AN INVERTEBRATE SURVEY OF ROSSINGTON COLLIERY

Dr. Mark G. Telfer

June 2011 version 2: 14th July 2011

This report was produced for SKM Enviros.

Dr. Mark G. Telfer 10, Northall Road Eaton Bray DUNSTABLE Bedfordshire LU6 2DQ

[email protected]

Cover illustration: A view of Rossington Colliery.

2 Contents

0. Summary ...... 5

1. Introduction and Methods ...... 5

2. Results ...... 8

2.1. Key Species ...... 9

Conostethus venustus (: Heteroptera) a mirid bug, RDBK ...... 10

Rhinocyllus conicus (Coleoptera) a , Nationally Scarce (Na) ...... 11

Agrilus laticornis (Coleoptera) a jewel-, Nationally Scarce (Nb) ...... 11

Magdalis cerasi (Coleoptera) a weevil, Nationally Scarce (Nb) ...... 11

Orthochaetes setiger (Coleoptera) a weevil, Nationally Scarce (Nb) ...... 12

Heterocerus marginatus (Coleoptera) a variegated mud-loving beetle, Nationally Scarce ...... 13

2.2. BAP species ...... 13

Coenonympha pamphilus (Lepidoptera) Small Heath, BAP (research only) ...... 13

Tyria jacobaeae (Lepidoptera) Cinnabar, BAP (research only) ...... 13

2.3. BAP species searched for but NOT found ...... 13

Erynnis tages (Lepidoptera) Dingy Skipper, BAP (NOT found) ...... 13

3. Site Evaluation ...... 14

4. Key Habitats and Habitat Features ...... 15

4.1. Woodland ...... 15

4.2. Ditches ...... 16

5. Recommendations and Mitigation ...... 17

5.1. Woodland ...... 17

5.2. Ditches ...... 17

6. Acknowledgements ...... 18

7. References ...... 18

Appendix 1: British conservation status categories – definitions...... 20

3 Appendix 2: List of invertebrates recorded at Rossington Colliery in 2011 by Mark G. Telfer...... 22

4 0. Summary

• An invertebrate assessment of Rossington Colliery was carried out based on three survey visits in May and June 2011.

• Of the 288 species of invertebrate recorded by this survey, six (2.1%) have a Red Data Book or Nationally Scarce conservation status or merit such a status.

• Two BAP Priority invertebrates were recorded (Small Heath butterfly Coenonympha pamphilus and Cinnabar moth Tyria jacobaeae). Both are listed as requiring research action rather than action to protect and maintain individual sites.

• Doncaster Metropolitan Borough Council specifically requested the inclusion of Dingy Skipper Erynnis tages in the invertebrate survey of the site. Survey was carried out for this species but it was not found and there is strong evidence that it was absent.

• The overall assessment is that the site is of low conservation importance for invertebrates in a national context.

• The woodland fringing the eastern and southern flanks of the spoil-heap is of county importance for invertebrates. Retention was recommended and the key area of mature woodland has been excluded from the area to be affected by the proposed development.

• The ditch which runs on a north-south axis on the eastern side of the railway track is of local importance for invertebrates. This ditch will be retained and measures are proposed to minimise indirect impacts upon it.

1. Introduction and Methods

The site lies on the western edge of Rossington, south of Doncaster, centred at about SK 601 980 in South Yorkshire. The core of the study area comprises rather bare colliery spoil left by the former Rossington Colliery with little vegetation, showing as a grey area on the aerial photograph (Map 1). There are areas of grassland, scrub and woodland on the flanks and surrounds of the spoil-heap. The southern part of the survey area is arable farmland. There are some areas of herb-rich, sparsely-vegetated and disturbed ground on the site, notably on the south-eastern and eastern flanks of the spoil-heap and in the northern part of the site, north of the entrance road. Wetland habitats on site include the ditch which runs along the eastern edge of the survey area, through the woodland, and a ditch which runs along the eastern side of the railway track. There are also ephemeral seepage habitats on the flanks of the colliery spoil including some with apparently brackish water.

It is proposed to recover coal from the spoil-heap, to transport the coal via the existing rail track to the north, and to restore the site to woodland and grassland, including public access.

5

Map 1: The survey area, delimited in magenta. Subsequent to the fieldwork phase of the survey, the boundaries of the area to be affected by the proposed development were revised and are shown delimited in red. Holmes Carr Great Wood and the “Woodland Triangle” are indicated as these areas are referred to later in the report.

This survey was commissioned because the site was considered to contain potentially valuable habitats for invertebrates. It was previously the subject of an eco-town proposal but any invertebrate survey conducted in relation to that proposal has not been seen by the current author. Thus an entomological survey was commissioned in 2011 to assess the value of the site for invertebrates. One specific requirement of Doncaster Metropolitan Borough Council (MBC) was to include Dingy Skipper Erynnis tages in the survey work.

6 The survey aimed to:

• assess the potential of the site for invertebrates by visual assessment of the habitats, taking digital photographs to support these observations, and

• assess the actual quality of the site by sampling invertebrates, and

• survey for Dingy Skipper Erynnis tages.

The survey has been conducted with regard to English Nature (now Natural England) guidance (Anon., 2005) and the guidance contained in Drake et al. (2007). This report is based on three survey visits on 19th May, 3rd June and 9th June 2011. Invertebrates were recorded using a range of techniques (Table 1).

Table 1: Techniques employed on this survey to record invertebrates, and their target groups and target habitats.

Technique Target groups Target habitats

Yellow pan trapping. Bees, wasps (aculeate Foci of bee and wasp Hymenoptera) and flies (Diptera). activity such as nesting sites or flower-rich foraging patches.

