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appassionato molto bezeichneten Thema ein. Dieses verschiedene Freiluft-Szenen schildern: Dans les bois („Im Thema ist durchsetzt von verschiedenen, teils - Walde“), Dans les champs („Auf dem Felde“), Sur la artigen Passagen. Die peroratio des Solisten bringt montagne („Im Gebirge“) und das quirlige Au village („Im Doppelgriffe, und der Satz endet mit der gehörigen Dorf“). Lebendigkeit. Die atmosphärischen Scènes Poétiques für Orchester Bruce R. Schueneman op. 46 bestehen aus vier kurzen, bukolischen Stücken, die Deutsche Fassung: Cris Posslac Benjamin GODARD

Photo by Ben Wright (1849–1895) Violin Concerto No. 2 Concerto Romantique Scènes Poétiques

Chloë Hanslip, Violin C Slovak State Philharmonic, M Orchestra, Košice Y Chloë Hanslip Kirk Trevor Kirk Trevor K

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Benjamin Godard (1849–1895) werke bald ihre Publikumsgunst einbüßten. Von all seinen Triolenbewegung des Orchesters begleitet. Während der Concerto No. 2 for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 131 Opern hatte die unvollendete „opéra comique“ La Satz im Viervierteltakt begann, ist der kontrastierende Concerto Romantique for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 35 Vivandière den größten Erfolg. Musikalisch folgte Godard Mittelteil im Sechsachteltakt komponiert; hier gibt es Scènes Poétiques for Orchestra, Op. 46 den Traditionen Mendelssohns und Schumanns. Für Doppelgriffe und kurze Läufe, bevor die Musik langsam Wagners übertriebene Rhetorik hatte er wenig übrig, zumal zu dem lyrischen Hauptmaterial im Viervierteltakt und der Benjamin Louis Paul Godard, the son of a businessman, Pablo Casals, the Eroica Trio, and many others. Godard’s er als Jude Wagners Antisemitismus ablehnte. Wie die stetigen Triolenbegleitung zurückkehrt, die dann in der was born in Paris on 18th August, 1849. A child prodigy operatic output also included Dante et Béatrice (1890), älteren Romantiker tat sich Godard in kleinen Formen Coda aufhört. Das abschließende Allegro non troppo ist ein on the violin, Godard studied with Richard Hammer and Jeanne d’Arc (1891), and La Vivandière (1895; unfinished hervor. Der Wissenschaftler Hervey schrieb im 19. lebhafter Satz im Zweivierteltakt, vom Anfang bis zum later . At the age of fourteen (some at his death and completed by ). The conductor Jahrhundert, Godard sei „in kleinen Dingen vielleicht Ende ein rasantes und vergnügliches Rondo. sources say when he was ten) Godard was admitted to the Jules Étienne Pasdeloup admired Godard’s music and größer als in den großen. In einigen seiner Lieder findet Das Concerto Romantique op. 35 ist ein viel älteres Paris Conservatoire and studied composition under Henri allowed Godard to conduct many of his own premières. man einen exquisiten Charme ... während viele seiner Werk und in mancher Hinsicht experimenteller. Hervey Reber. His first published work was a violin written After Pasdeloup’s retirement, Godard created the Concerts Klavierstücke ein eigenes Aroma haben.“ In den letzten schrieb, in diesem Concerto Romantique habe Godards when he was sixteen. In the mid-1860s he twice competed Modernes in an attempt to continue Pasdeloup’s Concerts Jahren ist ein neues Verständnis für die Leistungen Talent „seinen wahren Ausdruck gefunden. Der Kom- unsuccessfully for the Prix de Rome. From this time Populaires, but this lasted only one season (October 1885 entstanden, die Godard auf dem Gebiet der kleinen, ponist dieser Werke ist im Vollbesitz seiner Kräfte, und es forward Godard dedicated himself to composition, first – April 1886). In 1887 he was appointed a professor at the einstmals als Salonmusik abgelehnten Stücke vollbracht ist sicher nicht übertrieben anzunehmen, dass er noch viel writing chamber music (he played viola in several chamber Paris Conservatoire, and in 1889 was made a Chevalier hat. Am besten fasst man Godards Leistungen als zu sagen hat.“ Leider erschien Herveys Buch im Jahre music societies), and numerous piano pieces. He was of the Légion d’honneur. Godard died of tuberculosis at „traditionelle Romantik“ zusammen. 