Career description: Astronomer; Educator; administrator; Lawyer; Educator Observatory administrator Current affiliation: Columbia University

Bok, Derek Curtis (1930-) Bolster, Wilfred (1866-1947) Election: 1969, Fellow Election: 1936, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard Law School Affiliation at election: Municipal Court of Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Boston Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Residence at election: Brookline, MA Academic administrator Career description: Lawyer; Jurist Current affiliation: Harvard Kennedy School Bolt, Richard Henry (1911-2002) Niels Henrik David Bohr, elected 1945, Election: 1952, Fellow FHM. Image donated by Corbis-Bettmann Bok, Joan Toland (1929-) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Bohr, Niels Henrik David (1885-1962) Election: 1993, Fellow Institute of Technology Election: 1945, FHM Affiliation at election: New England Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: University of Electric System Career description: Physicist; Educator; Copenhagen Residence at election: Westborough, MA Company founder and executive Residence at election: Copenhagen, Career description: Lawyer; Company Denmark executive (utilities) Bolton, John Gatenby (1922-1993) Career description: Physicist; Educator; Current affiliation: National Grid USA Election: 1972, FHM Research institution administrator Affiliation at election: Australian National Boland, Eavan A. (1944-) Radio Astronomy Observatory Bois, Yve-Alain (1952-) Election: 2016, FHM Residence at election: Epping, New South Election: 2005, Fellow Affiliation at election: Stanford University Wales, Australia Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Stanford, CA Career description: Radio astronomer; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Writer (poet); Research institution administrator Career description: Historian (art); Educator Educator Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Institute for Advanced Study

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 60

Bolton, Patrick (1957-) Bond, Douglas Danford (1911-1976) Bonnat, Leon-Joseph-Florentin (1833- Election: 2009, Fellow Election: 1960, Fellow 1922) Affiliation at election: Columbia Business Affiliation at election: Western Reserve Election: 1915, FHM School University School of Medicine Affiliation at election: Paris, France Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Cleveland, OH Residence at election: Paris, France Career description: Economist; Educator Career description: Psychiatrist; Educator; Career description: Artist (painter) Current affiliation: Same Academic administrator Bonnefoy, Yves (1923-2016) Boltwood, Bertram Borden (1870-1927) Bond, George Phillips (1825-1865) Election: 2011, FHM Election: 1913, Fellow Election: 1847, Fellow Affiliation at election: Paris, France Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Paris, France Residence at election: New Haven, CT Observatory Career description: Writer (poet; essayist); Career description: Chemist; Physicist Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Art historian Career description: Astronomer; Research Boltzmann, Ludwig (1844-1906) institution administrator; Educator Bonner, Campbell (1876-1954) Election: 1897, FHM Election: 1933, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Bond, Jr., J. Max (1935-2009) Affiliation at election: University of Vienna Election: 1995, Fellow Michigan Residence at election: Vienna, Austria Affiliation at election: Davis, Brody & Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Career description: Physicist; Educator Associates Career description: Classicist; Educator Residence at election: New York, NY Bombieri, Enrico (1940-) Career description: Architect; Educator Bonner, David Mahlon (1916-1964) Election: 1979, Fellow Election: 1958, Fellow Affiliation at election: Institute for Bond, J. Richard (John Richard) (1950-) Affiliation at election: Yale University Advanced Study Election: 2003, FHM Residence at election: New Haven, CT Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Microbiologist; Career description: Mathematician; Toronto Educator Educator Residence at election: Toronto, Canada Current affiliation: Same Career description: Astrophysicist; Bonner, James Frederick (1910-1996) Educator; Academic research agency Election: 1960, Fellow Bomford, George (1780-1848) administrator Affiliation at election: California Institute Election: 1841, Fellow Current affiliation: Same of Technology Affiliation at election: U.S. Army Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Residence at election: Washington, DC Bond, William Cranch (1789-1859) Career description: Biologist; Educator; Career description: Ordnance expert and Election: 1832, Fellow Company executive engineer; Army officer Affiliation at election: Dorchester, MA Residence at election: Dorchester, MA Bonner, John Tyler (1920-) Bonaparte, Charles Lucien Jules Career description: Astronomer; Research Election: 1969, Fellow Laurence, Prince de Canino (1803-1857) institution administrator; Educator Affiliation at election: Princeton Election: 1832, FHM University Affiliation at election: Italy Bond, William Henry (1915-2005) Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Residence at election: Italy Election: 1969, Fellow Career description: Developmental Career description: Zoologist; Affiliation at election: Harvard University biologist; Educator Ornithologist Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Librarian; Library Bonbright, James Cummings (1891- administrator Bonner, Robert Johnson (1868-1946) 1985) Election: 1935, Fellow Election: 1936, Fellow Bonini, Nancy (1959-) Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Columbia Election: 2014, Fellow Chicago University Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Chicago, IL Residence at election: New York, NY Pennsylvania Career description: Classicist; Educator Career description: Economist; Financier; Residence at election: Narberth, PA Educator Career description: Biologist; Educator Bono [see also Paul David Hewson] Current affiliation: Same (1960-) Election: 2009, FHM Affiliation at election: U2 Residence at election: Dublin, Ireland Career description: Musician (singer, songwriter); Humanitarian Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 61

Bontecou, Lee (1931-) Booth, Harold Simmons (1891-1950) Borel, Armand (1923-2003) Election: 2007, Fellow Election: 1936, Fellow Election: 1977, Fellow Affiliation at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: Western Reserve Affiliation at election: Institute for Residence at election: Orbisonia, PA University Advanced Study Career description: Artist (sculptor) Residence at election: Cleveland, OH Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Current affiliation: Same Career description: Chemist; Educator; Career description: Mathematician; Academic administrator Educator Boodberg, Peter Alexis (1903-1972) Election: 1952, Fellow Booth, Wayne Clayson (1921-2005) Boren, David L. (1941-) Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1972, Fellow Election: 2017, Fellow California, Berkeley Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Chicago Oklahoma Career description: Language and literary Residence at election: Chicago, IL Residence at election: Norman, OK scholar; Educator Career description: Rhetoric and literary Career description: Political scientist; scholar; Educator Academic administrator; Governor of Booker, Squire J. (1965-) Oklahoma; U.S. Senator Election: 2017, Fellow Boott, Francis (1792-1863) Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Pennsylvania State Election: 1835, Associate Fellow University Affiliation at election: London, England Borges, Jorge Luis (1899-1986) Residence at election: University Park, PA Residence at election: London, England Election: 1968, FHM Career description: Biochemist; Biological Career description: Physician; Botanist Affiliation at election: University of chemist; Educator Buenos Aires Current affiliation: Same Bopp, Franz (1791-1867) Residence at election: Buenos Aires, Election: 1855, FHM Argentina Boolos, George Stephen (1940-1996) Affiliation at election: University of Berlin Career description: Writer (poet, essayist, Election: 1992, Fellow Residence at election: Berlin, Germany short story writer); Educator; Librarian Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Career description: Philologist; Educator Institute of Technology Borgese, Giuseppe Antonio (1882-1952) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Borchard, Edwin Montefiore (1884- Election: 1941, Fellow Career description: Philosopher; Educator 1951) Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1933, Fellow Chicago Boone, Elizabeth Hill (1948-) Affiliation at election: Yale University Residence at election: Chicago, IL Election: 2012, Fellow Residence at election: New Haven, CT Career description: Language and literary Affiliation at election: Tulane University Career description: Lawyer; Educator scholar; Educator; Political activist Residence at election: New Orleans, LA Career description: Historian (art); Borcherds, Richard Ewen (1959-) Boring, Edwin Garrigues (1886-1968) Academic research institution Election: 2000, Fellow Election: 1924, Fellow administrator; Educator; Professional Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University society administrator California, Berkeley Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Psychologist; Career description: Mathematician; Educator; Academic administrator Boorstin, Daniel Joseph (1914-2004) Educator Election: 1969, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Borisy, Gary G. (1942-) Affiliation at election: University of Election: 2004, Fellow Chicago Borchert, John Robert (1918-2001) Affiliation at election: Northwestern Residence at election: Chicago, IL Election: 1976, Fellow University Career description: Historian; Educator; Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Chicago, IL Museum and library administrator Minnesota Career description: Cell biologist; Residence at election: Minneapolis, MN Educator Booth, Edwin Prince (1898-1969) Career description: Geographer; Educator Current affiliation: Forsyth Institute Election: 1957, Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston University Borden, Simeon (1798-1856) Borja-Villel, Manuel J. (1957-) Residence at election: Boston, MA Election: 1842, Fellow Election: 2010, FHM Career description: Clergy member; Affiliation at election: Fall River, MA Affiliation at election: Museo Nacional Historian; Educator Residence at election: Fall River, MA Centro de Arte Reina Sofía Career description: Civil engineer Residence at election: Madrid, Spain (government and railroads) Career description: Museum administrator (art) Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 62

Bork, Robert Heron (1927-2012) Borthwick, Harry Alfred (1898-1974) Bossert, William Hines (1937-) Election: 1981, Fellow Election: 1971, Fellow Election: 1972, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: U.S. Department of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: New Haven, CT Agriculture Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Residence at election: Beltsville, MD Career description: Mathematical Jurist Career description: Plant physiologist; biologist; Educator Government research scientist Current affiliation: Same Borlaug, Norman Ernest (1914-2009) Election: 1976, Fellow Boruch, Robert F. (1942-) Bosworth, Stephen W. (1939-2016) Affiliation at election: International Maize Election: 2002, Fellow Election: 2010, Fellow and Wheat Improvement Center Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Tufts University; Residence at election: Mexico City, Mexico Pennsylvania; Campbell Collaboration U.S. Department of State Career description: Agricultural scientist; Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Residence at election: Medford, MA Research organization administrator Career description: Statistician; Social Career description: Diplomat; Educator; science and policy research scholar; Academic administrator Bormann, Frederick Herbert (1922- Educator 2012) Current affiliation: University of Bosworth, William Welles (1869-1966) Election: 1972, Fellow Pennsylvania Election: 1932, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: New York, NY Residence at election: New Haven, CT Borucki, William J. (1939-) Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Ecologist; Educator Election: 2017, Fellow Career description: Architect Affiliation at election: National Born, Max (1882-1970) Aeronautics and Space Administration Botchan, Michael R. (1945-2009) Election: 1959, FHM Residence at election: Moffett Field, CA Election: 2006, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Astrophysicist; Affiliation at election: University of Edinburgh Astronautical engineer; Research California, Berkeley Residence at election: Bad Pyrmont, institution scientist Residence at election: Kensington, CA Germany Current affiliation: Same Career description: Biochemist; Molecular Career description: Physicist; Educator biologist; Educator Bose, Amar Gopal (1929-2013) Bornet, Jean Baptiste Edouard (1828- Election: 1991, Fellow Botstein, David (1942-) 1911) Affiliation at election: Bose Corporation; Election: 1985, Fellow Election: 1893, FHM Massachusetts Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Paris, France Residence at election: Framingham, MA Institute of Technology Residence at election: Paris, France Career description: Electrical engineer; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Botanist; Physician Company executive (electronics) Career description: Geneticist; Educator Current affiliation: Princeton University; Borroff, Marie (1923-) Boss, Alan Paul (1951-) Calico Election: 1976, Fellow Election: 2003, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: Carnegie Institution Botstein, Leon (1946-) Residence at election: New Haven, CT of Washington Election: 1993, Fellow Career description: Language and literary Residence at election: Washington, DC Affiliation at election: Bard College scholar; Educator Career description: Astrophysicist; Residence at election: Annandale-on- Current affiliation: Same Research organization staff member Hudson, NY Current affiliation: Carnegie Institution Career description: Academic Borst, Piet (1934-) for Science administrator; Musician (conductor); Election: 1995, FHM Music scholar Affiliation at election: Netherlands Cancer Boss, Lewis (1846-1912) Current affiliation: Same Institute Election: 1911, Fellow Residence at election: Amsterdam, Affiliation at election: Dudley Observatory Bott, Raoul (1923-2005) Netherlands Residence at election: Albany, NY Election: 1959, Fellow Career description: Biochemist; Educator; Career description: Astronomer; Affiliation at election: University of Research agency administrator Observatory administrator; Government Michigan Current affiliation: Same official Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Career description: Mathematician; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 63

