The Newsletter of the NIH Alumni Association

Spring 1998 Vol. 10, No. 1 date

Director's Meeting NIH Budgets Covers Many Topics Generous '98 Budget, Favorable '99 Forecast By Carla Garnett President Clinton sig11ed another Although attendees may not have record budget for NlH on Nov. 13. found many items on the agenda '"as totaWng $13.648 billion, or a 7.1 gripping as the latest novel," said NCH percent increase over fiscal year J997, director Dr. Harold Vannus in opening and $570 million more than be bad remarks at tJ1e Dec. 4 session of the originally requested in his spending advisory comminee to lhe director plan for fiscal 1998. Among the most (ACD), the issues that were covered notable items in the budget are $90 "are of tremendous importance to the million to continue funding for Lhe future of the NlH." Mark 0. Hatfield Cl.inical Research NotwitJ1standfog Varmus's caveat, Dr. Leon E. Rosenberg Center, $17 milli.on to build a new ACD members were greeted warmly Vaccine Research Center on campus, with news of NTH's $13.6 billion FY Lecture and Award and fund ing for nearly 7,700 new and 1998 budget appropriation. At once competing research project grants. basking in the agency's fiduciary Rosenberg and Butler During the signing ceremony ar lhe success and cautioning that "appro­ While House, Clinton said the FY priations is an annual game," he said Selected for 1998 1998 Labor, HHS, and.Education the 7 percent increase, lhe third and NIHAA Events Appropriations Act "significantly largest increase in as many years, increases funding for biomedical underscores the confidence and trust In 1998, the NIH Alumni Association research, from cancer to Parkinson's the President and members of Con­ will host two exciting events. First, Dr. disease...to lhe astonishing Human gress place in NIH's leaders- and the Leon E. Rosenberg will deliver lhe (See Budgets p. 14) added responsibility- to spend lhe James A. Shannon Lecture on Monday, nation's money wisely. Later in his June I, at 3 p.m. in Masur Auditotium. In This /SSlle Page remarks, Varmus addressed the issue Second, Dr. Roben N. Butler, fonuer of the public's perception about how NIA director, will be honored with lhe Research Festival '97 3 NIH manages and distributes its funds. l998 NIHAA Public Service Award at He noted tbat Congress included NIHAA's annual meeting that will be Cale11dar 4 $300,000 in the current appropriation held in lhe fall. Newsfrom and about NIHAA members 6 for a study to be done by the Institute Rosenberg's topic is "The Medical of Medicine (IOM) on how NIH sets Research Enterprise: I've Seen This A q11eryfrom NIHAA preside111 10 its research priorities and how it World From AU Sides Now." The title Cmise flyer 11 decides which science to support. sums up a career that has encompassed Reflecting on Lhe "extremely government, academia and industry. Scie11ce Research Updates 16 dramatic" changes he's witnessed in After graduaLing from the University of lhe budgetary climate during his 4 18 Wisconsin Medical School in 1957, 811ifdi11g, b11ildi11g, b11ildi11g years as NIH director, Vamrns recalled Rosenberg completed his internship and A tale ofan a11cie11t tree 20 .his arr.ival in 1993 to threats that he residency at Columbia-Presbyterian should expect serious cuts in funding Hospital. ln 1959, he came to NCI as a Nm Notes 22 for NIH. clinical associate in metabolism and Mail-in ballot for board 29 "The threats seemed so serious," he later became a senior investigator said, "that my own approach to the (1961-1962 and 1963-1965). Nlfl Retrospectives 31

(See Meeting p. 13) (See Events p. 2) N I H A A UPDATE

mission of intr.imural and extramural Events (co/lfi/111ed f/'0111 p. I ) NIH. The lectureship has been named From NlH. he went 10 the School of 10 honor Dr. Jarres A. Shannon, NfH Medicine at Yale University to become director from 1955 to 1968, a period of Update a professor of human genetics, medi­ considerable growth and redirection cine and pediatrics. In 1984 he The NIHAA Update is tire newsleuer of tire for the institutes. NIH Alumni Association. The NIHAA office became dean, a post he held until The second NIHAA event will honor is tll 9101 Old Georgetown Rd.. Betlresda. 1991, when he became president of Dr. Robert N. Butler as the sixth MD 20814-1616. 301-530-0567. Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical NlHAA Public Service Awardee. Research Institute. Butler is now professor and director, Editor's Note His major research examined inher­ International Longevity Center, ited metabolic disorders in children. department of geriatric and adult The NIHAA Updmc ll'elcomes leuers and He clarified the molecular basis of development, Mount Sinai School nell's from its readers. We 11·islz w pro1•ide several genetic enzyme deficiencies news about NIH 10 its alumni and to of Medicine. repol'I a/u11111i concerns a11d i~1.f'o1:11w1io11 - and developed new therapeutic ap­ Butler won the Pulitzer prize for Wiiy appoi111111ems. honors. p11bl1cauo11s an~ proaches 10 those syndromes. In Sun•ive? Being Old in America (l976). orlrer i111eres1i11g de1·elopmen1s- 10 their addition. his work has elucidated the He is the author or editor of I I books. colleagues. If you lw1•e nell'Sabo111 you~self mechanism by which newly synthe­ Last year he was honored by !OM with or other alumni or comme111s/s11gge.mo11s sized proteins are transported. the Gustave 0. Lienhard Award. He for The NIHAA Update, please ~rOfJ a 1101~ to 1/te editor. We resen•e tire rrg/11 to ed11 Rosenberg retired from Squibb in recently cofounced the nonprofit materials. 1996 and is now professor in the International Longevity Center 10 Wovurow Wilsv11 Schvol at P1 i11ct:1011 focus world allention on aging and Edi/or: Harrier R. Greenwald and president of Funding First, an prepare society for an increasing initiative for medical research in honor aged population. NJHAA Newsletter Editorial Advisory of Mary Woodard Lasker. The NlHAA board of directors chose Committee The NlHAA selection commiuee felt Butler because he more than met the Jerome G. Green, Chairman that Rosenberg's experiences-at NIH two criteria for selecti on, a close and Anrice Bader during the Shannon years, at Yale, and Michael M. Go11es111an \ono-tenn0 affiliaiion with NIH and at Squibb-make him an ideal person national/international recognition of Victoria A. Harden co give a broad perspective on the public service, especially in the field of Ct1rl Lewmtlzal Roben G. Marrin issues that affect biomedical research, medical research. Abner L{)11is No1ki11s now and in the future. Details about the event, which will Saul Rosen Last year the NIH AA established a also celebrate the l0th anniversary of Storm Whaley lecture series to promote public NIHAA, will be mailed to members. Richard G. Wya11 discussion of issues that affect the Nl f/AA Newsletter Board of Co11trib11ti11g Editors The NTH Alumni Association Pamela £. Anderson invites you to the second Linda Brown Giorgio Bemardi James A. Shannon Lecture: H. Fmnklin 8111111 He11n·k Eisenberg "The Medical Research Enterprise: I've Seen This 00110/d S. Fredrickson Ui1'.v A. Ha11so11 World From All Si des Now" George Klein Ricltnrd M. Krause Dr. Leon E. Rosenberg Robert Q. Marsro11 Richard McMamis Carlos Monge Monday, June I, 1998 at 3 p.m. Roger Monier Masur Auditoriu m, Building 10 Seymour Perry Uiis A. Sa/:.J11ai1 Michael Sela Reception to Follow

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N I H A A U P D A T E

Calendar of Spring and Summer Exhibits, Walter Reed Exhibit

As part of the Bicentennial Com­ memoration of the U.S. PubUc Health Service in .1998, an exhibit entitled "Doctors at the Gate: The U.S. Public Health Service at Ellis Island," is 0 11 display at the National Museum of Health and Medicine, Armed Forces I.nstitute of Pathology, Washingtoo D.C., from Feb. 5 through June 21 . The exhibit focuses on the role of the PHS in the medical inspection of arriving immigrants at Ellis Island from its opening in 1892 until 1924, when more restrictive laws greatly slowed the flow of immigrants to the United States. It also discusses the care provided on Ellis Island A PHS doctor examining an arriving immigrant's eyes tor trachoma. to those immigrants who required (Photo courtesy National Archives) hospitali zation. The Office of the PHS Historian (NLM) and the media arls branch of DeWitt Sletten, Jr., Museum ln July, the museum will exhibit a the Department of Heal tl1 and Human retrospective of the medical poster art Services co llaborated with the mu­ The DeWitt Stetten, Jr., Museum of of the NIH Medical Arts and Photogra­ seum in the preparation of the exhibit. Medical Research plans three exhibits: phy Branch. The exhibit wUl be Prof. Alan Kraut of American Univer­ "Revolution in Progress: Human located in the lobby of the Natcher sity, an expert on immigration history, Genetics and Med ical Research," Building (Bldg. 45) and will feature a was a consoltant. A nu mber of prepared in co!Jaboration with selection of posrers that illustrate the individuals and institutions provided NHGRI, ~HAID , NCI, NHLBI and changing artistic approaches ro artifacts, photographs and information NlGMS, is displayed on the fi rst communicatiJ1g scientific subjects for the exhibit floor in the CC (Bldg. 10) near the from the I960's through the l 990's. The National Museum of Health and dental clinic. For more informatio n contact Michele Medicine is located at tl1e Walter Reed In May , the museum opens another Lyons, curator, at 301-496-6610. Army Medical Center, Georgia exhibit in the CC, "Fluorescence in Avenue and Elder Street N.W., Medical Research: The Aminco­ National Library of Medicine Washington, D.C. For hours and Bowman Spectrophotofluorometer," in directions, call 202-782-2200. co !Jaboration with NHLBI's 50tb Continuing until Aug. 15, 1998, anniversary activities. A symposium "Frankenstein: Penerrating the Secrets in honor of Bowman is being planned of Nature," a show that explores the in connection with the exhibit. For popularization of the Frankenstein more information contact Dr. Robert myth and broader questions about the L. Berger, chair of the symposium public's fear of science and ics powers. committee, ar 301-897-5964. It features J9th century artifacts on resuscitating the nearly dead, early efforts at blood transfusion and

4 S P R I N G 1 9 9 8

NIH and NIHAA Events and Institute Anniversaries attempts to reanimate dead bodies. USPHS Luncheon Institute Anniversaries This exbibit. organized by the mstory In 1998, of Medicine Division at NLM. is on On Thursday, May 7, the 35Lh annual NHLBJ marks view in the NLM lobby (Bldg. 38, reception/luncheon for the U.S. Public itS 50t11 8600 Rockville Pike). For more Health Service retirees wiU be held at anniversary infonnation call 301-435-3270. lhe Officer's Clu b of che NavaJ with a host of A new exhibit entiUcd, "We Were Medical Hospital in Bethesda. The events. For Herc Fi1·st: The History of the NLM reception with an open bar will begin complete Site. 1000 BC - 1955 AD," is located at I I a.m. Lunch will be served at information at the entrance to the History of 12:30 p.m. The guest speaker will be on all Medicine Division, just off the NLM Dr. Fitzhugh Mullan. a retired PHS regional, national and international lobby. Tbe exhibit, which will be officer and author of Plagues and events, contact the 50th anniversary open until the end of .June, uses Politics, the Story ofthe USP HS. To coordinator, Sharry Palagi at original artifacti; and digital reproduc­ commemorate the 200th an niversary 30 1-402-3424. The following tions of maps and photographs co of the federa l public health programs, activities wi ll be held on the NCH illustrate 3.000 years of human all luncheon attendees will be given a campus: A symposium on the activity on the land where NLM and special edition of the history of the "Shannon Legacy of Renal Research its environs now exist. USPHS in pictures. assembled by the at NHLBI." May 4-5 in the Natcher PHS historian. There will also be Bldg. A special 50Lh anniversary NIH Events commemorative displays and docu­ exhibit will be on display in CC in ments, videos and pictures. The May. The NIH Director's Wednesday Juncheon is $I 8. Reservation with NIDR kicked Afternoon Lectures will be held at 3 check should be sent by Apr. 24 to off its SOth p.m. in Masur Auditorium, Bldg. 10. Pecer J. Bersano. 6043 N. 5th Road. anniversary Following is a sample of speakers: Arlington, VA 22203-1054. celebration with May 7-Paul Ehrlich Lecture: Dr. several special Michael Zasloff NIHAA Events evenrs in June I-James A. Shannon Lec­ October that ture: Dr. Leon E. Rosenberg On Monday, June l, 1998, the coincided wilh June 10, 2-4 p.m.-General Motors second"Jam es A. Shannon lecture will the annual Cancer Research Foundation be held in Masur Auditorium at 3:00 meeting of the Annual Scientific Conference: p.m. The speaker will be Dr. Leon E. American Dental Association in Introduction by Dr. Samuel A Wells, Rosenberg and the title of his talk is Washington. D.C. Jr.. of Laureates Lectures, given by "The Medical Enterprise: I've Seen lt A SOth anniversary symposium will winners of General Motors Prizes for From All Sides Now" (see article on be held at the NIH on June 9, Cancer Research p. I for details). followed by a gala celebration dinner J une 24-The NIH Director 's Continuing Education Cruise to in the evening. Cultural Lecture: Dr. Robert Pinsky, Norway, June 23-JuJy S. 1997. An exhibit and symposium will be 39Lh United States Poet Laureate. For See flyer on pages I I and 12 for more held June 2-1 U1rough June 27 a1 the more information, call Hilda Madine at details. International Association for Denutl 30 1-594-5595. Research conference in Nice, France. For more information contact Dr. Lois Cohen at 30 1-594-7710.