Grubbing at ground A wide range of ground-living All habitats, especially level, turning over logs invertebrates, particularly bare and sparsely- and stones, etc. (Coleoptera), bugs (Heteroptera), vegetated ground. ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) woodlice (Isopoda) and molluscs.

Sieving. A useful supplement to grubbing Grassland and wetland in denser vegetation. Handfuls of vegetation. vegetation are sieved over a tray to reveal a range of beetles, bugs and other ground-living invertebrates.

Sweep-netting. Solitary bees and wasps; beetles All vegetated habitats, and bugs in grassland vegetation. paying particular attention to nectar and pollen sources.

Beating. Beetles and bugs on the branches, Scrub and trees. flowers and foliage of shrubs and trees.

Pond-netting. Aquatic beetles and bugs. Ditches.

7 Technique Target groups Target habitats

Direct observation. Bees, wasps, flies, butterflies, All habitats, paying grasshoppers and crickets particular attention to (Orthoptera), etc. nectar and pollen sources.

The weather on 19th May 2011 was warm (forecast maximum 17 °C) and dry, with 3/8 cloud, frequent sunny intervals and a Moderate Breeze (Force 4). 3rd June was a hot (forecast maximum 24 °C), dry and cloudless day with just a Light Wind (Force 2). 9th June was cloudier (6/8), cooler (forecast maximum 16 °C) and windier with a Fresh Breeze (Force 5) but also dry. All three survey visits were thus made in very good or excellent conditions for entomological survey.

Where practical, invertebrates were identified in the field but, wherever the slightest doubt existed, one or more specimens were collected for more detailed scrutiny. To achieve rigorously accurate identifications, specimens were identified using the author’s own library and entomological collections. Selected specimens have been retained in the author’s personal collection as vouchers.

2. Results

The survey identified 288 species of invertebrate (Appendix 2), including representatives of the following groups: woodlice, spiders, millipedes, dragonflies, earwigs, grasshoppers, froghoppers, leafhoppers, bugs, beetles, ants, bees, wasps, flies, butterflies, moths and snails. There was a concentration of effort on beetles with 157 species recorded, 55% of the total species list.

A system of conservation statuses has been in use since the British Red Data Book for was published (Shirt, 1987), amended and supplemented by a series of Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Nature Conservation reviews. By this system, the rarest and most threatened species are given one of the Red Data Book (RDB) statuses. Species which do not qualify as RDB but are nonetheless uncommon are given one of the Nationally Scarce statuses. The status categories and criteria relevant to this report are defined in Appendix 1.

Amongst the 288 species recorded by this survey, six (2.1%) have a Red Data Book or Nationally Scarce conservation status or are regarded here as of equivalent conservation importance (Table 1). These rare and scarce species are discussed further below under the heading ‘Key Species’.

8 Table 1: The ‘Key Species’ recorded by this survey.

Order Family Species (scientific Species (English Conservation Status name) name)

Hemiptera: Miridae Conostethus venustus a mirid bug RDBK (Insufficiently Heteroptera Known)

Coleoptera Curculionidae Rhinocyllus conicus a weevil Nationally Scarce (Na)

Coleoptera Buprestidae Agrilus laticornis a jewel-beetle Nationally Scarce (Nb)

Coleoptera Curculionidae Magdalis cerasi a weevil Nationally Scarce (Nb)

Coleoptera Curculionidae Orthochaetes setiger a weevil Nationally Scarce (Nb)

Coleoptera Heteroceridae Heterocerus a variegated mud- Nationally Scarce marginatus loving beetle

Two UK Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) Priority species were found by this survey (Table 2). Both are Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) which are still widespread and common, though declining. Both have been added to Section 41 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 which lists species “of principal importance for the purpose of conserving biodiversity”. Further information about these species is provided in Section 2.2. below.

Table 2: The BAP species recorded by this survey.

Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status

Lepidoptera Satyridae Coenonympha pamphilus Small Heath BAP (research only)

Lepidoptera Arctiidae Tyria jacobaeae Cinnabar BAP (research only)

2.1. Key Species

For the Key Species found by this survey, a short account is provided, describing the ecology and distribution of the species in Britain. These accounts make frequent reference to “vice-counties”: a fixed set of 112 areas covering the whole of Britain which have been used by biological recorders since 1852 (see box). Rossington Colliery is in the vice-county (VC) of South-west Yorkshire (VC 63). Details are also provided of the occurrence of each species during the current survey, i.e. during the author’s survey of Rossington Colliery in 2011.

9 Vice-counties are subdivisions of Great Britain used largely for the purposes of biological recording and other scientific data-gathering.1

The vice-counties are based on the ancient counties of Britain, but often subdividing these boundaries to create smaller, more uniform units, and considering exclaves to be part of the vice-county in which they locally lie. They provide a stable basis for recording using similarly-sized units, and, although grid-based recording has grown in popularity, they remain a standard in the vast majority of ecological surveys, allowing data collected over long periods of time to be compared easily.

The vice-counties were introduced by Hewett Cottrell Watson who first used them in the third volume of his Cybele Britannica published in 1852. He refined the system in later volumes. The vice-counties remain unchanged by subsequent local government reorganisations, allowing historical and modern data to be more accurately compared.

Every vice-county in Britain has a name, and additionally, they are numbered from 1 to 112.

Conostethus venustus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) a mirid bug, RDBK Jim Flanagan discovered this bug new to Britain in late May 2010 at Centenary Park, Rotherham, a brownfield site in SW Yorkshire (VC 63) (Nau, 2010). He swept it in numbers from ‘mayweed’ (Matricaria/ Tripleurospermum). Its appearance in Britain appears to be a continuation of a natural range expansion northwards from the Mediterranean, having spread northwards in recent years on the Atlantic coast of France, reaching The Low Countries and Germany. Later in 2010, Jim Flanagan found C. venustus at two more sites in VC 63 and Michael Talbot found it on a brownfield site in the city of Lincoln.

