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LGBTQ Notion Evaluation: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review

Poonam Gautam University School of Management, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, HARYANA INDIA, [email protected]

Dr. Ajay Solkhe University School of Management, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, HARYANA INDIA, [email protected]

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Gautam, Poonam and Solkhe, Dr. Ajay, "LGBTQ Notion Evaluation: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review" (2021). Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 5886. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/5886 1

LGBTQ Notion Evaluation: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review

Poonam (Main Author) Junior Research Fellow University School of Management, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136118, Haryana, INDIA [email protected] Dr. Ajay Solkhe, (Corresponding Author) Sr. Assistant Professor University School of Management, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136118, Haryana, INDIA [email protected] Mobile: 9896544852

Abstract Several conservative sectors and employers are embracing equality objectives, including financial institutions, for example, more importantly, there has been a change in attitude and support towards the LGBT+ issues, which has been noticed in other professions and companies, including law and accountancy. The LGBT group includes , Gay, Bisexuals and Transgender . and heterosexuals have also been observed to be in these groups. If we talk only about sexual orientation, we should avoid using the label “lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender” More than one of these labels can recognise and identify a person. The organization should review and structure LGBTQ including workplace policies and procedures. The research identifies major contributors, recent trends, contexts and supports in the field of study. The paper adopted, systematic literature reviews and network reviews, bibliometrics and network analysis (NA), to evaluate the research events that have taken place in this topic, collecting a sample of 195 documents from the Scopus database. After analysing different viewpoints, such as the initial data structures, bibliometrics and network, the study is an essential basis for the understanding of LGBTQ, its current indications, and the environment in which the analysis advances. The goal of the researchers is to identify major contributors, as well as identify the currently being investigated variables. such as in the workplace, LGBTQ inclusion and promotes for additional directions in the field of LGBTQ inclusion at workplace.

Keywords: LGBTQ, Discrimination, Bibliometric, Network, SLR, Sexual Orientation 1. INTRODUCTION Rapid demographic changes in labour forces have forced organisations, in culture, in sexual orientation, in habits, and so on, to adopt and appreciate differences in the working environment. Inclusiveness and diversity in the workforce are crucial in order for organisations 2 in today's volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) world to maintain their competitive advantage. When organisations discuss diversity and inclusion, the focus is always remained on women and people with disabilities: this tends to exclude both gay and sexual minorities, who miss out on many inclusive measures, and they do not reap any gains. Lesbian, , and gay/ individuals, who may hide their sexual orientation, face fewer workplace than those who have a transgender identity. are confronted while eating in restaurants, shopping, when out in public, and while just walking. many employers prefer not to draught new policies, reconfigure existing infrastructure, and revise training, if necessary, to accommodate transgender employees, as lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgender people are commonly overlooked in the creative process, ignored, and pathologized in the workplace of the workforce, these employees are commonly misperceived in the training programmes. While the number of LGBTQ employees in the workforce are small, it is important to keep in mind that these people form a significant portion of the employed population. We explored how bisexual, lesbian and gay employees are received in the workplace prior to that(see Eliason, Dibble, De joseph, & Chinn, 2009).Both external sources of harassment/discrimination and internalized negative attitudes such as victimisation Society serves as a number of purposes, among which are the reinforcement of stereotypes about people who belong to the LGB (heterophobia, , and ), increasing fear and mistrust about LGBTQ people (heterophobia is useful in propagating negative stereotypes of LGBTQ individuals or negativity about transgender people). LGBTQ individuals may experience such attitudes that induce shame, guilt, as well as well as fear and depression when this Besides individuals, these ideas and assumptions, there are also the strains placed on society because of society's attitudes and policies about the possible effects of same- relationships, as well as organisational beliefs and practises that restrict heterosexual relationships to healthy individuals. A Commonly held ideas, even today there are two and only two , and therefore, . To name just a few, these societal forces are referred to as , , and gender normativity. Societal influences produce laws and policies that disregard people who do not fit in with the average profile or that guide those who fall outside the norm. Including prejudices in their human relations and in the work force, individuals of the LGBTQ community face numerous hurdles as they go about their daily lives. The workplace plays a vital role in ensuring the survival of the economy, as well as shaping the quality of life in many people's everyday existence. 3

