Felony Level Sex Offenses 2018

Crime in Supplemental Report

Prepared By: Christen L. Spears Division of Statewide Services Criminal Records & Identification Bureau Lisa Purinton, Bureau Chief

Table of Contents Program Overview ...... 3 2018 Statewide Summary ...... 4 Northern Alaska ...... 5 Western Alaska ...... 6 ...... 7 ...... 8 Anchorage Alaska...... 9 Specialized State Agencies ...... 10 Rate of Incidents ...... 11 Reported Victim Demographics ...... 12 Reported Suspect Demographics ...... 13 Population Comparison ...... 14 Reported Victim Suspect Racial Comparison ...... 15 Victims 0-10 Years Old ...... 16 Victims 11-17 Years Old ...... 17 Victims 18+ Years Old ...... 18 Reported Supplemental Data ...... 19 Reported Statutory Offenses ...... 20 Sexual Abuse of a Minor ...... 20 Child Pornography ...... 20 Prostitution & Sex Trafficking ...... 20 Sexual Assault ...... 20

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2018 FELONY LEVEL SEX OFFENSES Program Overview

The Department of Public Safety (DPS) is tasked with captured through the UCR program such as victim and collecting information on felony level sex offenses suspect demographic information, victim and suspect reported to state and local law enforcement agencies, relationship information, weapon type, and location of as defined by Alaska Statute (AS) 12.63.100, and as the assault. Noting this difference in data collection required by AS 12.62.130. This is a required reporting methodology, the most recent UCR figures reported in program for state and local law enforcement agencies the 2018 Crime in Alaska publication show a 10.7% and is in addition to the requirements for Uniform percent increase in rape offenses reported to law Crime Reporting (UCR). enforcement from 2017 to 2018. In 2009, the Alaska Senate Judiciary Committee The Felony Sex Offense (FSO) database is a repository tasked the legislature to fund a victimization survey to maintained by DPS for state and local law enforcement determine the rate of both reported and unreported agencies to record reports of felony level sex offenses sexual assaults in Alaska. The Alaska Victimization within their jurisdiction based on State of Alaska Survey (AVS) is conducted by the University of Alaska statutes. Data elements collected include victim and Anchorage Justice Center, with oversight by the Council suspect demographics, victim/suspect relationships, on Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault (CDVSA), a offense location, weapon type used, and the council within DPS. The survey is modeled after the associated statute violation. national survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Caution should be exercised in comparing data Control and Prevention. The AVS is comprised of a between Felony Sex Offense statistics, Uniform Crime telephone survey of adult women aged 18 and over; Reporting, and the Alaska Victimization Survey; they the UCR program and the FSO database collect all are separate data collection efforts with different offense and incident information reported to law methodologies in aggregating incidents, offenses, and enforcement. Noting this difference in data collection victims. methodology, the most recent AVS results from 2015 show a decline in intimate partner and sexual violence The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program is a since 2010. nationwide cooperative effort by federal, state, city, county and tribal law enforcement agencies to report It is important to note the incidents reported to the FSO data on crimes reported in their jurisdiction. The program were documented at the initial reporting stage national program is managed and maintained by the of the investigation by law enforcement. Agencies are Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Since June of instructed to report information when a felony level sex 1982, the Department of Public Safety (DPS) has offense becomes known to law enforcement. The FSO administered the UCR Program for the State of Alaska. database is not intended to track the life cycle of an The current UCR program data collection methodology incident—it is to provide insight into the volume and is focused on the number of times a person is type of sex offenses being reported to law victimized, while the FSO program focus is to collect enforcement. information about an incident. For example, a person Additionally, some data elements of a reportable sexually assaulted multiple times by a single offender incident are optional; not all incidents include location, would likely result in multiple rape offenses reported to weapon, relationship, or victim/suspect demographics. the UCR program, but the same situation would be A single incident may also involve multiple victims or reported in the FSO database as one incident with a offenders, as well as multiple statute violations. single victim and multiple statute violations reported. Additionally, the FSO database can capture data This is the fourth year that findings from this database elements for each reported sex offense not currently have been published.

