DOCSLIB.ORG

Twelfth Session, Commencing at 11.30 a Philip II, (A.D

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Twelfth Session, Commencing at 11.30 a Philip II, (A.D 3489 Twelfth Session, Commencing at 11.30 a Philip II, (A.D. 244-249), silver antoninianius, Rome mint, (4.27 grams), issued 247, obv. radiate draped and cuirassed bust to right, around IMP PHILIPPVS AVG, rev. Philip I holding short sceptre and Philip II seated left on curule chairs, around LIBERALITAS AVGG III, (S.9265, RIC 230, RSC ROMAN IMPERIAL 17); Volusian, (A.D. 251-253), silver antoninianius, Antioch mint, (3.58 grams), issued 252, obv. radiate bust draped to right, around IMP C C VIB VOLVSIANVS AVG, rev. Felicitas standing left, holding caduceus and cornucopiae, around FELICITAS PVBL, (S.9746, RIC 205, RSC 32). Good very fine - extremely fine. (2) $120 3490* 3486* Trajan Decius, (A.D. 249-251), silver antoninianus, issued Philip I, (A.D. 244-249), silver antoninianius, Rome mint, 250-1, Rome mint, (3.920 grams), obv. radiate bust to issued 245-7, (4.582 grams), obv. radiate bust to right, right, IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG, rev. the two around IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, rev. Roma seated Pannoniae standing side by side, each holding standard, to left holding Victory and sceptre, around ROMAE PANNONIAE around, (S.9378, RIC 21b, RSC 86). AETERNAE, (S.8952, RIC 44b, RSC 169); another silver Bright, about as struck nearly uncirculated and rare in this antoninianius, Rome mint, issued 248, (4.396 grams), obv. condition. radiate bust to right, around IMP PHILIPPVS AVG, rev. Mars $100 standing to left, holding olive branch and resting on shield A left field, around P M TR P V COS III P P, (S.8949, RIC 7, RSC 145). Second bright, first with light tone, otherwise extremely fine. (2) $150 3491* Trajan Decius, (A.D. 249-251), silver antoninianus, Rome mint, issued 250-1, (3.870 grams), obv. radiate draped bust to right, around IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG, rev. Uberitas standing left with purse and cornucopiae, around VBERITAS AVG, (S.9384, RIC 28b, RSC 105). Nearly extremely fine/very fine, bright. 3487* $80 Philip I, (A.D. 244-249), AE sestertius, Rome mint, issued 248, (21.11 grams), obv. laureate bust to right, around IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, rev. Emperor Philip on horseback to left, raising right hand, around ADVENTVS AVGG, S C in exergue, (S.2588, RIC 165, C.6). Even brown patina, good very fine and scarce. $220 3492* Trajan Decius, (A.D. 249-251), silver antoninianus, Rome mint, issued 250, (3.740 grams), obv. radiate draped bust to right, around IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG, rev. Victory advancing to left with wreath, around VICTORIA 3488* AVG, (S.9387, RIC 29c, RSC 113a). Extremely fine, bright Philip II, (A.D. 244-247), as Caesar, silver antoninianius, and scarce. Rome mint, issued 245-6, (4.248 grams), obv. radiate $100 bust to right, around M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES, rev. Spes advancing to left, holding flower and lifting skirt, around SPES PVBLICA, (S.9245, RIC 221, RSC 84). Bright, extremely fine. $80 293 3497 Gallienus, (A.D. 253-268), AE antoninianii, various reverses; (2.02 grams), issued 267-8, Centaur to l., H in exergue, (S.10178, RIC 164); (3.56 grams), issued 264-5, Pax standing l., V in l. field, (S.10302, RIC 255); (2.12 grams), issued 