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AALLI Spectrum Volume 17 No. 6 April 2013 AALL: Maximizing the Power of the Law Library Community Since 1906

In This Issue

10 How cloud services can enhance collaboration

18 Learn about Seattle with the co-chairs of the Local Arrangements Committee 21 E-lending in academic law libraries

07 Gamification: Is it Right for Your Library?

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Vol. 17, No. 6 April 2013 from the editor By Mark E. Estes AALL Spectrum® Initial Reactions Editorial Staff “Hello from an ‘old’ friend . . . ” and I am sure I would have received Marketing and Communications Manager Ashley St. John [email protected] read the subject line of an email many more shirts and ties had I hidden message that recently showed up in my Editorial Director my initial disappointment. Mark E. Estes [email protected] Outlook inbox. It seemed suspiciously Two of the 36 responses we received

Copy Editor Robert B. Barnett Jr. spamish, but I kept reading because to this month’s Member to Member Graphic Designer Kathy Wozbut I could see the content in the preview question provide examples of inaccurate pane: or inappropriate first reactions. In case 2012–2013 Law Library Journal and AALL Spectrum Committee you’ve forgotten the question or haven’t Chair Linda C. Corbelli Hey Mark, already read this issue’s Member to Vice Chair Amanda Runyon Remember me, Tim C.? Member responses, we asked: Members I Googled you, and I think “What is one word or phrase you Judy K. Davis Marguerite I. Most Deborah S. Dennison Alyssa Thurston I found my old Topeka would like to ban from law Shaun Esposito Mark E. Estes (Ex-Officio) friend. Still enjoy making librarians’ vocabulary?” Timothy Gallina Janet Sinder (Ex-Officio) Ryan Harrington Deborah L. Rusin (Board Liaison) chocolate malts late at Each exemplar appeared to night? Remember sleeping focus on the word “banning.” 2012–2013 AALL Executive Board in my tree house and One wrote, “Banning a word—a President Jean M. Wenger Vice President/President-Elect Steven Anderson sneaking around Topeka all strange concept, especially coming from Secretary Deborah L. Rusin Treasurer Susan J. Lewis hours of the night? I also remember you librarians.” The other: “Are librarians Immediate Past President Darcy Kirk as a tough junior high football player engaging in wholesale censorship now?” Executive Director Kate Hagan who soon deserted us for Arkadelphia. Just as I erred in my reaction about Members Right? Hope all is well. I’m in SoCal. my shirt, initial reactions can sometimes Kathleen Brown Gregory R. Lambert Amy Eaton Suzanne Thorpe —Tim reflect misunderstandings. In this Lucy Curci-Gonzalez Ronald E. Wheeler Jr. instance, the question dealt with a AALL Spectrum (ISSN: 1089–8689) is published monthly except Indeed, Tim is an old friend who subset of English, the vocabulary of law January and August with a combined September/October issue by the appears in my memory every December librarians who comprise a rather small American Association of Law Libraries, 105 W. Adams Street, Suite 3300, Chicago, IL 60603. Telephone: 312/939-4764, fax: 312/431- because of the many New Year’s Eves percentage of the entire population. 1097, email: [email protected]. Periodicals postage paid at Chicago, I spent with him and two other junior However, the individuals could Illinois, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to AALL Spectrum, 105 W. Adams Street, Suite 3300, high school friends playing Mille have been pointing to the fact that Chicago, IL 60603. Bornes long into the night. We had I failed to meet two of my obligations Writers wanted — contribute to your Association’s magazine. good times. We built the tree house he as a communicator: first, to avoid the For guidelines, visit www.aallnet.org/main-menu/publications/ spectrum/policy-spectrum.html or contact Editorial Director Mark E. mentioned in his email and expanded use of emotionally laden terms that Estes at [email protected]. it with a second story accessible through distract from the message, and second, to

AALL Spectrum Submissions a trap door. Retired from his careers as structure the message so that emotionally Article ideas for the following issues must be approved by the a tennis pro and real estate broker, laden words/phrases come at the best editorial director by the following dates: 2013 Issue Approval Deadline he began looking for his old friends. place in the sentence. For example, a Vol. 18 No. 2 November July 11 He found one in me, and I’ve no idea more emotionally sensitive phrasing of No. 3 December August 8 No. 4 February October 10 how many others he’s found. the question might be: “What word or Getting his email was a pleasant phrase do you wish law librarians would AALLNET: www.aallnet.org surprise, to be sure. Of course, some never use?” Advertising Representative surprises are painful—for example, This experience reminds me of how Innovative Media Solutions the day I was returning to school from important it is for librarians to reduce 320 W. Chestnut Street P.O. Box 399 my lunch break and dug my left bicycle the chances for unpleasant surprises in Oneida, IL 61467 pedal into the road while turning Telephone: 309/483-6467 our communication efforts: we should Fax: 309/483-2371 sharply, causing me to fall and land on take the time to put ourselves in the E-mail: [email protected] my forehead. Other surprises, when place of someone else when writing a AALL Spectrum is a free benefit of membership in the American remembered, elicit mixed feelings, like procedures manual, a blog post, an Association of Law Libraries. Of each year’s dues, $42 is for one year of AALL Spectrum. Nonmembers may subscribe to AALL Spectrum for this one from just weeks into my first instructional quiz, a directional sign, etc. $75 per year. For membership and/or subscription information, please professional position: I badly needed Think, and ask yourself, does this use contact the American Association of Law Libraries at the address above. dress shirts for the office. I could tell library-speak? Could anyone possibly AALL Publications Disclaimer that a gift I had just received contained read this in a way I don’t intend, and This publication is provided for informational and educational a shirt. After tearing off the wrapping could that misreading detract from my purposes only. The American Association of Law Libraries does I not assume, and expressly disclaims, any responsibility for the paper in excitement, I clearly showed message? statements advanced by the contributors to, and the advertisers in, my disappointment at the plaid shirt the Association’s publication. Editorial views do not necessarily represent the official position of the Association or of its officers, that I could not imagine wearing with directors, staff, or representatives. All advertising copy is subject to a tie to the office. editorial approval. The Association does not endorse or make any guarantee with respect to any products or services mentioned or My initial reaction proved both advertised in the publication. incorrect and damaging—incorrect [email protected] All content copyright 2013 by the American Association of Law because the package included a www.aallnet.org/Blogs/spectrum-blog Libraries, except where otherwise expressly indicated. Except as otherwise expressly provided, the author of each item in this issue has matching tie that created a very granted permission for copies of that item to be made for classroom stylish and sharp look; damaging use or for any other educational purpose, provided that (1) copies are distributed at or below cost, (2) author and AALL Spectrum are because my wife and daughter never identified, and (3) proper notice of copyright is affixed to each copy. bought me a shirt or tie again, lest For items in which it holds copyright, the American Association of Law Libraries grants permission for copies to be made for classroom I show my disappointment. That’s my use or for any other educational purpose under the same conditions. loss because they both have good taste

