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For the Discussion of New Trends in Education

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For the Discussion of New Trends in Education SUMMER 1963 VOLUME 5 NUMBER 3 PRICE: TWO SHILLINGS FORUM AND SIXPENCE Special Number on Teacher Training Must We Plan for Shortage ? J. L. Dixon The Work of University Departments of Education /. W. Tibbie FOR THE New Trends in Teacher Training : The Training Colleges DISCUSSION Cyril Bibby Teacher Training : The Student's View Tom Jupp, D. Caldwell OF NEW Teacher Training: The Young Teacher's View M. Armstrong. M. A. K. Beninglon Discussion TRENDS IN S. Hiller. F. Whiltaker Teachers for the New Large Schools EDUCATION John Brown Unstreamed Schools and Teacher Training T. Adams Teachers in their First Posts Richard Palmer Wastage of Women Teachers Lady Simon of Wyihenshawe A Play Centre in a Poor District R. B. Bastin Reviews : Sir Richard A eland, E. A. Allen, A. Joselin ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION: SEVEN SHILLINGS AND SIXPENCE (POST FREE) EDITORIAL BOARD EDWARD BLISHEN A new course F. C. A. CAMMAERTS Principal, City of Leicester Training for secondary modern College, Leicester and comprehensive S. FISHER Senior History Master, Woodberry Down schools School, London G. C. FREELAND Headmaster, Mowmacre Junior School, Leicester E. HARVEY Your Headmaster, Weston Lane County Junior School, Otley, Yorkshire B. F. HOBBY Senior French Master, Yardley Grammar School, Birmingham English H. RAYMOND KING Headmaster, Wandsworth School, London ERIC LINFIELD by Headmaster, Redlands County Junior School, Fareham, Hampshire DENYS THOMPSON NORMAN T. MORRIS and Headmaster, Beckford County Junior School, West Hampstead, London R. J. HARRIS PITER MAUGER Deputy Headmaster, Woodberry Down Headmaster, Nightingale County Secondary Comprehensive School, London School, Wanstead, London LADY SIMON OF WYTHENSHAWE The title of this course symbolises its aims : Manchester Education Committee modern young people are shown how good J.H.TURNER English is relevant to their needs and inter­ Director of Education, West Bromwich ests today. Words are studied in their natural J. WALTON context; there are frequent book recommen­ Headmaster, Beaminster School, Dorset dations; themes are suggested for 'continuous Editor: BRIAN SIMON composition'; basic grammar is simply and Education Department, University of Leicester lucidly explained; and accuracy is constantly Assistant Editor: GEOFFREY RICHARDSON encouraged. The first four books will provide Education Department, University of Leicester a complete course for pupils leaving school at 15; while a fifth book will cover the broad Reviews Editor : PHILIP TAYLOR needs of those taking the new C.S.E. exam. Education Department, University of Leicester Editorial Communications. MSS and contributions to discussion (800 words maximum), which will Book One: 6s 6d Now ready be welcomed, and books for review should be Book Two: 7s 6d Now ready addressed to the Editors, 71 Clarendon Park Book Three: 7s 6d August Road, Leicester. Books Four and Five in preparation Business Information. Price Two Shillings and Six­ pence per issue (2s. 9d. post free). Postal Heinemann subscription Seven Shillings and Sixpence yearly. Correspondence relating to subscriptions, etc., Educational Books Ltd should be addressed to the Manager, 81 Lutter­ worth Road, Leicester. Tel: Leicester 31219. 15-16 QUEEN STREET, MAYFAIR, LONDON, W.I FORUM is published three times a year, in September, January and May. P S W (Educational) Publications, 71 Clarendon Park Road, Leicester. Leicester 75176 74 Next Steps in the Training of Teachers Teacher training is in the news. The substantial teacher education, while the consumer's angle (to increase in the number of school children expected which too little attention is generally given) is over the next two decades has forced a crash pro­ represented in the contributions of past and gramme of training college expansion on the present students. The demands of new forms of government which, even if fully implemented, will school organisation, which represent a new ethos leave a grave teacher shortage by 1980. New, and a new approach, are presented by the head serious problems of teacher supply have arisen, in of a comprehensive school and of an unstreamed particular the substantial and growing wastage junior school: how far is teacher training adapt­ rates among women teachers and among un­ ing itself to these new developments in the school trained university graduates. The three year system? And finally, what of the teacher in his course has now got under way, and discussion first post? Here Richard Palmer, a divisional continues as to its direction and character. At the education officer in London, indicates how best same time the whole pattern of teacher training the young teacher can be helped to develop as a is, or should be, under review by the Robbins full-time practitioner. committee, which will be reporting in the This number is in no sense comprehensive. A Autumn. great