'e"lnJeqEcs 'e€.1€ueldllloco?lsuv elr?por srlsrJerunsrns '(seJor^oJq zrpeu sel"Jelel)€l€lsu?ul lolrEnbe"ur 'srssec El€qolul "eurgelru?c €ssEc? 1tuue.I ?leSuoleal"lunleu snqrleuruol esnycurrurged 1a epunf rurseq pe eredns erpourelur :srTrtJeJrpcsog aeapd ostop unl"upe a1esequnrpou.tolui '€t?Intru€ €lllqc?qu "l"Jlns rTrqercgredns uI '?teulunc€ ursBq pe 'et"JlsoJ 'esse;druocxr,t srsdoflEJ erednsoged ur eleut:ucrqeeJBu?Jqureu eJeqrT 'e.reJur eu€d ur ttl?AJeurqreur8eplrec 'eEllrqc"qr 'sue8und'snnbllqo EtEupE"epg u:acrdeedo:d :oqef urelne snleqJ"q IoAsnl"AJnc sn1p3 snqqeuGreuqns snqrTeJel"lsr^rou 'urnl€Araurcned erncsqo runlelnlsu? unlSglur 'ael? runeur8rlgec eFs"q Elulue'I eeleueldurocIoA o€lepunloJ JelrTES.rop leurcned olnJsqo oeour8zllrec sepnbeeqns eElunlD rlcnpeJ ede€s'srapd ours 'ulnou ualoc :snlpo.tqdeuloq slles?q snlncsou :9-€ srlncsou epcrdg 'exe1 Esourer?r elncrul?d el"rll' "InBrT :selueSund seleJeleeless€rcur eelecrldnpuoc epJ€ e3ullu"l:srsolrd t-€ srpou rurInc leruueredeulluerg 'Aou uo8'sepu€ze'l (e"oprlsoJAeJA)Elporllatdur,{S 'suor8eJ Jeqlo pu" "rFltsnv uJels3ldJo sfelJaqrur) eql erou eqt sluaurl?o.rtpuol8er ro; pue 'lcefo:d €rTe.rlsnv €JolC eq] ',re) Jo Jo Jo 'slmfoJd ur ualeuepun Sureq BrauoS ss€JBs.puo,,i{ eql Jo ,{a^.rnse^rsuolur u? zl^ 6 ro3 ,{gerqc perrnber exel ,rou Jo seru€u oql e1eplp^ ol st reded sl{l Jo lretqo eql uoprnpoIluI
162""" " " " "" srrns'c " :.::..:.:..:..:.::.::.::.::.::....::.:.:..:.....:.. 96z S3JueJeJeu q62. . . ( luJLuaSpal,nou>1ry D.t!Dl2!111 06z ...s1oqdota@H Lg(...... susotdDtquv 992...... rlloltl )[xO f8Z ...... '...... '..auq2D 112 )ald tZZ Dtputraqwts tLz uorlrnporlul JiBd slualuo]
'elep Imdoloqdroru ^\ou tuecrjru8rs.pnlcur ot papseua elE 'tu?ue^ 'uouruornn 'qqnH rrdtrlora .{lo^qelor p uo paseq sl qclq^\ A J Dou,q d lo pve rue}I auq)Dtpald 'sorJods ''qqnH Jo suorldrl.stun3lra aqJ orurt lsru aqt loJ ?rlertsnv .1oJpeplorol sr arurpuo ue ,{q poluosardol E J saoqdoDpH ,{le^rpadseri,rror3rrryrt/ puP-st.totpIxo 'zr^ 'Ereue8^!au sE prlESrrS:s arE uru.roCrapr.)rsd?rtlrsrp Lun)luDd Drorrrrr rlrolr/J ruaH auqrotl)aH ut ,rrrrry{ ur sarreos rg ,rpo7{ Puz II3nI,.{ J 'sor.eds 'D1palpaFruIst PUlr II:nJ{ r s d pue ru.H auqroiDau ot parlle Z snuoSp apnlrur ,{eqf pol€rlsnllr pu€ p.qrrcsop sr 'tr.rotlllaf Jo uroquoN rql pu? erTerlsnv u$lso/A Jo sued pcrdor 1rI\ ruo4 ^Uorqr'sosselS Jo ex?t ^\ou 9l Jo trSoloqdrou oql'(t86t)f0€-€/Z:(Z)S €rs nN (e€ac?od) sessEr8uerrErlsnv Imrdorl Jo exEl ^\aN I I's.puezs'I
pa4sqY 'eroqueJ'0091 .unueqj.H 1092,{rolurallprrd€:l u?rJ?rrsnv xoS Oa C'OUISJ I?uoU€Nuelle-Ilsnv
sepueze.I Jr'\l
(aueruo4) sassur8ue[urlsnv lurrdorl Jo uxel ,ltaN
tLz (186r)€0€-€rz :(z)s Prs nN Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 2 (1984)
Tlpus: S. lanosa Lazarides
Non-resinous perennials; oulms erect, terete, with 3-4 hairy nodes; leal sheaths shorter than culm internodcs; blades thickened, tightly condupliaate, terete, pungenti ligule ciliate. Inflorescencea loose racemosepanicle ol solitary spikelets pedicelled and approximate to distant on simple (rarely divided), l-nate branches;divisions pubescent-scabrous;axis ribbed or stdatei branchesand pedicelstriquetrous or compressed,the latter thickenedbelow spikelet. Sllkelel 3-6Jlowered; the basal floret hermaphrodite; the remainder neuter, without paleas, oitenreduced. Gfume.r persistent, subequal, cartilaginous, lanceolate-ellipt ic. acumi n ate. en t ire. muticous or aristulate, usually glabrous, rounded or flattened on the back, weakly lew- nerved. Basal lemma cartilaginous, lanceolate,acuminate, entire, aristulate, weakly 3-nerved (laterals close to margins). Cn1fuscurved or oblique, pungent, glabrous near tip otherwise densely bearded, with a linear-ellipti.c scar. Pqleq adnate to rhachilla and cartilaginous in the lower part, free and membranous above, acute, entire, muticous; keels prominent in uppcr free part, scaberulous, representedin the lower hardened part by 2 narves; llaps prominent, membranous with hyaline margins, incurved. Lodicules at first thickened, becoming hyaline or mcmbranous, often ltrm near base and hyaline above, many-nerved, oblong or cuneate, truncate, glabrous, irregular or entire on the apical margrn. Anthers laterally axsertednear apex of floret, reddish, large. So'/e.rfree. Car-1,opsisslightly compressed dorsally, oblong to oblanceoiatc,abruptly narowed into a truncate apical beak, acuminate at base,with a longitudinal depressionon the hilar fhce; embryo c.'1/3 as long as the grain itself; hilum sub-basal,linear to narrowly oblong; pericarp tardlly ftee. Rhachilla stovt, compressed,glabrous,.jointed with horizontalcircular articulationsi basal internode adnate to back of palea of the fertile floret for most of its lengthi the upper internodes joined at base to, aDd partly enclosedwithin, the empty lemmas, elongating with maturity. Empty lemmas cartilaginous,glabrous or almost so, scaberulous,3lobed, 3-nerved,unequally 3- awned (median longer than laterals), reduced upwards to the awns, at first clustered close abovethe lertile floret and mostly envelopedby the glumes,becoming distant and prominently exsertedwith the elongationof the rhachilla.,4wnJ flattened, scaberulous, becoming longer upwards.
Species2, in the Northern Territory of Australia
Key to Symplectodia and allied genera
On morphological features,the relationshipso[ Symplectrodraare clearly with Plectrachne Herr. and Tiiodi.t R. Br., the complexity of its spikelet structur€ possibly indicating it to be a specializedderivative of Plc(:truchne.During development, the spikelet undergoes major changes,which dramatically alter its appearance.ln the immature state, all the florets arecondensed almost wholly within the glumes.Wlth maturity the spikelet,or more specilically the rhachilla, elongatesto at least 3 times its length. Consequently,the infertile florets become widely separatedfrom each other and from the hermaphrodite floret and glumes. Ultimately, the infertile florets disa iculate individually and the fertile floret falls with its callus, while the glumes remain attached to the pedicel. The complexity in structure seemsdifficult to justify in terms of seeddispersal or any other function, consideringthat all the florets aflected 'sdorclno o^rss€urpu€ sadolsflcor doatss€ qrns ststlqEq euolspu€s'pe88nJ ur neeleld puE-I uequJv eqlJo sur8JEruuJelse,r aql uo srnccoserceds eql
'sJ3lC"leqC 'selcrued Surqsrn8urlsrptuelsrsuoc or" sleJou elrual eq1Jo eruuel elnsrrq puE pue se^"rl Jo '3urrnoloc 'trq"q 'sno]"ruoaqr 'tsnqor suorsueurp luer8 q8rq Sururro;-durnlc .{lpnsnun eql 'ro^e,roH 'stu€ld selcedseql Jo sreqlo ur tuesqe ,(leteldtuoc sr oluos Jo eJnleeJ8ur{uls ? sr qcq,r'e3"rToJ I"s"q oql uo srwq,{1yoo,tJo .ro,{oJesusp dlerue:1xe eqt'.{FursudJns
'sune Jql ol pJJnpJrro 1
...... 3uo1 ,snotq?l3 sqDDL85"" ullu g-Su,rlr ue q]r,\\ .{llsoru "ultrlel las?q l3uol ruc seycru"d:3uol ruc gI-l sapelq :flloo,r lou ueql drr€q 'pornolo3 41-1 'snol"uozrq.r 'repuels Jr tou sql?eqs l€s"q lqSrq u gg 1-g1g lou stueld l DSouDlS Buol urur f>, uM€ u" qll,t\'f,rBrl dllsoru eurruel :8uol wr selcrued :8uol urc sopelq :sruq f,lloo,r ur psr3^or I"sEq 'u^\oJq-q$ppeJVS-VI 06-09 'snoleu]ozrqr 'lsnqor ueuo sqt€eqs IesEq :q8q !u [-8 1 slu€ld I olpo4caldutr$ 1o sapads aql o1 ,{ay reJlrpserceds eq1 s1ueld'.re^e,r\oH oB"rToJ eqrr" ffi::"#1,ruT:r1# tf':tf::l"tJ; 'fSoloqdroru;o alq€ue^ {[uo eql uI snoueSouloq,{loruerlxe ere snue8eq1 ur sercedso,tr1 oq1 'ste.rolJ oluots pau,rA"-€Jo lelsnlJ oql ot peqJellp SurureuJr lJrolj 'elu3ls ellueJ slElnlsrJeeql fq ps^sqce eq 1q3[u l€srrdsrp Jelleq pue e]e seSueqcoseql dq
'sopseze'I sosseJgJo €x€l ,{eN IAI NulasiaVol. 5, No. 2 (1984)
Paratypes Nofthern Territory: Darwin & Gulf District: Dunlop 5478,23.iv.80,Mt. Brockman, 12o48'S, 132'55'E(BRI, CANB, DNA, NSW). Dunlop 6597,23.ir.84,12'55'S, 133"02'E (BRl, CANB, 'l'75'7, DNA, MEL, NSW). Itzarides 1'7.\t.73,c. 26 miles E of Oenpelli Mission, 133'26'E, l2'20'S (CANB, DNA, K). klford 8029,23.iv.80,6.5 km SSW of Mt Brockman, 12o48'S, 132'56'E (CANB, CBG). ktzarides 7655, 18.vn.72,East Alligator River, 12"47'S, 133'21'E (BRI, DNA, K, L, NSW, US). Lozarides9134, 2.vi.80, 19.5 km SE of Jabiru East, 12"49'S, 132"59'E(CANB). Crqven6614 & Craven6616, 30.iii.81, c. 25 km NE of Jabiru, 12"29'S, '1617, 132'57'E(CANB). Lttz 10.vi.78,Radon Creek,Brockman Range, 12 km S of Jabiru (BRI, CANB, DNA, K, NSW NT, PERTH).
Symplectrodia gracilis Lazarides,sp. nov. Symplectrodiae lanosae affims, sed habitu gracili non-rhizomatoso, panicula et laminis multo brevioribus, lemmate flosculi lertilis pro parte maxima glabro longius aristato, lodiculis et antheris panioribus differt.
D,pl,.r : No hern Territory: Darwin & Gulf District: ktzartules 1919,28.i.73, c. 7.5 miles SE of Mt Gilruth, 133"09'E,13'07'5 (holo: CANB; iso: BRI, DNA, K, L, US).
Slender tussock-forrring perennial; tussocks c. 30 cm high, neatly compac! flowering culms 0.75-1.05 m hrgh. Culms branched near base, with c. 3 pubescent nodes. k4ves varying from hirsute to almost glabrous. l-eaf sheaths ciliate on at least the outer margin. Blades 7-15 cm long, often ciliate on margins upwards from the ligule, scabrous on the upper surface; ligule 0.5-l mm long. Pqnicle 7-7'7 x l-3 cm (excluding awns); branches <3.5 cm long; pedicels <1.2 cm long. Glumes scaberulousor partly smooth; lower 10- l2 mm long (including awn of c. 2 mm), faintly 1-3-nerved;upper 12.5-15mm long (including awn of l-3 mm), faintly 3-5-nerved, rarely with a lew scattered hats. Busal lemme 10- 12 mm long (including callus), ciliate to almost glabrous on margins, glabrous on surface or sometimes sparsely hairy along midneNe near the base, awned; awn 5-8 mm long, scaberulous;callus 1.8-2.5mm long. Paleac. 8 mm long, narrowly lanceolate-oblong,ciliolate or scaberulous at apex. Lodicules 0.8-1 mm long. Anthe$ c. 3.5 mm long, Caryopsis 4- 4.5 x 1 mm, pallid; embryo 1.3-1.5 mm long. Rhachilla: basal internode 5-5.5 mm long, free in the upper I mm; secondinternode c.0.5 mm long (in immature spikelets),elongating to c. 15 mm with matudty; third internode c. 17 mm long at matudty. Empt! lemmas usually 4-5, the first 4-6 mm long (body), sparsely ciliate on margins of lobes near sinus, median awn 8-9 mm long, laterals 5-6 mm long; the second lemma 3-5 mm long, sparsely ciliate on margins, median awn l2-13 mm long, laterals 9-10 mm long; third lemma similar to secondbut smaller, the remainder reducedto awns.
Plants of the speciescan be greyish from a densecover of hairs on leaves,(cf. Lazarides 7943), or vary from sparselyhairy to glabrous, as in the other specimenscited. The species is distinguished ftom Slmplectro(lia lanosa by its slender hablt, smaller dimensions, and mostly glabrous longer awned lemma of the fertile floret.
The speciesis known only from a small area on the sandstoneplateau of Arnhem Land.