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contents

FEATURES

05 Public Relations: Relationship Marketing 14 This Summer, in Seattle . . . How to market your library by supporting public Rethink your value at the 106th Annual Meeting interest law auctions in Seattle By Frances M. Brillantine By Julie Pabarja

07 Gamification: Is it Right for Your Library? 15 Law Firm Changes Offer The rewards, risks, and implications of gamification Opportunities for Libraries Suggestions for getting ahead of the curve By Carli Spina By Sarah Sutherland

10 Cloudy with a Chance of Collaboration How cloud services can enhance collaboration 18 ReThinking Seattle among librarians The co-chairs of this year’s Local Arrangements Committee talk all things Seattle By Carla Wale and Ellen Richardson By Rita Dermody and Tina Ching

21 A Pilot Using OverDrive E-lending in academic law libraries By Nina E. Scholtz

24 Can I Cancel My Print Case Reporter Collection? A look at the merits of free online resources as a substitute 21 By Paul Galfano 25 Read more Spectrum articles online

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AD INDEX

Bloomberg Law/ Bloomberg BNA inside back cover LexisNexis inside front cover Thomson Reuters back cover

DEPARTMENTS 18 Next Month in Spectrum 26 Memorials 26

Member to Member 27

Views from You 28

COLUMNS CENTER INSERT From the Editor 01

Washington Brief 04 Members’ Briefing

The Reference Desk 26

Spectrum Communities ANNOUNCEMENTS AALL’s My Communities offers several opportunities to become more involved with AALL Spectrum. Get a Free Year of AALL Membership with Nonmember Annual Meeting Registration 06 Join the Spectrum Photo Community to receive notices of article topics scheduled for upcoming issues of Spectrum. If you have a photo you think would fit well with an Seeking Nominations for the 2013 Roy M. Mersky article, you can submit it to Spectrum for potential Spirit of Law Librarianship Award for Public Service 17 publication with that article.

Renew Your AALL Membership Early for a Chance Interested in writing for Spectrum or the Spectrum Blog? to Win a Free Annual Meeting Registration 23 Join the Spectrum Volunteer Pool, where you will receive announcements seeking authors for possible article topics, as well as book titles that are available for review on the blog.

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washington brief By Emily Feltren Policy Priorities and Strategies for 2013

ASHINGTON, D.C., and submitting letters of support for Sons, Inc, which could have major February 4, 2013—Through the act. potential implications for the first sale W our advocacy efforts at the As outlined in our core values, doctrine and libraries’ ability to lend state and federal levels, AALL works to AALL is committed to promoting books and other materials that are actively support legislation that furthers equitable, no-fee, permanent public manufactured abroad. In July 2012, the principles of equitable and permanent access to authentic online legal AALL joined Public Knowledge, the public access to legal information and information. Our 2007 State-by-State Electronic Frontier Foundation, the improved and continuous access to Report on Authentication of Online Legal Special Libraries Association, and U.S. justice. With a new Congress and state Resources, updated in 2009-2010 and PIRG on an amicus brief in support legislatures underway, the Government 2011-2012 by our Digital Access to of the petitioner, Supap Kirtsaeng. Relations Office (GRO) has Legal Information Committee and Our brief urged the Court to interpret worked to create a list of law librarian volunteers, highlights “lawfully made under this title” as a top priority issues for this the urgent need for digital comment on the lawfulness of a copy’s legislative session. Developed authentication of online legal creation rather than on the location of with input from the chairs and materials. This policy priority manufacture. AALL is a member of the vice chairs of the Copyright has become increasingly urgent Owners’ Rights Initiative, a diverse Committee, Digital Access to as more state governments choose coalition of retailers, libraries, educators, Legal Information Committee, to publish primary legal material internet companies, and associations that and Government Relations online and eliminate the print version have partnered to protect ownership and Committee, as well as the Government without consideration for the lending rights of businesses and libraries. Policy Advisory Group, our Public Policy trustworthiness of digital resources. In February 2013, the Copyright Positions for the 113th Congress cover an Office is hosting a public symposium array of issues that affirm the importance Copyright in the 113th Congress on Section 108 reform at Columbia of access to trustworthy legal information As described in AALL’s Government Law School in New York. Register of and outline our support for legislation Relations Policy, “An equitable Copyrights Maria Pallante has stated that that furthers this value. Here we explore balance between the rights of users of it is a priority for her to resolve problems two top priority issues for 2013, which information and the rights of copyright related to Section 108 in a manner that reflect principles we see as vital to a owners and licensors is essential to the provides libraries and archives with democratic society—public access to free flow of information.” Working with appropriate and meaningful guidance. government information and balance the Copyright Committee, the GRO I will be attending the conference, in copyright law between rights holders is advocating for policies that promote which brings together librarians, and users. access to and use of orphan works academics, and Copyright Office and support the first sale doctrine. In representatives to exchange ideas about February, AALL submitted comments possible Section 108 reform in the era Promoting UELMA in the States of mass digitization. Stay tuned for more At the state level, one of AALL’s top with the Medical Library Association and Special Libraries Association in response information about how you can help policy priorities is advocating for the support Section 108 reform. enactment of the Uniform Electronic to the Copyright Office’s Notice of Legal Material Act (UELMA), a uniform Inquiry on Orphan Works and Mass law that addresses many of the concerns Digitization. Our comments support Please Participate posed by the publication of state primary the need for a legislative fix and focus To learn more about AALL’s policy legal material online. UELMA provides on four key issues: priorities this year, read our Public a technology-neutral, outcomes-based • Maintaining the current Policy Positions for the 113th Congress, approach to ensuring that those online environment for orphan works available on our website at www. state legal materials deemed official will • Protecting libraries and aallnet.org/gro. Our site also is newly be preserved and made permanently educational and other nonprofit redesigned by issue area to make it available to the public in unaltered form. institutions wishing to undertake easier for you to find information. As a result, UELMA advances states’ mass digitization projects of books The success of AALL’s advocacy practices of accountability and and other orphan works for the efforts at the state and federal levels transparency in providing legal purpose of stimulating new depends on the participation of our information to the public. scholarship and learning members, who work to educate their In 2012, UELMA became law in • Establishing flexible guidelines and lawmakers on the importance of these two states: Colorado and California. solutions for finding original rights tenets. Contact the GRO and sign up for Capitalizing on that success, as we write holders and successors our Advocacy Listserv to participate in this column, five states have introduced • Supporting equitable access and AALL’s legislative agenda and advocate the act: Connecticut, Hawaii, providing the highest level of for yourself and your profession. I Massachusetts, Minnesota, and North service to all library users, Emily Feltren, director, AALL Dakota. We expect that up to a dozen including persons with disabilities. Government Relations Office, 25 more states will introduce UELMA this AALL is advocating to protect the Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Suite 500, year. AALL chapters and members are first sale doctrine so that libraries may Washington, D.C. 20001 • 202/942- continue to acquire and lend books and working in conjunction with the GRO 4233 • fax: 202/737-0480 • email: other materials with confidence. We are to support enactment of UELMA by [email protected] • www.aallnet.org/gro coordinating with the Uniform Law awaiting a decision from the Supreme Commission, working with members Court in the case of Supap Kirtsaeng, dba of their legislatures, providing testimony, Bluechristine99, Petitioner v. John Wiley &

