Smt. Pritilata Waddedar

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Smt. Pritilata Waddedar p Smt. Pritilata Waddedar Bharatiya Svatantrata Yoddha, Teacher EARLY LIFE May 1911 After completing her education in Chittagong and Dhaka, she attended Bethune College in Kolkata. Pritilata graduated in philosophy with distinction. After completing her education in Calcutta, Pritilata returned to Chittagong. In Chittagong, she took up the job of headmistress at a local English medium secondary school SUMMARY REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITIES After a brief stint as a school Surya Sen planned to attack the Pahartali European Club teacher, Pritilata joined a which had a signboard that read "Dogs and Indians not revolutionary group headed allowed" leadership of the attack. by Surya Sen. Pritilata went to Kotowali Sea Side for arms training and She led a team of fifteen made the plan of their attack there. revolutionaries in 1932 attack All the members of the group were given potassium cyanide on the Pahartali European Club which had a sign board and were told to swallow it if they were caught that read "Dogs and Indians On the day of the attack, Pritilata dressed herself as a not allowed". Punjabi male The revolutionaries torched the club and were later caught TRIAL AND MARTRYDOM September 1932 by the British police. To avoid In the club, a few police officers who had revolvers started arrest, Pritilata consumed shooting. Pritilata incurred a single bullet wound cyanide and died Injured Pritilata was trapped by the British police. She swallowed cyanide to avoid getting arrested. Thus sacrificing her life for the Nation .
Recommended publications
  • Women on Fire: Sati, Consent, and the Revolutionary Subject
    ,%-.%/& 0121 Women on Fire: Immolation, Consent, and the Revolutionary Subject Sisters-in-Arms On September 23, 1932, Pritilata Waddedar, a twenty-year-old schoolteacher and member of the Indian Republican Army (&31),¹ became the first woman to die in the commission of an anticolonial attack when she committed suicide after leading a raid on the Pahartali Railway Institute in Chittagong. Police found Waddedar’s body outside the club, dressed in men’s clothes and with no visible injuries, and discovered, tucked into her shirt, several pamphlets of her own writing, including “Long Live Revolution” and “An Appeal to Women.” In the latter, she had written, “Women to day have taken the firm resolution that they will not remain in the background. For the freedom of their motherland they are willing to stand side by side with their brothers in every action however hard or fearful it may be. To offer proof I have taken upon myself the leadership of this expedition to be launched today” (122).² Her body, spectacularly still outside the site of her attack, offers proof of another order. Of what it offers proof, the modes of reading and memorialization it invites, and the afterlives of that body and its articu- lations constitute the terms of a colonial and postcolonial struggle over Volume 24, Number 3 $%& 10.1215/10407391-2391959 © 2014 by Brown University and differences : A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies 64 Women on Fire meaning making. At the time, Waddedar’s dead body took on a kind of evidentiary status in the prosecution of her comrades, a colonial assertion of authority in the courtroom—a prophecy, perhaps, of the ways in which it would come again to be, decades later, the disputed object of historical narrative.
    [Show full text]
  • The Great Calcutta Killings Noakhali Genocide
    1946 : THE GREAT CALCUTTA KILLINGS AND NOAKHALI GENOCIDE 1946 : THE GREAT CALCUTTA KILLINGS AND NOAKHALI GENOCIDE A HISTORICAL STUDY DINESH CHANDRA SINHA : ASHOK DASGUPTA No part of this publication can be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the author and the publisher. Published by Sri Himansu Maity 3B, Dinabandhu Lane Kolkata-700006 Edition First, 2011 Price ` 500.00 (Rupees Five Hundred Only) US $25 (US Dollars Twenty Five Only) © Reserved Printed at Mahamaya Press & Binding, Kolkata Available at Tuhina Prakashani 12/C, Bankim Chatterjee Street Kolkata-700073 Dedication In memory of those insatiate souls who had fallen victims to the swords and bullets of the protagonist of partition and Pakistan; and also those who had to undergo unparalleled brutality and humility and then forcibly uprooted from ancestral hearth and home. PREFACE What prompted us in writing this Book. As the saying goes, truth is the first casualty of war; so is true history, the first casualty of India’s struggle for independence. We, the Hindus of Bengal happen to be one of the worst victims of Islamic intolerance in the world. Bengal, which had been under Islamic attack for centuries, beginning with the invasion of the Turkish marauder Bakhtiyar Khilji eight hundred years back. We had a respite from Islamic rule for about two hundred years after the English East India Company defeated the Muslim ruler of Bengal. Siraj-ud-daulah in 1757. But gradually, Bengal had been turned into a Muslim majority province.
