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SECTION 1: Introduction SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION Section 1 Contents The Purpose and Scope of This Guidance ....................................................................1-1 Relationship to CZARA Guidance ....................................................................................1-2 National Water Quality Inventory .....................................................................................1-3 What is Nonpoint Source Pollution? ...............................................................................1-4 Watershed Approach to Nonpoint Source Pollution Control .......................................1-5 Programs to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution...........................................................1-7 National Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program .............................................1-7 Storm Water Permit Program .......................................................................................1-8 Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program ............................................................1-8 Clean Vessel Act Pumpout Grant Program ................................................................1-9 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)...................................................................................................1-9 Oil Pollution Act (OPA) and Regulation ....................................................................1-10 Sources of Further Information .....................................................................................1-10 Watershed Resources..................................................................................................... 1-11 The Purpose and Scope of This Guidance specific factors that together compose the setting of a marina. The best management practices This national management measures guidance for (BMPs) presented in Section 4 of this guidance marinas and recreational boating provides guid- are recommended based on their successful ance to states, territories, authorized tribes, and application at many marinas nationwide. Their the public regarding management measures that applicability to any particular marina or situation, may be used to reduce nonpoint source pollution however, must be determined based on site- from marinas and recreational boating activities. specific factors. The applicability of the individual The guidance is intended to provide technical BMPs and combinations of BMPs should be assistance to state program managers and others considered within the overall context of the on the best practicable means of reducing location, environment, design, and needs of the nonpoint source pollution of surface waters from marina. Marina managers should make informed marinas and recreational boating. The guidance decisions, based on the circumstances at their provides background information about nonpoint particular marina, as to whether the BMPs in this source pollution from marinas and recreational guidance or others would be most effective for boating—including where it comes from and how controlling nonpoint source pollution. Which BMP it enters the nation’s waters—and technical or combination of BMPs is used is not the critical information about how to reduce nonpoint source point. Preventing water pollution is. pollution from marinas and recreational boating. It This guidance refers to statutory and regulatory also discusses the relationship of marinas to the provisions that contain legally binding requirements. watersheds in which they are located. It does not take the place of those provisions or The guidance can assist marina managers in regulations, nor is it a regulation itself. Thus, it does identifying possible sources of nonpoint source not impose legally binding requirements on the U.S. pollution and offers potential solutions. Finding a Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), states, solution to nonpoint source pollution problems at a territories, authorized tribes, or the public and might marina requires taking into account the site- not apply to a particular situation. The decision 1-1 National Management Measures Guidance makers of EPA, states, territories, and authorized tribes retain the discretion to adopt approaches on Management Measures for Marinas a case-by-case basis that differ from this guidance and Recreational Boating where appropriate. EPA may change this guidance Flushing in the future. Water quality assessment Habitat assessment The guidance is organized in six parts: Shoreline stabilization • Section 1 introduces the guidance. Storm water runoff Fueling station design • Section 2 discusses the sources of nonpoint Petroleum control source pollution and the specific pollutants of Liquid material management concern associated with marinas and recre- Solid waste management ational boating. Fish waste management Sewage facilities • Section 3 discusses management measures Maintenance of sewage facilities and site-specific BMPs generally, the use of Boat cleaning combinations of BMPs (BMP systems), and Boat operation the characteristics of surface waters where Public education marinas are located. • Section 4 introduces the 15 management Best management practices are individual measures for marinas and recreational activities or structures that can be used alone or in boating and describes BMPs that can be used combination to achieve the management mea- to achieve the management measures. sures. Refer to Section 4 for a thorough discus- • Section 5 describes some models used to sion of the 15 management measures for marinas estimate pollutant loads and discusses water and recreational boating and the known BMPs quality monitoring. that can be used to achieve them. • Appendices provide additional relevant The scope of this national management measures information. guidance is broad, covering diverse nonpoint source pollutants from marinas and recreational The management measures in this guidance are boating. Because it reflects all types of the best available, economically achievable waterbodies, it cannot provide all practices and practices or combinations of practices that can be techniques suitable to all regional or local marina used to address nonpoint sources of pollution or waterbody conditions. Also, BMPs are continu- related to marinas and recreational boating. EPA ously being modified and developed as a result of originally identified 15 management measures for experience gained from BMP implementation and implementation within the state coastal manage- the innovation of marina managers across the ment areas (see Guidance Specifying Manage- country. ment Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters [USEPA, 1993]). The titles of the management measures are listed in the box to the above right. From discussions with marina owners and operators at facilities on fresh waters nationwide, these 15 management Management measures are steps that measures and associated practices have been can be taken to control of the addition of found generally to be just as applicable to fresh pollutants from nonpoint sources. Manage- water marinas as they are to coastal water ment measures are achievable through the marinas. They form the basic measures recom- application of BMPs, technologies, mended in this guidance. processes, siting criteria, operating methods, or other alternatives. 1-2 SECTION 1: Introduction Relationship to CZARA Guidance assessed are still too polluted to support their designated uses (based on survey information Readers should note that this guidance is consis- submitted by states, territories, and tribes). The tent with the Guidance Specifying Management health of these waters is primarily degraded by Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in nonpoint source pollution, which is described more Coastal Waters (USEPA, 1993) published under fully on page 1-4. section 6217 of the Coastal Zone Act Reauthori- zation Amendments of 1990 (CZARA). This Every 2 years, EPA reports to Congress on the guidance does not supplant or replace the 1993 quality of the nation’s waters in the National coastal management measures guidance for the Water Quality Inventory. States, territories, and purpose of implementing programs under section tribes survey the water quality in a sample of the 6217. rivers and streams; lakes, ponds, and reservoirs; estuaries; ocean shorelines; and/or Great Lakes Under CZARA, states that participate in the shorelines in their jurisdictions and report the Coastal Zone Management Program under the findings to EPA for the Inventory. Because each Coastal Zone Management Act are required to state, territory, and tribe surveys its jurisdictional develop Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control waters according to individual priorities, the Programs that ensure the implementation of survey results cannot be generalized as the quality EPA’s management measures in their coastal of the nation’s waters overall, but the results do management areas. The 1993 guidance continues provide a snapshot of nationwide water quality to apply to that program. and water quality trends. This national management measures guidance The 1998 National Water Quality Inventory modifies and expands upon the supplementary summarizes the water quality assessment reports technical information contained in the coastal submitted by states, territories, and tribes. management measures guidance both to reflect Table 1-1 lists the overall percentages of each circumstances relevant to differing inland condi- waterbody type surveyed
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