Frasers of Culbokie Alex Senior Alex #1

1705 William Fraser of Colbokie Born (1) Colin III, father of Colin IV of Knockfin born? (2)

(1) Source: FRASERS of CULBOKIE & GUISACHAN - Notes prepared by Marie Fraser, Clan Fraser Society of Canada, and Prof. Harry Duckworth, based in part on the History of the Frasers of Lovat, pp. 600-625 by Alexander Mackenzie (1838-98) published , 1896; and Some Fraser Pedigrees, pp. 1-10 by Duncan Warrand, published Inverness, 1934. It should be noted that Mackenzie is inaccurate with respect to the numbering of the various Lord Lovat (laird of Lovat vs Lord Lovat), and with respect to the succession of several cadet families of the Frasers of Lovat. (2) A conjecture based on what appears to be a false date for Colin IV the son of Colin III of Knockfin used in the Medlam Charts. It is not logical to place a birthdate for this Colin in 1705, but perhaps the origin of that date had the wrong Colin identified, and it infact belongs to Colin III rather than Colin IV of Knockfin.

1725-30 Simon Fraser born 1727 (1) Colin IV born 1725? (2) Brother of Colin IV born 1727? (3)

(1) Source: Duncan "Darby" Macdonell (2) Source: Marie Fraser, Clan Fraser (3) Source: "History of the Chisholms" Alexander MacKenzie, page 158, a conjecture. The next oldest children of Colin III of Knockfin are unknown. All we know is they "went abroad, where they died". Its possible one or more of these brothers were also part of the 1773 migration, but died before the end of the Revolutionary War. For the conveniece of this study I have named him Alexander, and fairly educated guess, as the typical Chisholm names in this family seem to be missing a John or an Alexander as sons of Colin III.

1745-60 Angus Fraser born 1760 (1) Alex Senior born Sept 20,1752 (2) Alex #1 born in 1748(3) (1st son of Simon Fraser) (2nd son if Colin IV) (1st Son?)

(1) Source: Duncan "Darby" MacDonell (2) Source: "History of the Chisholms" Alexander MacKenzie, page 161. He was the second son of Colin IV of Knockfin and became, accoring to MacKenzie Colin IV's "Heir Apparent" at the death of Colin IV's oldest son, Colin V at Cowpens in January 18-19 1781 (Source confirmed: Ed Brumby, historian of the 71st Fraser Highlanders) (3) Source: Shirley Sutherland.

1745 Duke of Cumberland burns down Guisachan House and the Chisholms help hide the Frasers. The Frasers are pardoned for their role in '45 and resume life in Guisachan in '47, but the Guisachan's begin a distinguished Military service for the Crown, starting with Simon Fraser of Lovat (1726-1782) of the Fraser Highlanders. Apparently in 1745 there was a militia known as the Glengarry Fencibles led by Col Angus Macdonell, the 19 year old second son of MacDonell of Glengarry. (1) The Knockfin Chisholms also join, notably to the 71st Fraser Highlanders. (2)

(1) Source: FRASERS of CULBOKIE & GUISACHAN - Notes prepared by Marie Fraser, Clan Fraser Society of Canada, and Prof. Harry Duckworth (2) Source: "History of the Chisholms" Alexander MacKenzie, page 161-2. The oldest son of Colin IV, Colin "V" of Knockfin (he never suceeded his father, so "V" is used only for reference) died in 1781 as noted above. Mackenzie was in error as to the location. Colin Vs half brother Archibald also died in the Revolutionary war. At the moment it is conjecture as to the participation of this Archibald in the 71st. The hisory of Donald "Og Chisholm written in 1803 in fact says Archibald went to America with his brother Alexander, and consistant with MacKenzie's account, was a volunteer in the War.In contrast to MacKezie's later work Donald "Og" 's account says Alexadner died in the war instead. The two accounts are almost word for word, which may mean Alexadner MacKenzie, with the help perhaps of Colin of Lietry looked at the final copy and noted that Alexander was the brother that survived. MAcKenzie goses on to speculate that an heir of Alexander, if living could inherit Knockfin. Obviously that could not be said of Archibald, as his older brother John succeeded Colin 4th. Archibald quite likely was also on the Pearl in 1773. Alexander and Archibald had one thing in common, they were both (through the marriages of Colin 4th of Knockfin) 2nd sons, who went abroad to seek their furtune. At the outbreak of the war in 1775 Archibald was only 10. Interestingly Alex#1's brother who came to the Bay of Quinte to live with his brothers was also in the 71st, reaching the rank of Sgt. (Source, The Old UEL List, confirmed by Ed Brumby Historian of the 71st. Apparently Archibald was discharged in Nova Scotia at war's end, but is found at the Bay of Quinte Provisioning lists in 1785 with Alex #1. the arrival of John #1 at the Bay of Quinte in the same year opens up the question John was also in the 71st. This needs research.)