261-2, Mars standing l., P in r. field, (S.10401, RIC 317); (1.85 grams), Fides standing l., (cf.S.10214, RIC 571); (3.96 grams) Jupiter standing l., (cf.S.10248, RIC 644); Salonina, 3493* wife of Gallienus, who died A.D. 268, billon antoninianus, Trajan Decius, (A.D. 249-251), AE as, issued 250, Rome issued 265, Antioch mint, (3.87 grams), obv. diademed veiled mint, (11.33 grams), obv. laureate draped bust to right, IMP and draped bust of Salonina to right on crescent, around C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS A]VG, rev. Liberalitas standing SALONINA AVG, rev. Salus standing to r., around SALVS to left, holding abacus and cornucopiae, LIBERALITAS AVG AVG, (S.10652, RIC 88, RSC 105). Even dark brown patina, around, S C across, (S.9428, RIC 120a, C.71). Dark green fine - good very fine, with collector tickets. (6) patina, good very fine and very scarce in this condition. $100 $150 3494* Herennia Etruscilla, (wife of Trajan Decius), (A.D. 249-251), 3498* silver antoninianus, Rome mint, issued 251, (3.544 grams), Severina, (wife of Aurelian), (A.D. 270-275), AE as, obv. diademed draped bust to right on crescent, around HER Rome mint, (7.01 grams), obv. diademed bust to right of ETRVSCILLA AVG, rev. Juno standing to left holding patera Severina, around, SEVERINA AVG, rev. IVNO REGINA, and sceptre, around IVNO REGINA, (S.9493, RIC 57, RSC Juno standing to left, holding patera and sceptre, at foot a 14). Extremely fine, bright and scarce. peacock, in exergue S, (S.11711, RIC 7, C.9). Dark green $150 patina, fine/nearly very fine and rare. $100 3495* Herennia Etruscilla, (wife of Trajan Decius), (A.D. 249-251), silver antoninianus, Rome mint, issued 250, (3.716 grams), obv. diademed draped bust to right on crescent, around HER ETRVSCILLA AVG, rev. Pudicitia seated to left drawing veil from face holding transverse sceptre, around PVDICITIA AVG, (S.9495, RIC 59b, RSC 19). Extremely fine or better, bright and scarce. $150 3499* Probus, (A.D. 276-282), base antoninianii, Antioch mint issued 280-1, (4.184, 4.240 grams), obv. radiate draped and cuirassed bust to right of Probus, around IMP C M AVR PROBVS P F AVG, rev. Probus in military attire holding sceptre and receiving globe from Jupiter standing left holding sceptre, around, CLEMENTIA TEMP, Δ and another Z below, in exergue XXI, (S.11961, RIC 922, C.99). 3496* Both with about complete silvering as issued, extremely fine Gallienus, (A.D. 253-268), billon antoninianus, (3.544 - uncirculated. (2) grams), Rome mint, issued 253-5, obv. radiate bust to $150 left around IMP C P LIC GALLIENVS AVG, rev. IOVI CONSERVA, Jupiter with thunderbolt, eagle at feet, (S.10237, RIC 143, RSC 351). Attractive dark brown tone, flan crack, otherwise extremely fine. $100 294 3500 Probus, (A.D. 276-282), base antoninianii, Siscia mint, (4.61 grams), issued 280-1, obv. radiate draped bust to right of Probus, around IMP C M AVR PROBVS P F AVG, rev. Emperor to right receiving globe from Jupiter, around, CLEMENTIA TEMP, Z between, in exergue XXI, (cf. S.11960, RIC 643); similar (3.68 grams, obv. IMP C M AVR PROBVS AVG, rev. similar Z between (cf.S.11960, RIC 644); similar issued 280, (3.41 grams), obv. similar cuirassed bust right, IMP PROBVS P F AVG around, rev. PAX AVGVSTI, Pax standing left, holding branch and sceptre, Q to right, XXI in exergue, (S.12001, RIC 713); similar (5.18 grams), issued 280, obv. around IMP C PROBVS P F AVG, rev. as before, 3503* (cf.S.12021, RIC 