    [Show full text]
  • Interim Government ● 2Nd September 1946: Jawaharlal Nehru Was Chosen As the Head of Interim Government
    Interim Government ● 2nd September 1946: Jawaharlal Nehru was chosen as the head of interim government. ● It was boycotted by Muslim League. ● After the initial boycott, League joined interim government in the last week of October 1946. ● 5 League members were made ministers in Interim government including Liaquat Ali Khan who was made the Finance Minister. ● 20th Feb 1947: Attlee declared that India would be freed by June 1948 & also announced that Lord Mountbatten would be the last Governor General of India. ● Lord Mountbatten announced Mountbatten plan on 3rd June. Mountbatten Plan ● On 15th August India would be freed. ● If one group of Punjab & Bengal assembly demands for partition, it would be done. ● If partition happened, then there would be boundary commission headed by Radcliffe. ● Princely states had to join either state & were not allowed to remain free. ● Each dominion state will have its own Governor General India Independence Act July 18, 1947 ● The British Parliament ratified the Mountbatten Plan as the "Independence of India Act-1947". The Act was implemented on August 15, 1947. ● The Act provided for the creation of 2 independent dominions of India & Pakistan. ● M.A. Jinnah became the 1st Governor-General of Pakistan. ● India, however, decided to request Lord Mountbatten to continue. ● C Rajagopalachari Revolutionaries Revolutionary Movement q Emerged in 1st decade of 20th century in Bengal (Kolkata) & Maharashtra (Pune) q Anushilan Samiti, Sandhya, Yuganthar were the groups formed in Bengal & Mithra Mela, Abhinav Bharat were formed in Maharashtra Alipore Conspiracy Case ● Also called the Maniktala bomb conspiracy was the trial of a number of revolutionaries in Calcutta under charges of "Waging war against the Government" of the British Raj between May 1908 & May 1909.
    [Show full text]
  • Independence Day
    INDEPENDENCE DAY ‘Swaraj is my Birthright and I shall have it’- Bal Gangadhar Tilak India celebrates its Independence Day on 15th August every year. Independence Day reminds us of all the sacrifices that were made by our freedom fighters to make India free from British rule. On 15th August 1947, India was declared independent from British colonialism and became the largest democracy in the world. "Tryst with Destiny" was an English-language speech delivered by Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, to the Indian Constituent Assembly in the Parliament, on the eve of India's Independence, towards midnight on 14 August 1947. The speech spoke on the aspects that transcended Indian history. It is considered to be one of the greatest speeches of the 20th century and to be a landmark oration that captures the essence of the triumphant culmination of the Indian independence movement against British colonial rule in India. The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events with the ultimate aim of ending British rule in India. The movement spanned from 1857 to 1947. The first nationalistic revolutionary movement for Indian independence emerged from Bengal. It later took root in the newly formed Indian National Congress with prominent moderate leaders seeking only their fundamental right to appear for Indian Civil Service examinations in British India, as well as more rights (economical in nature) for the people of the soil. The early part of the 20th century saw a more radical approach towards political self-rule proposed by leaders such as the Lal Bal Pal triumvirate, Aurobindo Ghosh and V.