deal more could be written on each of the Crash programmes are all very well—if they topics dealt with—and several important ques­ are necessary; but the present crisis of teacher tions are not touched on. Its aim is to stimulate supply should have been clear to the Government discussion on what is a key issue directly affecting many years ago. Such programmes, which are both the quantity and the quality of education. bound to lead to a short-term deterioration of There is no doubt that the importance of teacher conditions, are only acceptable so long as they training—its scope and character, its direction, are accompanied by firm guarantees that they aims and practices—is now being increasingly will last only for a limited period of time, and if recognised. sufficient capital and recurrent expenditure is made available to ensure a long-term improve­ ment of conditions. In particular the rapid expan­ sion of Training Colleges should not have the effect of separating them still further from the Universities; it should be planned as part of the Must We Plan for Shortage? whole movement towards integrating the Training J. L. DIXON Colleges with the Universities as institutions of comparable status and amenities. This could be John Dixon teaches English at Walworth facilitated by an expansion programme which School, a London Comprehensive. was concentrated on the larger Colleges sited close to University centres. Such a policy will, we hope, be in line with the forthcoming Robbins proposals. For teachers the most dramatic news of 1963 must be the decision to increase the training college pop­ There is a good case, then, for taking a long, ulation to 80,000 by the end of this decade. Let's cool look at the whole situation in teacher train­ recall the campaigns of the recent past: in Spring ing. This Special Number is designed to raise 1961, for example, FORUM was appealing for some of the issues involved in such an appraisal. 19,000 student teachers to be recruited annually The problem of teacher supply is discussed by from 1966. And now the Minister has promised an John Dixon who suggests the need for a radical entry of over 20,000 for that year, rising to over change in its pattern to meet the new conditions, 25,000 in 1970-71. Has the fight been won? Can we while Lady Simon tackles directly the key ques­ now foresee raising of the school leaving age, a tion of the wastage of women teachers. Of equal national system of nursery schools, classes below importance is the quality of the training given in the maximum . ? The answer is : No. Colleges and Universities. Cyril Bibby and Pro­ The Minister is planning for failure. His predic­ fessor Tibbie deal here with new developments in tions are as follows : by 1970 the present teacher 75 shortage will be reduced to 35,000. In 1975 we shall graduates? Fundamentally, it is the Minister. In still be 21,000 teachers short, classes still over­ this sense he has control, and the question arises : crowded, no reforms possible. are there more stable sources of supply and has the Minister really examined them ? No solution Male wastage At first sight, incredible ! So it must seem to any­ one who has not already considered the National At present the most stable parts of the profession Advisory Council's figures published as long ago as are men with teacher training, whether from college May 1962. Their moral was fairly clear : 'The gen­ or university. It is sufficient to compare their wast­ eral picture which this report reveals is one of a age rates with those of untrained male graduates or grave shortage of teachers now, in the years imme­ of women from training colleges : the latest figures, diately ahead, and in the long term,' said their chair­ those for 1960-61, show that for the age group 20-29 man, John Fulton. One Minister of Education later wastage of trained men graduates was running at (and after an A.T.C.D.E. deputation had asked to about 4 per cent per annum as compared with a rate of nearly 20 per cent for untrained men. In the same see the Prime Minister at Christmas) the govern­ age group the 1960 wastage for men from training ment has responded to the challenge. But in vain; colleges was about 4 per cent as compared with Sir Edward Boyle's crash programme, announced about 14 per cent for women. this February, can only promise continued shortage. The problem he cannot solve or surmount is the Qualified 'wastage' of young teachers. To put it quite simply, Men from non-graduate about 160,000 young women will be starting their university recruits teaching career in 1961-70. This is rather more than Trained Untrained Men Women the total of women teachers at present in the service. Entry aged 20-29 Mar.'60-Mar. '61 1,502 1,101 3,515 10,545 But of this staggering total of women entrants, roughly 80,000 will have left education by 1970 and Wastage: under 25 3-7% 23-7% 3-1% 10-5% a further 65,000 by 1980, thus leaving roughly 15,000 25-29 3-9% 17-8% 4-1% 17-6% of the original entry group still in the schools.
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