DOCSLIB.ORG

Sierra Leone

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone 2016 Country Review http://www.countrywatch.com Table of Contents Chapter 1 1 Country Overview 1 Country Overview 2 Key Data 3 Sierra Leone 4 Africa 5 Chapter 2 7 Political Overview 7 History 8 Political Conditions 9 Political Risk Index 31 Political Stability 46 Freedom Rankings 61 Human Rights 73 Government Functions 75 Government Structure 76 Principal Government Officials 78 Leader Biography 79 Leader Biography 79 Foreign Relations 83 National Security 90 Defense Forces 93 A Closer Look 94 Chapter 3 98 Economic Overview 98 Economic Overview 99 Nominal GDP and Components 101 Population and GDP Per Capita 103 Real GDP and Inflation 104 Government Spending and Taxation 105 Money Supply, Interest Rates and Unemployment 106 Foreign Trade and the Exchange Rate 107 Data in US Dollars 108 Energy Consumption and Production Standard Units 109 Energy Consumption and Production QUADS 110 World Energy Price Summary 111 CO2 Emissions 112 Agriculture Consumption and Production 113 World Agriculture Pricing Summary 115 Metals Consumption and Production 116 World Metals Pricing Summary 118 Economic Performance Index 119 Chapter 4 131 Investment Overview 131 Foreign Investment Climate 132 Foreign Investment Index 134 Corruption Perceptions Index 147 Competitiveness Ranking 159 Taxation 168 Stock Market 168 Partner Links 168 Chapter 5 170 Social Overview 170 People 171 Human Development Index 173 Life Satisfaction Index 176 Happy Planet Index 188 Status of Women 197 Global Gender Gap Index 199 Culture and Arts 208 Etiquette 209 Travel Information 209 Diseases/Health Data 219 Chapter 6 227 Environmental Overview 227 Environmental Issues 228 Environmental Policy 229 Greenhouse Gas Ranking 230 Global Environmental Snapshot 241 Global Environmental Concepts 252 International Environmental Agreements and Associations 267 Appendices 291 Bibliography 292 Sierra Leone Chapter 1 Country Overview Sierra Leone Review 2016 Page 1 of 304 pages Sierra Leone Country Overview SIERRA LEONE Sierra Leone is located in Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean. A British colony from the early 1800s, Sierra Leone became independent in 1961 with a constitution and parliamentary form of government. A new constitution in 1978 proclaimed Sierra Leone a one- party state. From 1991 to 2002, the country endured a civil war* that resulted in tens of thousands of deaths and the displacement of more than 1.5 million people. Democracy has slowly been reestablished since the end of the civil war, with the help of the international community, including a large United Nations peacekeeping mission. Despite possession of substantial mineral, agricultural and fishery resources, Sierra Leone remains extremely poor with 70 percent of the population living below the poverty line, because of macroeconomic mismanagement and civil war. *NOTE: The war in Sierra Leone lasted more than a decade and was marked by the rebel Revolutionary United Front's (RUF's) campaign of brutality and bloodshed that left tens of thousands dead (between 50,000 and 120,000 according to most estimates), even more maimed, and more than 1.5 million people displaced. The conflict also gained world attention because of the RUF's practice of abducting youth to be child soldiers, its use of female sex slaves, its culpability in mass rape, murder and mutilation, as well as the clandestine sale of conflict or "blood" diamonds to fund the civil war. International human rights organizations have noted that the atrocities committed by the rebel forces in Sierra Leone during the civil war were among the most vicious violations of human rights in the world. Former Liberian leader, Charles Taylor, was accused of supporting the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) rebels from across the border, thus advancing the rebels' efforts in Sierra Leone. In June 2006, the United Nations agreed to transfer Taylor from prison in Sierra Leone to The Hague where he has faced trial for crimes against humanity. In 2012, Taylor was found guilty of 11 counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity by the Special Court for Sierra Leone. Sierra Leone Review 2016 Page 2 of 304 pages Sierra Leone Key Data Key Data Region: Africa Population: 5879098 Tropical; hot, humid; summer rainy Climate: season (May to December); winter dry season (December to April). English (official, regular use limited to literate minority) Mende (principal vernacular in the south) Languages: Temne (principal vernacular in the north) Krio Currency: 1 leone (Le$) = 100 cents Holiday: Republic Day is 19 April (1961), National Day is 9 August Area Total: 71740 Area Land: 71620 Coast Line: 402 Sierra Leone Review 2016 Page 3 of 304 pages Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Country Map Sierra Leone Review 2016 Page 4 of 304 pages Sierra Leone Africa Regional Map Sierra Leone Review 2016 Page 5 of 304 pages Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Review 2016 Page 6 of 304 pages Sierra Leone Chapter 2 Political Overview Sierra Leone Review 2016 Page 7 of 304 pages Sierra Leone History European contacts with Sierra Leone were among the first in West Africa. Sierra Leone was the first West African British colony and, in fact, is considered the first "modern state" in sub-Saharan Africa. Foreign settlement did not occur until 1787, when the British prepared a refuge within the British Empire for freed slaves; that year, the site of current day Freetown received 400 freedmen from Great Britain. Disease and hostility from the indigenous people nearly eliminated the first group of returnees. Thousands of slaves were returned to or liberated in Freetown. Most chose to remain in Sierra Leone. These returned Africans - or "Krios" (Creoles) as they came to be called - were from all areas of Africa. Cut off from their homes and traditions by the experience of slavery, they assimilated British styles of life and built a flourishing trade on the West African coast. In the early 19th century, Freetown served as the residence of the British governor who also ruled the Gold Coast (now Ghana) and the Gambia settlements. Sierra Leone served as the educational center of British West Africa as well. Fourah Bay College, established in 1827, rapidly became a magnet for English-speaking Africans on the west coast. For more than a century, it was the only European-style university in western sub-Saharan Africa. The colonial history of Sierra Leone was not placid. The majority indigenous people mounted several unsuccessful revolts against British rule and Creole domination. Most of the 20th century history of the colony was peaceful, however, and independence was achieved without violence. The 1951 constitution provided a framework for de-colonization. Local ministerial responsibility was introduced in 1953, when Sir Milton Margai was appointed chief minister. He became prime minister after successful completion of constitutional talks in London in 1960. Independence came in April 1961, and Sierra Leone opted for a parliamentary system within the British Commonwealth. Sir Milton's Sierra Leone Peoples Party (SLPP) led the country to independence and the first general election under universal adult franchise in May 1962. Note on History: In certain entries, open source content from the State Department Background Sierra Leone Review 2016 Page 8 of 304 pages Sierra Leone Notes and Country Guides have been used. A full listing of sources is available in the Bibliography. Political Conditions Post-Independence Sir Milton Margai's Sierra Leone Peoples Party (SLPP) led the country to independence and became the country's first post-independence leader. Upon Sir Milton Margai's death in 1964, his half-brother, Sir Albert Margai, succeeded him as prime minister. Sir Albert Margai attempted to establish a one-party political system but met fierce resistance from the opposition All Peoples Congress (APC). He ultimately abandoned the idea. In closely contested elections in March 1967, the APC won a plurality of the parliamentary seats. Accordingly, the governor general (representing the British monarch) declared Siaka Stevens, APC leader and mayor of Freetown, as the new prime minister. Within a few hours, Stevens and Margai were placed under house arrest by Brig. David Lansana, the commander of the Republic of Sierra Leone Military Forces (RSLMF), on grounds that the determination of office should await the election of the local representatives to the house. A group of senior military officers overrode this action by seizing control of the government on March 23, arresting Lansana, and suspending the constitution. The group constituted itself as the National Reformation Council (NRC) with Brig. A.T. Juxon-Smith as its chairman. The NRC in turn was overthrown in April 1968 by a "sergeants' revolt," the Anti-Corruption Revolutionary Movement. NRC members were imprisoned, and other army and police