1773 Simon Fraser and Donald Fraser (1) join Alex Senior and Alex#1 on the Pearl. (2) Simon Fraser dies in Albany, Donald Fraser and Alex Senior join the 84th, and Alex #1 becomes a provider of goods to the Army, gathering 1,000 pounds stirling in a syndicate amoung his fellow Pearl and Kingsborough friends and relations.

(1) Source: Duncan "Darby" MacDonell seems to disagree with Clan Fraser as to who this Donald Fraser is that boarded the Pearl. Duncan "Darby" MacDonell claims Donald was the brother of Simon Fraser, and was a UE Loyalist who served in the 84th, but Clan Fraser says that Donald, the brother of Simon Fraser was born in 1746, a week old when Cumberland’s army burned down Guisachan House. Lieutenant in the Austrian army, killed in battle in Germany, unmarried. There may be some confusion as Duncan "Darby" MacDonell seems to list two Duncan Frasers as the brother of Simon Fraser. One of the Duncans died in Germany and the other was in the 84th. (2) Source: Montgomery County Archives, New York. Duncan Fraser Papers; Simon Fraser confirmed by Marie fraser of Clan Fraser Society. There is no official passenger list of the Pearl found as yet. The Duncan Fraser Papers reveal Alexander Senior of Lancaster/Charlottenburgh and William Chisholm. Hazel Chisholm Mathews reveals George Chisholm, of the Parish of Croy was on board (Source: John and George Chisholm of the Parish of Croy, Inverness-shire, and their Descendants1961 by Hazel Chisholm Mathews, Ch. 1, pg 8)

1775-7 Simon Fraser born (1) Alex Senior Joins Johnsons Battalion Alex #1 joins Burgoyne (4th child of Simon Fraser) 1776 Wife and children taken prisoner(2) Injured, taken prisoner (3)

(1) Source:Duncan "Darby" MacDonell says Simon Fraser was born in 1727 in Guisachan and died in the Albany jail, confirmed by Clan Fraser. (2) The Petition of Alexander Senior in 1788 says " He came to Canada in 1777 & served all the War". Joined the 84th, found in: The Old UEL List Centennial of the Settlement of Upper Canada by the United Empire Loyalists 1784-1884 (Toronto: Rose Publishing Co., 1885). The official register of persons entitled to the appellation of United Empire Loyalists. Chisholm, Alexander Sr..... East District, Lancaster, R.R.N.Y. Muster Roll, P.L.N.J. 1786, page 154. The Clinton Papers show that the family of Alexander Chisholm was released to the British (wife and 4 children) " A Receipt for Women and Children Delivered Lt. McDonald of the British Novem'r, 1780. Names of the Scoch ,women who are to be sent to the Enemy: Alexander Chisolom wife and fore Do; Received the above Number of Famileys from Capt. Humphery, by me, Allan McDonell, Leut." (spellings are as they were found). (3) Petition of Alexander Chisholm, Montreal 1783.

1779-80 Simon Fraser dies in Albany jail. Wife and Children released to Montreal Alex #1 in St. Johns (1)

(1) Petitions of Alexander Chisholm

1780-3 Catherine Chisholm born in Montreal (1) Alex #1 in Montreal (2)

(1) Source: Haldimand Papers. Halidamand tracks the the porivsions given to the soldier's families before the end of the war. Alexander and his wife Mary are shown with their 4 childen in January of 1782 and with 5 children (girl) in March. The Gravestone of Catherine Chisholm confirms she was born Feb 16, 1782. (2) Source: Alexander Chisholm petitions show him in Montreal in 1783.