1894, wenige Monate vor Godards frühem Tod. Das erste especially inspired by the music of , and Cannes on 10th January, 1895. Während sich Godard einen großen Teil seiner ungewöhnliche Kennzeichen dieses Konzertes ist, dass es orchestrated Schumann’s Kinderscenen in 1876. In 1878 Godard’s was unquestionably a romantic temperament, kompositorischen Karriere auf andere Instrumente und vier anstelle der üblichen drei Sätze hat. Der erste Satz, his Le Tasse was a joint winner of the prize for musical though more closely aligned with the of the Formen wie die Oper, das Lied und das Klavierstück Allegro moderato, ist zwar von dramatischerem Charakter composition given by the city of Paris. Le Tasse is a three- mid-nineteenth century than with Wagner and Tchaik- konzentrierte, vernachlässigte er doch auch nicht jenes als die andern Sätze, recht kurz aber für einen Kopfsatz, der part dramatic with soli and chorus based on a ovsky; his talent has been compared with the facility and Instrument, auf dem er in seiner Jugend brilliert hatte. doch gern der „schwerste“ und längste Satz ist. Nach einer poem of Charles Grandmougins, which was in turn based manner of Saint-Saëns. His respect and admiration for Seine Violinkonzerte gehören zu seinen besten Werken sechzehntaktigen Orchestereinleitung setzt der Solist on The Damnation of Faust. In succeeding years Godard Robert Schumann has already been noted, as has his und zeigen sowohl seinen Erfindungsgeist als auch seinen fortissimo mit einem äußerst akzentuierten, martialischen composed an enormous amount of music, including three tutelage under Henri Vieuxtemps, one of the great Elan. Das Violinkonzert Nr. 2 op. 131 besteht aus den Thema in Doppelgriffen ein. Nach einem Orchester- programme (Symphonie Gothique, Symphonie romantic violinist-composers of the nineteenth century. traditionellen drei Sätzen. Das Allegro moderato bringt zwischenspiel singt die Geige ein lyrisches Thema; dieses Orientale, and Symphonie Légendaire), three string Godard’s music has sometimes been criticized for vom ersten Takt an einen akkordischen Wechsel von Solo Material führt schließlich zu einem Abschnitt mit der quartets, four violin , a cello sonata, two piano trios, superficiality and “over-hastiness”, and truly he composed und Orchester. Diese Geste wird mit Skalenläufen des Bezeichnung Recitativo, das eine Art begleiteter Kadenz numerous piano pieces, violin and piano concertos, various at a prodigious pace, reaching Opus 100 in 1886 while Solisten und Bruchstücken eines Motivs ausgefüllt, das darstellt. Eine Coda bringt den Satz zum Abschluss. Das orchestral works, and over a hundred songs. Godard is still in his thirties. In romantic fashion his symphonies are eine halbe Note mit Triolen verbindet. Nach einem graziöse Adagio non troppo ist mit der nachfolgenden, chiefly remembered for his operas. His first opera, Les “named”, and his operas contain the soaring melody and ritardando wird das gesangliche Hauptthema eingeführt, Allegro moderato vorzutragenden Canzonetta durch einen bijoux de Jeanette, was produced in 1878; Pedro de romantic sensibility expected of romantic opera, though his zu einem Höhepunkt gesteigert und im forte wiederholt. kurzen, improvisatorischen Teil verbunden. Dabei handelt Zalamea followed in 1884. His next opera, Jocelyn, based stage works quickly fell out of favour. Among his operas, Nach einer kurzen Einlage des Orchesters beginnt der es sich um Godards berühmtesten Konzertsatz, der bis in on a poem of Lamartine, appeared in 1888. Its fame rests the unfinished opéra comique La Vivandière had the Solist mit einer Kadenz, in der doppelte, dreifache und die Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts hinein immer wieder als mainly on the well-known Berceuse, which has been greatest success. Godard’s music follows the traditions vierfache Griffe sowie ein Glissando vorkommen. Die Einzelausgabe oder in Sammelbänden für Geige und arranged for numerous combinations of instruments and/or of Mendelssohn and Schumann, and he had little sympathy thematischen Materialen werden verarbeitet, und der Satz Klavier veröffentlicht wurde. Es ist ein delikater, äußerst voices and remains Godard’s most familiar work. It has for the overblown rhetoric of Wagner, especially since, endet mit der üblichen, schwungvollen Geste. Im akzentuierter Gesang, der seinen zarten Charakter nur kurz been performed by Jussi Björling, John McCormack (in being of Jewish extraction, he disliked Wagner’s anti- anschließenden Adagio quasi andante wird das zunächst zugunsten einer breiteren Lyrik aufgibt. Das abschließende English translation as “Angels Guard Thee” and with the Semitism. Like the early romantics Godard excelled in vom Solohorn angedeutete und dann von der Violine Allegro molto beginnt mit einer dramatischen Exposition violin accompaniment of Fritz Kreisler), Alma Gluck, small forms. The nineteenth-century scholar Hervey wrote übernommene, lyrische Hauptthema durchweg von einer des Orchesters; der Solist tritt mit einem Agitato ed

