Martian Gullies and Their Earth Analogues

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e their Earth Analogues s Edited by S. J. Conway, J. L. Carrivick, P. A. Carling, Edited by T. de Haas and T. N. Harrison S. J. Conway, J. L. Carrivick, P. A. Carling, T. de Haas and T. N. Harrison Gullies on Mars resemble terrestrial gullies involved in the transport of abundant material down steep slopes by liquid water. However, liquid water should not be stable at the Martian surface. The articles in this volume present the two main opposing theories for Martian gully formation: Geological climate-driven melting of surficial water-ice deposits and Society Geological Society seasonal dry-ice sublimation. The evidence presented ranges Special Publication from remote-sensing observations, to experimental Special Publication 467 467 simulations, to comparison with Earth analogues. The opposing hypotheses imply either that Mars has been unusually wet in the last few million years or that it has E S T . d

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Cover illustration: 3D rendering of gullies on Mars and Earth. The left part of the image was created from HiRISE image ESP_011672_1395 and its associated digital elevation model; the right from data available via Digimap in the Brecon Beacons, Wales. Images are high resolution (25cm) vertical aerial imagery at 1:500 © Getmapping Plc. Elevation data are from the Lidar Composite Digital Terrain Model of Wales at 2m resolution 1:8000 © Natural Resources Wales. The Geological Society

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Chief Editor RICK LAW (USA)

Society Books Editors JIM GRIFFITHS (UK) DAVE HODGSON (UK) PHIL LEAT (UK) TERESA SABATO CERALDI (UK) DANIELA SCHMIDT (UK) RANDELL STEPHENSON (UK) ROB STRACHAN (UK) MARK WHITEMAN (UK)

Society Books Advisors GHULAM BHAT (India) MARIE-FRANC¸OISE BRUNET (France) ANNE-CHRISTINE DA SILVA (Belgium) JASPER KNIGHT (South Africa) SPENCER LUCAS (USA) DOLORES PEREIRA (Spain) VIRGINIA TOY (New Zealand) GEORG ZELLMER (New Zealand)

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It is recommended that reference to all or part of this book should be made in one of the following ways:

CONWAY, S. J., CARRIVICK, J. L., CARLING, P. A., DE HAAS,T.&HARRISON, T. N (eds) 2019. Martian Gullies and their Earth Analogues. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 467.

HARRISON, T. N., TORNABENE, L. L., OSINSKI,G.R.&CONWAY, S. J. 2017. Thermal inertia variations from gully and mass-wasting activity in Gasa crater, Mars. In:CONWAY, S. J., CARRIVICK, J. L., CARLING, P. A., DE HAAS,T.&HARRISON, T. N (eds) 2019. Martian Gullies and their Earth Analogues. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 467, 199–210, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP467.8

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Martian Gullies and their Earth Analogues

EDITED BY

S. J. CONWAY Centre National de la Recherche Scientiﬁque, France

J. L. CARRIVICK University of Leeds, UK

P. A. CARLING University of Southampton, UK

T. DE HAAS University of Utrecht, The Netherlands and

T. N. HARRISON Arizona State University, USA

2019 Published by The Geological Society London

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CONWAY, S. J., DE HAAS, T., HARRISON, T. N., CARLING,P.A.&CARRIVICK, J. Martian gullies 1 and their Earth analogues: introduction

CONWAY, S. J., DE HAAS,T.&HARRISON, T. N. Martian gullies: a comprehensive review of 7 observations, mechanisms and insights from Earth analogues

Martian remote sensing

DUNDAS, C. M., MCEWEN, A. S., DINIEGA, S., HANSEN, C. J., BYRNE,S.&MCELWAINE,J.N. 67 The formation of gullies on Mars today

DINIEGA, S., HANSEN, C. J., ALLEN, A., GRIGSBY, N., LI, Z., PEREZ,T.&CHOJNACKI, M. Dune-slope 95 activity due to frost and wind throughout the north polar erg, Mars

JOUANNIC, G., CONWAY, S. J., GARGANI, J., COSTARD, F., MASSÉ, M., BOURGEOIS, O., CARTER, J., 115 SCHMIDT, F., MARMO, C., ORI, G. G., NACHON,M.&PASQUON, K. Morphological characterization of landforms produced by springtime seasonal activity on Russell Crater megadune, Mars

PASQUON, K., GARGANI, J., NACHON, M., CONWAY, S. J., MASSÉ, M., JOUANNIC, G., BALME, M. R., 145 COSTARD,F.&VINCENDON, M. Are different Martian gully morphologies due to different processes on the Kaiser dune ﬁeld?

DE HAAS, T., CONWAY, S. J., BUTCHER, F. E. G., LEVY, J., GRINDROD, P. M., GOUDGE,T.A.& 165 BALME, M. R. Time will tell: temporal evolution of Martian gullies and palaeoclimatic implications

CONWAY, S. J., HARRISON, T. N., SOARE, R. J., BRITTON,A.W.&STEELE, L. J. New slope-normalized 187 global gully density and orientation maps for Mars

HARRISON, T. N., TORNABENE, L. L., OSINSKI,G.R.&CONWAY, S. J. Thermal inertia variations 199 from gully and mass-wasting activity in Gasa crater, Mars

SOARE, R. J., CONWAY, S. J., GALLAGHER, C., DOHM,J.M.&REISS, D. Periglacial complexes and 211 the deductive evidence of ‘wet’-ﬂows at the Hale impact crater, Mars

GULICK, V. C., GLINES, N., HART,S.&FREEMAN, P. Geomorphological analysis of gullies on the 233 central peak of Lyot Crater, Mars

Earth analogues

HAUBER, E., SASSENROTH, C., DE VERA, J.-P., SCHMITZ, N., JAUMANN, R., REISS, D., HIESINGER,H.& 267 JOHNSSON, A. Debris ﬂows and water tracks in northern Victoria Land, continental East Antarctica: a new terrestrial analogue site for gullies and recurrent slope lineae on Mars

DICKSON, J. L., HEAD, J. W., LEVY, J. S., MORGAN,G.A.&MARCHANT, D. R. Gully formation in 289 the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: multiple sources of water, temporal sequence and relative importance in gully erosion and deposition processes

SINHA, R. K., VIJAYAN, S., SHUKLA, A. D., DAS,P.&BHATTACHARYA, F. Gullies and debris-ﬂows in 315 Ladakh Himalaya, India: a potential Martian analogue

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Laboratory simulations

SYLVEST, M. E., DIXON, J. C., CONWAY, S. J., PATEL, M. R., MCELWAINE, J. N., HAGERMANN,A.& 343 BARNES,A.CO2 sublimation in Martian gullies: laboratory experiments at varied slope angle and regolith grain sizes

HERNY, C., CONWAY, S. J., RAACK, J., CARPY, S., COLLEU-BANSE,T.&PATEL, M. R. Downslope 373 sediment transport by boiling liquid water under Mars-like conditions: experiments and potential implications for Martian gullies

AULD,K.S.&DIXON, J. C. An experimental investigation into Martian gully formation: 411 a slush-ﬂow model

Index 425

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