June 18, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H3639 between good and evil, and they are isiana. In 1943, when the Army called for lin- nation is immune, and all nations must not willing to live in a world where evil guists to join the newly formed Office of Stra- act decisively to protect against this prevails. tegic Services (OSS) [predecessor of the Cen- constantly evolving threat. In honor of the Airborne, the Special tral Intelligence Agency], Colonel Bank We must recognize that the threat of Forces and for Colonel Shimkus, I close stepped forward. Under the Command of terrorism is a permanent condition, by saying simply: Colonel William B. (‘‘Wild Bill’’) Donavan, and we must take action to protect Stand up, hook up, shuffle to the door Colonel Bank parachuted into occupied America against the terrorists that Leap right out and count to four. France in the Rohne Valley to train and fight seek to kill the innocent. If your main don’t open wide, with the . Colonel Bank was Since September 11, 2001, all levels of You got a reserve by your side. made Chief of Guerilla Operations. He oper- government and leaders from across Airborne. ated in the area of Avignon and Nimes, along the political spectrum have cooperated Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, with other OSS Jedburgh Teams. Colonel like never before. We have strength- the fog and friction of war ruled the day when Bank was involved with some of the most in- ened our aviation security and tight- seven American special operations forces died triguing operations and personalities of that ened our borders. We have stockpiled on an isolated mountaintop in Afghanistan. era. He was actively involved with the famous medicines to defend against bioter- The battle at Takur Ghar took place during Operation ‘‘Iron Cross’’—the plot to assas- rorism and improved our ability to Operation Anaconda. U.S. military officials sinate Adolph Hitler. combat weapons of mass destruction. sent a special operations reconnaissance ele- Following World War II, Colonel Bank We have dramatically improved infor- ment to a key piece of terrain. As the team served as Commander of Counter-Intelligence mation sharing among our intelligence reached the 10,000-foot mountaintop, the in Bavaria until 1950. He also served in Korea, agencies, and we have taken new steps team’s assault helicopter took immediate where he was the executive officer of a Regi- to protect our critical infrastructure. ground fire. In the course of the next two mental Combat Team. From 1951–1952, Colo- Our Nation is stronger and better hours, the special operations team went back nel Bank was assigned to the Special Oper- prepared today than it was on Sep- to rescue their mate, who had fallen out the ations Branch, Psychological Warfare Staff at tember 11. Yet, we can do better. I pro- back of the assault helicopter. He continued to the Pentagon. It was here that the idea for the posed the most extensive reorganiza- fight until his death. That fight is a microcosm First Group took form. On tion of the Federal Government since of men and women who are in the Army’s June 19, 1952, this idea became reality. This the 1940s by creating a new Department Special Forces. The military personnel that occurred when Colonel Bank activated the of Homeland Security. For the first fought on Takur Ghar, displayed dedication 10th Special Forces Group, the original Spe- time we would have a single Depart- bravery, selflessness courage and unity. This cial Forces unit. Colonel Bank commanded the ment whose primary mission is to se- is who our Special Forces are. Group at Bad Toelz, Federal Republic of Ger- cure our homeland. Soon after the Sec- The Special Forces Regiment uses a many until 1954. In 1986, Colonel Bank was ond World War, President Harry Tru- twelve-member team concept. It assigns multi- honored with the title of Colonel of the Regi- man recognized that our Nation’s frag- faceted missions including counter-terrorism, ment for all U.S. Army Special Forces. mented military defenses needed reor- direct action, strategic reconnaissance, psy- The Army Special Forces live quietly by ganization to help win the Cold War. chological warfare, civil affairs, and training their motto ‘‘De Oppresso Liber’’, Latin for ‘‘To President Truman proposed uniting our foreign military and para-military forces in Free the Oppressed’’. Therefore, I salute the military forces under a single entity, counter-insurgency operations. Special Forces Army Special Forces and Colo- now the Department of Defense, and Soldiers are teachers who are trained in for- nel Aaron Bank on the historic significance of creating the National Security Council eign languages and are called on to teach the 50th anniversary of the founding of the to bring together defense, intelligence, military skills to people around the world. They Special Forces. and diplomacy. President Truman’s re- operate in urban, jungle, desert, mountain, Mr. HAYES. Mr. Speaker, I yield forms are still helping us to fight ter- maritime, and arctic environments and are back the balance of my time. ror abroad, and today we need similar sometimes called on to survive for months at The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. dramatic