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FELONY SEX OFFENSE FINDINGS 2018 Statewide Summary

1762 1542 1475 1352

Statewide 2015 2016 2017 2018 Total Incidents 1352 1542 1475 1762

Victims Reported¹1 6482 1181 1498 1850 Suspects Reported¹ 691² 1007 1455 1789

Quick Facts

> Reports of felony level sex offense incidents > Alaska Native females were reported to increased 19.5% in 2018 compared to 2017, have the highest victimization rate of any and the number of reported victims increased gender or racial group, comprising 43.7% of

23.5%. all reported victims.

> The region of Western Alaska reported the > The median age of female victims was 17, highest rate of felony level sex offense while the most common age was 15. incidents statewide, while Southeast Alaska > The median age of male victims was 12, reported the lowest rate. while the most common age was 4. > Over 55% of all reported victims were >In the reported relationships between the juveniles. victims and suspects, less than 7% identified > Victims under the age of 11 most often the suspect as a stranger. With victims under reported being assaulted by a parent. 11 years old, less than 2% of the relationships involved a stranger.

1 Not all reported incidents included victim demographics. Some incidents involve multiple victims and/or multiple suspects. 2 In 2015, the Anchorage Police Department reported only the number of incidents with the corresponding statute violation and did not include victim, suspect, location, relationship, or weapon data. 4

FELONY SEX OFFENSES BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA Northern Alaska 2018 Population (123,147) Includes: ° Borough

° Fairbanks North Star Borough ° North Slope Borough ° Southeast Fairbanks Census Area ° Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area

Reporting Agencies

° Alaska State Troopers D Detachment (servicing Utqiaġvik, Cantwell, Delta Junction, Fairbanks, Galena, Healy, Nenana, Northway, Tok) ° Fairbanks Airport Police Department ° Fairbanks Police Department ° North Pole Police Department 15 21 ° North Slope Borough Police Department ° University of Alaska Fairbanks Police Most Common Most Common Department Victim Age Suspect Age Rate Per 100,000 Population of Felony Level Sex Offenses: Nothern Alaska: Race of Victims 300.0 100 250.0 90 86

80 200.0

70 63 150.0 60 100.0 50 50.0 40

30 0.0 2015 2016 2017 2018 20 11 Statewide Northern Alaska 8 10 1 0 Asian Black Unknown White Alaska Race Native

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FELONY SEX OFFENSES BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA Western Alaska Population (74,245) Includes: ° Aleutians East Borough ° Aleutians West Census Area

° Bethel Census Area ° Bristol Bay Borough ° Dillingham Census Area ° Kodiak Island Borough ° Kusilvak Census Area ° Lake and Peninsula Borough ° Nome Census Area ° Northwest Arctic Borough

Reporting Agencies:

° Alaska State Troopers C Detachment 15 23 (servicing Aniak, Bethel, Dillingham, Emmonak, Iliamna, King Salmon, Kodiak, Most Common Most Common Kotzebue, McGrath, Nome, St. Mary’s, Victim Age Suspect Age Selawik, Unalakleet) ° Bethel Police Department ° Bristol Bay Borough Police Department

° Dillingham Police Department ° Kodiak Police Department ° Kotzebue Police Department Western Alaska: Race of Victims ° Nome Police Department 400 ° Unalaska Police Department 343 350 Rates Per 100,000 Population of Felony 300 Level Sex Offenses: 250 600.0 200 500.0 150 400.0 100 300.0 39 50 23 9 200.0 0 Asian White Unknown Alaska Native 100.0 Race 0.0 2015 2016 2017 2018 Western Alaska Statewide

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FELONY SEX OFFENSES BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA Southcentral Alaska Population (175,307) Includes: ° Borough ° Matanuska-Susitna Borough

° Valdez-Cordova Census Area

Reporting Agencies:

° Alaska State Troopers E Detachment

(servicing Anchor Point, Cooper Landing, Ninilchik, Seward, Soldotna) ° Alaska State Troopers B Detachment

