RUSSIAN FEDERATION (THE) Last Updated: 2006-12-28

Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System (VMNIS) WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency The database on iodine deficiency includes data by country on goitre prevalence and/or urinary iodine concentration

Goitre Urinary iodine (µg/L) Notes prevalence (%) Distribution (%) Prevalence (%) Age Sample Grade Grade TGP <20 20-49 50-99100-299 >300 <100 Median Mean SD Reference General Line Level Date Region and sample descriptor Sex (years) size 1 2 D 2004P Khabarovsk district/northern location: All B NS 465 47 5323 * Khabarovsk district/southern location: All B NS 415 62 Khabarovsk district/central location: All B NS 718 98 Northern location: SAC B 7.00 - 11.99 NS 19 Southern location: SAC B 12.00 - 16.99 NS 45 Central location: SAC B 12.00 - 16.99 NS 53 All by location and area: Northern: Urban B NS 133 30 All by location and area: Northern: Rural B NS 332 57 All by location and area: Southern: Urban B NS 434 108 All by location and area: Southern: Rural B NS 284 88

L 2003 Dlenegorsk: SAC B 9.00 - 11.99 51 37.1 4177 * Kandalaksha: SAC B 7.00 - 11.99 52 43.3 Monchegorsk: SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 52 68.4 Severomorsk: SAC B 8.00 - 9.99 54 36.6 Umba village: SAC B 7.00 - 11.99 53 34.7

L 2002P Astrachansky oblast: Astrachan (area A): SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 50 38 46 14 98 24.8 3610a * 1 Astrachansky oblast: Astrachan (area B): SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 61 62 35 5 100 18.8 2 Astrachansky oblast: Astrachan (area C): SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 40 20 45 25 90 32.2 3 Astrachansky oblast: Astrachan (area D): SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 31 30 60 7 97 23.2 4 Astrachansky oblast: Sentovka: SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 70 19 64 10 93 30.4

L 2002P Volgograd oblast: Frolovskoye: SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 68 80.6 14.9 4.5 100 8.4 3610b * Volgograd oblast: Kalach: SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 56 70.6 23.5 7.8 100 15.9 Volgograd oblast: Gorodishe: SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 54 72.0 12.0 16.0 100 16.4 Volgograd oblast: Leninsk: SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 72 4.2 19.7 59.2 83.1 64.8

L 2002P Krasnodarsky Kray: Aphipskaya: SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 50 2426 32 126 3610c * Krasnodarsky Kray: Apsheronsk: SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 99 22 44 26 92 45.6 Krasnodarsky Kray: Dinskaya: SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 100 01336 49 102

L 2001 Electrostal town: SAC by age B 8.00 - 8.99 46 78 1143 * Electrostal town: SAC by age B 9.00 - 9.99 51 136 Electrostal town: SAC by age B 10.00 - 10.99 60 153 Electrostal town: SAC by age B 11.00 - 11.99 43 174 Electrostal town: PW F NS 61 2 5770 23 5 Electrostal town: Total B 8.00 - 11.99 204 15.1 15.1 * © WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System (VMNIS) WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency The database on iodine deficiency includes data by country on goitre prevalence and/or urinary iodine concentration

RUSSIAN FEDERATION (THE) Last Updated: 2006-12-28

Goitre Urinary iodine (µg/L) Notes prevalence (%) Distribution (%) Prevalence (%) Age Sample Grade Grade TGP <20 20-49 50-99100-299 >300 <100 Median Mean SD Reference General Line Level Date Region and sample descriptor Sex (years) size 1 2 L 2001 SAC by sex F 8.00 - 11.99 104 17.3 17.3 1143 SAC by sex M 8.00 - 11.99 100 13.0 13.0 SAC by sex and age F 8.00 - 8.99 27 14.8 14.8 SAC by sex and age F 9.00 - 9.99 26 19.3 19.3 SAC by sex and age F 10.00 - 10.99 34 11.8 11.8 SAC by sex and age F 11.00 - 11.99 17 23.5 23.5 SAC by sex and age M 8.00 - 8.99 23 13.1 13.1 SAC by sex and age M 9.00 - 9.99 25 12.0 12.0 SAC by sex and age M 10.00 - 10.99 26 11.5 11.5 SAC by sex and age M 11.00 - 11.99 26 15.4 15.4 Electrostal town: PW F NS 61 1.6 3.3 4.9