Many academics have offered alternative activities to the current stereotypical and harmful activities for young gays, lesbians, and bisexuals (Oakleaf, 2015; Gillard, Buzuvis, & Blialeschki, 2014; Kivel & Johnson, 2008; Johnson, 2003;). According to research, there are numerous "promising practises" that hold value for the company and young adults that include LGBTQ-inclusive initiatives for the recreation and leisure industry workers and industry associations learned from previous years, such as for example from educational institutions (Theriault & Witt, 2014). Gay candidates' diversity practises include (a) avoiding heterosexual assumptions, (b) making provisions for LGBT characters in advertisements, (c) encouraging diversity in HR practises (d) training staff on LGBTQ issues, (e) eliminating (f) homophobic or transphobic expression, (g) and transphobic comments (Gillard, Buzuvis, & Bialeschki, 2014; Kivel & Johnson, 2008). Although, there is an inherent tension between creating a safe and inclusive community for everyone and acknowledging the existence of specific efforts to include the LGBTQ members (For example, incorporating sexual orientation into anti-discrimination policies). By centring the concept of inclusion on the benefits of all people, professionals may benefit all stakeholders. Most successful approaches to diversity recognise more than one type of resource as important and reward them. They look at defining these resources and properly paying them inclusively (Ferdman and Davidson, 2001). Instead, they are interested in adding additional resources so that everyone benefits from them (p. 38). the inclusion may be good for the company on a financial and social justice fronts (Cortina and King, 2010). Recreation managers who frame inclusion programmes as a win-win situation for everyone may reduce resistance to LGBTQ representation because of people believing that minority groups are getting preferred treatment or that their rights are in danger (Hill, 2009). In the context of inclusion, all staff and those who identify as LGBT will benefit regardless of their and sexual orientation. Likewise, same-sex marriage and transgendered rights and LGBTQ movement must not be obfuscated in order to make it less attractive to members of others. 2. THE RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY When an organisation is LGBTQ-friendly, policies and actions may be seen as standing for or represented by each other, rather than as separate entities. The absence of communication between leadership and frontline employees hindered the actual implementation of their diversity policy, as had been mentioned in Allison's (1999) research needs which are present in other identities may also aren't accommodated well in LGBTQ inclusiveness practises. A research was conducted on two African American lesbians and two African American women 4 who struggled to find a community that accepted their identities as African American women, lesbians, and African Americans. She found an LGBTQ group on campus but joined an African American sorority that did not support her as a lesbian (Miller, 2011). Awareness in our communities. However, Black Americans who identify as LGBT face everyday racism within the queer community (Walsh, 2016). Blackness plays a significant role in African American LGBTQ identities and recognizing one's sexual orientation may undercut the need for support. The aim of the present paper is to analyse the trends and supports necessary for LGBTQ inclusion. Lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations have not gotten a lot of attention in academia, illustrations were used from research into non-academic pursuits such as work and community services and education. With an awareness of benefits and obstacles, Practitioners may be better equipped to design LGBT inclusion programmes that maximise their effectiveness while minimising the undesirable side effects. The present study has been undertaken with the following objectives in mind: • To investigate the latest trend in publishing. • To be aware of the most prominent writers and the developments in their collaboration. • To review the most influential journals. • To be aware of the most relevant papers. • To look into the emerging research trend among researchers.