(servicing Glennallen, Palmer, Mat-Su West) ° Cordova Police Department ° Homer Police Department ° Kenai Police Department 16 15 ° Palmer Police Department ° Seward Police Department Most Common Most Common ° Soldotna Police Department Victim Age Suspect Age ° Valdez Police Department ° Wasilla Police Department

Rates Per 100,000 Population of Felony Southcentral: Race of Victims Level Sex Offenses: 300.0 140 133 250.0 120 102 200.0 100 150.0 80 100.0 60 50.0 40 35 0.0 2015 2016 2017 2018 20 2 Statewide Southcentral Alaska 0 Black Alaska Native Unknown White Race

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FELONY SEX OFFENSES BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA Southeast Alaska Population (73,201) Includes: ° Haines Borough ° Hoonah-Angoon Census Area

° Juneau City and Borough ° Ketchikan Gateway Borough ° Petersburg Borough ° Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area ° Sitka City and Borough ° Skagway Municipality ° Wrangell City and Borough ° Yakutat City and Borough

Reporting Agencies:

° 15 30 Alaska State Troopers A Detachment (servicing Haines, Juneau, Klawock, Ketchikan, Petersburg) Most Common Most Common ° Craig Police Department Victim Age Suspect Age ° Haines Police Department

° Juneau Police Department ° Ketchikan Police Department ° Petersburg Police Department ° Sitka Police Department Southeast: Race of Victims ° Skagway Police Department ° Wrangell Police Department 45 39 40 Rates Per 100,000 Population of Felony 35 Level Sex Offenses: 29 30 300.0

25 250.0 20 200.0 15 10 150.0 10

5 100.0 1 0 50.0 Black Unknown Alaska Native White Race 0.0 2015 2016 2017 2018

Statewide Southeast Alaska

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FELONY SEX OFFENSES BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA Anchorage Alaska3 Population (291,538) Includes: ° Anchorage Municipality³

Reporting Agencies: ° Anchorage Airport Police & Fire Department ° Anchorage Police Department

° University of Alaska Anchorage Police Department

Rates Per 100,000 Population of Felony Level Sex Offenses:

15 15 350.0 Most Common Most Common 300.0 Victim Age Suspect Age 250.0 200.0 150.0 Anchorge Area: Race of Victims 100.0

400 377 50.0

350 0.0 300 288 2015 2016 2017 2018

250 Anchorage Bowl Statewide

200

150 90 100 58 42 50 0 Asian Black Unknown White Alaska Race Native

3 The population of Girdwood, Eagle River, and Chugiak is included in the total population of the Anchorage Municipality. The Girdwood area is serviced by Whittier Police Department who did not contribute to this data collection, while Eagle River and Chugiak are serviced by the Anchorage Police Department who contributed to the data collection. 9

FELONY SEX OFFENSES BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA Specialized State Agencies Specialized Agencies ° Alaska State Troopers, Alaska Bureau of Investigation ° Alaska Wildlife Troopers

These agencies provide service statewide and do not represent a specified population; therefore, a crime rate is not calculated for these agencies.

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Most Common Most Common Victim Age Suspect Age

Specialized Agencies: Race of Victims 35 29 30 25 25

20

15

10 5 5 1 1 0 Asian Black Alaska Unknown White Native Race

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VOLUME AND RATE OF FELONY SEX OFFENSES Rate of Incidents Rate of Incidents Per 100K Population

While agencies in the Western Alaska: 529.3 Anchorage area Anchorage Area: 287.1 reported the highest Southcentral Alaska: 144.3

volume of incidents Northern Alaska: 125.1 (48% of the state total), Southeast Alaska: 113.4 the Western Alaska region reported the highest rate of incidents based on population. Southeast Specialized Agencies 5% 2% Both the Anchorage area and Western Alaska have reported Northern rates higher than the 9% statewide rate.