    [Show full text]
  • Rare– Day 8 Synopsis 2021
    RaRe– Day 8 Synopsis 2021 1.There has always been a debate whether freedom was seized by the Indians or power was transferred voluntarily by the British as an act of positive statesmanship. What are your views on this debate? Substantiate. Approach Candidates expected here to argue on both side of the debate with substantive views on issues and events in freedom struggle then in conclusion candidates can write how to save international image and under global pressure transferred power which was a right of Indians. Introduction British decision to quit was partly based on the non - governability of India in the 1940s is beyond doubt. It is difficult to argue that there was consistent policy of devolution of power, which came to its logical culmination in August 1947 through the granting of independence to India. Body • Colonial historiography always believed that Britain will devolve power to Indian subjects but Indians are not politically mature enough for self- government until 1947. • To substantiate their view, they give evidence of 1917 Montague declaration that gradual development of self-governing Institutions with a view to the progressive realisation of responsible governments in India remained objective of British rule in India. • Constitutional reforms after certain interval of time were again part of ultimate aim of self-government to India. • However, it is unliKely that British left India voluntarily in 1947 in pursuance of well-designed policy of decolonisation or that freedom was gift to the Indians. • Constitutional arrangements of 1919 and 1935 were meant to secure British hegemony over the Indian empire through consolidation of control over the central government rather than to make Indians masters of their own affairs.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume9 Issue11(5)
    Volume 9, Issue 11(5), November 2020 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research Published by Sucharitha Publications Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh – India Email: [email protected] Website: www.ijmer.in Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief Dr.K. Victor Babu Associate Professor, Institute of Education Mettu University, Metu, Ethiopia EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Prof. S. Mahendra Dev Prof. Igor Kondrashin Vice Chancellor The Member of The Russian Philosophical Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Society Research, Mumbai The Russian Humanist Society and Expert of The UNESCO, Moscow, Russia Prof.Y.C. Simhadri Vice Chancellor, Patna University Dr. Zoran Vujisiæ Former Director Rector Institute of Constitutional and Parliamentary St. Gregory Nazianzen Orthodox Institute Studies, New Delhi & Universidad Rural de Guatemala, GT, U.S.A Formerly Vice Chancellor of Benaras Hindu University, Andhra University Nagarjuna University, Patna University Prof.U.Shameem Department of Zoology Prof. (Dr.) Sohan Raj Tater Andhra University Visakhapatnam Former Vice Chancellor Singhania University, Rajasthan Dr. N.V.S.Suryanarayana Dept. of Education, A.U. Campus Prof.R.Siva Prasadh Vizianagaram IASE Andhra University - Visakhapatnam Dr. Kameswara Sharma YVR Asst. Professor Dr.V.Venkateswarlu Dept. of Zoology Assistant Professor Sri.Venkateswara College, Delhi University, Dept. of Sociology & Social Work Delhi Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur I Ketut Donder Prof. P.D.Satya Paul Depasar State Institute of Hindu Dharma Department of Anthropology Indonesia Andhra University – Visakhapatnam Prof. Roger Wiemers Prof. Josef HÖCHTL Professor of Education Department of Political Economy Lipscomb University, Nashville, USA University of Vienna, Vienna & Ex. Member of the Austrian Parliament Dr.Kattagani Ravinder Austria Lecturer in Political Science Govt. Degree College Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Modern India 1857-1972
    mathematics HEALTH ENGINEERING DESIGN MEDIA management GEOGRAPHY EDUCA E MUSIC C PHYSICS law O ART L agriculture O BIOTECHNOLOGY G Y LANGU CHEMISTRY TION history AGE M E C H A N I C S psychology Modern India (1857 – 1969) Subject: MODERN INDIA (1857 – 1969) Credits: 4 SYLLABUS Historical background – British rule and its legacies, National movement, Partition and Independence Origins and goals of the Indian National Congress, Formation of the Muslim League Roles played by Gandhi, Nehru, Jinnah and the British in the development of the Movement for independence Challenges faced by the Government of India, Making the Constitution, Political, Economic and Social developments from 1950-1990, The Nehru Years – challenges of modernization and diversity, Brief on Indira Gandhi Developments post-1990, Economic liberalization, Rise of sectarianism and caste based politics, Challenges to internal security Foreign Policy: post – Nehru years, Pakistan and Kashmir, Nuclear policy, China and the U. S. Suggested Readings: 1. Ramachandra Guha, Makers of Modern India, Belknap Press 2. Akash Kapur, India Becoming: A Portrait of Life in Modern India, Riverhead Hardcover 3. Bipin Chandra, History Of Modern India, Orient Blackswan 4. Barbara D. Metcalf, Thomas R. Metcalf, A Concise History of Modern India, Cambridge University Press CHAPTER 1 IMPERIALISM, COLONIALISM AND NATIONALISM STRUCTURE Learning objectives Imperialism and colonialism: A theoretical perspective Imperialism: Its effects The rise of national consciousness The revolt of 1857 Colonialism:
    [Show full text]
  • Calcutta & West Bengal, 1950S
    People, Politics and Protests I Calcutta & West Bengal, 1950s – 1960s Sucharita Sengupta & Paula Banerjee Anwesha Sengupta 2016 1. Refugee Movement: Another Aspect of Popular Movements in West Bengal in the 1950s and 1960s Sucharita Sengupta & Paula Banerjee 1 2. Tram Movement and Teachers’ Movement in Calcutta: 1953-1954 Anwesha Sengupta 25 Refugee Movement: Another Aspect of Popular Movements in West Bengal in the 1950s and 1960s ∗ Sucharita Sengupta & Paula Banerjee Introduction By now it is common knowledge how Indian independence was born out of partition that displaced 15 million people. In West Bengal alone 30 lakh refugees entered until 1960. In the 1970s the number of people entering from the east was closer to a few million. Lived experiences of partition refugees came to us in bits and pieces. In the last sixteen years however there is a burgeoning literature on the partition refugees in West Bengal. The literature on refugees followed a familiar terrain and set some patterns that might be interesting to explore. We will endeavour to explain through broad sketches how the narratives evolved. To begin with we were given the literature of victimhood in which the refugees were portrayed only as victims. It cannot be denied that in large parts these refugees were victims but by fixing their identities as victims these authors lost much of the richness of refugee experience because even as victims the refugee identity was never fixed as these refugees, even in the worst of times, constantly tried to negotiate with powers that be and strengthen their own agency. But by fixing their identities as victims and not problematising that victimhood the refugees were for a long time displaced from the centre stage of their own experiences and made “marginal” to their narratives.