In order to address the aforementioned problems, author used bibliometrics analysis. The bibliometric analysis reveals valuable information about the research goals (Block and Fisch 2020). It is a tool used to analyse the theoretical formation of a field of study (Castriotta et al. 2019). As shown in Fig. 1, the current research presents the approach used as well as different subparts of bibliometric and network analysis. 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Bibliometric analysis was used to investigate LGBTQ literature in relation to various organisations by means of instruments including Citation, Keyword Citation and Co- occurrence. It is a network research which is a combination of systematic literature Review and bibliometric analysis. Various methods, such as Vosviewer, BibExcel, and Gephi, have been used in previous educational work studies. Basically, Vosviewer and Biblioshiny applications have been used in present study as they provide secure data import, translation, compilation, web interface, and filtering from various frames for data processing such as PubMed and WoS, among others. In comparison to the inclusion and exclusion process, SLR seeks to thoroughly pursue and note studies in order to extend the literature analytical analysis and to identify 5

potential research gaps (Tranfield et al. 2003). As far as the systematic literature review was concerned, the data collection, which includes data loading and conversion, analysis, and the setting-up of descriptive and network matrixes were measured. (co-citation, collaboration, and co-occurrence), and visualisation, which includes results visualisation. To perform a bibliometric analysis, fair articles cited in SLR were chosen. Many bibliometric, citation, and CoC networks were reviewed by the researchers. Figure 1 portrays the approach used in this study's systematic structure for better comprehension. The instruments used for various types of research are also depicted in the diagram.

Fig. 1 Systematic Method of Conducting the Research. Note: “TP (total publications), Coc (Co-citation count), CoA (Co-authorship), TGC (total global citation), TLC (total local citation), KF (Author key-word frequency), AJG (Academic Journal Guide) and NV (network visualization)”.

For the usefulness of the process document mentioned above, search validation was performed using the two steps described below: 6

3.1 Figuring Out Relevant Search Terms The terminology associated with LGBTQ issues have been covered in the present study. In April 2021, the existing comparable search string in the "Scopus" database was followed up for our initial investigation. Authors have also checked for a string with the corresponding keywords to verify that all phrases are fully included in this keyword. The current search string deals with 'LGBTQ at work' to categorise the keyword discovery associated with this 3.2 Refinement of search results 3.2 Refinement of Search Results During the previous phase, authors scoured through the main topics on Scopus, and found 195 relevant documents. The current study conducted a few measurements to locate the most appropriate documents for the final review (Fig. 2). With respect to criteria from 195 documents, authors included the social sciences, business, arts, humanities, management, accounting, psychology, administration and so on.

Fig. 2 Procedure of Delineating Articles 7

3.3 Initial Data Statistics The first goal of this research is to investigate and chart the continuing publication trend of 195 articles on this subject. It has been evaluated according to a source, year, country, region, and journal. 3.3.1 Publication Pattern (yearly basis) The publication movement in Fig. 3 shows the number of articles available per year. In the two full calendar years, 2015 and 2016, there were the greatest number of publications, i.e., the total counts are 23 and 22. at the end of 2013, the number of articles was very small. In 2011, articles published were low in comparison to the previous year. Number of publications in the years 2020 and 2021 have decreased, 11 and 7. This happened because, in the present scenario pandemic has affected people's working lives and they do not know how to cope up with the current situation as time is passing, companies are trying to get over with it and coming back to normalcy.

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Figure 3. Yearly Publication of Articles Published on LGBTQ 3.3.2 Most Productive Journals The top ten journals, each contributed at least three documents in this area, are shown in Table 1. The 'Sexual orientation and transgender issues in organisations: global perspectives on LGBTQ' can be seen primarily as a book, composed of 11 papers and a wide range of papers have contributed significantly to the current topic., whereas ‘human relations’ and ‘sexually research & social policy’ take first place with 6 articles significantly contribute to the current theme.

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Table 1: Most Productive Journals Publication S.no. Sources TC JIF Articles PY_Start name Sexual Orientation & Transgender Issues in 1 Organizations: Global 61 Springer NA 11 2016 Perspectives on LGBT Workforce Diversity 2 Human Relations 404 Sage 3.043 6 2003 Sexuality Research & Social 3 155 Springer 2.405 6 2009 Policy 4 Gender, Work & Organization 146 Blackwell 3.101 5 2001 American Journal of Counselling 5 449 Psychological 3.697 4 2002 Psychology Association 6 Journal of 60 Routledge 1.873 4 2007 Equality, Diversity & 7 78 Emerald 0.968 3 2011 Inclusion Wiley-Liss 8 Human Resource Management 27 2.476 3 2015 Inc American 9 Journal of Applied Psychology 1049 Psychological 5.851 3 2001 Association Journal of Gay & Lesbian Haworth 10 102 0.67 3 1996 Social Services Press

