December 1944
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December 1944 381st Bombardment Group Mission #220 – Soest, Germany 4th December 381st BG diary entry: The first combat operation of the month didn’t take place until the Fourth. Lt. Col. John E. Firtzgerald, Jr., led our contingent of 37 aircraft in an attack on the railway storage sidings at Soest, Germany. It was 10/10 all the way. There was no enemy opposition, neither flak nor fighters. The bombing was done by instruments and results were, of course, unobserved. There was one ship missing when the formation returned; pilot, 2nd Lt. J.H. Nolan, of the 533rd. Reports that he had landed in France were confirmed late that night when Nolan was heard from. 532nd BS diary entry: Lt Col Fitzgerald and Capt Klinkseik led the "B" Group of 1st CBW to attack the marshalling yards at Soest, Germany. Bombing was by GH equipment with results unobserved through 10/10th cloud over the target. No enemy aircraft were encountered, while there was just one report of meagre, inaccurate flak south of Koblenz, but otherwise nothing else. Other pilots were: Lts O'Connor, Mousseau, Worrell, Boyle, Schwartner, Nashold, Adamson and Smith. 533rd BS diary entry: Nine ships of the 533rd, under command of Capt Ned Renick, squadron operations officer, took part into today's attack on Soest. Bombs were dropped through 10/10th cloud cover on railway sidings. There was no flak and no enemy fighters seen. Flying weather for the mission was good. Our pilots were: Lts LaCouture, Winsor, Coombs, Roush, Hollendorfer, Nolan, Orcutt, Long and Tolchinsky. One of our ships #560, piloted by 2nd Lt J H. Nolan is believed to have landed in France. The rest of his crew are: 2nd Lts Donald F. Urban, John A. Conklin, A S. Carter; S/Sgts Charles H. Wyatt, R S. Redmond, J E. Whitesell, Sgts J Howard and J. F. Phelan. 534th BS diary entry: Marshalling yards at Soest, Germany were bombed by 9 a/c of the squadron today. Bombing was by Gee-H equipment, with results being unobserved due to 10/10ths clouds over the target. There was no flak and no enemy aircraft encountered on this raid. Capt. Jones and Lt. Gew led our formation which was composed of Lts. Thorndike, Sentner, Zorski, Bowden, Scholze, Lynch, Bradley and Slavik. 535th BS diary entry: By all round agreement, this was a milk run, with ten of the squadron crews participating in the group's PBO on 10/10th covered railway storage sidings at Soest, Germany, when neither flak nor fighters opposed our effort. Our pilots were: Lts Marby, Metts, Garrett, Max Miller, Sweetland, Stuart, Malleus, Beine, Osborne and Greenspan. 8th AF diary entry: 2 missions are flown. Mission 736: 1,191 bombers and 977 fighters are dispatched to make PFF attacks on rail targets in Germany; 3 bombers and 3 fighters are lost: 1. 419 B-17s are dispatched to hit marshalling yards at Kassel (212) and Soest (188); 2 others hit targets of opportunities; 4 B-17s are damaged beyond repair and 3 damaged. Escorting are 375 P-47s and P-51s; 1 P-51 is lost (pilot MIA). 2. 315 B-24s are sent to hit the Bebra marshalling yard (199); targets of opportunity are marshalling yards at Koblenz (78) and Giessen (21) and other (1); 1 B-24 is lost and 15 damaged; 10 airmen are MIA. Escorting are 290 P-47s and P-51s; they claim 6-0-11 aircraft on the ground. 3. 457 B-17s are sent to hit marshalling yards at Mainz (221) and Giessen (62); targets of opportunity are the Friedburg marshalling yard (119), Fulda (24), barges on the Rhine River (11) and other (6); 2 B-17s are lost, 1 damaged beyond repair and 106 damaged; 1 airman is WIA and 18 MIA. Escorting are 238 of 244 P-51s; 2 P-51s are lost (pilots MIA). 4. 36 of 37 P-51s fly a scouting mission. Mission 737: 10 of 11 B-17s and B-24s drop leaflets in the Netherlands, France and Germany during the night. “Some 1,200 Flying Fortresses and Liberators of the Eighth Air Force, accompanied by 1,000 United States fighters, hammered the transportation centers of Soest, Cassel, Bebra and Giessen and the Rhine city of Mainz.” From “Big Bombers Blast 8 Reich Rail Hubs,” on pages 5-6 of the link. http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/3234002/posts Mission #221 – Stuttgart, Germany 9th December 381st BG diary entry: With Col. Leber in the lead ship, 37 of our aircraft participated in the Dec. 9 attack on the railway marshalling yards at Stuttgart. The weather was bad from the German border on in, although the clouds began to break in the target area. The bombing run was begun on instruments, but the breaking clouds permitted a last-minute visual