S 2001 Pallasovka region: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 100 95.8 1222 * Urupinsk region: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 104 58.2 Volgograd region: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 186 78.0 Volzhskiyregion: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 106 63.5 Volograd oblast: SAC: Total B 8.00 - 11.99 1069 14.2 * SAC by region: Pallasovka B 8.00 - 11.99 239 5.4 SAC by region: Urupinsk B 8.00 - 11.99 225 15.5 SAC by region: Volgograd B 8.00 - 11.99 421 19.8 SAC by region: Volzhskiy B 8.00 - 11.99 184 13.0

L 2001P Angarsk: Pre-SAC/SAC B 1.00 - 12.99 NS 66.7 75 498 * Bratsk: Pre-SAC/SAC B 1.00 - 12.99 NS 60.2 85 6 Irkutsk: Pre-SAC/SAC B 1.00 - 12.99 472 86.9 50 7 Ust-Ilimst: Pre-SAC/SAC B 1.00 - 12.99 NS 85.4 50 8

S 2001 Alexeevsk: SAC B 9.00 - 11.99 109 64 78 743 * Borisovsk: SAC B 9.00 - 11.99 101 136 Graivoron: SAC B 9.00 - 11.99 99 128 Yakovlevsk: SAC B 9.00 - 11.99 99 144 Shchebekinsk: SAC B 9.00 - 11.99 102 65 74 Belgorod oblast: SAC: Total B 9.00 - 11.99 395 26.6 3.8 30.4 * SAC by sex F 9.00 - 11.99 214 26.2 5.1 31.3 SAC by sex M 9.00 - 11.99 181 27.1 2.2 29.3 SAC by sex and age F 9.00 - 9.99 60 28.3 3.3 31.6 SAC by sex and age F 10.00 - 10.99 94 24.5 6.4 30.9 SAC by sex and age F 11.00 - 11.99 60 26.7 5.0 31.7

© WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System (VMNIS) WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency The database on iodine deficiency includes data by country on goitre prevalence and/or urinary iodine concentration

RUSSIAN FEDERATION (THE) Last Updated: 2006-12-28

Goitre Urinary iodine (µg/L) Notes prevalence (%) Distribution (%) Prevalence (%) Age Sample Grade Grade TGP <20 20-49 50-99100-299 >300 <100 Median Mean SD Reference General Line Level Date Region and sample descriptor Sex (years) size 1 2 S 2001 SAC by sex and age M 9.00 - 9.99 55 30.9 1.8 32.7 743 SAC by sex and age M 10.00 - 10.99 76 25.0 2.6 27.6 SAC by sex and age M 11.00 - 11.99 50 26.0 2.0 28.0

S 2000 Kirov oblast: SAC: Total B 7.00 - 12.99 418 8204032 68 74 1139 * SAC by city: Kirov B 7.00 - 12.99 NS 70 69 9 SAC by city: Kirovo-Chepetsk B 7.00 - 12.99 NS 47 62 71 10 SAC by city: Kumeny B 7.00 - 12.99 NS 59 80 11 SAC by city: Slobodskoy B 7.00 - 12.99 NS 77 64 12 Kirov city: SAC B 7.00 - 15.99 1646 2.2 0.9 3.1 * Kirovo-Chepetsk city: SAC B 7.00 - 15.99 696 5.5 0.6 6.1 Kumeny city: SAC B 7.00 - 15.99 360 9.7 2.8 12.5 Sboboskoy city: SAC B 7.00 - 15.99 692 5.3 0.6 5.9