706); another (2.54 grams), obv. similar, Numerian, (A.D. 283-284), billon antoninianus, issued rev. female standing right presenting wreath to emperor, 284, Antioch mint, (3.01 grams), obv. similar around IMP around RESTITVT ORBIS, Z between, in exergue XXI, (cf. C M AVR NVMERIANVS P F AVG, rev. VIRTVS AVGG, S.12021, RIC 731); similar (2.85 grams), Antioch mint, rev. Numerian receiving Victory on globe from Jupiter, S below, CLEMENTIA TEMP, (RIC 922). Very fine or better, two XXI in exergue, another (4.35 grams), similar with H below, with original silvering. (6) (S.12256, RIC 466, C.108). Full silvering, about extremely $100 fine and scarce. (2) $180 3501 Probus, (A.D. 276-282), base antoninianii, Siscia mint, (4.22 3504 grams), issued 278, obv. IMP C M AVR PROBVS P AVG, Numerian, (A.D. 283-284), billon antoninianii, Cyzicus helmeted cuirassed bust left, with shield and spear over mint, issued 284 (3.72 grams), obv. radiate bust of Numerian shoulder, rev. VIRTVS PROBI AVG, Mars waliking right, to right cuirassed, around IMP C NVMERIANVS P F AVG, XXIVI in exergue, (S.12071, RIC 816); another Antioch rev. around CLEMENTIA TEMP, Numerian receiving mint (3.43 grams), issued 280-1, obv. radiate draped bust Victory from Jupiter or Carus, E between them, XXI in to right of Probus, around IMP C M AVR PROBVS P F exergue, (S.12243, RIC 463, C.8) another issued 284, AVG, rev. Emperor to right receiving globe from Jupiter, Antioch mint, (4.86 grams), obv. similar around IMP C around, CLEMENTIA TEMP, A between, in exergue VXXI, M AVR NVMERIANVS P F AVG, rev. VIRTVS AVGG, (cf.S.11960, RIC 920); similar (3.83 grams, obv. IMP C M Numerian receiving Victory on globe from Jupiter, Z below, AVR PROBVS AVG, rev. similar Δ between (S.11960, RIC XXI in exergue, (S.12256, RIC 466, C.108). Very fine or 921); similar (4.24 grams), obv. similar with additional P better and scarce. (2) F, rev. similar ΕΔ between, with Jupiter presenting Victory, $120 (S.11961, RIC 922); similar (3.74 grams), issued 280-1, obv. around RESTITVT ORBIS, emperor receiving wreath 3505 from female, (S.12021, RIC 925); another Tripolis mint, Carausius, (A.D. 287-293), billon antoninianii, various (3.81 grams), obv. similar, rev. CLEMENTIA TEMP around, mints, obv. radiate cuirassed bust of Carausius to right, Emperor and Jupiter, * between, XXI in exergue, (cf.S.11960, around legend, rev. various reverses, mostly Pax type, (8); RIC 927); another (3.63 grams) obv. no P F, rev. similar Allectus, (A.D. 293-296). AE quinarius, (cf.S.3568, 3579, with crescent between in exergue KA, (RIC 928). Very fine 3590).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Islamic Geometric Patterns Jay Bonner
    Islamic Geometric Patterns Jay Bonner Islamic Geometric Patterns Their Historical Development and Traditional Methods of Construction with a chapter on the use of computer algorithms to generate Islamic geometric patterns by Craig Kaplan Jay Bonner Bonner Design Consultancy Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA With contributions by Craig Kaplan University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario, Canada ISBN 978-1-4419-0216-0 ISBN 978-1-4419-0217-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0217-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017936979 # Jay Bonner 2017 Chapter 4 is published with kind permission of # Craig Kaplan 2017. All Rights Reserved. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.