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Benjamin Godard (1849–1895) that “Godard is perhaps greater in small things than he is “its true expression. The composer of these works is in the Konzert Nr. 2 für Violine und Orchester op. 131 in large. There is an exquisite charm in some of his songs full force of his powers, and it is not too much to state the Concerto Romantique für Violine und Orchester op. 35 … whilst many of his piano pieces have a savour all their belief that he has yet much to say”. Unfortunately Scènes Poétiques für Orchester op. 46 own.” A new appreciation for Godard’s achievement in Hervey’s book was published in 1894, just months before small pieces, once dismissed as salon music, has grown in Godard’s untimely death. The first unorthodox feature of Benjamin Louis Paul Godard wurde am 18. August 1849 Godards populärstes Werk ist. Der Titel wurde von Jussi recent years. Godard’s achievement is best summed up as this concerto is that it has four movements instead of the als Sohn eines Geschäftsmannes in Paris geboren. Das Björling und von John McCormack (in der englischen “traditional romantic”. usual three. The first movement, marked Allegro mod- Wunderkind auf der Violine wurde zunächst von Richard Übersetzung als Angels Guard Thee und zu Fritz Kreislers While focusing much of his compositional career on erato, while of a more dramatic character than the other Hammer und später von Henri Vieuxtemps ausgebildet. Violinbegleitung) sowie von Alma Gluck, Pablo Casals, other forms and instruments such as opera, songs, and movements, is relatively brief for an opening movement, Mit vierzehn (andere Quellen sagen: mit zehn) Jahren kam dem Eroica Trio und vielen andern aufgeführt. Zu Godards piano pieces, Godard did not neglect the instrument on which tend to be the “heaviest” and longest movement. er ans Pariser Conservatoire, wo er bei Henri Reber Bühnenwerken gehören ferner Dante et Béatrice (1890), which he had excelled as a youth. His violin concertos After a sixteen-measure orchestral introduction, the soloist Komposition studierte. Eine Violinsonate, die er als Jeanne d’Arc (1891) und La Vivandière, die er bei seinem are among his very best works and display both enters fortissimo with a highly accented martial theme in Sechzehnjähriger geschrieben hatte, war seine erste Tode 1895 unvollendet hinterließ und die Paul Vidal inventiveness and élan. The Violin Concerto No. 2, Op. double stops. After an orchestral interlude, the violin sings Veröffentlichung. Mitte der sechziger Jahre bewarb er sich beendete. Der Dirigent Jules Étienne Pasdeloup 131, is in the traditional three movements. The opening a lyric theme; these materials eventually lead to a section zweimal vergeblich um den Prix de Rome. Von dieser Zeit bewunderte Godards Musik und ließ ihn viele Werke selbst Allegro moderato features alternating chords by soloist marked Recitativo, which is in the nature of an accom- an widmete sich Godard dem Komponieren – zunächst in uraufführen. Nachdem sich Pasdeloup zur Ruhe gesetzt and orchestra from the first measure; this gesture is fleshed panied cadenza. A coda brings the movement to a close. zahlreichen Klavierstücken und einer Reihe kammer- hatte, rief Godard die Concerts Modernes ins Leben, mit out with scale runs by the soloist and snatches of a motif The graceful Adagio non troppo is connected to the musikalischer Werke (er war Bratscher in mehreren denen er Pasdeloups Concerts Populaires fortzusetzen consisting of a half note and triplets. The main lyric theme following Canzonetta, marked Allegro moderato, by a Kammermusikvereinigungen). Vor allem inspirierte ihn versuchte, doch diese erlebten nur eine Spielzeit (Oktober enters after a ritardando; this is worked to a climax and short improvisatory section. This is Godard’s most famous die Musik von Robert Schumann, dessen Kinderszenen er 1885 bis April 1886). Im Jahre 1887 wurde Godard repeated forte. After a brief orchestral statement, the concerto movement, and until the mid-twentieth-century 1876 orchestrierte. 1878 teilte er sich mit einem Kollegen Professor am Pariser Conservatoire, und 1889 wurde er soloist launches into a cadenza featuring double, triple, was often published by itself or in collections in violin and den Kompositionspreis des Concours de la Ville de Paris. Ritter der französischen Ehrenlegion. Godard starb am 10. and quadruple stops as well as a glissando run. The piano arrangement. It is a delicate and highly accented Ausgezeichnet wurde damit seine dreiteilige dramatische Januar 1895 in Cannes an Tuberkulose. thematic materials are reworked and the movement ends song, only briefly discarding its gossamer character for Symphonie La Tasse für Soli, Chor und Orchester auf ein Godard war zweifellos ein romantisches Temperament, with the usual flourish. The following Adagio quasi more sustained lyricism. The final Allegro molto opens Gedicht von Charles Grandmougins, das seinerseits auf für das aber eher die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts als Wagner andante features a steady triplet orchestral accompaniment with a dramatic statement in the orchestra; the soloist Fausts Verdammung zurückging. In den nächsten Jahren und Tschaikowsky Leitlinien waren. Man hat seine underneath the main lyric melody, at first alluded to by enters with a theme marked Agitato ed appassionato molto. schrieb Godard eine enorme Menge an Musik, darunter Begabung mit der flüssigen Arbeitsweise und Manier von solo horn, and then taken up fully by solo violinist. The This theme is interspersed with passage-work, some of drei programmatische Symphonien (Symphonie Gothique, Camille Saint-Saëns verglichen. Von seinem Respekt und contrasting midsection, in 6/8 time rather than the 4/4 of scherzo-like character. The soloist’s final peroration Symphonie Orientale und Symphonie Légendaire), drei seiner Bewunderung für Robert Schumann war bereits the movement’s beginning, contains double-stopping and features double-stops and the movement ends with Streichquartette, vier Violinsonaten, eine Cellosonate, zwei ebenso die Rede wie von seiner Ausbildung durch Henri short runs, then slowly returns to the 4/4 main lyric appropriate high spirits. Klaviertrios, zahlreiche Klavierstücke, Konzerte für Vieuxtemps, einen der großen romantischen Geiger- material and the steady triplet accompaniment, which The atmospheric Scènes Poétiques for Orchestra, Op. Violine und für Klavier, verschiedene Orchesterwerke Komponisten des 19. Jahrhunderts. Godards Musik wurde accompaniment is finally discarded in the coda. The final 46, contains four short bucolic pieces depicting various sowie über einhundert Lieder. In Erinnerung ist er vor bisweilen als oberflächlich und „übereilt“ kritisiert, und Allegro non troppo is a bouncy movement in 2/4 time, a outdoor scenes: Dans les bois (In the woods), Dans les allem durch seine Opern geblieben. Sein erstes tatsächlich hat er in einem verblüffenden Tempo delightful rondo romp from beginning to end. champs (In the fields), Sur la montagne (On the mountain), Bühnenwerk, Les bijoux de Jeanette, wurde 1878 komponiert: Schon 1886, mithin als nicht einmal The Concerto Romantique, Op. 35, is a much earlier and the bustling Au village (In the village). inszeniert. 1884 folgte Pedro de Zalamea. Die nächste Vierzigjähriger, erreichte er die Opuszahl 100. Ganz in work and in some ways more experimental. Hervey wrote Oper, Jocelyn, nach einem Gedicht von Lamartine, der Art der Romantik gab er seinen Symphonien „Namen“, that in the Concerto Romantique Godard’s talent found Bruce R. Schueneman erschien 1888. Berühmt wurde hier vor allem die bekannte und in seinen Opern findet man die schwingende Melodik Berceuse, die für zahlreiche Instrumentalkombinationen und die romantische Sensibilität, die man von einer und/oder Singstimmen arrangiert wurde und noch heute romantischen Oper erwartete, wenngleich seine Bühnen-