reforms to secure our people a time behind enemy lines. SIMPSON). The question is on the mo- at home. Speical Operations Forces are an elite, spe- tion offered by the gentleman from President Truman and Congress reor- cialized military unit which can be inserted be- North Carolina (Mr. HAYES) that the ganized our Government to meet a very hind the lines to conduct a variety of oper- House suspend the rules and agree to visible enemy in the Cold War. Today ations, many of them clandestine. Special Op- the concurrent resolution, H. Con. Res. our Nation must once again reorganize erations Forces are characterized by ‘‘com- 364, as amended. our Government to protect against an binations of specialized personnel, equipment, The question was taken; and (two- often-invisible enemy, an enemy that training and tactics that go beyond the routine thirds having voted in favor thereof) hides in the shadows and an enemy capabilities of conventional military forces.’’ the rules were suspended and the con- that can strike with many different SOF personnel are carefully selected and un- current resolution, as amended, was types of weapons. Our enemies seek to dergo highly demanding training. U.S. Army agreed to. obtain the most dangerous and deadly SOF include 26,000 soldiers from the Active A motion to reconsider was laid on weapons of mass destruction and use Army, National Guard, and Army Reserve who the table. them against the innocent. While we are organized into Special Forces units, Rang- f are winning the war on terrorism, Al ers units, special operations aviation units, Qaeda and other terrorist organiza- HOMELAND SECURITY ACT OF civil affairs units, psychological operations tions still have thousands of trained 2002—MESSAGE FROM THE PRESI- units, and special operations support units. killers spread across the globe plotting DENT OF THE UNITED STATES Special operations forces and predecessor attacks against America and the other (H. DOC. NO. 107–227) U.S. units have played a role in most U.S. nations of the civilized world. conflicts. In 1985, Congress noted that the The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- Immediately after last fall’s attack, I U.S. SOF provide an immediate and primary fore the House the following message used my legal authority to establish capability to respond to terrorism. from the President of the United the White House Office of Homeland Colonel Aaron Bank is truly a legend. If life States; which was read and, together Security and the Homeland Security were like fiction, Colonel Bank would be the with the accompanying papers, without Council to help ensure that our Federal leading character in one of the most dramatic objection, referred to Union Calendar response and protection efforts were stories of the 20th century. He is called the and ordered to be printed: coordinated and effective. I also di- ‘‘Father of the Green Berets.’’ Colonel Bank To the Congress of the United States: rected Homeland Security Advisor Tom was born in City in November of I hereby transmit to the Congress Ridge to study the Federal Govern- 1902. As a young man he lived in Europe and proposed legislation to create a new ment as a whole to determine if the learned French and Russian. He enlisted in Cabinet Department of Homeland Se- current structure allows us to meet the the U.S. Army in late 1939 and graduated curity. threats of today while preparing for from OCS in 1940. He was commissioned in Our Nation faces a new and changing the unknown threats of tomorrow. the Infantry and served as the Tactical Officer threat unlike any we have faced be- After careful study of the current of a railroad battalion at Camp Polk in Lou- fore—the global threat of terrorism. No structure, coupled with the experience

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 01:36 Jun 19, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K18JN7.070 pfrm09 PsN: H18PT1 H3640 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 18, 2002 gained since September 11 and new in- homeland security by minimizing the from terrorist attacks and natural dis- formation we have learned about our duplication of efforts, improving co- asters. To fulfill these missions, the enemies while fighting a war, I have ordination, and combining functions Department of Homeland Security concluded that our Nation needs a that are currently fragmented and inef- would incorporate the Federal Emer- more unified homeland security struc- ficient. The new department would gency Management Agency (FEMA) as ture. allow us to have more security officers one of its key components. The Depart- I propose to create a new Department in the field working to stop terrorists ment would administer the domestic of Homeland Security by substantially and fewer resources in Washington disaster preparedness grant programs transforming the current confusing managing duplicative activities that for firefighters, police, and emergency patchwork of government activities drain critical homeland security re- personnel currently managed by into a single department whose pri- sources. FEMA, the Department of Justice, and mary mission is to secure our home- The Department of Homeland Secu- the