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Simmary of 1983-1984 Dry Season Hydrologic Conditions

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Simmary of 1983-1984 Dry Season Hydrologic Conditions SIMMARY OF 1983-1984 DRY SEASON HYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS Prepared by Steve Lin Water Resources Division Resource Planning Department South Florida Water Management District West Palm Beach, Florida October 1984 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The production of this report was made possible by the support and assistance of the following: Ellis Donsky, U. S. Geological Survey, Miami, Florida, for the supply of daily discharge and stage data of the Lower East Coast and Lake Okeechobee basins. Howard George, U. S. Geological Survey, Orlando, Florida, for the supply of daily discharge, stage data of the Upper Kissimmee Basin. Tom MacVicar and his staff, Data Management Division, for the supply of daily rainfall, discharge, stage data of the stations operated and maintained by the District Dick Slyfield, Resource Operations Department, for the supply of structure operation information. Special thanks are extended to the staff of the Water Resources Division for their efforts in the preparation, verification, and setting up the data on the data base. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgements ................... ............................. i Table of Contents.................................................. ii List of Tables.................................................... iii List of Figures.............................. ..................... iii Summary ..................................................... ..... 1 Upper Kissimmee Lakes Basin................................. 5 Lower Kissimmee River Basin................................... 5 Lake Okeechobee .............................................. 6 Upper East Coast Area............................. ......... 6 Everglades Agricultural Areas ............................. 7 Water Conservation Areas ........... ....................... 7 Lower East Coast................................ ........... 9 Lower West Coast.......................................... 10 Fisheating Creek and C-41 Basin.............................. 11 Everglades National Park................................................ 11 LIST OF TABLES IW N Number Page 1 Dry Season Rainfall of Nov. 1983-May 1984 in Inches........ 2 2 Dry Season Rainfall of Nov. 1983-May 1984 in Percent of Normal ........................ .......... 2 3 Pumpage from the Everglades Agricultural Areas.............. 8 4 Irrigation Releases from Lake Okeechobee................... 8 5 Monthly Discharge to Everglades National Park and Shark River Slough (S-12, S-333)........................ 12 LIST OF FIGURES 1 Raingages and Basin Boundary................................ 13 2 Rainfall Nov. 1983 - May 1984 (Inches) ............... 14 3 Rainfall - Percent of Normal - Nov. 1983-May 1984........... 15 4 Rainfall in District Areas - Upper Kissimmee Lakes, Kissimmee River, Upper East Coast, Lake Okeechobee......... 16 5 Rainfall in Disrict Areas - Lower East Coast, Water Conservation Areas............ ........................ ......17 6 Rainfall in District Areas - Everglades Agricultural Areas, Everglades National Park, Lower West Coast, Fisheating Creek Basin ..................................... 18 7 Discharge at Upper Kissimmee and Lower Kissimmee River Basin..... ..... ......... .... 19 8 Discharge at Lake Okeechobee - S-84, S-71, S-72, and S-77..... 20 9 Discharge at Lake Okeechobee - S-2, S-3, S-191, Fisheating Creek.............................................21 Discharge at Water Conservation Areas S-5A, S-6, S-7, S-10.... 22 Discharge at Water Conservation Areas S-11, S-39, S-38, S-34.. 23 Discharge at Lower East Coast ................... 24 Discharge at S-8 and S-12.................................. 25 Discharge at Upper East Coast Areas........................... 26 Discharge at Lower West Coast Areas............ .......... 27 Daily Staae Hvdroarah~ - EAst ILAk Tohonekalian Daily Est ak ThI kligtage,ydogaps LaKe lonopeKaliga........................................ Daily Stage Hydrographs - Lake Kissimmee, Lake Okeechobee..... Daily Stage Hydrographs - Water Conservation Areas 1, 2A...... Daily Stage Hydrograph - Water Conservation Area 3A........... SUMMARY The rainfall pattern for the dry season from November 1983 through May 1984 can be summarized as wet overall, but dry in January. For the South Florida Water Management District basins (District) as a whole, the total dry season rainfall was 22.96 inches, or 130% of normal. Tables 1 and 2 present the monthly rainfall distribution over the District's basins in inches and percent of normal, respectively. The November 1983 rainfall was quite variable, ranging from about 50% of normal in Water Conservation Area (WCA) 1 to almost 195% of normal in the Lower West Coast. At the beginning of the dry season, the water level in Lake Okeechobee was a foot below regulation