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Public Relations Relationship Marketing How to market your library by supporting public interest law auctions

By Frances M. Brillantine

ithout realizing it, librarians In preparing to write this article, suggestions, but make sure not to are engaged in a type of I sent a message to the Academic promise anything. Ask whether there W marketing every day. Law Libraries Special Interest Section are any other ways the library can help. Relationship marketing has a variety of (ALL-SIS) list, asking fellow academic The students will appreciate any effort different components but is primarily law librarians what, if anything, their on your part, and the library will benefit defined as developing relationships with libraries donate to public interest law from the goodwill you generate. customers whenever possible. At Catholic auctions. I hoped to receive suggestions Depending on the type of donation University of America’s Columbus Law that others could either duplicate or use you’re considering, you may need School Library, for example, every for inspiration—and I did. I also received financial support and/or participation transaction and interaction we have with a number of responses from librarians of colleagues. Asking colleagues to get students is a chance to engage in who want to support their school’s involved can be tricky because you don’t relationship marketing. If librarians auction but are unsure how to do so. want anyone to feel pressured to support develop strong relationships with Concerns include poor communication the auction or fear consequences for students, a large part of our marketing from the students who organize the failing to do so. Pressure to participate work is already done. auction, lack of interest from colleagues, goes against the spirit of the auction and In Handbook of Relationship the relationships you are trying to build. Marketing, authors Jaqdish Sheth and You can’t build good relationships with Atul Parvatiyar define relationship students if you break relationships with marketing as “the ongoing process of colleagues in the process. Gauge the engaging in cooperative and collaborative level of interest in an email so that you activities” with customers. Public interest don’t put anyone on the spot. Don’t law auctions, held annually at many judge your colleagues if they don’t law schools, provide an excellent want to participate, and recognize that opportunity for librarians to collaborate everyone has different obligations and with students. Individual support of the comfort levels. If you can’t get the level auction, either by donating, bidding on of participation you need, consider items, or attending, demonstrates that we another type of donation. support our students and their interests. The question of who will pay for An even stronger show of support is a a library donation is often problematic. donation made by the library or a library Some, but not all, libraries have department. Donations made by the funding and administrative approval library also provide an opportunity for donations. University policy may for staff to build relationships among prohibit university funds paying for themselves while working on something certain types of donations, especially enjoyable, which leads to improved since those donations will be auctioned. service to students. Strong relationships Some librarians are able to make and support among colleagues are personal donations, but not all. I said it essential to good customer service— before, but it bears repeating: no one and good service is the most valuable should feel pressure to make a donation. marketing tool we have. cost, concern that no one will bid on a Diplomacy is the key to success when Student groups dedicated to public donation, and lack of ideas. I hope this seeking contributions from colleagues. interest law are prevalent at law schools article will alleviate concerns, inspire Before you organize an effort to collect across the country. These groups are more librarians to support their school’s donations, devise a way to reassure staff devoted to providing education and auction, and offer new ideas to those that participation is voluntary and support to students interested in legal who already donate. anonymous. Colleagues may be more services in the public interest. Public compelled to donate if no one will know interest law auctions arose as a way to Take the Lead who donated or what amount. Also be raise funds for students working in Public interest student groups manage prepared to make up a shortfall, should public interest law positions. At many the auctions, so the level of organization you not collect enough. No-cost and schools, public interest law auctions are fluctuates from year to year. Students low-cost donation options do exist, held in the spring, and proceeds fund may not contact the library for as I will discuss momentarily. summer stipends. The auctions are gala donations, or they may ask only for Concern that no one will bid on a events, well-attended by students, faculty, a specific donation based on what donation is one of the easiest obstacles and staff. They are often supported by has been offered in the past. Here is to overcome. People bid on items for a local businesses, including law firms. an opportunity to put relationship variety of reasons. Some are looking for Students appreciate all types of marketing to good use. Take the lead bargains, some are looking for gifts, but donations, which are usually varied and contact the students in charge of many just want to support the auction. and creative. the auction to discuss your ideas. Ask for As a result, nearly every item receives at