S 2000 Ak-Dovurak: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 121 215 1191 * Chadan: SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 108 123 Erzin: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 112 127 Kyzyl city: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 68 172 Sut-khol: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 114 91 Teele: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 85 186 Tyva republic: PW F NS 78 0214034 5 60 117 13 Tyva republic: SAC: Total B 8.00 - 11.99 482 32.9 2.9 35.8 * SAC by sex F 8.00 - 11.99 262 34.7 4.6 39.3 SAC by sex M 8.00 - 11.99 220 30.9 0.9 31.8 SAC by sex and age F 8.00 - 8.99 68 26.4 1.5 27.9 SAC by sex and age F 9.00 - 9.99 64 29.8 3.0 30.1 SAC by sex and age F 10.00 - 10.99 86 38.4 3.5 41.9 SAC by sex and age F 11.00 - 11.99 44 50.0 11.4 61.4 SAC by sex and age M 8.00 - 8.99 40 32.5 0.0 32.5 SAC by sex and age M 9.00 - 9.99 87 24.1 0.0 24.1 SAC by sex and age M 10.00 - 10.99 66 37.9 3.0 40.9 SAC by sex and age M 11.00 - 11.99 27 33.3 0.0 33.3 SAC by location: AK-Dovurak B 7.00 - 17.99 481 42.6 SAC by location: Ban-Tayga B 7.00 - 17.99 214 23.8 SAC by location: Chadan B 7.00 - 17.99 191 42.4 SAC by location: Erzin B 7.00 - 17.99 489 33.4 SAC by location: Kyzyl city B 7.00 - 17.99 214 36.0 SAC by location: Sut-khol B 7.00 - 17.99 385 40.0

RUSSIAN FEDERATION (THE) Last Updated: 2006-12-28

S 2000 Berenzniak: SAC B 10.00 - 11.99 88 53 4178 * Dnega: SAC B 10.00 - 11.99 98 29 Kargopol: SAC B 9.00 - 11.99 57 82 Karpogory: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 117 40 Koriazhma: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 115 50 Novodrinsk: SAC B 9.00 - 11.99 135 43 114 Pinega: SAC B 9.00 - 11.99 95 58 Plesetsk: SAC B 9.00 - 11.99 87 69 Shenkursk: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 124 72 Velsk: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 128 68 Verhniaya Toima: SAC B 8.00 - 10.99 87 43 Viled: SAC B 8.00 - 11.99 125 66

S 2000 Ezhvin: SAC B 8.00 - 12.99 98 98 4179 * Obiachevo: SAC B 8.00 - 12.99 114 114 Syktyvkar city: SAC B 8.00 - 12.99 90 90 Vizinga: SAC B 8.00 - 12.99 160 160 Komi republic: SAC: Total B 8.00 - 11.99 453 25.7 3.1 * SAC by sex F 8.00 - 11.99 269 23.8 4.1 SAC by sex M 8.00 - 11.99 184 27.6 2.0 SAC by sex and age F 8.00 - 8.99 90 20.1 2.2 SAC by sex and age F 9.00 - 9.99 87 29.9 6.9 SAC by sex and age F 10.00 - 10.99 42 19.0 4.7 SAC by sex and age F 11.00 - 11.99 50 26.0 2.0 SAC by sex and age M 8.00 - 8.99 36 30.6 2.7 SAC by sex and age M 9.00 - 9.99 66 28.8 3.0 SAC by sex and age M 10.00 - 10.99 43 27.9 2.3 SAC by sex and age M 11.00 - 11.99 39 23.1 0.0

S 1999 Sakhalin oblast: SAC: Total B 7.00 - 12.99 418 10 23 2932 8 62 78 1185 * SAC by region: Aniva B 7.00 - 12.99 NS 79 SAC by region: Kholms B 7.00 - 12.99 NS 92 SAC by region: Makarov B 7.00 - 12.99 NS 51 SAC by region: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk B 7.00 - 12.99 NS 117 14