For more informution about NfH ewnll> cull 301 -496-1766. F'or more information ubout NIHAA C\COl'> call 301-530-0567.

5 N I H A A UPDATE

News From and About NIHAA Members and Foreign Chapters

Dr. Baruch S. Blumberg, who was in provided an overview of NIH intramu­ with the David Ross Boyd professor­ d1e geographic medicine and genetics ral work io the early l 960's in a talk ship-the highest honor that the section of NIAID (1957-1964) and a titled "From Coding to Cloning." He university can bestow on its faculty. recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize in focused primarily on the work of Dr. This professorship, named after the first Medicine, bas been on a sabbatical Marshall Nirenberg's l~boratory to president of the University of Okla­ from Fox Chase Cancer Center in break the genetic code, which led to homa, is rarely awarded. It is given to Philadelphia. He is at Stanford recent advances in molecular genetics. an individual who bas demonstrated University where he is teaching and Dr. Elizabeth Neufeld described her superior teaching ability, education wri.tiog a book about the discovery of work as a biochemist on lysosomal leadership and student guidance. hepatitis B. A perspective of his storage disease, which led her i.nto the Brumback is also editor-in-chief of the account was publjsbed in the Proceed­ realm of clinical studies. Journal of Child Neurology, and he ings ofthe National Academy of writes a weekly medical advice column Sciences (vol. 94, pp. 7121 -25, July Dr. David A. Blake, a research for one of Oklahoma's daily newspa­ J997). This articlejs a source for a associate in the Pharmacology­ pers, The Nonnan Transcript. case study, ''The Viral Hepatitis Story," Toxicology Program at NIGMS and in which is part of a monograph series the Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacol­ Dr. George Cannellos, with Ncr as a from the National Academy of Sciences ogy at NHLBI with Dr. F.R. Gillette clinical associate (1963-1965), a senior called Beyond Discovery: The Path (1966-1967), bas Jeft the Association investigator (1967-1974), and acting from Research to Human Benefits. of American Medical Colleges where clinical director (1974-1975), is now he was senior vice president for William Rosenberg professor of _ Dr. Robert Berger, who retired from research. He bas been nan1ed associate medicine at the Dana-Farber Institute, NHLBI after 34 years, volunteers 5 direcror of the Robert W. Woodruff Harvard Medical School. He recently morniqgs a week at Walter Reed Health Sciences Center and vice received an honorary degree from the where he continues his instrument president for academic health affairs at University of Athens. Medical School. development and hemoglobin Emory University in Atlanta. He is also a fellow :in the Royal research. He is also responsible for Colleges of Physicians of Great Britain a symposium, scheduled for spring or Di: Roger A. Brumback, who was a and Scotland. early summer, which honors the Jate clinical associate in the NINCDS Dr. Robert Bowman, with whom Medical Neurology Branch (1975­ Dr. David Challoner, who was a Berger worked at NHLBI. The L977), bas been on the faculty of the research associate in the Laboratory of symposium will be held in conjunction University of Oklahoma College of Metabolism at NHI (1963-1965), is with an exhibit on the Aminco­ Medicine since 1986, where be has vice president of health affairs at the Bowman Spectrophotofluorometer. been professor of pathology and adjunct University of Florida in Gainesville. professor of He chaired a group of authors who Three fonner NlH'ers participated in neurology, wrote a guidebook for mentors, the tenth anniversary symposium of pediatrics, Adviser, Teacher, Role Model, Friend: the DeWitt Stetten, Jr., Museum of psychiatry On Being a Me1Uor to Students in Medical Research on Oct. 8, 1997, and Science and Engineeril~g (Washington, held in conjunction with the NIH behavioral D.C., National Academy Press, J997). Research Festival. The symposium sciences It outlines the practices of good title was "The N1H Intramural and mentoring, gives examples of good and Research Program: Sixty Years in orthopedic bad mentoring and describes the Bethesda." Dr. Robert Berliner surgery. different sorts of guidance needed. described the exciting early years of Recently be the NHI under the leadership of Dr. was Dr. Rita Colwell, a member of a James A. Shannon. Dr. Philip Leder, honored microbiology training committee at NIGMS (1970-J 973) as well as other

6 S P R I N G 1 9 9 8

NfH advisory councils, is president consulram business. renjoy working Lecture, ·'A Genetic Approach to the of the Maryland Biotechnology with a number of minority-owned Cancer Problem," given Nov. 4 in Israel. Institute at the University of Maryland. contractors doing business with the Dr. Philip Leder. who is chairman of the Recently she was named a member of NIH and other agencies." He adds that department of genetics at Harvard the advisory committee for the he and his wife, Sue, visited Paris in Medical School and an NIH disti n­ Fogarty International Center. She ApriJ 1997, and " I enjoy rending uboul guished alumnus, was the featured received the Charles Thom Awnrd the activities of both acti ve and retired speaker (see photo below). Fuchs from the Society of lncluslrial Micro­ NlH'ers in the Update." reports thuLthis occasion was the third biology on Aug. 4 in Reno, Nev. time NIH alumni gathered in Israel for Colwell will be nominated soon Dr. Peter L. Frommer, NHLBI deputy this lecture. which was established by by President Clinton to head the director. recently retired after a 36-ycar Anlinsen's former students with help National Science Foundation. federal career. For several months from NlHAA. She gratefully acknowl­ before his retirement last year, he edged tJ1at this and subsequent memo­ Dr. Karl Engleman, who was senior served as acting chief of staff for the rial lectures will be sponsored by the investigator and attending physician in Office of !he Surgeon General. He Weizmann Lnstitute of Science. The the Experimental TI1erapcuLics Branch expects to remain active at NHLBI as well-attended meeting was chaired by ofNHI ( 1961 -1971) writes in the deputy director emeritus, and he and his Prof. Michael Sela and included autumn 1997 issue of Har\(/rd Medical wife wilt stay in the Bethesda area. Mrs. Libby Anfinsen, as well as NIH Alwm1i 811//eti11, •·1 retired from the alumni, colleagues and friends. full-time faculty of the University of Dr. Sara Fuchs. a posrdoctoral fellow Pennsylvania School of Medicine after wi!h Dr. Christian Anfinsen, made Or. Bernadine Healy, NIH director 25 years of service in September I 995. opening remarks during the second (1991-1993), now dean of Ohio State Elaine and I moved to Hilton Head, Christian B. Anfinsen Memorial University College of Medicine and South Carolina, where we had vaca­ (Continued on next page) tioned for more than 20 yerLrs. I have received an appointment as professor of medicine at the Medical University of SouU1 Carolina in Charleston, where l hnve renewed interests with several old laboratory colleagues from the NfH days in the I960's. I also volunteer my time as a consultant to a bi-county rural health clinic near Beaufort. SC."

Dr. Richard B. Everson, who was an NCI clinical associate (1973-1975 and 1976-1979), is at Lhe Barbara Ann Kannanos Cancer Institute in Detroit where he writes thai he is "developing a research program in molecular epidemiology...

Carl A. Frelts, who spent many years at NIH (1965- 1970 und 1972-1993), retiring as director or the Division or Contract~ und Grants, writes: "I have Dr. Philip Leder delivers the second Ch ristian B. Anflnsen Memorial Lecture on Nov. 4, established a government contracting 1997, at the Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot, Israel. 7 N I H A A UPDATE

Public Health, and a medicaJ consult.am Gerald C. Macks "Jerry". who retired 1980), has retired as science advisor to LO CBS News, received t.he Women's recent.Iy from I.he CC as a management Lhe administrator of the United Srates Health Heroes award from American analyst (1971-1997). writes. "I am Agency for International Development Health for Women. She was honored working as an operations consultant in Washington. D.C. He is also in his for work in promoting woman-focused for Helix Healili. an integrated health sixt.h and final year as chairman of the research and smiting the Women's care system in Baltimore, which is board of trustees of the International Health Jnit.iative. responsible for productiviry measure­ Foundation for Science in Stockholm. ment in t.he fi ve hospitals of I.he system. He is also the president. of the Model A D.r. Horace Hcrbsman, who was a Being in the 'real' world is exciting and Ford Foundation. clinical associate in Lhe NCI Surgery quite a change!" Branch (1955-1957). writes,"[ am Dr. Daniel Nixon, associate director in cun-emly chairman of the department of Dr. John Anthony Radford "Tony" the Cancer Prevention Research surgery al SL John's Episcopal Hospital Mead. retired almost. 40 years to the Program at NCI (1987-1989). is at the in Far Rockaway, New York, and day after he First arrived at lhe Labora­ Hollings Cancer Center. Medical professor of' clinical surgery at the State tory of Chemical Phannacology in the University of South Carolina, where he University or New York, Health NRL Mead later moved to NCf. where is associate di rector for prevent.ion and Science Center in Brooklyn. I special­ he worked in drug developmem, cnncer control and professor in the department ize in surgical oncology, particularly treatment and grants. Now that he is of experimental oncology. He is also cancer of the breast, and have been retired, Mead will have time to con­ editor-in-chief of Cancer Prevention involved in several clinical research tinue his bobbies of bird watching. /111ema1io11al. the official publication of programs." nature photography and traveling. the Society of Nutrition Oncology Adjuvant Therapy. Nixon is president Dr. Charles A. Janeway. who was a Dr. Boward Minners. who spent of lhe society. as well. research associate in lhe NIAJD many years at NIH ( 1966-1980), Laboratory of Immunology ( 1970­ including a detail to WHO ( 1977­ 1975), is on the faculty at Yale Univer­ sity School of Medicine. He is presi­ dent of the American Association of Immunologists and will serve from July 1997 to June 1998. In his president's message in the AAI newsleuer, he stressed public educati on, the annual meeting of the AA[, expediting Lhe review process of the Journal of lmmu110/ogy and making the journal available online.

Dr. Charlene Drew Jarvis. who worked as a staff fellow (1971- 1976) and a research psychologist. ( 1976­ 1979) in the NIMH Laboratory of Neuropsychology. has served as D.C. council member (D-Ward 4) since 1979. She also was a 1991-92 member or Leadership Washington and is on many boards including the Enjoying themselves last August on the NIHAA-hosled Alaska cruise are (from I): Wllho Pennsylvania Avenue Development. Tommlla , Mary Calley Hartman, Harriet Greenwald and Peter Greenwald. See the flyer Corp., Uie United Negro College Fund on pp. 11-12 so that you, too, may participate In the next NIHAA continuing education and t.he Women's Health Initiative. cruise to Norway.