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least one bid. Still not convinced? What’s designated, such as before a holiday bars that offer a variety of board games. the worst that will happen if your item or law school event. Alternatively, Be sure to set a dollar amount if you doesn’t receive a bid? Students will still the library could permit the students donate an outing with librarians. appreciate your efforts, and you will still running the auction to make I also received the ambitious but generate good PR for the library. announcements and play songs promising suggestion of after-hours If you really can’t bear the thought at closing during the week leading mini-golf in the library. The company of your item not receiving a bid, donate up to the auction. Library Mini Golf (libraryminigolf.org) only to the silent auction, where the Don’t underestimate the appeal of will turn your library into an elaborate bidding isn’t quite as obvious. handmade items. I’ve seen amateur mini-golf course for you. You can also artwork, photographs, jewelry, knits, and rent mini-golf courses that you set up What to Donate even baked goods successfully auctioned. yourself. Another ambitious idea: after- The most common library donation One of our faculty members frequently hours laser tag in the library. I’m sure is the use of a private study room. donates a batch of her amazing chocolate students and librarians would welcome These are generally popular items and chip cookies. She wisely provides samples the chance to let off steam with a game sometimes cause bidding wars. Here at at the silent auction and always gets bids. of laser tag. A quick Google search shows CUA, we donate the use of an individual Do you sew, knit, or play a musical a number of public libraries that have study room for the two-week exam instrument? Consider offering lessons. held laser tag events with great results. period in the spring. Since we have Keep in mind that some auction goers Laser tag equipment is widely available only group study rooms, this is always a are attending simply to support the for rental or could be purchased if this popular item. One memorable year it students. These attendees are often becomes an annual donation. went for $500. Some libraries donate looking to bid on low-priced items. study rooms for the remainder of the Themed gift baskets are fun to put An Opportunity for Participation spring semester, including the exam together with colleagues and can be Law school libraries don’t exist in a period. Another idea is to donate a study supplemented with donations from bubble; they are part of the law school room for the following fall or spring vendors. Gift cards to local and on- community. Supporting that community semester or for the full year. campus businesses are popular with in any way possible is essential to a Study carrels are another popular bidders and can sometimes be obtained library’s success. Participating in public item to donate, either first pick for the at reduced cost. interest auctions is an enjoyable way to upcoming school year at schools that A game night with librarians can offer support, build relationships, and reserve carrels or exclusive use of a carrel also be a great auction item—and a market your library. I hope I’ve offered at schools that don’t. Some libraries great way for students to get to know the inspiration to think creatively and designate a particularly choice location, librarians in a relaxed setting. Some support these auctions if you are able to whether a carrel or casual seating, and libraries hold the game night at the law do so. I school with librarians providing snacks donate exclusive use of that spot for a Frances M. Brillantine (brillantine and beverages, while others hold them specific period. @law.edu) is head of access services at I received a new (to me) no-cost at local restaurants to sweeten the deal. Some libraries make the game a Catholic University of America Columbus suggestion from a colleague that I think School of Law in Washington, D.C. She has potential. Many libraries have PA competition, such as a trivia battle would like to acknowledge the helpful systems used to clear the library at between students and librarians. closing. Opportunities to play a song Activities such as bowling, billiards, suggestions and comments she received in and/or make an announcement at ping-pong, and bocce are another way response to her email request to the ALL- closing could be offered for auction. for students to join librarians in a casual SIS list. Specific dates or periods of time could be setting. Here in D.C., we have bars that offer all of these activities, in addition to

announcement Get a Free Year of AALL Membership with Nonmember Annual Meeting Registration

Spread the word to your colleagues who aren’t yet members of • Access to specialized information created just for law AALL: the Association is offering nonmembers a complimentary librarians, such as the AALL Biennial Salary Survey and one-year membership when they register for the 2013 AALL the AALL Price Index for Legal Publications Annual Meeting and Conference (www.aallnet.org/conference) to be held July 13-16 in Seattle. Membership includes: • Subscriptions to the monthly magazine, AALL Spectrum, and quarterly journal, Law Library Journal, to help you keep • Career resources, such as the online AALL Career Center and up on the latest trends in law librarianship continuing education to help you learn new skills to advance your career • Discounted rates on all AALL products and services, such as publications, webinars, and online job postings. • The opportunity to network and connect with other law librarians from across the country who share similar The early bird Annual Meeting registration deadline is June 7. interests and are facing the same challenges Be sure to take advantage of this special offer for nonmembers. Register online at www.aallnet.org/conference.

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Gamification: Is it Right for Your Library? The rewards, risks, and implications of gamification

By Carli Spina

f you’ve ever checked in using will turn it into a game, complete with points, badges, and/or leaderboards Foursquare, participated in a frequent points and animated avatars. Recovering (known as PBLs in the field) to a Iflyer program, or earned points from an illness or injury? SuperBetter product website, but, with thoughtful from Westlaw or LexisNexis, you’ve (pictured on page 8) will help you stay design, it can mean much more than encountered gamification. Over the past positive and achieve your goals with a this. Game elements can elicit an several years, gamification has emerged game. emotional reaction from participants out of nowhere to become a major topic Much of this newfound popularity that is often not found in educational of discussion in many industries, stems from the prevalence of mobile settings. including business, marketing, devices that make it easier for people to At first glance, gamification may and education. integrate these applications into their seem focused on external motivation daily lives, but the recent trend toward through tangible rewards, but gamification is also based on evidence participants can get much more out of that game elements, if used properly, the experience. As Kapp notes in his can increase engagement and motivation. book, “People play games . . . for the And experts predict that its popularity sense of engagement, immediate is here to stay, with Gartner, Inc., feedback, feeling of accomplishment, and an IT research and advisory success of striving against a challenge and company, predicting, “By overcoming it.” Successful, well-thought- 2015, 40 percent of Global out gamification can elicit these same 1000 organizations will use feelings and even potentially go beyond gamification as the them. At their best, games can lead primary people to a state of “flow.” This term, coined by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, refers to people’s state of mind when they have lost themselves through complete focus on an enjoyable activity. At its best, gamification can aspire to help participants achieve such a state through careful design and implementation of game elements.

The Risks of Gamification Despite its potential, not everyone is enthusiastic about gamification. Many derisively refer to the frequent use of PBLs without any further game elements as “pointsification” and argue that adding points won’t make an experience any mechanism to more meaningful or worthwhile. Critics transform business maintain that rather than improving operations.” Gamification outcomes, gamification runs the risk of isn’t limited to business either. actually decreasing motivation if it The 2012 Horizon Report focuses solely on a rewards system to from EDUCAUSE predicts encourage participation. This very real that game-based learning will concern is based on research suggesting be widely adopted by that too much focus on extrinsic rewards Even if you aren’t quite sure what educators over the next two to three can actually decrease motivation over the term means, you’ve likely heard it years. time, or, as Kapp puts it, “Once the before. And you have almost certainly extrinsic reward vanishes, so does the encountered examples of gamification in What is Gamification? behavior, or extrinsic rewards might even your daily life, even if you didn’t realize While there are many possible definitions interfere with internal motivation.” But it at the time. While the concepts behind of gamification, perhaps the best for this is not always the case. As Kapp also gamification are not new, it has recently those in the library field comes from Karl notes, “When a task is seen as initially exploded in popularity, with new M. Kapp, author of The Gamification of having a low value, extrinsic motivators applications emerging all the time. Want Learning and Instruction: “Gamification do help learners to get started,” meaning to learn a language? Duolingo (pictured is using game-based mechanics, aesthetics that even the much-maligned PBLs may above, left) will reward daily practice and and game thinking to engage people, have a place in convincing students to let you compete against the clock. Need motivate action, promote learning, and give otherwise unattractive, but valuable, help getting motivated to tackle your to- solve problems.” In the business world, activities a try. do list? Epic Win (pictured above, right) this frequently translates into adding