As a recent addition to the British fauna, this bug has no official conservation status. However, based on current knowledge, it appears to have a very restricted distribution in Britain and is best treated as of Insufficiently Known (RDBK) status (see Appendix 1). Recently established invertebrates often undergo rapid range expansions to occupy suitable habitat throughout the country but it remains to be seen whether C. venustus will become commoner.

On the current survey, two were found by sweeping pond-sedge at SK 60553 97994 at the edge of the ditch (Fig. 1) in the clearing along the power lines through woodland on 19th May.

1 This text box is a lightly edited version of the Wikipedia webpage: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watsonian_vice-counties

10

Fig. 1: Conostethus venustus was swept from the pond-sedges at the edge of the ditch and Rhinocyllus conicus from the Creeping Thistles in the ride to the right.

Rhinocyllus conicus (Coleoptera) a weevil, Nationally Scarce (Na) This distinctive weevil feeds on thistles in open and disturbed places, usually on the coast, utilising a range of species. Until relatively recently, it was restricted to the south coast of England from West Cornwall to East Kent but a limited range expansion into inland sites has been reported in recent years including Worcestershire (VC 37) (Sage, 2005; Meiklejohn, 2005), Berkshire (VC 22) (Twinn, 2006; personal observations, 2009) and inland Dorset (VC 9) (Denton, 2007).

On the current survey, two were swept from Creeping Thistle Cirsium repens in the clearing along the power lines through woodland in SK 60 98 on 19th May (Fig. 1). This appears to be the first record for Yorkshire and the most northerly British record by over 100 km (see NBN Gateway map).

Agrilus laticornis (Coleoptera) a jewel-beetle, Nationally Scarce (Nb) Larvae develop beneath the sappy bark of dying and freshly dead branch-wood of oaks. The species is widely distributed across the central and eastern parts of southern Britain but largely absent from the west.

On the current survey, five individuals were found by beating oak branches and sweeping below oaks at SK 603 976 (Fig. 3) on 9th June.

Magdalis cerasi (Coleoptera) a weevil, Nationally Scarce (Nb) A medium-sized black weevil of fairly distinctive appearance. It is an arboreal species occurring in woodland, scrub and hedgerows. It is usually found on oak but also recorded from rosaceous trees and shrubs including blackthorn, hawthorn, pear, apple and rowan. The larvae feed internally within dead or dying twigs and small branches.

11 This species is widely distributed in England but is very scattered, especially so in northern England (Hyman & Parsons, 1992) where it extends to north-east Yorkshire (Morris, 2002). It is very local and perhaps declining in Yorkshire, with only four records between 1991 and 2008, three from the Doncaster area and one from the Huddersfield area (Bob Marsh, pers. comm.; Telfer, 2008; personal observations, 2008).

On the current survey, one was captured in flight in the clearing along the power lines through woodland in SK 60 98 (Fig. 1) on 19th May.

Orthochaetes setiger (Coleoptera) a weevil, Nationally Scarce (Nb) A smallish, slow-moving and very unobtrusive weevil, spending most of its time at ground level but occasionally found by sweeping, perhaps especially at night. It is a phytophagous (i.e. plant-feeding) species thought to feed on a wide variety of plants. It has been recorded from a range of habitats: sand dunes, sandy and calcareous grasslands, coastal shingle and disturbed ground in sand quarries, brick pits and railway sidings. It is widespread but very scattered in England, particularly in the south, though it has been recorded from as far north as southern Scotland (Hyman and Parsons, 1992). The recent more widespread use of suction-sampling has established that this weevil is much commoner than previously thought (Morris, 2002).

Fig. 2: Orthochaetes setiger was found in this habitat on the south-eastern flank of the spoil-heap.

On the current survey, one was found by hand-searching under plant rosettes on the south-east-facing slope of the spoil heap in SK 60 97 (Fig. 2) on 9th June.

12 Heterocerus marginatus (Coleoptera) a variegated mud-loving beetle, Nationally Scarce The Heteroceridae is a small and distinctive family of beetles living in wet, but not saturated, sediments at the margins of water, in seepages or ephemeral ponds. They live in colonies making burrows in the sediment, just below the surface, and probably feed on organic material in the substrate. Clarke (1973) described the habitat of H. marginatus as “beside fresh-water rivers, streams, ponds, etc.” and stated that it had been recorded from “most counties of England south of Yorkshire”. Foster (2010) listed this species as Nationally Scarce.

On the current survey, two males were found in the muddy sections of ditch in the north of the colliery (SK 60 98) (Fig. 4) on 3rd June.

2.2. BAP species

Coenonympha pamphilus (Lepidoptera) Small Heath, BAP (research only) A rather small grassland butterfly with orange and brown markings. The Small Heath is one of the most widely distributed butterflies in Britain, with records from the vast majority of 10-km squares. It inhabits grassland, favouring shorter swards of fine- leaved grasses on well-drained soils. The caterpillars feed on a variety of grasses including fescues Festuca, meadow-grasses Poa and bents Agrostis (Asher et al., 2001). Although its range has remained stable, many colonies have died out and the abundance of this butterfly at monitored sites has declined over recent decades. This has triggered concern for the future of this species and it has been added to the BAP Priority Species list, but only for further research.

On the current survey, Small Heath adults were noted widely on all three visits.