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Chloë Hanslip been collaboration with leading soloists and conductors in a repertoire that ranges from the baroque to the contemporary. Admired for her exceptional musicality as well as her virtuosity, twenty-year-old British violinist Chloë Hanslip is Since 1991 the Slovak State Philharmonic Orchestra, Košice has been the only orchestra in the Slovak republic to hold already established as an international artist of distinction. Her recent recording for Naxos, of the John Adams Violin two international festivals, the Košice Music Spring Festival and the International Organ Festival of Ivan Sokol. Since Concerto with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra under Leonard Slatkin, entered the UK Classical Charts at number 2, 2003 the orchestra has also organized the Festival of Contemporary Art. The music director of the orchestra is Jerzy and Philip Clark, writing in The Gramophone, concluded that “Playing like this should secure Chloë Hanslip’s reputation Swoboda. for life”. Her two earlier CDs with the London Symphony Orchestra for Warner Classics, won her, respectively, the German “Echo Klassik Award for Best Newcomer” in 2002, and “Young British Classical Performer” at the Classical Kirk Trevor BRITS 2003. Chloë Hanslip made her BBC Proms début in 2002, her United States concerto début in 2003, and has Kirk Trevor, internationally known conductor and teacher, is a regular guest conductor in the world’s concert halls. Music performed in major venues in Britain (Barbican, Royal Festival Hall, Royal Albert Hall, Wigmore Hall), Europe (Vienna Director of the Knoxville Symphony Orchestra from 1985 until 2003, the Indianapolis Chamber Orchestra since 1988, Musikverein, Munich Gasteig, Prague Rudolfinum, Louvre and Salle Gaveau, Paris, and the Hermitage in St Petersburg) and the Missouri Symphony since 2000, he has forged a strong musical partnership with three of America’s leading as well as Carnegie Hall, and the Seoul Arts Centre. Orchestras she has performed with include the Philharmonia, regional orchestras. Born and educated in England, he trained at London’s Guildhall School of Music where he graduated London, Bournemouth and Royal Scottish National Symphony Orchestras, Royal Liverpool and BBC Philharmonic cum laude in cello performance and conducting. He was a conducting student of the late Sir Adrian Boult and Vilém Orchestras, Academy of St Martin-in-the-Fields, English Chamber Orchestra, London Mozart Players, Bavarian Radio Tausky. He went on to pursue cello studies in France with Paul Tortelier under a British Council Scholarship and Symphony Orchestra, Belgrade Philharmonic, Czech, Lithuanian and Russian National Symphony Orchestras, and the moved to the United States on a Fulbright Exchange Grant. It was there that his conducting skills led him in 1982 to Malaysian, Seattle and Tokyo Symphony Orchestras. Conductor collaborations include Sir Andrew Davis, Mariss the Exxon Arts Endowment Conductor position with the Dallas Symphony. In 1990 he was recognized as one of Jansons, Leonard Slatkin, Leif Segerstam, Libor Pešek, Tamás Vásáry, Raymond Leppard, Paul Daniel, Paavo Järvi and America’s outstanding young conductors, winning the American Symphony Orchestra League’s Leonard Bernstein Kristjan Järvi. Chloë Hanslip’s teachers have included Natasha Boyarskaya, Zakhar Bron, the Russian pedagogue, who Conducting Competition that led to performances with the National Symphony Orchestra at the Kennedy Center. From was her mentor for ten years, Salvatore Accardo, and Gerhard Schulz of the Alban Berg Quartet. At ten she appeared as 1995 to 1999 he was Chief Conductor of the Martinu˚ Philharmonic Orchestra in the Czech Republic, and in 2000 the “infant prodigy violinist” in Ralph Fiennes’ film adaptation of Pushkin’s Evgeny Onegin, and made a significant forged a new relationship with the famed Slovak Radio Symphony Orchestra (SRSO) in Bratislava. With the SRSO contribution to Maxim Vengerov’s Master Class, shown on Channel 4 as part of the documentary Playing by Heart. In he began a new series of recordings of American music for various record companies.To date, he has made 51 albums recent years, chamber music has become an integral part of her life. She is a regular participant in Open Chamber Music of new American music. In 2003 he was appointed Principal Guest Conductor of the orchestra and took them on a three- at Prussia Cove, working with Steven Isserlis and Gerhard Schulz, and a regular performer at the Kuhmo Chamber week tour of Japan as well as many other concerts throughout Europe. In the spring of 2004 Kirk Trevor led the Music Festival in Finland. In 2005 she received a personal invitation from Seiji Ozawa to attend his inaugural Chamber orchestra on the European Première tour of Oratorio Terezin, a new oratorio based on the poems of the children of Music Festival in Blonay, Switzerland, which was subsequently extended to 2006 and 2007. Terezin, the Nazi work camp where thousands of children of Jewish artists and intelligentsia were killed. He has recently recorded symphonies by Dvorˇák and Mahler with the SRSO, as well as recording movie scores for Hollywood Slovak State Philharmonic Orchestra, Košice and music for major computer games. As a guest conductor, he has appeared on the podiums of more than forty The Slovak State Philharmonic Orchestra, Košice was established in 1968 as the second professional symphonic orchestras worldwide including the London Symphony Orchestra, and orchestras in Hong Kong, Canada, Israel, Spain, orchestra in Slovakia. It is based in Košice, the capital of Eastern Slovakia, a city with a population of over a quarter Brazil, Venezuela, Mexico and throughout the United States. As much in demand as a conducting teacher as a performer, of a million. Košice is a seat of the Constitutional Court, and has four universities, numerous research institutes, theatres, Kirk Trevor was Director of Orchestral Studies at the University of Tennessee and has been a guest teacher at universities galleries and museums. The first concert of the newly founded orchestra was given in April 1969 under the then chief and conservatories throughout the world. Since 1991 he has been Director of the International Workshop for Conductors conductor Bystrík Režucha. In a short time the orchestra won wide recognition among both professional and general held each year in the Czech Republic. For the 2005/6 season he was Director of Orchestras at Ball State University as audiences and became one of the leading representatives of Slovak music in Slovakia and abroad. The nearly ninety- well as teacher of graduate conducting. strong ensemble includes professional musicians who are graduates of conservatories and famous music academies. Great success has been achieved with concerts in many European countries and also in leading cities in Asia. The orchestra has performed at international music festivals held in important cultural centres of the world, including Vienna, Salzburg, Berlin, Budapest, Prague, Antwerp, Lisbon, Barcelona, Athens, Rheims, Hong Kong, Luxemburg, and New York. In 1994 the orchestra undertook a month-long tour of the United States, marking the first appearance of the orchestra in America. In addition to performance for radio and television, there have been more than 130 compact disc recordings, many of them for Naxos and Marco Polo, and often including rare repertoire, as well as participating in the Marco Polo recordings of the complete instrumental work of the younger Johann Strauss and of his brother Josef Strauss. There has