    [Show full text]
  • States Systems and Universal Empires - David Wilkinson
    WORLD SYSTEM HISTORY – States Systems and Universal Empires - David Wilkinson STATES SYSTEMS AND UNIVERSAL EMPIRES David Wilkinson Department of Political Science, UCLA, USA Keywords: World system, civilization, states system, universal empire, world state. Contents 1. Civilizations and World Systems 2. The Character of States Systems. 2.1. Conditions Favorable to States Systems 2.2. Conditions Favored by States Systems 3. The Character of Universal Empires. 4. The Pathology and Survival of States Systems 5. The Pathology and Survival of Universal Empires. 6. Why is there no Universal Empire Today? Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary "Civilizations" and "world systems" are alternative labels for the largest macropolitical entities that have existed in human history. These historical civilizations/world systems may be seen as having two polar types of power structure, the "states system" and the "universal empire." Each form has certain characteristic accompaniments, which may promote it, be promoted by it, or both. For states systems, these are diversity, creativity, self-government and war. For universal empires, they are homogeneity, peace, repression. Universal empires tend to be late and short-lived formations, but also tend to recur. Each power structure also has its specific pathologies, which tend toward its transformation. States systems produce a great power oligarchy, out of which from time to time emerges a dominant power, which (again from time to time) establishes a universal empire. Universal empires, though
    [Show full text]
  • A Sacred Celestial Motif: an Introduction to Winged Angels Iconography in Iran
    PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences ISSN 2454-5899 Mazloumi & Nasrollahzadeh, 2017 Volume 3 Issue 2, pp. 682 - 699 Date of Publication: 16th September, 2017 DOI-https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2017.32.682699 This paper can be cited as: Mazloumi, Y., & Nasrollahzadeh, C. (2017). A Sacred Celestial Motif: An Introduction to Winged Angels Iconography in Iran. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences, 3(2), 682-699. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA. A SACRED CELESTIAL MOTIF: AN INTRODUCTION TO WINGED ANGELS ICONOGRAPHY IN IRAN Yasaman Nabati Mazloumi M.A in Iranian Studies, Shahid Beheshti University, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Street, Tehran, Iran [email protected] Cyrus Nasrollahzadeh Associate Professor, Department of Ancient Iranian Culture and Languages, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, 64th Street, Kurdestan Expressway, Tehran, Iran [email protected] Abstract Through history many motifs have been created and over the centuries, some of them turned into very well-known symbols. One of these motifs is winged angel. This sacred and divine creature which appears in human-shaped, serves intermediaries between the God and people, and during history, indicates legitimating and bestows God-given glory. This article aims to present the results of exploring the historical background of the winged angels in Iran, in order to understand its precise concept; where it comes from and what it resembles.
    [Show full text]
  • Blessing-Mahperi-Belleten.Pdf
    WOMEN PATRONS IN MEDIEVAL ANATOLIA AND A DISCUSSION OF MĀHBARĪ KHĀTŪN’S MOSQUE COMPLEX IN KAYSERI PATRICIA BLESSING* At the center of Kayseri, facing the well-preserved citadel stands a large architectural complex, consisting of a mosque, madrasa, mauso- leum, and the ruins of a double bathhouse [See figure 1]. The building, known locally as the Hunad Hatun or Huand Hatun Complex, was built in the second quarter of the thirteenth century. Inscriptions on both por- tals of the mosque date to 1237-38, while the other parts of the complex remain undated. At the time of construction, the patron of the complex, Māhbarī Khātūn, was the mother of the ruling Sultan Ghiyāth al-Dīn Kaykhusraw II (R 1237-46) and of the widows of the Sultan ‘Alā’ al-Dīn Kayqubād (R 1219-37).1 With her intervention in Kayseri and the con- struction of two caravanserais near Tokat and Yozgat, Māhbarī Khātūn is one of the most prolific female patrons in medieval Anatolia, and the one who is best documented inmonumental inscriptions, although not in much detail in other written sources of the period, such as chronicles and hagiographies. * Dr., Stanford Humanities Center, Stanford University, 424 Santa Teresa Street, Stan- ford, CA 94305, USA; [email protected]. 1 In modern Turkish, the name is more commonly spelled as Mahperi Hatun. Huand Hatun appears as a Turkish adaptation of the titles Khwand Khātūn. Another wife of the Sultan ‘Alā’ al-Dīn Kayqubād was Iṣmat al-Dunyā wa’l-Dīn al-Malika al-‘Ādila, a daughter of the Ayyubid ruler of Syria, al-Malik al-Ashraf Abū Bakr b.