    [Show full text]
  • Society for the Visually Handicapped
    SOCIETY FOR THE VISUALLY HANDICAPPED 1983-2016 Annual Report 01 April 2015 – 31 March 2016 Report compiled & written by Hena Basu Cover photo: Bhulu Das Released by Dibyendu Mitra, President, on behalf of the Society for the Visually Handicapped, 12 Dover Road, Kolkata 700019 For Private Circulation only 2016 [Prior permission should be taken for use of any information or photograph presented in this publication] Our deep appreciation for Commissioner, office of the Commission for Persons with Disabilities, Directorate of Social welfare, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata Directorate of Library Service, Library Ministry & the Librarian & staff of the State Central Library West Bengal, Kolkata Department of Mass Education Extension, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata State Project Director, Sarva Sikhsha Mission (SSM) & Department of School Education, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata Department of Posts, Government of India and the staff of Ballygunge, Belgachia & Kankurgachi Post Offices, Kolkata Trustees of the Maharashtra Nivas & Maharashtra Mandal, Hazra Road, Kolkata M/S D P Kar Ray & Co, Chartered Accountants M/S S K Bandyopadhyay & Co Pvt Ltd, Chartered Accountants Division for the Blind & Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress, Washington DC, USA Volunteers, well-wishers, Friends & Donors And The Hans Foundation, New Delhi Contents Secretary speaks 5 Mission-Vision-Core-values of SVH 6 Brief about the Organization 7-8 Profile of SVH 9-11 Our People (Team SVH) 11-17 Our Valued Donors 17-19 Map of West Bengal 20
    [Show full text]
  • India Prelims Test Series (AIPTS) Test 29 HISTORY FULL
    IASbaba’s 60 DAY PLAN 2021 UPSC HISTORY [DAY 16] 2021 Q.1) The following statement is related to which of the following great personalities of India. "The Montford Reforms ….were only a method of further draining India of her wealth and of prolonging her servitude". a) M. K. Gandhi b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale c) Jawaharlal Nehru d) Madan Mohan Malyiya Q.1) Solution (a) "The Montford Reforms ….were only a method of further draining India of her wealth and of prolonging her servitude" – This statement was given by Mahatma Gandhi. Q.2) British government organized three conferences between 1930 and 1932 as per 1930 report of Simon Commission, in order to – a) Chart out a long-term economic plan for India b) Review major trade and investment policies of the British in India c) Educational and Social Reforms d) Discuss constitutional reforms in India Q.2) Solution (d) Third Round Table Conference was last among the three such conferences organized between 1930 and 1932 by British government towards constitutional reforms in India. These conferences were conducted as per 1930 report of Simon Commission. Third Round Table Conference was held in London on November 17, 1932. This was just a nominal conference, Congress refused to attend it (not invited, in fact) and in Britain, the Labor party also refused to not to attend it. Q.3) Arrange the below according to its correct chronological order 1. Kakori Robbery 2. Chittagong Armoury Raid www.iasbaba.com Contact: 91691 91888 Page 1 IASbaba’s 60 DAY PLAN 2021 UPSC HISTORY [DAY 16] 2021 3.