8 S P R I N G 1 9 9 8

Dr. J ack Roth, a senior investigator in alumni. He also mentions that he has James Steele professorship of public the Surgery Branch al NCI ( 1980­ recently completed 4 years as president health, which was announced at the 1986), is chainnan of 1he department of of the American Physicians Fellowship lifth annual James H. Steele lecture. thoracic and cardiovascular surgery at for Medicine in Israel. the Universiry of Texas M.D. Anderson Dr. John H. Weisburger. formerly a Cancer Center. Houston. He recently Dr. Charlotte Sil ve rman. who was in USPHS officer at NCI (1949-1972) in received the Hamilton-Fairley Lecture­ the NIMH Community Service Branch the carcinogen bioassay program, is ship award from the British Association (1962-1967), and later chief of now senior member, American Health for Cancer Research and lhe British epidemiology studies, writes that in Foundation, Valha lla, N.Y., and is Association for Surgical Oncology. 1997 she "established a fellowship a1 researching the prevention of cancer The award, which is the highest honor Johns Hopkins University to support and heart disease. He wrote a short these two groups can bestow, annually outstanding students and young faculty essay in the January 1998 issue of recognizes a clinician or scientist "who working in the area of epidemiology Fromline, the commissioned officers has contributed to the development of and policy.'· association newsletter. on ''The Role of novel cancer trea1men1s by bridging the USPHS in Disease Prevention." basic and clinical sciences." He was Dr. James B. Snow, .Jr., first director recognized for his research in gene of NIDCD. retired on Sept. 15. He Dr. Gary Williams, at NCI in the replacement therapies for lung cancer. guided the institute through its forma­ Etiology Division ( 1969-197 L), is tive years, establishing a national director of the Naylor Dana Insti1u1e. Dr. David B. Scott. who spent many infrastructure for research and American Health Foundation in years in NIDR (1944-1965), where he training in hearing. balance, smell, Valhall~ N.Y., which sent !be Update also served as director ( 1976-1981 ), taste, voice, speech and language. infonnation about the 6th International has moved to Virginia Beach, Va. He He plans to "enjoy life, science and Course on 1he Safety Assessment of was on tbe NIHAA board of directors. family to the fullest." Medicines, Specilic Toxicology. For more infonnation about this course, 10 Dr. Richard " Dick" Sherbert, Dr. Alan Solomon, clinical associate be held May 17-22, 1998, at the NINOS executive officer for the past 20 in the NCI Metabolism Branch with Donatello Hotel in San Francisco. years, recently retired aflcr 32 years of Dr. John L. Fahey (1960-1962), is at please contact Nancy Rivera at the government service-30 with NIH. the University of Tennessee Medical Ameri can Health Foundation, I Dana Friends, family, and past and present Center/Knoxville. Solomon was Rd., Va lhalla, N.Y. 10595-1 599. colleagues honored Sherbert al a recently notified that his American Telephone: 9 14-789-7144; fax: 914­ reception in the CC where they Cancer Society clinical research 592-6317; email: presented him with a memory book. professorship has been renewed for [email protected]. and a gift in tbe fonn of a monetary an additional 5 years. His research donation to the Lt. Joseph P. Kennedy focuses on the paihophysiologic Institute. an organizaiion that provides roles of monoclonal irnmuooglobulin support 10 people with disabiUties. His light chain proteins to improve Are you a life member? Ifnot, retirement plans include gardening and diagnosis, treatment. and prevention volunteering. of related diseases such as B-cell you will receive a dues notice lymphomas. Dr. Louis Sben vood. an NIH clinkal from NIHAA this spring. associate working with Dr. John Potts Dr. James H. Steele. who worked with Dues are an important source at NHI ( 1963-1966), is currently Dr. Charles Annstrong on brucellosis senior vice president for U.S. medical and infectious diseases (1945-1947), is ofour income and we need your and scientific affairs at Merck & Co. professor emeritus at the University of Sherwood writes that he has very much Texas School of Public Health. continued support. Please enjoyed his role as chief medical Recently be was honored by the renew promptly. officer for Merck U.S. because it puts Universiry of Texas School of Public him in regular contact with many NIH Health with the inauguration of t11e

9 N I H A A UPDATE

NIHAA President Wants to Know What's Your News? How Now for the Mission of NIHAA? The NIHAA wants to hear from its members. Nll-IAA members regard NIH as the The board of directors (officers and Please type or print your note (include pho­ tographs, if you have them) and mall it to crown jewel of federal agencies. executive committee) invire members The NIHAA Update at 9101 Old Georgetown Happily, the Adminisrralion and to submit suggestions regarding om Rd ., Bethesda, Md. 20814-1616. Congress seem to agree, as evidenced pu1·pose and its implementation. To by rhe budget increases. refresh your memory. our bylaws stare Still , the legislation calls for an IOM that t11e purpose of NIHAA "is to study of how NlH determines its provide a variety of professional. research priorities. Will rhe IOM agree educational, informational and other Name with areas of emphasis identified by activities including activities that will: Home Phone Dr. Vannus? How can institute • enable alumni to maintain Lies directors saLisfy 1he many constituent with NlH; groups that have testi fied on behalf of • provide aJumnj an opportunity to Home Address NIH funding? ls il likely that TOM stay in contact wirh former recommendations will change how colleagues and with cuJTent Congress now promotes pet projects scientific events: such as the special autborization of lhe • permit rhe opportl.lnity for discussion Mo Udal l Parkinson's Disease Re­ ot issues relating to health policy, search Act and the increased funding research, disease control, biotechnol­ for the Office of Alternative Medicine ogy, and other current scientific to $20 milli.011? developments; News: (Include NIH affiliation) The FY 98 appropriations bill is • help NIH recroit promising uni.que because this was the first time postdoctorctl and research scientists; since 1983 that the Labor/HHS b.ill has • explai.n to lay and professionaJ groups been signed by a President as a stand­ specific scientific issues and poUcy alone bill, one that calls for the biggest' matters related LO medical and increase in dollar-terms in history. At biomedical research: the signing ceremony President Clinton • encourage interaction between NIH said that the bi lJ had "astonishing and the private sector; bipartisan commitment." • publish a newsletter; and With the economy doing well, • arrange functions and speakers for lawmakers from botb parties are educational purposes." predicting fwtber increases in the years To date, lhe first two activi.ties and to come. Rep. John Porter (R-IIJ.), the last two bave been caa"ied out Suggestions for NIHAA: chai1man of the House Appropriations well, the latter by recognizing distin­ Subcommittee on Labor, HealU1 and guished leaders wilh awards for Human Services and Ed ucation is outstanding service and by sponsoring alre~1dy promoting the idea of doubling the annual Shannon Lecture. What NIH 's budget in the next 5 years. are your thoughts about the 0U1er The NIH has done a fi ne job promot­ activities? Whal more do you want ing itself. A need no longer seems lo your association to do? Send your exist for NlHAA 10 concern itself with comments and suggestions to the funding, other lhan to applaud. What NIHAA office at 910 1 Old Lhen should it do to protect, defend and Georgerown Rd., Bethesda. MD 208 I4 interpret the research and educationaJ or call the staff at 30 1-530-0567. missi.on of NlH?

10 "Living Well is the Best Revenge" HEALTHFUL LIVING WORKSHOP, with Dr. C. Everett Koop and INVESTMENT SEMINAR CRUISE

Norwegian Fjords & North Cape on the new Rotterdam VI June 23-July S, 1998 - U Nights Prices from: $2,999 Inside $3,609 Outside Day Port Arrive Dep Featured Speakers: Tue Copenhagen, Denmark 2pm Mid. (Tivoli Gardens option) Wed Al Sea Thu Bergen, Norway 8am 5pm Fri Cruise Inside Passage Hellesyll, Norway 7am 8am Cruise Geirangerfjord Geiranger, Norway 9am 5pm Sat Trondheim, Norway 8am Spm Dr. C. Everett Koop Sun Cross Arctic Circle Fonner Surgeon General Cruise Svartisen Glacier of the United States Cruise Holandsfjord Mon Honningsvag. Norway 3pm 9pm Cruise North Cape 11:30pm Mid. Tue Tromso, Norway Noon Spm Wed Cross Arctic Circle Cruise Norwegian coast Thu Vik, Norway 7am 8am Cruise Aurlandsfjord Flam, Norway 11:30arn 6pm Dr. Roy Schwan Dr. Peter Greenwald Cruise Sognefjord Former Exec. Vice Pres., Director, Division of the Fri Stavanger, Norway 8arn 5pm American Medical Ass'n National Cancer Institute Cruise Lysefjord & Pulpit Rock Sat Al Sea celebrating July 4 Sun London(Dover), England 8am ArcHe Clref•

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60 days prior to departure, non-refundable program activities have been finalized. FOR INFORMATION & Cancellations after that time are subject to penalties. These vary with each program but represent approximately 10% of overall cost. Insurance offered by crui se lines docs RESERVATIONS CALL not cover such cancellat ion. Independent insurance is available that does cover these costs and is highly recommended. All cance llations wi ll incur a $50.00 CONTfNUlNG EDUCATION, INC. administrative fee per person. University at Seai'M All speakers have made commi tments to attend. If they are obliged to cancel, we make 1-800-926-3775 every effort co replace them with others of comparable credentials. Neither Continuing Email: [email protected] Education, Inc. nor any co-sponsor makes a guarantee to this effect, nor to any events that may affect this conference over which we have no contro l. Travel arrangements by JWB Travel Company, Inc. S P R N G 1 9 9 8

tions. and brainstonn about future Meeting (co11ti1111ed from p. I) In addition. Varmus said he will esLabUsh an interagency group on cooperative project<;. Nobel laureate problem was to try to argue thal NIH alternative medicine that would Dr. David Baltimore, president of should al least maintain pace with include NIH instilute representatives Caltech who was appointed to lead inflation. Despite dire prognostica­ and representa[ives from FDA, and NIH's AIDS vaccine research advisory tions. we've drawn 3 years the CDC. This group will recom­ commiuee, continues to play a large of increases." mend research projects and stimulate role in the agency's activities in this The healthy growtll in its coffers collaboration among agencies area, Varmus said. each year has enabled NIH to enhance and institutes in the conducl of Other topics covered in the director's the extramural research program, this research. overview to the ACD include the which accounts for more than 85 Noting several vacancies among recently launched Clinical Research percent of the agency's total spending. Lop NIH posts, Varmus said he is al Training Program, which attracted 80 NIH will count about 7,700 grant or near the imerview stage for the applicants (9 students were eventually holders in 1998. Yannus reported, directorships of NIDCD and NlNDS; enrolled) in its inaugural session and compared to 6.000 2 years ago. and that searches have recently begun expects even more this coming year; the Referring to recent suggestions by in the Office of AIDS Research for a possibility of establishing a graduate several congressional leaders that director. a chief infonnation officer. program for the Intramural Research NIH's annual appropriation should be and a director for the AIDS Vaccine Program, which will require planning doubled in the near future. the director Research Center; and for an NTH by a graduate intramural education noted, ··Now minds seem again to be associate director for international office; continuation of the "extremely shifting in an even more favorable research, who will also serve as useful" regular 5-year independent direction." but February fwhen the director of the Fogarty International assessments of ICD directors as well as next fiscal year's budget plan is first Center. [Dr. James Battey has been ongoing quality reviews of Lhe insti­ introduced to Congress! is never far selected as NIDCD director. He will tutes' intramural research programs; away. (Sec article on p. 14.) continue to head the Division of ongoing ethics-related issues. including Undoubtedly one of the hottest Intramural Research until a new NIM H's workshop on genetics testing health topics. both in the media and in scientific director is chosen.] and informed consent by patients with Congress, is investigation into the On the subject of AIDS vaccine mental impairment; and the reignited validity and proper uses of alternative research, Varmus said tllat in the 7 National Foundation for Biomedical medicine. Addressing the issue, months since conception of the Research, which, under new director Vormus mentioned th(lt although special vaccine effort. 58 awards had Dr. Anne Alexander, has been given NIH's Office of Alternative Medicine been given to scientists investigating $500,000 to support operations in fiscal received a generous budgetary increase the lield-haJf went to researchers 1998 and will be involved in for 1998. the increase came with no new to the AIDS vaccine arena. The rundraising to expand the Clinical additional gram-making authority for Vaccine Research Center--currently Research Training Program. ~om~ ~ s~ t~ om ~rem~~ operating as a ··research center Special report:. at tht! meeting were commiucd to using traditional scien­ without walls," Yarmus quipped- is given on several issues including tific methods to validate alternative to have a new campus building, reorganization of the Center for therapie~ . OAM has been most construction or which has been Scientific Review (see box on p. 22), effective. Yannus continued. in its funded in the current budget. The changes in the policy of supporting new collaborative arrangements with NTH special interest group established to investigators (discontinuation of the in~tilutes such as recently launched discuss AIDS vaccine research R29. or First Independent Research studie!- by NIMH of St. John's wort continues to meet every 2 weeks, Support and Transition, awards), the for depression and by NIAMS of Yarmus reported, and his current status of NIH clinical research. and acupuncture for osteoarthritis. "With priority is selecting a YRC director. summary recommendations resulting Lhe substantial increase in funding for In addition, a group or representa· from the outside review of NIH 's the office this year." he remarked, "I tives of large phammceutical compa­ administrative structure and costs. The hope to sec a large number of other nies has met at NIH 10 discuss the ACD meets twice a year and is sched­ such studies." center's ultimate goals and aspira­ uled to convene again in early June.