    [Show full text]
  • About a Type of Islamic Incense Burner 29
    ABOUT A TYPE OF ISLAMIC INCENSE BURNER MEHMET AGA-OGLU NCENSE burners were no novel vessels produced to usheredinto a chamberand served a meal, after which the meet the specific needs of Islamic social life. The ori- incense burnerswere brought so that the guests could per- gin of thurification with various aromatic substances fume themselves before entering the caliph's presence.5 for magical, religious, or social occasions,and the devising The amount of aromatic substances,particularly aloes and of special vessels for the purpose,go far back to the histori- certain varieties of sandalwoods, used for thurification in cal beginnings of the Near Eastern peoples.1 Islam, al- the households of caliphs and dignitaries, must have been though in principle opposed to luxurious ways of life, did enormous. We are informed by al-Tabari, for example, not prevent the use of incense and perfumes. The popu- that Amr ibn al-Laith, the founder of the Saffarid dynasty larity of perfumes during the first centuries is best illus- of Eastern Iran, sent to Caliphal-Mu'tamid in the year 268 trated by the lengthy legistic opinions expressed in the (881/82) 200 minas of aloes wood which he had confis- Hadith literature,2and, among others, by a chapter in the cated from a grandson of Abu Dulaf.6 Among the proper- manual for elegant manners "of a man of polite education," ties left after his death in 301 (913), by Abu'l-Husayn written by Abu'l-Tayyib Muhammad ibn Ishaq al-Wash- Ali ibn Ahmad al-Rasibi, the 'Abbasid governor of Khu- sha.' zistan and neighboring territories,were great numbers of Historicalsources are extremely generous with accounts gold and silver vessels, perfumes, and other valuables, as on the subject.' A few examples can be cited here, and well as 4,420 mithkals of aloes wood for thurification.7 others will be presentedelsewhere.
    [Show full text]
  • The Politics of Parthian Coinage in Media
    The Politics of Parthian Coinage in Media Author(s): Farhang Khademi Nadooshan, Seyed Sadrudin Moosavi, Frouzandeh Jafarzadeh Pour Reviewed work(s): Source: Near Eastern Archaeology, Vol. 68, No. 3, Archaeology in Iran (Sep., 2005), pp. 123-127 Published by: The American Schools of Oriental Research Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25067611 . Accessed: 06/11/2011 07:31 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The American Schools of Oriental Research is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Near Eastern Archaeology. http://www.jstor.org The Parthians (174 BCE-224CE) suc- , The coins discussed here are primarily from ceeded in the the Lorestan Museum, which houses the establishing longest jyj^' in the ancient coins of southern Media.1 However, lasting empire J0^%^ 1 Near East.At its Parthian JF the coins of northern Media are also height, ^S^ considered thanks to the collection ruleextended Anatolia to M from ^^^/;. housed in the Azerbaijan Museum theIndus and the Valley from Ef-'?S&f?'''' in the city of Tabriz. Most of the Sea to the Persian m Caspian ^^^/// coins of the Azerbaijan Museum Farhang Khademi Gulf Consummate horsemen el /?/ have been donated by local ^^ i Nadooshan, Seyed indigenoustoCentral Asia, the ? people and have been reported ?| ?????J SadrudinMoosavi, Parthians achieved fame for Is u1 and documented in their names.