S 1998 -2001 Saratov region: SAC B 6.00 - 12.99 654 38.2 4029 * © WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System (VMNIS) WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency The database on iodine deficiency includes data by country on goitre prevalence and/or urinary iodine concentration

RUSSIAN FEDERATION (THE) Last Updated: 2006-12-28

Goitre Urinary iodine (µg/L) Notes prevalence (%) Distribution (%) Prevalence (%) Age Sample Grade Grade TGP <20 20-49 50-99100-299 >300 <100 Median Mean SD Reference General Line Level Date Region and sample descriptor Sex (years) size 1 2 S 1998 -2001 Saratov region: SAC B 6.00 - 12.99 2040 35.8 4029 * L 1991 -1996 Bryansk oblast: SAC/Adults B 5.00 - 20.99 501 70.0 1238 *

RUSSIAN FEDERATION (THE)

Reference no 5323 General Notes: No description of sampling; translated from Russian; same data reported in reference No. 5318.

Reference no 4177 General Notes: Five regional centres in Murmansk oblast; goitre investigated by ultrasonography, values not included in the database. Reference no 3610a General Notes: Data provided by Endocrinology Research Center; no description of sampling. Line note 1 2 schools. Line note 2 27 schools. Line note 3 19 schools. Line note 4 11 schools.

Reference no 3610b General Notes: Data provided by Endocrinology Research Center; no description of sampling. Reference no 3610c General Notes: Data provided by Endocrinology Research Center; no description of sampling. Reference no 1143 General Notes: No description of sampling; goitre investigated by ultrasonography, values not included in the database. Line note 5 UI >500 µg/L: 23% Reference no 1222 General Notes: Four regions in Volgograd oblast included; goitre investigated by ultrasonography, values not included in the database.

Reference no 498 General Notes: Survey of 4 cities in Irkutsk district; no description of sampling; translated from Russian. Line note 6 22.2% <50 µg /L Line note 7 55% <50 µg /L Line note 8 51.8% <50 µg /L Reference no 743 General Notes: Five regions in Belgorod oblast included; goitre investigated by ultrasonography, values not included in the database.

Reference no 1139 General Notes: Four regions in Kirov oblast included; goitre investigated by ultrasonography, values not included in the database. Line note 9 UI <50 µg/L: 30% Line note 10 UI <50 µg/L: 14% Line note 11 UI <50 µg/L: 38% Line note 12 UI <50 µg/L: 37%

Line note 13 UI <50 µg/L: 21% Reference no 4178 General Notes: Twelve regions in Arkhangelsk oblast included; goitre investigated by ultrasonography, values not included in the database.

Reference no 4179 General Notes: Four areas in Komi republic included; goitre investigated by ultrasonography, values not included in the database. Reference no 1185 General Notes: Five regions in Sakhalin oblast included; no description of sampling: goitre investigated by ultrasonography, values not included in the database. Line note 14 Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk School. Reference no 4029 General Notes: Twenty-one schools from 14 districts in Saratov region included; goitre investigated by ultrasonography, values not included in the database.

Reference no 1238 General Notes: Survey carried out in 3 countries: Belarus, Ukraine, Russia; children living in areas affected by Chernobyl accident; age 0-10 years at time of accident; facility based survey (medical centers), sampling not specified; prevalence of goitre investigated by ultrasonography, values not included in the database.

Reference 498 Novikov IuV, Savchenkov MF, Savchenkova SV, Muratova NM, Brovina FIa, Manueva RS, Nekipelov MI, Seliverstvova TG, Andreeva VB, Muratov VV. Sanitary assessment of iodine levels in the environment and their impact on children's health [in Russian]. Gigiena i Sanitariia, 2001, :60-63.

Reference 743 Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, National IDD Center, Ministry of Health. Report on IDD survey in the Belgorod Oblast. Moscow, Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, 2001.