Bottomly, H. Kim (1946-) Boulez, Pierre (1925-2016) Boutwell, George Sewall (1818-1905) Election: 2009, Fellow Election: 1968, FHM Election: 1857, Fellow Affiliation at election: Wellesley College Affiliation at election: Baden-Baden, Affiliation at election: Groton, MA Residence at election: Wellesley, MA Germany Residence at election: Groton, MA Career description: Immunologist; Residence at election: Baden-Baden, Career description: Lawyer; Governor of Educator; Academic administrator Germany Massachusetts; U.S. Senator; Member, Current affiliation: Same Career description: Musician (composer, U.S. House of Representatives; U.S. conductor) Secretary of the Treasury Boudart, Michel (1924-2012) Election: 1991, Fellow Bourdieu, Pierre (1930-2002) Bouve, Thomas Tracy (1815-1896) Affiliation at election: Stanford University Election: 1983, FHM Election: 1850, Fellow Residence at election: Stanford, CA Affiliation at election: Collège de France Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Career description: Chemical engineer; Residence at election: Paris, France Residence at election: Boston, MA Educator; Company executive Career description: Sociologist; Educator Career description: Naturalist; Businessperson Boudin, Michael (1939-) Bourgeois, Louise (1911-2010) Election: 1999, Fellow Election: 1981, Fellow Bouwsma, William James (1923-2004) Affiliation at election: U.S. Court of Affiliation at election: New York, NY Election: 1971, Fellow Appeals Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Artist (sculptor, Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Lawyer; Jurist painter) Career description: Historian; Educator Current affiliation: Same Bourne, Henry Reid (1940-) Bovet, Daniel (1907-1992) Boudon, Raymond (1934-2013) Election: 1992, Fellow Election: 1960, FHM Election: 1977, FHM Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Istituto Superiore di Affiliation at election: Université de Paris California, San Francisco Sanita Residence at election: Paris, France Residence at election: San Francisco, CA Residence at election: Rome, Italy Career description: Sociologist; Educator Career description: Cell biologist; Career description: Physiologist; Pharmacologist; Educator Pharmacologist; Psychobiologist; Boulanger, Nadia Juliette (1887-1979) Current affiliation: Same Educator; Research institution Election: 1962, FHM administrator Affiliation at election: American Bourricaud, François Michel (1922- Conservatory 1998) Bovie, William T. (1882-1958) Residence at election: Paris, France Election: 1976, FHM Election: 1920, Fellow Career description: Musician (composer, Affiliation at election: Université de Paris Affiliation at election: Harvard University conductor); Educator; Academic Residence at election: Paris, France Residence at election: Milton, MA administrator Career description: Sociologist; Educator Career description: Biophysicist; Inventor; Academic administrator Boulding, Kenneth Ewart (1910-1993) Boutelle, Charles Otis (1813-1890) Election: 1957, Fellow Election: 1872, Fellow Bowditch, Charles Pickering (1842- Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: U.S. Coast Survey 1921) Michigan Residence at election: Washington, DC Election: 1892, Fellow Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Career description: Surveyor; Geodesist; Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Career description: Economist; Educator; Government research agency staff Residence at election: Boston, MA Research institution administrator member and administrator Career description: Archaeologist; Businessperson Boulenger, George Albert (1858-1937) Boutet de Monvel, Louis (1941-2014) Election: 1923, FHM Election: 2012, FHM Bowditch, Henry Ingersoll (1808-1892) Affiliation at election: British Museum Affiliation at election: Université Pierre et Election: 1848, Fellow (Natural History) Marie Curie Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: Brussels, Belgium Residence at election: Paris, France General Hospital Career description: Herpetologist; Career description: Mathematician; Residence at election: Boston, MA Ichthyologist; Museum research staff Educator Career description: Physician; Educator; member and administrator Abolitionist Bouton, Charles Leonard (1869-1922) Election: 1914, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Mathematician; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 64

Bowditch, Henry Pickering (1840-1911) Bowen, Edward George (1911-1991) Bower, Gordon Howard (1932-) Election: 1872, Fellow Election: 1965, FHM Election: 1975, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Affiliation at election: Commonwealth Affiliation at election: Stanford University School Scientific and Industrial Research Residence at election: Stanford, CA Residence at election: Boston, MA Organization Career description: Psychologist; Educator Career description: Physiologist; Educator; Residence at election: New South Wales, Current affiliation: Same Academic administrator Australia Career description: Physicist; Engineer; Bowerman, Melissa Foster (1942-2011) Bowditch, Ingersoll (1875-1938) Government research agency scientist and Election: 2011, Fellow Election: 1924, Fellow administrator Affiliation at election: Max-Planck-Institut Affiliation at election: Harvard University für Psycholinguistik Residence at election: Boston, MA Bowen, Francis (1811-1890) Residence at election: Nijmegen, Career description: Civil engineer; Election: 1842, Fellow Netherlands Anthropologist; Educator; Company Affiliation at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Linguist; Cognitive executive Residence at election: Cambridge, MA psychologist; Research scientist Career description: Philosopher; Educator; Bowditch, Jonathan Ingersoll (1806- Editor Bowers, Fredson Thayer (1905-1991) 1889) Election: 1972, Fellow Election: 1834, Fellow Bowen, Harvey Kent (1941-) Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Election: 1992, Fellow Virginia; University of Chicago Residence at election: Boston, MA Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: Charlottesville, VA Career description: Businessperson Institute of Technology Career description: Language and literary Residence at election: Cambridge, MA scholar; Educator; Academic Bowditch, Nathaniel (1773-1838) Career description: Engineer (materials administrator Election: 1799, Fellow science); Educator Affiliation at election: Salem, MA Current affiliation: Harvard Business Bowers, Raymond (1927-1979) Residence at election: Salem, MA School Election: 1975, Fellow Career description: Astronomer; Affiliation at election: Cornell University Mathematician; Company executive; Bowen, Ira Sprague (1898-1973) Residence at election: Ithaca, NY Actuary Election: 1950, Fellow Career description: Physicist; Educator Affiliation at election: California Institute Bowdoin III, James (1752-1811) of Technology; Mount Wilson and Bowersock, Glen Warren (1936-) Election: 1786, Fellow Palomar Observatories Election: 1977, Fellow Affiliation at election: Dorchester, MA Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Dorchester, MA Career description: Astronomer; Physicist; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Merchant; Diplomat Observatory administrator Career description: Historian; Educator Current affiliation: Institute for Advanced Bowdoin, James (1726-1790) Bowen, Norman Levi (1887-1956) Study Election: 1780, Fellow Election: 1921, Fellow Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Carnegie Institution Bowie, Robert Richardson (1909-2013) Constitutional Convention of Washington Election: 1956, Fellow Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Washington, DC Affiliation at election: U.S. Department of Career description: Legislator; Governor Career description: Geologist; Petrologist; State of Massachusetts; Merchant; Natural Educator Residence at election: Washington, DC philosopher; Astronomer Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Bowen, William Gordon (1933-2016) Academic administrator; Government Bowdoin, James (1794-1833) Election: 1973, Fellow official Election: 1825, Fellow Affiliation at election: Princeton Affiliation at election: Boston, MA University Bowlby, Edward John Mostyn (1907- Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Princeton, NJ 1990) Career description: Lawyer; Historical Career description: Economist; Educator; Election: 1981, FHM compiler and editor Academic administrator; Foundation Affiliation at election: Tavistock Clinic executive Residence at election: London, England Career description: Psychiatrist; Educator Bower, Frederick Orpen (1855-1948) Election: 1932, FHM Affiliation at election: University of Glasgow Residence at election: Ripon, England Career description: Botanist; Educator; Academic administrator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 65

Bowles, Chester Bliss (1901-1986) Box, George Edward Pelham (1919- Boyd, William Clouser (1903-1983) Election: 1956, Fellow 2013) Election: 1949, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University Election: 1974, Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston University Residence at election: Essex, CT Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Government official; Wisconsin, Madison Career description: Biochemist; Educator Diplomat; Company executive Residence at election: Madison, WI Career description: Statistician; Educator Boyden, Edward Allen (1886-1976) Bowles, Edward Lindley (1897-1990) Election: 1924, Fellow Election: 1941, Fellow Boxer, Steven George (1947-) Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 1997, Fellow School Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: Stanford University Residence at election: Newton Centre, MA Residence at election: Wellesley, MA Residence at election: Stanford, CA Career description: Anatomist; Educator Career description: Electrical engineer; Career description: Chemist; Educator Educator; Academic administrator Current affiliation: Same Boyden, Edward S. (1979-) Election: 2017, Fellow Bowles, Francis Tiffany (1858-1927) Box-Steffensmeier, Janet M. (1967-) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 1914, Fellow Election: 2017, Fellow Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: Fore River Affiliation at election: Ohio State Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Shipbuilding Corporation University Career description: Neuroscientist; Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Columbus, OH Educator Career description: Shipbuilder; Navy Career description: Political Current affiliation: Same officer; Company executive methodologist; Educator Current affiliation: Same Boyden, Roland William (1863-1931) Bowley, Arthur Lyon (1869-1957) Election: 1931, Fellow Election: 1932, FHM Boyarin, Daniel (1946-) Affiliation at election: Permanent Court of Affiliation at election: London School of Election: 2005, Fellow Arbitration, The Hague Economics and Political Science Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Beverly, MA Residence at election: London, England California, Berkeley Career description: Lawyer; Government Career description: Statistician; Educator Residence at election: Berkeley, CA official Career description: Theologian; Historian; Bowman, Isaiah (1878-1950) Educator Boyden, Uriah Atherton (1804-1879) Election: 1916, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Election: 1840, Fellow Affiliation at election: American Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Geographical Society Boyce, Mary Cunningham (1958-) Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: New York, NY Election: 2004, Fellow Career description: Engineer; Inventor Career description: Geographer; Geologist; Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Educator; Academic administrator Institute of Technology Boyer, Ernest LeRoy (1928-1995) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 1993, Fellow Bowman, William (1816-1892) Career description: Mechanical engineer; Affiliation at election: Carnegie Election: 1890, FHM Educator Foundation for the Advancement of Affiliation at election: London, England Current affiliation: Same Teaching Residence at election: London, England Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Career description: Anatomist; Histologist; Boyd, Julian Parks (1903-1980) Career description: Educator; Academic Surgeon Election: 1949, Fellow administrator; Foundation executive; Affiliation at election: Princeton Government official Bowring, Samuel A. (1953-) University Election: 2013, Fellow Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Boyer, Herbert Wayne (1936-) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Career description: Historian; Librarian Election: 1979, Fellow Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Concord, MA Boyd, Willard Lee (1927-) California Medical School Career description: Geochemist; Geologist; Election: 2000, Fellow Residence at election: San Francisco, CA Educator Affiliation at election: University of Iowa; Career description: Biochemist; Educator; Current affiliation: Same Field Museum, Chicago Company founder and executive Residence at election: Iowa City, IA Current affiliation: University of Career description: Lawyer; Educator; California, San Francisco Academic and museum administrator Current affiliation: University of Iowa College of Law; University of Iowa Museum of Art