Tyria jacobaeae (Lepidoptera) Cinnabar, BAP (research only) A common moth occurring throughout most of England and Wales though becoming more local and coastal into northern England and Scotland. The black-and-scarlet adults are as distinctive as the black-and-orange ringed caterpillars, feeding mainly on common ragwort Senecio jacobaea. The addition of this species to the BAP list appears to be on the basis of a substantial national decline. Action for this species should take place through research programmes, national agricultural and forestry schemes, and national monitoring but will not emphasise site protection at the local level.

On the current survey, Cinnabars were noted commonly on all three visits in grassland areas, and were very common on the south-east- and east-facing slopes of the spoil mound (e.g. Fig. 2).

2.3. BAP species searched for but NOT found

Erynnis tages (Lepidoptera) Dingy Skipper, BAP (NOT found) This butterfly occurs in a wide range of habitats which support its usual foodplant, common bird’s-foot-trefoil Lotus corniculatus. Habitats include downland, coastal cliffs and grassland, and disturbed sites such as verges, sidings and post-industrial sites. Ideal conditions occur where there is a good population of the host plant, growing in a sparse sward, often including some bare ground, and in a sunny,

13 sheltered microclimate. Colonies tend to be small and very restricted (Asher et al., 2001).

Targeted searching for Dingy Skipper was a specific requirement of this survey. This was carried out by walkover methods on all three visits, seeking suitable patches of common bird’s-foot-trefoil and looking for adult butterflies. No Dingy Skippers were seen despite all visits being made in good or excellent weather conditions within the flight season, and despite using search techniques with which the author successfully found Dingy Skipper at a site in Derbyshire on 17th May and 2nd June 2011. This provides strong evidence that Dingy Skipper was absent from Rossington Colliery. Furthermore, though common bird’s-foot-trefoil is present at Rossington Colliery, none of the patches found was judged to be large, lush or sheltered enough to be good habitat for Dingy Skipper.

3. Site Evaluation

Three days of survey at Rossington Colliery recorded 288 species. The long list of species reflects several factors, including the very good weather on all three visits, as well as the large size and habitat diversity of the site. Nevertheless, it should be recognised that a survey such as this cannot find all the species occurring at a site but rather aims to do enough sampling to be able to produce a robust assessment of the site’s importance for invertebrates. It is considered that the samples generated by the current survey are sufficient for a robust assessment.

For a general site assessment, the percentage of Red Data Book or Nationally Scarce species is a useful guide to the overall quality of the site for invertebrates, in comparison to other sites surveyed using similar techniques. Of the 288 species found by this survey, six (2.1%) have a Red Data Book or Nationally Scarce conservation status or are regarded here as of equivalent conservation importance. A figure of 2.1% is low, well below average for a site proposed for development, and indicative of a site of low conservation importance for invertebrates in a national context.

The information necessary to assess the importance of sites in a county or regional context is often more difficult to access and to interpret. In the case of Rossington Colliery, it has some importance as one of only five known British sites for the newly established bug Conostethus venustus, the only Yorkshire site for Rhinocyllus conicus and one of only five recent Yorkshire sites for the weevil Magdalis cerasi.

The results of this survey suggest that Rossington Colliery is a site of county importance for invertebrate conservation overall. There are some features of the site as surveyed which support concentrations of invertebrates of conservation importance and merit mitigation on that basis. These are described in the following section as Key Habitats and Habitat Features. However, it should be noted that these Key Habitats and Habitat Features now lie largely outside of the area to be affected by the proposed development (the red boundary on Map 1).

14 4. Key Habitats and Habitat Features

This section details only those features of the survey area which support species or assemblages of particular importance, and for which mitigation could be carried out.

4.1. Woodland

The most important habitat for invertebrates at Rossington Colliery is the woodland fringing the eastern and southern flanks of the spoil-heap, being a small part of Holmes Carr Great Wood. Two of the Key Species breed in trees: the jewel beetle Agrilus laticornis and the weevil Magdalis cerasi. Two of the other Key Species (the bug Conostethus venustus and the weevil Rhinocyllus conicus) were found in the herb-layer of the woodland ride on the eastern boundary of the survey area. Amongst the remaining species, the Oak Leaf-roller Attelabus nitens, on oak trees, and the Lunar Hornet Moth Sesia bembeciformis, on sallows, were both present in this woodland. Both are uncommon nationally and of scattered occurrence. This woodland appears to be of county importance for invertebrates.

The removal of the Woodland Triangle (see Map 1) from the area to be affected by the proposed development has prevented any direct impact on what appeared to be the most important area of woodland for invertebrates on the current survey.

Fig. 3: The Woodland Triangle at SK 603 976 yielded the jewel beetle Agrilus laticornis and the Oak Leaf-roller Attelabus nitens and is no longer to be affected by the proposed development.

15 4.2. Ditches

Wetlands are amongst the richest habitats for invertebrates and the wetland habitat at Rossington Colliery was no exception. Only one Key Species was found in this habitat, the variegated mud-loving beetle Heterocerus marginatus, a species recently elevated to Nationally Scarce status (Foster, 2010). However, several uncommon species were recorded including four water beetles which were regarded as Nationally Scarce (Nb) until downgraded by Foster (2010): Haliplus heydeni, Haliplus laminatus, griseus and Berosus signaticollis. Also uncommon are the ground beetles Chlaenius vestitus and Acupalpus parvulus, and the rove-beetle Bledius gallicus (the form with red wing-cases). All these species of interest were found only in the ditch which runs on a north-south axis on the eastern side of the railway track. The ditch provided a variety of habitats including recently exposed mud (Fig. 4) with H. marginatus and others, and sections with standing water (Fig. 5) supporting a range of water beetles. The sandy exposures in the banks of the ditch (e.g. Fig. 4) also supported a range of nesting bees and wasps. This section of ditch is of local importance for invertebrates.

