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Περίληψη : Offspring of the Aristocratic Family of the Maurozomes IΔΡΥΜA ΜΕΙΖΟΝΟΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΜΟΥ Συγγραφή : Βουγιουκλάκη Πηνελόπη Μετάφραση : Νάκας Ιωάννης Για παραπομπή : Βουγιουκλάκη Πηνελόπη , "Manuel Maurozomes ", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Κωνσταντινούπολη URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=7802> Περίληψη : Offspring of the aristocratic family of the Maurozomes. During the reign of the Angeloi (1185-1204) he was a dignitary of the Byzantine court. He closely collaborated with the Seljuk sultan of Ikonion Kaykhusraw I (1192-1197, 1204/5-1211), with whom he was also a relative. After the conquest of Constantinople by the Crusaders (1204) Maurozomes attempted to establish an independent hegemony in the regions of Laodikeia and Chonai. He is also known as emir Komnenos. Άλλα Ονόματα Manuel (pseudo) Comnenos Maurozomes, emir (pseudo) Comnenos Τόπος και Χρόνος Γέννησης Second half of the 12th c. Τόπος και Χρόνος Θανάτου 1230 (?) Κύρια Ιδιότητα Ruler 1. Caesar Manuel Maurozomes Manuel Maurozomes, offspring of the Maurozomes aristocratic family, was a dignitary of the court (he probably beared the title of caesar). Shortly before 1204 he was related by marriage to the deposed Seljuk sultan of Ikonion Kaykhusraw I, with whom afterwards he collaborated closely.1 2. Ruler Manuel Maurozomes After the capture of Constantinople by the Latins (IV Crusade), Maurozomes attempted to establish an independent hegemony in the region of Phrygia. The same period, due to the alliance and family relationship with Kaykhusraw I, he went to Ikonion in order to help him regain his throne (1204/1205). Shortly after, Maurozomes, reinforced by groups of Turcoman nomads and Seljuk mercenaries of Kaykhusraw, raided the valley of Meander in order to strengthen his position as independent ruler of Phrygia. His action ceased towards the end of 1204, when his forces were scattered by the troops of the emperor of Nicaea, Theodore I Laskaris (1204/1208-1222), whereas Maurozomes flew away. 3. Emir Manuel (pseudo) Comnenos Maurozomes However, in February/March of 1206, in the context of a peace treaty signed between the emperor of Nicaea Theodoros I and the Seljuk sultan Kaykhusraw I,2 the regions of Laodikeia and Chonai were placed under the authority of Maurozomes, who would nevertheless be a vassal of the sultan. Maurozomes offered his services to the successors of Kaykhusraw too, Kaykaus I (1211- 1220) and Kaykobad I (1220-1237). During the period of his vassalage, he received the high title of the emir and the appellation Manuel (pseudo) Komnenos Maurozomes or emir (pseudo) Komnenos. He actively participated in the political and military events of the sultanate of Ikonion; he also took part in the invasion of the Seljuks in the Armenian kingdom of Cilicia (kingdom of Armenia Minor/Armenocilicia), whereas in 1220 he helped Kaykobad I to stabilize his authority after the death of his brother Kaykaus I. He most probably died in 1230. Δημιουργήθηκε στις 23/9/2021 Σελίδα 1/3 IΔΡΥΜA ΜΕΙΖΟΝΟΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΜΟΥ Συγγραφή : Βουγιουκλάκη Πηνελόπη Μετάφραση : Νάκας Ιωάννης Για παραπομπή : Βουγιουκλάκη Πηνελόπη , "Manuel Maurozomes ", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Κωνσταντινούπολη URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=7802> 1. Manuel Maurozomes married in Constantinople his daughter to the deposed Seljuk sultan of Ikonion, Kaykhusraw I (1192-1197, 1204/5- 1211). Α. Savvides argues that the marriage did not take place in Constantinople but in Phrygia. See Σαββίδης, Α., Βυζαντινά στασιαστικά και αυτονομιστικά κινήματα στα Δωδεκάνησα και τη Μικρά Ασία, 1189-1240 μ.Χ.: Συμβολή στη μελέτη της υστεροβυζαντινής προσωπογραφίας και τοπογραφίας την εποχή των Αγγέλων, των Λασκαρίδων της Νίκαιας και των Μεγαλοκομνηνών του Πόντου (Αθήνα 1987), pp. 232-233, n. 14. 2. Theodoros I Laskaris was forced to come into reconciliation with the sultan of Ikonion, in order to prevent the threat of a possible attack, given that he had to face the Latin raiders in the same time. See Σαββίδης, Α., Βυζαντινά στασιαστικά και αυτονομιστικά κινήματα στα Δωδεκάνησα και τη Μικρά Ασία, 1189-1240 μ.