Paratypes Northern Territory: Darwin & Gulf Distdct: Lozqrides 7943,28::L73, c. 2.5 miles SW of Mt Gilruth, 133'02'E, 13'03'5 (CANB, DNA, K, US). Dunlop 4410,22)i.77, Mt cilruth, Deaf Adder Gorge, l3'04'S, 133'05'E (CANB, DNA, NT) Itzarides 8003, 4.iii.73, c. I I milesSW of Mt Gilruth, 132'56'E,13"04'5 (BRI, CANB, DNA, NSW, PERTH). 'pau,re-g JepuI"lue.r eql puE pau./t\"-l 3uo lse,t\ol aql Aaou[q 7 ul) d1o:er lo p3u./r\"-f s"lulus'I Z " " 'sleel olotsrtuun " " " " " " uoe^\1aqsnorqzlS eepd:seunlS ulqlllr 4" '(suale pesolcue slerog y ,{1ensn qlr,rr Sutpnlcxe) 3uo1 ruu I c lala:,llds t Dllotuoi """"' rt,,!\oluI slee{uee,tfeq f,rl?q 3el€d :seunlS d" Z/I-€/I '(su,te s,^oq? pe esxe sleJou /-9 t{trI.^A Surpnlcxe) Suol ultu 8 3 lele{Ids €
'snorq?t'f, "nsn'peu,o'"-tsourlleruo:::i;"ttt:^"I#,:,lt; t " 'pau.tre-6 swtrySusrtDA" eso1rd sJunlC I auq)o4Jald u! salxadspolllE puB ^rau ol ,{ay
'pessorduoc 'luauturoJd o,{lq!ua :3sn}qo'spft,\\dn ropeoJq flecJscs 'S3unl8 stsdotrtos sl3lou elrJolseqt uae,,l\leqsnonulluoc e^oq" pu" storou elueJ eql ueo,tleq 'e134uru1'epaunc Surl€lncru?srp 'snotqe1l olpt4coqg snoJq"lS salnttpoT esorunld seru8qs 'snoJllnul 'peqclou 'esn}qo :snoJqelS&r^O slee{ uoe^\leq ,{rrcq .ro sno:qep ro alllue ro 'dr1 'llElus alsaunrl 'petoo{-Z soa1o4 sno:qep qlt,t'r Jo pepl€oq snlF3 :u"Ipeu u€ql lsuot{s 'peu,tr"-€-t 'paqol-E-Z slerelel ro pnbeqns (g ueq,lt) su,,t,te:,ftr€q ,{lsnoue^ sDuutll (sul$e 'snorq?I8 'peu,l,\l? Surpnpxe) 1e1e+dsueql (reuoqs qanu ,(1e.I".r):a8uo1 ro l€nboqns dlFnsn 'oleloecu"l 'luelssrad -g-1 ,o sselu^n 'al"ul8:eura Jo or4ue l?nbeun 1"q,\\eulos o1 pnbe 'tllpoJqd?urJeq sawnlD 'su^\e ol pecnpoJ,{lpnsn puE letneu Jopul€uel eqt slelou t-I Je,,t\ol 'peroldou-,&oJspplfds pqcerluoc lo pel€8uole ,{1ensnpue esotntcer apwpd ell?l|J eln8q 'spcldnpuoJ :lue8und 'peu3{arql 'alaJel f,llq8D uoos sop"lq :op€lq qll,\\ uor]Junf lE pe/}\ollEu f,DdruqE'sepourelur ulnc u"ql l3lloqs sqleJqs :JIdturslo sJpou rJ^\ol eql luo4 peqJuPlq J"Jl 'SuluuoJ-IJossnl 'snoJqslS,{lFnsn 'popou-.t3] sut:f1a:sPluuaad snoulsa]-uouJo snoulsel
'JUAH 'GZAD 'rueH uzurLpsd :saDadsad[J ZU :VL'qcsnZ IIeseCJrn]"N lle rIA euqJBJlrald
snue8oql;o sratcei€qJ crlsou8erp;o dreruuns SullrolloJ erl] ut pele:od:ocut eJeecu?Jutu8ls 3uouo8 Jo saJnl"al ,treN 'qqnH 'g 'J 's"luruel Dou,{q ldecxe snueS aql ur sercedsroqlo Ip luo{ pu? selunl8 7 'l?lnJl uo su,ru pu€ $qol Io eJnpnrls eql uI reJJrplod?d slql ur selcads.^\3u otll ?d ul 'pelJedxe 'lueluoc pes"oraur eq1 qll.{\ lueplls ouroceq eleq dSoloqd:oru uI suolleu?,\ aq 'suolllppe tq8[u sV €x€t cruepuo uell€rlsnv 91 sesudruocsnue8 aqt lueserd eq1 q1r,t'ipue (lt6l'6t61) p.nqqnH,{q flq"roplsuot pe8r"IuesE,t\ aulpDq)ald'cldflouoru f[euISuO (o€aprlsofeJg) .rueH auqJsrlrald
sess€r8Jo €xel,t\oN'soplleze'I I4l , NuytsiaVol. 5, No. 2 (1984)
Plectrachnearistiglumis Lazarides,sp. nov (Figures 3a, b,4a) Gramen perennenon-resinaceum; culmi sparsimpilosi vel glabri; vaginaefoliorum hirsutae vel in parte infera pilosae, laminae prope ligulam pilosae; spicula flosculis 7-8; flosculi arcte imbriciti, rup.u "otpr.tt glumarum exserti, sursum aristis reducti, glumae bilobatae, lobls et sinu inaequalitertriaristatae, pilosae vel glabrae;lemmata bilobata, lobis et sinu inaequaliter triaristata, in parte l/3 infera pilis argenteis in seriebus longitudinalibus barbata, pilosa vel secusmargines superos ciliatai palea corpore lemmatis leviter longior, ad basim barbata
?lpns. Northern Territory: Darwin & Gulf District: Dunlop 3371 (DNA 6558), 25ii73, Migela Creek,l2'40'S, 133'03'E(holo: CANB; iso: BRI, DNA, K' NT, PERTH)' Tufted or tussock-forming, non-resino:usperennial c. 60 cmhigh. Culms 34-noded, densely scaberulous,sparsely pilose or glabrous. Leaf sheaths hirsute to pilose in the lower part' Blades 125 cmlong, slender,often flexuose,scabrid-hispid on the upper surface,scaberulous on lower, pilose near ligule; ligule c. 0 8 mm long. Panicle 11 5-13 x 3-4 am (including pedicels *1,! awns),loosi, sparse;- primary bianches <3 cm long, sparselydivided; TT (iateials) and <14 mm (terminals) long; divisions acutely triquetrous, scabrous-hispid. ,spikrt"it tt-t3 x 2-3.3 mm (excluding awns), 7-8-flowered, laterally compressed;florets ciosely imbricate, reduced upwards to the awns, exse ed above the body of glumes; awns straiglt or rccuNed or twisted. G/arres 7-8 mm long (excluding awns), membranous to cartiLginous, scaberulous,faintly 3-nerved,2Jobed, (especiallythe upper) pilose or glabrous on surLce, ciliate-piloseon the upper margins and sparselyso on the lobe margins, unequally 3-awned from lobes and sinus; awns on lower glume 6-7 mm (median) and 2-3 mm (laterals) long, on upper glume 8-9 mm (median) and 34 mm (laterals) long kmmas c b mm lon!.lexcluding iwns), caltilaginous, scaberulous,2-lobed, unequally 3-awned from lobes und"rinur, beaided in the lowir l/3 with silvery-white hairs in longitudinal series,pilose- ciliate on the upper margins (including lobe margins); awns c. 12 mm (median) and c' 7 mm (laterals) iong; callus c. 0.3 mm long, with glabrous blunt tip Paleasc 5 mm long' slightly longer than"body of lemma, membranous, oblong, subacute,bearded at basei keels ac"ute,-scabJrulous; flaps broad, with hyaline edges.Awns on upper lemmas similar to the lower ones or slightly longer. Caryopslsnot seen.
The speciesis known from only one locality on the escarpment of the Arnhem Land plateau of the Northern Territory.
Characteristic features, some of which are unique within the genus, include the 2lobed unequally 3-awnedglumes and lemmas,hairy leafsheaths,glumes and lemmas,many-flowered spikelet with exseded florets, and mostly glabrous palea
Par.ttlpe Northirn Territory: Darwin & Gulf District: DunloP 33'72(details as for holotype)'
Plectrachnecontorta Lazaddes,sp. nov. (Figures 3c, d, 4b, c)
Gramen perenne non-resinaceum;folia saepepilis simplicibus et tuberculis portatis pilosa; spicula flosculis 6-7; flosculi exserti supra glumas; glumae pilosaevel praecipuein.marginibus superis ciliatae vel glabrae, uniaristaiae; gluma infera integra; gluma supera bilobata sinu aristata; lemmata priofundebilobata, sinu uniaristata, secusmargines superosciliata, in parte I i 3 infera hirsutal arista valde cuNa vel contorta; palea longitudine colpore lemmatis, inter carinasin parte 1/3-l/2 infera,carinis ciliatis vel scaberulis '1924' Zlprr: Northern Territory: Darwin & Gull District: Lazarides 28 rr'73' c 7 5 miles SE of Mt Gilruth, 13'07'S, 133'09'E (holo:CANB; iso: BRI, DNA, K, L, PERTH, US). 'ropuels '8uol 'pesseJduroc ullu 9 l-l epoulelul slllqcEql :"lllqceql Jo xed" 1e peJelsnlcpu" 'e^oqE lelneu Suol ruru /-€ sellsrJq snoJq?csJJIIS repuels ol pecnpsJ lo11"l aql slelou € ^ll€nsn pu" leJou etlporqdeuueq ouo qll,t\ /a1a71ds3uo1 (spulu:01) ultu t-8 2 pu" (sl"J3l€l) seqcu€Jq,{J€ruud :esuep uIIu 96 qecrpad:u€d la,llol 3I{1uI pol€u',uoJ'8uol luc 8Z> ;palce]tuoc 'ruc g :oqtei I l-l x lI-6 apluDd el"lolTlc s?uruauos :e1oc i3uo1ruru 7 c eln8q 'ece;:ns 'lue8und 'alec11dnpuoc :se8pouo puqecs ,{1os:eds leddn uo snorqecs .{lesuop dleug 'esool 'wroJ\IU uoos 'elerat 'peur{clqt sopelq :qlnou 1" esolld sqleaqs :snorq€I8 sa^D/7 'snorq€13'aleJel 'sapou 'pepou '8uno,{ uoq,u )I.elq-e1d:nd'qloorus Je,l,\oloql le peqcu?lq €-Z sr{.{/rJ slJossnt ^J€oltc"druor 8u(uroJ'qBtq ruJ (06-lS/-09lDIuuaJad srlou$eJ-uou Jopuels '(Hf){gd :osr 'S :gNVl :oloq) S, ,LV "9Zl ,Zn "Vl'rapuerr"l\[ lrod o1 {Jerl uo du"r Suluru n?opld 'Z8 '9gg8 :"IlBrlsnV u:a1s:16:snr1,{-1 fpq"tfll lo f.'f-l OI llx / tr Dauuax :ecul^oJd ulequoN 'snqluolcnru sllnulul selue.IJocxaaeuutc lsuecseqndrulsl€ds seulJ?clolul 'eur1e(q eeecsuelquleul e:adns eued uI ueln" €ec"uoc "epd lsepnberut :a1lle1 1e,l 9/1 'rueld ,nliirn :tinr"utq sol"Jat?lIqol:sllreuul snu€Ipeursnqol :seJ"ln8u?ul rqol:sndJoJ]e 'tun]31sll3u1 'lunl"qolul 'ulnl?,\Jeu soqol relur unnuquoc rlncsqo euruJL :serl Jnbunlrld 'e,ued srlcnper slles surlnau srlncsoulunsjns le oltporqderu:aq opcsog BInJIds :elc"lluoc elnc,ued :tsoure: soule1ulsopou pB lulnJ :runeJeurser-uouepcer8 ouu:rod uauelg (q'16 ern8rg) ,tou ds'sepuezel sllloruauqJarlJald
'sNVl 'Ids) 's,20 '(lN 'vNo E,/s "ztl "tl 'e8ro9 'tl 'OVtl urJquoN :eppy JEcC ll lZ dolun1 :lcIrlsICI JInD T' ul,l\ ac :{ro}rrrel ad,ltDtDd
',{Soloqdrotu leleTds ur,{lpe{l"ru ot.toiuo) 's€ulruel pou,tle-l ,(13^Isnlcxeq1t,t snue8 aql uI selcedsroqlo f,po eql sJ"J!\p A 'slalou 'D\z\st.tuunauT)DtlJa/dr tuolg srutuel eqlJo suA\Epeuoluo, puE'ealBd]loqs '{le^q"lal 'peu/\\€-l peuosxe'seurnlS pu" "ulurol paqol-Z aql spnlJuI selcedsaql Jo seJnl"3Jo^usullsl(I ',{loll.ueI 'sdorclno pue senloqseuolspues uo uotuluoJ el:rrr slueld uJt{A\ uleqlJoN eql Jo nreteld put-l uraqurv aql uo sellll"Jol esolc fla,tql1a: o^u uro{ ud\ou{ sI srl'ads ouJ '3uo1 ( 'uorlelncrgu enbtlqo ,{Ie1nceqlt.tl utlu I c srpouJs]ul :]no$ Dlltv)oqA u:as 1oustjJu r3 'ru:g '3uo1 ultu 80 J safJryoT 3seqJ"eu u]oll snolnJeq"JsJo spjP^\dnJ]ElllJ sLJel:Z/l 'elllue 'al"lo3.u€J 'snoueJqruaru 'rauoqs -€ re,\\ol uI sleel uoe,tleq otnsrq fld\oJJEu ,{pq'} / I 'alnulru leq,&3urosro "ruulal ,,tpoq s" 8uo1 se oa1o4 dtl esnlqo snorqef qlt,t snllEc Jo 'pouoluoc :elpurrunJ?soqol :snolnlaq"ts ro pe,uncdlBuorls'3uol u.ru Zl-8 u,\\lr:pllql Je.&ol 'pe^Jeu 'snolnJeqPcs 'snuls eql ur olnsrq'sul8leul Jeddn oql uo el€lllc ,{l3rntsqo dlasuep 'snoueJqurour '(seqo1 uro{ peu^.\"pu" peqofz ,{ld$p dlurg pu" snllec Surpnlcur)3uo1 ulru pue eleuturnce 7g:" to**t1 snulsuro{ SuoJrutu St-Et ul\tl Jellulls€ seqol leclde 7 'auol 'olllue '8uol q1i,r,r tuu.t 9-g .reddn :8uol ulul 9-Z u,^aesnolnreqecs JJIIS lq3l"lls e qlr'rr rutu g-g ro,rol lsur8:erureddn eqt uo,{ll€Iceds3e}Ellrc-esold:o snorqelS'Fo{ luo.IJpeu^ul 'el"ulunc? 'snouEJqueru 'snoln.raqecs'pe1ee1 ,{losntqo 'pe^reu-[ IIluI"J dltulu P&rn1, saunF 'pele^\ou-r-9 '(su,1,\? e^oqp peuesxe s'leJou Sulpnlcxl) Suol rulu 8 x sQpllds Suol ulc a 'snoJlanbul > seqf,u"Jq,{r"ulud :eso|d ot pldsrq-snoJq"Js,{l€suep ,{lolnce suoISlAIppue 'ruc 'snorqElS srxE :asool € c x IZjl aPluDd Suol rullr I-8 0 eln8rl :asofiIdsd ro snoJq€JS '1q3u1s 'pl8u '8uol :o aln8q :eeu fllurcadse esolcl Iuc AI> sepElg qlnouJ le esolld ro pap.reeq'sur8:l?ur uo et"rlrc'slleq posEq-elc.leqnlpue eldurrsqtt,tt .{rruq lo snoJq"lS srylta?y'I' '.ol3rel 'Fpou-e-Z qroouts BultuoJaq ro snolnreqBrs suln) qa:l tu S0 l-06 0 stulnJ Fa?. 'o Suuo,\\ouiq8rq ruc A1 slcossnl e,rtlele8e,t:q8lq lu 90.t-0r'0 lotuuatad snoulsJr-uoN
's.pueze'I sesser8Jo exet lt{aN I l 280 Nu!'tsiaVol. 5, No. 2 (1984) glabrous, smooth. G/uznesmembranous, lanceolate, aouminate, entire, muticous, glabrous, scaberulousupwards, 3-nerved, longer than spikelet (excluding awns), lower 6-7.5 mm and upper 4.6-6.5 mm long. Lemma coriaceousto indurated, 3-lobed, 3-awnedi body (including callus) 1.8-2mm long, entirelyor partly pubescent,indistinctly nerved, sometimes (usually in mature spikelets)with a transversethickened ddge at base of lobes on the inner surface, but no articulation;Iobes flat, c.0.5 mm wide at base,attenuate with awns, tiangular, midlobe 3-nerved and the lateral lobes 2-nerved; awns 6-9 (median) and 5-6.5 (laterals) mm long (inc)udinglobes); callus c. 0.3 mm long; lodicules0.4-0.5 mm long. Paleo 2.2- 2.5 mm long, slightly longer than body of lemma, narrowly oblong and truncate, notched or entire,coriaceous in the lower 4/5 and abruptly membranousto hyalineabove, sparsely pubescent between keels; keels smooth and obtuse in the lower coriaceous part of palea, acute and scaberulousabove, excurrent as minut€ mucros; flaps narrow, with hyaline edges. Anthers 2.3-2.8mm long, purpie. Carlopsr,rnot seen.