1783, July. The War was over. Anyone who wished to become a resident of the Indian territories about to be opened up by the Crawford Purchase had to explain that they could not go back to England between July 15, 1783 and March 25, 1784 , and they wished to stay in Canada. They had to apply to enter the Indian Lands (Crawford Purchace) by 1783. The negotiations for the purchase of Indian lands was conducted by Sir John Johnson. The Royal proclaimation of 1763 farbade white setters on the Indian Lands, so the entry into the Bay of Quinte and Glengarry was under the control of the Crown. (1)

(1) Petition of Alexander Chisholm estimating his personal Estate 2nd of March , 1786 contained the above qualifying language regarding his staying in Montreal during the above time frame. Lt Alexander Chisholm of The Royal Garrison Battalion Montreal who went home to England and then tried to enter Glengarry was unable to to do so until some time after 1797, apparently he missed this deadline. A lecture of Andrew Smith , University of Westen Ontario on November 4 2002: The Aftermath of Revolution: British North America, 1783-1796 explains the purchase of Indian lands, Johnson and the prohibition of white settlement after 1763 until Johnson negotiated with the Indians can be found in the following link: http://216.239.51.100/search?q=cache:2td8tsxJ2AYC:instruct.uwo.ca/history/231- 001/loyalistlecture.htm+glengarry+purchased+indian+lands+1783&hl=en&ie=UTF-8

All the UELs file their claims in Montreal of the land they lost in the Mohawk Valley and thier rank and discharge papers,

Late 1783 The first migration to Glengarry and the Bay of Quinte find their new homes.

What remained of Simon Fraser's family seemed to have stayed in Montreal, but Simon was later buried in Cornwall. (1)

(1)Source: FRASERS of CULBOKIE & GUISACHAN - Notes prepared by Marie Fraser, Clan Fraser Society of Canada, and Prof. Harry Duckworth

Some went back to the UK others stayed on.

Alex #1, an unmarried man, chose to go with Captain George Singleton of the 2nd Batallion to to the Bay of Quinte. Many of the 2nd Battalion went there, or to Nova Scotia but not Glengarry. It seems Alex #1's choice was made because he and Singleton were partners. Alex had expertise in boating, having run the Schooner "Peggy" in the last years of the war, and Singleton was a fur trader. Alex Senior chose Glengarry with the members of the 1st. Battalion. In 1785 Alex#1 was joined by his two brothers, John #1 (father of Alex #2) and Archibald #1 by the Bay of Quinte. Archibald #1 had served in the 71st, the Fraser Highlanders, no doubt influenced by the Guisachan Frasers. Alexander Senior's older brother Colin V of Knockfin and his half brother Archibald (probably) also joined the 71st, where they were killed in combat. Research needs to be made as to when they came to America to fight in the war.

Alexander Senior "chose" Glengarry, where members of the 1st Battalion of the 84th were supposed to go, and he seems to have influenced some fellow Chisholms who were in the 2nd Batallion to follow him, as members of the 2nd were not generally posted there. The location of Alexander Senior's lot was in the Catholic area. (1)

(1) Extended quote from the lecure by professor Smith: In 1783 and 1784, townships (which were legally seigneuries held by the Crown, since this was still part of Quebec) were surveyed along the upper St. Lawrence, the first survey beginning at the stone marker at the western boundary of the seigneury of Longueuil (at the present Ontario-Quebec provincial border). Separated from this seigneury by an interval of swampy land unsuitable for farming was Lancaster Township, settled by Catholic veterans of the Royal Emigrants and the Kings Royal Regiment of New York. These veterans were Scots Highlanders who had come to North America in 1773 to farm lands in New York owned by Sir William Johnson. Sir John Johnson generously constructed a mill to serve the settlers of Lancaster Township and a hamlet, Williamstown, grew up around it and was named after his father. Many of these Highlanders were of the clan Macdonell, and in the early nineteenth-century, large numbers of their kinsmen arrived from Glengarry in , reinforcing the use of Gaelic in the era, which became the county of Glengarry. Until the twentieth century, Gaelic was still be spoken in this county. The next township one passed travelling upriver, Charlottenburg, was settled by Scottish Presbyterians. The adjoining township of Cornwall contained the village of New Johnstown, named in honour of the seat of the former Tryon County. Mostly English-speaking settlers here Proceeding further upstream, one passed townships with names like Osnabruck, Williamsburg, Edwardsburg, Matilda, and Augusta. These communities containing many Germans who had fought in the recent war. At Oswegatchie (now Prescott) the influence of Edward Jessup, one of Sir William Johnsons old cronies, was dominant and most of the settlers here were veterans who had served under him. Jessups land speculation activities eventually lead him to lay out the plan of the town of Prescott. My point here is not that you should know these details. Instead, you should get two main things that the early settlers were segregated by ethnicity and religion and that the community as a whole was dominated by a few families, above all by the children of Sir William Johnson and his pre-war associates.

