DOCSLIB.ORG

Everything Chemistry Poster

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Everything Chemistry Poster Common Polyatomic Ions by Charge and Ion Family Functional Groups +1 Charge -1 Charge -2 Charge -3 Charge H + - 2- 3- | Ammonium NH4 Dihydrogen phosphite H2PO3 Hydrogen phosphite HPO3 Phosphite PO3 R—OH Alcohol 1° H—C—R + - 2- 3- Hydronium H3O Dihydrogen phosphate H2PO4 Hydrogen phosphate HPO4 Phosphate PO4 | - 2- 3- H Hydrogen carbonate HCO Carbonate CO Hypophosphite PO 3 3 2 - 2- 3- H Ammonia NH3 Hydrogen sulfite HSO3 Sulfite SO3 Arsenite AsO3 R | - 2- 3- | Hydrogen sulfate HSO Sulfate SO Arsenate AsO Amine 2° H—C—R 4 4 4 R—N—R - 2- | Nitrite NO2 Thiosulfate S2O3 - 2- R’ Nitrate NO3 Silicate SIO3 -4 Charge H - 2- 4- Hydroxide OH Carbide C2 Pyrophosphate P2O7 | R—O—R C - 2- Ether 3° R”—C—R Acetate CH3COO Oxalate C2O4 - 2- | Chromite CrO2 Chromate CrO4 R’ - 2- Cyanide CN Dichromate Cr2O7 H R’” - 2- O Cyanate CNO Tartrate C4H4O6 || | - 2- Aldehyde 4° R”—C—R Thiocyanate CNS Molybdate MoO R—C—H 4 | E - 2- Superoxide O2 Peroxide O2 R’ - 2- Permanganate MnO Disulfide S 4 2 O R - 2- Amide n-butyl M Hypochlorite ClO Oxalate C2O4 || | - R—C—N—R R Chlorite ClO2 - Chlorate ClO3 Strong Acids and Bases O I - Carboxylic Acid iso-butyl Perchlorate ClO4 Acids Bases || R Hypobromite BrO- Hydrochloric Acid HCl Lithium Hydroxide LiOH R—C—OH S - Bromite BrO2 Hydrobromic Acid HBr Sodium Hydroxide NaOH O - Ester || sec-butyl Bromate BrO3 Hydroiodic Acid HI Potassium Hydroxide KOH R—C—O—R R Perbromate BrO - Nitric Acid HNO Rubidium Hydroxide RbOH T 4 3 - Hypoiodite IO Sulfuric Acid H2SO4 Cesium Hydroxide CsOH O - Ketone || tert-butyl Iodite IO2 Perchloric Acid HClO4 *Calcium Hydroxide Ca(OH)2 R—C—R - R R Iodate IO3 *Strontium Hydroxide Sr(OH)2 - Periodate IO4 *Barium Hydroxide Ba(OH)2 - Fundamental Constants Y Aluminate AlO2 - 1 amu -27 Azide N = 1.66053873 x 10 kg 3 Atomic mass unit (amu) 23 - = 6.02214199 x 10 amu Benzoate C6H5COO 1 kg Conversion Factors & SI Units Avogadro’s number N = 6.02214199 x 1023 mol-1 A Length Temperature Energy Pressure Volume Mass Geometric -11 3 (m) (K) (J) (Pa) (m ) (kg) Relationships Bohr radius a0 = 5.29177211 x 10 m 2 2 2 1 m = 1.0936 yd 0 K = -273.15 °C 1 J = 1 kg ! m / s 1 Pa = 1 N / m -3 3 1 kg = 2.2046 lb π = 3.14159… 1 L = 10 m -23 2 Boltzmann’s constant k = 1.38065052 x 10 J / K 1 cm = 0.39370 in = -459.67 °F = 0.23901 cal = 1 kg / (m ! s ) 3 1 lb = 453.59 g Circumference of a circle = 2 πr = 1 dm -19 2 1 in = 2.54 cm K = °C + 273.15 = 1 C ! V 1 atm = 101,325 Pa 3 3 = 16 oz Area of a circle = πr Electron charge e = 1.60217653 x 10 C = 10 cm -4 -27 2 -19 1 km = 0.62137 mi = 9.4781 x 10 Btu = 760 torr = 1.0567 qt 1 amu = 1.66053873 x 10 kg Surface area of a sphere = 4 πr Faraday’s constant F = 9.64853383 x 10 C/mol (°F − 32) 1 mi = 5280 ft °C = ! 1 cal = 4.184 J = 14.70 lb / in2 1 ton = 2000 lb Volume of a sphere = 4/3 πr2 1.8 1 gal = 4 qt Gas constant R = 0.08205821 (L ! atm / mol ! K) -19 5 2 = 1.6093 km °F = 1.8 (°C) + 32 1 eV = 1.6022 x 10 J 1 bar = 10 Pa 3 = 907.185 kg Volume of a cylinder = πr h = 8.31447215 J / (mol ! K) = 16.39 cm -4 -10 = 5.48579909 x 10 amu 1 Å = 10 m 1 torr = 1 mmHg 3 1 metric ton = 1000 kg 1 cm = 1 mL Mass of an electron me -31 =9.10938262 x 10 kg 3 3 = 2204.6 lb 1 in = 16.39 cm = 1.00866492 amu Mass of a neutron m -27 1 qt = 32 fluid oz n = 1.67492728 x 10 kg SI Unit Prefixes = 1.00727647 amu Mass of a proton m -27 p = 1.67262171 x 10 kg a f p n µ m c d k M G T P E Planck’s constant h = 6.62606931 x 10-34 J ! s 8 atto femto pico nano micro milli centi deci kilo mega giga tera peta exa Speed of light in vacuum c =2.99792458 x 10 m/s .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chemical List