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 66

Boyer, Paul Delos (1918-) Braceland, Francis James (1900-1985) Bradford, Edward Hickling (1848-1926) Election: 1968, Fellow Election: 1958, Fellow Election: 1889, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical California, Los Angeles Residence at election: Hartford, CT School Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Career description: Psychiatrist; Educator; Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Biochemist; Educator Hospital administrator Career description: Surgeon; Educator; Current affiliation: Los Angeles, CA Academic administrator Bracewell, Ronald Newbold (1921-2007) Boyer, Paul Samuel (1935-2012) Election: 2002, Fellow Bradford, Gamaliel (1795-1839) Election: 1997, Fellow Affiliation at election: Stanford University Election: 1830, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Stanford, CA Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Wisconsin, Madison Career description: Radio astronomer; Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Madison, WI Electrical engineer; Educator Career description: Physician; Company Career description: Historian; Educator; executive; Hospital administrator; Writer Academic administrator Bracher, Karl Dietrich (1922-2016) (essayist) Election: 1971, FHM Boyle, Leonard Eugene (1923-1999) Affiliation at election: University of Bonn Bradley, Bill (1943-) Election: 1995, FHM Residence at election: Bonn, Germany Election: 1996, Fellow Affiliation at election: Vatican Apostolic Career description: Political scientist; Affiliation at election: U.S. Senate Library Historian; Educator Residence at election: Washington, DC Residence at election: Rome, Italy Career description: U.S. Senator; Author; Career description: Historian; Brachet, Jean Louis Auguste (1909-1988) Professional athlete Paleographer; Educator; Librarian Election: 1959, FHM Current affiliation: Allen & Company LLC Affiliation at election: University of Boyse, Edward Arthur (1923-2007) Brussels Bradley, Charles Smith (1819-1888) Election: 1977, Fellow Residence at election: Brussels, Belgium Election: 1877, Fellow Affiliation at election: Sloan-Kettering Career description: Embryologist; Affiliation at election: Harvard Law School Institute for Cancer Research; Cornell Educator; Research institution Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Medical Center administrator Career description: Lawyer; Jurist; Residence at election: New York, NY Government official; Educator Career description: Immunogeneticist; Bradburn, Norman Marshall (1933-) Educator; Research institution staff Election: 1994, Fellow Bradley, David G. (1953-) member Affiliation at election: University of Election: 2017, Fellow Chicago Affiliation at election: Atlantic Media Boysen-Jensen, Peter (1883-1959) Residence at election: Chicago, IL Residence at election: Washington, DC Election: 1948, FHM Career description: Behavioral scientist; Career description: Company executive Affiliation at election: University of Educator; Academic administrator (journalism); Philanthropist Copenhagen Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Copenhagen, Denmark Bradbury, Theophilus (1739-1803) Bradley, Stanley Edward (1913-1999) Career description: Plant physiologist; Election: 1798, Fellow Election: 1966, Fellow Educator Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Columbia Supreme Judicial Court University College of Physicians and Brace, Lloyd DeWitt (1903-1986) Residence at election: Newburyport, MA Surgeons Election: 1949, Fellow Career description: Lawyer; Jurist; Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: First National Bank Legislator Career description: Physician; of Boston Physiologist; Educator Residence at election: Boston, MA Brademas, John (1927-2016) Career description: Banker; Company Election: 1969, Fellow Bradley, Wilmot Hyde (1899-1979) executive Affiliation at election: U.S. House of Election: 1949, Fellow Representatives Affiliation at election: U.S. Geological Brace, William Francis (1926-2012) Residence at election: Washington, DC Survey Election: 1971, Fellow Career description: Member, U.S. House Residence at election: Washington, DC Affiliation at election: Massachusetts of Representatives; Academic Career description: Geologist; Institute of Technology administrator Government science agency researcher Residence at election: Cambridge, MA and administrator Career description: Geologist; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 67

Bradshaw, Thornton Frederick (1917- Bragdon, Henry Wilkinson (1906-1980) Branch, Claude Raymond (1886-1978) 1988) Election: 1969, Fellow Election: 1936, Fellow Election: 1988, Fellow Affiliation at election: Phillips Exeter Affiliation at election: Choate, Hall and Affiliation at election: Radio Corporation Academy Stewart of America Residence at election: Exeter, NH Residence at election: Providence, RI Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Historian; Educator; Career description: Lawyer Career description: Company executive; Academic administrator Educator Brandes, Georg Morris Cohen (1842- Bragg, William Lawrence (1890-1971) 1927) Brady, David W. (1940-) Election: 1959, FHM Election: 1897, FHM Election: 1989, Fellow Affiliation at election: Royal Institution of Affiliation at election: Copenhagen, Affiliation at election: Stanford University Great Britain Denmark Graduate School of Business Residence at election: London, England Residence at election: Copenhagen, Residence at election: Stanford, CA Career description: Physicist; Educator; Denmark Career description: Political scientist; Research institution administrator Career description: Literary critic and Educator scholar; Lecturer; Educator Current affiliation: Stanford Graduate Braginsky, Vladimir Borisovich (1931-) School of Business Election: 2004, FHM Brandom, Robert Boyce (1950-) Affiliation at election: Moscow State Election: 2000, Fellow Brady, Henry E. (1949-) University Affiliation at election: University of Election: 2003, Fellow Residence at election: Moscow, Russia Pittsburgh Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Physicist; Educator Residence at election: Pittsburgh, PA California, Berkeley Current affiliation: Same Career description: Philosopher; Educator Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Political scientist; Braidwood, Robert John (1907-2003) Educator Election: 1963, Fellow Brandt, Allan M. (1953-) Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: University of Election: 2001, Fellow Chicago Affiliation at election: Harvard University Brady, John F. (1954-) Residence at election: Chicago, IL Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 2014, Fellow Career description: Archaeologist; Career description: Historian (medicine); Affiliation at election: California Institute Anthropologist; Educator Educator of Technology Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Brainard, Michael S. (1963-) Career description: Chemical engineer; Election: 2016, Fellow Brandt, Richard Booker (1910-1997) Educator Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1975, Fellow Current affiliation: Same California, San Francisco Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: San Francisco, CA Michigan Brady, Nicholas Frederick (1930-) Career description: Neuroscientist; Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Election: 2000, Fellow Research institution scientist; Educator Career description: Philosopher; Educator Affiliation at election: Darby Overseas Current affiliation: Same Investments, Ltd. Branner, John Casper (1850-1922) Residence at election: Washington, DC Braithwaite, Richard Bevan (1900-1990) Election: 1921, Fellow Career description: Investment banker; Election: 1986, FHM Affiliation at election: Stanford University Company executive; U.S. Secretary of the Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Palo Alto, CA Treasury Cambridge Career description: Geologist; Educator; Current affiliation: Choptank Partners, Residence at election: Cambridge, England Academic administrator Inc. Career description: Philosopher; Educator Branscomb, Lewis McAdory (1926-) Brady, Jr., Thomas A. (1937-) Branca, Vittore Felice (1913-2004) Election: 1966, Fellow Election: 2003, Fellow Election: 1976, FHM Affiliation at election: National Bureau of Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Padua Standards; University of Colorado California, Berkeley Residence at election: Padua, Italy Residence at election: Boulder, CO Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Language and literary Career description: Physicist; Researcher; Career description: Historian; Educator scholar; Educator Research institution administrator; Current affiliation: Same Science and technology policy educator Current affiliation: Harvard University

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 68

Branton, Daniel Joseph (1932-) Brauman, John I. (1937-) Brazier, Mary Agnes Burniston (1904- Election: 1974, Fellow Election: 1976, Fellow 1995) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Stanford University Election: 1956, Fellow Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Stanford, CA Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Career description: Botanist; Cell biologist; Career description: Chemist; Educator School; Massachusetts General Hospital Educator Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Boston, MA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Neurophysiologist; Braun, Alexander Carl Heinrich (1805- Hospital staff member; Educator Braque, Georges (1882-1963) 1877) Election: 1959, FHM Election: 1870, FHM Breakefield, Xandra Owens (1942-) Affiliation at election: Paris, France Affiliation at election: University of Berlin Election: 2013, Fellow Residence at election: Paris, France Residence at election: Berlin, Germany Affiliation at election: Harvard University; Career description: Artist (painter) Career description: Botanist; Educator Massachusetts General Hospital Residence at election: Newton, MA Bratman, Michael E. (1945-) Braun, Armin Charles John (1911-1986) Career description: Neurologist; Election: 2012, Fellow Election: 1966, Fellow Geneticist; Educator Affiliation at election: Stanford University Affiliation at election: Rockefeller Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Palo Alto, CA University Career description: Philosopher; Educator; Residence at election: New York, NY Brechignac, Catherine (1946-) Professional society administrator; Career description: Botanist; Educator Election: 1998, FHM Academic administrator Affiliation at election: Centre National de Current affiliation: Same Braunstein, Aleksandr Evseyevich (1902- la Recherche Scientifique 1986) Residence at election: Paris, France Brattain, Walter Houser (1902-1987) Election: 1961, FHM Career description: Physicist; Research Election: 1956, Fellow Affiliation at election: Academy of agency administrator Affiliation at election: Bell Telephone Medical Sciences, USSR Current affiliation: Same Laboratories Residence at election: Moscow, USSR Residence at election: Murray Hills, NJ Career description: Biochemist; Research Bredekamp, Horst (1947-) Career description: Physicist; Company institution administrator Election: 2016, FHM research scientist Affiliation at election: Humboldt- Braunwald, Eugene (1929-) Universität zu Berlin Brattle, Thomas (1742-1801) Election: 1973, Fellow Residence at election: Berlin, Germany Election: 1796, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Career description: Historian (art); Affiliation at election: Cambridge, MA School; Brigham and Women’s Hospital Educator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Boston, MA Current affiliation: Same Career description: Businessperson Career description: Physician; Cardiologist; Educator Bredesen, Philip N. (1943-) Braudel, Fernand Paul (1902-1985) Current affiliation: Same Election: 2012, Fellow Election: 1970, FHM Affiliation at election: Nashville, TN Affiliation at election: Collège de France Bray, Philip James (1925-2004) Residence at election: Nashville, TN Residence at election: Paris, France Election: 1961, Fellow Career description: Governor; Mayor; Career description: Historian; Educator; Affiliation at election: Brown University Businessman Academic administrator Residence at election: Providence, RI Current affiliation: Same Career description: Physicist; Educator Braudy, Leo (1941-) Bree, Germaine (1907-2001) Election: 2010, Fellow Bray, William Crowell (1879-1946) Election: 1972, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1911, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Southern California Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Wisconsin, Madison Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Institute of Technology Residence at election: Madison, WI Career description: Language and literary Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Language and literary scholar; Educator Career description: Chemist; Educator scholar; Educator Current affiliation: Same Brazer, John (1789-1846) Breiman, Leo (1928-2005) Brauer, Richard Dagobert (1901-1977) Election: 1823, Fellow Election: 1999, Fellow Election: 1954, Fellow Affiliation at election: North Church Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Salem, MA California, Berkeley Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Clergy member Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Mathematician; Career description: Statistician; Educator Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 69

Breit, Gregory (1899-1981) Brenner, Barry Morton (1937-) Breslauer, George W. (1946-) Election: 1951, Fellow Election: 2003, Fellow Election: 2014, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: New Haven, CT School; Brigham and Women’s Hospital California, Berkeley Career description: Physicist; Educator Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Oakland, CA Career description: Physician; Career description: Political scientist; Breitel, Charles David (1908-1991) Physiologist; Educator; Hospital Academic administrator; Educator Election: 1974, Fellow administrator Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: U.S. Court of Current affiliation: Same Appeals Breslow, Ronald Charles David (1931- Residence at election: New York, NY Brenner, Howard (1929-2014) 2017) Career description: Lawyer; Jurist Election: 1999, Fellow Election: 1967, Fellow Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Columbia Bremer, Frederic Gaston Nicolas (1892- Institute of Technology University 1982) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: New York, NY Election: 1958, FHM Career description: Chemical engineer; Career description: Chemist; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Educator Brussels Bresnahan, Timothy (1953-) Residence at election: Brussels, Belgium Brenner, Michael P. (1968-) Election: 1999, Fellow Career description: Pathologist; Educator Election: 2014, Fellow Affiliation at election: Stanford University Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Stanford, CA Bremer, John Lewis (1874-1959) Residence at election: Newton, MA Career description: Economist; Educator Election: 1916, Fellow Career description: Applied physicist; Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Harvard University Applied mathematician; Educator Residence at election: Boston, MA Current affiliation: Same Bresnan, Joan W. (1945-) Career description: Embryologist; Election: 2004, Fellow Anatomist; Educator Brenner, Robert Paul (1943-) Affiliation at election: Stanford University Election: 2010, Fellow Residence at election: Stanford, CA Bren, Donald (1932-) Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Linguist; Educator Election: 2007, Fellow California, Los Angeles Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Irvine Company Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Residence at election: Newport Beach, CA Career description: Historian; Educator Brest, Paul A. (1940-) Career description: Company executive; Current affiliation: Same Election: 1982, Fellow Philanthropist Affiliation at election: Stanford University Current affiliation: Same Brenner, Sydney (1927-) Law School Election: 1966, FHM Residence at election: Stanford, CA Brendel, Alfred (1931-) Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Election: 1985, FHM Cambridge Foundation executive Affiliation at election: London, England Residence at election: Cambridge, England Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: London, England Career description: Geneticist; Molecular Career description: Musician (concert biologist; Research agency staff member Brettell, Caroline B. (1950-) pianist) and administrator Election: 2017, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Ely Cambs, England Affiliation at election: Southern Methodist University Brennan, Jr., William Joseph (1906- Brent, Charles Henry (1862-1929) Residence at election: Dallas, TX 1997) Election: 1919, Fellow Career description: Anthropologist; Election: 1991, Fellow Affiliation at election: Protestant Educator Affiliation at election: Supreme Court of Episcopal Church Current affiliation: Same the United States Residence at election: Manila, Philippines Residence at election: Washington, DC Career description: Theologian; Breuer, Marcel Lajos (1902-1981) Career description: Lawyer; Jurist (U.S. Missionary Election: 1966, Fellow Supreme Court) Affiliation at election: Marcel Breuer and Brentano, Robert J. (1926-2002) Associates, Architects Election: 1978, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Architect; Educator; California, Berkeley Company executive Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Historian; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 70