The speciesis known from the Mitchell Plateau in the north Kimberleys of Western Australia, usually associatedwith damp habitats and iaterite.
Plectrqchne mollis has the two-t€xtured palea of P pungens (R. Br.) C. E. Hubb. and P. schinzii Henr., but is otherwise quite dissimilar, having a slender,compact habit, smaller spikelet with only one hermaphrodite floret, and no articulation between lobes and body of its lemma. A noteworthy leature oI similadty in the 3 speciesis the presenceof a transverse calloused ridge on the inner surface of the lemma at the base of the lobes. The leature, which appearsto develop with maturity of the spikelet,is recorded lor P pungens by Hubbard (1939),who referred plaots possessingthe characterto var. callosum.
By nature of their slender habit, especially the filiform scarcely pungent leaves, plants of P mollis are soft in aspect in comparison wilh the tough, xerophytic facies of many "spinilex"specics.
Paratlpes Western Australia: Northern Province-.Kenneally 7954,25l.82, weather station, 29 km N of mining camp, Mitchell Plateau,14" 34'10"S,125' 48'10"E(CANB, PERTH). Beqrd8380, 23.ii.79, Mitchell River Falls, Mitchell Plateau, 14o49'S, 125" 40'E (CANB, PERTH). Fry"xell & Craven 4042, 10.v.83, Mitchell Plateau, 29 km N of mining camp, 14" 35'5, 125' 47'E (CANB). Fryxel/ & Cruven4047, 11.v.83,Mitchell Plateau,20 km SE of mining camp, r4' 56',S.r25" 58',E(CANB).
The following specimensare sterile, but almost certainly belong to P mollis:- Western Australia: Northern Province'. Kenneally 4185, 13.vr.16,Airpo swamp, Mitchell Plateau,125' 48'E,14" 47'S (CANB, PERTH). i(enrecl/1s.n.,15.v.78, ibid (CANB, PERTH).
Plectrachneuniaristata Lazarides,sp. nov. (Figure 2c, d)
Gramen perenne non-resinaceum; spicula quadriflora; glumae bilobatae, uniaristatae; flosculi similares, sursum gradatim parviores, glumis inclusi; lemmata bilobata, uniaristata, indimidio infero margineset costam ciliata; arista acutecurva vel recuNa; palea quam corpore lemmatis leviter longior, glabra, carinis angustealatis. '1764, rypus : Northern Territory: Darwin & Gulf District: Lazarides 17.ir.73,c. 28 miles SE of OenpelliMission, 133' 25'E, 12" 29'S(holo: CANB; iso; BRI, DNA, K, L, PERTH, US).
Erect non-resinousperennia\ vegetative tussocks 30-45 cm high; flowedng culms 0.90- 1.20 cm high. Culms c. 4-noded.,terete, branched near base, minutely scaberulots. Leqves 'peqclou 'esnlqo 'Suolqo 'snou€rquteul '8uol ,{rl?q ,{las.I?ds ro elecunrt ,{I,^dorrsu ultu t-t Z 'dr1 'enbrtqo '8uol oa1o4 esntqo snorq€I8 qtr.r pepr"eq urur Z 0-1 0 snl/rJ 8uno,{ ueq,,!l 'peuoll?u qsrtdrnd'segpa Suole snoJq"Js su,t\E:8uol rulu 8 t-g Z pu" peu,^i\"ro'8uol utul g l -z I puE sselu/i\€ ssqol PralEI :3uol ruru L-9 v utll'E pu? aqol uElpeu :a^oqe snoln]eqecs 'r/.-./r rr/foI aqt ur ,{JrErlf,1rc1n8erjr pu" ,{las]€ds'(pulSr"uqns sl"J3l"l) p3^rau-S-f dllurP,J 'pou^\"-€ 'peqol-[ 'snou"Jqruoru '(sn1ec ,(lpnbeun Jo pou,,',ie-I pue ,{poq) Suol ruur € Z-9 1 'repuols '8uol Duual $aMoI uort"lncrtre enbqqo:elndnc qlP\ ruul S I-8 0 sterou ellileJ oql uee,^i\loqsopouretur :snlFc puB3urnlS reddn uee,,t\l3q3uo1ullu g g c'seutn18:oddnpue:a,tro1 'pessuduloc uee.rleqSuoy ruur Z 0 c'qloous.ro se8peuo snolnreq€Js o lWDqV lurcJue11o 'tuol '8uol sleJelEl3ql qlr,\\ pa^reu-€ ruru 1-g g :eddn :poNeu-l ruru 9 6-t t le,$ol :qloolus '(3uo1 'et€ultunc€ ro snolnJoq"cs ruru tl>.) at€lnlsueo1 eleynprdsnc'peqclouro ertue 'snoueJqruelu sauryD pecrrpeJ pue Jelneu roput?ure] eql pu? oltporqd"rurJq slJlolJ 'pue^\og-9-t '(su,\\e Z ro,rol eqt ,{1ensn ,{lesool Surpnlcxo) Suol ulur 8j staPTlds SuoI rulu Z-6 0 slsJrpod :snortenbul ,(1e1nceslecrped pue soqcueJq :sllxE ur luacseqnd ssayJo oloul 'pa^oorS 'peqqu srxe 13uno,{ueq,t qslldrnd 'snorq"cs ,{lesuepsuorsr,lrp pue srxe :3uol urc I J:> (serueJ"r) seqau€rqf:e1qos alduts snorerunu uo elturtxo:dde tll snon?Iluoc pue punJes'ot"uosrqs1ele1rds eqt'esuop Jeq]".r ot rsool'ulc g-t x IS-08,{lpnsn alJti.ird eleITIJ ,{luBd ro snorq€I8 .rEIIoJ:8uol (IIru I J aln8rl :ueeJ8-fulqs pu" e}eolldnpuoc fltq8lt uoos '8uno,{ uoq,r snocnelS pue peuelleg tr1ensn 'esonx3u 'snolqeF .ro eln8ll Jeau ,ftIeq 'se8pe '8uol Suop ,{11cr:d-puqecstrleurds'eJ"Jrns raddn oqt uo trl€eur-snoJq"cs (llc Sl:> sapow '3uo1 'slleq uru 4>> srreq dJe^psJJus qtl,ir qtnou 1" pepreoq ,{lloo,\\ poduluc Jo ltlSlells qtr,tr ur8:uru ralno eql uo oterTrcsrytraryS sopelq yo ged re,toy pu" sq]"eqs uo flercedse snoursorsadraT -3s"qJ"eu paqcueJq'sno1n:eqecs ,{Ie1nu[u ]o qloolus rpopou-t c'pSssojdruoc {pq8qs :o eleret swUqBH r! 99 I-06 0 surlnc Suuo,\\ou::epr.'!\ ur (S Z-)8 1-S 1 sdrunlc 'epr,u 'q8rq '.luuuatad Suruuol urc 06-9l tu3 gt-0t s{cossnl ea.rtete8e.t Jll"urorE plJsl^ '(HIUad ur tuou8eJJ') :oloq) u s aoa,{6r'tsaoctso^\-q oN :ecul\ord uJequoN :"IleJtsnv '/Jg6l) 'sepr:tzr1 urerselN: adI 18 :(€) tt rsnv l[ cos tro5 1 :(ZS6l)t8 :(1) 1 lsny '/(\ 'Eou 'qqnH lc'reuprEc:(lt6l) 0t lul csrll IInfl ,\\0, E I laou,tq auqrurlrald 's1ue1d 's1a1ar1rds lraql lo trq"q aql ur pue eql Jo tunluarunput pue ,{Soloqdrorueql ur secueleJJrppe{]"lu elB eJeqt'Duoluo) a rJlIL\ uoslJedruoc uo peu^\B-l e:e 1ale{ds eq1 'Duotuo) ur sBuruol aq! lv. auqJou:)ald gdecxe snuo8 eq1 ul selcedsJarllo true e{Ilull 'sercedseq1 go u/i\ou)l uortcallooad,(1 eq1 ,{1ug
'sprE^\dnJollcurs ,{llenperg 'tse,$oleqt ol r"lrurs 'repuols 'qtoorus 'pesseJdruoc spto[ ]addn Suol rulu I c sopourf,]ur qfq)DqY vees pu 'snolnroqecs stsdof,to2 3uo1ruur g 1 c uaqtuy !rcd n]{.ol eqt uI peBuIA\,{l,^(\orr"u sloo{ :xod€ 'snorq"F 'Suolqo-r?eurl 'snouElqureur 'EulrueJ snolnJrqr:,Js.rrtu, qlr,/r\ Jo fpoq ueql JaSuol '3uo1 fllrl8rTs ,a1rd uon"lnJry€ enbrlqo pue dq esnlqoqns snorqelS qtu,t urur t 0 c snllec 'snolnJoq"cs 'uEd '8uol :pe^rnier ro pe,unc ,{ydreqs re^\ol oqt uI piuotlpu ruru [J c u,\\€ :snursruo4 peu,rB pue 3uo1 urur 1 J soqol snocllnlu oleulrunJ? pcrde 7 qll,'t'xade sprel,rol 'e^.reupllu '(saqol snolnr3q"cs ,{letnurul pu? sur8JEluuo % ro^\ol oql ur eterlrc pue snlleJ 'spre,udn Surpnlrur)Suol ruru g g-gDulual $atto7 3uo1utru g y J u,rre snolnreqecsreddn i3uo1 'snolnraq?cs r.uru g 0-9 0 u,r" eq] ,{lasuepre,rol :snurs uro4 et"ln}srJ" pue 3uo1 ruru g g c 'snou€e|puc soqole]"ururnc€ snocrlnur pcrde Z qlre\'pelJeu-g-[dlernrsqo o1 snou€rqurour '(u,re SurpnlJuo 3uo1 ruur 9-g sauryg seurnlS ,{q pesolcue (su,,t\eSulpnlcxe) steJoll 'pere^\ou-t '^\orr"u '(su.'trESurpnlcxe) 3uo1 ruru g t s1a1a1tdgSuol (sl"ululre]) ulru gl puB '8uol (sl€ratEl) luru g slecrped:ruur 8-g re,^\ol rql ur pe{Eu ruc II> seqcuerq freruud 'ruc :snorq"Js pu" paqqu ,{lSuorls suorsr^rppuE srxe :asool g > x 0t-> apuDd 3uo1urur 1 'c 'lue8und 'ru]oJrTU'8uol aln8rl :ecelrns reddn eql uo snorq?os dloug ruc 0i>! sepelg 'se8peeql uo otElorIc,{lelnuruI selcunEpepunor q]l[ sqpaqs sno:qe13'sno1n:eqecs .(lasuep
's:puEzE_I I'32 slssEr8Jo E}?l ,$aN W 2a2 NuYtsiaVol 5,No 2 (1984) between keels in c. the lower [, scaberulouson keels upwards, flaps with hyaline margins Lodicules 0.2-0.3 mm long, membranous. Anthers l-1.'7 mm long, olten purplish. Caryopsis c. 1.5 mm long, oblanceolate,obtuse, acuminateat bas€,slightly compresseddorsally, somewhatflattened on the hilar {ace,brown; embryo c. 0.6 mm long,basal, obovate. Seconrl lemma always 3-awned, otherwise similar to the lowest one, the median lobe and awn 5- 6 mm long, the lateral lobes and awns 3.8-4.8 mm long. Upper lemmas reduced usually to the awns. (Figure 4d-h).
The above description, derived from the matedal cited, emends the original one bascd entirely on the holotype, which I consider to be an ccotypic variant. [n its original sense, Plectrqchne bynoei rs characterized by the absence of lateral awns on the basal lemma (unlike the 3-awned condition of the remaining lemmas in the spikelet) and by thc large glumes of the spikelet relativc to the florets. This combination of features representsthe exceptional state in the morphological variation in evidence.In the material studied' plants with considerably smaller spikelets and with the lemmas all 3-awned clearly predomlnate over those resemblingthe holotype or intermediate in the range of variation.
The speciesis the dominant grass over extensive areas of rugged mountain rangcs of outcropping sandstoneand quartz in the Kimberleys, WesternAustralia, and adjacent parts of the Northem Territory. In the field the large, spreading clumps with their numerous, tall flowering culms and curling highly resinous, shining green leaves present a stdking feature in habit.