    1 EXHIBIT 1 2 CHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION LIST 3 4 1. Pyrophoric Chemicals 5 1.1. Aluminum alkyls: R3Al, R2AlCl, RAlCl2 6 Examples: Et3Al, Et2AlCl, EtAlCl2, Me3Al, Diethylethoxyaluminium 7 1.2. Grignard Reagents: RMgX (R=alkyl, aryl, vinyl X=halogen) 8 1.3. Lithium Reagents: RLi (R = alkyls, aryls, vinyls) 9 Examples: Butyllithium, Isobutyllithium, sec-Butyllithium, tert-Butyllithium, 10 Ethyllithium, Isopropyllithium, Methyllithium, (Trimethylsilyl)methyllithium, 11 Phenyllithium, 2-Thienyllithium, Vinyllithium, Lithium acetylide ethylenediamine 12 complex, Lithium (trimethylsilyl)acetylide, Lithium phenylacetylide 13 1.4. Zinc Alkyl Reagents: RZnX, R2Zn 14 Examples: Et2Zn 15 1.5. Metal carbonyls: Lithium carbonyl, Nickel tetracarbonyl, Dicobalt octacarbonyl 16 1.6. Metal powders (finely divided): Bismuth, Calcium, Cobalt, Hafnium, Iron, 17 Magnesium, Titanium, Uranium, Zinc, Zirconium 18 1.7. Low Valent Metals: Titanium dichloride 19 1.8. Metal hydrides: Potassium Hydride, Sodium hydride, Lithium Aluminum Hydride, 20 Diethylaluminium hydride, Diisobutylaluminum hydride 21 1.9. Nonmetal hydrides: Arsine, Boranes, Diethylarsine, diethylphosphine, Germane, 22 Phosphine, phenylphosphine, Silane, Methanetellurol (CH3TeH) 23 1.10. Non-metal alkyls: R3B, R3P, R3As; Tributylphosphine, Dichloro(methyl)silane 24 1.11. Used hydrogenation catalysts: Raney nickel, Palladium, Platinum 25 1.12. Activated Copper fuel cell catalysts, e.g. Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 26 1.13. Finely Divided Sulfides: Iron Sulfides (FeS, FeS2, Fe3S4), and Potassium Sulfide 27 (K2S) 28 REFERRAL
    [Show full text]
  • The Preparation and Identification of Rubidium
    THE PREPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF RUBIDIUM TELLURO-MOLYBDATE AND OF CESIIDl TELLURO- MOLYBDA.TE SEP ZI 193B THE PREPARATION AlJD IDENTIFICATION or :RUBIDIUM TELLURO-MOLYBDATE AND OF CESIUM '?ELLURO-MOLYBDATE By HENRY ARTHUR CARLSON \ \ Bachelor of Science Drury College Springfield. Missouri 1936 Submitted to the Department of Chemistry Oklahoma Agricultural and Meohanica.l College In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE 1938 . ... ... .. .. .. ... .. ' :· ·. : : . .. .. ii S£p C"·J"··} ;.;:{ I' ' """"''· APPROVED:- \ Head~~stry 108627 iii ACKNOWLEDGMENT The author wishes to acknowledge the valuabl e advice and assistance of Dr. Sylvan R~ Wood, under whose direction this work was done. Acknowledgment is also made of the many help­ ful suggestions and cordial cooperation of Dr. H. M. Trimble. The author wishes to express his sincere appreciation to the Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College for financial assistance in the fonn of a graduate assistantship in the Depart­ ment of Chemistry during the school years 1936-37 and 1937-38. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction------------------------------ 1 II. Materials Used-------------"--------------- 3 III. Preparation of Rubidium Telluro-molybdate---- 5 IV. Methods of Analysis------------------------ 6 Telluriur a-"---------"----------------------- 6 Molybdenum•----------------------------- 8 Rubi di um------------------"-------------... 10 \Yater of Hydration---------------------- 11 v. Calculation of: Formula---------------------- 12 VI. Preparation
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Names and CAS Numbers Final
    Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number C3H8O 1‐propanol C4H7BrO2 2‐bromobutyric acid 80‐58‐0 GeH3COOH 2‐germaacetic acid C4H10 2‐methylpropane 75‐28‐5 C3H8O 2‐propanol 67‐63‐0 C6H10O3 4‐acetylbutyric acid 448671 C4H7BrO2 4‐bromobutyric acid 2623‐87‐2 CH3CHO acetaldehyde CH3CONH2 acetamide C8H9NO2 acetaminophen 103‐90‐2 − C2H3O2 acetate ion − CH3COO acetate ion C2H4O2 acetic acid 64‐19‐7 CH3COOH acetic acid (CH3)2CO acetone CH3COCl acetyl chloride C2H2 acetylene 74‐86‐2 HCCH acetylene C9H8O4 acetylsalicylic acid 50‐78‐2 H2C(CH)CN acrylonitrile C3H7NO2 Ala C3H7NO2 alanine 56‐41‐7 NaAlSi3O3 albite AlSb aluminium antimonide 25152‐52‐7 AlAs aluminium arsenide 22831‐42‐1 AlBO2 aluminium borate 61279‐70‐7 AlBO aluminium boron oxide 12041‐48‐4 AlBr3 aluminium bromide 7727‐15‐3 AlBr3•6H2O aluminium bromide hexahydrate 2149397 AlCl4Cs aluminium caesium tetrachloride 17992‐03‐9 AlCl3 aluminium chloride (anhydrous) 7446‐70‐0 AlCl3•6H2O aluminium chloride hexahydrate 7784‐13‐6 AlClO aluminium chloride oxide 13596‐11‐7 AlB2 aluminium diboride 12041‐50‐8 AlF2 aluminium difluoride 13569‐23‐8 AlF2O aluminium difluoride oxide 38344‐66‐0 AlB12 aluminium dodecaboride 12041‐54‐2 Al2F6 aluminium fluoride 17949‐86‐9 AlF3 aluminium fluoride 7784‐18‐1 Al(CHO2)3 aluminium formate 7360‐53‐4 1 of 75 Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number Al(OH)3 aluminium hydroxide 21645‐51‐2 Al2I6 aluminium iodide 18898‐35‐6 AlI3 aluminium iodide 7784‐23‐8 AlBr aluminium monobromide 22359‐97‐3 AlCl aluminium monochloride
    [Show full text]
  • UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,683,102 ELECTROLYTE for ALKALINE STORAGE BATTERIES Roger S
    Patented July 6, 1954 2,683,102 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,683,102 ELECTROLYTE FOR ALKALINE STORAGE BATTERIES Roger S. Coolidge, New York, N. Y. No Drawing. Application March 23, 1951, Serial No. 217,291 13 Claims. (C. 136-154) 1. 2 This invention relates to a novel structure of NaOH, KOH, RbCH, CSOH, and consist in part an electrical battery and to an improved elec of increasing conductance; decreasing degree of trolyte for this battery. More in particular, the ionic hydration, ionic heat of hydration, and invention relates to a battery which functions ionic viscosity resulting in greater percentage ca successfully at sub-zero temperatures, and es 5 pacity at lower temperatures; also lowering eu pecially the invention relates to an improved al tectic freezing point; increasing activity coeffi kaline electrolyte for Such batteries for Operat cients; and other advantageous features. These ing at relatively low temperatures. increasingly advantageous qualities are also de It is well known that many of the present elec sirable for ordinary use of electrolytes in electric tric batteries which include sodium hydroxide or 10 batteries, because they provide the means for a, potassium hydroxide as one of the ingredients of more active performance and efficiency of the the electrolyte does not efficiently operate at rela battery. tively cold temperatures, and especially in sub In view of these particular advantages of the Zero temperatures. various alkali hydroxides in the order of their It is the desire of this invention to provide a magnitude, the preferred amount of rubidium battery which operates successfully at relatively or cesium hydroxide employed in this invention cold temperatures, and at any selected Sub-Zero is a complete substitution of cesium hydroxide temperature.
    [Show full text]
  • Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Rubidium Compounds
    EPA/690/R-16/012F l Final 9-02-2016 Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Rubidium Compounds (CASRN 7440-17-7, Rubidium) (CASRN 7791-11-9, Rubidium Chloride) (CASRN 1310-82-3, Rubidium Hydroxide) (CASRN 7790-29-6, Rubidium Iodide) Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center National Center for Environmental Assessment Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH 45268 AUTHORS, CONTRIBUTORS, AND REVIEWERS CHEMICAL MANAGERS Puttappa R. Dodmane, BVSc&AH, MVSc, PhD National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, OH Scott C. Wesselkamper, PhD National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, OH DRAFT DOCUMENT PREPARED BY SRC, Inc. 7502 Round Pond Road North Syracuse, NY 13212 PRIMARY INTERNAL REVIEWER Paul G. Reinhart, PhD, DABT National Center for Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC This document was externally peer reviewed under contract to: Eastern Research Group, Inc. 110 Hartwell Avenue Lexington, MA 02421-3136 Questions regarding the contents of this PPRTV assessment should be directed to the EPA Office of Research and Development’s National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center (513-569-7300). ii Rubidium Compounds TABLE OF CONTENTS COMMONLY USED ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .................................................. iv BACKGROUND .............................................................................................................................1 DISCLAIMERS ...............................................................................................................................1
    [Show full text]
  • Fedex Ground Hazardous Materials Shipping Guide Is Intended to Simplify Title 49 CFR
    FedEx Ground Package Systems Inc. is committed to the safe transportation of hazardous materials. It is very important that each person engaged in the transportation of hazardous materials has the proper training and is thoroughly familiar with the Title 49CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) and/or USPS Publication 52. This guide is intended only to assist you in your preparation of hazardous materials shipped via FedEx Ground Package Systems Inc. It is the shipper’s responsibility to ensure each hazardous material package is in compliance with applicable Department of Transportation (D.O.T.) regulations and FedEx Ground Package Systems Inc. requirements. Failure to comply with these regulations and requirements may subject the shipper and carrier to fines and penalties. Improperly prepared hazmat packages or documentation may be subject to an additional charge(s) due to the unexpected hanlding associated with these shipments. Due to the changing nature of D.O.T. regulations and other information, it is impossible to guarantee absolute accuracy of the material contained in this guide. FedEx Ground Package Systems Inc., therefore, cannot assume any responsibility for omissions, errors, misprinting, or ambiguity contained within this guide and shall not be held liable in any degree for any loss or injury caused by such omission or error presented in this publication. Shippers should consult the most current version of the hazardous material regulations. Training is mandatory for those shipping hazardous materials, including limited quantity and other exceptions. The www.shipsafeshipsmart.com battery and hazmat training programs offer shippers an economical source of basic ground battery and/or hazardous materials shipping as well as addressing FedEx Ground specific issues.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Compatibility Storage Codes1
    CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY STORAGE CODES1 Storage Group A: Compatible Organic Bases Identifier Name 100‐46‐9 Benzylamine 100‐85‐6 Benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide 108‐91‐8 Cyclohexylamine 111‐42‐2 Diethanolamine 109‐89‐7 Diethylamine 75‐04‐7 Ethylamine 107‐15‐3 Ethylenediamine 110‐89‐4 Piperidine 102‐71‐6 Triethanolamine 121‐44‐8 Triethylamine Storage Group B: Compatible Pyrophoric And Water Reactive Materials Identifier Name 7783‐70‐2 Antimony pentafluoride 98‐88‐4 Benzoyl chloride 353‐42‐4 Boron triflouride compound with methyl ether (1:1) 594‐19‐4 Tert‐Butyllithium 156‐62‐7 Calcium cyanamide 16853‐85‐3 Lithium aluminum hydride 4111‐54‐0 Lithium diisopropylamide 7580‐67‐8 Lithium hydride 7439‐93‐2 Lithium metal (e.g., in THF) 124‐63‐0 Methanesulfonyl chloride 917‐54‐4 Methyllithium solution (and other alkyls) 7440‐09‐7 Potassium metal 17242‐52‐3 Potassium amide 16940‐66‐2 Sodium borohydride 7646‐69‐7 Sodium hydride 7440‐66‐6 Zinc (fume or dust) Storage Group C: Compatible Inorganic Bases Identifier Name 1336‐21‐6 Ammonium hydroxide 17194‐00‐2 Barium hydroxide 1305‐62‐0 Calcium hydroxide 21351‐79‐1 Cesium hydroxide 1310‐65‐2 Lithium hydroxide 1 Adapted from Stanford University’s ChemTracker Storage System. Used with permission from Lawrence M. Gibbs, Stanford University. 1310‐58‐3 Potassium hydroxide 1310‐82‐3 Rubidium hydroxide 1310‐73‐2 Sodium hydroxide 18480‐07‐4 Strontium hydroxide Storage Group D: Compatible Organic Acids Identifier Name 64‐19‐7 Acetic acid 79‐10‐7 Acrylic acid 65‐85‐0 Benzoic acid 98‐07‐7 Benzotrichloride 98‐88‐4
    [Show full text]
  • United States Patent Office Patented Sept
    2,852,363 United States Patent Office Patented Sept. 16, 1958 2 The fact that the above reactions do proceed as written has been confirmed by experimentation. However, these 2,852,363 reactions require a much higher temperature than was indicated by our previous experiments and calculations. PREPARATION OF ALKALIMETALS Comparable reactions occur when the oxides of rubidi Roy M. Adams, Darlington, and Stuart G. McGriff, Gib um and cesium are used. sonia, Pa., assignors to Callery Chemical Company, In carrying out the reaction disclosed, separation of the Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania. alkali metal is accomplished by boiling the metal out of the reaction mixture. Thus, a reaction temperature No Drawing. Application October 20, 1955 10 above the boiling point of the alkali metal is preferred. Serial No. 541,859 To prepare potassium the reaction temperature should 6 Claims. (CI. 75-66) be about 800° C. at atmospheric pressure to permit sep aration of the potassium from the zinc by distillation and to improve the reaction kinetics. Since cesium and This invention relates to a new and improved method 15 rubidium boil at 670° C. and 700° C. at atmospheric for the preparation of certain alkali metals and in par pressure, respectively, the reaction temperature for the ticular it relates to a new and improved method for pre preparation of these metals can be somewhat lower than paring potassium, rubidium and cesium by the reaction that required to prepare potassium. The reaction will of an alkali metal oxide with zinc. take place at lower temperatures if vacuum is used to In general, the alkali metals can be made by the elec 20 remove the metal from the reaction zone.