13 N I H A A UPDAT E

Budgets (co111i1111ed from p. I) comp!ex issue that mu t atisfy many National Institutes of BeaJth consutuents: pennits NIH to extend. Genome Project. This is a remarkable. FY 1998 Appropriation for at least a year. transhare vouchers remarkable bill with an astonishing (dollars in thousands) for public transponation to trainees; bipartisan commitment to keep our and not only continues the prohibition country on the front ranks of medical against human embryo research, but NCl $2,547,314 research. It will help to make new, also broadens its definition. NHLBT 1.531,061 very powerful AIDS therapies more "OveraJI, conference action on NIH NCDR 209,415 avai lable to needy putiems." appropriations has shown rema rkuble NIDDK 873,860 The NIH i nl ram urn l programs overall respect for the scientific pri orities NINOS 780,713 gOt ~Ill increase of more than 5 percent. identified by Dr. Varmus and U1c NIAID 1,351,655 "This is well above inllmion, and institute and center directors," ob­ NLGMS 1.065,947 reflects sustained conlidence by the served ftteilag. NICH O 674,766 Congress in our on-campus research He noted that no NIH amounts were NEI 355.691 programs.'' said Tony lneilag. NIH subject to line-item veto action by the NIEHS 330.108 deputy director for management. "All President: the deadline for uch ac ti on NlA 5 19.279 in titut C.'> and centers received m least NlAMS 274.760 ~assed Nov. 19. leaving the package 6.5 percent more funding, and NHGRI mtacL "Some NJH items were under NIDCD 200,695 received u 14.9 percent increase in consideration for veto. but energetic NIMH 750.241 recognition of its high-priority defense by Secretary Shalala. Deputy NIDA 527.175 endeavors." He said there is a I Secretary (Kevin) Thunn and Or. NI AAA 227.175 percent increase in research manage­ NINR 63.597 ~annus succeeded in preserving all ment and support. "which means that Hems funded by the Congress." NHGRI 217.704 we will have to continue to administer Itteilag also credited such key NCRR 453.883 our growing program ponfolio more Congressional supponers as Rep. John FIC 28,289 efficiently." Porter (R-Ill.), Rep. David Obey (D­ NLM 161.185 OD received an overall 3.6 percenL Wisc.) and Sens. Arlen Specter (R-Pa.) OD 296,373 increase, which includes 7 percent and Tom Harkin (D-la.). B&F 206.957 boosts for research on minority healch, ''lt is clear that Congress and the CRC RepJacement (90,000) reseorch on women's health, and the Administration have very high HJV/ACDS Vaccine minority health initiative. Funding for confidence in NIH to spend this money Facility (16,957) lhe Office or Alternative Medicine has on a wide variety of potential research Infrastructure (100.000) been increased to $20 million. advances that will improve the health TOTAL 13,647,843 Some $443 million is provided for of the American people. and people areas or emphasis designated by NlH around the world,'' said lneilag. "Dr. direc~or Dr. Harold Varmus. including Vamms bas indicated that we are on the biology of brain disorders. new President's 1999 Badget the brink of stunning new insights into approaches to pathogenesis. new the mechanisms of diseases and an President Clinton on Feb. 2 unveiled preventive stmtegies against disease, ~creased ability to treat devastating a dramatic increase in the NIH budget therapeutics and drug development, Lllnesses and disabilities. These for fiscal year 1999-more than SI the genetics of medicine, and develop­ appropriations will be u ed to advance billion over the record-sectine FY mental and advanced insLrUmcnuufon. these insights as rapidly as possible. 1998 budget estimate of $13~648 "These arc NIH priorities that the The Congress has also shown that it billion, or an increase of 8.4 percent. Congress has also recognized ac; being believes we will spend this money So promi ing are the opponunities to wonhy of special anention." said well to give the taxpayers full value build on the medical advances of the ltteilag. for the resources it provides to us. It is past that such an investment was The budget legislation also calls for up to NIH scientists and administrators deemed appropriate, according to an an IOM study of how NI H determines to live up to these expectations." accompanying rationale. its research priorities, which is a

14 S P R I N G 1 9 9 8

"The baby boom generation is OLher examples of FY 1999 initia­ and Small Business Technology grey ing and without more effective tives include projects targeting: a Transfer awards will increase by strategies against chronic diseases such variety of djsorders of the nervous nearly 8.3 percent over FY 1998. as osteoporosis, Parkinson's and system such as Alzheimer's disease. The FY 1999 request for NIH once Alzheimer's diseases, and heart Parkinson's disease, mental illness, again asks that Congress appropriate disease. the potential medical needs of drug addiction, mulliple sclerosis, and all AIDS research funds to tbe Office this generation will place enormous traumalic injury to the brain and spinal of AIDS Re earch. Support economic and social burdens on their cord; cardiovascular diseases: asthma; for AIDS research will increase by children and our nation.'" read the infectious diseases; and an AIDS $124 million, or 7.7 percent over budget's opening summary. "Tbe size vaccine (NIH is developing an the FY J998 estimate. of minority groups in our sociery is inlramuraJ Vaccine Research Cenler to To attract high quality new growi ng," it continued. "'By working stimulate multidisciplinary research, researchers and prov.ide effective to eliminate the disproponionate from basic and clinical immunology research suppon, in FY 1999 NlH burden of ill health and disability and virology to vaccine design and will continue the transition begun among minorities and the socioeco­ production for early Stage trials). The in FY 1998 co replace the First nomically disadvantaged, we can budget request also bolsters research Independent Research Support and improve the quality of life for many training, infrastructure, shared instru­ Transition Award (R29) as tl1e and also benefit the nation economi­ mentation, new technologies (for primary mechanism of support for cally. To meet all of these challenges large-scale DNA sequencing, and new researchers with the traditional with improvements in patient care medical imaging), advanced comput­ (ROI) research grant. New rraditiona.1 depends on discoveries; the proposed ing and communications, and a research grants average approximately expansion in the NTH budget wilJ reinvigoration of clinical research. $200,000 annually and can compete accelerate scientific discovery and, Nlffs highest priority is the funding for renewal, in conu·ast to FIRST thereby, lead to a new age in the of basic biomedical rescm'Cl1 through awards. which limit funding to practice of medicine.'" research project granrs (RPGs). In FY $75,000 a110ual direct costs for 5 Chosen as areas of research emphasis I 999, NIH will support 8,267 new and years. Suppon for individual in the budget are: genetic medicine, competing RPGs at a total of $2,281 noncompeting RPGs will increase the biology of brain diseases, new million. Support for RPGs. including by 3 percent on average over approaches co pathogenesis, advanced Small Business Innovation Research FY 1998 levels. instrumentation, new strategies for prevention and new avenues for development of therapeutics. The President's budget request includes a major expansion of NIH's cancer research ponfolio. Nearly 90 percent of the cancer initiative will be supported through the work of tbe National Cancer lnstitute, but the initiative will also involve new and enhanced activities in at least 12 Other institutes and centers. In FY 1999. NIH estimates Lhnl it will spend $2,776 million through NCI (nearly 90 percent) and $429 miJJion through the rest of the institutes and centers. for a total of $3,205 million for cancer research. Diabetes research First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton (I) is joined by NIH director Dr. Harold Varmus and funding will increase substantially Tipper Gore at President Clinton's State of the Union Address on Tuesday, Jan. 27, 1998. to $388 million. (Photo courtesy the White House)

15 N I H A A UPDATE

Science Research Updates Saliva: Your Spitting Image to," he said. ''Drawing blood is very Bladder Control For Women invasive and it is not a practical When you lick chat envelope, you procedure for children or individuals Talk may be cheap. But when ii may be sending a more derailed who can't give blood for religious or comes to treating urinary incontinence. message than you realize. Your saliva medical reasons. ft is also a terrifying women and their health care providers leaves a DNA fingerprint lhat not prospect for most ad ult's." Saliva has share precious few words. An esti ­ onl y snys who you are, but also other obvious advantages over blood mated 11 million American women whclhcr you have a genetic predisposi­ as a clinical tool, he noted. lL is easy experience loss of bladder control, yet tion for cenain diseases. This wealLh to collect, store, and ship and can be only half seek treatment. And those of information contained in saliva obtaiJled at low cost in sufficient who do often wait years before asking makes it a promising alternative to quantities for analysis. their doctors about it. blood as a source of DNA for genetic This study is not the first to use NIDDK recently launched !he testing, according to a report in the saliva as a source of DNA. Forensic "Let's Talk Abom Bladder Control October 1997 issue of che Jou ma/ of scientists can retrieve enough saliva for Women" campaign. The print­ /J111m1110/ogica/ Methods. from a postage stamp to identify the based campaign seeks to help women In a study supported by the National person who licked the stamp. Saliva . and their health care providers talk Institute of Dental Research, scientists has also been used to test for fragile X about and treat urinary incontinence. were able to use DNA from saliva to syndrome, a rare gcneLic disorder chat Dr. Leroy Nyberg, director of identify individuals who may be at causes mental retardation in chiJdren NlDDK's urology and women's increased risk of certain infectious and wbo carry the gene. health programs. explained che need autoimmune diseases. The study The investigators caution chat for an awareness campaign on this focused on two genes chat play a role although saliva has the potential to topic: "Urinary iJlcontinence can in removing bacteria from the body. reveal variations in any gene whose have a hugely negative impact on Ors. Rob van Schie and Mark Wilson sequence is known, it is not yet proven che social and economic weU-being at the State U11iversity of New York at to have universal application. The of people who try to cope without Buffalo were able to detect person-ro­ DNA in saliva comes from many seeking treatment." person differences of as little as a sources, including blood, tissue cells, "Incontinence is never normal at single nucleotide, or st:ructuraJ unit, in and nonhuman DNA from bacteria and any age," said Dr. Neil Resnick, the genes. This seemingly minor food particles. Each human gene will chi.cf of gerontology at Brigham difference in gene structure is known have to be vaJidated for accurate and Women's Hospital in Boston. lo affect che proper functioning of the identification-and che number of A recent study estimates that 1995 immune system. Diseases potentially disease-related genes chat have been costs for incontinence care totaled liJlked to chese genes include child­ identified is rapidly growing. Recent more than $27 billion in people 65 hood respiratory infections, lupus. and evidence has shown chat adults may and older, including nearly $10 billion juvenile periodontal disease (LJP), a aJso have a genetic marker for peri­ for disposable absorbent products and particularly aggressive form o.f gum odontal disease and cherefore may be indirect costs for lost productivity of disease that strikes young adults. candidates for saliva screening. Other family caregivers. The ability to detect disease-associ­ notable possibil ities would be the NIDDK 's "Let's Talk Abou1 Bladder ated genes in saliva has very important genes for Alzheimer's disease. cystic Control for Women" campaign breaks implications. according to Yan Schie, fibrosis or breast cancer. As tbe up the topic into six easy-to-read who plans to screen large populations structure of more genes becomes brochures and one booklet. The of children for susceptibility to LJP. known, it may be possible to test for booklet, Bladder Control for Women, "Being able to substirute saliva for many genetic disorders from a single is the cornerstone of the campaign. as blood opens the door to populations sample of saliva. it includes sections on finding the right we would not normally have access health professional, identifying the