officers deposed. Stevens at last assumed the office of prime minister under the restored constitution. The return to civilian rule led to legislative elections beginning in the fall of 1968 and the appointment of an all-APC cabinet. Following the adoption of a new republican constitution in April 1971, the House appointed Siaka Stevens president of the Republic. He was elected for a second five-year term in April 1977. In the national legislative election that followed in May 1977, the APC won 74 seats and the opposition SLPP 15. The next year, Stevens' government won approval for the idea of a one-party government, which the APC had once rejected. Following enactment of a new one-party constitution in 1978, SLPP members of parliament joined the APC. During this period, political strife flared up several times . In 1970, a state of emergency was declared after provincial disturbances, and in March 1971 and Sierra Leone Review 2016 Page 9 of 304 pages Sierra Leone July 1974, alleged military coup plots were uncovered by the government. The leaders of the plots were tried and executed. In 1977, student demonstrations against the government disrupted Sierra Leone politics.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Annual Report 2010
    POLITICAL PARTIES REGISTRATION Political Parties Registration Commission – Annual Report ­ 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Table of Content …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...1‐3 Acronyms ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4 Ag. Chairman’s Foreword ……………………………………………......................................................................................5 Registrar’s Annual Review ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………6 State of the Political Situation in Sierra Leone in 2010 ...…………………………………………………………………………………7‐8 Commissioners ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….9‐10 Core Staff /Support Staff ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..11‐12 Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………13 Part one (1) – Setting the Context – Formation of Political Parties 1.1 Synopsis of Political Party formation in Sierra Leone…………………………………………………………………………………14 Part Two (2) – History, Mandate and powers of the PPRC 1. History and Mandate of PPRC………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………15 1.1. Mandate of PPRC………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………15 1.2. Operational Independence of PPRC…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..15 1.3. Powers of the Commission………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..15 1.3.1. Conviction and/or Fine……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………15 1.3.2. Refusal to register political parties………………………………………………………………………………………………………….16 1.3.3. Formulation of Regulations in the discharge of its duties………………………………………………………………………..16
    [Show full text]
  • Sierra Leone
    Coor din ates: 8°3 0′N 1 1 °3 0′W Sierra Leone Sierra Leone (/siˌɛrə liˈoʊn, -ˈoʊni/, UK also /siˌɛərə-, [6] Republic of Sierra Leone ˌsɪərə-/), officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea to the northeast, Liberia to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the southwest. It has a tropical climate, with a diverse environment ranging from savanna to 2 rainforests. The country has a total area of 7 1,7 40 km Flag Coat of arms (27 ,699 sq mi)[7] and a population of 7 ,07 5,641 as of Motto: "Unity, Freedom, Justice" the 2015 census.[2] Sierra Leone is a constitutional republic with a directly elected president and a Anthem: High We Exalt Thee, Realm of the Free unicameral legislature. Sierra Leone has a dominant unitary central government. The country's capital and largest city is Freetown (population 1,050,301). The second most populous city is Kenema (population 200,354) located 200 miles from Freetown. Sierra Leone is made up of five administrative regions: the Northern Province, North West Province, Eastern Province, Southern Province and the Western Area. These regions are subdivided into sixteen districts, which are further divided into 190 chiefdoms.[8][9] Sierra Leone was a British colony from 1808 to 1961. Sierra Leone became independent from the United Location of Sierra Leone (dark blue) Kingdom on 27 April 1961, led by Sir Milton Margai, – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) – in the African Union (light blue) – [Legend] who became the country's first prime minister.
