DOCSLIB.ORG

Evzones: the Historic Presidential Guard of Greece

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Evzones: the Historic Presidential Guard of Greece 30 FRIDAY 15 JANUARY 2010 NEWS IN ENGLISH Ï Êüóìïò Evzones: The historic Presidential Guard of Greece The Evzones (Presidential In 1926 a panhellenic Guard) have a history that competition was an- nounced for a design stretches over more than a centu- for a Tomb of the Un- ry. The Presidential Guard was known Soldier. It was to founded on 12 December 1868 be built in front of the as a combatant and at the same main entrance of the Parliament building, time ceremonial force. Gradually facing Syntagma (Con- its role became solely ceremonial, stitution) Square. as can be seen by its changing names: the Palace Guard, the On 9 October 1926 the Ministry for the Flag Guard, the Guard of the Military with ordinance Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, number 219188 award- the Royal Guard and finally, ed the prize to the ar- since 1974 and the restoration of chitect Emmanuel Lazaridis. However the decision to erect democracy in Greece, the the tomb in the afore-mentioned place Presidential Guard. was delayed as it met with many objec- tions and differing opinions. A new com- he barracks where the Presiden- mittee was formed in June of 1928 and tial Guard is based has been in the Cabinet accepted its proposals. In Tthe same place since the force April 1929 work began and the monu- was founded. It is situated close to the ment was completed on March of 1932. present Presidential Man- Its inauguration took place at the time of sion (formerly the Palace) the National Holiday of the same year. on Herod Atticus Street and is called after the The Evzone unit provides a 24-hour chieftain and hero of the honor guard, with an hourly guard 1821 Revolution against change, at the Presidential Mansion and the Ottoman rule, George at Tomb of the Unknown Solider. The Tzavellas. changing of the Guard at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in particular has Today the Presidential become a tourist attraction, with many Guard has the following people marvelling at the guards, who s- duties: The deployment tand motionless for two 20-minute inter- of a guard of honour on a vals, during their 1 hour shifts. Every round-the-clock basis at Sunday at 11:00 a ceremonial change of the Tomb of the Un- guards takes place. A parade of Evzones known Soldier, at the the cartridge belt and a M1 Garand se- mi-automatic battle rifle, with bayonet; and a military band starts from the camp Presidential Mansion and of the Evzones (just behind the Parlia- at the gate of the bar- the garters, black for the Evzones and ment Building) and through Vasilissis racks; the official raising and lowering of blue for the officers; the gaiters, the red Sophias Avenue reaches the Tomb of the the flag on the Sacred Rock of the The uniform of the Evzones has a long boots and the 1821 sabre of the officers; Unknown soldier where a ceremonial Acropolis; serving as guard of honour to history, which begins with the warriors and the inside garter, which holds the s- change of guards takes place. On this oc- the President of the Republic and to the (evzones) at the time of Homer and cul- tockings in position, the fringe (blue and leaders of foreign countries; and serving minates in the "foustanella" and "t- white coloured braids, the colours of the casion all the three official uniforms of as guard of honour to the ambassadors sarouhi" at the time of the Turkish Occu- Greek flag) and the "tsarouhia", the tra- the Evzones can be seen. of foreign countries while they present pation. From 1821 onwards the Evzone ditional shoes of the Evzones. The shoes their credentials to the President of the uniform was established as the official are completely hand-made from hard red Along the route from the Presidential Republic. Greek national costume. leather and each sole has 60 nails. Each Guard headquarters on Herod Atticus pair weighs about three kilos. The toe of street, down Vassilissis Sophias avenue Evzones also accompany the Sacred The making of the Evzone uniform is the shoe turns up in a point which is cov- to the Tomb of the Unknown Solider, Light on its journey from Jerusalem to not a simple procedure. It requires ered by a black pompom. one can see a white path on the pave- Athens every Easter. knowledge and experience on the part of ment slabs formed by the tsarouchia of the makers, as well as a great deal of Apart from the Evzone uniform, the the Evzones, which symbolises the path The Evzone uniform, as we