Brew, John Otis (1906-1988) Breyer, Stephen Gerald (1938-) Briggs (Lord Briggs of Lewes), Asa Election: 1952, Fellow Election: 1982, Fellow (1921-2016) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: U.S. Court of Election: 1970, FHM Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Appeals Affiliation at election: University of Sussex Career description: Archaeologist; Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Sussex, England Ethnologist; Educator; Museum Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Career description: Historian; Educator; administrator Jurist (U.S. Supreme Court) Academic administrator Current affiliation: Supreme Court of the Brewer, Leo (1919-2005) United States Briggs, Herbert Whittaker (1900-1990) Election: 1979, Fellow Election: 1970, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Brezin, Edouard (1938-) Affiliation at election: Cornell University California, Berkeley Election: 2002, FHM Law School Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Affiliation at election: Ecole Normale Residence at election: Ithaca, NY Career description: Chemist; Educator Superieure Career description: Lawyer; Educator Residence at election: Paris, France Brewer, Marilynn B. (1942-) Career description: Physicist; Educator Briggs, LeBaron Russell (1855-1934) Election: 2004, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Election: 1908, Fellow Affiliation at election: Ohio State Affiliation at election: Harvard University University Brezis, Haïm (1944-) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Columbus, OH Election: 1994, FHM Career description: Language and literary Career description: Psychologist; Educator Affiliation at election: Université Pierre et scholar; Educator; Academic Current affiliation: University of New Marie Curie administrator South Wales Residence at election: Paris, France Career description: Mathematician; Briggs, Lyman James (1874-1963) Brewer, Thomas Mayo (1814-1880) Educator Election: 1939, Fellow Election: 1854, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: National Bureau of Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Standards Residence at election: Boston, MA Bridenbaugh, Carl (1903-1992) Residence at election: Washington, DC Career description: Ornithologist; Election: 1963, Fellow Career description: Physicist; Government Company executive (publishing) Affiliation at election: Brown University agency researcher; Government Residence at election: Providence, RI administrator Brewster, David (1781-1868) Career description: Historian; Educator Election: 1822, FHM Briggs, Robert William (1911-1983) Affiliation at election: Royal Scottish Bridge, Herbert Sage (1919-1995) Election: 1960, Fellow Society of Arts Election: 1976, Fellow Affiliation at election: Indiana University Residence at election: Edinburgh, Scotland Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: Bloomington, IN Career description: Physicist; Academic Institute of Technology Career description: Biologist; Educator administrator; Writer; Editor Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Physicist; Educator; Briggs, Winslow Russell (1928-) Brewster, Jr., Kingman (1919-1988) Research institution administrator Election: 1975, Fellow Election: 1956, Fellow Affiliation at election: Carnegie Institution Affiliation at election: Harvard Law School Bridges, William Bruce (1934-) of Washington; Stanford University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 2005, Fellow Residence at election: Stanford, CA Career description: Lawyer; Educator; Affiliation at election: California Institute Career description: Plant biologist; Academic administrator of Technology Research director; Educator Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Current affiliation: Carnegie Institution Brewster, William (1851-1919) Career description: Electrical engineer; for Science; Stanford University Election: 1891, Fellow Educator; Company research staff Affiliation at election: Harvard University member Brigham, Clarence Saunders (1877- Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Current affiliation: Same 1963) Career description: Ornithologist; Election: 1946, Fellow Museum curator Bridgman, Percy Williams (1882-1961) Affiliation at election: American Election: 1912, Fellow Antiquarian Society Brewster, William Souther (1917-2013) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Worcester, MA Election: 1966, Fellow Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Librarian; Historian; Affiliation at election: United Shoe Career description: Physicist; Philosopher; Research institution administrator Machinery Corporation Educator Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Company executive

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 71

Brigham, William Tufts (1841-1926) Brimmer, Martin (1829-1896) Brinkman, William Frank (1938-) Election: 1869, Fellow Election: 1887, Fellow Election: 1992, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Museum of Fine Affiliation at election: AT&T Bell Residence at election: Boston, MA Arts, Boston Laboratories Career description: Ethnologist; Residence at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: New Providence, NJ Anthropologist; Museum administrator Career description: Trustee of nonprofit Career description: Physicist; Research cultural and charitable institutions executive Brightman, Edgar Sheffield (1884-1953) Current affiliation: Princeton University Election: 1928, Fellow Brin, Sergey (1973-) Affiliation at election: Boston University Election: 2005, Fellow Brinkmann, Reinhold (1934-2010) Residence at election: Newton Centre, MA Affiliation at election: Google Corporation Election: 2002, Fellow Career description: Philosopher; Educator Residence at election: Mountain View, CA Affiliation at election: Harvard University Career description: Computer and Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Brilliant, Richard (1929-) information scientist; Company executive Career description: Musicologist; Educator Election: 2005, Fellow (information technology) Affiliation at election: Columbia Current affiliation: Same Brinster, Ralph Lawrence (1932-) University Election: 1986, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Brink, Jr., Frank (1910-2007) Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Historian (art); Election: 1961, Fellow Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Educator Affiliation at election: Rockefeller Institute Medicine Current affiliation: Same for Medical Research Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Biologist; Educator Brillinger, David Ross (1937-) Career description: Biophysicist; Educator Current affiliation: Same Election: 1993, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Brink, Royal Alexander (1897-1984) Brinton, Clarence Crane (1898-1968) California, Berkeley Election: 1960, Fellow Election: 1939, Fellow Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Career description: Statistician; Educator Wisconsin, Madison Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Madison, WI Career description: Historian; Educator Career description: Geneticist; Educator Brilmayer, Roberta Lea (1950-) Brioschi, Francesco (1824-1897) Election: 1994, Fellow Brinkhous, Kenneth Merle (1908-2000) Election: 1874, FHM Affiliation at election: New York Election: 1973, Fellow Affiliation at election: Milan Superior University School of Law Affiliation at election: University of North Technical Institute Residence at election: New York, NY Carolina School of Medicine Residence at election: Milan, Italy Career description: Lawyer; Educator Residence at election: Chapel Hill, NC Career description: Mathematician; Current affiliation: Yale Law School Career description: Pathologist; Educator Educator; Academic administrator

Brim, Jr., Orville Gilbert (1923-2016) Brinkley, Alan David (1949-) Briquet, John Isaac (1870-1931) Election: 1974, Fellow Election: 1999, Fellow Election: 1914, FHM Affiliation at election: Foundation for Affiliation at election: Columbia Affiliation at election: Conservatoire et Child Development University Jardin Botanique Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Geneva, Switzerland Career description: Sociologist; Career description: Historian; Educator Career description: Botanist; Botanical Foundation executive; Author Current affiliation: Same garden administrator

Brimmer, Andrew Felton (1926-2012) Brinkley, John (1763-1835) Brissot de Warville, Jacques Pierre Election: 1970, Fellow Election: 1822, FHM (1754-1793) Affiliation at election: Federal Reserve Affiliation at election: Dublin University Election: 1789, FHM Board Residence at election: Dublin, Ireland Affiliation at election: Paris, France Residence at election: Washington, DC Career description: Astronomer; Educator; Residence at election: Paris, France Career description: Economist; Company Clergy member Career description: Government official; executive; Educator Author; Antislavery activist Brinkman, John Anthony (1934-) Election: 1991, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Chicago Residence at election: Chicago, IL Career description: Historian; Educator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 72

Britten, Edward Benjamin (1913-1976) Brobeck, John Raymond (1914-2009) Brodie, Bernard (1910-1978) Election: 1960, FHM Election: 1969, Fellow Election: 1975, Fellow Affiliation at election: Aldeburgh, Suffolk, Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of England Pennsylvania California, Los Angeles Residence at election: Aldeburgh, Suffolk, Residence at election: Philadelphia, PA Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA England Career description: Physiologist; Educator Career description: Political scientist; Career description: Musician (composer, Educator pianist, conductor) Brock III, William Allen (1941-) Election: 1992, Fellow Brodsky, Joseph Alexandrovich (1940- Britten, Roy John (1919-2012) Affiliation at election: University of 1996) Election: 1986, Fellow Wisconsin, Madison Election: 1976, Fellow Affiliation at election: California Institute Residence at election: Madison, WI Affiliation at election: University of of Technology; Carnegie Institution of Career description: Economist; Educator Michigan Washington Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Career description: Writer (poet); Poet Career description: Biophysicist; Brockhouse, Bertram Neville (1918- laureate; Educator Academic research staff member 2003) Election: 1990, FHM Brody, Richard Alan (1930-) Britton, Nathaniel Lord (1859-1934) Affiliation at election: McMaster Election: 1992, Fellow Election: 1925, Fellow University Affiliation at election: Stanford University Affiliation at election: New York Botanical Residence at election: Hamilton, Canada Residence at election: Stanford, CA Garden Career description: Physicist; Educator; Career description: Political scientist; Residence at election: New York, NY Company research staff member and Educator Career description: Botanist; Educator; administrator Current affiliation: Same Government and private research organization administrator Brode, Robert Bigham (1900-1986) Brody, William Ralph (1944-) Election: 1960, Fellow Election: 2003, Fellow Broad, Charlie Dunbar (1887-1970) Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Election: 1958, FHM California, Berkeley University Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Cambridge Career description: Physicist; Educator Career description: Radiologist; Electrical Residence at election: Cambridge, England engineer; Educator; Academic Career description: Philosopher; Educator Broder, David Salzer (1929-2011) administrator Election: 1990, Fellow Current affiliation: Salk Institute for Broad, Edythe L. (1933-) Affiliation at election: Washington Post Biological Studies Election: 2016, Fellow Residence at election: Washington, DC Affiliation at election: Eli and Edythe Career description: Journalist; Columnist; Broecker, Wallace Smith (1931-) Broad Foundation Author Election: 1976, Fellow Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Affiliation at election: Columbia Career description: Philanthropist; Brodhead, Richard H. (1947-) University Foundation founder and executive Election: 2004, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Yale University Career description: Geochemist; Educator Residence at election: New Haven, CT Current affiliation: Same Broad, Eli (1933-) Career description: Language and literary Election: 2001, Fellow scholar; Educator; Academic Brogan, Denis William (1900-1974) Affiliation at election: SunAmerica, Inc. administrator Election: 1966, FHM Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Current affiliation: Duke University Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Company executive Cambridge (finance) Brodie, Benjamin Collins (1783-1862) Residence at election: Cambridge, England Current affiliation: AIG Retirement Election: 1855, FHM Career description: Political scientist; Services, Inc. Affiliation at election: St. George’s Historian; Educator Hospital Broadie, Sarah Waterlow (1941-) Residence at election: London, England Brogger, Waldemar Christofer (1851- Election: 1991, Fellow Career description: Physiologist; Surgeon 1940) Affiliation at election: Yale University Election: 1914, FHM Residence at election: New Haven, CT Affiliation at election: University of Oslo Career description: Philosopher; Educator Residence at election: Christiana, Norway Current affiliation: University of St. Career description: Geologist; Andrews Mineralogist; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 73