1801 Archibald #1 died (Alex #1 takes over estate - near the Way's home) (1)

(1) Notes of Shirley Sutherland. The land in Halowell, Prince Edward County is within a few miles of the the Way home in Northport (source: Way family Hisory), where Catherine Chisholm married Benjamin Way.

1803 Alex senior probably died. (1) Alex #1's son Alexander Simon (after Simon Fraser?) Chisholm moves to Glengarry (2). Catherine Chisholm meets Benjamin Way, perhaps living on the estate of Archibald #1.(see above) (1) Source: In Ontario People, by Crowder and Fitzgerald on pg 13 Re: The Eastern District there are two Alexander Chisholms (Alexander chisholm, Senior and Alexander Chisholm) "on the 6th day of April in the year 1796 at the Michaelmas General Quarter Sessions of the Peace, holden in and for Eastern District" (File 1 page 1) the other Alexander Chisholm was his son, Alexander Chisholm of Kenyon who was born about 1773 according to the Hadimand papers. In 1796 he was an adult of about 23 years of age.

1804 Catherine Chisholm marries Benjamin Way on the land near Archibald #1's estate.

1808 Alex #1 Died (1)

(1) Source: The 1808 will of Alexander #1

1815 Joseph Fraser Way was born, beginning a trend of Frasers as a middle name extending uniquely to the Ways and Chisholms of the Bay of Quinte, right down to Shirley's father Donald Fraser Chisholm. Note of Shirley Sutherland: "Re Fraser as a middle name: It's also my father's middle name (Donald Fraser Chisholm). Interestingly, I have recently discovered a wonderful letter written to my gg grandfather William Fraser Chisholm in 1883 by his older brother, Allan Taylor Chisholm. In the letter he calls him "Frazer" so I assume this is how he was known during his lifetime, at least to his family --a little tiny fact that I find fascinating and which gives me great pleasure. I'll attach my transcription of the letter now and I'll scan the letter at another time, if you would like to see it."

1820 Alexander D Chisholm, grandson of Alex Senior goes into the Lumber business with the help of Alex#2 at the property of Benjamin Way and Catherine Chisholm in Glen Ross. Joseph Fraser Way takes over the mill at the retirement of Alex D Chisholm. When Joseph Fraser Way retires, in the 1880s it goes to another man named Alexander Chisholm. The name of the place is known today as "Chisholms Rapids."

(1) Source: Petitions of Alexander D Chisholm, Notes of Shirley Sutherland.

1832 The Address to the Chisholm by the surviving Bay of Quinte family of the deceased Alex #1 from Knockfin, and Alexander #2 son of Alex #1's brother John, who long ago were the neighbors of the Frasers of Culbokie in Guisachan.

1834 Alex #2 died. (1)

(1) Source: Obit of Alexander #2

1859 Catherine Chisholm died (Gravestone, July 15)

1861 Archibald #2 Died. (Notes of Shirley Sutherland)

Using the Medlam charts as a guide the Knockfin Chisholm Family, staring with Colin III would thus become:

Descendants of Colin Chisholm(3)