4. ANALYSIS OF THE BIBLIOMETRIC DATA This approach is now being used in the fields of information and library science now. Publishable theories are translated into operational scenarios using citation databases (Zupic and Cetera, 2015). It takes the shape of two forms in association analyses: The first part concentrates on studying the impact factor among scholars, and the second sees how it connects various studies. Both actions come into play in a comprehensive investigation as well as advancement evaluation. (Ramos Rodríguez and Ruíz-Navarro 2004). To do so, Cite and Code wheel analysis are used extensively. 4.1 Affiliation Analysis We examined the author's membership in this section to collect data on the most relevant area and country. The affiliations that have 5 or more documents are shown in Table 2. Rice university and University of California appeared as the leading productive universities, with six documents; the University of Manchester and University of Southern California with five articles, each attained the second position.

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Table 2. Top Institutions S.no Affiliations Articles Countries 1 Rice University 6 USA 2 University Of California 6 USA 3 University Of Manchester 5 UK 4 University Of Southern California 5 USA 5 Anglia Ruskin University 4 UK 6 London Metropolitan University 4 UK 7 Bowling Green State University 3 USA 8 East Carolina University 3 USA 9 Florida International University 3 USA 10 George Mason University 3 USA 11 Georgia State University 3 USA 12 RMIT University 3 Australia 13 State University Of New York 3 USA 14 University Of Wisconsin 3 USA 15 City University Of New York 2 USA

Figure 4. Network Visualization Map of Co-Authorship Network of Countries Unit of analysis = Countries Counting method = Full counting Minimum number of documents of a country = 4 Min no. of citation = 3

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Table 3. Co-authorship of Countries Total Link S.no Country Documents Citations Strength 1 Australia 9 129 3 2 Canada 7 25 2 3 Germany 6 91 2 4 Italy 5 56 6 5 Netherlands 4 14 0 6 Portugal 4 16 5 7 Spain 5 24 7 8 United Kingdom 37 790 12 9 United States 98 3595 5

Here, authors have chosen nine countries out of the 34 countries. As shown in Figure 4 and Table 3, after examining the co-authorship network among countries, the USA, UK and Australia had the highest association power with other countries. It also points to the fact that developed countries do not collaborate. 4.2 Author Impact Analysis In this analysis, Authors have assessed the top contributing authors in reference to the second study objective. The author’s impact was checked with the support of Biblioshiny software. It was analysed that HOEL H, RUMENS N, ARENAS A and DI MARCO D are the uppermost authors in LGBTQ studies, with 49, 176, 18 and 18 papers each respectively. Table 4 illustrates the top 10 authors contributing to this arena. Further, Table 5 and Fig. 5 shows the authors’ productions over a period of time. Here it has been displayed on the basis of year that which author productivity has been rising. The bigger the circle in the respective year has been showing the author's more productivity in that year. Here again, Hoel H has proved to its excellence on the continuation basis. Table 4. The Most Productive and Significant Authors S.no. Author h_index g_index m_index TC NP PY_start 1 Hoel H 3 6 0.273 49 6 2011 2 Rumens N 4 5 0.286 176 5 2008 3 Arenas A 1 4 0.125 18 4 2014 4 Di Marco D 1 4 0.125 18 4 2014 5 Lewis D 2 4 0.182 31 4 2011 6 Ward J 3 4 0.158 171 4 2003 7 Colgan F 3 3 0.214 103 3 2008 8 Cornwell JM 3 3 0.143 812 3 2001 9 Gates TG 1 2 0.125 8 3 2014 10 Kllen T 3 3 0.333 47 3 2013