    [Show full text]
  • Sierra Leone: Business More Than Usual
    Institute for Security Studies Situation Report Date issued: 8 November 2010 Author: Lansana Gberie1 Distribution: General Contact: [email protected] Sierra Leone: Business More Than Usual Introduction It is over three years since Ernest Bai Koroma, leading the All Peoples Congress (APC), became President of Sierra Leone, and less than two years to elections that will test both his popularity and the country’s ability to sustain its post- war democratic experiment. Koroma’s victory in 2007, which unseated the Sierra Leone Peoples Party (SLPP) after it had steered the country through a brutal civil war to a peaceful democratic transition, was remarkable. It was only the second time in Sierra Leone’s history that a sitting government was defeated at the polls; and it brought to power a party that had introduced a one-party state in the 1970s, led the country to civil war in 1991, and was overthrown in a coup by junior officers in 1992. Since coming to power, Koroma’s government has appeared full of vigour and the past three years have been eventful. The government has completed a number of road reconstruction projects it inherited from its predecessor and has embarked on significant new ones. While still far from being satisfactory, the electricity situation in the capital, Freetown, has improved considerably; and on the whole the capital is far cleaner and more robust than it was previously. In addition, Koroma’s efforts to provide free medical care for lactating mothers and children under five are commendable. No less important, the government’s Smallholder Commercialisation Programme, which aims to assist peasant or subsistence farmers in the country with the resources and technical know-how to expand and commercialise their productive capital, holds immense promise.
    [Show full text]
  • New Approaches to the Founding of the Sierra Leone Colony, 1786–1808
    Bowling Green State University ScholarWorks@BGSU History Faculty Publications History Winter 2008 New Approaches to the Founding of the Sierra Leone Colony, 1786–1808 Isaac Land Indiana State University, [email protected] Andrew M. Schocket Bowling Green State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/hist_pub Part of the Cultural History Commons, and the United States History Commons Repository Citation Land, Isaac and Schocket, Andrew M., "New Approaches to the Founding of the Sierra Leone Colony, 1786–1808" (2008). History Faculty Publications. 5. https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/hist_pub/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at ScholarWorks@BGSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@BGSU. New Approaches to the Founding of the Sierra Leone Colony, 1786–1808 Isaac Land Indiana State University Andrew M. Schocket Bowling Green State University This special issue of the Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History consists of a forum of innovative ways to consider and reappraise the founding of Britain’s Sierra Leone colony. It originated with a conversation among the two of us and Pamela Scully – all having research interests touching on Sierra Leone in that period – noting that the recent historical inquiry into the origins of this colony had begun to reach an important critical mass. Having long been dominated by a few seminal works, it has begun to attract interest from a number of scholars, both young and established, from around the globe.1 Accordingly, we set out to collect new, exemplary pieces that, taken together, present a variety of innovative theoretical, methodological, and topical approaches to Sierra Leone.
    [Show full text]
  • Governance and Political Economy Constraints to World Bank CAS Priorities in Sierra Leone
    Governance and Political Economy Constraints to World Bank CAS Priorities in Sierra Leone James A. Robinsony October 2008 I am greatly indebted to Mohamed Gibril Sesay without whose assistance and wisdom I would never have been able to undertake this research. Most of the ideas I discuss here formed during discussions with him. I am also particularly indebted to Ishac Diwan who suggested and facilitated this research and most important challenged me to make it ambitious. I would also like to thank Doug Addison, Juan Costain, Engilbert Gud- mundsson, and Nicola Smithers for their suggestions and all of the people who gave so generously of their time in Freetown, Bo and Koidu. The views expressed in this paper are my own and not those of the World Bank Group. yHarvard University, Department of Government, IQSS, 1737 Cambridge Street N309, Cambridge, MA 01238; e-mail: [email protected]. Abstract In this paper I discuss the political economy of Sierra Leone and how it should in‡uence the World Bank’sCountry Assistance Strategy (CAS). The main focus of the research is to try to understand the extent to which the perverse political incentives which drove the country into poverty and civil war between 1961 and 1991 have re-asserted themselves since the return of peace in 2002. This question is made particularly compelling by the return to power in 2007 of the All People’sCongress Party, who presided over the decline of the country. My preliminary conclusion is that while there are some obvious changes in the political environment, appeal remains in the political strategies which were so costly to the nation and some new forces which have emerged have potentially perverse consequences.