16 S P R I N G 1 9 9 8

problem lhrough tests, and treating the For more infonnation visit the NIA's middle-class popuJation of Rochester, root cause. Alzheimer's Disease Education and Minn. The Framingham Study To order call 800-891-5388. They Referral Center's website at Imp:// produced the data used to anive at the are also available online on NIDDK·s www.alzheimers.org/adear. estimate of 500.000 strokes in the home page at http:// United Stares each year. www.njddk.nih.gov/UIBCW/ These investigators focused their index.him. research on an area of the country in Stroke Incidence Higher which the population is representative New Alzheimer's Gene Than Previously Estimated of the United States populatio.n in terms ofage, economic status, and A new study by researchers at the proportion of African Americans. University of Pittsburgh researchers University of Cincinnati Medical They included strokes in individuals supported by NlA and NCI report in Center suggests that the number of who have experienced more than one !he March 1998 issue of Nature strokes in the United States may be stroke. Both the Rochester and the Genetics the discovery of a new dramatically higher than previously Framingham Study counted only the genetic association with AJzheimer's estimated. According to the study, number of first-rime strokes, a tradi­ disease. The gene has several different approximately 700,000 strokes occur tional method of epidemiological fonns and codes for the enzyme in the United States every year. This study. Yet, people who suffer strokes bleomycin hydroJase (BH). It is one new estimate is 200,000 strokes frequently experience more than one, of the few genes discovered so far that higher than the previous esti mate of and their recurrent strokes are often has a form associated with develop­ 500,000 strokes a year. more disabling and deadly than their ment of Alzheimer's disease in people A team o.f investigators recalculated first. older than 65. One form of another the commonly cited figures on how A stroke occurs when blood flow to gene with multiple forms, ApoE, is many people suffer a stroke by the brain is cut off. ln order to lend associated with an increased risk of including recurrent strokes in their urgency to the public education Alzheimer's after the age of 65. The estimate and by adjus(jng the total message that stroke is a treatable BH gene appears to act independently numbers to reflect an older, more conditions, some organizations have of the ApoE gene, which was found to diverse U.S. population. The prelimi­ been calling stroke a "brain attack." be associated with Alzheimer's disease nary resu.lts of their study, funded by Stroke remains lbe third leading in 1993 . NINOS, were published in the Febru­ cause of death in this country after According to NIA scientist Dr. ary 1998 issue of Stroke: A Journal of heart disease and cancer, and the Stephen Snyder, "the discovery of an the American Heart Association. leading cause of adult disability. association between gene forms and The investigators used recent data. Alzheimer's gives us an additional laking into account an increasing and This material was compiled from NIH clue about the mechanisms that diverse population that is living press releases. underlie Alzheimer's disease. longer. They show that it is more Because the enzyme encoded by essential than ever to develop safe and the BH gene may play a role in the effective treatments for stroke, a FYI deposition of amyloicl, a substance devastating disorder and the third NIHAA members are invited to the commonly found in the brains of leading cause of death in the United second annual Fort Derrick-FCRDC Alzheimer's patients, it may also States." Spring Research Festival on May 28­ lead us toward other new avenues of This is the first study of stroke in a 29, 1998. investigation." Snyder cautions that racially diverse, large metropolitan Events of interest to both scien(jsts this finding needs to be confirmed in community since the advent of modern and the general public are planned other populations before the associa­ brain imaging. For the past 45 years from ll a.m. to 5 p.m. each. day. tion wilh Alzheimer's can be generally the primary data on the incidence of For information contact Dr. Howard confirmed. stroke have come from the small, Young at [email protected].

17 N I H A A U P D A T E

Building, Building, Building

An artist's rendering of the new Mark 0. Hatfield CRC features a sweep of new wings. The initial phase of construction included demolition of Bldg. 20, several cottages and approximately 200 trees. Those on hand with shovels for the Nov. 4 groundbreaking ceremony included Vice President Al Gore, HHS Secretary Donna Shalala, Sen. Mark Hatfield, Dr. Harold Varmus, Dr. John Gallin, Rep. John Porter and Sen. Arlen Specter.

Debris rains from the top of Bldg. 20 after a solid whack from the headache ball as one building disappears forever from NIH. This architect's model of the Consolidated Labo1<1tory Facility (also known as Bldg. 50) shows the front of the 5-story structure, with its building number logo at upper left.

18

N I H A A UPDATE

Not So Ancient After All Trees Recycled for Navy, Parks Restoration Projects

By Rich McMam1s

While President's Day (Feb. 16) was roles: a 35-foot segment of No. 154 as an historical exhibit; its rings cou ld a holiday for most federaJ emp.loyees, it weighing more than 14 tons was be indexed to highlights in both marked the end of the road for two claimed by the U.S. Navy for use in medical and NIH history (see sidebar). large, old white oak trees on the fonner restoration of two historic battle­ Tl was last fall's controversy over Wilson estate, which were cut down to ships- the U.S.S. Constitution and the removing the trees that brought the make way for construction associated U.S.S. Constellation. A 20-foot piece availability of fresh, stout oak to the wilh tbe new Clinical Research Center. of the second tree, about 92 years old, attention of the Friends of Pierce Mill. ln an irony of lhe calendar, one of lhe went to the Friends ofPierce Mill, an "They heard the publicity, and had trees dated back some 192 years to historic old structure in Rock Creek been searching for a source for a post-Revolutionary times, when Park in need ofa new waterwheel new wateiwheel shaft," explained Thomas Jefferson was in the midst of shaft. Crews from the National Park Hedetniemi. "So we donated his White House tenure. Bolh timbers Service, which has jurisdiction over that, too." are slated for reuse in historical Pierce Mill, conducted removal of the There was another diseased oak in exhibits. lesser oak. the vicinity of the CRC site, though It had been thought by some commu­ ''NIB is really pleased to have found not wiU1in it, that had to be cut down, nity members that the older of the two a way to ensure that these oak trees sbe added. Pieces of that tree were trees, an 80-foot oak dubbed No. 154 wi ll retain a place in history through also given to Pierce Mill for use in in a census of trees taken on the CRC their use for restoration ofprojects millhouse cogs and wheels. site, may have been 300 years old important to lhe community and Only the sawdust and small limbs (though an arborist retained by NIH country," said Jan Hedetniemi, director from the three mighty oaks met the estimated a range of 175-300 years). ofNIR's Office ofCommunity Liaison. same fate as more minor flora on the An effort was mounted to spare the "Tue Navy was tree, but a variety ofoptions to do so thrilled to have the were considered too costly and disn1p­ tree," she reported, tive by NIH. The National Capital "because it has Planning Commission reviewed the such a close grain. debate and concluded last December It will be used to that NIH could go ahead and remove replace worn the oaks. [n an effort to respect decking on the nature's endowment of old trees, ships." however, NIH amended the design of A 12-inch cross­ Center Drive to retain one old oak that seotion of No. 154 had been scheduled to fall, save was sliced out for another dozen trees by realigning a preservation as a construction fence and preserve a possible heirloom third of the trees affected by CRC for tbe future CRC. construction by replanting them A highly respected elsewhere on campus. millwright, Derek Large cranes arrived on campus Ogden of Madison, Saturday, Feb. 14 to delicately cart Va., bas been away the two oaks' massive trunks, retained to care for whose bulk bad to be preserved intact tbe relic, which A lumberjack exposes the massive diameter of oak No. 154, a in order for them to fulfill their new might one day serve segment of which will be preserved for a CRC historical exhibit.

20 S P R N G 1 g 9 8

How To Handle a Wheel of Wood

Four or five years from now, if all goes well, a slice of white oak No. 154 site, but tbjs, too, was not inglorious­ measuring roughly I foot high by 5 feet wide will lie within a plexiglas the chips will be reused eventually exhibit somewhere inside the new Mark 0. Hatfield Clinkal Research as mulch. Center, the preliminary excavations for which reslllted in 154's demise. The reconfigured Center Drive Envisioned is an index of key moments in the history of medical research, pennitted groundskeepers here to associated with some 0f the 192 annular rings that testify co the tree's age. replant 78 trees, a task Hedetniemi (L's probably a cjnch that ring number L92. counting outward from the core. characterized as arduous. She said will say something like. "Ground broken for NIH's new CRC.'' NIH has been in touch with the RemovaJ of the cross-section was not undertaken recklessly. Rather, it Audubon Society about establishing a was more like organ transplantation, with great care taken not to impose wildlife habitat somewhere on campus. undue stress on the oaken coin. NIH has retained a highly regarded mill­ "Tbere is some hope that we can do it wright, Derek Ogden of Madison, Va., to advise on the project. For more in conjunction wi.th the Navy, across than 40 years he has worked with large oaks, and is an expert in the field of the street," she said. "The same historic wind and water mill restoration. A connoisseur of logs, he cau­ experts who advised the National tioned NlH that he "does not usually get involved with preserving a cross Institute of Standards and Technology section of a green slab," but outlined a plan n011etheless, taking care not to and the Patuxent River Naval Air guarantee complete success. Station about their habitats is helping Just as time is of the essence when transplanting a heart or lung, Ogden us decide." says it's crucial to get the oak slab waxed and bound in chains. "Every hour Hedetniemi sai.d that no one showed delay wi II allow the piece to stress relieve," or tend to come apart, he warned. up on Feb. 16 to protest the trees' ·'What we do with large oaks is to coat the end grain immediately with a removal, though authorities here water so.Jubie wax such as Mobil CER," he explained in a letter to NIH anticipated that there could be some groundskeeping chief Lynn Mueller. "The reason...is to slow the air drying opposition. Ct turns out that not many process on the ends. which is at a much greater rate than the surface of the people could tell tree No. 154 from any wood. I am not sure what might happen with a slab about 12 inches thick number of its distinguished neighbors. and 60 inches in diameter. It wouJd, I am sure, be difficuJt to keep in one "It was tucked behind a tree we ca ll the piece unless carefully dried under some sort of controlled conditions for Elephant oak (so named because of its quite a tong time." Ogden guessed this might take 3-4 years. "]f you tried peculiar shape, with a bough extending to rush the process, it will quickly split with several shakes and probably nearly over Center Drive), which i.s set break into several p.ieces." to remain standing." He suggesred taking the cut from as low down on the tl·unk as possible Hedetniemi says those who opposed "~d immediately hold (il) together around the diameter with two chain the felling of old No. 154 "did a great binders, (send) to my workshop where I will coat both ends with Mobil service in bringing awareness not to CER, and lhen see what it does for the next 12 months in the shade. We indiscriminately remove ground cover would reaJly have to watch it during the summer, particularly if it were hot. and big trees." I would also have to treat the piece to prevent woodworm problems." Ogden says tJ1e slab could be returned to NIH in a year, but would have to be kept out of direct sunlight and remain bound for 2-3 years. He doesn't get involved in the fine sanding that would be required before final display. Whjle the slab won't be ready until after the rnillenium. the preparation time is but a tiny fraction of the tree's actual life. What's 3-4 years when you've been around for 192?