    [Show full text]
  • Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
    Thursday, August 31, 2006 Part II Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration 49 CFR Parts 171, 172, 173, et al. Hazardous Materials: Harmonization With the United Nations Recommendations, International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code, and International Civil Aviation Organization’s Technical Instructions; Proposed Rule VerDate Aug<31>2005 15:31 Aug 30, 2006 Jkt 208001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\31AUP2.SGM 31AUP2 erjones on PROD1PC72 with PROPOSALS2 51894 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 169 / Thursday, August 31, 2006 / Proposed Rules DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION number or Regulatory Identification HM–215A, 59 FR 67390; HM–215B, 62 Number (RIN) for this notice. For FR 24690; HM–215C, 64 FR 10742; HM– Pipeline and Hazardous Materials detailed instructions on submitting 215D, 66 FR 33316; HM–215E, 68 FR Safety Administration comments and additional information 44992; and HM–215G, 69 FR 76044). on the rulemaking process, see the The rules provided additional 49 CFR Parts 171, 172, 173, 175, 176, Public Participation heading of the harmonization with international 178 and 180 Supplementary Information section of transportation requirements by more [Docket No. PHMSA–06–25476 (HM–215I)] this document. Note that all comments fully aligning the HMR with the received will be posted, without change, corresponding biennial updates of the RIN 2137–AE16 to http://dms.dot.gov including any UN Recommendations, the IMDG Code personal information provided. Please and the ICAO Technical Instructions. Hazardous Materials: Harmonization With the United Nations see the Privacy Act heading under The UN Recommendations are not Recommendations, International Regulatory Analyses and Notices.
    [Show full text]
  • Corrosive Chemicals
    Corrosive Chemicals Chemical Name/Description Class CAS Number Acetic acid solution, not less than 50 percent but 8 64-19-7 not more than 80 percent acid, by mass Acetic acid solution, with more than 10 percent 8 64-19-7 and less than 50 percent acid, by mass Acetic acid, glacial or Acetic acid solution, with 8 64-19-7 more than 80 percent acid, by mass Acetic anhydride 8 108-24-7 Acetyl bromide 8 506-96-7 Acetyl iodide 8 507-02-8 Acrylic acid, stabilized 8 79-10-7 Alkyl sulfonic acids, liquid or Aryl sulfonic acids, liquid with more than 5 percent free 8 42615-29-2 sulfuric acid Alkyl sulfonic acids, liquid or Aryl sulfonic acids, liquid with not more than 5 percent free 8 42615-29-2 sulfuric acid Alkyl sulfonic acids, solid or Aryl sulfonic acids, solid with not more than 5 percent free 8 42615-29-2 sulfuric acid Alkyl sulfonic acids, solid or Aryl sulfonic acids, solid, with more than 5 percent free 8 42615-29-2 sulfuric acid Alkylphenols, liquid, n.o.s. (including C2-C12 8 99-89-8 homologues) Alkylphenols, solid, n.o.s. (including C2-C12 8 99-89-8 homologues) Alkylsulfuric acids 8 540-82-9 Allyltrichlorosilane, stabilized 8 107-37-9 Aluminum bromide, anhydrous 8 7727-15-3 Aluminum bromide, solution 8 7727-15-3 Aluminum chloride, anhydrous 8 7446-70-0 Aluminum chloride, solution 8 7784-13-6 Amines, liquid, corrosive, flammable, n.o.s. or 8 Polyamines, liquid, corrosive, flammable, n.o.s.