know it to- time and expense. The uniforms are Presidential Guard also wears the Cretan to the national fights for independence. day, was worn by men-at-arms (arma- completely hand-made. There are two uniform with its characteristic breeches The Evzones never deviate from this toloi) and klephts during the Turkish oc- types of uniform: that of the officer and and knife worn in the belt. The Cretan u- path, no matter what obstacles they meet cupation of Greece (1453-1821), as may that of the private and each has a sum- niform is worn on certain official cere- on their way. be seen in paintings from this period. mer and a winter version. monial occasions. In this way the Presi- The Evzone, with the "foustanella" (a dential Guard represents not only those The Evzones also never leave their kind of kilt) and the "tsarouhi" (rustic The main parts of the Evzone uniform who live on the mainland but also the is- post, for any reason. shoes with pompoms), became a symbol are: the hat made of red baize with a silk landers. Thus the Evzone uniform repre- of the War of Independence. After the tassel; the shirt, white with very wide sents the warrior of the mainland, while A recent example of this was a bomb Revolution of 1821 the uniform of the sleeves; the waistcoat, hand embroidered the Cretan uniform represents the war- explosion targeting parliament. Despite Evzone was officially established as the with great skill. Various designs of great rior of the Greek islands. Recently the a warning call that a home-made bomb uniform of all chieftains and fighters of traditional and folklore importance are traditional uniform of Pontos has also was due to explode in a trash receptacle the Revolution. embroidered on the waistcoat in white or been added. only a few feet away from a Presidential gilt thread; the foustanella, made from Guard sentry post at the Tomb of the After the Second World War the 30 metres of white material, with 400 In 1925 Greece decided to build a Unknown Soldier, the Evzones refused Evzone Regiments were re-organised pleats, representing the 400 years of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, an idea to abandon their posts, and were later c- and formed into modern elite light in- Turkish occupation; the breeches, the which had first been proposed and im- ommended in person by President of the fantry units as part of the modernization long red trousers of the officers and the plemented by the French after the end of Republic Karolos Papoulias for their de- of the Hellenic Armed Forces. white woollen stockings of the Evzones; the First World War. votion and courage. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Drug Addicts in the Hellenic Armed Forces. a Ground-Breaking Study by Professor Demetrios Kouretas in 1930
    WWW.HSJ.GR – HEALTH SCIENCE JOURNAL ® VOLUME 3, ISSUE 4 (2009) Drug Addicts in the hellenic armed forces. A ground-breaking study by Professor Demetrios Kouretas in 1930. Lazaros Vladimiros 1, Aristidis Diamantis 1,2, Apostolos Beloukas 2, Emmanouil Magiorkinis 1,2. 1. Department of History of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Athens University 2. Office for the Study of History of Hellenic Naval Medicine, Naval Hospital of Athens, Greece Abstract The aim of this study was to elevate from obscurity the results of Demetrios Kouretas’ research on the drug addicts in the Hellenic Armed forces during the mid-war period. Demetrios Kouretas, gifted with exceptional discernment, undertook a pioneering study regarding the use of addictive substances in the Greek Armed forces. Kouretas did not stick to the epidemiological parameters of the use of narcotics, but also tried to look into the reasons that led to drug addiction and to give an outline of the mental outlook of the drug addicts. Demetrios Kouretas brought forward the problem of drug addiction, which was considered as taboo. His study, based on a strict scientific basis, is considered a byword for the psychiatric research in Greece. Keywords: History, Armed forces, drug addiction, Greece Corresponding author: Emmanouil Magiorkinis, B.Sc., M.D. L. Aianteiou 3- PB 1541 18900, Salamina Greece Tel: +30-210-7486382 Fax: +30-210-7486382 e-mail: [email protected] Introduction knew of the drug since the prehistoric and he history of drug use goes back many Minoan years 3. Opium was a basic centuries. Narcotics were known to component of an ancient greek remedy Tancient people and their civilizations called the “Thiriaki” (Θηριακή) which was not only for religious reasons but also for 1 considered as an exceptional therapeutic medical purposes .