© 2013 Carli Spina • photo © iStockphoto.com • images courtesy of Duolingo, Epic Win, and SuperBetter AALL Spectrum I April 2013 7 AALLApr2013:1 3/13/13 10:33 AM Page 8

Another common concern about the Find the Future game developed by achievements can be shared via many uses of gamification is that they the New York Public Library to celebrate Facebook. It is easy to see how libraries invade users’ privacy. While this is its centennial. Designed by a team that could one day craft these achievements obviously not a necessary element of included game expert Jane McGonigal, to highlight particular library features such a system, it is a concern that arises author of Reality is Broken, the game or services. As Iman Moradi, one of frequently since most examples aimed to get players excited about LibraryGame’s creators, sees it, “At of gamified systems require that the library in a new way through a best . . . what LibraryGame can hope participants’ activities be tracked to combination of a one-time, in-person, to achieve is [to] nudge users to spend award points and achievements. This is overnight game played by 500 people more time reading.” But beyond this, particularly true of systems that employ at the library’s Stephen A. Schwarzman it also has the potential to help libraries leaderboards and broadcast the outcome building and, for those unable to understand how patrons use the library of these activities to anyone with access participate in that initial event, an online and to allow patrons to more easily to the internet or, at a minimum, to version of the game that could be played share their library experiences with their other participants in the game. While on smart phones in the library or via friends. some participants will be happy to have the internet. The game itself was focused Not all libraries will have the their successes shared with the world, on 100 “artifacts”—actual historical resources necessary to gamify library others may not realize what they are items that were part of the library’s classes and services from scratch, signing on for when they decide to collection—which helped players to but there are tools available to help participate, a particularly acute problem experience the library in a novel and organizations that are interested in for gamification in settings involving entertaining way while learning about its gamification to take advantage of some children. Such concerns can be overcome history. Covered by periodicals from The of the benefits without reinventing the through conscious design decisions or New Yorker to Wired to Library Journal, wheel. One such service is SCVNGR, careful explanation of the system at the the game helped players and nonplayers an online service that lets users earn time of signup, but it is an important alike to see the library and its holdings in points and rewards by going out into the issue to keep in mind. a new light. real world and completing challenges. Many SCVNGR clients are corporations like ZipCar and The New York Times, but the company also offers a service specifically tailored for universities. Using this platform, librarians can create customized library tours or orientations, including challenges that meet the specific needs of their patrons and institution. For example, Nicole Pagowsky, an instructional services librarian at the University of Arizona in Tucson, is exploring the use of SCVNGR for library orientations as “a more scalable and interactive way for students to learn about the UA Libraries” and because of its ease of use and the 24/7 support that SCVNGR provides for users. The University of San Diego Legal Research Center is also planning to start using SCVNGR for orientations in the fall of 2013. As Anna Russell, the Legal Research Center’s electronic resources law librarian, notes, “We think the tech component and the competitive aspect will invigorate students now unfamiliar Although critics of gamification Others have aimed to gamify the and unenthused with print resources. We have valid concerns about the way that entire library experience. One example also think such gaming tools can help it is frequently applied, particularly in of such a service is the United Kingdom- students try other new programs we add business settings, most of these concerns based LibraryGame, which offers two to the library that we have difficulty can be overcome by taking the time to games: Lemontree for academic libraries otherwise advertising and marketing.” selectively apply gamification programs and Orangetree for public libraries. SCVNGR shows promise as a way for that are narrowly tailored to specific Currently in use at the University of libraries to gain the advantages of goals. The most successful examples of Huddersfield in West Yorkshire, gamification without investing the time gamification are those that are mindful England, Lemontree connects to the and resources necessary to develop new of their audience and focus on achieving library management system to collect software specifically for their libraries. concrete benefits from the first moment information about the activities of Along the same lines, the new of consideration through the patrons who opt to play the game and Passport platform from Purdue implementation of the final product. to reward them for those activities. University in West Lafayette, Indiana, Users can participate in the game in a takes the idea of gamification a step Gamification in Libraries variety of ways, from earning points for further. It allows educators to develop Gamification principles are already being e-resource use to unlocking achievements customized challenges and design badges applied in impressive ways at several by visiting the library frequently or at to be awarded when students develop libraries. In some cases, this means unusual times. Once unlocked, these new skills. Passport also provides an creating games that focus on certain accomplishments can be displayed on online portfolio that students can use aspects of the library experience, as with the Lemontree leaderboard, and to display their badges earned on the