schedule, but was 1.33 feet and 600,000 acre-feet above the historical average. East Lake Tohopekaliga was about 0.8 feet below its regulation schedule. Lake Tohopekaliga, WCA-1, and WCA-3A were at the top of their regulation schedules. WCA-2A was over 1.0 foot above its drawdown schedule. With below normal rainfall in November, the water level in WCA-1 and WCA-3A declined slightly, and WCA-2A declined substantially. The December 1983 rainfall in the District was above normal. Except for Lake Okeechobee, the water levels in most of the major water storage areas rose to or above regulation schedules. The January 1984 rainfall was below normal in all basins of the District, ranging from only 6.3% of normal in WCA-3A to 59.6% of normal in the Upper Kissimmee basins. Surface storage in the lakes and water conservation areas remained well above normal and close to their regulation schedules, except in Lake Okeechobee. The water level in Lake Okeechobee was only 0.5 feet from its regulation schedule at the end of January. 1 000000000000 in o u-I d' 0-It 1 C'" u-I m- w e.~ .~ lO -4 ri C1O. LO4M -4~m r- I u- C CJ h ( L OM~)C -4 - r-4 r-I - -4 -4 -4 -4 v-4 -1 - -I 0 r0 o 0c 0 Co 0 0 0 0- 0. 0~ 0 0inIO - c r 00.Dr--i Ln ON O 01 T--4 LO ^- r-I N~ cf C1i U) U Ln -4 V-4toMtd'fldLflOqdCN0 r4 - - -4 -4 r-4 -4 -4i r-4 - - - 00 00 00 00 0 000C Oc t) N C.) 04M) M~ u-"I 4 M Nv 00^c Ot ) No -I or- -4-4-4 in0C~-C~. Lnh. "l . .1 r' 14 r -- NN -1r- OO^C~rf^ C'J0)~ 00000000 LONL0000N~ OC8 00O rinr-O014 C\ U U u4 C*.J C~ ~ ) u-4 i\ n C M MM M-4 -- 4 r -; N'. N'. M~u 0 00000tor-1OO000000 1 qt~~C" N C'.IN~rC0 N 19Ln Nl qq -1M~M . 0000000000M4 1000 r-4 r-4 r-- Co 00 00 00 LOL ONt0Of - C1^4 ctf - 1 tN t r1 .~9M 000 M000000tOtOCt000 LO N) tO iN t.O 0 N'~ iILO N r 0L>COininLC)O0C0Cr> -4 -4 -4-4-L4.. r-4ci n0C'J 4in'),intDcm .--I M d-4-- 4 N- -- L . cOce N. r-i -4 -- -4 r-1-4 C'. N. C')N 0~~~~I 0 000 ) 00 0I LnO f-- Ifl D L 1- IA ' C1 Wa) ) " - 5-- CJ0 a ) "r V) 4fl Ilv r~- O1 Ou a)r -tt V W 4 0.3 L~ (.a C33~ YCc 0. ru 0. .> L (AN ~ r0L00 - V) 4.f0fa ) 4l V 'r 3.J.. LL L1 0 0 u 0 ~c G1V)V)C v 41 N ) L5 I I I O N t S - 0. 3 x5 C. 0 QC Qc Q 3 3 v a 060 (0 0.>UU L L) L 0*> OLLJ'OLUM.J.JLL W February 1984 rainfall was above normal in most parts of the District, except in WCA-3A and Everglades National Park (ENP or Park) (Table 2). The water level in Lake Okeechobee was slightly below its regulation schedule. All three water conservation areas and the lakes in the Upper Kissimmee basin were held essentially on schedule during this month. March 1984 rainfall was above normal in most parts of the District except for the Upper Kissimmee basin (Table 2). Early releases from Lake Okeechobee during this dry season were made to avoid unwanted regulatory releases. In spite of this action, the above normal rainfall during March caused the lake stage to rise above its regulation schedule and forced lake releases to be increased to the regulatory level through the Caloosahatchee River. Releases were also made through the Everglades Agricultural Areas (EAA) to WCA-3A and the St. Lucie Canal. All lakes in the Upper Kissimmee basin maintained their declining schedule. April 1984 rainfall was above normal in most parts of the District with the exception of the Lower West Coast, WCA-3A, and the Upper East Coast. The Lower East Coast rainfall was near normal. The heavy releases in March and April were successful in bringing Lake Okeechobee's stage below its regulation schedule by the end of April, yet it still remained 2.0 feet over its historical average. Stages in all three water conservation areas declined during this month. All lakes in the Upper Kissimmee basin were held essentially at their declining schedule except East Lake Tohopekaliga which rose above its schedule during the middle of the month. A 30-day experiment of releases from S-333 was started April 19, and the releases were made from WCA-3A to the Tamiami Canal and into the natural channel of Shark River Slough. This experimental program included a careful monitoring of surface and ground water measurements in the area south of Shark 3 River Slough. This experiment combined with a below normal rainfall period caused a decline in WCA-3A stages. May 1984 rainfall, as usual, brought widely varying rainfall conditions. The first three weeks of the month were as dry as in late April; however, during the last week of May, the rainy season began with a heavy rainfall. As a result, the western C-51 basin experienced severe flooding with flood waters overtopping the south bank of C-51 at Sucrose Grower's cane field. The May 1984 rainfall was above normal in all parts of the District (Table 2). The water level in the lakes and water conservation areas declined and closely followed their regulation schedules during most of the month. The heavy rains during the last week of May caused the Lake Okeechobee stage to rise above schedule; similarly, all three water conservation areas rebounded late in the month in response to heavy rainfall.
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