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Chloë Hanslip been collaboration with leading soloists and conductors in a repertoire that ranges from the baroque to the contemporary. Admired for her exceptional musicality as well as her virtuosity, twenty-year-old British violinist Chloë Hanslip is Since 1991 the Slovak State Philharmonic Orchestra, Košice has been the only orchestra in the Slovak republic to hold already established as an international artist of distinction. Her recent recording for Naxos, of the John Adams Violin two international festivals, the Košice Music Spring Festival and the International Organ Festival of Ivan Sokol. Since Concerto with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra under Leonard Slatkin, entered the UK Classical Charts at number 2, 2003 the orchestra has also organized the Festival of Contemporary Art. The music director of the orchestra is Jerzy and Philip Clark, writing in The Gramophone, concluded that “Playing like this should secure Chloë Hanslip’s reputation Swoboda. for life”. Her two earlier CDs with the London Symphony Orchestra for Warner Classics, won her, respectively, the German “Echo Klassik Award for Best Newcomer” in 2002, and “Young British Classical Performer” at the Classical Kirk Trevor BRITS 2003. Chloë Hanslip made her BBC Proms début in 2002, her United States concerto début in 2003, and has Kirk Trevor, internationally known conductor and teacher, is a regular guest conductor in the world’s concert halls. Music performed in major venues in Britain (Barbican, Royal Festival Hall, Royal Albert Hall, Wigmore Hall), Europe (Vienna Director of the Knoxville Symphony Orchestra from 1985 until 2003, the Indianapolis Chamber Orchestra since 1988, Musikverein, Munich Gasteig, Prague Rudolfinum, Louvre and Salle Gaveau, Paris, and the Hermitage in St Petersburg) and the Missouri Symphony since 2000, he has forged a strong musical partnership with three of America’s leading as well as Carnegie Hall, and the Seoul Arts Centre. Orchestras she has performed with include the Philharmonia, regional orchestras. Born and educated in England, he trained at London’s Guildhall School of Music where he graduated London, Bournemouth and Royal Scottish National Symphony Orchestras, Royal Liverpool and BBC Philharmonic cum laude in cello performance and conducting. He was a conducting student of the late Sir Adrian Boult and Vilém Orchestras, Academy of St Martin-in-the-Fields, English Chamber Orchestra, London Mozart Players, Bavarian Radio Tausky. He went on to pursue cello studies in France with Paul Tortelier under a British Council Scholarship and Symphony Orchestra, Belgrade Philharmonic, Czech, Lithuanian and Russian National Symphony Orchestras, and the moved to the United States on a Fulbright Exchange Grant. It was there that his conducting skills led him in 1982 to Malaysian, Seattle and Tokyo Symphony Orchestras. Conductor collaborations include Sir Andrew Davis, Mariss the Exxon Arts Endowment Conductor position with the Dallas Symphony. In 1990 he was recognized as one of Jansons, Leonard Slatkin, Leif Segerstam, Libor Pešek, Tamás Vásáry, Raymond Leppard, Paul Daniel, Paavo Järvi and America’s outstanding young conductors, winning the American Symphony Orchestra League’s Leonard Bernstein Kristjan Järvi. Chloë Hanslip’s teachers have included Natasha Boyarskaya, Zakhar Bron, the Russian pedagogue, who Conducting Competition that led to performances with the National Symphony Orchestra at the Kennedy Center. From was her mentor for ten years, Salvatore Accardo, and Gerhard Schulz of the Alban Berg Quartet. At ten she appeared as 1995 to 1999 he was Chief Conductor of the Martinu˚ Philharmonic Orchestra in the Czech Republic, and in 2000 the “infant prodigy violinist” in Ralph Fiennes’ film adaptation of Pushkin’s Evgeny Onegin, and made a significant forged a new relationship with the famed Slovak Radio Symphony Orchestra (SRSO) in Bratislava. With the SRSO contribution to Maxim Vengerov’s Master Class, shown on Channel 4 as part of the documentary Playing by Heart. In he began a new series of recordings of American music for various record companies.To date, he has made 51 albums recent years, chamber music has become an integral part of her life. She is a regular participant in Open Chamber Music of new American music. In 2003 he was appointed Principal Guest Conductor of the orchestra and took them on a three- at Prussia Cove, working with Steven Isserlis and Gerhard Schulz, and a regular performer at the Kuhmo Chamber week tour of Japan as well as many other concerts throughout Europe. In the spring of 2004 Kirk Trevor led the Music Festival in Finland. In 2005 she received a personal invitation from Seiji Ozawa to attend his inaugural Chamber orchestra on the European Première tour of Oratorio Terezin, a new oratorio based on the poems of the children of Music Festival in Blonay, Switzerland, which was subsequently extended to 2006 and 2007. Terezin, the Nazi work camp where thousands of children of Jewish artists and intelligentsia were killed. He has recently recorded symphonies by Dvorˇák and Mahler with the SRSO, as well as recording movie scores for Hollywood Slovak State Philharmonic Orchestra, Košice and music for major computer games. As a guest conductor, he has appeared on the podiums of more than forty The Slovak State Philharmonic Orchestra, Košice was established in 1968 as the second professional symphonic orchestras worldwide including the London Symphony Orchestra, and orchestras in Hong Kong, Canada, Israel, Spain, orchestra in Slovakia. It is based in Košice, the capital of Eastern Slovakia, a city with a population of over a quarter Brazil, Venezuela, Mexico and throughout the United States. As much in demand as a conducting teacher as a performer, of a million. Košice is a seat of the Constitutional Court, and has four universities, numerous research institutes, theatres, Kirk Trevor was Director of Orchestral Studies at the University of Tennessee and has been a guest teacher at universities galleries and museums. The first concert of the newly founded orchestra was given in April 1969 under the then chief and conservatories throughout the world. Since 1991 he has been Director of the International Workshop for Conductors conductor Bystrík Režucha. In a short time the orchestra won wide recognition among both professional and general held each year in the Czech Republic. For the 2005/6 season he was Director of Orchestras at Ball State University as audiences and became one of the leading representatives of Slovak music in Slovakia and abroad. The nearly ninety- well as teacher of graduate conducting. strong ensemble includes professional musicians who are graduates of conservatories and famous music academies. Great success has been achieved with concerts in many European countries and also in leading cities in Asia. The orchestra has performed at international music festivals held in important cultural centres of the world, including Vienna, Salzburg, Berlin, Budapest, Prague, Antwerp, Lisbon, Barcelona, Athens, Rheims, Hong Kong, Luxemburg, and New York. In 1994 the orchestra undertook a month-long tour of the United States, marking the first appearance of the orchestra in America. In addition to performance for radio and television, there have been more than 130 compact disc recordings, many of them for Naxos and Marco Polo, and often including rare repertoire, as well as participating in the Marco Polo recordings of the complete instrumental work of the younger Johann Strauss and of his brother Josef Strauss. There has