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Passport platform or through similar process of gamifying professional gamified. Even if you can think of an programs that make use of Mozilla’s development through its Badges for exciting use of gamification, it may not Open Badges. Using Passport, teachers Learning project. This grant-funded be suited to your patron population. have the ability to award badges to virtual badge program aims to give If your patrons already participate in students who achieve learning objectives, library staff a way of displaying their library activities and highly value your allow students to “replay” difficult proficiency at the Competencies for services, adding external rewards and challenges as necessary, and integrate Serving Youth in Libraries by awarding creating a competitive atmosphere may the results into their grading schemes. badges for the successful completion ultimately have a detrimental effect. While the platform is currently in of activities within each of the areas If you do find a project that is well beta, the project is accepting “test pilot covered by the competencies document. suited to gamification, invest time in applications” from educators who want Participants in this free program will learning about the topic and reflecting to start testing the use of these tools at gain firsthand experience in each of the on how you can apply the findings of the their institutions. competencies through their projects and many studies that have been done on will receive a badge that will demonstrate Gamify Your Professional their success to supervisors, prospective Development employers, and others. While this program has not yet launched, the goals, Beyond applying gamification to library Further Reading according to Project Manager Linda W. services, some librarians are exploring Braun, are “to provide library staff If you would like to learn more about ways to make their own professional working with teens opportunities to gamification, try these resources: development more fun and rewarding gain skills and knowledge related to through its use. When they set out to YALSA’s Competencies for Serving learn more about this field, Jennifer McGonigal, Jane, Reality is Broken: Youth . . . [and] visual representations LaGarde, lead media specialist at Why Games Make Us Better and of skills and knowledge that can be used New Hanover County Schools in How They Can Change The World. on resumes and on social media spaces,” Wilmington, North Carolina, and New York: Penguin, 2011. This as well as “to give library administrators educator on loan at the North Carolina popular and engaging book provides opportunities to gauge library staff skills Department of Public Instruction, and an introduction to the use of games and knowledge when it comes to serving Matthew Winner, library media specialist for positive change. teens in libraries.” Although these are at Longfellow Elementary in Columbia, ambitious goals, it is exciting to see the Maryland, realized that creating a potential that gamification has to provide Kapp, Karl M., The Gamification gamified book club focused on reading new avenues toward gaining and of Learning and Instruction: books on gamification would allow them demonstrating professional skills. Game-Based Methods and Strategies to learn by doing. Thus, the Level Up for Training and Education. San Book Club was born. Should You Gamify Your Library? Francisco: Pfeiffer, 2012. Kapp offers As LaGarde notes, “In a way, Level concrete advice and analysis of Up became an experiment in action Getting started with gamification in your peer-reviewed research pertaining research—as we learned more things library can seem daunting. Creating a about game-based learning in our compelling game is a time-consuming to the use of gamification in reading, the more the book club itself and complicated task that involves educational settings. became like a game.” Combining serious significant creative energies and, if you discussions of important books about opt for an online game as many libraries Werbach, Kevin, and Dan Hunter, gamification and its application in have, considerable technical skill. But For the Win: How Game Thinking educational settings with competitions, before you start the gamification design Can Revolutionize Your Business. challenges, and games proved to be a process, you should ask yourself two Philadelphia: Wharton Digital Press, resounding success. It attracted more questions. 2012. This book offers a concise than 40 members on three continents in First, what are your goals for the overview of the business implications its first “season” and spawned a successful project? These goals can be teaching of gamification. Written by two legal second season in the fall of 2012 that students about a particular type of legal scholars, this book also discusses culminated in the Club being nominated research, introducing patrons to a some of the legal issues implicated for Edublog Awards: Best Group Blog, particular library service, or any other by gamification. Best New Blog, and Best Edu Social concrete goals that you have for the Network. Participants learned about project. The goals should be as narrow gamification by reading and discussing as possible to help you tailor your game the selected works but also through activities and also to allow you to assess gamification to create a successful and activities that rewarded those who the success of the project following pedagogically sound application for your collected and organized further resources completion. library. Winner, one of the co-founders on gamification, designed games around The second question you should of the Level Up Book Club, sums it common items on an educator’s to-do ask yourself is: How will gamification up best: “Read the literature first. list, or created an online video aimed at help me to achieve this goal? While You do not already know ‘how to do’ persuading the audience of the value it is currently a trendy topic, gamification. It’s not easy. It’s not just of gamification in their institutions. gamification is not suited to all activities playing games. It’s not simply handing Active participants not only developed or organizations. It is easy to find out badges or putting points on a a command of the literature on inspiration in the wide array of books leaderboard. It’s a thoughtful and time- gamification but also built a network and articles that are currently being extensive application that pays off big of like-minded individuals to work with written about successful examples of when done right.” in the future, all while having fun. gamification, but if you can’t clearly Part of ensuring this payoff is The Young Adult Library Services articulate how your goals can be achieved making sure that your program has Association, a division of the American through gamification, you may not yet Libraries Association, is also in the have found a project worthy of being (continued on page 25)

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Cloudy with a Chance of Collaboration How cloud services can enhance collaboration among librarians

By Carla Wale and Ellen Richardson

n Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs, services are numerous. They provide and whether all the changes have been the people of Chewandswallow come convenient, centralized content storage incorporated, which frequently results in Itogether to create boats using the for projects. They are scalable to fit frustration and multiple copies. tools at hand (stale bread and pizza) to specific user needs, and they are typically Most cloud services are scalable based seek a better world when a catastrophic easy to use. on user needs. For example, most services weather system destroys their hometown. Cloud tools are very convenient. provide a limited amount of storage Although librarians are not faced with We’ve been using the comments feature and/or functionality for free and then pea soup fog or a limburger cheese hail, of one cloud service to maintain a long- charge a fee based on what you want to cloud-based collaboration services running conversation thread about add. You can use them to reach outside (cloud services) allow librarians to come documents in a shared folder, thereby your own institution to work with people together to create scholarship, work on eliminating the need to schedule anywhere and in any time zone. They’re projects in the office and across miles multiple conference calls between people capable of handling larger volumes of more efficiently, share ideas and interests, in different time zones. Cloud services files than some email programs. and inspire each other, ultimately are also great for helping Work You, The most popular cloud services benefiting the larger community. In this Home You, and Traveling You tend to be intuitive and out-of-the-box article, we examine the basics of cloud collaborate across different devices. On ready to use. Many of them mirror a services, including security concerns; Friday afternoon, Work You can save a desktop, allowing you to either have review some of the major services; presentation on the cloud using your PC. single files or group them into folders. and look at some ways fellow librarians Traveling You can access and edit that The exception is Apple’s iCloud, which are using these services to facilitate presentation on the train ride home more closely resembles an iPhone or iPad collaboration to get their projects off using your iPad. Over the weekend, screen. Apple provides help centers where the ground and into the cloud. Home You can add some pictures to the users can access video tutorials, quick presentation on your Mac. On Monday start guides, webinars, forums, and more. morning, Work You can pull the finished Just how easy to use are cloud services? What are Cloud Services? presentation from the cloud and wow We wrote this entire article in the cloud What are cloud services, and why should students with your endless knowledge of using a folder on Box to store materials we care? In the broadest sense, cloud secondary sources. and an embedded Google Doc for the services provide storage and delivery of Forget emailing yourself files, trying actual writing. files and services to you from an off-site to remotely connect to your work Because your data is stored off-site, location instead of an on-site server. computer, or losing jump drives. If your using cloud services can create some (We have chosen to reserve a more files are in the cloud, you can access security risks, such as the aggregation specific, technical discussion about SaaS, them through the internet. (This backup of customer information in cloud data PaaS, IaaS, NaaS, geographic server would have been a lifesaver for one of centers and security failures possibly farms, and distributed content for a later the authors of this article who once leading to breaches. Before registering to article.) You probably already use the dropped her jump drive in a hotel lobby use a cloud service, be sure to perform cloud everyday without even realizing it. the morning of an interview. To say a due diligence. Know your provider and When you log in to your Gmail or mild panic attack set in at interview time the security controls in place. Reputable Yahoo accounts through their websites, would be an understatement.) Using providers will make information about you are accessing information stored on cloud services also eliminates the need to security controls and protocols available “the cloud” (your email). The advantages email documents back and forth, trying on their websites. If your institution of using cloud-based collaboration to figure out who has the latest version decides to pay for a business account,