Broglie, (Charles) Jacques Victor Albert, Bronfman, Sr., Edgar M. (1929-2013) Brook, Peter Stephen Paul (1925-) Duc de (1821-1901) Election: 2001, Fellow Election: 1986, FHM Election: 1888, FHM Affiliation at election: Seagram Company Affiliation at election: Paris, France Affiliation at election: Paris, France Ltd. Residence at election: Paris, France Residence at election: Paris, France Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Theater and film Career description: Diplomat; Premier of Career description: Company executive director France; Historian; Author Current affiliation: Same Bronk, Detlev Wulf (1897-1975) Broglie, Louis Victor Pierre Raymond Election: 1949, Fellow Brooke, Edward William (1919-2015) de (1892-1987) Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Election: 1965, Fellow Election: 1958, FHM University Affiliation at election: State of Affiliation at election: Université de Paris Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Massachusetts Residence at election: Paris, France Career description: Neurophysicist; Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Physicist; Educator Educator; Academic administrator Career description: Lawyer; U.S. Senator

Brokaw, Tom (Thomas John) (1940-) Bronner (Mrs. William Healy), Augusta Brooke, Henry James (1771-1857) Election: 2005, Fellow Fox (1881-1966) Election: 1825, FHM Affiliation at election: NBC News Election: 1943, Fellow Affiliation at election: London, England Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: Judge Baker Residence at election: London, England Career description: Broadcast journalist; Guidance Center; Simmons College Career description: Mineralogist; Author Residence at election: Boston, MA Businessperson Current affiliation: Same Career description: Psychologist; Educator; Agency administrator Brooke, Peter A. (1929-) Brombert, Victor Henri (1923-) Election: 2006, Fellow Election: 1974, Fellow Bronner, Marianne (1952-) Affiliation at election: Advent Affiliation at election: Yale University Election: 2009, Fellow International Corporation Residence at election: New Haven, CT Affiliation at election: California Institute Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Literary scholar; of Technology Career description: Company founder and Educator Residence at election: Pasadena, CA executive Current affiliation: Princeton University Career description: Cell biologist; Current affiliation: Same Educator; Academic research scientist Bromley, David Allan (1926-2005) Current affiliation: Same Brookhart, John Mills (1913-1995) Election: 1972, Fellow Election: 1967, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University Bronowski, Jacob (1908-1974) Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: New Haven, CT Election: 1960, FHM Oregon Medical School Career description: Physicist; Educator; Affiliation at election: Coal Research Residence at election: Portland, OR U.S. presidential advisor on science and Establishment of National Coal Board Career description: Physiologist; Educator technology Residence at election: Cheltenham, England Brookhart, Maurice S. (1942-) Bromwich, David (1951-) Career description: Writer; Educator; Election: 1996, Fellow Election: 1998, Fellow Research institution administrator Affiliation at election: University of North Affiliation at election: Yale University Carolina at Chapel Hill Residence at election: New Haven, CT Bronson, Bertrand Harris (1902-1986) Residence at election: Chapel Hill, NC Career description: Language and literary Election: 1966, Fellow Career description: Chemist; Educator scholar; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same California, Berkeley Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Brooks, Alison Spence (1944-) Bronfenbrenner, Martin (1914-1997) Career description: Language and literary Election: 1993, Fellow Election: 1977, Fellow scholar; Educator Affiliation at election: George Washington Affiliation at election: Duke University University Residence at election: Durham, NC Brönsted, Johannes Nicolaus (1879- Residence at election: Washington, DC Career description: Economist; Educator 1947) Career description: Anthropologist; Election: 1929, FHM Educator Bronfenbrenner, Urie (1917-2005) Affiliation at election: University of Current affiliation: Same Election: 1978, Fellow Copenhagen Affiliation at election: Cornell University Residence at election: Copenhagen, Residence at election: Ithaca, NY Denmark Career description: Psychologist; Educator Career description: Physical chemist; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 74

Brooks, Charles Franklin (1891-1958) Brooks, Van Wyck (1886-1963) Election: 1933, Fellow Election: 1949, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Bridgewater, CT Residence at election: Milton, MA Residence at election: Bridgewater, CT Career description: Meteorologist; Career description: Historian; Biographer; Educator; Research institution Literary critic administrator Brooks, William Keith (1848-1908) Brooks, Cleanth (1906-1994) Election: 1892, Associate Fellow Election: 1966, Fellow Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Affiliation at election: Yale University University Residence at election: New Haven, CT Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Career description: Language and literary Career description: Zoologist; scholar; Educator Embryologist; Educator Harvey Brooks, elected 1951. Photo courtesy of Helen Brooks Brooks, David B. (1961-) Broome, John (1947-) Election: 2010, Fellow Brooks, Harvey (1915-2004) Election: 2014, FHM Affiliation at election: The New York Election: 1951, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Times Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Oxford, England Residence at election: Washington, DC Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Philosopher; Career description: Journalist Career description: Physicist; Technology Economist; Educator Current affiliation: Same and public policy scholar; Educator; Current affiliation: Same Academic administrator Brooks, Edward Pennell (1895-1981) Brosin, Henry Walter (1904-1999) Election: 1958, Fellow Brooks, Paul (1909-1998) Election: 1958, Fellow Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 1964, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: Houghton Mifflin Pittsburgh Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Company Residence at election: Pittsburgh, PA Career description: Business expert; Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Psychiatrist; Educator Educator; Company executive Career description: Editor; Company executive Broué, Michel (1946-) Brooks, Jr., Frederick Phillips (1931-) Election: 2014, FHM Election: 1976, Fellow Brooks, Peter Preston (1938-) Affiliation at election: Université Paris Affiliation at election: University of North Election: 1991, Fellow Diderot (Paris VII) Carolina at Chapel Hill Affiliation at election: Yale University Residence at election: Paris, France Residence at election: Chapel Hill, NC Residence at election: New Haven, CT Career description: Mathematician; Career description: Computer scientist; Career description: Literary scholar; Educator Educator Educator; Academic administrator Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Princeton University Broughton, Thomas Robert Shannon Brooks, Phillips (1835-1893) (1900-1993) Election: 1878, Fellow Election: 1962, Fellow Affiliation at election: Trinity Church, Affiliation at election: Bryn Mawr College Boston Residence at election: Bryn Mawr, PA Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Classicist; Historian; Career description: Clergy member Educator

Brooks, Rodney (1954-) Broun, Elizabeth (1946-) Election: 2007, Fellow Election: 2017, Fellow Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Smithsonian Institute of Technology; iRobot American Art Museum Corporation Residence at election: Bethesda, MD Residence at election: Lincoln, MA Career description: Historian (art); Career description: Computer scientist; Museum curator and administrator Robotics engineer; Educator Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Rethink Robotics, Inc.

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 75

Brouwer, Dirk (1902-1966) Brown, Donald David (1931-) Brown, Ernest William (1866-1938) Election: 1951, Fellow Election: 1971, Fellow Election: 1912, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: Carnegie Institution Affiliation at election: Yale University Residence at election: New Haven, CT of Washington; Johns Hopkins University Residence at election: New Haven, CT Career description: Astronomer; Educator; Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Career description: Mathematician; Observatory administrator Career description: Developmental Educator biologist; Educator; Research institution Browder, Felix Earl (1927-) administrator; Foundation executive Brown, Frank Edward (1908-1988) Election: 1959, Fellow Current affiliation: Carnegie Institution Election: 1977, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University for Science, Baltimore, MD Affiliation at election: American Academy Residence at election: New Haven, CT in Rome Career description: Mathematician; Brown, Donald Jerome (1937-) Residence at election: Rome, Italy Educator Election: 1992, Fellow Career description: Classicist; Educator; Current affiliation: Rutgers, The State Affiliation at election: Stanford University Academic administrator University of New Jersey Residence at election: Stanford, CA Career description: Economist; Brown, Gene Monte (1926-) Browder, William (1934-) Mathematician; Educator Election: 1979, Fellow Election: 1984, Fellow Current affiliation: Yale University Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Princeton Institute of Technology University Brown, Douglass Vincent (1904-1986) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Election: 1944, Fellow Career description: Biochemist; Career description: Mathematician; Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Enzymologist; Educator Educator Institute of Technology Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Brookline, MA Career description: Economist; Brown, Gerald Edward (1926-2013) Brower, Reuben Arthur (1908-1975) Management specialist; Educator Election: 1975, Fellow Election: 1958, Fellow Affiliation at election: State University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Brown, Edgar Cary (1916-2007) New York at Stony Brook Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 1966, Fellow Residence at election: Stony Brook, NY Career description: Language and literary Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Career description: Physicist; Educator scholar; Educator; Academic Institute of Technology administrator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Brown, Gordon Stanley (1907-1996) Career description: Economist; Educator Election: 1950, Fellow Brown, Archibald Haworth (Archie) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts (1938-) Brown, Jr., Edgar Henry (1926-) Institute of Technology Election: 2003, FHM Election: 1974, Fellow Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Affiliation at election: Brandeis University Career description: Electrical engineer; Residence at election: Oxford, England Residence at election: Waltham, MA Educator; Academic administrator Career description: Political scientist; Career description: Mathematician; Educator Educator Brown, Harold (1927-) Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Election: 1969, Fellow Affiliation at election: California Institute Brown, Carleton (1869-1941) Brown, Emery Neal (1956-) of Technology Election: 1933, Fellow Election: 2012, Fellow Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Affiliation at election: New York Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Career description: Physicist; U.S. University Institute of Technology; Massachusetts Secretary of Defense; Academic Residence at election: Upper Montclair, NJ General Hospital; Harvard Medical administrator; Company executive Career description: Philologist; School Current affiliation: Center for Strategic & Medievalist; Educator Residence at election: Brookline, MA International Studies Career description: Neurophysiologist; Brown, Charles Lee (1921-2003) Educator Brown, Harrison Scott (1917-1986) Election: 1991, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Election: 1959, Fellow Affiliation at election: American Affiliation at election: California Institute Telephone and Telegraph Company Brown, Ernest Joseph (1906-2001) of Technology Residence at election: New York, NY Election: 1966, Fellow Residence at election: Pasadena, CA Career description: Company executive Affiliation at election: Harvard University Career description: Geochemist; Educator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Lawyer; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 76