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Table 5. The Authors’ Production Over Period of Time S.no Author Year TI SO TC TCPY Discriminatory language in the workplace: unmasking prejudices and stereotypes / el Revista De 1 Hoel H 2019 lenguaje discriminatorio en Psicologia 0 0 contextos laborales: Social desenmascarando prejuicios y estereotipos Journal Of Workplace incivility as modern 2 Hoel H 2018 Interpersonal 17 4.25 sexual Violence Fitting the bill? (dis)embodied Work, 3 Hoel H 2016 disclosure of sexual identities in Employment 11 1.83 the workplace And Society Its nothing personal: anti- 4 Hoel H 2015 homosexuality in the british Sociology 18 2.57 workplace strategies of lesbians Revista De and gays at work [estrategias de 5 Hoel H 2014 Psicologia 1 0.13 coming out de personas lesbianas Social y gays en el trabajo] Handbook On Bullying, harassment and sexual 6 Hoel H 2011 Sexual 2 0.18 orientation in the workplace Violence Age and changing masculinities Rumens Journal Of 7 2018 in gaystraight male workplace 9 2.25 N friendships Palgrave Teaching gender in a Rumens Studies in 8 2018 postfeminist management 0 0 N Gender and classroom Education Sexual Orientation at Sexual orientation at work: Rumens Work: 9 2014 contemporary issues and 11 1.38 N Contemporary perspectives Issues And Perspectives Gay men at work: Rumens Human 10 2009 (re)constructing the self as 112 8.62 N Relations professional Gender, Work Rumens Working at intimacy: gay men's 11 2008 and 44 3.14 N workplace friendships Organization 12

Discriminatory language in the workplace: unmasking prejudices and stereotypes / el Revista De Arenas 12 2019 lenguaje discriminatorio en Psicologia 0 0 A contextos laborales: Social desenmascarando prejuicios y estereotipos Coming out across cultures: Arenas examining the experiences of Current 13 2019 0 0 A ecuadorian and spanish lgb Psychology employees Journal Of Arenas Workplace incivility as modern 14 2018 Interpersonal 17 4.25 A sexual prejudice Violence Coming out strategies of lesbians Revista De Arenas and gays at work [estrategias de 15 2014 Psicologia 1 0.13 A coming out de personas lesbianas Social y gays en el trabajo] Discriminatory language in the workplace: unmasking prejudices and stereotypes / el Revista De Di 16 2019 lenguaje discriminatorio en Psicologia 0 0 Marco D contextos laborales: Social desenmascarando prejuicios y estereotipos Coming out across cultures: Di examining the experiences of Current 17 2019 0 0 Marco D ecuadorian and spanish lgb Psychology employees Journal Of Di Workplace incivility as modern 18 2018 Interpersonal 17 4.25 Marco D sexual prejudice Violence Coming out strategies of lesbians Revista De Di and gays at work [estrategias de 19 2014 Psicologia 1 0.13 Marco D coming out de personas lesbianas Social y gays en el trabajo] Governmentality and south Journal of 20 Lewis D 2021 africas edifice of gender and Asian and 0 0 sexual rights African Studies

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Figure 5 Authors’ Production over Time

4.3 Journal Impact Analysis Our third main point of debate focused interest was the study's objective, this study examined the overall citation of the most influential journals and AJG ordering was created, which revealed the journal's significance; additionally, the number of citations indicate the journal's influence (Svensson 2010). Authors also determined the average citations for the 12 journals mentioned in Table 6, to analyse the most important ones in the field Rarely, they also found that highly cited journals go on to the top of the lists while also experiencing low growth. To put it another way, 'Journal of Applied psychology' has a mere 1049 citations with only three documents, whereas 'sexual orientation and transgender issues in organisations: has a surprising total 61 citations with 11 published articles. Table 6. Total Citation of The Articles of Top Journals S.no. Source TC NP PY_Start Sexual Orientation and Transgender Issues in 1 Organizations: Global Perspectives on LGBT 61 11 2016 Workforce Diversity 2 Human Relations 404 6 2003 14

3 Sexuality Research and Social Policy 155 6 2009 4 Gender, Work and Organization 146 5 2001 5 Journal of Counseling Psychology 449 4 2002 6 Journal of Homosexuality 60 4 2007 7 Equality, Diversity and Inclusion 78 3 2011 8 Human Resource Management 27 3 2015 9 Journal of Applied Psychology 1049 3 2001 10 Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services 102 3 1996 11 Journal of Vocational Behaviour 31 3 2017 12 Group and Organization Management 125 2 2003