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make sure the controls and protocols tablets, Android phones, Kindle, and without an account using a link. Apps are well defined in your service-level Blackberry. Files saved to your Dropbox are available for iPad, iPhone, and agreement. Also, it is important to folder are synced and saved to all of your Android. SkyDrive is great for heavy mitigate possible damage by security other devices and the Dropbox website. Windows users and is easy to use. breaches by not storing potentially It is compatible with Windows and Mac It also provides the most free storage private or sensitive information on operating systems. Dropbox is easy to space of the most popular cloud services. the cloud. As Ben Keele, research and use and great for storing and sharing Several options for storage space and instructional services librarian at Indiana documents, videos, and high-resolution price are available: 7 GB for free, 20 GB University Robert H. McKinney School photographs. Dropbox offers a wide for $10 per year, 50 GB for $25 per year, of Law in Indianapolis, states, “I don’t range of options for storage space and or 100 GB for $50 per year. store anything related to student grades price: 2 GB for free, up to 18 GB for because I’m not sure if the cloud free with referrals, 100 GB for $9.99 How are Librarians storage services satisfy FERPA [Family per month or $99 per year, 200 GB for Using Cloud Services? Educational Rights and Privacy Act] $19.99 per month or $199 per year, or Use of cloud services is quickly moving and related rules.” 500 GB for $49.99 per month or $499 away from the bleeding edge and As long as librarians are mindful per year. becoming more mainstream. The of what they are storing and sharing on Google Drive allows you to create, potential for easier collaboration that the cloud, the advantages of using cloud edit, and store documents, spreadsheets, these services offer has not gone services likely outweigh the risks. and slides. You can also store photos unnoticed by institutions. In fact, a new and add third-party apps to edit photos trend among universities is to provide and videos, sign and send faxes, and Commonly Used Cloud Services cloud services to faculty, staff, and create flowcharts and other project We use several cloud services for sometimes students. Tulane University management tools. You can email files different projects, so let’s examine the recently began providing faculty and as attachments to collaborators without basics of some of the most commonly staff 25-GB Box accounts, and Yale Google Drive or change sharing settings used services and what we use them for. University now offers faculty, staff, and on the document to allow collaborators Box is an online file storage, editing, students Box at Yale accounts. These to use a link to access the file and make and collaboration tool. Access your Box accounts are customized with added changes. Google Drive apps are available files “anytime, anywhere . . . from any features and school logos and colors. for iPad, iPhone, and Android. It is device.” Collaborators can use this So how are librarians using cloud pretty easy to use, provides a desktop service to store files, including PDF, services to collaborate? Following are a syncing feature for your devices, and is XLS, PPT, DOC, and JPEG; bookmark; few testimonials provided to us by our compatible with Windows and Mac organize by folders; edit documents fellow law librarians. directly on Box; share files and folders; operating systems. Google Drive is and invite collaborators. You can even great for those with Google Accounts, create a link to a folder to share with including Google Apps for Education, “I use Dropbox for: (1) Reading on my iPad. collaborators who do not have a and those wanting to work on a I like reading journal articles on my iPad, Box account, and collaborators can document simultaneously. A large range so I save them to Dropbox and then use the communicate with each other by posting of options for storage space and price is iOS Dropbox app to read them. (2) Sharing offered: 5 GB for free, 25 GB for $2.49 comments about files in folders. Box and collaborating. I’ve used shared files on per month, 100 GB for $4.99 per apps are available for iPhone, iPad, Dropbox to collaborate and co-author. My Android, Kindle, Blackberry, or month, 200 GB for $9.99 per month, 400 GB for $19.99 per month, and up. co-authors and I can edit the paper directly, Windows phones. You can also expand so we don’t have to worry about whether functionality by adding apps for working iCloud syncs your music, photos, documents, contacts, calendar we are working on the latest version. We with popular software, like Microsoft also save our sources in a shared folder so Office and WordPress. BoxSync allows information, apps, bookmarks, reading lists, and Safari windows across all of we don’t look for the same material twice. you to sync desktop files to your (3) Transferring files that are too big to be Box account and is compatible with your Apple devices. It automatically email attachments. Sometimes I need to Windows and Mac operating systems. backs up your devices daily, so you can Box is great for storing, organizing, and set up a new device or restore a current give professors a lot of articles, so I will sharing files; small amounts of editing; one. If you lose your device, sign in save them to Dropbox, make it a public and providing a centralized place for to iCloud.com to locate it, lock it folder, give them the link, and then delete commentary among collaborators. with a passcode, or delete all the data. the folder once they’ve saved the articles Several options for storage space and Collaboration is limited to Work You, to their own computer. That saves me from price are available: 5 GB for free, Home You, and Traveling You, but it’s sending a bunch of emails with lots of 25 GB for $9.99 per month, or 50 GB great for Mac-obsessed users, like the attachments.” for $19.99 per month. authors of this article. iCloud provides Dropbox is an online storage and several options for individual storage —Ben Keele, research and instructional space and price: 5 GB for free, 10 GB file sharing service for accessing your services librarian, Indiana University files from your Dropbox, which is for $20 per year, 20 GB for $40 per year, or 50 GB for $100 per year. Robert H. McKinney School of Law, downloaded onto your device, or the Indianapolis Dropbox website. It provides file storage SkyDrive provides file access, and sharing between devices. You can storage, and sharing from anywhere. also create links to files for collaborators It features Selective Sync, which syncs “I find Box to be great for project and only the files and folders you want, and without Dropbox accounts. Unlike Box, idea collaboration because I can upload is compatible with Windows and Mac you cannot edit within the program but documents into a shared pool of resources have to download files first and edit on operating systems. You can edit Office documents in SkyDrive or use your that can be viewed or downloaded by others your own device. Dropbox apps are in the group. Box also integrates very well available for iPhone, iPad, Android computer and sync them for easy access later, and collaborators can access it with Google documents. I also use Box to