This ditch has subsequently been excluded from the area to be affected by the proposed development (the red boundary in Map 1) and measures are proposed to maintain current hydrology and minimise sediment input.

Fig. 4: Exposed mud in the ditch on the eastern side of the railway track. Note also the nesting habitat for bees and wasps in the bank.

16

Fig. 5: Standing water in the same ditch.

5. Recommendations and Mitigation

5.1. Woodland

The woodland fringing the eastern and southern flanks of the spoil-heap was assessed to be of county importance for invertebrates, with the Woodland Triangle of mature oak woodland at SK 603 976 (Fig. 3) being of particular importance.

It was initially recommended that this area be retained in the proposed development and that indirect impacts upon the woodland be minimised. Now that the Woodland Triangle has been excluded from the footprint of the proposed development, the residual potential impacts on woodland invertebrates at Rossington Colliery are of much lesser importance.

5.2. Ditches

The ditch which runs on a north-south axis on the eastern side of the railway track (northwards from the bridge over the access road at SK 6032 9847 to the angle in the ditch at SK 6040 9893) was assessed to be of local importance for invertebrates.

It was initially recommended that, if possible, this ditch be retained in the proposed development, and that if it could be retained, measures should be taken to minimise changes in hydrology and in the sediment load of the water input. Now that this ditch has been excluded from the footprint of the proposed development, with proposals to maintain current hydrology and minimise sediment input, the residual potential impacts on ditch invertebrates at Rossington Colliery are negligible.

17 6. Acknowledgements

I would like to thank Marc Jackson for arranging this survey, Simon Myers for helpful discussions and Nigel Colley for access. Simon Myers and Dave Sellwood provided detailed and valuable comments on the first version of this report.

7. References

Anon. (2005). Organising surveys to determine site quality for invertebrates: a framework guide for ecologists. Peterborough: English Nature.

Asher, J., Warren, M., Fox, R., Harding, P., Jeffcoate, G. and Jeffcoate, S. (2001). The millennium atlas of butterflies in Britain and Ireland. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Clarke, R.O.S. (1973). Coleoptera, Heteroceridae. Handbooks for the identification of British insects, vol.5, part 2 (c). London: Royal Entomological Society.

Denton, J. (2007). Records of Coleoptera from southern England in 2006. The Coleopterist, 16, 3 – 4.

Drake, C.M., Lott, D.A., Alexander, K.N.A. and Webb, J. (2007). Surveying terrestrial and freshwater invertebrates for conservation evaluation. Natural England Research Report NERR005. Sheffield: Natural England.

Foster, G.N. (2010). A review of the scarce and threatened Coleoptera of Great Britain, Part 3: Water beetles of Great Britain. Species Status number 1. Peterborough: Joint Nature Conservation Committee.

Hyman, P.S. (revised Parsons, M.S.) (1992). A review of the scarce and threatened Coleoptera of Great Britain. Part 1. U.K. Nature Conservation: 3. Peterborough: Joint Nature Conservation Committee.

Meiklejohn, J. (2005). Inland records of Rhinocyllus conicus (Frohlich) (Curculionidae). The Coleopterist, 14, 114 - 115.

Morris, M.G. (2002). True (part 1). Coleoptera: Curculionidae (subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae). Handbooks for the identification of British insects, vol. 5, part 17b. London: Royal Entomological Society.

Nau, B. (2010). A lygaeid and two mirids new to Britain. Het News, 15 (Spring 2010), 1.

Sage, B. (2005). An inland record of Rhinocyllus conicus (Frohlich) (Curculionidae). The Coleopterist, 14, 64.

Shirt, D.B. (ed.) (1987). British Red Data Books: 2. Insects. Peterborough: Nature Conservancy Council.

Telfer, M.G. (2008). Invertebrate survey of Wheatley Hall Road site, Doncaster. Unpublished 20 p. survey report to Baker Shepherd Gillespie.

18 Twinn, D.C. (2006). A further inland record of Rhinocyllus conicus (Frohlich) (Curculionidae). The Coleopterist, 15, 97.

19 Appendix 1: British conservation status categories – definitions.

These status categories and criteria were introduced for British insects by Shirt (1987) and received some modifications by later authors (e.g. Hyman and Parsons (1992)).

Red Data Book category 1, Endangered

Definition Species in danger of extinction and whose survival is unlikely if causal factors continue to operate. Endangered species either (a) occur as only a single population within one 10-km square, or (b) only occur in especially vulnerable habitats, or (c) have been declining rapidly or continuously for twenty years or more to the point where they occur in five or fewer 10-km squares, or (d) may already have become extinct.

Red Data Book category 2, Vulnerable

Definition Species which are likely to move into the Endangered category in the near future if causal factors continue to operate. Vulnerable species are declining throughout their range or occupy vulnerable habitats.

Red Data Book category 3, Rare

Definition Species which occur in small populations and, although not currently either Endangered or Vulnerable, are at risk. Rare species exist in 15 or fewer 10-km squares, or are more widespread than this but dependent on small areas of especially vulnerable habitat.

Red Data Book category I, Indeterminate

Note: Best written as ‘RDBi’ rather than ‘RDBI’ as the latter is easily confused with ‘RDB1’ (Endangered).

Definition Species considered to be either Endangered, Vulnerable or Rare but with insufficient information to say which.

Red Data Book category K, Insufficiently Known

Definition Species suspected to merit either Endangered, Vulnerable, Rare or Indeterminate status but lacking sufficient information. Species included in this category may have only recently been discovered in Britain, or may be very poorly recorded for a variety of reasons.

Nationally Scarce Category A, Na.