4.4 Journal Quality Analysis The Academic Journal Guide Rating has found to be a reliable method for evaluating quality of journals. It has placed its most famous academic journals into the 1,2,3,4 and 4* groups (Tüselmann et al. 2016; Mingers and Willmott, 2013). From a review of the twelve papers, Authors determined that the ‘Journal of Applied Psychology’ had the fourth-highest combined score (4* score),(Shown in Table 7). Table 7. AJG 2018 rating Academic Journal S.no. Source Guide 2018 rating Sexual Orientation and Transgender Issues in 1 Organizations: Global Perspectives on LGBT Workforce NA Diversity 2 Human Relations 4 3 Sexuality Research and Social Policy NA 4 Gender, Work and Organization 3 5 Journal of Counseling Psychology NA 6 Journal of Homosexuality NA 7 Equality, Diversity and Inclusion 1 8 Human Resource Management 4 9 Journal of Applied Psychology 4* 10 Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services NA 11 Journal of Vocational Behavior 4 12 Group and Organization Management NA

4.5 Citation Analysis The fourth research goal is also assessed by citational analyses to establish the relationship between citing and cited documents. According to Ding and Cronin (2011), Other articles cite a particular article to find out where a research paper is located in the publication. The 195 papers on 'total times cited counted,' based on Scopus' "Cite Score Tracker 2020," 15 were quoted worldwide. Cite Scoring is a relatively modest means of calculating the citation influence of sources, such as journals. It also uses a similar methodology with citations created in the current 2021 data. Table 8 shown that an overall number of 10 worldwide cited papers, and 195 documents were cited in the academic literature. Table 8: Top 8 Cited Worldwide Documents Total S.No Paper TC per Year Citations 1 Ragins Br, 2001. 388 18.4762 2 Rose Ragins B, 2007. 337 22.4667 3 Creed Wed, 2002. 329 16.45 4 Griffith Kh, 2002. 324 16.2 5 Rosenfeld Mj, 2012. 237 23.7 6 Greenwood Gl, 2001. 164 7.8095 7 Goldberg Ae, 2011. 150 13.6364 8 Smith Ng, 2004. 129 7.1667 9 Ward J, 2003. 118 6.2105 10 Rumens N, 2009. 112 8.6154

4.5.1 Co-citation Clustering Network The aim of this study is to separate the paper's conceptual structure and to distinguish the theme of 'LGBTQ', we considered clusters from the Co-citation count network. Usually, after selecting the collection of papers, authors collect all Co-citations of which each article and items are addressed in them, and these are laid out to decide the shortest paths in the network (Small 2009). In other words, a co-citation network of papers and characterises the items (Leydesdorff 2015). With the help of Biblioshiny, this current research has provided information to aid in the Co- citation count analysis. The programme showed a very complicated table and graph here. Therefore, Application of the setting and reduction of the numbers for the best quotations for top authors are presented in the current analysis. It increases the importance of understanding the origins of the software grouping configuration as, biblioshiny has been added to structure clusters. With this program, the default method for cluster emergence is the Louvain algorithm. Biblioshiny software was developed by incorporating the CoC relationships of the 195-member collection using this methodology in the formation of 5 clusters. As a result, we identified five clusters consisting of 50 papers in Fig. 6. We chose to illustrate the network of co-citations for these top papers within a single cluster for superior considerate and systemic effectiveness, as shown in Fig. 6. describes the 50 co-cited items and their connections in relation to one another. The nodes linked to a related cluster bear the same colour. 16