1 Colin Chisholm(3) b: Abt. 1684 in Knockfin, Scotland . +Helen Grant b: in Glenmoristen, Scotland m: Abt. 1704 ...... 2 Colin "Cailean Og" Chisholm(4) b: Abt. 1725 in Knockfin, Scotland ...... +Miss Chisholm b: in Fasnakyle, Scotland ...... 3 John Chisholm(5) b: January 02, 1762 in Knockfin, Scotland d: January 26, 1810 ...... +Hannah Fraser b: in Achnaloich, Scotland ...... 4 Rev. Thomas Chisholm b: June 07, 1807 d: February 22, 1872 ...... 4 Alexander Chisholm b: November 19, 1808d: 1854 in Australia ...... *2nd Wife of John Chisholm(5): ...... +Jane Fraser b: August 11, 1766 in Culbokie, Scotland d: June 16, 1799 m: November 04, 1791 ...... 4 Colonel John Chisholm(6) b: August 16, 1793 ...... +Eliza Fraser b: in Eskadale, Scotland m: December 02, 1822 ...... 4 Lieut. William Chisholm b: September 11, 1794 d: January 01, 1818 in Corrygaum, Decan, India ...... 4 Colin Chisholm b: December 28, 1795d: 1877 ...... +Margaret MacDonald b: in Glenalladale, Scotland ...... 4 Major Archibald Chisholm b: February 15, 1798 ...... +Caroline Jones b: 1808 in Northamptonshire, England d: March 25, 1877 in London, England m: 1830 ...... 3 Archibald Chisholm b: 1765 ...... *2nd Wife of Colin "Cailean Og" Chisholm(4): ...... +Margaret MacKenzie b: in Ballone, Scotland m: 1749 ...... 3 Colin Chisholm b: 1750 d: January 17, 1781 ...... 3 Alexander Chisholm b: 1752 ...... +Mary ...... 4 Alexander Chisholm b: Bet. 1773 - 1776 ...... +Isabella ...... 4 Female Chisholm b: Bet. 1773 - 1776 ...... 4 John Chisholm b: December 1779 ...... 4 Mary Chisholm b: Bef. November 1780 ...... 4 Catherine Chisholm b: February 16, 1782 ...... 3 Helen Chisholm b: August 20, 1754 ...... +Duncan Grant b: in Glenmoriston, Scotland ...... 4 Rev. Colin P. Grant b: Abt. 1784 in Knockfin, Scotland d: March 31, 1839 in Antigonish, Antigonish County Burial: Lower South River, Antigonish County ...... 4 Catherine Grant b: in Glenmoriston, Scotland d: February 14, 1829 ...... +Donald "Mor" Chisholm b: Abt. 1762 in Strathglass, Scotland d: November 13, 1843 in Antigonish Harbour, Antigonish County ...... 4 Lieut. Peter Grant d: in Peraig, Lochalsh, Scotland ...... 4 Janet Grant b: in Glenmoriston, Scotland ...... +Alexander Chisholm b: in Muckerach, Scotland ...... 2 Alexander Chisholm b: 1727 ...... 3 Alexander Chisholm b: Abt. 1748 (Alex#1) ...... 3 John Chisholm b: Abt. 1749 (John#1) ...... 4 Alexander Chisholm b: 1770 (Alex#2, Lt Col Alexander Chisholm of the Hastings Militia)