    [Show full text]
  • Volume Xix, Issue 2
    Leadership 100 Chairman, Argyris Vassiliou, third from left, at Ribbon Cutting of Exhibit Hall of 44th Biennial Clergy-Laity Congress, with (L to R) Leadership 100 Founder, Chairman Emeritus and Honorary Chairman of Congress, Arthur C. Anton, Peter Bassett, Co-Chair, Metropolitan Apostolos of Derkoi, Metropolitan Maximos of Selyvria, Host Metropolitan Methodios of Boston, Archbishop Demetrios, and Michael Sophocles, Co-Chair. VOLUME 19 ISSUE 2 – Summer 2018 Editorial Content George Schira Associates, Inc. Metropolitan Nicholas and Metropolitan Savas Graphic Design Adrian Salescu [email protected] Present Christ the True Vine Icon www.NEOgraphix.us Photographer to New Members and Obelisks to Fulfilled Members Dimitrios Panagos [email protected] at 27th Annual Leadership 100 Conference www.panagos.com THE LEADER is published by: in February of 2018. The Archbishop Iakovos Leadership 100® Fund, Inc. Olympic Tower 645 Fifth Avenue Suite 403 CONTENTS New York, NY 10022 Tel: 212.308.2627 Fax: 646.497.1794 web: www.L100.org email: [email protected] © 2002 Leadership 100® 2 MESSAGE FROM OUR CHAIRMAN “Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office” EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Argyris Vassiliou Chairman Demetrios G. Logothetis 8 LEADERSHIP 100 GRANTS AT WORK Vice Chairman Kassandra L. Romas Secretary Metropolitan Nicholas Presents Icon Thomas G. Jordan to Nick and Panagiota Anagnostopoulos Treasurer John A. Catsimatidis George S. Tsandikos NEW AND FULFILLED MEMBERS Mike A. Manatos Theodore K. Zampetis 25 AND IN MEMORIAM Emanuel J. Cotronakis Legal Counsel Paulette Poulos Executive Director FOUNDERS Arthur C. Anton Andrew A. Athens† 27 NEWS OF OUR MEMBERS Thomas A. Athens† George K. Chimples† Peter M. Dion Michael Jaharis† George P.
    [Show full text]
  • The Greek Defense Industry-Market Opportunities and Entry Strategies Analyses and Forecasts to 2017
    The Greek Defense Industry-Market Opportunities and Entry Strategies Analyses and Forecasts to 2017 www.strategicdefenceintelligence.com [email protected] John Carpenter House, 7 Carmelite Street, LondonEC4Y 0BS, United Kingdom, Tel: +44 (0)20 7936 6830 The Greek Defense Industry-Market Opportunities and Entry Strategies Analyses and Forecasts to 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 What is this Report About? ..........................................................................................................10 1.2 Definitions .....................................................................................................................................10 1.3 Summary Methodology .................................................................................................................12 1.4 SDI Terrorism Index ......................................................................................................................13 1.5 About Strategic Defence Intelligence (www.strategicdefenceintelligence.com) ......................13 2 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 14 3 Market Attractiveness and Emerging Opportunities ........................................................ 16 3.1 Defense Market Size Historical and Forecast..............................................................................17
    [Show full text]
  • Greek Tragedy Rules II
    a GMT GAMEPLAYERS Series Game ? GREEK TRAGEDY ATATURK: The Greco-Turkish War, 1919-1922 UNARMED GOLIATH: The Italian Invasion of Greece, 1940-1941 Number of Players: Complexity: Moderate (4 out of 9) Learning Time: 30 minutes Playing Time: 3-8 hours Solitaire: High (7 of 9) a RICHARD H. BERG Game Design BNA Rules 1 ©Richard Berg, 1995 (1.0) INTRODUCTION A Greek Tragedy covers Greece’s two major wars after WWI: her attempt to seize the Ionian/western portion of Turkey, 1919-22 - the Ataturk game - and the woefully sorry invasion of Greece by Italy during WW II, Unarmed Goliath. In the Gameplayers series, the emphasis is on accessibility and playability, with as much historical flavor as we can muster. Given a choice between playability and historicity, we have tended to “err” on the side of the former. Each campaign has some of its own, specific rules; these are given in that campaign’s Scenario Book. Unless stated otherwise, the rules in this book apply top both campaigns. (2.0) COMPONENTS The game includes the following items: 2 22”x34” game maps ? sheet of combat counters (large) 1 sheet of informational markers (small) 1 Rules Book 2 Scenario Booklets 2 Charts & Tables Cards 1 ten-sided die (2.1) THE MAPS The gamemaps are overlayed with a grid of hexagons - hexes - which are used to regulate movement. The various types of terrain represented are discussed in the rules, below. The map of Greece is used for the Unarmed Goliath scenario; the map of Turkey for Ataturk. The two maps do link up; not that we provide any reason to do so.