Spe(:imensexamined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Northe rn Province Beauglehole 51894, 2.vi.76, King Edward River, Mitchell Plateau road, c. 200 km W of Wyndham (CANB) Burbidge 5137, 14.iv.56, Martin's Gap, E of Ord River (CANB) Dunlop 5240, 22.\i.80, Mitcheli River, 14" 50'S, 125'42'E (BRI, CANB, DNA, NSW, NT, PERTH). Dunktp 5558.23.ii.80.Mitchell Falls,Mitchell RiYer,14'50'S, 125'42'E (BRI, CANB, DNA, PERTH). Hopkins BA005l & 84.0086, and Kenneally 8284, 11.vi.it2, Sunday Island, BuccaneerArchipelago, 16" 25'S, 123' l1'E (PERTH). Hopkint BA0ll3, Long lsland, BuccaneerArchipelago, 16' 34'S, 123" 22'E (PERTH). Hopkins 8A0406,23 vi.82, Irvine Island, BuccaneerArchipelago, 16" 05'S, 123' 32'E (PERTH). Kenneally 6753, 20.v.78, 14" 125"57'E(CANB, PERTH) Kenneally SE of Amax campsit€on ThedaStalion road, 56'5, '1021. 61105.22.v.?8, Mitchell Plateau, 14" 49'5, 125' 46'E (CANB, PER-| H\ Kenneally 5.ii.79, Mitchell Plateau, l4' 47'5, 125' 48'E (CANB, PERTH). Kenneally 7655, 24.vr.82, Deep Water Point, Dampier Peninsula, 16" 40'S, 123' 05'E (CANB, PERTH). Kenneally 7190& 7791, 19.i.82,approx. 30 km NW of Mitchell River Mine, 14' 35'5, 125" 43'30"8 (CANB, PERTH). Kenneally 7899, 22.i.82, Mitchell River Falls, 14' 49'20"5, 125' 41'40"E (CANB, PERTH). Kenneally8012 & 8012B,28.i.82, Kellyt Knob, I km N of Kununurra, 15" 46'5, 128" 30'E (PERTH). Kenneally 8323, 14.vi.82,Lachlan Island, Buccaneer Archipelago, l6' 38'S, 123" 29'E (PERTH). Kenneally 8412,20.vi.82, Hidden Island, Buccaneer Archipelago, 16" l5'S, 123" 29'E (PERTH). Kenneally 8426,21.v\.82, &' 8449, 22.vi.82,Gibbings lsland, BuccaneerArchipelago, l6' 09'S, 123' 31'E (PERTH) ltng/ield 206, l4.i\.56, Deception Ranges (CANB, PERTH). I'azorides 2945, 10.vn.52,Thompson's Springs, 42 mi SE of Kimberley Research Station (BRI, CANB, K, PERTH). I'azarides 6595.\, 6.x.59,6 mi S of OobagoomaStation (CANB). Ittzarides6716, 3.iii.63, Carr Boyd Range,40 mi SE of Kununurra (BRI, CANB, K, L, MEL, NSW PERTH, US). I'azarides 6722. lbid (CANB, K, NSW, PERTH). Lazarides6725, rbrd (AD, B, CANB, K, MEL, P). Ltzarides 8516, 12.iii.78,Carr Boyd Range,20 km ENE of Dunham River homestead (CANB). Pen 11,27.vr.82.Sir Frederick lsland, BuccaneerArchipelago, 16' 07'S, 123' 24'E (PERTH). Petheram570, 18.iii.80,I km S of Dunham River bridge,Kununurra, 16" 09'S,128' 22'E (CANB, NT, PERTH). Robertss.n.,1.ii.61, Ord River (PERTH). '(6t 61l 'Sunlleql L1L:19 tlxrrrlz SeD j.rnl"u rqrsL\ ..sl.toltpol pog'(^ou) ue8qns Io^ lcas,, 'unpnu '(ZI8l) '6, ' uaurou SEI tsor8v ssA ,\n€eg d DSoltDSis!rclq) () :osr:-lgt{ :o1oq)u s &o8a.ig '{ee.IJ q nts :ecur^ord u3etuora:erlerlsnv ura1se16:adf (2861)Itl seFiA S NJo sessE]C'lElrrrL$qi[:(L861) Sl 'lE 'doss:1 sele/d s N urelsei&Jo slueld la ruzqSuruun3:(1861) 99t lsnv lPrlurJ 14 ut ' 'l '(dossel ' seprr"zE'I :QL6I) r0Z tlpa pr€ td rsnv S 1g sl^er) {celg :(l L6I) 0n :(Z) 6l ros 'Iolg 'lTng 'uosrepuY 'ros ']og rS ^rufl 3uno1 ureq8r:g :(ZL6I) ZZ'9 ou lddns I 'lsnv 'sepuszE'I 's3plr3z"-1 :(016i LS lsnv I€rlueJ Jo sasserc :\2961) 0zz :(l) I ]snv 'r3upr€c 'l ' 'rsnv '1ce1g ur5ls3/A Ic :(tt6l) z ld lrpe puz s Ic :[161) 9t ,{rolll]eJ- 'sel^e(I 'uIuIoO urequoN IC T, u".t\E :(9161)0/t :(98) 0Z log qlolqlg :(2061)968I :9 '1g ',{olreg ''rllueg puelsuaan| :(8/81) tI9 :L lsnv IC :(/9Sl) S8 :9 lsny r.{q6 ur8e:g 'flenhl 'sepueze'I C osol.toJssltolq) tlo peseg Aou quoc (n"ntt U) EsolrBJsslrolqJ,{xo 'pu"Feztr,\\suI e^.Ilue^pE:slolpled qtot pue qltl uoe,,!\l3qelTerlsnv ur'l sJrJldS 'spJs.t\dn 'xed? 'paqloo]-Z lel"tus ,{[enp"€ eql Jo {c"q eql u!o.Upeu^\E 'snolq"F 'pe^lou-(/-)g 'snouBcs Jo snouejqtu3lu 'e1q-3ut,Lrpue pepuedxa soutwal statotrf a/r./als urcr8 oqt s" SuoI se b/t-./t odlqtua :cIldITIero Jeeull lEsl]q ulnlq :{r€q aql Jlastr 'snouo8rrl 'e]",\oqo uo xa,\uoJ 'oJeJ .r"1q eql uo e^eJuoJ s'ls/o,f'rrJ la:og .1o xede :eeu 'asournld pegesxe 'eldrnd .ttultrts'.t sDqtuY {t"q pu" }uo{ eql uo surl uelpeur ,{\oreu E 'pesseldluoa 'pallnc 'lue8und pue drl snorqelS e rog ,{lesuep Jo lrl8lells ldecxe luecseqnd '11es1r :n11rq"nq:"qt q],^ ..tonuttuo" 'pel"8uole sn2o3 spre,trdn peaul^\ ^l,l.t.olleu eapd 'snoc4nlu erlt u"ql Jeuoqs,(pq8qs s1ae1:snolq"l8 esr,tleqlo sloo{ pu" xede uo el"lorllc 'peqclou'atnJ€'snouelquretu'"Iutuolsll sESuol sera/rJ l"ul3l€uqns ss^leulelel"l eql pue 'xed€ pJ8uololdpu€ peqqu 3^rauplu eq} eql Jo IJ"q 3qt l1lo.{8ulsl.l? u^\E snorqP)s P o}ur 'e,\]euprlu:eeu ped le,,!\ol eqt ul puB se^leu I"J3l"l oql uo xed€ .I?3u sll€q Jo sl]nl qll.{\ 'pe^leu-t'{J"q tql uo xo,\uoJtr13uo:1s'peq1oo1-7'sut8:eur snoururquteur lo snouecspeoJq qlr^\ 'pe]"rnpul o] snoulSell]l€c Dluual'.seuo 3lllals eql u"ql lellElus latoLl[aluQJ zJqua 'sno:qep 'polea{ 'pe^Jeu-l 'snoueJquJu 'lenbaun rl,no1 oqt 'peqo17 raddn eql sauinTg 'elllqc"ql 'epo;retur pate8uole peue{cltlt " ,{q leJou elltleJ eqt uloll pel"ndas uoqs ,{r3^ " 'relnau uo peJetsnlc's"epd lnorlllA\ repuleule.raql :ellpoJqd"uueq le.lou IESeq:eloq^\ € se auqlq 'pere,,r.og-9-,ppllds slrBq pesEq-elcJ3qnlpuE 3ldtuls qll\\ (selcunpadeq]) ro esolld 'pelcunped -r.,o-,qn"r 'snoJionbut saplqJ"qr :sel'llds]uo8le^Ip ro pesserdde {1goqs elellSlp 9-€ slleq e{ll 1o a,>uatsatol[u1euEJqurau et"lorllJ lleuls e clnSII :sul8l€u] peue{crql 3q1 Suol€ -o11cudpeseq-eJcreqnl qll'!\ '3]nlo^uoJ Jo 1€u:"t\orrBusapelq :p3lcJ3qnl ueuo sa^oal:pepou- L-9 pue eldruts ^ll€nsn 'peqqu 'sleJel Jo passeJduox sLulnc'.lDluuatadpa{l-uoqs ro f)nuuY ( llenN .{ oi^ol.tD)ss:uolqJ) soPll€zel ( 11anyqg) zsor'rarssttoltlt{xg :"^ntli1 snqlArJu-L-gsll"le a1€lsnqllctuural runluals ulnJolnJsoUle'IluaSund or€'uoraolr"c'sulneu suero'eorPulEBTi]p{r,l;T.l ililr-,l,Jti::ffilHJ'r::iil:," '(HJU:Id 'tEht ') '{NVJ 'IUg) ,^NSN 's8uuds ',6v '6192 'Hluad uor]"ls uolu€J Jo g llu 0/ .IoIESIIIVrzev rr^Lz [uad (sn 'l!!SN ') 'SNVJ 'iug 'CV) 'a9 '966a "Iahl peelseruoquolFeJ Jo gS Fu (J8 tl\'72 fN ') 'SNVJ 'IUg) epuoz/I (Sn'UfXEa lN ,^ASN p"elseuoquollreJ lo A lu 9E'Z9ll^ ZZ '1662 'SNVJ) 'Z9 '2862 saplrDztrJ(U.fUaa fN pBersauor{uollreJ Jo ANA lltt S9 II^ IZ 'plql '28 'Zgt 'S,Ln '^apuDzDt(SNVJ) e,to "6Zt'5,6t "El ^t SZ 3u1.X(SNVJ) A,S0.6?,1 'plql'tgt '{red '7g,rt '66 .91 tu.rt (qNVJ) E,t6.6ZI'S,6t "91 IeuoIl"Nre^rU da:1 g; '-IAhl 'VNO) 'S,6t 'r{rEd Srty (,tSN E,90"6ZI "SI IsuoI}"Nre^lt doay'{Jo11eut[pun16 '1911'17'p679 'sNVJ 'IUg) '{]3d dolunQ (HlUad rN'vNC a,90.671'5,9' o9l IeuolreN 'l8lll 'Ell.E :a.rradoe; €Z dolung :ptnsrq re^r)lelrolcl^ :IUOI-IUUEI NUEHI-UON 'sePu€ze,l sossEr8Jo ex?] d\oN t{ 284 NuFsiaVol. 5, No 2 (1984)
Annual or short-li\)ed perenniel 15-41 cm high. Culms (3-)5-7-noded,glabrous. ,lrave.s strongly nerved,often glaucous;sheaths much sho er than culm internodes;blades .<16 cm x <3.5 mm, finely acuminate,scabrous or pilose(especially on upper surface)with simple and tuberole-basedhairs or tubercledonly; ligule c.0.5 mm long. Sp/res 1.8-4.5(- 6) mm long. G/unres scaberulous on nerve or smooth, often purple; lower 3-5 mm long, narrowly elliptic,obtuse; upper 5-8 mm long, oblanceolateor oblanceolate-eliiptia,truocate. Fertile Jloret: cqllus 2.5-3 mm long; lemma 3.3-5 mm long, obovate, bearded near apex with white hairs (1.5 mm long, olten purple or brown; awn 5.5-8mm long;palea elliptic or obovate, sometimes sparselyscabrous between keels; caryopsis 1.3-2 x c. I mm, brown, snthers 0.8-l mm long. Slerile florej. lemmas Ltsttally3-4 mm long, orbicular-elliptic to broadly elliptic, often yellowish-green when young and brown when mature; own (3-4)4- 7 mm long. Rhachillu-internode between fertile and sterile florets 1-1.5 mm long, flattened or groovedalong one side,with a basaltuli ol hairsotherwise glabrous. (F'igure 1a, b).
Distdbuted in all mainland States except Victoria; predominant in arid and lower rainfall areasof the Northern Territoryand Queensland,often in salinesoils. The characteristicfeatures of C?/o/LrJcarlosa are well known and its segregationto generic rank has been consideredpreviously by Clayton (1967),Lazarides (1972) and Anderson (1974). After continued research on generic boundaries within the tribe, I am elevating the taxon on the basis of its elongated,pungent callus, a unique feature wilhin the subfamily Chloridoideae,and its 4-6-flowered,winged spikelet,which more closelyresembles the spikelet of Tbtropogon Desf. than that ol Chloris Sw. A speciesof arid regions and hard soils, thesefeatures are seenas evolutionary adaptationsto aid germination and dispersal.