Χ.: Συμβολή στη μελέτη της υστεροβυζαντινής προσωπογραφίας και τοπογραφίας την εποχή των Αγγέλων, των Λασκαρίδων της Νίκαιας και των Μεγαλοκομνηνών του Πόντου (Αθήνα 1987), p. 235. Βιβλιογραφία : Angold M., A Byzantine Government in Exile. Government and Society under the Lascarids of Nicaea (1204-1261), Oxford 1975 Σαββίδης Α., Βυζαντινά στασιαστικά και αυτονομιστικά κινήματα στα Δωδεκάνησα και στη Μικρά Ασία, 1189-c. 1240 μ.Χ. Συμβολή στη μελέτη της υστεροβυζαντινής προσωπογραφίας και τοπογραφίας την εποχή των Αγγέλων, των Λασκαρίδων της Νίκαιας και των Μεγαλοκομνηνών του Πόντου, Αθήνα 1987 Cahen C., Pre-ottoman Turkey. A general survey of the material and spiritual culture and history c. 1071-1330, London 1968 Langdon J.S., Byzantium's last imperial offensive in Asia Minor. The Documentary Evidence for and Hagiographical Lore about John III Ducas Vatatzes' Crusade against the Turks, 1222 or 1225 to 1231, New York 1992, Number Hellenism: Ancient, Mediaeval, Modern, 7 Βρυώνης Σ., Η παρακμή του μεσαιωνικού ελληνισμού στη Μικρά Ασία και η διαδικασία του εξισλαμισμού, ΜΙΕΤ, Αθήνα 1996, Γαλαταριώτου, Κ. (μτφρ.) Cheynet J.-C., Pouvoir et contestations à Byzance (963-1210), Paris 1990, Byzantina Sorbonensia 9 Kazhdan A., "Maurozomes", Kazhdan, A. (ed.), The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium 2, New York 1991, 1319-1320 Γλωσσάριo : caesar In the Roman Empire the title of Caesar was given to the Emperor. From the reign of Diocletian (284-305) on this title was conferred on the young co- emperor. This was also the highest title on the hierarchy of the Byzantine court. In the 8th c. the title of Caesar was usually given to the successor of the throne. In the late 11th c. this office was downgraded and from the 14th c. on it was mainly conferred on foreign princes. emir (from Arabic amir) Emir meaning "commander" or "general", later also "prince". Also a high title of nobility or office in some Turkic historical states. Πηγές “Ibn (al-) Bibi, al Munadjima, Seljuk-name”, in Duda, W.H. (ed.), Die Seltschukengeschichte des Ibn Bibi (Kopenhävn 1959) [Period: c. 1190 - c. 1280, German translation based on the epitome of the Persian prototype and on the subsequent Turkish paraphrase]. Δημιουργήθηκε στις 23/9/2021 Σελίδα 2/3 IΔΡΥΜA ΜΕΙΖΟΝΟΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΜΟΥ Συγγραφή : Βουγιουκλάκη Πηνελόπη Μετάφραση : Νάκας Ιωάννης Για παραπομπή : Βουγιουκλάκη Πηνελόπη , "Manuel Maurozomes ", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Κωνσταντινούπολη URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=7802> Νικήτας Χωνιάτης, Bekker, I. (ed.), Nicetae Choniatae, Historia (Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae , Bonnae 1835). Χρονολόγιο Second half of the 12th c.: Birth of Manuel Maurozomes Between 1185 and 1204: Manuel Maurozomes dignitary of the Byzantine court (caesar) Before 1204: Maurozomes related by marriage with the sultan of Ikonion Kaykhusraw I After 1204: Establishment of an independent hegemony in the region of Phrygia 1204-1205: Travel to Ikonion to assist Kaykhusraw I to regain his throne 1205: Raids of Manuel Maurozomes’ troops in the valley of the Meander 1205/6: Defeat of the ruler Manuel Maurozomes by the troops of the emperor of Nicaea Theodoros I Laskaris February / March 1206: Peace treaty between the emperor Theodoros I and Kaykhusraw I. The regions of Laodikeia and Chonai are ceded to the ruler Manuel Maurozomes by Theodoros I Laskaris. Maurozomes is from now on vassal of the Seljuks of Ikonion Between 1205-1211: Bestowal of the title of the emir and also of the appellation Manuel (pseudo) Komnenos Maurozomes or emir (pseudo) Komnenos 1215: Participation of the emir Manuel (pseudo) Comnenos Maurozomes in the campaign of the Seljuks of Ikonion against Armenia Minor 1220: Emir (pseudo) Comnenos assists Kaykobad I to stabilize his power in Ikonion 1230 (?): Death of Manuel Maurozomes Δημιουργήθηκε στις 23/9/2021 Σελίδα 3/3.
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