...... +Elizabeth Gilbert ...... 4 Archibald Chisholm b: Bet. 1779 - 1780 d: 1861 ...... +Margaret Frederick m: Abt. 1790 ...... 3 Archibald Chisholm b: Abt. 1750 (Archibald#1) ...... 2 Valentine Chisholm b: 1729 in Inchully, Scotland d: 1822 ...... +Janet MacDonell b: in Mid-Crochell, Scotland ...... 3 Bishop John Chisholm b: February 1752 d: July 08, 1814 in Killchiaran, Lismore, Scotland Burial: Killchiaran, Lismore, Scotland ...... 3 Bishop Aeneas Chisholm d: July 31, 1818 in Killchiaran, Lismore, Scotland Burial: Killchiaran, Lismore, Scotland ...... 3 Helen "Ellie Donn Nean Ouelan" Chisholm ...... +Allan "Alain Mor Nan Oran" Chisholm b: in Glencannich, Strathglass, Scotland m: Abt. 1767 ...... 4 Captain Valentine Chisholm ...... +Anne MacRae b: in Ardintoul, Scotland ...... 4 Lieut. Aeneas Chisholm d: in Cape of Good Hope, South Africa ...... 4 John Chisholm d: in Mid-Crochell, Scotland ...... +Mary MacRae ...... 4 Alexander Chisholm b: 1794 in Strathglass, Scotland d: May 24, 1848 in 9 th Concession, Cornwall Township, Ontario ...... +Isabella MacRae b: 1799 in Scotland d: April 26, 1897 in St. Andrews, Stormont County, Ontario Burial: St. Andrews, Stormont County, Ontario m: March 13, 1823 in St. Raphaels Church, Glengarry County, Ontario ...... 4 Mary Chisholm ...... +John Forbes ...... 4 Anne Chisholm ...... +John "Mor" Chisholm b: in Balnahaun, Scotland ...... 4 Janet Chisholm ...... 4 Catherine Chisholm ...... 4 Helen Chisholm ...... 3 Mary Chisholm ...... +Alexander MacRae b: in Carrie, Glencannich, Scotland ...... 4 Rev. Philip MacRae b: 1780 in Carrie, Glencannich, Scotland d: 1842 Burial: Eskadale, Scotland ...... 4 Colin MacRae d: in Africa ...... 4 Angus MacRae d: in Africa ...... 4 Valentine MacRae b: in Carnach, Scotland ...... +Margaret MacDonell ...... 4 Mary MacRae b: in Glencannich, Scotland ...... +Alexander Chisholm b: in Kerrow, Scotland ...... 4 Janet MacRae ...... +William MacKenzie b: in Lietre, Scotland ...... 4 Isabella MacRae ...... +Finlay MacRae b: in Scardroy, Scotland ...... 4 Anne MacRae b: 1801 in at Ardblair, Scotland d: October 14, 1879 in Kiltarlity at Ardblair, Scotland ...... +Euan MacDonald b: 1794 in Kiltarlity at Ardblair, Scotland d: April 26, 1875 in Kiltarlity at Ardblair, Scotland m: May 01, 1818 ...... 3 [2] Jane Chisholm ...... +[1] John "Ian Mac Thomais" Fraser b: in Struy, Scotland ...... 4 [3] Bishop William Fraser b: 1779 in Craskie, Scotland d: October 04, 1851 in Antigonish, Antigonish County ...... 4 [4] Jean Fraser ...... +[5] Donald "Gobha" Chisholm b: in Balnahaun, Strathglass, Scotland d: 1810 in South River, Antigonish County ...... 4 [6] Alexander Fraser ...... 4 [7] Thomas Fraser ...... +[8] Catherine Chisholm b: in Invercannich, Scotland ...... 4 [9] Hugh Fraser ...... 4 [10] John Fraser ...... 4 [11] Angus Fraser ...... +[12] Ann MacRae ...... 4 [13] Colin Fraser ...... 4 [14] David Fraser ...... +[15] Ann Fraser d: July 30, 1862 ...... 4 [16] Miss Fraser ...... +[17] Alexander Chisholm b: Abt. 1798 in Scotland d: April 26, 1861 in Antigonish Harbour, Antigonish County ...... 2 Janet Chisholm b: Aft. 1729 ...... +Thomas "Tomas Mac Dhaibhidh" Fraser ...... 3 [1] John "Ian Mac Thomais" Fraser b: in Struy, Scotland ...... +[2] Jane Chisholm ...... 4 [3] Bishop William Fraser b: 1779 in Craskie, Scotland d: October 04, 1851 in Antigonish, Antigonish County ...... 4 [4] Jean Fraser ...... +[5] Donald "Gobha" Chisholm b: in Balnahaun, Strathglass, Scotland d: 1810 in South River, Antigonish County ...... 4 [6] Alexander Fraser ...... 4 [7] Thomas Fraser ...... +[8] Catherine Chisholm b: in Invercannich, Scotland ...... 4 [9] Hugh Fraser ...... 4 [10] John Fraser ...... 4 [11] Angus Fraser ...... +[12] Ann MacRae ...... 4 [13] Colin Fraser ...... 4 [14] David Fraser ...... +[15] Ann Fraser d: July 30, 1862 ...... 4 [16] Miss Fraser ...... +[17] Alexander Chisholm b: Abt. 1798 in Scotland d: April 26, 1861 in Antigonish Harbour, Antigonish County