bombing. Results were unobserved, although on ball turret gunner reported a “good- looking pattern in the marshalling yards”. There were no Luftwaffe representatives in the skies but there was stiff ground opposition in the target area. The flak was described as moderate and accurate. One of our aircraft failed to return. Nine of our ships came back with major battle damage. One of the returning aircraft, its hydraulic system shot out, landed with a parachute out as a brake. There were two wounded aboard: T/Sgt. Rafae C. Larsen, 532nd radio operator, was hit by flak fragments in the back and right shoulder and died at Braintree Hospital two days later; and T/Sgt. Jacob P. Kaluza, top turret gunner, who received penetrating wounds in the loin and lacerations of the left arm. The missing ship was reported down at 1715 near Nancy. There were five casualties: S/Sgt. Harold E. Hallstrom, radio operator, suffered an amputation of one leg and fracture of the other in addition to other wounds, S/Sgt. John J. Sladek, ball turret, was hit in the head and suffered concussions and lacerations of the scalp; Sgt. William W. Robey, toggeleer, suffered a fracture of the right elbow joint and lacerations of the thigh, 2nd Lt. John H. Murphy, co-pilot, was hit in the right side, right arm and left thigh; and 2nd Lt. John C. Simpson Jr., navigator, suffered a fracture of the ankle bones in the right foot. Clark and his crew were in “Boulder Buff”. The mission was Number 221 for the Group. 532nd BS diary entry: The target for today was the marshalling yard at Stuttgart, however due to 8/10th cloud over the target, bombing was done by PFF with visual assist. Results unobserved. The only flak encountered was moderate, inaccurate, tracking and black in the target area. Taking part were: Lts Belskis, O'Connor, Instone, Lazar, Smith, Boyle, Nashold, Mousseau, Tauro and Reseigh. T/Sgts Larson and Kaluza of Lt Lazar's crew were seriously wounded. 533rd BS diary entry: Nine bombers of the 533rd took part in today's attack on the marshalling yards in the Unterturkheim district of Stuttgart. Lt Col Harry P. Leber, Jr., the 381st commander led the formation, in a 533rd ship 44-8175, flown by Capt Ewing S. Watson. The weather was bad from the German border to the target, but a last minute break in the clouds permitted a visual bomb run. One ball turret gunner reported a good concentration on the target; flak was heavy and six ships of the formation reported major battle damage. One 535th ship force landed in France. Today's other pilots were: Lts Baker, Tolchinsky, Pearce, Kinney, Privett, Goldin, Roush and Riza. M/Sgt Jesse Hyten, a ground crew chief, having not returned on time from pass, is believed to be one of the American soldiers killed when a V-Bomb struck a pub near Selfridge's Store, London. Sgt Broslawsky returned to duty from DS; four ground EM returned from furlough. 534th BS diary entry: Railroad marshalling yards at Stuttgart, Germany were attacked by 8 of our aircraft today. Due to 5-6/10ths clouds over the target, bombing was done by P.F.F. with visual assist. Results were reported as unobserved. No enemy fighter aircraft were sighted and flak was reported by crewmen as being moderate, accurate, tracking. This fire was encountered in the area of the target. The formation was led by Captain Jones and Lt. Gew. Pilots participating were: Lts. Thorndike, Unsworth, Slavik, Schilling, Lynch, Sentner and Marelius. Our squadron was low in the Group formation. 535th BS diary entry: Col Leber led our group of 37 Fortresses to a PBO bombing of the Unterturkheim railway marshalling yards at Stuttgart today. The formation met moderate but accurate flak which wounded six men, one known to be seriously, but none in our squadron. Weather began fouling at the German border and continued increasingly bad until in the target area. It was uncertain until the very last minutes whether instruments or visual technique would be used at bombs away. Only a few men cared to make any comment on bombing results, generally obscured by broken overcast. However, S/Sgt James C. Smith, ball turret on Lt O'Connor's "Pair of Queens", reported seeing tight patterns bursting red, sending up thick smoke from the yards. No enemy aircraft were encountered and our escort was there all the way, but a late report has Lt Clark and crew on "Boulder Buf", down near Melun, with five wounded aboard. No details yet. Participating today were: Todd (with Stallings), Beine, O'Connor, Springmeyer, Thornton, Malleus, Clark, Robuck and McGriffin. 8th AF diary entry: 2 missions are flown.