Department of Health and Human land. My proposal builds on the strong rity would have a clear and efficient Services. In responding to an incident, bipartisan work on the issue of home- organizational structure with four the Department would manage such land security that has been conducted main divisions: Border and Transpor- critical response assets as the Nuclear by Members of Congress. In designing tation Security; Emergency Prepared- Emergency Search Team (from the De- the new Department, my Administra- ness and Response; Chemical, Biologi- partment of Energy) and the National tion considered a number of homeland cal, Radiological and Nuclear Counter- Pharmaceutical Stockpile (from the security organizational proposals that measures; and Information Analysis Department of Health and Human have emerged from outside studies, and Infrastructure Protection. Services). Finally, the Department of commissions, and Members of Con- BORDER AND TRANSPORTATION SECURITY Homeland Security would integrate the gress. Terrorism is a global threat and we Federal interagency emergency re- THE NEED FOR A DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND must improve our border security to sponse plans into a single, comprehen- SECURITY help keep out those who mean to do us sive, Government-wide plan, and would Today no Federal Government agen- harm. We must closely monitor who is work to ensure that all response per- cy has homeland security as its pri- coming into and out of our country to sonnel have the equipment and capa- mary mission. Responsibilities for help prevent foreign terrorists from en- bility to communicate with each other homeland security are dispersed among tering our country and bringing in as necessary. more than 100 different entities of the their instruments of terror. At the CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, AND Federal Government. America needs a same time, we must expedite the legal NUCLEAR COUNTERMEASURES unified homeland security structure flow of people and goods on which our Our enemies today seek to acquire that will improve protection against economy depends. Securing our borders and use the most deadly weapons today’s threats and be flexible enough and controlling entry to the United known to mankind—chemical, biologi- to help meet the unknown threats of States has always been the responsi- cal, radiological, and nuclear weapons. the future. bility of the Federal Government. Yet, The new Department of Homeland The mission of the new Department this responsibility and the security of Security would lead the Federal Gov- would be to prevent terrorist attacks our transportation systems is now dis- ernment’s efforts in preparing for and within the United States, to reduce persed among several major Govern- responding to the full range of terrorist America’s vulnerability to terrorism, ment organizations. Under my pro- threats involving weapons of mass de- and to minimize the damage and re- posed legislation, the Department of struction. The Department would set cover from attacks that may occur. Homeland Security would unify au- national policy and establish guide- The Department of Homeland Security thority over major Federal security op- lines for State and local governments. would mobilize and focus the resources erations related to our borders, terri- The Department would direct exercises of the Federal Government, State and torial waters, and transportation sys- for Federal, State, and local chemical, local governments, the private sector, tems. biological, radiological, and nuclear at- and the American people to accomplish The Department would assume re- tack response teams and plans. The De- its mission. sponsibility for the United States partment would consolidate and syn- The Department of Homeland Secu- Coast Guard, the United States Cus- chronize the disparate efforts of mul- rity would make Americans safer be- toms Service, the Immigration and tiple Federal agencies now scattered cause for the first time we would have Naturalization Service (including the across several departments. This would one department dedicated to securing Border Patrol), the Animal and Plant create a single office whose primary the homeland. One department would Health Inspection Service, and the mission is the critical task of securing secure our borders, transportation sec- Transportation Security Administra- the United States from catastrophic tor, ports, and critical infrastructure. tion. The Secretary of Homeland Secu- terrorism. One department would analyze home- rity would have the authority to ad- The Department would improve land security intelligence form mul- minister and enforce all immigration America’s ability to develop tiple sources, synthesize it with a com- and nationality laws, including the diagnostics, vaccines, antibodies, anti- prehensive assessment of America’s visa issuance functions of consular offi- dotes, and other countermeasures vulnerabilities, and take action to se- cers. As a result, the Department against new weapons. It would consoli- cure our highest risk facilities and sys- would have sole responsibility for man- date and prioritize the disparate home- tems. One department would coordi- aging entry