Reference 1139 Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. Evaluation of iodine status and goitre prevalence in children population of Kirov Oblast. Moscow, Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 2001.

Reference 1143 Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, National IDD Center, Ministry of Health. IDD survey in the city of Electrostal, Moscow Oblast. Moscow, Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, 2001.

Reference 1185 Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. Evaluation of iodine status and goitre prevalence in children population of Sakhalin Oblast. Moscow, Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 2001.

Reference 1191 Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, National IDD Center, Ministry of Health. Report on IDD survey in the Tyva Republic. Moscow, Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, 2000.

Reference 1222 Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, National IDD Center, Ministry of Health, Health Department of Volgograd Oblast. IDD survey in the Volgogr Oblast. Moscow, Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, 2001.

Reference 1238 Ashizawa K, Shibata Y, Yamashita S, Namba H, Hoshi M, Yokoyama N, Izumi M, Nagataki S. Prevalence of goiter and urinary iodine excretion levels in children around Chernobyl. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1997, 82 :3430-3433.

Reference 3610 Endocrinology Research Center, Ministry of Health. Urinary iodine and thyroid volume in Astrachan, Volgogradsky and Krasnodarsky Regions [unpublished report]. Moscow, Endocrinology Research Center, Ministry of Health, 2002.

Reference 4029 Svinaryov M, Aranovich V. Iodine deficiency disorders in the Saratov province in Russia. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 2003, 26 (2 Suppl):16-19.

Reference 4177 Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, National IDD Center, Ministry of Health. Report on IDD survey in Murnansk Oblast. Moscow, Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, 2003.

Reference 4178 Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, National IDD Center, Ministry of Health, Health Department of Arkhangelk Oblast. Report on IDD survey in Arkhangelk Oblast. Moscow, Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, 2001.

Reference 4179 Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, National IDD Center, Ministry of Health. Report on IDD survey in Komi Republic. Moscow, Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science, 2001.

Reference 5323 Driutskaia SM, Riabkova VA. [Hygienic assessment of iodine deficiency in the Khabarovsk Territory]. Gigiena i Sanitariia, 2004, :15-18.

Reference 516 Surkov S, Nosova N, Morozova A, Osykhovskaya L. Iodine deficiency in Primorie. IDD Newsletter, 1992, 8 :6.

Reference 517 Talantov VV, Morozov VV, Tazetdinov FA, Alimova F. Ecological and genetic elements in the epidemiology of endemic goiter in Tatarsan. IDD Newsletter, 1992, 8 :7-8.

Reference 701 Endocrinology Research Center. Urinary iodine and thyroid volume in Astrachanksky, Volgogradsky and Krasnodarsky region. 2002.

Reference 1110 Gerasimov G. ICCIDD Global Plan: Email communication to Delange F. 1988.

Reference 1389 Lisenkova LA, Kniazev IuA, Putiakova LI, Bolotova NV, Glukhova TV, Guliaev AI. Ecology and health status of children in rural areas endemic for goiter [in Russian]. Pediatriia, 1991, :44-47.

Reference 1409 Sirotkin VM, Chuprun VF. Population-genetic studies in the microfoci of endemic goiter [in Russian]. Problemy Endokrinologii, 1979, 25 :21-27.

Reference 1410 Kisrieva MA, Nurmagomaeva PS. Endemic goiter and the nutritional characteristics of the population of Dagestan [in Russian]. Gigiena i Sanitariia, 1976, :100-102.

Reference 1411 Dubovtseva IuI, Korkin SA, Iuferev SV. Incidence of endemic goiter and diabetes mellitus and several forms of organization of endocrinologic services in the Krasnoiarsk region [in Russian]. Zdravookhranenie Rossiiskoi Federatsii, 1977, :42-44.

Reference 1412 Kamenev EV, Balbolkin MI, Mazovetskii AG. Dynamics of endemic goiter in school children of the Gorno-Altai autonomic territory [in Russian]. Voprosy Okhrany Materinstva i Detstva, 1967, 12 :86.