Brown, Herbert Charles (1912-2004) Brown, John Nicholas (1900-1979) Brown, Michael Stuart (1941-) Election: 1966, Fellow Election: 1950, Fellow Election: 1981, Fellow Affiliation at election: Purdue University Affiliation at election: U.S. Government Affiliation at election: University of Texas Residence at election: Lafayette, IN Residence at election: Washington, DC Southwestern Medical Center Career description: Chemist; Educator Career description: Company executive; Residence at election: Dallas, TX Government official; Arts patron Career description: Molecular geneticist; Brown, Herbert Ross (1902-1988) Educator Election: 1958, Fellow Brown, John Seely (1940-) Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Bowdoin College Election: 2009, Fellow Residence at election: Brunswick, ME Affiliation at election: University of Brown, Myles A. (1955-) Career description: Language and literary Southern California; Deloitte Center for Election: 2017, Fellow scholar; Educator; Government official Edge Innovation Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Residence at election: Palo Alto, CA School; Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Brown, Howard Mayer (1930-1993) Career description: Company scientist and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Election: 1980, Fellow executive; Research institution Residence at election: Boston, MA Affiliation at election: University of administrator; Academic institution Career description: Physician; Medical Chicago advisor; Educator scientist; Educator Residence at election: Chicago, IL Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Career description: Musicologist; Musician (conductor); Educator Brown, Jonathan (1939-) Brown, Peter Robert Lamont (1935-) Election: 1996, Fellow Election: 1979, Fellow Brown, Howard Nicholson (1849-1932) Affiliation at election: New York Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1919, Fellow University California, Berkeley Affiliation at election: King’s Chapel Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Historian (art); Career description: Historian; Educator Career description: Clergy member Educator Current affiliation: Princeton University Current affiliation: New York University Brown, James Allison (1934-) Institute of Fine Arts Brown, Raymond Edward (1928-1998) Election: 2012, Fellow Election: 1983, Fellow Affiliation at election: Northwestern Brown, Joseph (1733-1785) Affiliation at election: Union Theological University Election: 1781, Fellow Seminary Residence at election: Chicago, IL Affiliation at election: Providence, RI Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Anthropologist; Residence at election: Providence, RI Career description: Clergy member: Archaeologist; Educator Career description: Merchant; Theologian; Educator Current affiliation: Same Manufacturer; Physicist; Astronomer Brown, Robert (1773-1858) Brown, James Douglas (1898-1986) Brown, Lawrence David (1940-) Election: 1849, FHM Election: 1960, Fellow Election: 2013, Fellow Affiliation at election: British Museum Affiliation at election: Princeton Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: London, England University Pennsylvania Wharton School Career description: Botanist; Librarian; Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Residence at election: Bryn Mawr, PA Museum administrator Career description: Economist; Educator; Career description: Statistician; Educator; Academic administrator Academic administrator; Editor Brown, Robert Arthur (1951-) Current affiliation: Same Election: 1994, Fellow Brown, James Hemphill (1942-) Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 1995, Fellow Brown, Lester R. (1934-) Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: University of New Election: 2017, Fellow Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Mexico Affiliation at election: Earth Policy Career description: Chemical engineer; Residence at election: Albuquerque, NM Institute Educator; Academic administrator Career description: Ecologist: Residence at election: Washington, DC Current affiliation: Boston University Evolutionary biologist; Educator Career description: Environmental analyst; Current affiliation: Same Research institution founder and Brown, Robert Minge (1911-1994) executive Election: 1973, Fellow Brown, John Carter (1934-2002) Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: McCutchen, Brown, Election: 1993, Fellow Doyle & Enersen Affiliation at election: National Gallery of Brown, Mather (1761-1831) Residence at election: Stanford, CA Art Election: 1798, FHM Career description: Lawyer; Company Residence at election: Washington, DC Affiliation at election: London, England executive; Academic administrator Career description: Art museum Residence at election: London, England administrator Career description: Artist (painter)

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 77

Brown, Roger William (1925-1997) Browne, Janet Elizabeth (1950-) Bruce, Archibald (1777-1818) Election: 1963, Fellow Election: 2008, Fellow Election: 1812, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Queen’s College Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Psychologist; Educator Career description: Historian (science); Career description: Physician; Educator; Educator Mineralogist Brown, Samuel Gilman (1813-1885) Current affiliation: Same Election: 1865, Associate Fellow Bruce, Henry Addington Bayley (1874- Affiliation at election: Dartmouth College Browne (Lord Browne of Madingley), 1959) Residence at election: Hanover, NH John (Edmund John Phillip) (1948-) Election: 1931, Fellow Career description: Educator; Academic Election: 2003, FHM Affiliation at election: Cambridge, MA administrator Affiliation at election: BP p.l.c. Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: London, England Career description: Psychologist; Brown, Sanborn Conner (1913-1981) Career description: Company executive; Journalist Election: 1953, Fellow Petroleum engineer Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Current affiliation: Royal Academy of Brucker, Gene Adam (1924-2017) Institute of Technology Engineering, UK Election: 1979, Fellow Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Physicist; Educator; Browning, Christopher R. (1944-) California, Berkeley Academic administrator Election: 2006, Fellow Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Affiliation at election: University of North Career description: Historian; Educator Brown, Sevellon Ledyard (1886-1956) Carolina at Chapel Hill Election: 1953, Fellow Residence at election: Chapel Hill, NC Brudney, Victor (1917-2016) Affiliation at election: Providence Journal Career description: Historian; Educator Election: 1982, Fellow and Evening Bulletin Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Providence, RI Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Journalist; Editor; Brownlee, Donald E. (1943-) Career description: Lawyer; Educator Company executive Election: 2007, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Brueckner, Keith Allan (1924-2014) Brown, Theodore Henry (1888-1973) Washington Election: 1968, Fellow Election: 1946, Fellow Residence at election: Seattle, WA Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Career description: Astronomer; Educator California, San Diego Graduate School of Business Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: San Diego, CA Administration Career description: Physicist; Educator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Brown-Sequard, Charles Edouard (1817- Career description: Statistician; Educator 1894) Brues, Austin Moore (1906-1991) Election: 1867, Fellow Election: 1957, Fellow Brown, Theodore Lawrence (1928-) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1994, Fellow Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Chicago; Argonne National Laboratory Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Physician; Residence at election: Lemont, IL Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Physiologist; Educator Career description: Radiobiologist; Residence at election: Urbana, IL Educator; Research institution Career description: Chemist; Educator; Brubaker, Rogers (1956-) administrator Academic administrator Election: 2009, Fellow Current affiliation: Bonita Springs, FL Affiliation at election: University of Brues, Charles Thomas (1879-1955) California, Los Angeles Election: 1915, Fellow Brown, Trisha (1936-2017) Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Affiliation at election: Harvard University Election: 2009, Fellow Career description: Sociologist; Educator Residence at election: Boston, MA Affiliation at election: Trisha Brown Current affiliation: Same Career description: Zoologist; Educator; Dance Company Museum curator Residence at election: New York, NY Brubeck, Dave (1920-2012) Career description: Director (dance, Election: 2011, Fellow Brugge, Joan S. (1949-) opera); Choreographer; Artist (drawing) Affiliation at election: Wilton, CT Election: 2000, Fellow Residence at election: Wilton, CT Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Career description: Musician (jazz School pianist); Composer Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Cell biologist; Educator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 78

Bruice, Thomas Charles (1925-) Brunori, Maurizio (1937-) Brustein, Robert Sanford (1927-) Election: 1976, Fellow Election: 2006, FHM Election: 1986, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Rome Affiliation at election: Harvard University California, Santa Barbara Residence at election: Rome, Italy Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Santa Barbara, CA Career description: Biochemist; Educator Career description: Language and literary Career description: Chemist; Educator Current affiliation: Same scholar; Theatre director; Educator Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Bruns, Gerald L. (1938-) Bruneau, Jean Louis (1922-2003) Election: 2008, Fellow Bruzelius, Caroline Astrid (1949-) Election: 1974, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Notre Election: 2012, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Dame Affiliation at election: Duke University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Avila Beach, CA Residence at election: Durham, NC Career description: Language and literary Career description: Literary scholar; Career description: Historian (art and scholar; Educator Educator architecture); Medievalist; Educator Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Brunel, Marc Isambard (Sir) (1769-1849) Election: 1834, FHM Brunschwig, Jacques (1929-) Bryan, John Henry (1936-) Affiliation at election: Thames Tunnel Election: 2007, FHM Election: 1998, Fellow Company Affiliation at election: Université Paris 1 Affiliation at election: Sara Lee Residence at election: London, England Residence at election: Antony, France Corporation Career description: Civil engineer; Career description: Philosopher; Educator Residence at election: Chicago, IL Architect; Industrial machinery inventor Current affiliation: Université de Paris Career description: Company executive (manufacturing ); Nonprofit institution Bruner, Jerome Seymour (1915-2016) Brunton, Thomas Lauder (1844-1916) leader Election: 1954, Fellow Election: 1901, FHM Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: St. Bartholomew’s Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Hospital Bryan, Kirk (1888-1950) Career description: Psychologist; Educator Residence at election: London, England Election: 1929, Fellow Career description: Physician; Affiliation at election: Harvard University Brunetiere, Ferdinand (1849-1906) Physiologist; Educator Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Election: 1898, FHM Career description: Geologist; Affiliation at election: Ecole Normale Brus, Louis Eugene (1943-) Geomorphologist; Educator Superieure Election: 1998, Fellow Residence at election: Paris, France Affiliation at election: Columbia Bryant, Douglas Wallace (1913-1994) Career description: Language and literary University Election: 1969, Fellow scholar and critic; Educator Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: Harvard University Career description: Chemist; Company Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Brüning, Heinrich (1885-1970) research institution staff member; Career description: Librarian; Election: 1938, FHM Educator Bibliographer; Educator Affiliation at election: Harvard University Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Bryant, Henry (1820-1867) Career description: Political scientist; Brush, Charles Francis (1849-1929) Election: 1858, Fellow Educator; Government official; Legislator Election: 1917, Fellow Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Affiliation at election: Cleveland, OH Residence at election: Boston, MA Brunner, Heinrich (1840-1915) Residence at election: Cleveland, OH Career description: Ornithologist; Election: 1897, FHM Career description: Inventor; Company Educator Affiliation at election: University of Berlin executive Residence at election: Berlin, Germany Bryant, Randal E. (1952-) Career description: Historian (law); Brush, George Jarvis (1831-1912) Election: 2010, Fellow Educator Election: 1871, Associate Fellow Affiliation at election: Carnegie Mellon Affiliation at election: Yale University University Bruno, Michael Peter (1932-1996) Residence at election: New Haven, CT Residence at election: Pittsburgh, PA Election: 1982, FHM Career description: Mineralogist; Career description: Computer scientist; Affiliation at election: Hebrew University Educator; Academic administrator Educator of Jerusalem Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Jerusalem, Israel Career description: Economist; Educator; Banker

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 79

Bryant, Robert L. (1953-) Bryson, Lyman Lloyd (1888-1959) Buchanan, John Machlin (1917-2007) Election: 2002, Fellow Election: 1959, Fellow Election: 1953, Fellow Affiliation at election: Duke University Affiliation at election: Columbia Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: Durham, NC Broadcasting System Institute of Technology Career description: Mathematician; Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Educator Career description: Education scholar; Career description: Biochemist; Educator Current affiliation: Same Educator; Media expert Bucher, Nancy Leslie Rutherfurd (1913- Bryant, William Cullen (1794-1878) Brzezinski, Zbigniew (1928-2017) 2017) Election: 1855, Associate Fellow Election: 1969, Fellow Election: 1991, Fellow Affiliation at election: New York Evening Affiliation at election: Columbia Affiliation at election: Boston University Post University School of Medicine Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Journalist; Writer Career description: Political scientist; Career description: Cell biologist; (poet); Lawyer Educator; Presidential advisor Academic and medical institution research staff member; Educator Bryce, James (1838-1922) Buber, Martin (1878-1965) Election: 1893, FHM Election: 1961, FHM Bucher, Walter Herman (1889-1965) Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Affiliation at election: Hebrew University Election: 1949, Fellow Residence at election: Oxford, England of Jerusalem Affiliation at election: Columbia Career description: Lawyer; Historian; Residence at election: Jerusalem, Israel University Educator; Government official; Diplomat Career description: Theologian; Residence at election: New York, NY Philosopher; Educator Career description: Geologist; Educator; Bryk, Anthony S. (1948-) Academic administrator Election: 2011, Fellow Buch, Christian Leopold, Freiherr von Affiliation at election: Carnegie (1774-1853) Buchi, George Hermann (1921-1998) Foundation for the Advancement of Election: 1849, FHM Election: 1956, Fellow Teaching Affiliation at election: Berlin, Germany Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: Menlo Park, CA Residence at election: Berlin, Germany Institute of Technology Career description: Sociologist; Educator; Career description: Geologist; Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Research institution administrator Paleontologist; Traveler Career description: Chemist; Educator Current affiliation: Same Buchan, Alastair Francis (1918-1976) Buchloh, Benjamin H.D. (1941-) Bryson, Jr., Arthur Earl (1925-) Election: 1975, FHM Election: 2008, Fellow Election: 1960, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Oxford, England Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Political scientist; Career description: Historian (art); Career description: Aerospace engineer; Educator; Research institution Educator Educator administrator Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Stanford University Buchanan, Bob Branch (1937-) Buchsbaum, David Alvin (1929-) Bryson, John E. (1943-) Election: 1997, Fellow Election: 1995, Fellow Election: 2011, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Brandeis University Affiliation at election: Edison California, Berkeley Residence at election: Waltham, MA International Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Mathematician; Residence at election: San Marino, CA Career description: Biochemist; Educator Career description: Company executive Microbiologist; Educator Current affiliation: Same (utilities) Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Woodrow Wilson Buchsbaum, Solomon Jan (1929-1993) International Center for Scholars Buchanan, James McGill (1919-2013) Election: 1973, Fellow Election: 1976, Fellow Affiliation at election: Bell Telephone Bryson, Louise Henry (1944-) Affiliation at election: Virginia Laboratories Election: 2010, Fellow Polytechnic Institute and State University Residence at election: Murray Hill, NJ Affiliation at election: J. Paul Getty Trust Residence at election: Blacksburg, VA Career description: Physicist; Research Residence at election: San Marino, CA Career description: Economist; Educator institution administrator; Company Career description: Company executive executive (broadcasting); Museum trustee Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 80