21 N I H A A UPDATE

NIH Notes-August 1997 to January 1998

Appointments and patient care costs of clinical trials and is Dr. Barbara K. Rimer, formerly also returning to the NLMH Division of professor und director of Lhe cancer Personnel Changes Intramural Research Program ... Dr. Jean prevention, detection and control research Paddock recently became director of 1he program at Duke University. has been Deborah Barnes. former editor of the Division of Clinical and Populalion-bascd named dircc1or of a newly created NCI Joumal of NIH Research (which was Studies at CSR a.f1cr nearly a decade of Division of Cancer Control and Population rcccnLly discon1inued), has been named administrative and re\'iew experience. first Science. She had been chair of the new editor of "Snupsho1s of Science und m NCJ and then 11 1 NIM H, where she was National Cancer Advisory Board for 3 Medicine," a component of the Office of chief of the Clinical Review Branch ... Dr. years and stepped down as both chair and Science Education's Web site ... Dr. Willirun Paul. OAR director since board member Oct. I... Dr. David Jnmes Battey, J r. , who had been acting February 1994. resigned to return full-1ime Robinson. direc1or of the Vascular director of NlDCD following lhe Sept 15 10 the Laboratory of Immunology at Research Program m NHLBJ. was recently relirement of Dr. James B. Snow. Jr. (see. NlAJD. which he continued to head while appointed dis1inguished visiting professor NIHAA members on p. 9) has been named al OAR. He will redirect his scientifi c for 1998 by the department of surgery at direc1or ... D1: Gwendolyn C. Davis efforts to searching for a safe and effec1ive Baylor College of Medicine. A rese1\rch recently joined NIA as its EEO officer. HIV vaccine and for new approaches to symposium wits held in his honor lasl She was health career administrator for Lhe vaccine development in general ... Maj. summer in Houston ... Christine Wisdom Uniformed Service.~ University of the Danny Eugene Rnins was hired recently has been named new executive officer at Health Sciences ... Dr. Zach W. Hall. by lhe NCH Police Branch as the new CSR. From 1990 l<> 1997. she was deputy NINOS director since Sept I. 1994. deputy chief of police. He has worked in executive officer at NfGMS. Previously. resigned in December 10 become associate various law enforcement posts for lhe past she held grants mnnagemem and udminis­ dean for research m tl11.: Sc.;hool of 22 years. His new re~ponsibilities include trative posilions nt several institutes and Medicine, University of California. San expansion of lhe current Community nursing posi ti ons in lhe CC·and other Francisco. He presided over reorganiza­ Policing Program at NIH and serving as government organizations . . . Dr. Robert tions of bolh inu·amural and exrramural bead of the police community relntions Wittcs, director of NCI's Division of programs at NlNDS. Dr. Audrey Penn, council. whose members include employ­ Cancer Treatment, Diagnosis. and Cen1ers NJNDS deputy direc1or, has been named ees from all segments of NIH ... has been named depucy director for acting director until a successor is chosen exrramural science, a new NCJ position. for Hall. who was the first inslitule He will be responsible for oversight. director recruited by Dr. Va.nnus from lhe integration, coordination and communica­ extramural community ... Dr. Lee Helman DRG is now the tion across NCI's extramural programs. has been selec1ed chief of the Pediatric Center for Scientific Review which account for more than 80 percent of Oncology Branch in NCl's Division of (CSR) I.he NCI budget. . . . Dr. Am1ettc B. Clinical Sciences. He has been acting Wysocki is Lhc new scientific direc1or of chief since the departure of Dr. Philip A. Effective Oct. I, 1997. the NINR. She w:L~ director of nursing Pizzo ... Michele T. Lagana has been research at New York University Medical named chief financial officer for Lhe CC. Division of Research Granls Center. where she was on lhe faculty of the A new position at the CC. Lhe CFO will (DRG) was renamed the Cemer department of dermatology. For lhe past l1elp develop a cost-accounting system. for Sci en ti fie Review (CSR). The 13 years she has inves1igated the patho· which will allow closer monitoring of the name change highlights the fact physiology of chroni c wounds to improve hospital's budget. Since 1988, Lagana had that the CSR is the focal poi nt ut cli.nical management and t.he care of been assistant vice president and comroller chronic and acute surgical wounds. of Providence Hospi1aJ in Washington, NIH for the conduct of peer re­ D.C.... Dr. Alexn T. McCray has been view and, thus. the name more Honors and Awards named director of the Lister Hill National accurately reflects the mission of Center for Biomedical Communications. the organization. The establish­ Dr. John E. Bennett. chief of 1he clinical NLM ... Dr. Richurd K. Nakamura has ment of CSR is designed 10 signal mycology section in 1he Laboraiory of been appointed acting deputy director at Clinical lnvestiga1ion and director of the NlMH. He will continue to serve as a broaden ing of the mission to in­ cJ ude a new emphasis on the de­ infectious disease clinicitl trnining associate director for science policy and program al NIA ID. has been elec1ed director of the Oflice of Science Policy velopment and implementation of president of the 5.000-member lnfcc1ious and Program Planning al NIMH. Dr. Rex innovative and flexible ways to Diseases Society ... Dr. Edward A. Cowdry, who had served as acliog deputy conduct referral and review for all Berger, chief of the molecular strucrnrc director at NlMH since February 1996. has a-;pects of science. section, Labomtory of Viral Diseases. been asked by Dr. Vunnus 10 work on NlAJD, is a recipient of Lhe 1997 Aword issues related 10 coveruge of routine for Biomcdicnl Science sponsored by

22 S P R N G 1 9 9 8

Novartis (fom1erly Ciba Pharmaceuticals) and Drew University. The award was pre.semed in conjunction with the Novartis NIB Grantees Awarded No bel Prizes Drew 21st annual symposium, "Molecular Immunology: Basic Research aud 1\vo long-time NlH grantees won Nobel Prizes last October. Dr. Sta nley Therapeutic Targets." Berger and Iris Prusiner of the UniveFSity of California, San vrancisco. reeeived the 1997 Nobel laboratory stall recently identi.Fied the in physiology or medicine for his discovery of an unusual class of infectious elusive ceUular coreceptors that J-UV uses panicles called prions. Dr. Paul Boyer of the University of California, Los as its ente(s target cells. These discoveries Angeles. is one of three recipients of the 1997 Nobel in chemistry. provide a major understanding of IDV A grantee of NTNDS since 1975. Prusi.ner is a professor of neurology. virology infection and tropism, and give new and biochemistry at UCSF. He led the work that uncovered Lbe nature of prions. perspcct·ivcs on broader problems of I-UV transmission, pathogenesis and therapy ... a term he coined from "proteinaceous infectious particles'' because. unlike vi­ Dr. T. 'Timothy Chen, mathematical ruses, bacteria, l'ungi and parasites, they contain no DNA or RNA. Instead, they statistician in the Biometrics Research are a type of protein nonuaUy found within cells in human and other organisms. Branch of NCI. was recently named a In some cases, however, the ~'t ru c ture of prions can cbange into a disease-causing fellow of the American Statistical fQrm. These abnormal proteins appear to convert other. normal prions to the Association. This designation signifies abnormal shape. Many scientists no\v believe th.is conversion process leads 10 outstanding professional contributions and several dementing diseases in humans, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseas-e. Simi­ leadership in the field of statistical lar unimal diseases include bovine spongiform encephalopathy ("mad cow" dis­ science. He is also president-elect of the ease) and scrapie, found in sheep. Prusiner also received funding from NlA. lntemalional Chinese Srntistical Associa­ NCRR and NLGMS. Boyer, a UCLA biochemistry professor emeritus, has re­ tion ... Dr. George P. Chrousos, director of NlCHD's Pediatric Endocrinology ceived grant support From NIH since 1948. TI1e vast majority of the $4.4 million Program. was recently honored with two he received came from NfGMS. with additional funding from NfDDK. He and awards: the 1997 U.S. Endocrine Society Dr. Jehn E. Walker of Cambridge. England. shared half of the Nobel in t hemis­ Clinical Investi gator Award for major try for their elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of achievemenLS in clinical investigation, and adenosine Lripbospbate (ATP). The other half of the chemistry prize went LO Dr. the 1997 Hans Selyc Foundati.on Award Jens C. Skou of Aarhus University in Denmark for "1he first discovery of an ion­ for out$tanuing contributions to stress transporting enzy me. sodium potassium-stimulated adenosine triphosb.atase." resea rch ... Katherine E. Crosson, chief Skou received grant support from NINOS in the early 1960-s. of the NCI Patient Education Branch. recently received the Distinguished Professional Career Award from the American Public Health Association. She the scope and im portance of her books and contributions that "have brought greater is considered one of the leading pract·i­ articles ... Dr. Peter Greenwald, acting public awareness of cancer control and Lioners of cancer patient educa1 ion in the director of NCI 's Division of Cancer prevention and have saved thousands of Un ited States.... Dr. William C. Prevention. reccntl.y received three awards. lives.'' ... Or. Mark Hoon, an NIDR Eckelman. chief of the CC's positron In October. che American Institute for researcher, recently won the Rockville emission tomography departmcm, received Cancer Research presented him with a IOK in a time of 33:37. He also won the the Georg Charles de Hevesy Nuclear Research Achievement Award in Washing­ River Rumble Half-Marathon in Mont­ Medicine Pi oneer Award from the Society ton. D.C. The award "honors the long­ gomery County in August. the Crystal City of Nuclear Medicine. The award recog­ term achievements of someone who has Red Cross !OK in June. the Bethesda nizes outstanding contributions to the field shown leadership and provided significant Chase 20K in Maren 1997 and was the of nuclear medicin e ... Dr. Anthony S. accomplishments in promoting diet and first D.C.-area finisher in last Aprirs Fauci, NlAID director, was recently cancer research, and in furthering Boston Maratl10n. placing 4lst overall. He presented an honorary doctorate from understanding of the role of diet in the was a spectator at last fall's recent Marine Northwestern University. He also received prevention and treatment of cancer. The Corps Mamthon. but is training now for tbe 1997 San Marino Prize ''in recognition Cancer Treatment and Research Founda­ the next Boston Marathon ... Dr. Jolmnye of exceptional science at the dawn of the tion, Arlington Heights, Ill.. prei;entcd him May Jones, dean of science at Hampton new mil lennium" ... D1~ Elizabeth Fee. with a publi c service award during its 45th Universi ty and a 1995 graduate of NIH 's chief of the Hi story of Medic in e Division lnterrrnLiOnaJ Symposium on Nutrition and Extram ural Associates Program, recently at NLM, has received the Anhur Viseltear Cancer on Oct. 3 1 in New Orleans. In received the 1997 Presidential Award for Prize for the History of Public Health in November 1997, Greenwald was also Excellence in Science. Mathematics and America. She was cited for her outstand­ honored by the American Cancer Society Engineering Mentoring ... Dr. Louis H. ing contribution to the field. particularly with its Distinguished Service Award for Miller, chief of the Laboratory of Parasitic

23 N I H A A U P D A T E

Diseases, NlAID, has ~n elected a fellow or the American Academy of Microbiology for his accomplishments in AAAS Elects Fellows from NIH malaria research. He has found molecular targets that could aid in the development of both new drugs and vaccines to prevent Five NIH'ers were among 270 persons recently elecLed fellows of the the disease ... Dr. Bernard Moss, chief of American AssociaLion for Lhe Advancemenl of Science (AAAS}. the Laboratory of Viral Diseases at NlAID, They are: Dr. Wendy Bald"'in. NIH deputy director for extramural recenlly received the J. Allyn Taylor research; Dr. Susa n Gottesman, clrief of the biochemical genetics Int.emational Prize in Medici.ne from the section ofNCI's Laboratory ofMolecular Biology: Dr. Richard John P. Robarts Research Institute in London. Ontario, Canada. He was cited Hodes. NIA director; Dr. Stephen Koslow. director of NIMH's Division for his outstanding concributions Lo the of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Research: and Dr. Sharon Wahl. understanding of virus-host interactions. chief of NIDR's Oral lnfection and lmmuniLy Branch. Founded in He was also cited for a number of studies J848. AAAS represents che world's Largest federation of scientists and on viral gene expression, including one has more lhan 144,000 members. The tradition ofAAAS fellows that determined the mechanism of formation of the mRNA cap structure ... distinction began in l 874. Fellows are elected because of lheir effons Dr. Rao Rapaka. chief of Basic Neurobi­ coward advancing science or fostering applications Lhat are deemed ology and Biological Systems Branch at scientifically or socially distingu.ished. The new fellows will be NIDA, is the 1997 recipient of the J. presented with a certificate and pin during the 1998 AAAS meeting in Michael Morrison Award for his ou1stand­ ing conrributions in scientific administra­ Philadelphia. tion related to research on drugs of abuse .... Dr. John Ruffin, NTH associate director for research on minority health, recently received the 1997 Samuel L. Retirements Kountt Award. named for a pioneering African American transplant surgeon. Joanne Belk, head of the Freedom of retired after 3J years of government Ruffin was recognized for working with Information Office at NIH for the past 11 service, the first 20 of which she spent at NIDDK and the National Minority Organ years, retired Jan. 3 after 24 years of DRG. She plan.s to continue working, but and Tissue Transplant Education Program federal service. She came to NIH because in something different that is closer to her to successfully promote Kountz's vision to of her combined experience in biomedical home and with fewer responsibilities ... increase the number of minority organ/ maners and legal work. Her retirement Dr. Peter L. Frommer recenlly retired tissue donors ... Dr. David Schlessinger, plans include travel to Europe. renovating after a distinguished 36-year federal career chief of NlA's new Laboratory of her Washington. D.C., home, volunteering (see news about NfHAA members oo p. 7) Genetics, presented the I llh annual at the Washington Opera and the Lantern ... Michael I. Goldrich. deputy director Florence Mahoney Lectu.re on Aging. "X (a bookstore) and visiting her son in Tokyo and chief operating officer of the CC, Chromosome Mapping anCI Developmental ... Doris Brody, public affairs specialist recently retired after 26 years of service at Genomics" ... Patricia L. Scullion, chief with the NIGMS public affairs office. has NTH. He transferred to the CC from of the training strategies and development retired after more than 20 years of federal NlAlD, where Ile had been director for secLion in NCJ's Human Resources service, 19 of which were pent at NCH ... managemenL and operations since I984. ManagemenL and Consulting Erancb. Anne Marie DeLuca, a biologist in the ln 1971. he bad joined NIH as a financial received Lhe 1997 Linda Trunzo Humani­ Radiation Biology Branch of NCI. retired management trainee and worked as a tarian Award from the International at the end of 1997 after 17 years of grants analyst, financial management Personnel Management Association for her government service and more than 40 analyst and senior administrative officer at humanitarian volunteer work outside the years in animal research. She is widely NCI before going to NIAID. He will workplace ... Thomas G. Turley, chief of known on campus for her exceptional love continue bis professional career at the the Grants Operations Branch at NHLBL for research animals and her untiring Institute of Human Vrrology, University of was honored by NIH's grants management efforts to design and conduct safe and Maryland at Baltimore ... .Margaret advisory committee with its new award of humane experimental animal research Hawker, NIDDK secretary in the excellence ... Danielle Warfield or protocols. She moved to Tucson in intramural division for more than 30 year.>, NIGMS's public information office January and plans to devote some of her has retired. She remarked at her retire­ recently won the fire prevention slogan spare time to working with animals at the ment luncheon that she was surrounded by contest with her entry, ffFire Prevcnti on­ Reid Park Z-00 ... Patricia Disque. chief of all the colleagues that she has "grown up It's Hot." Her slogan will appear on 1998 the grants records management and with NIH." Now her attention will tum NTH Fire Prevention Week posters and council preparation uoil in the Division of from NIDDK scientists to her flower campaign materials. Extramural Activities at NlGMS, has garden and her grandsons ... Dr. Jean