    [Show full text]
  • Greek Diaspora in an Uncertain World
    Greek Diaspora in an uncertain world MIGRATION PROGRAMME Othon ANASTASAKIS & Antonis KAMARAS April 2021 Policy Paper #63/2020 ELIAMEP | Policy Paper #63/2021 Greek Diaspora in an uncertain world Copyright © 2021 | All Rights Reserved HELLENIC FOUNDATION FOR EUROPEAN & FOREIGN POLICY (ELIAMEP) 49 Vasilissis Sofias Ave., 10676, Athens, Greece Tel.: +30 210 7257 110 | Fax: +30 210 7257 114 | www.eliamep.gr | [email protected] ELIAMEP offers a forum for debate on international and European issues. Its non-partisan character supports the right to free and well-documented discourse. ELIAMEP publications aim to contribute to scholarly knowledge and to provide policy relevant analyses. As such, they solely represent the views of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Foundation. A Joint SEESOX-ELIAMEP Research Endeavour Othon ANASTASAKIS Director of South East European Studies at Oxford (SEESOX), Coordinator of the Greek Diaspora Project, University of Oxford Antonis KAMARAS Associate of the Greek Diaspora Project, SEESOX and Research Associate, ELIAMEP Acknowledgement: the authors are thankful for the comments from Foteini Kalantzi (AG. Leventis Researcher at SEESOX) and Manolis Pratsinakis (Onassis Fellow at SEESOX) • Greece’s fiscal crisis has energized its relationship with its diaspora in the last several Summary years, after decades of decline, as well as reshaping the diaspora itself due to the massive crisis-driven migration. • Research institutes as well as individual scholars have addressed key aspects of the diaspora and homeland relationship prior to and during the crisis. South East European Studies at Oxford (SEESOX) established in 2015 the Greek Diaspora Project, a dedicated research unit which has applied the well-established diaspora and development literature to the Greek case, in the crisis and post-crisis years.
    [Show full text]
  • Blood Ties: Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878
    BLOOD TIES BLOOD TIES Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 I˙pek Yosmaog˘lu Cornell University Press Ithaca & London Copyright © 2014 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 2014 by Cornell University Press First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2014 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yosmaog˘lu, I˙pek, author. Blood ties : religion, violence,. and the politics of nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 / Ipek K. Yosmaog˘lu. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8014-5226-0 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-8014-7924-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Macedonia—History—1878–1912. 2. Nationalism—Macedonia—History. 3. Macedonian question. 4. Macedonia—Ethnic relations. 5. Ethnic conflict— Macedonia—History. 6. Political violence—Macedonia—History. I. Title. DR2215.Y67 2013 949.76′01—dc23 2013021661 Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid-free papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu. Cloth printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Paperback printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Josh Contents Acknowledgments ix Note on Transliteration xiii Introduction 1 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Britain and the Greek Security Battalions, 1943-1944
    VOL. XV, Nos. 1 & 2 SPRING-SUMMER 1988 Publisher: LEANDROS PAPATHANASIOU Editorial Board: MARIOS L. EVRIVIADES ALEXANDROS KITROEFF PETER PAPPAS YIANNIS P. ROUBATIS Managing Eidtor: SUSAN ANASTASAKOS Advisory Board: MARGARET ALEXIOU KOSTIS MOSKOFF Harvard University Thessaloniki, Greece SPYROS I. ASDRACHAS Nlcos MOUZELIS University of Paris I London School of Economics LOUKAS AXELOS JAMES PETRAS Athens, Greece S.U.N.Y. at Binghamton HAGEN FLEISCHER OLE L. SMITH University of Crete University of Copenhagen ANGELIKI E. LAIOU STAVROS B. THOMADAKIS Harvard University Baruch College, C.U.N.Y. CONSTANTINE TSOUCALAS University of Athens The Journal of the Hellenic Diaspora is a quarterly review published by Pella Publishing Company, Inc., 337 West 36th Street, New York, NY 10018-6401, U.S.A., in March, June, September, and December. Copyright © 1988 by Pella Publishing Company. ISSN 0364-2976 NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS DAVID GILMORE is professor of anthropology at the State Uni- versity of New York at Stony Brook . MOLLY GREENE is a doc- toral candidate at Princeton University . CLIFFORD P. HACKETT is a former aide to U.S. Representative Benjamin Rosenthal and Senator Paul Sarbanes. He is currently administering an exchange program between the U.S. Congress and the European Parliament and is also executive director of the American Council for Jean Monnet Studies . JOHN LOUIS HONDROS is professor of history at the College of Wooster, Ohio ... ADAMANTIA POLLIS is professor of political science at the Graduate Faculty of the New School for Social Re- search . JOHN E. REXINE is Charles A. Dana Professor of the Classics and director of the division of the humanities at Colgate Uni- versity .