Southeast Alaska Southcentral Number of Anchorage 14% reported the lowest rate Incidents 48% of any region statewide and reported the fewest Reported

number of incidents statewide (excluding the Specialized Western Agencies). 22%

Region Incidents 2018 2018 Population4 Rate per 100K Population Anchorage Area 837 291,538 287.1 Western Alaska 393 74,245 460.6 Southcentral Alaska 253 175,307 132.9 Northern Alaska 154 123,147 103.1 Southeast Alaska 83 73,201 110.7 Specialized Agencies 42 n/a5 Statewide Total 1762 737,438 224.6

4 From US Census Bureau, Cumulative Estimates of Resident Population Change and Rankings: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2018 5 These agencies provide service statewide and do not represent a specified population; therefore, a crime rate is not calculated for these agencies. 11

VICTIM INFORMATION6 Reported Victim Demographics Victim Race Female Male Unknown Sex The median age of female Alaska Native 808 67 0 victims statewide was 17 White 481 94 0 years old, while the most Race Unknown 234 41 2 common age was 15. Black 60 10 0 Asian 45 8 0 The median age of male victims statewide was 12 Victim Age Group Female Male Unknown Sex years old, while the most common age was 4. Age Unknown 19 6 2

Age 0-10 275 92 0 Age 11-17 569 72 0 Age 18+ 765 50 0

Age of Victims: Statewide Race of Victims: Statewide 1000 900 808 765 800 800 700 569 600 481 600 500 400 400 275 300 234 200 94 200 92 72 60 45 41 67 19 6 50 100 10 8 0 0 Age Unk Age 0-10 Age 11-17 Age 18+ Black Asian Race White Alaska Unknown Native Female Male Female Male

Distribution of Victims by Age and Sex Male 140 12% 120 100 80 Adults 44.7% Juveniles Female 60 55.2% 88.0% 40 20 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Females Males

6 Not all reported incidents included victim information, and some incidents involved multiple victims. Of the 1762 reported incidents, at least partial data for 1850 victims was provided. 12

SUSPECT INFORMATION7 Reported Suspect Demographics Suspect Race Female Male Unknown Sex The median age of all Alaska Native 24 625 0 suspects was 30 years old, White 25 481 2 while the most common age Race Unknown 15 364 24 was 15. Black 8 151 0 Asian 3 67 0 Alaska Native males comprised 35% of all Suspect Age Female Male Unknown Sex reported suspects; white Age Unknown 8 243 23 males comprised 27%, and Age 0-10 1 11 0 unknown suspects were Age 11-17 13 256 0 reported in 23% of incidents. Age 18+ 53 1178 3

Race of Suspects: Statewide Age of Suspects: Statewide 700 625 1400 1178 600 1200 481 500 1000 364 400 800 300 600 200 151 67 400 243 256 100 24 25 15 8 3 200 0 8 1 11 13 53 Alaska White Race Black Asian 0 Native Unknown Age Unknown Age 0-10 Age 11-17 Age 18+

Female Male Female Male

Distribution of Suspects by Age and Sex Female 80 4.2% Female 70 60 Male Juveniles 18.5% 50 40 Adults Male 30 81.5% 95.7% 20 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

7 Not all reported incidents included suspect information, and some incidents involved multiple suspects. Of the 1762 reported incidents, at least partial data for 1789 suspects was provided. 13

8 VICTIMS & SUSPECTS RELATED TO POPULATION Population Comparison Sex of Victims & Population Sex of Suspects & Population

100.0% 100% 4.2% 80.0% 47.7% 80% 47.7% 60.0% 88.0% 60% 95.7% 40.0% 40% 52.3% 52.3% 20.0% 20% 12.0% 0.0% 0% Population Victims Population Suspects

Male Female Male Female

Age of Victims & Population Age of Suspects & Population 100% 100% 80% 44.7% 80% 60% 74.8% 60% 74.8% 81.5% 40% 40% 55.2% 20% 20% 25.2% 25.2% 18.5% 0% 0% Population Victims Population Suspects

Juvenile Adult Juvenile Adult

Race of Victims & Population Race of Suspects & Population 100% 4.9% 4.5% 100% 4.9% 3.4% 11.5% 90% 10.0% 90% 10.0% 5.1% 80% 80% 19.6% 19.6% 70% 70% 55.6% 60% Black 60% 46.8% Black 50% Asian 50% Asian 40% Alaska Native 40% Alaska Native 72.8% 72.8% 30% White 30% White