24 S P R N G 1 9 9 8

Herdt, recently retired after 39 years of in hand ... Carolyn McHale. chief of the service in the CC diagnostic radiology Scientific Information and Data Systems Deaths department. Having spent so much time at Branch. NIAMS, recently retired after a the CC. he is also known as the historian long NIH career. Her retirement plans Dr. Luigi Amaducci. 65, a professor and not only for the radiology department, but include volunteering at the National Zoo. neurologist known for his research in for the entire CC. From playing noon-time traveling and working as a consultant in Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclero­ baseball on the field where ihe hospilal the computer field ... Dr. John Anthony sis, died of cancer Jan. 11 at his home in now stands to being in anendance when Ra.dford ''Tony" Mead recently retired Florence, Italy. FolJowing Harvard Harry S. Truman placed the cornerstone on after a 40-year career at NIH (see NIHAA Medical School, and a visiting professor­ the CC, Herdt has seen it all. During hjs members p. 8) ... Maureen Mylander, ship ar Stanford University, he did retirement, he plans to continue with his NCRR's public information officer, bas research at NrH in degenerative diseases favorite pastimes, which include hikillg, retired after more than a 20-year career in of the nervous system. He taught recently canoeing, biking, and working with t'he public information work that spanned t'hree at the University of Florence ... Dr. board of directors of the Residential lCDs and the OD Office of Communica­ William P. Argy, 63, a physician and Institute for Children and Adolescents and tions. She launched several publicarioas, kidney specialist who was a professor at lhe Affiliated Community Counselors, a including NIH Healthline (now 171e NIH Georgetown University medical school. mental health group ... Jane Hue, Word 011 Healtli), the NIH Almanac, and died of a hean attack Dec. 2 at scientific review administrator for the NTA's Age Page. In retirement. Mylander Georgetown University Hospital. In t'he visual sciences. neurology A. sensory plans to divide her time between writing, 1960's he was a postdoctoral fellow at disorders and language, and sensory traveling and her many athletic interests. NIR. He was also a consultant for NIH. science study sections, CSR. has retired which jnclude weightlifting, biking, At the ti me of his deatll, he was director of after 19 years. She will be very busy with running. swimming, hiking and medical student education, clerkship ber family, her work as a consultant and dragonboating ... Dr. J ohn M. Rinzel, director for the depanment of medicine her creative writing ... Morris Johnson chief of NIDDK's Mathematical Research and worked in the hospital's nephrology recently retired from the Division or Branch, retired SepL I artcr 26 years at division ... Howard Matthew Biggs, 86. Safety after 42 years of government NTH. He has accepted ajoint appointment who was chief of faci.lities constru.ction at service. On Feb. 19. 1957. he beean ihe at New York University as a professor in NIH (1959-1969), and involved with the first of his 40 years at NIH, worklng both the Center for Neural Science and the construction of Bldgs. 31, 36 and 37, died primarily in the field of occupational Courant Institute of Mathematical Science of kidney failure Oct. 27 at Sibley safety and health. After retirement. ... William Risso has retired after an Memorial Hospital ... Vrrginia Schroeder Johnson will continue to reside in accomplished 30-year career in DCRT, Burnham. former consultant and member Washington. D.C. . but will return to his where be designed NIH's earliest com­ of advisory councils at NlH, who was a parents' farm in Santee, S.C., fishing pole puter nerwork. Recently, he was DCRT's writer and consultant living in Greenwich. acting director. An individual with many Conn., recently died ... Dr. MichaeJ E. interests, he is not sure what retirement Burt, 49, a thoracic surgeon who was will bring, perhaps job offers in the private president of the medical staff at Memorial Three New Members Elected to sector. new culinary ventures. or enjoying Sloan-Kenering Cancer Center and the IOM his outdoor hobbies of skiing and fly holder of the Alfred P. Sloan chair in fishing. Stay tuned ... Eliza J. Sanders, a surgery. was killed in a motorcycle Former NINOS director Dr. Zach histopathology technician in the cytopa­ accident on OcL 4 in Southampton, N.Y. W. Hall, Louis Sokoloff, chief thology section, Laboratory of Pathology, Earlier in his career. during the l 970's at Dr. NCI, has retired after 35 years of federal NCI. Bun's research focused on ways to of NJMH's Laboratory of Cerebral service. She plans to spend her retirement use nutrition to starve a tumor and still Metabolism, and Dr. RobertWurtz. enjoying her fami.ly and home. In maintain the patient's health. His later chief of NEI's Laboratory of Sen­ addition, she wiU golf, garden, travel and work focused on stopping metastasis in sorimotor Research, were recently continue her church participation ... lung cancer ... Nelson "Chip" Cbipchin, Richard L. ''Dick" Sherbert, NINOS a CC volunteer ( 1977-1997), died early in elected to the Institute ofMedicine, executive officer, recently retired (see the summer. He was a Russian language a component of the National Acad­ NlHAA members p. 8) ... Dr. Phil interpreter for patients and also escorted emy ofSciences. New members are Skolnick, chief of NIDDK"s Laboratory of chem to various clinics. He began chosen for major contributions to Neuroscience. retired Aug. I. An expert volunteering at the CC after his retirement health, medicine or related fields on ligand-gated ion channels, the principal from ihe State Department, and gave over such as social and behavioral means of signal Lransduction in the central 10,000 hours of volunteer service ... nervous system, he has accepted a Margaret DanieJ, 89, chief of group sciences, law, administration. fellowship in neuroscience at Eli Lilly and services for the Social Work Training and economics. Co. in Indianapolis ... Dr. James B. Snow, Branch before her retirement in 1973. died Jr., the first director of NTDCD. recently of pneumonia Sept. 2 at Arlington retired (see NIHAA member p. 8). Hospital. She bad joined NIMR in 1964

25 N I H A A UPDATE

where she administered grants ror in the blood and marrow of animals sent the three-dimensional stnicture of the university social work training ... Marion on early space flights ... Dr. Vi rginia enzyme ribonuclease is governed by the C. Davis, 70, who worked at NIH in Lhe J ohn Evans. 84, a retired research information in the sequence of its amino l 980's as u computer programmer. died biochemist who worked at NCI for more acids. a finding that is now a fundamental Sept. 17 nt the UniversiLy of Maryland than 40 years. died Sept. 19 ut Suburban tenet of molecular biology. Leaving NlH Medical Center in Baltimore of complica· Hospital after a heart a1tack. She began in 1964. he became chief of cardiology at tions related to diabeies ... Dr. Giovanni her career at NCI in 1943, studying the Massachusetts General Hospital and Di Chiro, 70, chief of the NlNDS transformation of normul cells into tumor president of the Bristol-Myers Squibb Neuroimnging Branch. died of cancer on cells in tissue culture. She worked wilh Pharmaceutical Research lnstituie in 1988. Aug. 26 Ill his home in Beihesda. His NIH Drs. Wilton C. Earle nnd Katharine At hi s death , he was the Elkan R. BJout career spanned nearly 40 years. An Sanford. contributing a class ic paper on professor ol' biological sciences and a internationnlly recognized leader in tissue culture. She became head of the clinical professor of medicine at Harvard. radiological research, he pioneered the use tissue culture secti on in 1964 and retired At the Harvard School of Pub.lie Health. he of advanced neuroimaging methods to as chief in 1974 ... Dr. J osephine Semmes founded and di rected Lhe Center for study diseases of the cemral nervous Evarts. 81, a former experimental Cardiovascular Disease as an interdiscipli· system. He helped build NrH.'s first PET psychologist who retired in 1979 as a nary base for researchers working in scanner and, under his direction. both PET grants administrator with NIMH. died Jan. biology and epidemiology ... Ophelia E. and MRJ became cstabUshed techniques at 12 after a stroke at a hospital in Pon Harding, 68. who retired in 1995 after 40 NIH. In addi tion to his extensive research Jefferson. N.Y. She began her NIH career years of NIH service thaL included clinical duties. Di Chiro also served as professor of with NIMH in 1959, where her research and administrative work. died from a rndiology at Georgetown University focused on neuropsychology. especially severe systemic infection on Sept. 12 at School of Medicine, and clinical professor 1he functions of ihe brain that den t with the Suburbun HospiLaL She began as a CC of diagnostic neurosurgery at George sense of touch. She worked in grants surgical nurse in 1955, becoming resident Washington Medical School ... Donald administraLion from 1970 until her manager in 1972 of the aparLmont house Patrick Dolan. 59, a seni or lab technician retirement ... Claire Kurtz Eve, 86, a (B ldg. 20). otJ1er campus quarters and the in critical care research who had worked retired engineer, died of congesti ve heart Poolesville facility .. . MarJorie Harper for NIH for more than 30 years, died Nov. failure Jan. 16 at the Washington Hospital Heiberger. 76. an administrative otl'icer 24 of a heart ailment at his home in Center. She began her government career who retired from NfH in 1979, died of Edgewater, Md.... Charlotte V. Dove. 80. in 1947. worked for the Harry Diamond congestive hcan failure Nov. 18 m her who had worked as a cancer research Research Laboratory and retired from N1H home in Fenwick Island. Del. She worked technician in the Laboratory of Pathology in 1975 ... In a double tragedy, two former for 12 years at NIH ... Richard H. at NCJ for 37 years, died Sept. 5 in her NlH'ers Joan 13. Fuller and her husband, Henschel, a retired executive officer at Gaithersburg home ... Dr. Roger O. Martin J. Fuller. Jr., died within 4 days NJH (1947-1969), died on Aug. 5. He Egeberg. 93, a member of the NIHAA of one another. Joan Fuller, 73, a retired came to NTH from other federal pos itions Uptime board of comribuli.ng editors, died administrative assistant ut NIH. died Jan. lo work as an executive officer in NCI of pneumonia Sept. 12 at his home in 13 of a bean ailment ut Holy Cross ( 1947-195 1); an assistant executi ve ol'f:icer Washington, D.C. During World War II, Hospital. She collapsed en route to the in NlH ( 195 1- 1952); an execuLive oi'licer he was the personal physician of Gen. funeral of her husband, Martin J. Fuller. Jr. in CC (1952- 1955}, and chief of the NIH Douglas MacArthur and became the 79. a retired NIH financial managemenr Division of Business Operations ( 1955­ nation's chief medical officer under officer, who had died on Jan. 9 of n blood 1960). In 1961, he returned to OD as President Nixon. Jn his later years, disorder at Sibley Hospital. The Fullers assistant executive and in 1961. Henschel Egebcrg was a senior scholar in residence had been married for 52 years. She became executive officer at NHl. a post he at the !OM. An authority on gerontology. worked until 1984 in the Surgery Branch held until he retired from the federal he often wrote articles on the health of the of NHLBJ. She then became executive govemment in 1969 to become the new elderly. In 1993, he wrote The General: secretary of the Andrew G. Morrow genernl manager of the R&W. One of the MacAnh11r and th e Man He Called Doc', Society. an organization of cardiac many things that Henschel did was to and he contributed an article aboui hi s surgeons who had worked at NHLB I. Her name the streets at NIH ... Dr. Walter experiences with MacArthur to the spring husband worked fiJst for the PHS and then Enoch Heston, 88, an internationall y 1992 issue of The NIHAA UpdClle ... Or. joined NIATD lo work in budget and recogni zed NCI scientist who did pioneer­ John Taylor Ell.is, 77, a pmhologist and finance. After retirement in 1975. he ing work in the genetics of cancer. died of educator. died of lymphoma on Jan. I 0 at became secretary of the Maryland Free viral pneumonia Jan. JO at Manatee Rhode Island Hospital in Providence. He State Senior Golf Association ... Dr. Memorial I lospitnl in Bradenton. Fla. He was pathologist-in-chief at New York Edgar Haber. 65. an immunologist and began working Ill NC I in 1940 and retired Hospital-Cornell Medical Center and ex.pen in protein chemistry. died of in 1975 ns chief of the Laboratory of chairman of the pathology dcpanmenl at multiple rnycloma on Oct. 13 at Massa­ Biology. During his NCI career, Heston Cornell University Medical College chusetts General Hospital. From 1958 to wrote more than I00 papers and was ( 1968- 1994). In the mid· I950's. he 1961, he worked wi th Dr. Christian B. contributing author of more than a dozen worked with NIH and NASA on changes Anfinsen at NIH. Haber estnbli shed that book~ on basic cancer research. He also