    [Show full text]
  • The Rise and Fall of the 5/42 Regiment of Evzones: a Study on National Resistance and Civil War in Greece 1941-1944
    The Rise and Fall of the 5/42 Regiment of Evzones: A Study on National Resistance and Civil War in Greece 1941-1944 ARGYRIOS MAMARELIS Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy The European Institute London School of Economics and Political Science 2003 i UMI Number: U613346 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U613346 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 9995 / 0/ -hoZ2 d X Abstract This thesis addresses a neglected dimension of Greece under German and Italian occupation and on the eve of civil war. Its contribution to the historiography of the period stems from the fact that it constitutes the first academic study of the third largest resistance organisation in Greece, the 5/42 regiment of evzones. The study of this national resistance organisation can thus extend our knowledge of the Greek resistance effort, the political relations between the main resistance groups, the conditions that led to the civil war and the domestic relevance of British policies.
    [Show full text]
  • Euboea and Athens
    Euboea and Athens Proceedings of a Colloquium in Memory of Malcolm B. Wallace Athens 26-27 June 2009 2011 Publications of the Canadian Institute in Greece Publications de l’Institut canadien en Grèce No. 6 © The Canadian Institute in Greece / L’Institut canadien en Grèce 2011 Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Euboea and Athens Colloquium in Memory of Malcolm B. Wallace (2009 : Athens, Greece) Euboea and Athens : proceedings of a colloquium in memory of Malcolm B. Wallace : Athens 26-27 June 2009 / David W. Rupp and Jonathan E. Tomlinson, editors. (Publications of the Canadian Institute in Greece = Publications de l'Institut canadien en Grèce ; no. 6) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-9737979-1-6 1. Euboea Island (Greece)--Antiquities. 2. Euboea Island (Greece)--Civilization. 3. Euboea Island (Greece)--History. 4. Athens (Greece)--Antiquities. 5. Athens (Greece)--Civilization. 6. Athens (Greece)--History. I. Wallace, Malcolm B. (Malcolm Barton), 1942-2008 II. Rupp, David W. (David William), 1944- III. Tomlinson, Jonathan E. (Jonathan Edward), 1967- IV. Canadian Institute in Greece V. Title. VI. Series: Publications of the Canadian Institute in Greece ; no. 6. DF261.E9E93 2011 938 C2011-903495-6 The Canadian Institute in Greece Dionysiou Aiginitou 7 GR-115 28 Athens, Greece www.cig-icg.gr THOMAS G. PALAIMA Euboea, Athens, Thebes and Kadmos: The Implications of the Linear B References 1 The Linear B documents contain a good number of references to Thebes, and theories about the status of Thebes among Mycenaean centers have been prominent in Mycenological scholarship over the last twenty years.2 Assumptions about the hegemony of Thebes in the Mycenaean palatial period, whether just in central Greece or over a still wider area, are used as the starting point for interpreting references to: a) Athens: There is only one reference to Athens on a possibly early tablet (Knossos V 52) as a toponym a-ta-na = Ἀθήνη in the singular, as in Hom.