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Benjamin Godard (1849–1895) that “Godard is perhaps greater in small things than he is “its true expression. The composer of these works is in the Konzert Nr. 2 für Violine und Orchester op. 131 in large. There is an exquisite charm in some of his songs full force of his powers, and it is not too much to state the Concerto Romantique für Violine und Orchester op. 35 … whilst many of his piano pieces have a savour all their belief that he has yet much to say”. Unfortunately Scènes Poétiques für Orchester op. 46 own.” A new appreciation for Godard’s achievement in Hervey’s book was published in 1894, just months before small pieces, once dismissed as salon music, has grown in Godard’s untimely death. The first unorthodox feature of Benjamin Louis Paul Godard wurde am 18. August 1849 Godards populärstes Werk ist. Der Titel wurde von Jussi recent years. Godard’s achievement is best summed up as this concerto is that it has four movements instead of the als Sohn eines Geschäftsmannes in Paris geboren. Das Björling und von John McCormack (in der englischen “traditional romantic”. usual three. The first movement, marked Allegro mod- Wunderkind auf der Violine wurde zunächst von Richard Übersetzung als Angels Guard Thee und zu Fritz Kreislers While focusing much of his compositional career on erato, while of a more dramatic character than the other Hammer und später von Henri Vieuxtemps ausgebildet. Violinbegleitung) sowie von Alma Gluck, Pablo Casals, other forms and instruments such as opera, songs, and movements, is relatively brief for an opening movement, Mit vierzehn (andere Quellen sagen: mit zehn) Jahren kam dem Eroica Trio und vielen andern aufgeführt. Zu Godards piano pieces, Godard did not neglect the instrument on which tend to be the “heaviest” and longest movement. er ans Pariser Conservatoire, wo er bei Henri Reber Bühnenwerken gehören ferner Dante et Béatrice (1890), which he had excelled as a youth. His violin concertos After a sixteen-measure orchestral introduction, the soloist Komposition studierte. Eine Violinsonate, die er als Jeanne d’Arc (1891) und La Vivandière, die er bei seinem are among his very best works and display both enters fortissimo with a highly accented martial theme in Sechzehnjähriger geschrieben hatte, war seine erste Tode 1895 unvollendet hinterließ und die Paul Vidal inventiveness and élan. The Violin Concerto No. 2, Op. double stops. After an orchestral interlude, the violin sings Veröffentlichung. Mitte der sechziger Jahre bewarb er sich beendete. Der Dirigent Jules Étienne Pasdeloup 131, is in the traditional three movements. The opening a lyric theme; these materials eventually lead to a section zweimal vergeblich um den Prix de Rome. Von dieser Zeit bewunderte Godards Musik und ließ ihn viele Werke selbst Allegro moderato features alternating chords by soloist marked Recitativo, which is in the nature of an accom- an widmete sich Godard dem Komponieren – zunächst in uraufführen. Nachdem sich Pasdeloup zur Ruhe gesetzt and orchestra from the first measure; this gesture is fleshed panied cadenza. A coda brings the movement to a close. zahlreichen Klavierstücken und einer Reihe kammer- hatte, rief Godard die Concerts Modernes ins Leben, mit out with scale runs by the soloist and snatches of a motif The graceful Adagio non troppo is connected to the musikalischer Werke (er war Bratscher in mehreren denen er Pasdeloups Concerts Populaires fortzusetzen consisting of a half note and triplets. The main lyric theme following Canzonetta, marked Allegro moderato, by a Kammermusikvereinigungen). Vor allem inspirierte ihn versuchte, doch diese erlebten nur eine Spielzeit (Oktober enters after a ritardando; this is worked to a climax and short improvisatory section. This is Godard’s most famous die Musik von Robert Schumann, dessen Kinderszenen er 1885 bis April 1886). Im Jahre 1887 wurde Godard repeated forte. After a brief orchestral statement, the concerto movement, and until the mid-twentieth-century 1876 orchestrierte. 1878 teilte er sich mit einem Kollegen Professor am Pariser Conservatoire, und 1889 wurde er soloist launches into a cadenza featuring double, triple, was often published by itself or in collections in violin and den Kompositionspreis des Concours de la Ville de Paris. Ritter der französischen Ehrenlegion. Godard starb am 10. and quadruple stops as well as a glissando run. The piano arrangement. It is a delicate and highly accented Ausgezeichnet wurde damit seine dreiteilige dramatische Januar 1895 in Cannes an Tuberkulose. thematic materials are reworked and the movement ends song, only briefly discarding its gossamer character for Symphonie La Tasse für Soli, Chor und Orchester auf ein Godard war zweifellos ein romantisches Temperament, with the usual flourish. The following Adagio quasi more sustained lyricism. The final Allegro molto opens Gedicht von Charles Grandmougins, das seinerseits auf für das aber eher die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts als Wagner andante features a steady triplet orchestral accompaniment with a dramatic statement in the orchestra; the soloist Fausts Verdammung zurückging. In den nächsten Jahren und Tschaikowsky Leitlinien waren. Man hat seine underneath the main lyric melody, at first alluded to by enters with a theme marked Agitato ed appassionato molto. schrieb Godard eine enorme Menge an Musik, darunter Begabung mit der flüssigen Arbeitsweise und Manier von solo horn, and then taken up fully by solo violinist. The This theme is interspersed with passage-work, some of drei programmatische Symphonien (Symphonie Gothique, Camille Saint-Saëns verglichen. Von seinem Respekt und contrasting midsection, in 6/8 time rather than the 4/4 of scherzo-like character. The soloist’s final peroration Symphonie Orientale und Symphonie Légendaire), drei seiner Bewunderung für Robert Schumann war bereits the movement’s beginning, contains double-stopping and features double-stops and the movement ends with Streichquartette, vier Violinsonaten, eine Cellosonate, zwei ebenso die Rede wie von seiner Ausbildung durch Henri short runs, then slowly returns to the 4/4 main lyric appropriate high spirits. Klaviertrios, zahlreiche Klavierstücke, Konzerte für Vieuxtemps, einen der großen romantischen Geiger- material and the steady triplet accompaniment, which The atmospheric Scènes Poétiques for Orchestra, Op. Violine und für Klavier, verschiedene Orchesterwerke Komponisten des 19. Jahrhunderts. Godards Musik wurde accompaniment is finally discarded in the coda. The final 46, contains four short bucolic pieces depicting various sowie über einhundert Lieder. In Erinnerung ist er vor bisweilen als oberflächlich und „übereilt“ kritisiert, und Allegro non troppo is a bouncy movement in 2/4 time, a outdoor scenes: Dans les bois (In the woods), Dans les allem durch seine Opern geblieben. Sein erstes tatsächlich hat er in einem verblüffenden Tempo delightful rondo romp from beginning to end. champs (In the fields), Sur la montagne (On the mountain), Bühnenwerk, Les bijoux de Jeanette, wurde 1878 komponiert: Schon 1886, mithin als nicht einmal The Concerto Romantique, Op. 35, is a much earlier and the bustling Au village (In the village). inszeniert. 1884 folgte Pedro de Zalamea. Die nächste Vierzigjähriger, erreichte er die Opuszahl 100. Ganz in work and in some ways more experimental. Hervey wrote Oper, Jocelyn, nach einem Gedicht von Lamartine, der Art der Romantik gab er seinen Symphonien „Namen“, that in the Concerto Romantique Godard’s talent found Bruce R. Schueneman erschien 1888. Berühmt wurde hier vor allem die bekannte und in seinen Opern findet man die schwingende Melodik Berceuse, die für zahlreiche Instrumentalkombinationen und die romantische Sensibilität, die man von einer und/oder Singstimmen arrangiert wurde und noch heute romantischen Oper erwartete, wenngleich seine Bühnen-

