China at the End of the Silk Road

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China at the End of the Silk Road 1. Reunification of a divided China 2. Tang institutions 3. Expansion and foreign relations 4. Silk Road and trade 5. Cosmopolitanism Pre-Imperial Period ca. 1600-200 BCE Qin dynasty 秦 221-206 BCE Han dynasty 漢 206 BCE-220 CE Early Imperial Period ca. 200 BCE-600 CE Age of Division 魏晉南北朝 220-581 CE Sui dynasty 隋 581-618 BCE Tang dynasty 唐 Middle Imperial Period 618-907 CE ca. 600-1400 CE Five Dynasties 五代 907-960 CE Song dynasty 宋 960 - 1279 CE Sui Dynasty, 581-617 Yang Jian (541-604)Emperor Wen of Sui (r. 581-604) Xianbei Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty Tang Gaozong 唐高祖 r. 618-626 Li Yuan 李淵 Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty Tang Taizong 唐太宗 r. 626-649 1. Reunification of a divided China 2. Tang institutions 3. Expansion and foreign relations 4. Silk Road and trade 5. Cosmopolitanism aristocracy (mixed Xianbei-Han Chinese) inner and outer court examination system Tang dynasty tax reforms equal field system Triple tax grain for each adult male cloth for each household corvée labor for each adult male "Double tax" reform of 8th c. Tang law code (Tanglü 唐律) Jiangnan region Yangzhou Hangzhou Bay Grand Canal Beijing Luoyang Jiangnan region Hangzhou 1. Reunification of a divided China 2. Tang institutions 3. Expansion and foreign relations 4. Silk Road and trade 5. Cosmopolitanism Tang Empire 618-907 Türk Empire Chang'an Luoyang Türk Empire 552-744 Heavenly Qaghan Sogdiana Ferghana Abbasid Caliphate Battle of Talas 751 Tibet Nanzhao 1. Reunification of a divided China 2. Tang institutions 3. Expansion and foreign relations 4. Silk Road and trade 5. Cosmopolitanism "Silk Road" silk worm (Bombyx mori ) silk cocoon Trade routes around Taklamakan Desert Eastern Turkestan (part of modern Xinjiang) Dunhuang Kashgar Eastern end of Silk Road Chang'an modern Xi'an (Sian) Southern Asia YELLOW SEA E CHINA SEA S CHINA SEA Jiangnan region Yangzhou Hangzhou Bay 1. Reunification of a divided China 2. Tang institutions 3. Expansion and foreign relations 4. Silk Road and trade 5. Cosmopolitanism Tribute system •center vs. periphery •cultural superiority •trade as ritualized exchange Emperor Taizong receiving tribute from Central Asian ambassador ca 7th c. City walls of modern Xi'an Shaanxi province Diagram of a royal city from ancient ritual texts City plan of Chang’an during Tang Dynasty Modern Xi’an, Shaanxi province Reconstruction of Tang Imperial Palace, Chang’an Tomb of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Qianxian, Shaanxi province. Empress Wu 武后 Wu Zetian 武則天 r. 684-705 Emperor Xuanzong 玄宗 r. 712-756 An Lushan Rebellion, 755-763 An Lushan 安禄山 (Rokhshan) 703-757 Tang Xuanzong 唐玄宗 r. 712-756 Yang Guifei 楊貴妃 719-756 Uighur Empire, 744-840 Uighur man Xinjiang Han Yu 韓愈 768-824 The Original Dao Yuan dao 原道 .

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ISSN: 2170-1822, Al Naciriya: Journal of sociological and EISSN: 2600-6189 historical Studies Vol. 10, N°2, Décembre 2019 pp. 863-883 The Sino-Arab political relations The Sino-Arab political relations during the T’ang Dynasty (618-907AD) Imane CHABANE 1, Ahmed CHERIFI 2 University of Algiers 2 - Abu Qasim Saadallah, [email protected] 1 University of Algiers 2 - Abu Qasim Saadallah, [email protected] 2 Received: 02 /07 /2019; Accepted: 19/11 /2019 @òîiŠÈÛa @òîäî–Ûa @òîbîÛa @pbÓýÈÛa @ Hâ907 @M 618 I@Íãbm @òÛý @†èÇ @Þý @ @ Z@ —‚Ü½a @Íãbm@ òÛý @ †èÇ @ Þý@ òîiŠÈÛa @ òîäî–Ûa@ pbÓýÈÛa@ òa‰…@ †Èm @Ò†è @ ‡gm @ L òî±‰bnÛa @ @ tb¡þa @ ¿@ òàè½a @ Éî™aì½a @ åß â@H 907 @M 618 I @ïbßìÜi†Ûa L@ ïbîÛa@†îÈ–Ûa@óÜÇ @´ÏŠİÛa@í@Þ…bjn½a@qdnÛa@‰bèÃ ⁄ @ƒí‰bnÛa@ ìçë âL@ 907 @òíbË @ âµg@ 618 @ åß @ ñ†nà½a @ ñÐÛa@ ¿ @ ðŠØÈÛaë @¿@ õbu @ @sîy@L´–Ûaë@lŠÈÛa@í@ïbî@Þb–ma@Þëc @éîÏ @@ ðˆÛa @µg@ p†Ïëc@ lŠÈÛa@ …ýi@ æc @ òîiŠÈÛaë @ òîäî–Ûa@ òî±‰bnÛa@ ‰…b–½a æbjÈ‘@æb¹g @ZÝaŠ½a@ÑÛû½a @@òíŠ•bäÛa [email protected] 2019 @àí… @2@…†Ç @10 @Z †Ü© 863 ISSN: 2170-1822, Al Naciriya: Journal of sociological and EISSN: 2600-6189 historical Studies Vol. 10, N°2, Décembre 2019 pp. 863-883 The Sino-Arab political relations @òÐîÜä @ÝjÓ@åß @òîbßìÜi…@òrÈi@Þëc @ Íãbm @ òÛý @†èÇ@¿@´–Ûa @òíì ßþa@ òÛë†Ûa@ †èÇ @ ¿@ ôŠc@ pbrÈi@ bènÜm ë@ LæbÐÇ@ åi@ æbàrÇ @pa‰ìİnÛbi@bib¯gë bjÜ@ @´ÏŠİÛa@òÓýÇ@pŠqdm@†Óë @N òîbjÈÛa@òÛë†Ûa ë @òybÛa@ óÜÇ@ bàèäß@ Ý×@ é‰b¹@ ðˆÛa@ ‰ë†Ûaë@ òîÛë†Ûaë @ òîàîÜÓ⁄a @ @ Nòîbî Ûa @ÕíŠ [@ ÷ý [@ òjînÓ ó[@ İìÛa@bîe [@ òîbjÈÛa òÛë†Ûa @ZòîybnÐ½a@pbàÜØÛa @ @ .ŠíŠ§a Abstract: The study of " The Sino-Arab political relations during the T’ang Dynasty (618-907 AD) " is one of the most important topics that had occupied a large part of the historical researches; it aims to highlight the first contact among Arabs and China which took place during the T’ang Dynasty.
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