Talons Cusp in Primary Incisors: a Rarity

10.5005/jp-journals-10011-1302 DhanuCASE GaneshREPORT Rao et al Talons Cusp in Primary Incisors: A Rarity

Dhanu Ganesh Rao, Vijeev Vasudevan, Manjunath Venkatappa, Nagendran Jeyavelpandiyan

ABSTRACT any significant clinical problems, corrective treatment for Talon cusp is an uncommon anomaly in the primary dentition. the tooth was not instituted. Patient was advised for a The present report describes a case of bilateral talon cusps on periodic recall visit. the maxillary primary central incisors in a 1-year, 4-month-old Indian boy. Both central incisors exhibited a sharp prominent DISCUSSION accessory cusp on the palatal surface which extended from the cementoenamel junction to the incisal edge. There were no Talons cusp is more common in the permanent dentition associated developmental syndromes. (75%) than in the primary dentition, while 92% affect the 5,10 Keywords: Talon cusp, Primary incisors, Cingulum. maxillary teeth. The maxillary lateral incisor is the most frequently affected in the permanent dentition while the How to cite this article: Rao DG, Vasudevan V, Venkatappa M, Jeyavelpandiyan N. Talons Cusp in Primary Incisors: A Rarity. maxillary central incisor is the most affected in the primary 10 J Indian Aca Oral Med Radiol 2012;24(3):230-231. dentition. Most times it occurs unilaterally but bilateral cases, including multiple talon cusps have also been Source of support: Nil reported.5,11-14 Conflict of interest: None declared Hattab et al classified talon cusps as Type 1 talon, 5 INTRODUCTION Type 2 semi talon and Type 3 trace talon. This classification was later modified by Stephen-Ying et al.15-17 Talon cusp is a supernumerary structure projecting from the dentoenamel junction to a variable distance toward the Type 1, major talon: A morphologically well delineated incisal edge of an anterior incisor tooth. It was described additional cusp that prominently projects from the facial or by Mitchell in 1892.1 Due to its resemblance to an eagle’s palatal/lingual surface of an anterior tooth and extends at talon it is named as talon cusp by Mellor and Ripa.2 It is least half the distance from the cementoenamel junction to composed of enamel, dentine and a varying amount of pulp the incisal edge. 3,4 tissue. Type 2, minor talon: A morphologically well-defined addi- The exact etiology is not known, but it is suggested to tional cusp that projects from the facial or palatal/lingual 5-7 be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. surface of an anterior tooth and extends more than one- It is thought to arise during the morphodifferentiation stage fourth, but less than half the distance from the of tooth development, as a result of outfolding of the enamel cementoenamel junction to the incisal edge. organ or hyperproductivity of the dental lamina.5,8 It is also suggested that disturbances during morphodifferentiation, Type 3, trace talon: Enlarged or prominent cingula and their such as altered endocrine function might affect the shape variations, which occupy less than one-fourth the distance 15 and size of the tooth without impairing the function of from the cementoenamel junction to the incisal edge. ameloblasts and odontoblasts.9 Caries susceptibility, occlusal interferences, compromised esthetics are common problems associated CASE REPORT Parents of 16-month-old boy reported to our department with the complaint of extra teeth in upper anterior region. Clinical examination revealed enamel projections on palatal aspect of both the maxillary primary central incisors, which extended from the cingulum up to the incisal edge of the tooth (Fig. 1).The tooth appeared T-shaped when viewed incisally. The talon cusp merged smoothly with the lingual surface of the tooth. The deep developmental groove, which is normally seen at this junction, was not present. The margins of the talon cusp were smooth and did not cause any discomfort to the child. Caries was not detected and no functional or esthetic problems were present (Fig. 2). On the basis of its characteristic clinical appearance, a Fig. 1: Enamel projections on palatal aspect of both the diagnosis of talon cusp was made. As the tooth did not pose maxillary primary central incisors 230 JAYPEE JIAOMR

Talons Cusp in Primary Incisors: A Rarity

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