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Benjamin Godard (1849–1895) werke bald ihre Publikumsgunst einbüßten. Von all seinen Triolenbewegung des Orchesters begleitet. Während der Concerto No. 2 for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 131 Opern hatte die unvollendete „opéra comique“ La Satz im Viervierteltakt begann, ist der kontrastierende Concerto Romantique for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 35 Vivandière den größten Erfolg. Musikalisch folgte Godard Mittelteil im Sechsachteltakt komponiert; hier gibt es Scènes Poétiques for Orchestra, Op. 46 den Traditionen Mendelssohns und Schumanns. Für Doppelgriffe und kurze Läufe, bevor die Musik langsam Wagners übertriebene Rhetorik hatte er wenig übrig, zumal zu dem lyrischen Hauptmaterial im Viervierteltakt und der Benjamin Louis Paul Godard, the son of a businessman, Pablo Casals, the Eroica Trio, and many others. Godard’s er als Jude Wagners Antisemitismus ablehnte. Wie die stetigen Triolenbegleitung zurückkehrt, die dann in der was born in Paris on 18th August, 1849. A child prodigy operatic output also included Dante et Béatrice (1890), älteren Romantiker tat sich Godard in kleinen Formen Coda aufhört. Das abschließende Allegro non troppo ist ein on the violin, Godard studied with Richard Hammer and Jeanne d’Arc (1891), and La Vivandière (1895; unfinished hervor. Der Wissenschaftler Hervey schrieb im 19. lebhafter Satz im Zweivierteltakt, vom Anfang bis zum later Henri Vieuxtemps. At the age of fourteen (some at his death and completed by Paul Vidal). The conductor Jahrhundert, Godard sei „in kleinen Dingen vielleicht Ende ein rasantes und vergnügliches Rondo. sources say when he was ten) Godard was admitted to the Jules Étienne Pasdeloup admired Godard’s music and größer als in den großen. In einigen seiner Lieder findet Das Concerto Romantique op. 35 ist ein viel älteres Paris Conservatoire and studied composition under Henri allowed Godard to conduct many of his own premières. man einen exquisiten Charme ... während viele seiner Werk und in mancher Hinsicht experimenteller. Hervey Reber. His first published work was a violin sonata written After Pasdeloup’s retirement, Godard created the Concerts Klavierstücke ein eigenes Aroma haben.“ In den letzten schrieb, in diesem Concerto Romantique habe Godards when he was sixteen. In the mid-1860s he twice competed Modernes in an attempt to continue Pasdeloup’s Concerts Jahren ist ein neues Verständnis für die Leistungen Talent „seinen wahren Ausdruck gefunden. Der Kom- unsuccessfully for the Prix de Rome. From this time Populaires, but this lasted only one season (October 1885 entstanden, die Godard auf dem Gebiet der kleinen, ponist dieser Werke ist im Vollbesitz seiner Kräfte, und es forward Godard dedicated himself to composition, first – April 1886). In 1887 he was appointed a professor at the einstmals als Salonmusik abgelehnten Stücke vollbracht ist sicher nicht übertrieben anzunehmen, dass er noch viel writing chamber music (he played viola in several chamber Paris Conservatoire, and in 1889 was made a Chevalier hat. Am besten fasst man Godards Leistungen als zu sagen hat.“ Leider erschien Herveys Buch im Jahre music societies), and numerous piano pieces. He was of the Légion d’honneur. Godard died of tuberculosis at „traditionelle Romantik“ zusammen. 1894, wenige Monate vor Godards frühem Tod. Das erste especially inspired by the music of Robert Schumann, and Cannes on 10th January, 1895. Während sich Godard einen großen Teil seiner ungewöhnliche Kennzeichen dieses Konzertes ist, dass es orchestrated Schumann’s Kinderscenen in 1876. In 1878 Godard’s was unquestionably a romantic temperament, kompositorischen Karriere auf andere Instrumente und vier anstelle der üblichen drei Sätze hat. Der erste Satz, his Le Tasse was a joint winner of the prize for musical though more closely aligned with the romanticism of the Formen wie die Oper, das Lied und das Klavierstück Allegro moderato, ist zwar von dramatischerem Charakter composition given by the city of Paris. Le Tasse is a three- mid-nineteenth century than with Wagner and Tchaik- konzentrierte, vernachlässigte er doch auch nicht jenes als die andern Sätze, recht kurz aber für einen Kopfsatz, der part dramatic symphony with soli and chorus based on a ovsky; his talent has been compared with the facility and Instrument, auf dem er in seiner Jugend brilliert hatte. doch gern der „schwerste“ und längste Satz ist. Nach einer poem of Charles Grandmougins, which was in turn based manner of Saint-Saëns. His respect and admiration for Seine Violinkonzerte gehören zu seinen besten Werken sechzehntaktigen Orchestereinleitung setzt der Solist on The Damnation of Faust. In succeeding years Godard Robert Schumann has already been noted, as has his und zeigen sowohl seinen Erfindungsgeist als auch seinen fortissimo mit einem äußerst akzentuierten, martialischen composed an enormous amount of music, including three tutelage under Henri Vieuxtemps, one of the great Elan. Das Violinkonzert Nr. 2 op. 131 besteht aus den Thema in Doppelgriffen ein. Nach einem Orchester- programme symphonies (Symphonie Gothique, Symphonie romantic violinist-composers of the nineteenth century. traditionellen drei Sätzen. Das Allegro moderato bringt zwischenspiel singt die Geige ein lyrisches Thema; dieses Orientale, and Symphonie Légendaire), three string Godard’s music has sometimes been criticized for vom ersten Takt an einen akkordischen Wechsel von Solo Material führt schließlich zu einem Abschnitt mit der quartets, four violin sonatas, a cello sonata, two piano trios, superficiality and “over-hastiness”, and truly he composed und Orchester. Diese Geste wird mit Skalenläufen des Bezeichnung Recitativo, das eine Art begleiteter Kadenz numerous piano pieces, violin and piano concertos, various at a prodigious pace, reaching Opus 100 in 1886 while Solisten und Bruchstücken eines Motivs ausgefüllt, das darstellt. Eine Coda bringt den Satz zum Abschluss. Das orchestral works, and over a hundred songs. Godard is still in his thirties. In romantic fashion his symphonies are eine halbe Note mit Triolen verbindet. Nach einem graziöse Adagio non troppo ist mit der nachfolgenden, chiefly remembered for his operas. His first opera, Les “named”, and his operas contain the soaring melody and ritardando wird das gesangliche Hauptthema eingeführt, Allegro moderato vorzutragenden Canzonetta durch einen bijoux de Jeanette, was produced in 1878; Pedro de romantic sensibility expected of romantic opera, though his zu einem Höhepunkt gesteigert und im forte wiederholt. kurzen, improvisatorischen Teil verbunden. Dabei handelt Zalamea followed in 1884. His next opera, Jocelyn, based stage works quickly fell out of favour. Among his operas, Nach einer kurzen Einlage des Orchesters beginnt der es sich um Godards berühmtesten Konzertsatz, der bis in on a poem of Lamartine, appeared in 1888. Its fame rests the unfinished opéra comique La Vivandière had the Solist mit einer Kadenz, in der doppelte, dreifache und die Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts hinein immer wieder als mainly on the well-known Berceuse, which has been greatest success. Godard’s music follows the traditions vierfache Griffe sowie ein Glissando vorkommen. Die Einzelausgabe oder in Sammelbänden für Geige und arranged for numerous combinations of instruments and/or of Mendelssohn and Schumann, and he had little sympathy thematischen Materialen werden verarbeitet, und der Satz Klavier veröffentlicht wurde. Es ist ein delikater, äußerst voices and remains Godard’s most familiar work. It has for the overblown rhetoric of Wagner, especially since, endet mit der üblichen, schwungvollen Geste. Im akzentuierter Gesang, der seinen zarten Charakter nur kurz been performed by Jussi Björling, John McCormack (in being of Jewish extraction, he disliked Wagner’s anti- anschließenden Adagio quasi andante wird das zunächst zugunsten einer breiteren Lyrik aufgibt. Das abschließende English translation as “Angels Guard Thee” and with the Semitism. Like the early romantics Godard excelled in vom Solohorn angedeutete und dann von der Violine Allegro molto beginnt mit einer dramatischen Exposition violin accompaniment of Fritz Kreisler), Alma Gluck, small forms. The nineteenth-century scholar Hervey wrote übernommene, lyrische Hauptthema durchweg von einer des Orchesters; der Solist tritt mit einem Agitato ed