26 S P R N G 1 9 9 8

edited the Joumal of Cancer Research FDA facility at NIH, died Oct. 17 ac Natcher (D-Ky.) and supported an annual from 1953 to 1955. During World War Il, Suburban Hospital of myasthenia gravis, a appropriations bill that reached more than he worked on the M(Lnbattan Project and degenerative weakening of the muscles. $30 billion. After he retired he worked as did pioneering work on a study of nuclear He had written a statistical and mathemat­ a consultant co the Center for Civic radiation on genes. Following his ics book, Tequelap, and several papers on Education. promoting the te

27 N I H A A U P D A T E

Dr. Franz Rosa. 72. an epidemiologist career began in 1936 at the Industrial chancellor from I97 l to 1980. he is who had worked for the FDA in its Hygienic Laboratory when NIH was credited with transforming the university epidemiology and biostatistics office since located at 25th and E in D.C.. died Nov. 4 into a prominent research center, espe­ 1979, died of prosrate cancer Oct. 3 al his at the Fairhaven retirement facility in cially in the areas of science. engineering home in Rockville. He also worked at Sykesville, Md. He had Parkinson's and medicine. He began his research NTCHD on assignment in the commis­ disease. Specht retired in 1971 as a career in l937 as a PHS scientist in sioned corps of the USPHS ... Dr. Baldor special assistant to the PLC director, after o Bethesda. where he beaded a team that E. Rosvold. 81, i1 retired NlMH neurosci­ career that began in 1936 and spanned developed a typhus vacci.ne used by entist, died Sepi. 26 at his Sil ver Spring many NIH activities. During and after millions of Allied so lders during World home. He hnd Parkinson's disease. World War U, and in preparation for the War II. He was especially interested in Rosvold was a pioneer in the field of space flight program, he did pioneering viral and rickellsial diseases. He was cognitive neuroscience, especially the research in the physiology of breathing al assistant chief of the NIH Division of diagnosis and treatment of persons with high altitudes and underwater. He also lnfecLious Diseases from 1946 to 1948. attention deficit disorder. In 1954, he headed bureaus of the NIH Office of When he rose to NIH associate director, he founded an NJMH unit 10 study an imal International Research in Tokyo and Paris also served as assistant surgeon general. behavior. which grew into the Laboratory until his retirement from FlC in 1971 ... Afcer leaving NIH in 1952, Topping served of Neuropsychology where he served as Ira Bennoni Tice, Jr., 64, an electrical as vice president for medical affairs at the chief until his retirement in 1982 ... Dr. engineer at NIH who retired in 1988. died University of Pennsylvania until joining Norman Salzman. 71 , a renowned of congestive hean failure Jan. 25 at Shady his alma mater in 1958. At USC, he was a virologist and laboratory director who Grove Adventist Hospital. Prior to joining skilled fundraiser. A seven-story addition worked for the government. academia and NIH, Tice worked for 20 years at the Johns to the USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer private industry, and was a founder and Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory ... Center- the Dr. Norman Topping Jr. editor of the Journal of Virology. died of Dr. Norman Topping, 89, who was Tower-pays tribute to his dedication to pancreatic cancer Dec. 11 at his Potomac associate director of NrH from 1948 to the furtherance of cancer research ... Nora home. He spent 33 years with NlH. where 1952. died of pneumonia after a long Lee Stang Ward. 93, who retired as a he was chief of the Laboratory of Biology illness on Nov. 18 at his Los Angeles statistical clerk m NCH in 1968. died Aug. of Virm;cs at NlAlD, before retiring in home. He helped develop a typhus 12 at a nursing home in Anderson. S.C., 1986. He was among the first scientists to vaccine that is still in use today, and also after suffering a stroke. She worked for study the replication of DNA and the helped craft an antisenim treatment against the Veterans Administration before joining mechanism whereby viruses cause cancer. Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Al the NLH in 1955. In 1970, she moved from From NIH. he went to Georgetown time of his death, Topping was chancellor Gaithersburg to South Carol.ina ... Betty University where he spent 6 years as head emeritus of the University of Southern Wilson, 72, a medical Lranscriptionist a1 of the molecular retrovirology laboratory California, where he bad obtained both his NIH in the mid-l960"s and 1970's, died of in the microbiology department. There. he bachelor's and medical degrees. As a heart attack Aug. 24 while vacationing pioneered new approaches to the study of presidenr of USC from 1958 to 1970. and on the Maryland shore. HIV/A IDS. From 1994 he worked for Science Applications International Corp. us chief of the molecular retrovirology laboratory at NCI 's Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center. He was an authority on the biochemistry and genetics of viruses. Recently he had worked on srudies involviog HJV/AJDS, identifying virus subtypes and mechanisms of drug resistance ... Ruth Bortnick Kopit Sbeeskin, 70. a retired government budget analyst, died of cancer Nov. 7 at her Rockville home. She began working at NIDA in 1972, and later went to work at the Navy Sealift Command from which she retired ... Mary Shook, who worked for DRG. died Dec. 25 after a long illness. She started her career ar NLH as a clerk typist and then entered the committee management field. In 1985, she was appointed committee management officer of DRG and held this position until her retirement on Oct. 24, 1997 ... Dr. Heinz Gon e, but not forgotten: All that remains Is a hill of rubbl e for power shovels to cart Specht, 90, a physiologist whose NrH away from th e site of Bldg. 20, the old Apartment House on campus.

28 SPRING 1998

NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH ALUMNI ASSOCIATION

In accordance with the bylaws ofthe NIHAA, alumni members ofthe association are to elect one-third of the board of the association. The nominating committee, appointed by President William S. Jordan, Jr., has nominated the alumni members listed below, each ofwhom bas agreed to serve on the board of directors if elected, to occupy positions on the board left open by expiring terms ofoffice ofpresent members. Each alumnus( a) member may vote for three (3) of these nominees. Please note that associ­ ate members (current NIH employees) are not eligible to vote in this election. NOMINEES FOR BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Please vote for up to three (3) and return your ballot to the NIHAA office by May 15.

Nominees Former NIH Affiliation D Dr. Peter Condliffe* NIDDK scientist, chief of FIC Scholar-in-Residence Program D Mr. Carl Fretts Director, Division of Contracts and Grants, OD D Dr. William Goldwater* Director, Extramural Programs Management Office 0 Mr. Joseph Keyes, Jr.* Legislative Analyst, Office of Program Planning and Evaluation, OD D Dr. Walter Magruder Executive Officer, NIAID D Dr. Carolyn McHale Chief of the Scientific Information and Data Systems Branch, NIAMS D Ms. Ollie Monger CC, NCRR D Mr. George "Pat" Morse OD, Protection Management D Dr. Herbert Nickens NlMH, NIA scientist D Dr. Paul Parkman* DBS scientist, CBER, FDA D Dr. Joseph Perpich* Program Planning & Evaluation, NIH D Dr. Harley Sheffield* Scientist, NIAID, Parasitology and Tropical Disease Branch D Dr. John P. Utz* Chief, Infectious Disease Service, NIAID D Dr. Eugene Weinbach* Scientist, Laboratory of Parasitic Disease, NIAID

* CURRENT BOARD MEMBERS WHO ARE ELIGIBLE FOR A SECOND TERM.

29 S P R N G 1 g g 8

NIH Retrospectives handle the whole gamut of assignments for sciences, NIH. initiated the series in the PHS. a man must have some with a lecture on Freedom of Inquiry ... knowledge of sciemitic methods, NHLBI will celebrate its anniversary­ hospital routines. and medical ethics as the first of several events 10 be held well as the purpose and use of special­ dwfog 1978, marking 30 years of ized scientific equipment. There is no scientific and clinical progress against chance for stagnation, leveling off or cardiovascular diseases. feeling a sense of complete accomplish­ [See pp. 4-5 for NHLBJ's 50lh Spring 1958 ment in the field of public health anniversary activiti es.] photography. A photographer must Assets of NIH's Federal Credit Union strive 10 keep pace with the march of now total over $ 1 mrnfon, a 25 percent new i~nventions and discoveri es." TheNIH.. Record _.... increase over last year. accordiJ1g to ­ reports presented at the annual meeting ---· ­ January 15. [In 1998. the NlHFCU Spring 1988 reports $186 mi llion in assets with service to 44,000 members in 55 NCI's journals Cancer Treatment different employee-sponsored groups Reports and Journal ofthe National covering the health, science and Spring 1978 Cc111cer lnstit11te were consolidated into educational communities.] ... Two a biweekly Journt1/ ofthe National Nl H scientists were selected by A new series of biomedical ethics Cancer lnstitwe ... N[H director Dr. the National Foundation for Infantile seminars sponsored by the staff training James Wyngaarden assembled scien­ Paralysis for inclusion in the newly in extramural programs committee tists, administrators and science policy created Hall of Fame at Warm Spring, slatted Feb. 1 in the CC auditorium. experts in Reston. Va., to lay out an Ga.: Dr. Charles Armstrong, retired Dr. DeWitt Stecten, Jr., deputy director NJH plan for tbe Human Genome medical director of the PHS and fom1er Project. chief of the NIH Division of litfectious Diseases, and Dr. Joseph L. Mel.nick. chief of the DBS Laboratory of Viral Products.

Spring 1968

Stone House will be remodeled for use as the nucleus of the Fogarty Center at NIH ... ln January 1968, photogra­ pher Roy Perry retired after 25 years at NIH (see photo at right). In 1942, Perry began hjs NlH photographic career in a Bldg. 3 broom closet. He was given a one-room office afcer a year. When asked what it takes Lo be a good medical photographer, Perry said, Roy Perry is shown arranging laboratory equipment for a studio photograph, his last "To be a good photographer who can assignment before retirement.

31