Reference 1413 Beliaeva ED, Revis VA, Soboleva IB, Troitskaia AL, Shastina VP. Endemic enlargement of the thyroid gland and endemic goiter in children in the Kalinin District [in Russian]. Voprosy Okhrany Materinstva i Detstva, 1966, 11 :39-42.

Reference 1414 Kosolapova KT. Endemic goiter in children in the Krasnoyarsk Angara River region [in Russian]. Voprosy Okhrany Materinstva i Detstva, 1966, 11 :34-38.

Reference 1415 Kaz'min VD. Endemic goiter in children in the Kamchatka region [in Russian]. Pediatriia, 1965, 44 :26-28.

Reference 1706 Dogadin SA, Nozdrachyov KG, Kutznetsov SR, Sivkova OM, Manchouk VT. Goitre prevalence in indigenous population of Evenkia. Arctic Medical Research, 1994, 53 :152-155.

Reference 3059 Gerasimov G. Market Research of Production, Transport and Distribution of Salt in the Russian Federation: Potential for Universal Salt Iodization: UNICEF report. 1998.

Reference 3991 Shakhtarin VV, Tsyb AF, Stepanenko VF, Orlov MY, Kopecky KJ, Davis S. Iodine deficiency, radiation dose, and the risk of thyroid cancer among children and adolescents in the Bryansk region of Russia following the Chernobyl power station accident. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2003, 32 :584-591.

Reference 4477 Jackson RJ, DeLozier DM, Gerasimov G, Borisova O, Garbe PL, Goultchenko L, Shakarishvili G, Hollowell JG, Miller DT. Chernobyl and iodine deficiency in the Russian Federation: an environmental disaster leading to a public health opportunity. Journal of Public Health Policy, 2002, 23 :453-70.

Reference 5318 Driutskaia SM, Grigor'eva NG. [Iodine deficiency as a factor that diminishes the mental and intellectual development of a child]. Gigiena i Sanitariia, 2005, :32-35.

Reference 5319 Gas'kov AIu, Savchenkov MF, Iushkov NN. [The specific features of the development of iodine deficiencies in children living under environmental pollution with fluorine compounds]. Gigiena i Sanitariia, 2005, :53-55.

Reference 5320 Koltun VZ, Proskuriakova LA, Lobykina EN, Khvostova OI. [Ways of enhancing mentality in schoolchildren from an iodine-deficiency region]. Gigiena i Sanitariia, 2005, :52-54.

Reference 5321 Andriukov BG, Kiku PF, Semenova VV. [Hygienic assessment of the impact of environmental factors of the Primorye Territory on the incidence of thyroid diseases]. Gigiena i Sanitariia, 2005, :6-9.

Reference 5322 Akatova AA, Zaitseva NV, Balabolkin II, Ustinova OIu, Zemlianova MA, Vozgoment OV. [Goiter transformation as a risk factor of the development of bronchial asthma in children under the influence of natural and technogenic factors of the environment]. Gigiena i Sanitariia, 2005,

Reference 5324 Prusakova AV, Matorova NI, Prusakov VM. [Health status in children with diffuse thyroid enlargement under man-made pollution]. Gigiena i Sanitariia, 2004, :40-44.

Reference 5325 Onishchenko GG, Zaitseva NV, Zemlianova MA. [Prevention of endemic goiter in areas jointly exposed to natural and industrial chemical factors]. Gigiena i Sanitariia, 2004, :12-17.

Reference 5326 Rakhmanin IuA, Savchenkov MF, Muratova NM, Okhremchuk LV, Gas'kov AIu, Iushkov NN. [Medico-sanitary problems of iodine deficiency]. Gigiena i Sanitariia, 2004, :6-11.

Reference 5352 Popovsky A, Kireev R, Khomyakova I. Morpho-functional features in adolescent males under iodine deficiency of the Saratov region. Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human Science, 2005, 24 :407-411.