Definition Species which do not fall within Red Data Book categories but which are nonetheless uncommon in Great Britain and thought to occur in 30 or fewer (typically between 16 and 30) 10-km squares of the National Grid, or for less well-recorded groups, in seven or fewer vice-counties.

20 Nationally Scarce Category B, Nb.

Definition Species which do not fall within Red Data Book categories but which are nonetheless uncommon in Great Britain and thought to occur in between 31 and 100 10-km squares of the National Grid, or for less well-recorded groups, between eight and twenty vice-counties.

Nationally Scarce, N.

Definition Species which do not fall within Red Data Book categories but which are nonetheless uncommon in Great Britain. This status category has been used where information has not been sufficient to allocate a species to either Na or Nb. These species are thought to occur in between 16 and 100 10-km squares of the National Grid.

21 Appendix 2: List of invertebrates recorded at Rossington Colliery in 2011 by Mark G. Telfer.

The Key Species and BAP species are listed in red text.

Full details of all records generated by this project are held in a computer database by the author which may be consulted if required to provide further information such as localities, grid references, dates, recorders, determiners, sampling methods, quantity, sex and life-stage.

Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Malacostraca Isopoda Philosciidae Philoscia muscorum Common Striped Woodlouse None Malacostraca Isopoda Oniscidae Oniscus asellus Common Shiny Woodlouse None Malacostraca Isopoda Armadillidiidae Armadillidium nasatum a pill-woodlouse None Malacostraca Isopoda Armadillidiidae Armadillidium vulgare Common Pill-woodlouse None Malacostraca Isopoda Porcellionidae Porcellio scaber Common Rough Woodlouse None Arachnida Araneae Pisauridae Pisaura mirabilis a spider None Diplopoda Glomerida Glomeridae Glomeris marginata Pill Millipede None Diplopoda Julida Julidae Ommatoiulus sabulosus Striped Millipede None Insecta Odonata Calopterygidae Calopteryx splendens Banded Demoiselle None Insecta Odonata Coenagriidae Pyrrhosoma nymphula Large Red Damselfly None Insecta Odonata Coenagriidae Ischnura elegans Blue-tailed Damselfly None Insecta Odonata Coenagriidae Coenagrion puella Azure Damselfly None Insecta Dermaptera Forficulidae Forficula auricularia Common Earwig None Insecta Orthoptera Tetrigidae Tetrix subulata Slender Groundhopper None Insecta Orthoptera Tetrigidae Tetrix undulata Common Groundhopper None Insecta Orthoptera Acrididae Chorthippus albomarginatus Lesser Marsh Grasshopper None Insecta Orthoptera Acrididae Chorthippus brunneus Field Grasshopper None Insecta Hemiptera: Cercopidae Cercopis vulnerata a froghopper None Auchenorrhyncha Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Insecta Hemiptera: Cicadellidae Eupelix cuspidata a leafhopper None Auchenorrhyncha Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Nepidae Nepa cinerea Water Scorpion None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Corixidae Sigara dorsalis an aquatic bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Corixidae Sigara fossarum an aquatic bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Corixidae Sigara lateralis an aquatic bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Hydrometridae Hydrometra stagnorum Water Measurer None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Gerridae Gerris lacustris a pond-skater None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Gerridae Gerris odontogaster a pond-skater None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Saldidae Saldula pallipes a shore-bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Saldidae Saldula saltatoria a shore-bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Tingidae Tingis ampliata a lacebug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Miridae Conostethus venustus a mirid bug RDBK Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Miridae Deraeocoris lutescens a mirid bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Miridae Capsus ater a mirid bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Miridae Liocoris tripustulatus a mirid bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Miridae Leptopterna dolabrata a mirid bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Miridae Stenodema laevigata a mirid bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Miridae Phylus melanocephalus a mirid bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Nabidae Himacerus mirmicoides Ant Damsel-bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Anthocoridae Anthocoris confusus a flower bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Anthocoridae Anthocoris nemorum a flower bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Lygaeidae Cymus glandicolor a ground-bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Lygaeidae Cymus melanocephalus a ground-bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Lygaeidae Ischnodemus sabuleti a ground-bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Lygaeidae Scolopostethus affinis a ground-bug None

23 Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Rhopalidae Myrmus miriformis a rhopalid bug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Cydnidae Legnotus limbosus Bordered Shieldbug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Dolycoris baccarum Hairy Shieldbug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Pentatomidae Palomena prasina Green Shieldbug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Pentatomidae Pentatoma rufipes Red-legged Shieldbug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Pentatomidae caerulea Blue Shieldbug None Insecta Hemiptera: Heteroptera Acanthosomatidae Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale Hawthorn Shieldbug None Insecta Coleoptera Haliplidae Haliplus lineatocollis a crawling water beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Haliplidae Haliplus heydeni a crawling water beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Haliplidae Haliplus laminatus a crawling water beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Dytiscidae Hydroporus palustris a diving-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Dytiscidae Hydroporus planus a diving-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Dytiscidae Hydroporus tessellatus a diving-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Dytiscidae Graptodytes pictus a diving-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Dytiscidae Agabus bipustulatus a diving-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Dytiscidae Ilybius fuliginosus a diving-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Notiophilus biguttatus a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Notiophilus palustris a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Cicindela campestris Green Tiger-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Elaphrus cupreus a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Elaphrus riparius a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Dyschirius aeneus a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Bembidion biguttatum a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Bembidion lunulatum a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Bembidion lampros a ground beetle None