Buchwald, Stephen Leffler (1955-) Buckley, Oliver Ellsworth (1887-1959) Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce J. (1946-) Election: 2000, Fellow Election: 1949, Fellow Election: 1992, Fellow Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Bell Laboratories Affiliation at election: University of Institute of Technology Residence at election: New York, NY Rochester; Stanford University Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Physicist; Engineer; Residence at election: Rochester, NY Career description: Chemist; Educator Company executive Career description: Political scientist; Current affiliation: Same Educator; Research institution staff Buckminster, Joseph Stevens (1784- member Buck, Carl Darling (1866-1955) 1812) Current affiliation: Stanford University; Election: 1921, Fellow Election: 1809, Fellow New York University Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Brattle Street Chicago Church, Boston Buerger, Martin Julian (1903-1986) Residence at election: Chicago, IL Residence at election: Boston, MA Election: 1945, Fellow Career description: Philologist; Educator Career description: Clergy member Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Buck, Linda Brown (1947-) Bucksbaum, Philip Howard (1953-) Residence at election: Lincoln, MA Election: 2008, Fellow Election: 2012, Fellow Career description: Mineralogist; Affiliation at election: Fred Hutchinson Affiliation at election: Stanford University Crystallographer; Educator; Academic Cancer Research Center Residence at election: Stanford, CA administrator Residence at election: Seattle, WA Career description: Physicist; Educator; Career description: Neurobiologist; Academic research institution Buffett, Warren Edward (1930-) Research institution staff member administrator and scientist Election: 1992, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: Berkshire Hathaway Inc. Buckingham, Amyand David (1930-) Buddington, Arthur Francis (1890-1980) Residence at election: Omaha, NE Election: 1992, FHM Election: 1948, Fellow Career description: Company executive; Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Princeton Investment entrepreneur Cambridge University Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Cambridge, England Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Career description: Chemist; Educator Career description: Geologist; Educator Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, Comte de Current affiliation: Same (1707-1788) Budiansky, Bernard (1925-1999) Election: 1782, FHM Buckland, William (1784-1856) Election: 1958, Fellow Affiliation at election: Jardin du Roi Election: 1825, FHM Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Paris, France Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Naturalist; Research Residence at election: London, England Career description: Mechanical engineer; institution administrator Career description: Geologist; Educator; Government research scientist Paleontologist; Educator; Clergy member Buhler, Curt Ferdinand (1905-1985) Buechner, William Weber (1914-1985) Election: 1958, Fellow Buckland, William Warwick (1859-1946) Election: 1954, Fellow Affiliation at election: Pierpont Morgan Election: 1938, FHM Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Library Affiliation at election: University of Institute of Technology Residence at election: New York, NY Cambridge Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Librarian; Historian Residence at election: Cambridge, England Career description: Physicist; Educator Career description: Legal scholar; Buhrman, Robert Alan (1945-) Educator; Academic administrator Bueding, Ernest (1910-1987) Election: 2006, Fellow Election: 1979, Fellow Affiliation at election: Cornell University Buckley, Jerome Hamilton (1917-2003) Affiliation at election: Johns Hopkins Residence at election: Ithaca, NY Election: 1976, Fellow University Career description: Engineer; Educator Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Baltimore, MD Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Pharmacologist; Career description: Language and literary Educator; Academic administrator scholar; Educator Buell, Lawrence (1939-) Election: 2008, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Lincoln, MA Career description: Literary scholar; Educator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 81

Bullock, Charles Jesse (1869-1941) Bunch III, Lonnie G. (1952-) Election: 1913, Fellow Election: 2017, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Smithsonian Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Institution Career description: Economist; Educator Residence at election: Washington, DC Career description: Historian; Museum Bullock, Theodore Holmes (1915-2005) administrator and curator Election: 1958, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: University of California, Los Angeles Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Career description: Neurobiologist; Educator

Charles Bulfinch, elected 1791. Image donated by Bulow, Jeremy Israel (1954-) Corbis-Bettmann Election: 2004, Fellow Bulfinch, Charles (1763-1844) Affiliation at election: Stanford University Election: 1791, Fellow Graduate School of Business Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Residence at election: Stanford, CA Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Economist; Educator Career description: Architect; Government Current affiliation: Stanford Graduate official School of Business

Bull, James Jeffrey (1949-) Bumpass, Larry Lee (1942-) Ralph Johnson Bunche, elected 1951. Image Election: 2003, Fellow Election: 1996, Fellow donated by Corbis-Bettmann Affiliation at election: University of Texas Affiliation at election: University of Bunche, Ralph Johnson (1904-1971) at Austin Wisconsin, Madison Election: 1951, Fellow Residence at election: Austin, TX Residence at election: Madison, WI Affiliation at election: United Nations Career description: Evolutionary biologist; Career description: Sociologist; Educator; Residence at election: New York, NY Educator Research project administrator Career description: Political scientist; Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Educator; Diplomat

Bullard, Edward Crisp (1907-1980) Bumpus, Hermon Carey (1862-1943) Bundles, A’Lelia (1952-) Election: 1954, FHM Election: 1915, Fellow Election: 2015, Fellow Affiliation at election: National Physical Affiliation at election: Tufts College Affiliation at election: Washington, DC Laboratory Residence at election: Medford, MA Residence at election: Washington, DC Residence at election: Teddington, Career description: Zoologist; Educator; Career description: Broadcast journalist Middlesex, England Academic administrator; Museum curator Current affiliation: Same Career description: Geophysicist; Educator; Government research scientist Bumstead, Henry Andrews (1870-1920) Bundy, Harvey Hollister (1888-1963) and administrator Election: 1914, Fellow Election: 1946, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Bullen, Keith Edward (1906-1976) Residence at election: New Haven, CT Residence at election: Boston, MA Election: 1960, FHM Career description: Physicist; Educator; Career description: Lawyer; Government Affiliation at election: University of Research institution administrator official Sydney Residence at election: Sydney, Australia Bunce, Valerie Jane (1948-) Bundy, McGeorge (1919-1996) Career description: Seismologist; Election: 2010, Fellow Election: 1954, Fellow Mathematician; Educator Affiliation at election: Cornell University Affiliation at election: Harvard University Residence at election: Ithaca, NY Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Bullock, Alan Louis Charles (1914-2004) Career description: Political scientist; Career description: Political scientist; Election: 1972, FHM Educator Educator; Historian; Academic Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Current affiliation: Same administrator; U.S. National Security Residence at election: Oxford, England Advisor; Foundation executive Career description: Historian; Academic administrator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 82

Bundy, William Putnam (1917-2000) Bunshaft, Gordon (1909-1990) Burchfiel, Burrell Clark (1934-) Election: 1964, Fellow Election: 1969, Fellow Election: 1984, Fellow Affiliation at election: U.S. Department of Affiliation at election: Skidmore, Owings Affiliation at election: Massachusetts State and Merrill Institute of Technology Residence at election: Washington, DC Residence at election: New York, NY Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Presidential Foreign Career description: Architect; Company Career description: Geologist; Educator Affairs advisor; Editor executive Current affiliation: Same

Bunker, Ellsworth (1894-1984) Bunting-Smith, Mary Ingraham (1910- Burchfield, Charles Ephraim (1893-1967) Election: 1960, Fellow 1998) Election: 1960, Fellow Affiliation at election: U.S. Department of Election: 1960, Fellow Affiliation at election: West Seneca, NY State Affiliation at election: Radcliffe College Residence at election: West Seneca, NY Residence at election: New Delhi, India Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Artist (painter) Career description: Company executive; Career description: Geneticist; Educator; Diplomat Academic administrator Burchfield, Robert William (1923-2004) Election: 1977, FHM Bunker, John Wymond Miller (1886- Bunuel, Luis (1900-1983) Affiliation at election: University of Oxford 1969) Election: 1964, FHM Residence at election: Oxford, England Election: 1928, Fellow Affiliation at election: Mexico City, Career description: Language scholar; Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Mexico Editor; Educator Institute of Technology Residence at election: Mexico City, Mexico Residence at election: Belmont, MA Career description: Writer (screenwriter); Burckhardt, Johann Karl (1773-1825) Career description: Physiologist; Film producer and director Election: 1822, FHM Biochemist; Educator; Academic Affiliation at election: Observatory of the administrator Burbank, Harold Hitchings (1887-1951) Ecole Militaire Election: 1933, Fellow Residence at election: Paris, France Bunn, Howard Franklin (1935-) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Career description: Mathematician; Election: 1999, Fellow Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Astronomer; Research agency and Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Career description: Economist; Educator institution staff member School; Brigham and Women’s Hospital Residence at election: Boston, MA Burbidge, Eleanor Margaret (1919-) Burdell, Edwin Sharp (1898-1978) Career description: Physician; Election: 1969, Fellow Election: 1945, Fellow Hematologist; Educator Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Cooper Union for Current affiliation: Same California, San Diego the Advancement of Science and Art Residence at election: La Jolla, CA Residence at election: New York, NY Bunnett, Joseph Frederick (1921-2015) Career description: Astronomer; Educator Career description: Sociologist; Educator; Election: 1959, Fellow Current affiliation: Same Academic administrator Affiliation at election: Brown University Residence at election: Providence, RI Burbidge, Geoffrey R. (1925-2010) Burden, Chris (1946-2015) Career description: Chemist; Educator Election: 1971, Fellow Election: 2014, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Bunsen, Christian Carl Josias, Freiherr California, San Diego California, Los Angeles von (1791-1860) Residence at election: La Jolla, CA Residence at election: Topanga, CA Election: 1853, FHM Career description: Astrophysicist; Career description: Artist (visual); Affiliation at election: Government of Educator Educator Prussia Residence at election: Bonn, Germany Burchard, John Ely (1898-1975) Burg, Johann Tobias (1766-1834) Career description: Diplomat; Election: 1950, Fellow Election: 1822, FHM Philosopher; Theologian Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Vienna Observatory Institute of Technology Residence at election: Vienna, Austria Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Career description: Astronomer; Educator; (1811-1899) Career description: Historian Investigator Election: 1864, FHM (architecture); Educator; Academic Affiliation at election: University of administrator Heidelberg Residence at election: Heidelberg, Germany Career description: Chemist; Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 83