    [Show full text]
  • The Arsenite Schism and the Babai Rebellion: Two Case Studies
    THE ARSENITE SCHISM AND THE BABAI REBELLION: TWO CASE STUDIES IN CENTER-PERIPHERY RELATIONS by Hüsamettin ŞİMŞİR Submitted to the Institute of Social Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Sabancı University June 2018 © Hüsamettin Şimşir 2018 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT THE ARSENITE SCHISM AND THE BABAI REBELLION: TWO CASE STUDIES IN CENTER-PERIPHERY RELATIONS Hüsamettin Şimşir M.A Thesis, June 2018 Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Fac. Member Ferenc Péter Csirkés This thesis aims to present an analysis of the interaction between Christians and Muslims in the west of Asia Minor at the end of the 13th and the beginning of the 14th centuries after two religious-social movements in the Byzantine and the Rum Seljuk Empires, the Arsenite Schism and the Babai Rebellion. After the unsuccessful rebellion of the Babais, antinomian dervishes who had migrated to the west of Asia Minor because of a heavy oppression as well as inquisition by the state and had a different religious belief apart from the mainstream religious understanding of the center initiated missionary activities in the regions along the Byzantine border. Accordingly, these dervishes had joined the military activities of the Turcoman chieftains against the Byzantines and interacted with the local Christian population and religious figures. As a result of this religious interaction, messianic and ascetic beliefs were increasingly present among the Greek-speaking population as well as spiritual leaders of western Anatolia. Since such interfaith and cross- cultural interaction had a considerable impact on the course of all these events, this thesis focuses on them to create a better understanding of the appearance of the Hesychasm in the Byzantine spiritual environment in the later period.
    [Show full text]
  • A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E
    Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Honors Program Senior Projects WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship Spring 2014 A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E. Tobias Osterhaug Western Washington University Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwu_honors Part of the Higher Education Commons, and the History Commons Recommended Citation Osterhaug, Tobias, "A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E." (2014). WWU Honors Program Senior Projects. 25. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwu_honors/25 This Project is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Honors Program Senior Projects by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Tobias Osterhaug History 499/Honors 402 A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E. Introduction: The first Crusade, a massive and unprecedented undertaking in the western world, differed from the majority of subsequent crusades into the Holy Land in an important way: it contained no royalty and was undertaken with very little direct support from the ruling families of Western Europe. This aspect of the crusade led to the development of sophisticated hierarchies and vassalages among the knights who led the crusade. These relationships culminated in the formation of the Crusader States, Latin outposts in the Levant surrounded by Muslim states, and populated primarily by non-Catholic or non-Christian peoples. Despite the difficulties engendered by this situation, the Crusader States managed to maintain control over the Holy Land for much of the twelfth century, and, to a lesser degree, for several decades after the Fall of Jerusalem in 1187 to Saladin.
    [Show full text]
  • Archives in Medieval Islam by ERNST POSNER
    Downloaded from http://meridian.allenpress.com/american-archivist/article-pdf/35/3-4/291/2745727/aarc_35_3-4_x1546224w7621152.pdf by guest on 03 October 2021 Archives in Medieval Islam By ERNST POSNER N A CHAPTER of his Muqaddimah: An Introduction to His- tory, which deals with royalty and government, Ibn-Khaldun I (1332-1406) observes, "Royal authority requires soldiers, money, and the means to communicate with those who are absent. The ruler, therefore, needs persons to help him in the matters concerned with 'the sword,' 'the pen,' and finances; and among them the pen ranks high."1 It may have been thought to rank even higher than the sword and finances, for, according to Muslim tradition, the pen was the first object God created.2 Of its power and creativeness in Islamic culture there can be no doubt, and those who wielded the pen enjoyed great esteem. Poets and literati lent their talents to the business of government and, according to Ibn al-Sayrafl, achieved "with the pen what the sword and the lance over a long period of years had been unable to produce."3 Unfortunately, the use of the pen as an instrument of Muslim policy and the preservation of the products of the pen, namely offi- cial documents, have received too little attention so far. As a re- sult, archives-keeping in the Muslim states during the Middle Ages has not been fully recognized as a continuation of preceding prac- The author, Fellow and past president of the Society, continues with this essay his history of archives administration begun in Archives in the Ancient World [Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press; xviii, 283 p., illus.; bibliography, index; $>io] pub- lished in May 1972.