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appassionato molto bezeichneten Thema ein. Dieses verschiedene Freiluft-Szenen schildern: Dans les bois („Im Thema ist durchsetzt von verschiedenen, teils scherzo- Walde“), Dans les champs („Auf dem Felde“), Sur la artigen Passagen. Die peroratio des Solisten bringt montagne („Im Gebirge“) und das quirlige Au village („Im Doppelgriffe, und der Satz endet mit der gehörigen Dorf“). Lebendigkeit. Die atmosphärischen Scènes Poétiques für Orchester Bruce R. Schueneman op. 46 bestehen aus vier kurzen, bukolischen Stücken, die Deutsche Fassung: Cris Posslac Benjamin GODARD

Photo by Ben Wright (1849–1895) Violin Concerto No. 2 Concerto Romantique Scènes Poétiques

Chloë Hanslip, Violin C Slovak State Philharmonic, M Orchestra, Košice Y Chloë Hanslip Kirk Trevor Kirk Trevor K

8.570554 8 NAXOS NAXOS As a boy Benjamin Godard was a celebrated violin prodigy, but later turned to composition as his life’s work. With the notable exception of the ever-popular Berceuse from the opera Jocelyn, most of Godard’s works have fallen out of the repertoire. A thorough romantic in the Schumann- Mendelssohn mould, Godard was best known for his short atmospheric pieces and stage works, while his short piano pieces have recently garnered new respect. Two of his most successful 8.570554 GODARD: GODARD: longer works are the Concerto Romantique and the Violin Concerto No. 2, both featuring deft DDD virtuoso writing for the violin and the romantic sensibility of the mid-19th century. Benjamin Playing Time GODARD 66:03 Violin No. Concerto 2 (1849–1895) Violin No. Concerto 2 Concerto No. 2 for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 131 25:00 1 I. Allegro moderato 10:45 2 II. Adagio quasi andante 7:47 3 III. Allegro non troppo 6:27 Concerto Romantique for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 35 23:27 4 I. Allegro moderato 6:46 www.naxos.com ൿ 5 II. Adagio non troppo 7:49 Made in Germany Booklet notes in English • Kommentar auf Deutsch Ltd. Naxos Rights International

6 III. Canzonetta: Allegretto moderato 3:41 &

7 IV. Allegro molto 5:09 Ꭿ Scènes Poétiques for Orchestra, Op. 46 17:26 2008 8 No. 1 Dans les bois 5:47 9 No. 2 Dans les champs 3:00 0 No. 3 Sur la montagne 4:41 ! No. 4 Au village 3:55 Chloë Hanslip, Violin C Slovak State Philharmonic Orchestra, Košice M

8.570554 Kirk Trevor 8.570554 Recorded at The House of Arts, Košice, Slovakia, 1–5 June 2007 • Producer: Karol Kopernický Y Engineer: Otto Nopp • Editor: Ladislav Krajcˇovicˇ • Research: Jonathan Frohnen Booklet Notes: Bruce R. Schueneman • Cover painting of the composer: Chai Ben-Shan K Music supplied by The Edwin A. Fleisher Collection of Orchestral Music, Free Library of Philadelphia