International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article The Role of Autophagy in Chemical Proteasome Inhibition Model of Retinal Degeneration Merry Gunawan 1, Choonbing Low 1, Kurt Neo 1, Siawey Yeo 2, Candice Ho 3, Veluchamy A. Barathi 2,4,5, Anita Sookyee Chan 3, Najam A. Sharif 6 and Masaaki Kageyama 1,* 1 Santen-SERI Open Innovation Centre, 20 College Road, The Academia, Singapore 169856, Singapore;
[email protected] (M.G.);
[email protected] (C.L.);
[email protected] (K.N.) 2 Translational Pre-Clinical Model Platform, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road, The Academia, Singapore 169856, Singapore;
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[email protected] (V.A.B.) 3 Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road, The Academia, Singapore 169856, Singapore;
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[email protected] (A.S.C.) 4 Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119077, Singapore 5 Academic Clinical Program in Ophthalmology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore 6 Global Alliance and External Research, Santen Inc., Emeryville, CA 94608, USA;
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[email protected] Abstract: We recently demonstrated that chemical proteasome inhibition induced inner retinal degeneration, supporting the pivotal roles of the ubiquitin–proteasome system in retinal structural integrity maintenance. In this study, using beclin1-heterozygous (Becn1-Het) mice with autophagic dysfunction, we tested our hypothesis that autophagy could be a compensatory retinal protective mechanism for proteasomal impairment.