    [Show full text]
  • Salt Formation
    Salt formation FeBr3 Iron (III) bromide Fe(3+) + Br(-) => FeBr3 Fe3Br1 Some acids Formula Name HF hydrofluoric acid HCl hydrochloric acid HBr hydrobromic acid HI hydroiodic acid HNO3 nitric acid HNO2 nitrous acid H2SO4 sulfuric acid H2SO3 Sulfurous acid Some acids and their anions z Acid Anion Name HF F- fluoride anion HCl Cl- chloride anion HBr Br- bromide anion HII- iodide anion - HNO3 NO3 nitrate anion - HNO2 NO2 nitrite anion 2- H2SO4 SO4 sulfate anion 2- H2SO3 SO3 Sulfite anion Naming salts of acids z Higher oxidation state is named (stem)ic acid. z Lower oxidation state is named (stem)ous acid z Salts are named based on the acids. • Anions of -ic acids make “ate” salts. • Anions of -ous acids make “ite” salts. acid salt ic ate ous ite Some acids Formula Name HCN hydrocyanic acid H3PO4 phosphoric acid H2CO3 carbonic acid CH3COOH acetic acid Some acids and their anions z Acid Anion Name HCN CN- cyanide anion 3- H3PO4 PO4 phosphate anion 2- H2CO3 CO3 carbonate anion - CH3COOH CH3COO acetate anion Common bases Formula Name LiOH lithium hydroxide NaOH sodium hydroxide KOH potassium hydroxide RbOH rubidium hydroxide CsOH cesium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 calcium hydroxide Sr(OH)2 strontium hydroxide Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide More bases z Formula Name Cu(OH)2 copper (II) hydroxide Fe(OH)2 iron (II) hydroxide Fe(OH)3 iron (III) hydroxide Zn(OH)2 zinc (II) hydroxide Mg(OH)2 magnesium (II) hydroxide Naming some oxides Formula Name z CO carbon monoxide z CO2 carbon dioxide z SO3 sulfur trioxide Naming some inorganic compounds Cation named first Anion
    [Show full text]
  • Incompatible Chemicals
    Environmental Health and Safety 2809 Daley Drive Ames, Iowa 50011-3660 Phone: (515) 294-5359 Fax: (515) 294-9357 www.ehs.iastate.edu Incompatible Chemicals On the topic of incompatibility Pohanish and Greene state that: “The term incompatibility is used to describe a wide range of chemical reactions that might include the generation of heat resulting from contact of a chemical with moisture; decomposition; the generation of toxic gases; the heating, overflow, and rupture of containers; polymerization; the formation of new and possibly more dangerous compounds; fire, detonation, and explosion; or any combination of these or other actions.” Today, most chemical manufacturers have settled on a five color scheme used on container labels for segregating chemicals. Red for flammables, blue for health hazards, yellow for oxidizers, white for corrosives, and a fifth color for less hazardous materials. The following tables are provided to assist laboratories with storage of reactive chemicals when container labels do not include segregation colors. In each table, chemicals listed on the left may react with chemicals listed on the right. Reaction rates and intensities will vary based on concentration of the reactant chemicals. Refer to container labels and safety data sheets (SDS) for storage requirements for chemicals stored in your area. Where possible, store reactive chemicals separated by distance, location or through use of secondary containment. Acids – dissolves in water and gives solution Bases – aqueous substance that can accept hydrogen
    [Show full text]