Figure 6: Co-citation Clustering Network 4.6 Analysis of Author Keywords This section assisted in the topic-specific research of the keyword defined by author Baskaran (2017) further clarified that measuring the excellence of the paper and determining the relative amount of text. Additionally, the current research used an interdisciplinary approach to explore developments in LGBTQ. The author network was extracted from a library of 195 similar papers and the words from that author's document were fed into VOSviewer, which created new keywords for the authors. In order to get good results, the keywords have to be in the system a minimum of five times. Furthermore, authors used 439 keywords, from that and threshold was reached by just 25 keywords, 4 clusters and 154 linked to each other. The highest co-occurring keywords were found to be 'Sexual Orientation' with a frequency of 30. The term 'sexual orientation' also has the highest strength of the connection (62) as compared to other keywords. The network depicted in Figure 7 demonstrates that 'Sexual orientation' is the most significant node. Keywords demonstrated with an identical color linked to a same group. The keyword 'sexual orientation' may be represented in many 17 ways, such as LGBTQ, LGBT, Gay, discrimination, etc. Almost all sets of these keywords exist. This advocates that research on ‘LGBTQ’ has been done on manifold facets. Thus, we can say ‘LGBTQ’ as an interdisciplinary approach to study purposes.

Figure 7 Author Keyword Network Unit of analysis = Author’s keyword Counting method = Full counting Minimum number of Occurrence = 5 Table No. 9: Co-occurrences of Author’s Keywords S.no Keyword Occurrences Total Link Strength 1 Bisexual 13 48 2 Coming Out 9 24 3 Disclosure 7 15 4 Discrimination 20 54 5 Diversity 15 28 6 Diversity Management 5 14 7 Employment 6 11 8 Gay 25 74 9 Gay Men 10 18 10 Gender 12 26 11 Gender Identity 7 21 12 Heteronormativity 11 18 13 Homophobia 6 13 14 Homosexuality 13 32 15 Lesbian 23 70 18

16 LGB 5 4 17 LGBT 14 36 18 LGBTQ 6 9 19 Sexual Orientation 30 62 20 Sexuality 12 22 21 Stigma 8 9 22 Transgender 12 33 23 Work 5 9 24 Workplace 15 51 25 Workplace Discrimination 5 7

5. DISCUSSION 5.1 Findings of The Result Listed in the introductory section, these findings are the goals of all the studies presented in this section. The current pattern of publications shown in descriptive research suggests that authors have awarded points to the most compelling writers and publications. authors also learned, how frequently the citations were cited as well as how frequently they were used in the writing process, too. Through Co-citation count network analysis, the researched area's relevant knowledgeable structure has been established. Here are the findings that follow according to the limited objectives stated above: • It has been observed that the study on the LGBTQ population has been accelerating rapidly in the last two years of 2015 and 2016.The Rice University and University of California occurred as the leading university, with six papers; the University of Manchester and University of Southern California with five articles each attained the second position. Affiliation results indicated that the detailed research work in this area developed from USA (98) and UK (37) region. • The study has shown that, in this field of research as per the analysis of authors and at the most frequent published articles, HOEL H, RUMENS N and ARENAS A are the top writers of LGBTQ studies, with 49, 176 and 18 articles each. • Further, authors looked at journal contributions, impact and determined that Sexual Orientation and Transgender Issues in Organizations: Global Perspectives on LGBT Workforce Diversity, with 11 total publications and 61 total citations, and Human Relation, with 6 articles and 404 total citations, have made significant contributions to this field. The Journal of Applied Psychology was graded "very good" (Grade 4*) by AJG in their 2018 Guide to Journals. 19