Specimens exqmined. QUEENSLAND: Cook District: Brass l'710, ii.27, Gilbert River (CANB, K). Brass 1790,8.ii.31,Forest Home Station (CANB, K). Domin s.n., Il.I9l0, Metal Mtns, Chiltagoe(PR, ex K). Ltzorides4173,26.ii.54, 4 mi N of Lynd Station(CANB). North Kennedy Drstrict: Lezarides 7145,4.iv.65, Lansdown Pasture Research Station, 35 mi S ol Townsville(CANB, K). BurkeDistict: Hubbard & Wnders7610, l4.ii.3l, Chudleigh Park Station, I l0 mi N of Hughenden (BRI, CANB, K). Itzarides 424E, 3.iv.54, Nonnan River, near Normanton (AD, BRI, CANB, K, MEL, NSW NT, PERTH, US). Purdie 2180,24.ix.81, c. 10 km NE of Hughenden,20" 48'S, 144" l7'E (CANB). Mrulers 7436, f.ii.3l, Mt Isa (BRI, CANB, K). South Konnedy Dtstricr'.Adums 1076, 14.vii.64,6 mi E of Pasha Station (BRt, CANB, K). Pt Cu is Drstttctt Bov,man s.n., Gracemere (BR, K). Warrego Drstrct: Allen 87, 6.rrr.42,"South Glen" E ol Cunnamulla (CANB). Blake 5464, 23.w.34,Earlstoun Station, betweenQuilpie and Windorah (BRI, CANB). /(e1 & Chinnik 7230,2.v.5'7,20mi NNE of Charleville(CANB). Purdie & Boyland 167,25.n.76, 5l km N or Charleville,26" 0l'S, 146' 27'E (BRI, CANB). Rutledges.n., 2.v.49, Quilpie (BRI, CANB). Gregory North Distdct: -Evelnt 3264, 23.xr.41, Ardmore, c. 25 mi W of Dajarra (BRI, CANB). Maranoa District: S.ZQ.S. 1337,10.iii.53, "Deiran" W of Bollon (CANB). District unknown: Dqviess.n., v.39, Kalimoo, Carmoo (CANB). NORTHERN TERRITORY: Darwin & Gulf District: Perry 1218,3.vi.48,60 mi N of WollogorangStation (BI{1, CANB, K, NT). Perry 1822,30.vii.48, on coast 35 mi E of Borroloola (BRl, CANB, K, NT). Barkly Tableland: NT (Chipperulale) 1068, 10.iii.55, 26 mi S ol Elliott (CANB, NT). Perry 195, 4.vn.47, 0.5 mi E of Muckety Homestead (CANB, K). Perry 551,24)v.48,8 mi N ol TennantCreek township (BRl, CANB, K, NT). Victoria River District: NT (Chippendale) 5698,3.iv.59, 66.9 mi NE of Tanami(CANB, NT, PERTH). CENTRAL AUSTRALIA: Burbidge& Grqy 4194,19.ix.55, E of UndoolyaGap (CANB). Burbidge & Gray 4216,20.ix.55, on Stuart Highway approx. 30 mi N of Alice Springs (CANB). Carr 1684(& Beauglehole45463), 12.v\.'74,c. 138 km W of Alice Springs (CANB). Cleland 349,9.viii.31, Burt's 'Nell (K). Cleland s.n., l2.viii.32, Mt Liebig (K). Cleland s.n., 23.viii.36,Pine Hill Station (K). Gardners.n., i.53, Burt Plain (PERTH). Gqrdner 11636, 'r?rlsjlsnv'J s3rJeos 'Jeln 'ur"r8 r3 Jo t/I l"s€q ur urnlrq:epr^\s" lsourp pu€ Jleslr uler8 eql s€ Suol se % c o,{:qure lalgo:d ur xe^uocrq'pesseJdruocfllEsrop 'et"eunJ 'uug '8uol slsdoitD) xede peqclou rluA\ ruur Z 0 c saln)ry)o1 ee:3 se1d1s:e1d:nd 'asorrjnld '3uo1 'g srrltrls ,{ll"urutral popasxe urur 1 c soqluv esr.q eql J"eu fltdnJqE 'peuolpg 'adeqs ueplr qcrq^\ surSJerupe^Jncul qtr,r'(pelea{-Z lou lnq) pe^Jeu-Zdllurej pue qfurl ur €ruulel ot r?lrurs aa7a2,surSreru pe^JnJur qtr.r 'pe^Jau-/-g ,4pue;'1ceq oq1 'es?q 'elnc€qns 'cr1dr1le uo x€Auoc dJesnlqo l€ rlEcunrl ol asnlqo :o 3uolqo outual ndd11 'edr1s s1rlnoqlr,trr Jo rllrd\ SuD"lncru"srp 'edrls JepuaJS" uo euroq ',{sso13'qloours 'snoJrJnru 'crldrlle 'snooJelsnrJ 'toler{rds Jo pell?rnpur sp Suol sE 7 tsouJIEptol/ Qaddn) allua{ Eeled 'aleutunce-8uol 'peNau-fuEur 'snoupJqrueru Jo ]eJoUlnoqlr^\'peu,r" ol aleprdsnc ,{l8uor1s 'lalar'lrds 'el"ulluncE eql Jo ezrspue edEqstql Suluruljelep r4rual .ra oj peu,$e01 el"prdsnc -3uo1 'teleTds u"ql .reuoqs .{pcurlsp ro ,{pq8qs reddn :etelnlsu? o} snocunu '1e1e)Ilds;o 'lololrds es€q SuISolJuo s€ Suol sB % c ro,4\ol:"llrqceqJ uo ]uourqJ?tte lo sturod Jreqt l€ peteredes'po^Jeu-,{u"ru ,{l8uorls 'snouEJqlueIIl'pnbeun saturyg aypotLldeut:eqteddn 'relneu 'pere,,!\og-Z 'pepr^rp rr,\{ol p1a4dg xede ur.rolqndnc" rltr^\ slocrped:srxE uo tuetsrp leqler 'pelJoq,t-Iures dno€ lse.t\ol aql Jo eleu-l seqcur:q elcrur:d ^J"ruud :srxe per'leueql ,{luo 'uorl"lncrue 'slrx€ 3ur,teelpuu f1r:n1eu 1eSurlelncrpesrp pelculsuoc ,{1daepe qlr,r Il€ Jrer{tur 'es€q seqcuerqpu" qecrpadaqt pue Jreqt1€ s1e1e1rds eq1 isoqcuerq frepuoces pue .{JElUuduo pellecrped-8uo1pue ,{:r1r1oss1e1e4ds eqt'3lJrued esool pepeJtuoc e rrkarsalolll4 euarqwawr aterTrc" eln8rl :teu 'rEeurl sop€lq :prpou-,\\rJ 'poqJuElq ,{1es:edsro eldulrs srulnc :/rnra}r' '(ulwoe saploisdtuoqJsapwn)luDd) s)pueze'I (urwog) saptotsdu.tDp^^apV :sndtJ 'srleprdsncanbrunreld snqoqurerpnbeeur o:oyursleutuel e:edns erunlS'aElncrdsurs"q rlua^lo^ur"l?no elel €JoJuretunl?'urpredns le uereJuru"runlS Jelur olcnpo:d orpou:e1ureullrqcrq: 'sr1rdr1surrs"q pe olnJrue runc o1elrdr1srlpo; olnosoLI'e€lncru"d runrolecrpad le runJorueJ lunruluo srTJrxeur rlJll?suoJ rlnorpu etlueser:d tnltn8u4sr6
Aou ue8'sepueze.I(e?urcrued'opoclu"d) sllsoJ8sJquv
'(HfUEd) '.lS 'qL\OI eflng "loohl ^ 01 .taupnt :acul,\o.rdureq oN (HJ){gd) qlrH oAIEg' u s IuaqDlJ,O (g1AE6 'y) s.Ie.rrXenrseuoC pu" 'E881 ''u eu{ocseC uee.r}eq s tuly S? :ecur^ord uEeurerE:YI'MIISnV NdEJ_S:L A. '()) dtrt?rolesrcard lnoqtlr'tLI assoD:tseE quoN :Vl'lVUlSnV HlflOS '({NVJ) 't9 '808 Elooctv lo ,^\N lru 9 lx 8 quowlulrLl (gNV)) 'V9 'gtJVl) s8uuds puog lo 1!\ lu ZZ ^16(.'g1aquonlutrLl ON s8uuds erIV Jo N rru I€ 'Z9 '(96t6IN) 'UfUaa lx 9l 965aunoqult\S (iN) "rTerlsnv prtueJ' \r's \StnqwoLl)S (Ut,ryf ') 'gNVl 'IUg) 'S,6t 's8uuds E,lq "e o€Z errlv lo ^ASSur{ c'LL\|62'9Z9OI .IN ') 'SNVJ 'Idg) '[S '89ef ua nd (.Sn ,^NSN uorlets q"qrue Jo S }u S IIJ0[ ,1lrrd '0_N 'SNVJ) '29 ' s8uuds ef,rTVJo N Iur t t ^ nZ 1106OlDpuaddlqt IN (HJ.Uad J.N 'SNVJ) '89 'IZIV 'SNVJ) runpurTequv to ,^\N,\\ Iru fl II gZ OtDpuaddlq)) JN ON 'U 'eroq '9q 'tt6z 'SNVJ) S re^opues 8t ou Jo ,lA lru 9 l yl 8l OlDpuaddlq)) JN ON 'tS '6tt 'SNVJ) deg e,{loopun Jo E elrur I lx 6 Qt,puaddflD) JN (lN sSuuds eJltv '69111 'tl8l lo N Iur 6z'retc qlercJl^tr 8z uos7a17(1t\l'SNVJ) s?uuds ecrTv.Io N rm 'fe,rq8rH '69 ' 'SNVJ) Zt uents r'lz 6tBI uoslaN (HlUEd aN s8urrdg ecqy ;o g rur 'uretd 'B9I\'9 'tZ9I 'SNVJ) 'n9I 'nO6 'gyy3) t€ ng uosla,r,,(1p plql 9I uosTalg(15 'e9 ' 'SNVC) 't9 plql ll^ 6 609 uoslaN (:_t\l 8ur:dg acrly Jo N lur 6Z 1"lC ql"rCrw rr|lZ '999 'flNVJ) '99 '(/€61I 'SNVJ) aos)rM 0-N uort€ls uosrue(Ithl 11 LN) tI uluDn (JN '/9 '(991Zl de,&q8rg genlg 1o 16 ru EZp"or nuepuen uo ^1 / IN) 19 atqrouDrl4/ (SNVJ) '9S '0829 'tS s8urrdgecqy 1o ,4ANNlur fl ^ €l epltDzoT (HIuEd) su,ro(I uollrurEH rr|f l
sessvr8Jo Ex?l A\eN topuez€T W (1984) za6 Nuytsiavol 5,No 2
Arthragrostis deschampsioides(Domin) Lazarides' comb. nov. Based on Psnicum deschaipsioicles Domjn, giUlioth. Bot. 20(85):320 (1915) T.t'pe:Queensland: No.1h Kennedy District'.Domin 1208,lL19l0, CastleHill, Townsville(holo: PR).
Slender flaccid annuql 17-50 am high. culms terete or compressed,striate to ribbed or sroo\,ed.c. 4-noded.Alabrous, smooth. Zs4v"J thin, hispid to hinute with tubercle-based 6r rimplc hairs, usualll also a icw longer stiff hairs 3-4.5 mm long on margins of blade near ligule, with numerous ribbed or prominent nerves.Steaths shorter than culm intelnodes. Blades <9 cm loose,ispecially 'filmty the upper ones sometimespartly glabrous and smooth. x < 2.8' mm, pointea, with thickened white scabrous margins; ligule 0 5-0 8 mm long; collar not dem iriated. Panicle < 25 x 2-5 cm; axis upwards and all divisions triquetrous u, iomp.essed,densely scabrous, {iliform; primary branches {12 om long; pedicels1l- 25 mm long. Spikelet;4-5 x l-1.5 mm. Lower glume 2-4 mm long (includingawn)' ovate, obtuseto subacute,7-n..ved,soabrous especially on nervesand marginsand on the lnner surlace towards ap€x, attached 0 3-0 4 mm below the upper glume Upper glume 3-6 3 mm long (incluclingawn), with 9-11 ribbed neNes,lanceolate, scabrous on back and in the uppier'parton th" inn". surlace.Zower lemmq 3.8-7.5mm long (includingawn), narrowly lanceoiate,g-nerved, glabrous and smooth on back, scaberulouson margins, sparselyhatry in the upper part on the inner surface. Fertile .floret 1.5-17 mm long, striolate' stlpe c' 0.3 mm long. Caryopsis 1.2-1.4x 0.7 mm, euiptic to slightly obovate, obtuse' pallid' smooth' (Figure le-g).
Apparently restricted in distribution, the speciesis representedby collections from the North Kennedyand Cook District$ol Queensland
Panit:um deschamp'-loide.ris segrcgatedas a new genus on the basis of a number oi distinctive morphological leatures. Iti diagnostic character, the absolute disarticulation of the panicle into component divisions, appears to be unique within the Tribe However, partial disarticulation in the inllorescencedoes occur in monotypic' Australian endemicgenera (paructuenum P Beauv., PlagictsetumBenth., PseudochaetochloaHilc|Lc., ur\nthoecium Stapf), and elsewherein the Paniceae(Stenotaphrum Trit ' PennisetumL C Rich )'
ln Paractsenum, Pseudochaetochloa, Pennisetum a\d Plagiosetum, each raceme disarticulatesliom thc common axis of a racemoseor spiciform panicle ln each case thc raceme, containing one to many spikelets subtended by one to several bistles or bristle- like branchlets, falls as a whole. ln Lltanthoecium,the axis is jointed and breaks up tnto individual segmentscontaining a short spike of few spikelets.Similarly it stenotaphrum, the thickeneJ axis with imbedded spikelets breaks at joints into segments of individual spikeletsor short racemes.Sometimes the inflorescenceis shed as a whole With th€ exceptlon oi this feature, these genera bear little morphological resemblanceto Arthrugrostis and no closerelationship.
Supporting genericcharacters of "1/lhragrosltsinclude the stipitate fertile floret' the distinct glume' rhactiilla-internode between lower and upper glumes, the broad enveloping lower and tire unequal usually cuspidateupper glume and lower lemma As well as the articulation at thc base ol the spikelet, which is a tribal feature, the lertile floret disadiculates above and below its stipe.