    [Show full text]
  • India's Struggle for Independence 1857-1947
    INDIA’S STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE 1857-1947 BIPAN CHANDRA MRIDULA MUKHERJEE ADITYA MUKHERJEE K N PANIKKAR SUCHETA MAHAJAN Penguin Books CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1. THE FIRST MAJOR CHALLENGE: THE REVOLT OF 1857 2. CIVIL REBELLIONS AND TRIBAL UPRISINGS 3. PEASANT MOVEMENTS AND UPRISINGS AFTER 1857 4. FOUNDATION OF THE CONGRESS: THE MYTH 5. FOUNDATION OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS: THE REALITY 6. SOCIO-RELIGIOUS REFORMS AND THE NATIONAL AWAKENING 7. AN ECONOMIC CRITIQUE OF COLONIALISM 8. THE FIGHT TO SECURE PRESS FREEDOM 9. PROPAGANDA IN THE LEGISLATURES 10. THE SWADESHI MOVEMENT— 1903-08 11. THE SPLIT IN THE CONGRESS AND THE RISE OF REVOLUTIONARY TERRORISM 12. WORLD WAR I AND INDIAN NATIONALISM: THE GHADAR 13. THE HOME RULE MOVEMENT AND ITS FALLOUT 14. GANDHIJI‘S EARLY CAREER AND ACTIVISM 15. THE NON-COOPERATION MOVEMENT— 1920-22 16. PEASANT MOVEMENTS AND NATIONALISM IN THE 1920’S 17. THE INDIAN WORKING CLASS AND THE NATIONAL MOVEMENT 18. THE STRUGGLES FOR GURDWARA REFORM AND TEMPLE ENTRY 19. THE YEARS OF STAGNATION — SWARAJISTS, NO-CHANGERS AND GANDHIJI 20. BHAGAT SINGH, SURYA SEN AND THE REVOLUTIONARY TERRORISTS 21. THE GATHERING STORM — 1927-29 22. CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE— 1930-31 23. FROM KARACHI TO WARDHA: THE YEARS FROM 1932-34 24. THE RISE OF THE LEFT-WING 25. THE STRATEGIC DEBATE 1935-37 26. TWENTY-EIGHT MONTHS OF CONGRESS RULE 27. PEASANT MOVEMENTS IN THE 1930s AND ‘40s 28. THE FREEDOM STRUGGLE IN PRINCELY INDIA 29. INDIAN CAPITALISTS AND THE NATIONAL MOVEMENT 30. THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NATIONALIST FOREIGN POLICY 31. THE RISE AND GROWTH OF COMMUNALISM 32.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 HISTORY Time
    Flash Education 2019 HISTORY Time - Three Hours Fifteen Minutes (First fifteen minutes for reading the question paper only) Full Marks - 90 (For Regular and Sightless Regular Candidates) Full Marks - 100 (For External and sightless External Candidates) Special credits will be given for answers which are brief and to the point. Marks will be deducted for spelling mistakes, untidiness and bad handwriting. Group - A 1. Choose the correct option : [1 x 20 = 20] 1.1 Mohan Bagan Club won the I.F.A. Shield in the year - (a) 1890 A.D. (b) 1905 A.D. (c) 1911 A.D. (d) 1917 A.D. 1.2 Dadasaheb Phalke was associated with - (a) Films (b) Sports (c) Local History (d) Environmental History 1.3 The 'Grambarta Prakashika' was published from - (a) Jessore (b) Ranaghat (c) Kusthia (d) Barasat 1.4 The first B.A. Examination of Calcutta University was held in - (a) 1857 A.D. (b) 1858 A.D. (c) 1859 A.D. (d) 1860 A.D. 1 Flash Education 1.5 The first Principal of Calcutta Medical College was - (a) Dr. M. J. Bramley (b) Dr. H. H. Goodeve (c) Dr. N. Wallich (d) Dr. J. Grant 1.6 Titu Mir's real name was - (a) Chirag Ali (b) Hyder Ali (c) Mir Nisar Ali (d) Torap Ali. 1.7 One of the leaders of Sannyasi-Fakir rebellion was (a) Rani Karnabati (b) Rani Shiromoni (c) Debi Chaudhurani (d) Rani Durgabati 1.8 The song “Bande Mataram" was composed in the year - (a) 1870 A.D. (b) 1872 A.D. (c) 1875 A.D.
    [Show full text]