    [Show full text]
  • Zack-Williams PD.Indd
    The Quest for Sustainable POST-CONFLICT AFRICAN STATES such as Sierra Leone, The Quest for face critical challenges as they embark on the complex tasks of reconciliation, peace and the rebuilding of war-torn societies. Conflict transformation ultimately depends on the Sustainable Development democratisation of society, in ways that promote equitable inclusiveness in the political process, social justice and the promotion of citizenship rights. and Peace This collection of three essays explores the significance of Democracy, Development and Peace Sierra Leone’s 2007 elections in the light of the quest of the people for a democracy that is responsive to social demands, welfare and popular aspirations. It provides first- hand information and analysis of the struggles of the Sierra Leonean citizens to overcome the legacy of a traumatic past, by using their vote to sanction bad governance, and choose a path to a good life and sustainable democracy as the most viable guarantee for peace and development. CONTRIBUTIONS BY Fantu Cheru, The Nordic African Institute Osman Gbla, University of Sierra Leone The 2007 A.B. Zack-Williams, University of Central Lancashire Zubairu Wai, York University Sierra Leone Elections Edited by A.B. Zack-Williams ISBN 978-91-7106-619-0 Nordiska Afrikainstitutet With a Foreword by Fantu Cheru The Nordic Africa Institute P.O. Box 1703 SE-751 47 Uppsala, Sweden www.nai.uu.se P O L IC Y DI AL O G UE N O . 2 THE NORDIC AFRIC A In S T I T U T E The Nordic Africa Institute (Nordiska Afrikainstitutet) is a center for research, documentation and information on modern Africa in the Nordic region.
    [Show full text]
  • Letter to African Minerals Limited and Response
    HUMAN RIGHTS WHOSE DEVELOPMENT? Human Rights Abuses in Sierra Leone’s Mining Boom WATCH Whose Development? Human Rights Abuses in Sierra Leone’s Mining Boom Copyright © 2014 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-62313-1067 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org FEBRUARY 2014 978-1-62313-1067 Whose Development? Human Rights Abuses in Sierra Leone’s Mining Boom Map of Sierra Leone ............................................................................................................ i Summary ..........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The West Indian Mission to West Africa: the Rio Pongas Mission, 1850-1963
    The West Indian Mission to West Africa: The Rio Pongas Mission, 1850-1963 by Bakary Gibba A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of History University of Toronto © Copyright by Bakary Gibba (2011) The West Indian Mission to West Africa: The Rio Pongas Mission, 1850-1963 Doctor of Philosophy, 2011 Bakary Gibba Department of History, University of Toronto Abstract This thesis investigates the efforts of the West Indian Church to establish and run a fascinating Mission in an area of West Africa already influenced by Islam or traditional religion. It focuses mainly on the Pongas Mission’s efforts to spread the Gospel but also discusses its missionary hierarchy during the formative years in the Pongas Country between 1855 and 1863, and the period between 1863 and 1873, when efforts were made to consolidate the Mission under black control and supervision. Between 1873 and 1900 when additional Sierra Leonean assistants were hired, relations between them and African-descended West Indian missionaries, as well as between these missionaries and their Eurafrican host chiefs, deteriorated. More efforts were made to consolidate the Pongas Mission amidst greater financial difficulties and increased French influence and restrictive measures against it between 1860 and 1935. These followed an earlier prejudiced policy in the Mission that was strongly influenced by the hierarchical nature of nineteenth-century Barbadian society, which was abandoned only after successive deaths