Thegenericsignificanceofanumberofthesel.eaturesisdiscussedbyLazarides&Webster (1984) In segregiting a new genus from Pqnicum L. and Ichnanthus P Beauv Also, to u gr.at", o, i-.ttit,legree the featurescharacterize genera allied lo Panicum' suchas Brachiaria Oplism.enusP Beauv Ichnqnthus 1f?i".1 Crisel., Pafiulidium Stapf, Ottot:hloa Dandy, , i B"uuu., and Ethinochloa P Beauv , rathdr than Pqnit:um itselt 'tuesqB 'lele{rds lo elrssesaql lo esoql (]1 JEIruJrssDalDd pur. soLuluvl pernpej ssol ro oJoru ro '1ee1pa8ur,n pe^rou-g-€e q1r.tr'ruro3rqru.{c aurry8 L)ddn pe^rau-6-Spue pe8ur.tr,{l.Lrorreu 'pelaa{ 'o^Ecuoc lea{ aqt ,{llq8rls peorq urtreu reqto :paxeuul ,{lotl.rcppuE,rorrcu ur8jpur euo qlr^\ pcrrleruu,{se ,{l3uo:ts '8uo1qo aarn78/r,11o1 qloours 'snoeceqJeqJo snoecerJoc 'J"nbeun 'Suolqo 'ro8uoI Jo Ienbe sa1uryt snorqelS lecrpad slr uro{ SurlElncll]esrp ro alrsses 'ps"q eqt se 3uo1 sE plDltds pa lpad puntor unlrq llastr urcr8 aql se 3uo1 sr g/7 c o,{rqrrl3 :Jsnlqo 'Suolqo 'pessojduoJ ,{llpslop stsdoho) po!rsxo IllErelel 'o1d:nd 'esorunld sEu8rls :ru.roJrTu'eeJl sel,{ts :snoJqelS,{./r^6) Suolqo-reeurl sraqtue :f s1./arrlrts snoJqElS 'etEJunrt'Suolqo-otEounJ ,{lpEoJq 'Z saln)Vol ssalo^rauro pe.rreu-7'euqe{q 'reuoqs Jo Eruurol sE Suoy se eepd :pe^Jau-t-Z 'arnlxal pue edeqs 'q13ue1ur .rc,\\ol()1 Jelt\\\s Dtuual ntkl11 ytasqe Jo reuorls ro "uluel se 3uo1 se eepd :sur8:eru reeu pe,\Jeu'Z'auqe,{q o1 'osnlqo 'Suolqo-Jrldrlle'serunl8 snouerqueru trlurql seSuol se tsoluleDwwal Jatho1 p3^rJu-/-C 'esnlqo 'sur3:eru ot elnceqns euqe,{qmo::ru ro; ldecxasnoece}snJc ro snoeJ"ueqJ'IJ"q uo 'ruJo]rqrufc 'pe^Jau-l 'osnlqo pepunor io pelee{ awnlS Dddn sur8leul pr8u pexegurqlr,,!\ l-l 'xe,luoc .{11q8qs'peltrd ro pernldyncs,{lsnous^ 'pelernpur o} snoer?uoc 'pauelcrql r&./n/t .taiAo'l xxdP.ffeu peue{Jrqt ro pe?ur,r ,{lFnsn slorl 'pe1ao1-6'snoJqrl8 'telolrds sB Suol se '.relrurssrpsaLunlD turJ pauelJlrl:] E qU.r 'snoJqeJi 'elecunJl ']roqs ,{re^ snflec :passe.rdrxoJ ,{ll€srop /4a7ds ,1r.r.r?Sluesqe ro ro}ncu ro et?unu€ls (1e1e4dspellarlped eql ur) pue elrporqdeuraq(le1ellds elssas erp ur) raddn'Ja'}neuro eleuru"ts Ja^oI'Z sptol! lucsq?ro pellelped raqlo eql 'elssos:red rql;o euo 'rplrurrssrppue $ted ur 'sse1u.ne'punces sta7aryrd5 'stueul?es luecefpp eqt ot luarurlceltEJoJ 8ed FSeq e pur xedE urjo1r1ndncu qlrm lueur8es '1e1e4ds qcee pellecrpedtuecefpe aqt 1o lecrpad FsnJ arll pue leyelrds olrssespeppequr eqt Sururuluocslueru8es peualcrql olur dn 8ur{€orq 'paturofsrqJ"qr :oqpds ruo4 peuosxe 'pesserduol trllBur} .{pq8rls saaralzy seqcuerq pue slulnc uo lEulurjol saruece: :r1e:q1uds 'ru:olrcrds ',{:r1qos 1e aJu s'atoL[u]srlouErqtuetII eln8rl :]xU'e]ploeJu"l ol l"eurl sapelq:pepou -,{u]?ru-rrey'p€rlcuerq 'lnols fJe,\ lo Jepuels suJIt\i 'lDnuuo ("rTerlsnv ut) Jo slDruualad '(1detg snptlns ,^ntoqdo4a4) qqnH E J 'le (JdEtS) D,Dlns H .saDadsad,t-l (tg6l) l :(l)9t arodeSurs llng pr"D 1e Suruo) '"ru]V :(2861)6tg :([ ued) eeeurur"rr) is"E dorl lC'llqlod ur ezro^uadT uot,{"lJ :(1861) 'uotfElJ 'xqeg-sanbcel 8 :(t)9€ IIng .,,|\e) :(2961) 797 aleordo.rl enbr:1y,(] seeurur?rC 'Erurng 'pE :(0961)Z9l u"tsr{Ed pue Erpul'uol,{eJ Jo sesserD'roB:(996t) 902 : p puz ''urpluJ,/upud '1€u1 lrnlEN llue:d ur rJilrd :{qgbl) qpl gf ro r3S qlS tatq rur?ld 'cI ' ry 'e"urrlleoqt]odStSt 'eEeuoSodorpuv) {ooH ul qqnH E J (3"r}s€r[ooqtlod sloqdo.relag
'(gNVJ 'lUS),Zt "VrI',ZZ .LI'peor proJloduo uopr?urlVruorJ ru{ t 'otj '86St 'H]UEd ''tEW 'l{ 'qNVJ 'IUg 'CV) It 0t uosl.tDt) t ?./ol4?S(Sn fN ,^\SN drrlsu.\\otteu.reD AIJo /\\ss selru w'lgII Lz'(,Izt sapuDztry(.I:dB), "Sn|', oll'leorJ I ' 'raprds s..(qd:n1ri1o srelenpEeql9 ^r'0€ u s//Ltpoot (ldg),-Z "SrI',-O "LI tunol^'19 ^r'02 '99 '8€ 'I6rtl llDpoo9 udfl),-0 "9vL-0 .Ll'q"Fqrur( Jo :I ll18z alDM :lrulsrcl {ooJ '(SNVJ) 'tE '6591 uoltets ele^uearDJo r^[ salur 0Z Il^ 6 epltDzt/I (tZttZS Ud) ad,{roloq '6021 'tt '906 'BNVJ roJ sP slretcp uluo1 (ldg) sre.rof srol.rErlJ rcau ^l t ,1r1s (.l 'I'dg) '9Cr^ 'VOLII '11q 'ed,{lodol) sre.rol s.reueqJ lI lDtB (a e[r^su.rol'llrH rltseJ 'Sf '6SI8 lll ZZ rZr1g :lcrrtsrc ,{peuue) quoN :CNV-ISNaEnO pdunuDxasuaLuDads 'enSoyolord eql ur sluornuoJururo6l rlcrq,r uo'(6021 uluoq zr^)'en8er4ur leeqspuoJ3s eqt uo lueld ra3:e1 i(lrq8qs eqt ur ro od,{}oloq eql ur Jeqlrc 'terou Je,rol eqt ur repd e 'uruloq ptl:f,sqo lou e^eq I qlrt\ tcrguoc uI oJp,;:nsleuur eql uo f1:elnctped uorlecgru8eru 'peAJau-J q8rq qllr pe^Jesqooq uBc ue,\esol aArJlnq lo ssole,\leuse pequcsep sr Erllluel 'osly ',{13ursudlng Joddn eql elcued pJt?lnJrI" eqt ot eJuoleJerou se{eu ( c l) ururoc
'sopu?z€1 sessPJBJo €xPl ^\eN t l (1984) 2lJ8 NuytsiaVol 5' No 2
Heteropholis, which is a ncw record for Australia, also contains H. sulcata (Stapf) C' E. Hubb. from East Africa, H. nigrescens(Thw.) C. E. Hubb. from Sri Lanka, H' henoistii A. Camus from Madagascar, arld H. cothinchinensu (Lour.) Clayton vars rcchinchinensis ard chenii (Hsu) Sosei & Koning, which are distributed lrom lndia and southern China through SoutheastAsia to Malesia
As the key shows, Heteropholrt appears to be alosely a\\ied lo Hackelochloq Kuntze and Manisuris L..but dilfers from the lbrmer by the morphology of both sessileand pedicelled spikelets,and liom the latter genus by the mode of disarticulation oi the pedicelledspikelet and by tire morphology of thJ lower glume of the sessilespikeiet. However, in Heteropholis the D;dicelledsDikelet is sometimesreduced or absentand' as indicatedby Clayton (l c ) and koning et al. 11.c.),generic boundarieswithin the group are not clearly defined
Key to Heteropholis and allied genera
I. Soikeletssolitarv (bv suppression)and \essileor subsessile:pedicelled spikelet (ii present.lrudiineniary or reducedto the pedicel:pedicel fused lo internodes irf rhachis ...... Thurmqstochloa,Ophiuros, Eremochloa 1. Spikeletsin pairs with one ofthe pair sessileand the other pedicelledor sometlmes (\n Het er op ho lis) absefit. ). pedicet of the pedicelledspikelet lree of intemodes of rhachis...... Coelorqchk, Elionurus 2. Pedicel fused to internodes of rhachis. 3. Spikelets of each pair similar in form and sex; rhachis tough or tardily disarticulating...... :...... "'Hemqrthrw 3. Spikelets (all" or mostly all) dissimilar in form and sex; rhachis readily di5aniculatingat thejoinrs. 4. SoikeletsJseudo-opposite on a cylindrical rhachislpairs of spikelelsin uitpet puti o[ racemesimilar: lower glume of tessilespikelet smoolh or Rottboellid r6JgneneAby papillae, but nol sculpt;red . :: " " " " 4. Spiielets secirid bn a compressedoi flattened-rhachis;all pairs-of spikelets diisimilar (sometimesthe-terrninal pair similar in Hackelochloa); lower glume of sessilespikelet variously sculptured 5. Pedicelled spitelet adnate by its base to, and falling with, internode of rhachis;lower glume ofsessilespikelet usuallywith awns or promtnent Manigurir wings;embryo aslong as the grain itself .. - ...... : t 5. Ped]citled spikelet (when present) disarticulating at its baseand falling free of inteinode oi rhacLis; lower glume of sessilespikelet awnless, winglessor with small wings; embryo c. 2/ 3 as long asthe grain itself' 6. S"essilespikelet globose or subglobose;.the..lower.glume tessellately sculptured,wingless, lower glumeol pedlceltedsprkelet symmetnc 6.S;;;li; ;;ik.l;f ;"6;;;;;a;'il; i;;;; gi;;" ;;;:iii jic;;,{";"t"'ht" tessellate,with narrow apical wings; lower glume ot pedicelledspikelet (whenpresent) asymmeiric in form and nervation...... Heteropholis
Heteropholis annua Lazarides,sp. nov. (Figures lc-d, 7f) Distinguitur habitu robusto annuo' facie glabra laevi, laminis cordatis amplexicaulibus gluma supera latissimis tenuibus atroviridibus cum aculeis secusmargines, spiculae sessilis adnata inlera rugosa. Western Australia: Northern Province. Kenneally 8219, 3 v 1982, Gauging Station' Opr.r: 125' ii-p c.."t, approx. 12 km SW of mining camp, Mitchell Plateau, 14' 53'10"5' 45'05;Eftolo: cANgl iso: BRI, DNA, K' L, PERTH, US)' '1e1a1rds elrsseseql 1o erun18Ja,\\ol eq] uo 3c"Jrns luoroJJlp€ qll^d l€IuusJad elnsJlq usuo po^?31 -re^\orrnu 'snol€urozrqre sr're,\e,roq 'qcrq,r rtrrln.r'fl u"Jr{V eq} selquras:.r 'sotradsoarq} reqlo eql qlr,Lr.uosrreduroc uO ]313{rdsolrsses oq} Jo erunlS roddn at"upE eqt pu" tlqsq 'tnots lBnuuB slr Jo anur^ ,{q e^rtcuDsrpsr sercedsusrt"Jtsnv eqt sllolldoD@H uultr!\\ 'sdorclno euolspuese^rsseru Suoru? qlos 10,|t,{ll€uos€os l€rAnll" uo 'suortcelloJ 8ur,\\or8 ele,r\ qJrq,u petrJ o.rl aql dluo ruorl u,,nou1sr sercedsoql'tuesord tV
'esopded 'ru:o;ryg .c stueul"lu :8uol ruul t sraqlu" :el?uruels /arolJ qloorus 'ssele^reu 'ourJ?,{qol snoue]qurotu 'elnc€ 'Suolqo-etEIoeJuEI'leu '8uol 'pa^reu-E 'snoJqelS 'eJntxel 're,rol ruur 9 t c Dalod pu" od€qs ur l"lrurs aql se Suol s€ owwal raddn Jelneula./oll trrasql-Dapd pe^teu-€ qns -Z ,{lelncsqoJo se,uau 'qloours 'snorqel8 lEur8nurqns Z rlt! \ esr,rJeqlo sJreqJJrls lroqs qtr,r sur8reur uo sp:emdn pue xedz uo 'eleut8Jerxe olerIr dles;eds'aurptrq o1 snouurqueul 'asntqo 'Suolqo-elEloecuel'3uo1 urru g 'J owual Dd\oj IeeI elnce penJeu-,\\alpa8ur.r lueururo.rdE qlr.^a'pe^.reuf,1pctJ1eurur,{sr 'snoJq"l8 'sur8r€ru 3sr,rreqlo sr?q JJrlsuoqs qtlr surSl"ur uo e1r1lc dlesreds aurTef,qqtr.r snoeceuoc01 snou?Jqrueru 'Jo,tlol ueql reloqs f,Fr{8rTSpue Suolutu g c au.m13Dddn'u1rvw '(teg euo Suop lae{ peuolcrql e qtrar pue peorq so^reu) pelleu-, qns -g ,{lpcrrleruru{se 'snorq€13'pel"Jnpur ()1snoecEuoc'es?q l" el"cunJlpue peuor{ctql,esnlqo ,?uolqo-ol"loecu€l '(lelelrds Teuruuelur ruur 91 > ) 3uo1rutu g-9'1 autn18ouctT elrssesaql vuql nauol opytds pa lpad epr,r se lsorulp pue 3uo1 ruru I-9 0 ulnllq :Jleslrur"JB eqt sp epr,\\ se odrqure 'spr",rdn 'eseq 'Suolqo-JqdrTle :qloours Je{crqt'elUord ur xe,ruoc-oueyd pu€ xed" le esntqo 'rurrt Z x St c ststlo,{to7 Suoy ruru Z c sDLltuV e8pe pcrde uo errlue ssel Jo eloru tl1 'peualcrql 'eleeunJ '.urur el€uerc ^l3lnutu o1 snour8e|1rec ,{Frqt lo snou"lqruetu I x g.0 'a salnJtpo1 ssola eu Jo ped remol eql ur pa,\leu ,{lerncsqo 'qloorus 'snoJqelS ,asnlqo 'Suolqo 'lBU'.re^\orr?u qcnur pu" Eulluol slr ueqt leuoqs [pqatys oa1o4 pe^]eu-€-Z qns 'qtoours 'snorq"13 .{yerncsqo:o.{1urq; 'elnceqns ol esn}qo'3uo1qo .{1peo:q 'eruruol Jo,rol u"ql re^\orreu pue Jeuorls fltq8rls otuutal ndd11 tuesqeoapd urqt ser\.raueqt 'qtoous 'snoJq"l3 'eurT?fq 'rsnlqo '8uo1qo ro cqd11oflpeo:q Dtuual DitoT eceJlnsreuur eqt uo ,{urqs puB 'prd r{toorus snorqElS ee.r;pseq eql uo eoueJsoqndesreds ro; ldocxe e*;rns Jetno eql uo 'epm 'purSftuqns sno:qe18 ruur g 6 > surS:eurpeuJnlur teu eutT€,{qqllr snoec"tsnlc seNeu 'orcnu IEJeteleq1 qtl,{ pe^reu-e .{Iurqt peua1Jrql etnc"qns elnuru B qlr,t\ esnlqo,splE,udn '{JEq 'ss"q :epr,n {pq8rls ro Suolqo ,{lpeorq eql uo prpunor eql Jeau tdocto apou.rolur -srqcEql ur ,{1r,{r,rcuoJo} eleupe awry8 Dddn etnce surSJerupaxeuur aql 'eseq JEeu e,\ooJ8 'olelou1s,(puru; tsre^su?J]deep e q1r,,w'eJp,JrnsJeuut eqt uo pe^Jeu-ll pue ,{sso13tsq^\euos 'sur8r€ur 'es"q 'esnlqo rEeu ,{lercedseeso8nr ,{losl€oc }s asnlqo ,{1pro:q ro slecunJl ,alE,\oqo 'pet?Jnpur'tele{rds aql Surur"tuoc dlraecuocSuuon03 pu" epoulatur-srqc?rlJse Suol se ,3uol 'patErnpur ,paue{crqt ruur 9 S-St aury8 et\oI :tap\ds altssas pe^rau ,{y8uo.r1s sapoure}ur 'snoJq€13'elEr.rts 'spr?,rdn srqceqr :qloorus dlSuolls peuepr^\elJunpod i8uol ulc 6.4-g,sepou 'a1e1uep ,8uol reddn cql utoJJ l-I sauaJoA sno:qe18 :e11oc:pedeqs-A ,{yrelnBerrr ulu Z -I aln8t7 a?ptr e413ur,r,relnce tueuluold € SulutoJ pue xede oql spr".rot ecEJJnsle,\\ol 'tuecnlsuell 'esJoJtue'8uol oql uo peqqrJ e^Jeup(u :eseq pouolcrql " qtlr ,{lpnsn rlru 9.0 -S 0 sel{cud eq} :sur8ftru peua{crql oql Suop lu?tsrp ot aleurxo:dde sellcud 1no1sq1r,r 'ln"crxeldu" 'oleururnJE't"U 'eteloecu?l 'urJ .sur8Jew pu€ eteproc 9'i> x 09>- sapDlB qloous snorqElSeurTE,{qqns qtr,r'seuo Joddn eqt ueql Jouorls pu" sepouJolu la,rol or{l u?rll 'srulnJ '(uzd r38uol or{1uo osool tsapr,,nle) opr,r,\ruJ S'Z:> sqlDaqs so,treu (luaurruo:d 1nq:euurql) dr"puoces snoreurnu pu" ser\.reu,{leulud poqqu (91 c),{uEul qlr,t\ 'ueel8-{Jep 'snoeceqJeq ,{prql sa^ra1 uoultuoc sepou la,tol uro{ sloor do:d :snolq"l8 sepou :dqlrd sepourolur:eprs euo SuoJEa,too:3 purpnlr8uol peolq B qlr,{\ pu" eleuls .{l8uo:ts 'pspou -dueru 'pesserduroc 'peqcu?Jq 'ruetp sepouralur le^\ol eqt ro pcr:puq,{c ruul 0l-g swp) 'so^"el 'q8tq puE surFc uo qloorus pup snorq?I8 .{Dsotu tn Z>> pnuuo ,qeel lsnqoU
rs:prezP'I c.qserSJo e\nt 4\:N l^I NuytsiaVol. 5, No. 2 (1984)
Paratlpe WesternAustralia: No hern Provincel Kenneally 7128,9 ii.79, 9 km SW of Ama-r Campsite, Mitchell Plateau,14" 55'S,125' 44'E (PERTH). Micraira F. Muell. (Micrairoideae). In a previous publication (Lazarides 1979), Micraira was expanded from its monotypic state to a genus of 8 sPecies,and its circumscription was modified to include resulting new morphological data. The new sDeciesDresented here conform to the revised circumscription. With the exccption ofthe original M. subulifoliaF. Muell., which is confined to Queensland, all the speciesare dist buted in a relatively small area of the Northern Territory and Western Australia. Characteristically,plants of the speciesgrow in localized colonies in highly specific habitats. The genus is notable lor prominent featuressuch as spiral phyllotaxy, mat-forming habit, and an unusual, 2-keeledand many-nerved or nervelesspalea which is usually divided into 2 equal parls. AIso, the culms,comprising numerousnodes and extremelyshort internodes, are completely covered by the leaf sheaths.The inflorescenceis sometimes reduced from a simple panicle to a capitate spike. A noteworthy physiological feature, the ability of plants to revive after dehydration (i.e. they are resurection plants), is described by Gaff & Latz ( 1978). On the previous addition of new species,which are homogeneousin many respects'Micrairq subulifutii becametaxonomically isolated in terms of morphology, distdbution and ecology. Howwer, one speciesin this paper, M. multinerviQ, has some features which connect M' subulifolia with the group in the westernpart ol the continent. The following key to all the speciesin the genus indicates the relationships between the n€w and existing taxa.