24 Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Bembidion varium a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Bembidion tetracolum a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Bembidion illigeri a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Bembidion articulatum a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Bembidion obtusum a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Ocys harpaloides a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Poecilus versicolor a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Pterostichus melanarius a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Calathus fuscipes a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Anchomenus dorsalis a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Paranchus albipes a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Oxypselaphus obscurus a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Amara aenea a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Amara communis a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Amara familiaris a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Amara similata a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Curtonotus convexiusculus a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Harpalus affinis a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Harpalus tardus a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Harpalus rufipes a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Ophonus rufibarbis a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Anisodactylus binotatus a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Stenolophus mixtus a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Acupalpus dubius a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Acupalpus parvulus a ground beetle None

25 Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Chlaenius vestitus a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Paradromius linearis a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Carabidae Syntomus truncatellus a ground beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Helophoridae Helophorus aequalis an aquatic beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Helophoridae Helophorus brevipalpis an aquatic beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Helophoridae Helophorus griseus an aquatic beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Helophoridae Helophorus minutus an aquatic beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Hydrophilidae Berosus signaticollis an aquatic beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Hydrophilidae Laccobius minutus an aquatic beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Hydrophilidae Laccobius bipunctatus an aquatic beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Metopsia clypeata a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Sepedophilus nigripennis a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Tachyporus chrysomelinus a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Tachyporus hypnorum a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Tachyporus obtusus a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Tachinus rufipes a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Thinonoma atra a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Philhygra elongatula a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Philhygra malleus a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Bledius gallicus a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Carpelimus erichsoni a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Carpelimus corticinus a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Platystethus alutaceus a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Platystethus cornutus a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Stenus clavicornis a rove-beetle None

26 Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Stenus juno a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Stenus cicindeloides a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Stenus similis a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Philonthus quisquiliarius a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Tasgius morsitans a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Xantholinus longiventris a rove-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Scarabaeidae Phyllopertha horticola Bracken Chafer None Insecta Coleoptera Buprestidae Agrilus laticornis a jewel-beetle Nationally Scarce (Nb) Insecta Coleoptera Heteroceridae Heterocerus fenestratus a variegated mud-loving beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Heteroceridae Heterocerus marginatus a variegated mud-loving beetle Nationally Scarce Insecta Coleoptera Elateridae Kibunea minuta a click-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Elateridae Athous haemorrhoidalis a click-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Elateridae Agriotes obscurus a click-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Elateridae Agriotes pallidulus a click-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cantharidae cryptica a soldier-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cantharidae a soldier-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cantharidae a soldier-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cantharidae a soldier-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cantharidae a soldier-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cantharidae a soldier-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cantharidae a soldier-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cantharidae a soldier-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cantharidae limbata a soldier-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cantharidae a soldier-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Anobiidae Ptilinus pectinicornis Fan-bearing Wood-borer None

27 Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Insecta Coleoptera Malachiidae Malachius bipustulatus Malachite Beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Malachiidae Cordylepherus viridis a malachite beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Kateretidae Brachypterus glaber a nettle pollen beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Kateretidae Brachypterus urticae a nettle pollen beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Nitidulidae Meligethes aeneus Common Pollen Beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Nitidulidae Meligethes carinulatus a pollen beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Nitidulidae Meligethes nigrescens a pollen beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Nitidulidae Meligethes obscurus a pollen beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cryptophagidae Telmatophilus typhae a beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Byturidae Byturus tomentosus Raspberry Beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Coccinellidae Rhyzobius litura a ladybird None Insecta Coleoptera Coccinellidae Coccidula rufa a ladybird None Insecta Coleoptera Coccinellidae Scymnus auritus a ladybird None Insecta Coleoptera Coccinellidae Chilocorus renipustulatus Kidney-spot Ladybird None Insecta Coleoptera Coccinellidae Propylea 14-spot Ladybird None quattuordecimpunctata Insecta Coleoptera Coccinellidae Coccinella septempunctata 7-spot Ladybird None Insecta Coleoptera Coccinellidae Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata 16-spot Ladybird None Insecta Coleoptera Latridiidae Stephostethus lardarius a beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Latridiidae Cortinicara gibbosa a beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Oedemeridae Oedemera lurida a beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Scraptiidae Anaspis frontalis a beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Scraptiidae Anaspis maculata a beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Scraptiidae Anaspis regimbarti a beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cerambycidae Grammoptera ruficornis a longhorn beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cerambycidae Rutpela maculata a longhorn beetle None

28 Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Insecta Coleoptera Cerambycidae Clytus arietis Wasp Beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Cerambycidae Agapanthia villosoviridescens a longhorn beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Bruchus rufimanus a seed-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Cassida rubiginosa Thistle Tortoise Beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Chrysolina hyperici a leaf-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Phaedon armoraciae a leaf-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Phyllotreta nodicornis a flea-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Phyllotreta undulata a flea-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Aphthona euphorbiae a flea-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Longitarsus succineus a flea-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae lythri a flea-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Altica palustris a flea-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Neocrepidodera ferruginea a flea-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Sphaeroderma testaceum a flea-beetle None Insecta Coleoptera Rhynchitidae Temnocerus nanus a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Attelabidae Attelabus nitens Oak Leaf-roller None Insecta Coleoptera Apionidae Holotrichapion pisi a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Otiorhynchus singularis a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Phyllobius roboretanus Small Green Nettle Weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Phyllobius pomaceus a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Phyllobius argentatus Silver-green Leaf Weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Barypeithes pellucidus a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Strophosoma melanogrammum a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Sitona lineatus a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Rhinocyllus conicus a weevil Nationally Scarce (Na)