    [Show full text]
  • Sierra Leone, the Quest for Face Critical Challenges As They Embark on the Complex Tasks of Reconciliation, Peace and the Rebuilding of War-Torn Societies
    The Quest for Sustainable POST-CONFLICT AFRICAN STATES such as Sierra Leone, The Quest for face critical challenges as they embark on the complex tasks of reconciliation, peace and the rebuilding of war-torn societies. Conflict transformation ultimately depends on the Sustainable Development democratisation of society, in ways that promote equitable inclusiveness in the political process, social justice and the promotion of citizenship rights. and Peace This collection of three essays explores the significance of Democracy, Development and Peace Sierra Leone’s 2007 elections in the light of the quest of the people for a democracy that is responsive to social demands, welfare and popular aspirations. It provides first- hand information and analysis of the struggles of the Sierra Leonean citizens to overcome the legacy of a traumatic past, by using their vote to sanction bad governance, and choose a path to a good life and sustainable democracy as the most viable guarantee for peace and development. CONTRIBUTIONS BY Fantu Cheru, The Nordic African Institute Osman Gbla, University of Sierra Leone The 2007 A.B. Zack-Williams, University of Central Lancashire Zubairu Wai, York University Sierra Leone Elections Edited by A.B. Zack-Williams ISBN 978-91-7106-619-0 Nordiska Afrikainstitutet With a Foreword by Fantu Cheru The Nordic Africa Institute P.O. Box 1703 SE-751 47 Uppsala, Sweden www.nai.uu.se P O L IC Y DI AL O G UE N O . 2 THE NORDIC AFRIC A In S T I T U T E The Nordic Africa Institute (Nordiska Afrikainstitutet) is a center for research, documentation and information on modern Africa in the Nordic region.
    [Show full text]
  • Anuario Internacional CIDOB 2008 Claves Para Interpretar La Política Exterior Española Y Las Relaciones Internacionales En
    Anuario Internacional CIDOB 2008 Claves para interpretar la Política Exterior Española y las Relaciones Internacionales en 2007 Observatorio electoral internacional 2007 (+34) 93 302 6495 - Fax. (+34) 93 302 2118 - [email protected] - [email protected] 302 2118 93 Fax. (+34) - 302 6495 93 (+34) - Calle Elisabets, 12 - 08001 Barcelona, España - Tel. España 08001 Barcelona, 12 - - Calle Elisabets, Fundación CIDOB Observatorio electoral internacional 2007 Se recogen en este capítulo los resultados de las eleccio- ARGENTINA nes presidenciales y legislativas que han tenido lugar en ELECCIONES PRESIDENCIALES 2007 en estados independientes. Si son políticamente sig- 28 de octubre de 2007 nificativas, pueden constar también las convocatorias de Anteriores: 27 de abril y 18 de mayo de 2003 referéndum y las elecciones celebradas en entidades con República presidencialista. El presidente es elegido para ejercer autonomía o en otros territorios relevantes en el escenario un mandato de cuatro años. En este caso solamente se celebra internacional. una vuelta al obtener la primera candidatura más de 10 puntos de ventaja sobre la segunda o más del 45% de los votos. ARGELIA Candidatos % ELECCIONES LEGISLATIVAS 17 de mayo de 2007 Cristina Fernández de Kírchner Anteriores: 30 de mayo de 2002 (Alianza Frente para la Victoria) 44,9 República semipresidencialista. Legislativo bicameral. 389 Elisa M. A. Carrió (Confederación Coalición Cívica) 22,9 escaños a cubrir en la Asamblea Nacional (al-Majlis al-Sha’abi al- Roberto Lavagna (Alianza Concertación Watani/Assemblé Populaire Nationale) por cinco años median- Una Nación Avanzada) 16,8 te representación proporcional en circunscripciones plurinomi- Alberto Rodríguez Saa nales. 7 escaños están reservados para los residentes en el (Alianza Frente de Justicia, Unión y Libertad) 7,7 extranjero.