    [Show full text]
  • Power, Politics, and Tradition in the Mongol Empire and the Ilkhanate of Iran
    OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 08/08/16, SPi POWER, POLITICS, AND TRADITION IN THE MONGOL EMPIRE AND THE ĪlkhānaTE OF IRAN OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 08/08/16, SPi OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 08/08/16, SPi Power, Politics, and Tradition in the Mongol Empire and the Īlkhānate of Iran MICHAEL HOPE 1 OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 08/08/16, SPi 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6D P, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries © Michael Hope 2016 The moral rights of the author have been asserted First Edition published in 2016 Impression: 1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Control Number: 2016932271 ISBN 978–0–19–876859–3 Printed in Great Britain by Clays Ltd, St Ives plc Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only.
    [Show full text]
  • The Seljuks of Anatolia: an Epigraphic Study
    American University in Cairo AUC Knowledge Fountain Theses and Dissertations 2-1-2017 The Seljuks of Anatolia: An epigraphic study Salma Moustafa Azzam Follow this and additional works at: https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds Recommended Citation APA Citation Azzam, S. (2017).The Seljuks of Anatolia: An epigraphic study [Master’s thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/656 MLA Citation Azzam, Salma Moustafa. The Seljuks of Anatolia: An epigraphic study. 2017. American University in Cairo, Master's thesis. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/656 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by AUC Knowledge Fountain. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of AUC Knowledge Fountain. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Seljuks of Anatolia: An Epigraphic Study Abstract This is a study of the monumental epigraphy of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate, also known as the Sultanate of Rum, which emerged in Anatolia following the Great Seljuk victory in Manzikert against the Byzantine Empire in the year 1071.It was heavily weakened in the Battle of Köse Dağ in 1243 against the Mongols but lasted until the end of the thirteenth century. The history of this sultanate which survived many wars, the Crusades and the Mongol invasion is analyzed through their epigraphy with regard to the influence of political and cultural shifts. The identity of the sultanate and its sultans is examined with the use of their titles in their monumental inscriptions with an emphasis on the use of the language and vocabulary, and with the purpose of assessing their strength during different periods of their realm.
    [Show full text]
  • Chronicle of Michael the Syrian and the Armenian Version (1248): a Textual Comparison
    The Chronicle of Michael the Great, Patriarch of the Syrians Translated from Classical Armenian by Robert Bedrosian For Reverend Father Krikor Vardapet Maksoudian, who taught me the language Sources of the Armenian Tradition (Long Branch, N.J., 2013) This work is in the public domain. It may be copied and distributed freely. Maps: From Atlas Antiquus (Berlin, 1869) by Heinrich Kiepert: Asia Minor and Neighbors Syria Mesopotamia Greater Cappadocia Armenia and Neighbors Additional maps are available on the Maps page. Chronological tables are available on the Chronological Tables page. Translator's Preface Composite 1871 Edition 1870 Edition 1871 Edition (below) The Chronicle of Michael the Great, Patriarch of the Syrians The following Table of Contents for the Composite 1871 edition was created for the convenience of readers and is not part of the Armenian text. Author's Preface Sources Problems of Chronology Adam Seth Jared; Mt. Hermon Chaldean Kings Methusaleh Noah Sons of Noah and Their Lands Tower of Babel The Amazons Rulers of Babylon Abraham Shamiram (Semiramis) Jacob Moses Exodus Judges Saul Solomon The Queen of Sheba and Her Riddles Rulers after Solomon Tiglathpilesar Shalmaneser Darius, Daniel, Cyrus Xerxes, B.C. 486-465 Persian Kings Alexander, B.C. 356-323 Ptolemy, B.C. 323-285 Translators of the Bible Haykazean Kings Maccabees, B.C. 167-160 138 B.C. 90 B.C. Genealogy of Herod Barzaphran Julius Caesar, B.C. 100-44 Herod's Rule over the Jews Cleopatra, reigned B.C. 51-30 Birth of Jesus Coming of the Magi Selection of the Apostles Selection of the Disciples Philo, Jewish Sects Abgar, King of Edessa Claudius, A.D.
    [Show full text]