• Ragins Br, 2001, Journal of Applied Psychology appeared as the leading global cited articles amongst the 388 documents. 5.2 Theoretical and Managerial Implications It was apparent that previous studies conducted in US or UK workplace contexts pointed out that the employment decisions, work-related experiences of sexual minorities were significantly influenced by their sexual orientation. However, little is known about other contexts (Brooks and Edwards (2009). Based on the comprehensive systematic literature review conducted for this paper, workplace discrimination, disclosure, and LGBT were identified as the major pillars of sexual orientation in the workplace. Changes to any of these pillars may affect the other pillars. However, simple changes might be insufficient. An overall transformation is required to achieve sexual orientation equality in the workplace. Many variations occur among these situations and individuals with respect to race, ethnicity, economic, and social class (Day & Greene, 2008) Fewer studies concerning comparative studies across various industries/occupations. The evidence suggests that employment discrimination against lesbians persists at alarming levels in Greek society (Drydakis, 2011). Thus, it seems obvious that future research should be conducted to develop a more representative picture of the actual work experiences of LGBT employees across different contexts. This would enable diversity management scholars to compare findings obtained from different contexts. It is important to consider that LGBT individuals operate in vastly different contexts (nations, industries, and occupations). 5.3 Limitations of the Current Study After the refinement process, authors obtained 195 documents from Scopus database in the past 34 years and addressed in the literature review on LGBTQ. To filter the data, authors used special and detailed terms of search on the topic, in which several other keywords that might have been relevant and used by the other authors have been excluded, which if included then results would be somewhat higher. Additional constraints such as paper selection may also affect the outcome of this investigation. The current study uses a single database which also constrains the researcher's ability to explore all the data. The authors used only two Biblioshiny and Vosviewer software packages. 5.4 Directions for Future Research In conclusion, the gaps in recent studies and further directions provide a concise and constructive understanding of these potential future paths for research on LGBTQ at different levels. In addition, some realistic inferences for managers and policymakers are also indicated 20 by the gap analysis from this study. The upcoming studies should try to understand that the progress has been rapid in the movement for workplace equality has accelerated, and instead of restricting their activity to just their home nations, activists have begun working with their overseas colleagues as well as those who reside in other countries. the existence of LGBTQ in different countries as well as sectors and concentrated on how the trend presented itself in companies. The employees’ reactions to LGBTQ policies prevalence should also be checked. In the future, it would sound right to undertake a detailed survey not only to ascertain the magnitude of the occurrence of LGBTQ at national level, but also to carry out a thorough examination of the relationship with the workplace outcome introduced at the national level and which sectors they are directed towards. Colgan et al. (2008, p.39) noted that compulsory is maintained both institutionally and in everyday, informal conversations and practises. Thus, organisational scholars are studying sexual orientation discrimination at work are strongly encouraged to use ethnographic, participant observation, and relational methods rather than surveys or structured interviews to gain a thorough understanding of GLBT employees' daily workplace practises, interactions, and lived experiences. This level of comprehension is largely absent from the existing literature. The systematic review of the literature revealed that almost all of the scholarly research examined in the current sample was conducted in work settings in the United States or the United Kingdom. It was clear from previous research conducted in US or UK workplace settings that sexual minorities' employment decisions and work-related experiences were significantly influenced by their sexual orientation. Other contexts, on the other hand, are poorly understood. According to Brooks and Edwards (2009, p.146), GLBT rights in the workplace vary considerably depending on the context. For example, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom have enacted a number of laws promoting GLBT inclusivity. Iran's President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, however, declared during a speech at Columbia University that the country has no homosexuals. The evidence indicates that discrimination against lesbians in the workplace continues at alarming levels in Greek society (Drydakis, 2011). Thus, it appears self-evident that additional research should be conducted to develop a more representative picture of GLBT employees' actual work experiences across a variety of contexts. Numerous variations exist between these situations and individuals in terms of race, ethnic origin, economic status, and social class (Day & Greene, 2008). 5.5 CONCLUSION 21

LGBTQ research has been gradually rising as academics from all over the world. The current study contributes significantly to the field of LGBTQ studies and related fields. There are no bibliometric and network methods in this field that authors are aware of, however, to best of author’s knowledge, a literature review which attempts to put these two together. Therefore, this study brings a new theoretical perspective to this area of study. By analysing five clusters obtained from the CoC network study, authors were able to classify the movement of achievement and research themes of LGBTQ in collaboration with the top collaborators. From a practical standpoint, this analysis will serve as a strong framework for considering the LGBTQ research area, its current state, and the direction in which it is moving. It also identifies a void in the existing information structure and suggests some possible research avenues for further investigation. It is an analytical portion of the SLR that is used to compile the information presented. Even though the research included 195 papers from the Scopus database, more and better investigation would be possible due to the availability of multiple databases in future. This study mentioned a number of other weaknesses that authors encountered during the review, which were covered in the preceding sections. Although it has not provided everything whatever expected, the authors believes that this study is both interesting and inspiring.

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