29 Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Cionus scrophulariae Figwort Weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Magdalis cerasi a weevil Nationally Scarce (Nb) Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Orthochaetes setiger a weevil Nationally Scarce (Nb) Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Coeliodes rana a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Ceutorhynchus assimilis Cabbage Gall Weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Ceutorhynchus erysimi a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Ceutorhynchus typhae a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus Cabbage Stem Weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Nedyus quadrimaculatus Small Nettle Weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Curculio glandium Acorn Weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Archarius pyrrhoceras a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Orchestes signifer a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Rhamphus oxyacanthae a weevil None Insecta Coleoptera Curculionidae Rhamphus pulicarius a weevil None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Bethylidae Bethylus fuscicornis a solitary wasp None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Chrysididae Trichrysis cyanea a cuckoo wasp None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Formicidae Formica fusca an ant None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Formicidae Lasius niger sens. str. an ant None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Formicidae Myrmica rubra an ant None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Formicidae Myrmica scabrinodis an ant None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Pompilidae Anoplius concinnus a spider-hunting wasp None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Pompilidae Arachnospila anceps a spider-hunting wasp None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Eumenidae Ancistrocerus gazella a mason wasp None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Sphecidae Ammophila sabulosa Red-banded Sand Wasp None

30 Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Crabronidae Crossocerus elongatulus Slender Digger Wasp None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Crabronidae Mimesa lutarius a digger wasp None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Crabronidae Oxybelus uniglumis Common Spiny Digger Wasp None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Crabronidae Rhopalum coarctatum a digger wasp None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Crabronidae Trypoxylon attenuatum Slender Wood-borer Wasp None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Andrena bicolor Gwynne's Mining Bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Andrena cineraria Grey Mining Bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Andrena haemorrhoa Early Mining Bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Andrena minutula a mining bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Andrena nigroaenea a mining bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Andrena semilaevis a mining bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Andrena subopaca a mining bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Apis mellifera Honey Bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Bombus hortorum Small Garden Bumblebee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Bombus hypnorum a bumblebee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Bombus lapidarius Large Red-tailed Bumblebee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Bombus lucorum sens. lat. White-tailed Bumblebee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Bombus pascuorum Common Carder-bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Bombus pratorum Early Bumblebee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Bombus sylvestris a bumblebee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Bombus terrestris Buff-tailed Bumblebee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Hylaeus hyalinatus a solitary bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Lasioglossum cupromicans a mining bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Lasioglossum leucozonium a mining bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Lasioglossum morio Brassy Mining Bee None

31 Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Lasioglossum villosulum Shaggy Mining Bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Nomada flava/panzeri male a nomad bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Nomada flavoguttata a nomad bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Sphecodes ephippius a cuckoo bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Sphecodes geoffrellus a cuckoo bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Sphecodes gibbus a cuckoo bee None Insecta Hymenoptera: Aculeata Apidae Sphecodes monilicornis a cuckoo bee None Insecta Diptera Stratiomyidae Beris chalybata Murky-legged Black None Legionnaire Insecta Diptera Stratiomyidae Oxycera rara Four-barred Major None Insecta Diptera Stratiomyidae Oplodontha viridula Common Green Colonel None Insecta Diptera Syrphidae Eristalis intricaria a hoverfly None Insecta Diptera Syrphidae Myathropa florea a hoverfly None Insecta Diptera Syrphidae Merodon equestris a hoverfly None Insecta Diptera Syrphidae Volucella bombylans a hoverfly None Insecta Diptera Syrphidae Volucella pellucens a hoverfly None Insecta Diptera Pipunculidae Cephalops varipes a big-headed fly None Insecta Diptera Pipunculidae Tomosvaryella sylvatica a big-headed fly None Insecta Diptera Tephritidae Urophora cardui a picture-winged fly None Insecta Diptera Tephritidae Urophora stylata a picture-winged fly None Insecta Diptera Tephritidae Tephritis vespertina a picture-winged fly None Insecta Diptera Sciomyzidae Tetanocera arrogans a snail-killing fly None Insecta Diptera Sciomyzidae Trypetoptera punctulata a snail-killing fly None Insecta Lepidoptera Incurvariidae Nemophora degeerella a micro-moth None Insecta Lepidoptera Incurvariidae Adela rufimitrella a micro-moth None Insecta Lepidoptera Sesiidae Sesia bembeciformis Lunar Hornet Moth None

32 Class Order Family Species (scientific name) Species (English name) Conservation Status Insecta Lepidoptera Tortricidae Tortrix viridana Green Oak Tortrix None Insecta Lepidoptera Tortricidae Pammene aurana a micro-moth None Insecta Lepidoptera Pyralidae Pyrausta aurata a pyralid moth None Insecta Lepidoptera Pyralidae Myelois circumvoluta Thistle Ermine None Insecta Lepidoptera Hesperiidae Ochlodes faunus Large Skipper None Insecta Lepidoptera Pieridae Pieris brassicae Large White None Insecta Lepidoptera Pieridae Pieris napi Green-veined White None Insecta Lepidoptera Pieridae Anthocharis cardamines Orange-tip None Insecta Lepidoptera Lycaenidae Aricia agestis Brown Argus None Insecta Lepidoptera Lycaenidae Polyommatus icarus Common Blue None Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Vanessa atalanta Red Admiral None Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell None Insecta Lepidoptera Satyridae Pararge aegeria Speckled Wood None Insecta Lepidoptera Satyridae Coenonympha pamphilus Small Heath BAP (research only) Insecta Lepidoptera Geometridae Xanthorhoe montanata Silver-ground Carpet None Insecta Lepidoptera Geometridae Aplocera plagiata Treble-bar None Insecta Lepidoptera Geometridae Petrophora chlorosata Brown Silver-line None Insecta Lepidoptera Arctiidae Tyria jacobaeae Cinnabar BAP (research only) Insecta Lepidoptera Noctuidae Apamea unanimis Small Clouded Brindle None Gastropoda Stylommatophora Helicidae Monacha cantiana Kentish Snail None Gastropoda Stylommatophora Vitrinidae Vitrina pellucida Pellucid Glass-snail None

33