KeY to the speciesof Micraira L lnflorescencea compact spike, the spikeletssessile or subsessileon axN. 2. Spike shorter than and obscuredby the upper leaves ...... M. inserta 2. Spike prominently exsertedabove the upper leaves. 3. Glumes terminating in a flattened spine c. 0.5 mm long; leaf sheath abruptly narrowedat junctionwith blade...... :...... -.M compactq 3. Glumes muticous; sheath of similax width to blade at their junction. 4. Peduncleglabrous, glandular; florets c. % aslong asglumes; glumes oblong, obtuse.glabrous, l-J-nerved .M. spiciftttma 4. PeduncG pilose to hirsute, eglandular; florets c. l/3 as long as gJumes; slumesovate. subacute. pilose, 1-neryed...... M. subspicata l. Inlloresience a contracted panicie,the spikeletspedicelled on few branches. 5. Leaf bladesterminating in a pungent spine 0.5-1'5 mm long. 6. l-emmas s-7-nerved; Daleas 2-keeled and 4-nerved; leaf blades cartilaginous and hairy at base,minutely scaberulousor smooth on me[slns...... ,...... M. multinervia 6. Lenimas l-3-nerved; paleas 2-keeled and nerveless;blades even in texture, glabrous, prickly on margins. 7. Glumes broadly oblong, truncate, dentate, l-3-nerved; lemmas oblong, obtuseto truncate,entire or dentateon the apical margins, 1-nerved; panicle shortly cxserted, eglandular; leaf sheathsI l-13 nerved...... " """""""'M' pungens 7. Glumes ovate-oblon!, subacuteto obtuse or sometimestruncate, entire or denticulate. l-nerved: lemmas ovate, obtuse, entire, l- 3-nerved; panicle prominently exserted, glandular on divisionsj leaf sheathi7-9-nerved...... M. pungens r
'aterel srxe :snoJq"l8 olcunpod islecrpedpue seqcuerq 'srx" '(,{po ged .roddnuo saullleruos) elcunpod uo spuel3 a1e1n1sndJo rxjoJuat€Jc Jo eIrT-lrd qtt,,v\'sno]qElS ,peuesxoller\ ,esool 'eplr pue Suol urc € l-l apuD4 qrrovJ eqt Jo srr"q eqt qtr^\ eterlrc,{q1red serurleruos .re11oc .te,tro1 :snolqelS ro el?lncJeqnt-snolnjeqndro 3uo1ruru 7 6-y g pue luerseqnd ,{lasredsaTrz-3r7 aql uo lueuluord ,{1ued .ro erncsqo pu?'ec"Jlns reddn eql uo lueurruord pu" pauoll"U 'ec"J:ns se,ueu oql qtrl\ pelJeu-[ 1e,1,{oleq} uo qloorus,{lUBd Jo secp,J]nspuu sur8reu uo 'JJrls 'esntqoqns snolnJeqecs tnq rspuels ol etnc" 'spl",rdn elecrldnpuoc pue ged :a,to1 eq1 'rrlru ur peuet]"U E 0 J \ 9'6-9-9 sapoq .re,r\oloql uo paqqu pua ecEJJnsreddn eq1 uo peuelt€U so^rou isur8reur reddn eql uo el"rTrJseurteuos pun 3uo1 uru g.l-l srl"r{ pesEq 'eseq -elcreqnl JJrtsqtr.\\ qlnou eql 1" pJpleaq ,{ps.ruds sll }E JpouJotur eqt esolcue pua 'sur8l"ur sple,\\u,rop u3prl\ qcq,r uo ssglo^Jeupue snou?cs ol eurTe,{qqns,el}uoc erll Suop ,luur pe^Jeu-S-epu" pouelJrql'repl.,!\ ,{ltq?rls:o uorpunf .rreql le ep"lq s" epr,r se I x h[ 'ueoj3-1r{3uq'snoeceuoc .3uol .c s4rDaLlsJDaj snorq"lS,{Dsolu ol snoecEq.roqsa^ra1 tulu I 'qloorus '(sqteaqs .c ,(srlteeqs sepouJelu :u,rorq-Ir"p lnoqlr,,y\)epr,r urur g 0 qlr,r) eplr rrlur 80 J surqJ q8rf luc E>, pue eJotu lo Suol :.J-rx0E.a ptuuafid Sutrurol-1e11 .(Hluad .DBJ :osr 'pertsauroq .c,luerud.recsE :SNVJ :oloq)E,6t "9ZI'5,6n otl Eprrlf,\\ru Jo 1 tu1 uosreJ 'e8;og 'LLll^ ..ecut^oJd 9E 3ur::eluo16 LZ'tLl9 ptotlal u.requoN :erl"Jtsnv urstsel!\ :.e?dq 'trolJrpetor^Jed enbrunraldESolnpu"F elnJrued'snquor,rs:q slrunl8 srpcsoU '"pDtu t^o"l rprsdo.{t€c'srlE^-rouul -ol?AJeuul i^Iurul?l ol"lulo] lelllE eleluluel la nllql?q pos SIUUJESepu"Z"'l tnual aotlot)tJ,I 'Aou ds 'sopu€z"-1gldolunp e.rp.rrg,n llstuDpo tr\l pa^leu t-l s"rutuel :8uol urru g 0-€ 0 sreq rep8q :JelnpueF 'ruur gl-l x eycrued:sur8l3urpe,uncur qlr,r 'pe^reu-l-s91-91 'apr,r ro leu ulur sopelq " 9 l-s 0 " Jeo'I zl enuat 141 pe,\reu -I s"ruruol :3uol ruur g g ,{ylensn srreq 'ruc1-g reln8r1 :.r"Fpu"l8e .{1pnsn V7 x g-7 elcwed ispre,rdn e1n1o,Lur-olnlo^uoapu€ l-l€d Jo^\olar{l ur 'pe^-reu-I '3pr,^( p3uel]"ll tlllu € 0 3 sepelq.J"3l zl -s ro peNau-l sepelq :pal{urJ,r ro elerJls ur€rn Jeel 'pa^Jeu-ho :euo u€ql eJoruuoq,/r\ lurcJ ueuo seulue'I """"' JI lldolunp'W pe^reu-€ sep€lqJ"el :qloours urerg :po^reu-€,{l8uorts serrruro-I I I 'snorq€li ro qlnour 'prJsr^ eql tnoqe drreq sqleeqs;ee1:Jelnpu"l8e lou tu€ld 0l Dln?)sr{ l,[ et"]ns uo,ftreq sqt€sqs :sournl8 pue suorsr,r.rpolcrued 'surSreur J?ol uo selcroqnl r"Fpu€I8 ruorJ prf,sr^ lueld 'eurds J€ol 'elelnuoJcnu 0l lcurlsrp e Bur{Jel ro snocrlmu satunl0 6 Dt4/iulds tr{ 3uo1 ruuI eurdse1e:e1 e olur pe8uolord (e.ueupru) serunlg S 0-2 0 'u,tolq 6 pue qloorus lpnsn sqpsqs eql,roloq surlnc:su!8r?uruo snolnraqzcs.{1ensn sqleeqs :pe)lEoqlou:o dlolnururure:3 lsaujn13u?ql roloqs,{ll€nsn sleJoU:sued olur slea{ uaa,rteq esEqol pephrp rpeleo{-Z 'pe^reu-Z Fnbe Z trllEnsnEeled :se^reulureJ Jo peqq! t-I qlr,r sErxlua'I 8 Duollnqns n plled pu? peqqlr '{llEnsn sqleaqseql,roloq sulnc isurS:euruo qloours sqpoqsJ€ol :pe)Feq fypoqs urc'l8 :saunlS u"ql Je8uol ,{lpnsn starou :popr^rpun 'p3leel-Z 'pe^JOu-l-SEeled :se^reu peqq! qtr,r sErxlue'I'8 'eurds 'elnce 6-9 gcurlsrpe 3ur{cel f,purg.ro snocrlnur sep€lqJee'I g 'sopu?z?'I I6Z sasser8to ?xBl ^\9N N 292 NuytsiaVol 5,No 2 (1984) grooved or ribbed: branches Micraira dunlopii closely resemblesM. tenuis Lazarides, but differs in habit, by its 3- nerved differently shapedlemmas, shorter florets relative to the glumes, shiny smooth grain, 3-nervedblades, and glandular usually smaller panicle. The speciesis named alter Mr C R. Dunlop, Conservation Commission of the Northern Territory, Darwin (DNA), whose knowledge, collections and co-operation have been invaluable to researchon the flora of nofthern Australia Paratypes western Australia: Nofihern Province George 14072,9.viii.75,Morgan Falls, Drysdale River National Park, 15'02'S, 126' 40'E (CANB, PERTH). George 13642'l0viii75, Orchid 49'E (CANB' Creek, Carson Escarpment,-tll Drysdale River National Park, 14' 49'S' 126" PERiH). Iazqri(les tO, ZS.iii.zA, near Wonjarring Gorge, Carson Escarpment, 10 km E of Theda homestead (CANB). Kenneally 4567, 2}.vlli.'/5, Euro Gorge, Drysdale River National Park. 15" 03'S, 126"44'E (CANB, PERTH). Micraira inserta Lazarides,sp. nov. (Figure 6a-c) Distinguitur inflorescentia spiciformi eglandulata glabra foliis superis breviore, glumis truncatis late oblongis muticis paucineNibus flosculis multo longioribus, lemmatibus uninervibus, palea rlivisa, paginis laminarum incrassatarumdissimilibus. ?l,pus: Nofihern Territory: Darwin & Gulf Distdct: Dunlop 4427, 22.ri.17, Mt Gilruth, 13" 04'S, 133"05'E (holo: CANB; iso: BRI, DNA, K, NT). Mal-formrng perennial. Culms 0.8-l mm wide (with sheaths)'0.5-0 8 mm wide (without sheaths).blackish-brown and smooth (below sheaths);intemodes 0.5-0.8 mm long' Leaves rigid, tightly imbricate, mostly glabrous. Izaf sheqths 2-3 mm long, as wide as blade at th;ir.ju;cti;n or slightly wider, thickened in the middle part or herbaceous,few-neryed and membranousto [yaline on the margins which widen downwards and enclosethe internode at its base, scaberulousalong the edges.Blades 5-6 mm long, 0.34.5 mm wide' subobtuse, flat, 3-nerved, sparselypilose upwards,^minutely with thickened white scaberulousedges; upper sudace even in Gxture, papillose in longitudinal series,green when young; lower sur{ace mostly indurated, white and nerve-like, smooth and obtusely convex in the lowcr pal1, more or less keeled and scaberulousin the upper part, thc thickened centle sepalatedfrom the edges by a linear often green depression. Ligule crl\ate with hairs 0 34 5 mm long' Inllorei G'e9 ern8lj) ^ou ds'sepuEzB'l Bl^raullFru BJlErJ!tr1 'slee{ eql Jo unluaurnpul pue 'eln8rT 'sBuurel pue 3qt ul pue sep"lq Jo eJnlJnlls pu? saurnlS1o uolle^.Ieu f,SoloqdJou s"i""dr r,,o1 eql ua;,ri\leqslcueJefllp eJe aroql'oslv oBeIIolsrll Suoue elqlsl^ f,1ac;zcsusl.1o 'solceds 'st pue sereei.reddn eql u"ql reuorls qonul esoql ol ls"JluoJ \rr Dlo)ldsqns t[ 'rtttodutot pue otutojtds l,! DtlDfillA{ qlrl\ peftqs sJnleeJE'ecuocselouur uI:oyctds eq1 'senads eq1;o u,\\ou{ s uollJelloJ od,{l eql dluo 'uees 's€aFd 1ou srsdo,{.iz;; eld:nd :o ,{.o[4,{ pue s"luluol a^oqe pe!3sxo '8uol 'Tueu:anord qc"e 'su?d urur 8 0 J slaquv slea{ :lee{ eql .{q peqclou wd Pnbe lle,$ 'qloouls 'snolq?I3 's"ruuel olur es€q ot trlds ueql :a8uo1 tpq?ls soa1o4 o^leu pelee{ Z 'el"luop 'e1eJunl1'snou"Jquelu '8uol peuelcrqr qlr^\ 'qloours 'snoJq?I8 urul g o a souttull I 'sutErzur :p"yeol pue peua{clrll e^reuplllt 'pe^Jeu-€qns loddn eql Jo pallau-l reddn pue e8pe 'snoJqel8 'eJllue 'elEJunJl 'Suolqo-ele^o 'snou?Jqureur pcrdu oql uo snolnJaqejs flp"olq 'pnbe '8uol fy"iq1 'seepd pue s?ruruelueql:a8uol .{l1cull$p urur I a saLuryD se8poeql uo 'lnots '3uol snolueqecs 'possaldtuo, rulu 9 0-0 sleclp?d:snoJqEIS'seape eql uo snolnJeq?cs '3uo1 'snortenbul srx€ :snoJqEIS uru t t slcunpod :8uol u-Iu] t c ql€eqs IeJoLIpo^lau-l sessEr8Jo €xel I\oN'sepuez?.I l l 294 Nuytsiavol. 5, No. 2 (1984) c. 0.8 mm long, purple, well-exsertedabove {lorets. Coryopsis0.5-0.6 x 0.3-0.5 mm, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, subacuteor obtuseat apex and base,minutely beaked,pale brown, stdolate, flattened near the hilum otherwise turgid, embryo obliquely basal. Though resembling Micrairq pungens and M. dentate, M. multineryia is the only species of the 12 in the Northern Territory and WesternAustralia with a many-nerved lemma and palea. In this feature and in the scaberulousto smooth (not prickly) margins of the blades, it resemblesM. subaly'blrc,which is consideredto be a disjunct speciesas mentioned previously. However, M. multtnervia differs from M. subulifolia by the apical spine on its blades, the divided palea and the subequalflorets and glumes. Micraira multinervra is relatively widespread in the Norlhern Territory on the sandstone plateauof Arnhem Land and adjacenlareas, growing in crer,icesand moist siteson rocky slopesand pavements. Parut))pes Northern Territory: Darwin & Gull District: Mqrtensz& SchoddeAE 592,25.r.'73,2-3 miles N of El Sharana (c. I mile due E of old mine) (CANB). Lazarides 9067, 29.v.80, tributary of Deaf Adder Creek, 17.5km NE of Jim Jim Falls, 13' 08'S, 132' 56'E (holo: CAN B'). Though sterile, the following collections are believedto belong lo Micraira muhinervis.