Burg, Maurice Benjamin (1931-) Burgin, Richard (1892-1981) Burkholder, Donald Lyman (1927-2013) Election: 2001, Fellow Election: 1947, Fellow Election: 1992, Fellow Affiliation at election: National Heart, Affiliation at election: Boston Symphony Affiliation at election: University of Lung, and Blood Institute Orchestra Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Residence at election: Bethesda, MD Residence at election: Brookline, MA Residence at election: Urbana, IL Career description: Physiologist; Career description: Musician (violinist); Career description: Mathematician; Government research agency Educator Educator administrator Current affiliation: Same Burhoe, Ralph Wendell (1911-1997) Burkitt, Francis Crawford (1864-1935) Election: 1965, Fellow Election: 1927, FHM Burge, Charles Tyler (1946-) Affiliation at election: Meadville Affiliation at election: University of Election: 1993, Fellow Theological School Cambridge Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Chicago, IL Residence at election: Cambridge, England California, Los Angeles Career description: Meteorologist; Career description: Theologian; Educator Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Theologian; Educator; Learned society Career description: Philosopher; Educator administrator Burlingame, Eugene Watson (1876- Current affiliation: Same 1932) Burke, Bernard Flood (1928-) Election: 1917, Fellow Burger, Max Marcell (1933-) Election: 1970, Fellow Affiliation at election: Yale University Election: 1988, FHM Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Residence at election: Albany, NY Affiliation at election: Universitat Basel; Institute of Technology Career description: Philologist; Educator Friedrich Miescher Institute Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Basel, Switzerland Career description: Astrophysicist; Burnet, Frank Macfarlane (1899-1985) Career description: Biochemist; Educator; Educator Election: 1958, FHM Research institution administrator Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: University of Current affiliation: Novartis International Melbourne; Hall Institute of Medical AG Burke, James Edward (1925-2012) Research Election: 1993, Fellow Residence at election: Melbourne, Burgers, Johannes Martinus (1895-1981) Affiliation at election: Johnson & Johnson, Australia Election: 1959, Fellow Inc. Career description: Microbiologist; Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: New Brunswick, NJ Virologist; Educator; Research institution Maryland Career description: Company executive administrator Residence at election: College Park, MD Career description: Physicist; Mechanical Burke, Kenneth Duva (1897-1993) Burnett, Carol (1933-) engineer; Educator Election: 1963, Fellow Election: 2017, Fellow Affiliation at election: Andover, NJ Affiliation at election: Los Angeles, CA Burgess, Edward (1848-1891) Residence at election: Andover, NJ Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Election: 1878, Fellow Career description: Writer (literary critic) Career description: Actor; Comedian; Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Musician (singer); Writer (screenwriter) Residence at election: Boston, MA Burkert, Walter (1931-2015) Current affiliation: Same Career description: Entomologist; Yacht Election: 1988, FHM designer Affiliation at election: University of Burnett, Charles Hoyt (1913-1967) Zurich, Switzerland Election: 1959, Fellow Burgess, John P. (1948-) Residence at election: Zurich, Switzerland Affiliation at election: University of North Election: 2012, Fellow Career description: Classicist; Educator Carolina at Chapel Hill; North Carolina Affiliation at election: Princeton Memorial Hospital University Burkhardt, Frederick Henry (1912-2007) Residence at election: Chapel Hill, NC Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Election: 1961, Fellow Career description: Physician; Educator; Career description: Philosopher; Logician; Affiliation at election: American Council Hospital administrator Educator of Learned Societies Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: New York, NY Burnett, Waldo Irving (1827-1854) Career description: Academic Election: 1851, Fellow Burgin, Clarence Rodgers (1899-1990) administrator; Learned society Affiliation at election: Boston, MA Election: 1961, Fellow administrator; Editor Residence at election: Boston, MA Affiliation at election: New England Career description: Zoologist; Physician Merchants National Bank Residence at election: Boston, MA Career description: Banker

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 84

Burnham, Sherburne Wesley (1838- Burns, Ursula M. (1958-) Burris, Robert Harza (1914-2010) 1921) Election: 2017, Fellow Election: 1975, Fellow Election: 1890, Associate Fellow Affiliation at election: Xerox Corporation Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Lick Observatory Residence at election: Norwalk, CT Wisconsin, Madison Residence at election: San Jose, CA Career description: Mechanical engineer; Residence at election: Madison, WI Career description: Astronomer; Research Company executive Career description: Biochemist; Educator institution staff member; Educator Current affiliation: VEON Burrows, Adam Seth (1953-) Burnham, Walter Dean (1930-) Burns, William J. (1956-) Election: 2010, Fellow Election: 1978, Fellow Election: 2015, Fellow Affiliation at election: Princeton Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Affiliation at election: Carnegie University Institute of Technology Endowment for International Peace Residence at election: Princeton, NJ Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Residence at election: Washington, DC Career description: Astrophysicist; Career description: Political scientist; Career description: Nonprofit Educator Educator organization executive; Government Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: University of Texas at official; Diplomat; U.S. Ambassador; Austin Deputy Secretary Burrows, Cynthia J. (1953-) of State Election: 2009, Fellow Burns, Arthur Frank (1904-1987) Current affiliation: Same Affiliation at election: University of Utah Election: 1955, Fellow Residence at election: Salt Lake City, UT Affiliation at election: Columbia Burnyeat, Myles Frederic (1939-) Career description: Chemist; Educator University; President’s Council of Election: 1992, FHM Current affiliation: Same Economic Advisers Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Washington, DC Cambridge Burrows, Millar (1889-1980) Career description: Economist; Educator; Residence at election: Cambridge, England Election: 1949, Fellow Government official Career description: Philosopher; Educator Affiliation at election: Yale University; Current affiliation: University of Oxford American Schools of Oriental Research Burns, James MacGregor (1918-2014) Residence at election: New Haven, CT Election: 1957, Fellow Burr, Francis Hardon (1914-2004) Career description: Theologian; Educator; Affiliation at election: Williams College Election: 1965, Fellow Academic administrator Residence at election: Williamstown, MA Affiliation at election: Ropes and Gray Career description: Political scientist; Residence at election: Boston, MA Burt, Ronald Stuart (1949-) Historian; Educator Career description: Lawyer Election: 1993, Fellow Affiliation at election: Columbia Burns, Ken (1953-) Burr, William Hubert (1851-1934) University Election: 2011, Fellow Election: 1914, Fellow Residence at election: New York, NY Affiliation at election: Florentine Films Affiliation at election: Columbia Career description: Sociologist; Educator Residence at election: Walpole, NH University Current affiliation: University of Chicago Career description: Documentary Residence at election: New York, NY Booth School of Business filmmaker Career description: Engineer; Educator Current affiliation: Same Burton, Alfred Edgar (1857-1935) Burridge, Keith W.T. (1950-) Election: 1902, Fellow Burns, Nancy (1964-) Election: 2016, Fellow Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Election: 2005, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of North Institute of Technology Affiliation at election: University of Carolina at Chapel Hill Residence at election: Boston, MA Michigan Residence at election: Chapel Hill, NC Career description: Topographical Residence at election: Ann Arbor, MI Career description: Cell biologist; engineer; Educator; Academic Career description: Political scientist; Educator administrator Educator Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Same Burwell, Charles Sidney (1893-1967) Burrill, Thomas Jonathan (1839-1916) Election: 1936, Fellow Burns, R. Nicholas (1956-) Election: 1915, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Election: 2012, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of School; Peter Bent Brigham Hospital Affiliation at election: Harvard Kennedy Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Residence at election: Brookline, MA School Residence at election: Urbana, IL Career description: Physician; Educator; Residence at election: Westport, MA Career description: Botanist; Educator; Academic administrator Career description: Diplomat; Nonprofit Academic administrator organization administrator; Academic research institution administrator; Educator Current affiliation: Same

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 85

Busch, Frederick Matthew (1941-2006) Bustamante, Carlos J. (1951-) Butler, Warren Lee (1925-1984) Election: 2001, Fellow Election: 2015, Fellow Election: 1978, Fellow Affiliation at election: Colgate University Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: University of Residence at election: Hamilton, NY California, Berkeley California, San Diego Career description: Writer (fiction writer); Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Residence at election: San Diego, CA Educator Career description: Biophysicist; Research Career description: Biophysicist; Educator; institution scientist; Educator Government research scientist Busemeyer, Jerome R. (1950-) Current affiliation: Same Election: 2017, Fellow Buttenwieser, Paul Arthur (1938-) Affiliation at election: Indiana University Buswell, Jr., Robert E. (1954-) Election: 2013, Fellow Residence at election: Bloomington, IN Election: 2016, Fellow Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Career description: Cognitive scientist; Affiliation at election: University of School; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Educator California, Los Angeles Center Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: Los Angeles, CA Residence at election: Belmont, MA Career description: Religion scholar; Career description: Psychiatrist; Writer Bush, Guy L. (1929-) Educator; Monk (novelist); Nonprofit organization Election: 2001, Fellow Current affiliation: Same founder and administrator; Educator Affiliation at election: Michigan State Current affiliation: Same University Butcher, Samuel Henry (1850-1910) Residence at election: East Lansing, MI Election: 1905, FHM Butterfield, Herbert (1900-1979) Career description: Evolutionary biologist; Affiliation at election: English Classical Election: 1967, FHM Educator Association Affiliation at election: University of Current affiliation: Same Residence at election: London, England Cambridge Career description: Classicist; Educator; Residence at election: Cambridge, England Bush, Ian Elcock (1928-1986) Learned society administrator Career description: Historian; Educator; Election: 1966, Fellow Academic administrator Affiliation at election: Worcester Butler, Allan Macy (1894-1986) Foundation for Experimental Biology Election: 1948, Fellow Butterfield, Lyman Henry (1909-1982) Residence at election: Shrewsbury, MA Affiliation at election: Harvard Medical Election: 1953, Fellow Career description: Psychiatrist; School; Massachusetts General Hospital Affiliation at election: Institute of Early Physiologist; Educator; Company Residence at election: Boston, MA American History and Culture executive Career description: Physician; Educator; Residence at election: Williamsburg, VA Hospital administrator Career description: Historian; Educator; Bush, John Nash Douglas (1896-1983) Editor Election: 1942, Fellow Butler, David Edgeworth (1924-) Affiliation at election: Harvard University Election: 1987, FHM Butterfield, Victor Lloyd (1904-1975) Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Election: 1950, Fellow Career description: Literary scholar; Residence at election: Oxford, England Affiliation at election: Wesleyan Educator Career description: Political scientist; University Academic administrator Residence at election: Middletown, CT Bush, Vannevar (1890-1974) Current affiliation: Same Career description: Academic Election: 1925, Fellow administrator Affiliation at election: Massachusetts Butler, Marilyn Speers (1937-2014) Institute of Technology Election: 1998, FHM Buttrick, George Arthur (1892-1980) Residence at election: Chelsea, MA Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Election: 1957, Fellow Career description: Engineer; Educator; Residence at election: Oxford, England Affiliation at election: Harvard University Government science administrator Career description: Language and literary Divinity School scholar; Educator; Academic Residence at election: Cambridge, MA Busse, Friedrich Hermann (1936-) administrator Career description: Clergy member; Election: 1988, FHM Theologian; Educator Affiliation at election: Universitat Butler, R. Paul (1964-) Bayreuth; University of California, Los Election: 2011, Fellow Butzer, Karl Wilhelm (1934-2016) Angeles Affiliation at election: Carnegie Institution Election: 1984, Fellow Residence at election: Bayreuth, Germany for Science Affiliation at election: University of Career description: Physicist; Educator Residence at election: Washington, DC Chicago Current affiliation: Universitat Bayreuth Career description: Astronomer; Residence at election: Chicago, IL Cosmologist; Educator Career description: Geographer; Historian Current affiliation: Same (environment); Educator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 86

Buxbaum, Richard M. (1930-) Byerly, William Elwood (1849-1935) Bynum, Caroline Walker (1941-) Election: 2001, Fellow Election: 1878, Fellow Election: 1993, Fellow Affiliation at election: University of Affiliation at election: Harvard University Affiliation at election: Columbia California, Berkeley Residence at election: Cambridge, MA University Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Mathematician; Residence at election: New York, NY Career description: Lawyer; Educator Educator Career description: Historian; Educator Current affiliation: Same Current affiliation: Institute for Advanced Byers, Brook H. (1945-) Study Byatt, Antonia Susan (1936-) Election: 2008, Fellow Election: 2014, FHM Affiliation at election: Kleiner Perkins Bywater, Ingram (1840-1914) Affiliation at election: London, England Caufield & Byers Election: 1894, FHM Residence at election: London, England Residence at election: Menlo Park, CA Affiliation at election: University of Oxford Career description: Writer (novelist, short Career description: Company executive Residence at election: Oxford, England story writer, poet, literary critic) Current affiliation: Same Career description: Language and literary Current affiliation: Same scholar; Educator Byers, Douglas Swain (1903-1978) Byerly, Perry (1897-1978) Election: 1964, Fellow Election: 1960, Fellow Affiliation at election: Robert S. Peabody Affiliation at election: University of Foundation for Archaeology California, Berkeley Residence at election: Andover, MA Residence at election: Berkeley, CA Career description: Anthropologist; Career description: Seismologist; Archaeologist; Foundation executive Educator; Research institution administrator

Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017 87