20% 36.6% 20% 36.7% 10% 10% 0% 0% Population Victims Population Suspects

8 Population demographics from U.S. Census Bureau, 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. Percentages of race for population does not equal 100.0% to account for multi-race individuals. The Felon Sex Offense (FSO) guidelines advises reporting agencies to report a single race code per individual. 14

9 VICTIM/SUSPECT RACIAL RELATIONSHIPS Reported Victim Suspect Racial Comparison Asian Victims: Race of Suspect Alaska Native Victims: Race of Suspect 2%

8% 17% Asian 13% Asian Black Black 37% 14% Alaska Native Alaska Native 25% Unknown Race Unknown Race White 63% White 6% 15%

Black Victims: Race of Suspect White Victims: Race of Suspect 2%

8% 7% 19% Asian Asian Black 14% Black Alaska Native Alaska Native 40% Unknown Race 55% 25% 22% Unknown Race White White 8%

Asian Suspects: Race of Victims Alaska Native Suspects: Race of 20 18 17 Victims 15 12 600 497 10 400 5 5 2 200 71 3 5 39 0 0 Unknown Black White Asian Alaska Asian Black Unknown White Alaska Race Native Race Native

Black Suspects: Race of White Suspects: Race of Victims Victims 400 290 100 300 60 37 200 106 50 18 27 61 7 100 8 13 0 0 Asian Unknown Black White Alaska Asian Black Unknown Alaska White Race Native Race Native

9 Not all reported incidents included suspect or victim demographics, and some incidents included multiple suspects or victims. Of the 1762 reported incidents, at least partial data for 1850 victims and 1789 suspects was provided. 15

10 RELATIONSHIP OF VICTIM TO SUSPECTVictim was Otherwise Known: 32 Victims 0-10 Years Old

Victim was Child of Boy/Girlfriend: 15

Victim was Friend: 11

Victim was Neighbor: 5

39% Victim was Babysittee: 2 Victim was Known to Suspect: 104 Victim Was Child of Suspect: 51

Victim Was Other Family: 47

59% Victim was

Family Member Victim Was Sibling: 32 of Suspect: 159

Victim Was Stepsibling: 11

Victim Was Grandchild: 10

Victim Was Stepchild: 8

In relationships involving victims aged Stranger: 5 0-10, victims most often reported being assaulted by a parent.

10 Not all reported incidents included relationship data. The number of relationships will not equal the number of victims or incidents; with incidents in which multiple victims or suspects are involved, each victim-suspect pair is counted resulting in more relationships that victims or suspects. 16

RELATIONSHIP OF VICTIM TO SUSPECT11 Victims 11-17 Years Old

Victim Was Acquaintance: 135

62% Victim Was Friend: 55 Victim was Known to Suspect: 286 Victim Was Boyfriend/Girlfriend: 45

Victim Was Otherwise Known: 34

Victim Was Child of Boy/Girlfriend: 11 Victim Was Babysittee: 4 Victim Was Employee: 1 Victim Was Offender: 1 33% Victim was Victim Was Child: 49 Family Member of Suspect: 154 Victim Was Other Family: 48

In relationships involving victims Victim Was Sibling: 26

aged 11-17, victims 5% most often reported Stranger: 22 Victim Was Stepchild: 21 being assaulted by 5% Victim Was Grandchild: 9 an acquaintance. Victim Was Stepparent: 1

11 Not all reported incidents included relationship data. The number of relationships will not equal the number of victims or incidents; with incidents in which multiple victims or suspects are involved, each victim-suspect pair is counted resulting in more relationships that victims or suspects. 17

RELATIONSHIP OF VICTIM TO SUSPECT12 Victims 18+ Years Old

Victim Was Acquaintance: 181

75% Victim Was Friend: 72 Victim was Known to Suspect: 381 Victim Was Boyfriend/Girlfriend: 71

Victim Was Otherwise Known: 42

Victim Was Neighbor: 6

Victim Was Child of Boy/Girlfriend: 4 Victim Was Employee: 3 15% Victim Was Babysittee: 1 Victim was Family Member: 76