- Nodhern Territory: Darwin & Gull District; Galf s.t't.,vlr:'.'13, Site 40, Nourlangie Rock area (CANB 249548).ltzarides 76098, l2.vn.'12,Query 101, Arnhem Land, 13" 07'S, 133" 09'E (CANB). Tblford7970,22.iv.80, Deaf Adder Creekgorge, 13" 07'S, 132' 56'E (CANB, CBG). Rankin 1970,19.iv.?0, Koongarra area, l2o 5l'S, 132' 5l'E (AD, CANB, DNA). Rit:e2544,26.v.78, Koongarra, 12' 5l'S, 132"50'E (CANB). Micraira spiciforma Lazarides,sp. nov. (Figure 5e-h) Distinguitur inflorescentia spicilormi exserta, pedunculo glabro glanduloso, glumis exspinosis,glumis et lemmatibus 1-3-nervibus,palea divisa enervi bicadnata carinis laevibus, llosculis glumis duplo brevioribus, foliis pilosis vel hirsutis pilis simplicibus et tuberculis portatis, lamiIris et vaginis ad juncturam latitudinum similarium, ligula glabra incrassata. 7ipr.r: Western Australia: Northern Province Dunlop 5298,24.ii.80, Mitchell Plateau, Lat. 14" 50',Long. 125' 42'(.ho]'o:CANB; iso: BRI, CANB, DNA, K, MEL, NSW NT, PERTH). Mat-formrtg perennral usually 2-5 cm high; prop roots common. Calnrs c. I mm wide (with sheaths),c. 0.5 mm wide (without sheaths),brown and smooth below sheaths;internodes c. 0.5 mm \or'g. laaves herbaceous,pilose to hirsute with stiff, simple and tubercle-based hairs on blades (both surfaces)and sometimes on sheath near ligule. Icaf sheaths 2-3 mm long, usually glabrous, with 3 dbbed often green nervcs, colourless and subhyaline on the margins which widen downwards and enclose the intemode, sparsely scaberulous on the edgesupwards, attenuate (of similar width) with blade at their junction. Blqdes 4-5 x 0.4- 0.5 mm, flat, closely3-5-nerved between the thickenedmargins (midnerve thicker than laterals), acute, stilfly hairy and tubercled on both surfaces,tubercled-scabrous-hairy on the edges. Ligule a l\bercular-thickened ridge, glabrous or sparsely puberulous; collar somewhat thickened (like ligule), glabrous. Inflorescencea compact spike of 5-7 subsessilespikelets, 3-4 x c. I mm, finally well-exserted;peduncle filiform, glabrous, with a few crateriform, pitJike or depressedglands in the upper parl, axis and pedicelstriquetrous, smooth, glabrous, eglandular, pedicels c. 0.3 mm long. Glumes c. I mm long, equal, membranous, oblong, obtuse, entire or minutely emarginate, muticous, minutely scaberulouson apical edgesand upper margins, otherwise glabrous and smooth, l-3-neryed with the laterals often obscure 'sltlqeq f,ptqs,{1elu€d lo pelelloqs Jnon€Jol uroasslu"ld pue ^lolluol (po st selcedseq1 uraquoN eq1Jo eeJ?qlnJIIC lt{- edu3o eql uro{ luoso:d l" u,,i^oul 'reuoqs 'slaJou eql ol a^Il€lel qlSuel leuoqs rleql pu" seunl? lelunlq sll uI sroJJIp Jq} q8noql 9g6y dolun6'slcedser lsoru ut ed,{loloq eq} qcl"lu prulluExa sueunJds lP 'soun13ot J^nElJJstJlolJ uoq. Jql pue se3lt?d\sJlJ^lJu 'sep€lq 'sqll7otls eql 'sBrurualpu" seurnlS peNeu-€ oql spnlcul slelc"JBr.lJluecgruBrs r:q1g 'oslv 'sirceds raqlo lsolu uI snorqelS eJ" sqleeqs J€ol snue8 eql uI olnleeJ snblun e oJe 'sut3:eru 'relnpuep serunlSpue suoISrAIpelJlued i:ee1uo selcreqnlluacnlsutlll Jo a1rq,t aq1 '11eusfron puepseq o{.rqu-r:'atelot.tts'p:ss:lduor '3I1dITIe'eepd 'uru 'eseq pue xed€ elnc€qns pue "utuf,l 01 Fnbeqns € 0 x 9 0 J ,{1ec:ecs 1" 's slsdotil) 3uo1 ruru g'1'a saqwv IeeI reuoqs ,{FqBITSeql ^q peqclou tr€d I{cee "d 'pelool 'urnluerunpul pnbe olur pephlp 'slee] ueo,t\loqsselo^leu f,lSuorls pue eJnlxol uI 7 'se/-].eu 'peqlool-€ 'qloours J"lrrurs puE sEluurels" 3uo1 se c sDaPd peqqu € I{lu\ ,(lssnlqo '8uol 'snoJqelS 'sur8l?Ill Jeuutql qtl,!\ snou"Jquroul ruur 9'0'x sDutulll s3^rau peqqlJ t 'dJI"q 'sur8l"ur pu€ u"d Joddn eq1 ul{llsoru salcreqnlEInpu"lS qll^\ '{lesJeds Jeuulql qllt\ 'el?ullunce 'eleloecusl'sleJou ']eA\ol snou"Jqureur'snocllnru s" Suol sEecl./l\l ls€31le ueql JepL\\ fDqalls roddn eqt Jo urru 9I-t I sauryD 3uo1ulur €> slaclped:8uol Iuru g> lpnbe'3uo1 'apunpad seqcu"Jqfueluud:slectped pue seqJuslq'slx! uo suotteulsJo selcJeqnlellq'!\ ueuo 'epr,l.r relnpupli qlr,rd'suorsrnrp eql uo snoJqels'uedo puz 3uo1 urc A I J 21,lud snorq€18 r"lloc :sJreqelnu(u asreds elnBII :sul8JeurSuop salcreqnl ;e1npue13ssellnoloc Jo '{\ol Jo 'osnlqoqns '1"U 'sqleaqs " qtfiA 'seJ"Jrnsqloq uo fJleq .ro alnce ,{11dn:qe ueql lueuruor4 'uollJunf re8uol 'urru g'0 x c sapzlg sufreul euqe,{q q1r,t lleql 1€ sop"lq eql uEql 0l 'sql€eqs 'po^lou-g rapr,,n,(1lq3r1s ',esool sqnaqs pzl uo ,{letcedse s:mq eldrurs uoqs q}L,!\ 'snoac"qraq .{lurql sa^DaI auol uuI I c s?poulelul :sqlPeqsJ"el Sulddelle^o 3ql [q pe]e^oc 'poqqu 'snolqElS '(sql"eqs ,{lelrtua 'u,rorq }ou lnoqllt\) eplla urru 9 0 t'(sqlEeqs qllt) epl^\ prxa SuLuro3:-1e11 uIIu 8 0 c .!u1t?J uoultuoc sloor doJd :3uol saJlaruIP'JeLes PluuaDd .(HJXEd ',^A.SN IN 'CV ',tZ '.tgnl ') 'VNO 'IUS :osr :SNVJ :o1oq),19 "ttl 8uo"I "Zl lE I'qleduog 1o '8t 'gL61- urequoN :tnd{z ,41i rnl s c ll^'l I dopno :lclrlsl(I Jlnc T' ult\r"( :(ro1t:re1 'snqtJourtu lJ\ snqtJolAJtqoldn P 'sll"luepul 'srsolrd srunl8 slncsog 'snqr,ueuut enbsnqrleurlllels(xnl8 sllloJ asnlqo snqllPruulJl 'e"lnclued 'urn:olloJ siluny81t -n.ror1ogsIuIS"A onbsqlectpedstulz; exe olncunped snqrulSJeru 'irurnp ur urnllueJnlsu€Il IeArunloqp runrolnpuelS urnJolnJleqnl Ellueseeldlnlm8uqslq (pg'p-eg sarn8rg) Aou ds'seprwz"-I Elnplrs!^ BrlErc!trAl 's133{qloorus qlr./r\ seepd ssale,t.reupu? 's3runl8 eqt 01 o^IleleJ sl3rou uoqs's"ruurol pu€ seurnlS p3^leu-[-I 'eln8ll 'se^ael 't"pe1q pun sql"eqs elsnuellE peus{crql snorq"lS ssalJo erotu olns;lq o1 asold '"1",rr,pea,n1ttpun13 snoJqsls 'serunlSssalautds - uoll"ulquloc ul sJepe:eqc 8ur'tro1o3eql trq 'Dto)Idsqns'l 'ouasw 'e)Ids piqrtn8utlr,p tt tI l pue opDdluo) W ,,{ zrt " t.prms:rrods par11e ,uoqcelloc uro:j rcunsrp dlreolc sr 1nq edf,l eq1 ulo:; ,{1uou,tou1 sr otutoJitttls ottotttlag 'LSllUJJurnlrq :Le\Eq o,(rqurJ :JleISor 'runllq ,{lalnu[u 'u,,\\olq elBd ',{ssol8'rlloorus eql tnoq€ psuoll?U q8noqt pl8]nl'eseq }" e}nJ€ 'esnlqo 'crldlllr'leJou ol lEnbo ssel Jo elou puB Suol luru 9'0 7 slsdottD) ,{lpulllllel '^\olle,{ '8uol 'qloouJs peuosxoTla,,\\ urur 9 trg 0 satlluv slee1 isped peqclou f,le1nutu ro '(sselo^reu 'unlueunpul errlue'Suolqo dl,Lro.ueupnbe Z olul pepl^Ip asln:eqlo) pele3{-Z 'sno.lq€I8 'pa^rau-e-I pu" ernlxal ur sauurol ol Elrrurs sralrd qloorus flesolc pue 'autl"fqqns fprqt 'ol"ur3reu.ro.{letnulru 'asntqo 'aleloecu"l ,{I,\\oJJBu srulll./al' ssel}"q^\luros 'a Jo seunlS eq1 se 3uo1 se .l pue 3uo1 ruur g 6 i sptoll seruny8qloq ro ra,1.roloql uI srss?rBlo "xpt ^\rN saprrBT.?_ll4l 296 NuyrsiaVol. 5, No. 2 (1984) Specimens examined. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Darwin & Gulf District: GafJ s.n., 4. vii.73, Arnhem Land, 26 rnilesN ofjunction of Oenpelli and Nourlangie Rock roads (CANB). Irtz 7842, l3.vt.'78,44km SE of Oenpelli, 12' 34', 133 23'(BRI, CANB, NSW NT). Dunlop 4906,7.vi.78,Mt Gilruth area,13" 03', 133' 0l'(BRI, CANB, DNA, NT). Acknowledgements To Directors and Officers of the National Museum in Prague and of the herbaria in Perth, Darwin and Alice Springs, I am extremely grateful for the loan and donation of material essentialto this paper. Special thanks are due to Mr C. R. Dunlop (DNA) and Mr K. F. Kenneally (PERTH) for their specializedcollecting efforts, which provided suitable researchspecimens from relatively inaccessibleareas. For his determination of the new Australian record, Heteropholu, I sincerely appreciate the co-operation of Dr W. D. Clayton, Kew. Dr A. Kanis, Australian National Herbarium, kindly corrected the Latin descriptions and diagnoses. The photographic work of Mr C. J. Totterdell, Division of Plant Industry, CSIRO, is gratefully acknowledged. References Anderson, D. E. (1974). Taxonomy of the genr.rsClr/o/!J (Gramineae). Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull., Bioi. Ser..l9(2): 1-133. Clayton,W D. (1967).Sludies in the Gramineae:XIII. Kew Bull. 2l(l): 99-l10. Gaff, D. F & Laiz, P K. (1978). The occurrence of rcsurrcction plants in the Australian flora. Aust. J. Bot. 26. 485 92. Hubbard, C. E. (1939). Plectru&ne p nge"r Gramineae, Tribus Festuceae.Hook. lc. Pl. Tab. 3385. Hubbard, C. E. (1941).Crarnineae Australienses: IIL Kew Bull. Misc. Ini no.3,25-31. Lazarides, M. (1972). A revision of Australian Chlorideae (cramineae). Aust. .I. Bot., Suppl. Ser., no. 5, I 51. Lazarides, M. (1979). Micldtld F. Muell. (Poaceae,Micrairoideae). Brunonia 2: 67 84. Lazarides, M. and Webster, R. (in prest. fdfr','/a, a new genus for Austrdlia. Brunonia 7(2). 'sopuez€.I sassergJo exel ^!aN W Nultsia vol. 5, No. 2 (1984) Filure 2. plectrachne molilr (from holotype). a spikelet xlO. b Fertile and sterile fiorcts x12. Plectrachne unlaristata (komholotypel c Spikelet x9. d - Florel xlo. ,\to,t)nt1,,tua, ,uq,n.,t?,/o, eas.urnrD q ex,rr.r,d< " r"oo,l1:u'"#,iiii.,,,"l,fli),):!J,ij;;,;)!iij;;;1; \rssP.r8Jn n\cl r\rN \.pu"/x I /{ NurtsiaVol. 5, No. 2 (1984) Figure 4. Plecoachne aristiglumis (from holotype). a Florct x7. Ple.nachne contorta (from holotype). b -- Palea xlo. c Floret xl9. Plectrcchne b/noet. d - Spikelet x6 (fiom holotype). e Spikelet \6 (.fro.,l:.Iaza des 6712\. f Basal (fertile) flore1 xl5 (from Iazarides 6712). g Basal (fertile) floret xl5 (from holotype). h Basal (fenile) floret xl5 (from Beauglehole5189q. -9tx s.^€o"I q-J gzx etrunpld pup o{rds o .(ed.{lotoqruo.{) ,&r/oljtls o.tlonjtlJ .0€\ srsdotrgJ p '0€x .0Cx .(od,{totoq (Puurot) terou c 0€x lerotJ q lote{rds ? ]ddo4]|Dfpnst^ ollDnrn 9 alr]LtuJ 'sapu€z€'I 'N sesse€ Jo €Yet .^\eN NulasiaVol. 5, No. 2 (1984) FiAnre 6- Mkraita mse a \frcm holotype). a lnflorescence and upper leaves xl0. b-c Spikes with leaves reiored xl5. MiLruiru v1cidula (irom holotype). d Glumes and pedicels x20. Miuaira multinervia (from holotvoe). e-f Blades x8. r ') ,(tpauua) ! trq oro\d pIa! I onuun sloqdoDpH Lr. apourelurEllrq.eqr pue lorol} olllolslsrrl 3 opou.rolulllllq'Pqr pue 10lou.llloJJo €elEd p olx lerou 'ott /x c 61i seunlg --. q (su.a\eSuentrxa) ratallds € (od{loloq rLtoJJ)Dsouql otPoaza4u[S L ern8rlt 'sepuez€'I soss?rBjo exil AloN N