    [Show full text]
  • A HISTORY of the PELASGIAN THEORY. FEW Peoples Of
    A HISTORY OF THE PELASGIAN THEORY. FEW peoples of the ancient world have given rise to so much controversy as the Pelasgians; and of few, after some centuries of discussion, is so little clearly established. Like the Phoenicians, the Celts, and of recent years the Teutons, they have been a peg upon which to hang all sorts of speculation ; and whenever an inconvenient circumstance has deranged the symmetry of a theory, it has been safe to ' call it Pelasgian and pass on.' One main reason for this ill-repute, into which the Pelasgian name has fallen, has been the very uncritical fashion in which the ancient statements about the Pelasgians have commonly been mishandled. It has been the custom to treat passages from Homer, from Herodotus, from Ephorus, and from Pausanias, as if they were so many interchangeable bricks to build up the speculative edifice; as if it needed no proof that genealogies found sum- marized in Pausanias or Apollodorus ' were taken by them from poems of the same class with the Theogony, or from ancient treatises, or from prevalent opinions ;' as if, further, ' if we find them mentioning the Pelasgian nation, they do at all events belong to an age when that name and people had nothing of the mystery which they bore to the eyes of the later Greeks, for instance of Strabo;' and as though (in the same passage) a statement of Stephanus of Byzantium about Pelasgians in Italy ' were evidence to the same effect, perfectly unexceptionable and as strictly historical as the case will admit of 1 No one doubts, of course, either that popular tradition may transmit, or that late writers may transcribe, statements which come from very early, and even from contemporary sources.
    [Show full text]
  • Greek Cultures, Traditions and People
    GREEK CULTURES, TRADITIONS AND PEOPLE Paschalis Nikolaou – Fulbright Fellow Greece ◦ What is ‘culture’? “Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts […] The word "culture" derives from a French term, which in turn derives from the Latin "colere," which means to tend to the earth and Some grow, or cultivation and nurture. […] The term "Western culture" has come to define the culture of European countries as well as those that definitions have been heavily influenced by European immigration, such as the United States […] Western culture has its roots in the Classical Period of …when, to define, is to the Greco-Roman era and the rise of Christianity in the 14th century.” realise connections and significant overlap ◦ What do we mean by ‘tradition’? ◦ 1a: an inherited, established, or customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior (such as a religious practice or a social custom) ◦ b: a belief or story or a body of beliefs or stories relating to the past that are commonly accepted as historical though not verifiable … ◦ 2: the handing down of information, beliefs, and customs by word of mouth or by example from one generation to another without written instruction ◦ 3: cultural continuity in social attitudes, customs, and institutions ◦ 4: characteristic manner, method, or style in the best liberal tradition GREECE: ANCIENT AND MODERN What we consider ancient Greece was one of the main classical The Modern Greek State was founded in 1830, following the civilizations, making important contributions to philosophy, mathematics, revolutionary war against the Ottoman Turks, which started in astronomy, and medicine.
    [Show full text]
  • OO-1306-JUNE 2015-GRK.Indd
    JUNE 2015 • Vol. 80 • No. 1306 www.observer.goarch.org • e-mail: [email protected] $1.00 In THIS ISSUE Santiago Calatrava design St. Nicholas Shrine National Philoptochos Board members visit the site of St. Nicholas National Shrine. • P. 5 Dimitrios Panagos photos Archbishop Demetrios in the procession led by Armenian Supreme Patriarch Karekin II. Vice President Joe Biden is shown at upper part of picture. 26 years later S.F. Cathedral construction progress Archbishop Attends Armenian Genocide Observance • P. 6 HCHC 73rd commencement by Stavros H. Papagermanos members of Congress, and Christian faith of the Armenian Genocide Centennial Fr. Trianta lou awarded honorary doctorate leaders from around the country. (NCAGC) uniting the efforts of the Dio- • P. 9 WASHINGTON – Archbishop Deme- The Most Rev. Dr. Katharine Jefferts cese and Prelacy of the Armenian Apos- trios attended the May 7 ecumenical Schori, presiding bishop of the Episco- tolic Churches of America, East and West. service at the National Cathedral com- pal Church, welcomed attendees to the It was co-sponsored by the U.S. Confer- memorating the centennial of the Arme- service and the Rev. Dr. Olav Fykse Tveit, ence of Catholic Bishops and the National nian Genocide. general secretary of the World Council Council of Churches of Christ. The multi-faith service marked the of Churches, delivered the homily. Arch- See more at: www.goarch.org/news/ar- 100th anniversary of the beginning of the bishop Demetrios offered a prayer of the meniancommemoration-05082015#sthash. Armenian Genocide, in which an estimat- evening hour. zqiYey63.dpuf ed 1.5 million Armenians perished at the Armenian President Sargsyan, in his hands of Ottoman Turks from 1915-1923 speech, noted a verse of the psalmist and delivered a message of awareness, “Mercy and truth will meet, justice and gratitude and unity.
    [Show full text]