    [Show full text]
  • The Philatelic Library of Eric Pethers
    The Philatelic Library of Eric Pethers SUBJECT & No. TITLE AUTHOR TYPE YEAR PRICE ADEN a1415 The Postal History of British Aden ( 1839-1967 ) Major R.W. Pratt & others Hardback 1985 £30.00 AFGHANISTAN a1212 Afghanistan 1840-1996 Postal History Handbook. ( No.8 of 50. Signed ) John M. Wilkins Softback 2000 £50.00 AIR & AIRMAIL a1699 50 Years of Australian Air Mails H.N. Eustis Softback 1964 £12.00 a242 A Pioneer British Air Mail, Bath-London , 1912 A.E. Hopkins Hardback 1929 £4.00 a967 A Priced Catalogue of Air Posts of the World Alan Turton Hardback 1925 £7.50 a1193 Air Mail ( Republished ) Official Document Softback 1929 £3.00 a1678 Air Mail Routes and Rates in South America 1928-1940 In Spanish and English Mario D. Kurchan Softback 1999 £35.00 a1756 Airmail 1870-1970 James Mackay Hardback 1971 £12.00 a1700 All Up Air mail John C.W. Field Softback 1978 £3.00 a975 Bridging the Pacific John C.W. Field Softback Undated £10.00 a1766 British External Airmails until 1934 Alexander S. Newall Hardback Undated £22.00 a1166 Commercial Zeppelin Flights to South America John Duggan & Jim Grave Softback 1995 £17.50 a1200 Correio Aereo A History of the Development of Air Mail Service in Brazil William Victor Kriebel Softback 1996 £12.50 a107 De Havilland A Postal History Roy Wheeler Softback 1996 £17.50 a236 Deutsche Lufthansa South Atlantic Airmail Service 1934-1939 James W. Graue & John Duggan Softback 2000 £48.00 a1764 East African Airmails to 1939 Bill Colley Softback 1994 £15.00 a1862 Etiquettes: Par Avion - By Air Mail Frank G.
    [Show full text]
  • Parliament of the Republic of Sierra Leone Parliamentarydebates
    PARLIAMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SIERRA LEONE P A R L I A M E N T A R Y D E B A T E S ____ (HANSARD) ______________ OFFICIAL HANSARD REPORT FIRST SESSION-FIRST MEETING THURSDAY, 14TH FEBRUARY, 2013 SESSION – 2012/2013 1 PARLIAMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SIERRA LEONE P A R L I A M E N T A R Y D E B A T E S ____ (HANSARD) ______________ OFFICIAL HANSARD REPORT VOLUME: I NUMBER: 17 First Meeting of the First Session of the Fourth Parliament Of the Second Republic of Sierra Leone. Proceedings of the Sitting of the House Held on Thursday, 14th February, 2013. 2 I. PRAYERS II. CORRECTION OF VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS FOR WEDNESDAY, 13TH FEBRUARY, 2013 III. SWEARING-IN OF ELECTED MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT (THIRD SCHEDULE OF THE 1991 CONSTITUTION OF SIERRA LEONE) IV. BILL THE APPROPRIATION ACT, 2013 SECOND READING THE MINISTER OF FINANCE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (SECOND ALLOTTED DAY) 3 THE CHAMBER OF PARLIAMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SIERRA LEONE Official Hansard Report of the Proceedings of the House ______________________________________________________ FIRST SESSION-FIRST MEETING OF THE FOURTH PARLIAMENT OF THE SECOND REPUBLIC _____________________________ Thursday, 14th February, 2013. The House met at 10:00 a.m. in Parliament Building, Tower Hill, Freetown. I. PRAYERS [The Clerk of Parliament, Hon. Ibrahim Sulaiman Sesay, Read the Prayers]. [The Speaker, Hon. Justice Abel Nathaniel Bankole Stronge, in the Chair]. The House was called to Order 4 II. CORRECTION OF VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS FOR WEDNESDAY 13TH FEBRUARY, 2013 THE SPEAKER: Honourable Members, we go through the record of Votes and Proceedings for Wednesday 13th February, 2013.
    [Show full text]