Victim Was Other Family: 27

Victim Was Spouse/Ex-Spouse: 22 In relationships involving victims over Victim Was Child: 9 18 years old, victims 10% Victim Was Sibling/Stepsibling: 7 most often reported Stranger: 53 being assaulted by an Victim Was Stepchild: 5

acquaintance. Victim Was In-Law: 5 Victim Was Grandchild: 1

12 Not all reported incidents included relationship data. The number of relationships will not equal the number of victims or incidents; with incidents in which multiple victims or suspects are involved, each victim-suspect pair is counted resulting in more relationships that victims or suspects. 18

LOCATIONS AND WEAPONS13 Reported Supplemental Data

75% of incident locations were 91% of incidents reported did reported as a residence/home not involve a weapon

Locations Weapons Residence/Home 926 None 1017 Hotel/Motel/Etc. 51 Personal Weapons 39

Highway/Road/Alley/Street/Sidewalk 42 Other 19 School/College 32 Asphyxiation 17 Knife/Cutting Instrument 10 Field/Woods 27 Tribal Lands 18 Drugs/Narcotics/Sleeping Pills 7 Park/Playground 17 Firearm 6 Parking/Drop Lot/Garage 15 Handgun 2 School–Elementary/Secondary 14 Motor Vehicle 2

Drug Store/Doctor’s Office/Hospital 13 Blunt Object 1 Camp/Campground 12 Other Firearm 1 Shotgun 1 Government/Public Building 9 Lake/Waterway/Beach 9

Church/Synagogue/Temple/Mosque 8 Daycare Facility 7 Abandoned/Condemned Structure 5

Commercial/Office Building 5 Jail/Prison/ Corrections Facility 5 Air/Bus/Train Terminal 4 Bar/Nightclub 3

Shelter–Mission/Homeless 3 Grocery/Supermarket 2 Amusement Park 1 Bank/Savings and Loan 1 Convenience Store 1 Rental Storage Facility 1 Restaurant 1

Shopping Mall 1 Specialty Store 1

13 Not all reported incidents included location and/or weapon data. Of the 1762 reported incidents, 1234 locations were provided and identified as other than “Other/Unknown; 1122 incidents listed weapons other than “Unknown.” Location definitions can be found in the FBI’s National Incident Based Reporting System User Manual. 19

STATE STATUTE VIOLATIONS14 Reported Statutory Offenses

Sexual Abuse of a Minor 34.0% Sexual abuse of a minor in the 1st degree 385 Sexual abuse of a minor in the 2nd degree 449 Sexual abuse of a minor in the 3rd degree 53

5.8% Other Statute Violations Online enticement of a minor 51 Incest 39 Distribute indecent material to minors 26 Indecent exposure in the first degree 19 Kidnapping 9 Unlawful exploitation of a minor 6

3.2% Child Pornography Distribution of child pornography 8 Possession of child pornography 75

0.2% Prostitution & Sex Trafficking Prostitution (soliciting or purchasing) 2 Sex trafficking in the first degree 4

56.8% Sexual Assault Sexual assault in the first degree 974 Sexual assault in the second degree 454

Sexual assault in the third degree 51

14 These are counts of potential statute violations reported; there is no direct relationship to victim counts, number of incidents/cases, or actual charges filed. 20

REFERENCES & FURTHER READING

° Alaska State Legislature, Statutory Definition of Felony Level Sex Offenses ° Alaska State Legislature, Statutory Requirement of Reporting Uniform Crime Information ° Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) ° Federal Bureau of Investigation, Crime in the United States 2018 ° Federal Bureau of Investigation, National Incident Based Reporting - The Structure of Family Violence: An Analysis of Selected Incidents ° Federal Bureau of Investigation, Sex Offenses Reported via National Incident Based Reporting System in 2013 ° Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reporting program’s rape definition ° State of Alaska Department of Public Safety, Crime in Alaska 2018: Uniform Crime Reporting Program Annual Report ° State of Alaska Department of Public Safety: Sex Offender/Child Kidnapper Registry ° U.S. Department of Justice: The Dru Sjodin National Sex Offender Public Website ° University of Alaska Anchorage Justice Center: Alaska Victimization Survey (AVS)

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