into the United States and land security-related research and de- nate communications with State and protecting our transportation infra- velopment programs currently scat- local governments, private industry, structure. It would ensure that all as- tered throughout the executive branch, and the American people about threats pects of border control, including the and the Department would assist State and preparedness. One department issuing of visas, are informed by a cen- and local public safety agencies by would coordinate our efforts to secure tral information-sharing clearinghouse evaluating equipment and setting the American people against bioter- and compatible databases. standards. rorism and other weapons of mass de- EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE INFORMATION ANALYSIS AND INFRASTRUCTURE struction. One department would help Although our top priority is pre- PROTECTION train and equip our first responders. venting future attacks, we must also For the first time the Government One department would manage Federal prepare to minimize the damage and would have under one roof the capa- emergency response activities. recover from attacks that may occur. bility to identify and assess threats to Our goal is not to expand Govern- My legislative proposal requires the the homeland, map those threats ment, but to create an agile organiza- Department of Homeland Security to against our vulnerabilities, issue time- tion that takes advantage of modern ensure the preparedness of our Nation’s ly warnings, and take action to help se- technology and management tech- emergency response professionals, pro- cure the homeland. niques to meet a new and constantly vide the Federal Government’s re- The Information Analysis and Infra- evolving threat. We can improve our sponse, and aid America’s recovery structure Protection division of the

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 01:36 Jun 19, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JN7.027 pfrm09 PsN: H18PT1 June 18, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H3641 new Department of Homeland Security ensure that we are maximizing our Government. We face an urgent need, would complement the reforms on in- ability to secure our homeland. and I am pleased that Congress has re- telligence-gathering and information- CONTINUED INTERAGENCY COORDINATION AT THE sponded to my call to act before the sharing already underway at the FBI WHITE HOUSE end of the current congressional ses- and the CIA. The Department would Even with the creation of the new sion with the same bipartisan spirit analyze information and intelligence Department, there will remain a strong that allowed us to act expeditiously on from the FBI, CIA, and many other need for a White House Office of Home- legislation after September 11. Federal agencies to better understand land Security. Protecting America These are times that demand bipar- the terrorist threat to the American from terrorism will remain a multi-de- tisan action and bipartisan solutions to homeland. partmental issue and will continue to meet the new and changing threats we The Department would comprehen- require interagency coordination. face as a Nation. I urge the Congress to sively assess the vulnerability of Amer- Presidents will continue to require the join me in creating a single, permanent ica’s key assets and critical infrastruc- confidential advice of a Homeland Se- department with an overriding and ur- tures, including food and water sys- curity Advisor, and I intend for the gent mission—securing the homeland tems, agriculture, health systems and White House Office of Homeland Secu- of America and protecting the Amer- emergency services, information and rity and the Homeland Security Coun- ican people. Together we can meet this telecommunications, banking and fi- cil to maintain a strong role in coordi- ambitious deadline and help ensure nance, energy, transportation, the nating our governmentwide efforts to that the American homeland is secure chemical and defense industries, postal secure the homeland. against the terrorist threat. and shipping entities, and national THE LESSONS OF HISTORY GEORGE W. BUSH. monuments and icons. The Department History teaches us that new chal- THE WHITE HOUSE, June 18, 2002. would integrate its own and others’ lenges require new organizational f threat analyses with its comprehensive structures. History also teaches us that SPECIAL ORDERS vulnerability assessment to identify critical security challenges require protective priorities and support pro- clear lines of responsibility and the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without tective steps to be taken by the De- unified effort of the U.S. Government. prejudice to the possible resumption of partment, other Federal departments President Truman said, looking at legislative business, and under the and agenciess, State and local agen- the lessons of the Second World War: Speaker’s announced policy of January cies, and the private sector. Working ‘‘It is now time to discard obsolete or- 3, 2001, and under a previous order of closely with State and local officials, ganizational forms, and to provide for the House, the following Members will other Federal agencies, and the private the future the soundest, the most effec- be recognized for 5 minutes each. sector, the Department would help en- tive, and the most economical kind of f sure that proper steps are taken to pro- structure for our armed forces.’’ When PRESCRIPTION DRUG PLAN tect high-risk potential targets. skeptics told President Truman that OTHER COMPONENTS this proposed reorganization was too The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a In addition to these four core divi- embitious to be enacted, he simply re- previous order of the House, the gen- sions, the submitted legislation would plied that it has to be. In the years to tleman from (Mr. FILNER) is also transfer responsibility for the Se- follow, the Congress acted upon Presi- recognized for 5 minutes. cret Service to the Department of dent Truman’s recommendation, even- Mr. FILNER. Mr. Speaker, I rise Homeland Security. The Secret Serv- tually laying a sound organizational today in support of a true prescription ice, which would report directly to the foundation that enabled the United drug plan that would cover all the sen- Secretary of Homeland Security, would States to win the Cold War. All Ameri- iors in America. Under Medicare, a retain its primary mission to protect cans today enjoy the inheritance of Democratic prescription drug benefit the President and other Government this landmark organizational reform: a would be voluntary and universal. leaders. The Secret Service would, unified Department of Defense that has Every senior would have access, no however, contribute its specialized pro- become the most powerful force for matter where they live or what their tective expertise to the fulfillment of freedom the world has even seen. income. the Department’s core mission. Today America faces a threat that is Soaring prices for prescription drugs Finally, under my legislation, the wholly different from the threat we are putting medicine out of reach for Department of Homeland Security faced during the Cold War. Our ter- millions of seniors. Many of them are would consolidate and streamline rela- rorist enemies hide in shadows and at- being forced to choose between paying tions with the Federal Government for tack civilians with whatever means of for prescription drugs or paying for America’s State and local govern- destruction they can access. But as in food. No older American should be ments. The new Department would the Cold War, meeting this threat re- faced with that decision. contain an intergovernmental affairs quires clear lines of responsibility and The House Republican prescription office to coordinate Federal homeland the unified efforts of government at all drug plan is a sham proposal that pro- security programs with State and local levels—Federal, State, local, and trib- vides no real guarantee at all. Let us officials. It would give State and local al—the private sector, and all Ameri- do the math, Mr. Speaker. Republicans officials one primary contact instead of cans. America needs a homeland secu- argue that they have a $2,500 gap in many when it comes to matters related rity establishment that can help pre- coverage. That gap is bad enough, but to training, equipment, planning, and vent catastrophic attacks and mobilize the reality is even worse. Here is the other critical needs such as emergency national resources for an enduring con- math that will compare apples to ap- response. flict while protecting our Nation’s val- ples. Under the Republican drug plan, The consolidation of the Govern- ues and liberties. the beneficiary pays as follows: a $250 ment’s homeland security efforts as Years from today, our world will still deductible, and then a $150 coinsurance outlined in my proposed legislation can be fighting the threat of terrorism. It for the first $1,000 of drugs, and then a achieve great efficiencies that further is my hope that future generations will $500 coinsurance for the next $1,000 of enhance our security. Yet, to achieve be able to look back on the Homeland drugs. Add that up and that is $900 out- these efficiencies, the new Secretary of Security Act of 2002—as we now re- of-pocket spending for the first $2,000 Homeland Security would require con- member the National Security Act of worth of prescription drugs. siderable flexibility in procurement, 1947—as the solid organizational foun- But that is not the end of it. You integration of information technology dation for America’s triumph in a long then have to calculate how much addi- systems, and personnel issues. My pro- and difficult struggle against a formi- tional money a beneficiary must spend posed legislation provides the Sec- dable enemy. out of pocket to get to the $4,500 out- retary of Homeland Security with just History has given our Nation new of-pocket limit that the Republicans such flexibility and managerial au- challenges—and important new assign- have. That is $3,600. The gap for which thorities. I call upon the Congress to ments. Only the United States Con- the beneficiary is 100 percent on the implement these measures in order to gress can create a new department of hook in the Republican Medicare bill is

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