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share articles about emerging technologies and change the document as they need to. as the students were working so he always with colleagues across the country.” We have also created folders of documents had access to the project and its status.” persons might need in the future, so all of —Ben Carlson, emerging technologies our information from prior courses is in —Liz Johnson, reference librarian, Wake librarian, Villanova University School of Dropbox. That way, if a librarian needs to use Forest University School of Law, Winston- Law, Villanova, Pennsylvania something that another librarian created, Salem, North Carolina they can do so quickly and without waiting for the other librarian to respond. When “I use Google Drive for: (1) The AALL State I collaborated with Julie Kimbrough on a “We use a specialized version of Box with Working Group project, for which we created CALI lesson, we placed all the documents Windows Sync for several functions— a Google site, hosted the spreadsheets and in Dropbox and shared information that way. circulation signs, building photos, work forms, and did all of the work through It was very convenient.” schedules, forms, inventory, and instruction Google Docs and the predecessor to Drive; booklets. Google Docs are synced to our (2) to access the files for a MOOC on online —Nichelle Perry, assistant law library Box account, so there is one stop for staff.” education; (3) collaboration with several director, North Carolina Central University AALL committees; and (4) contribution School of Law, Durham —Amanda Watson, head of public services, to the instruction statistics of the UF law Tulane University Law School, New Orleans librarians.” “I use Google Drive when I need to work —Jennifer Wondracek, head of research on documents at home because I don’t “Yale University offers free Box accounts and faculty services, University of Florida have MS Office on my computer at home. with 50 GB of storage space to all students, Levin College of Law, Gainesville I like it because it saves emailing newer faculty, and staff with an active Yale ID and versions back and forth to myself.” email. Recognizing that many members of the Yale community were using Dropbox’s “Google Drive in particular has become —Megan Garton, reference librarian and free service for their storage needs, Yale pretty heavily integrated into my workflow instruction coordinator, Tulane University University contracted with Box to offer 10 since Chicago-Kent switched our entire Law School, New Orleans times more storage at no cost to university email system over to Google Apps at the members. By doing so, Yale has made it beginning of this school year. Now, we use easier than ever for university members to Google Drive within our office to create “I have used Dropbox to assist a faculty share and collaborate using the cloud. Box and share documents with one another. member with individual cloud-based accounts are used to share materials with We share notes from meetings, keep storage of his research materials. When I professors and other librarians and are used spreadsheets to keep track of tasks and locate articles or other materials of interest in class for the same purpose.” due dates, create and edit collaborative to him, I typically both submit print copies documents, etc. Basically, I like that I can to him and add electronic copies to shared —Jordan Jefferson, reference librarian, integrate everything into one system and subject folders in Dropbox. This system is Yale Law School, New Haven, Connecticut not have to worry about going different mainly meant to act as a backup in the places to accomplish tasks. Google makes event that he misplaces his print copies, it pretty easy to do that.” allowing him to access his materials from any location with an internet connection.” Try it Out —Scott Vanderlin, research and faculty Cloud services can be a great way to services librarian at Chicago-Kent College —Alyssa Thurston, research and electronic organize files and projects, keeping of Law service librarian, Pepperdine University your work, home, and traveling selves School of Law, Malibu, California coordinated, as well as to allow you to collaborate with your fellow law “Like many law libraries, we have a shared librarians on articles and even projects or drive at Moritz so that we can upload “I use Dropbox to manage student workers committee work for AALL. With all the documents for faculty on campus. While for a faculty member. The faculty member options out there, it’s easy to lose track this approach is successful much of the conducted more than 70 one-hour of your accounts and passwords. Otixo time, Google Drive has really given us more interviews as part of an empirical study and organizes all your cloud accounts into flexibility in how we share materials with then had them transcribed overseas. Once one app, allowing you to access all your faculty. This is particularly important to he received the transcripts he would clean files with a single login, no matter where faculty who are visiting other law schools them for basic errors, so we offered to they are. So go ahead: try out a couple of tools, and see which one best helps you for a semester or are otherwise working help him with this task. He created a shared I abroad. Having more than one way to Dropbox and put in the audio and DOC files get off the ground and into the cloud. access the research they need is reassuring for each of the transcripts. I divided them Carla Wale ([email protected]) is when they are trying to meet deadlines.” into student folders. The reference students research and electronic technologies would “clean,” or edit, them and put the librarian at Northern Illinois University —Ingrid Mattson, reference librarian, updated transcript in the completed folder. College of Law. Ellen Richardson The Ohio State University Moritz College Then the faculty member would replace the ([email protected]) is the legal information of Law, Columbus cleaned transcripts in the Dropbox folder librarian for emerging technologies at with “uncleaned” transcripts. We helped Boston University. him expedite a year-long process into a “We place documents in Dropbox folders matter of a semester, and the best part was so that everyone can view the document that the faculty member could see updates

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This Summer, in Seattle . . . Rethink your value at the 106th Annual Meeting in Seattle

By Julie Pabarja

his summer, law librarians will learn, and the methods focuses on information head to Seattle for AALL’s 106th for providing content management, the T Annual Meeting and Conference. that is vital to the legal internet marketplace, This year’s event, held July 13-16, affords information profession. and the human countless opportunities to network with The AMPC has curated a conference of behaviors that shape it. colleagues, attend education programs, dynamic programming based on must- This year’s conference introduces meet with vendors, and enjoy all that our have topics that members identified in longer “deep dive” programs, allowing host city has to offer. last year’s educational needs assessment. for more in-depth exploration of These programs will be offered in critical content areas, including project engaging formats to deliver takeaways management, using SharePoint, and Dynamic Programs and Events that attendees can implement when navigating your career path. The Annual Meeting is consistently they return to their workplaces. Here is Also new to the conference is the the most highly rated AALL member just a sampling of program topics: Monday Morning Recharge, designed opportunity, but room for improvement • Using social media in your library to give you a mid-conference boost, always exists. For the past year, the • Writing tips from a Pulitzer as well as ways to rethink your Annual Meeting Program Committee Prize-winning journalist professional development. Expert-led (AMPC) has been rethinking the needs • Implementing a mass digitization sessions will focus on leadership, change of law librarians, the ways that adults project management, presentation skills, stress • Creating screencasts for legal management, and influencing others. research instruction Tuesday’s strong lineup starts with • Making sense of vendor statistics informal morning Coffee Talks and For More Information . . . • How to get involved in state-based continues with the Association Luncheon advocacy (featuring futurist Andy Hines), a showcase • Identifying innovative ways of poster sessions, and the return of the The 106th Annual Meeting to serve the public patrons day-long series of programs developed in and Conference: • Top trends reshaping the collaboration with the International Legal www.aallnet.org/conference legal industry Technology Association. • Motivating staff and correcting Plan to spend quality time in the Programs and workshops: workplace behavior Exhibit Hall to discover new products www.aallnet.org/conference/education/ • Hot topics in legal technology. and enhancements and to meet one-on- programs-and-workshops Comprehensive preconference one with vendors. Lots of events will workshops will also be offered, covering take place in the Exhibit Hall, including Registration: topics ranging from developing your the Opening Reception, a new lunch www.aallnet.org/conference/ own library marketing plan to metadata buffet on Monday for conference get-there/registration and the semantic web. The Private attendees, and daily prize drawings. Law Libraries Special Interest Section Scheduled exhibitor showcases will be Housing: www.aallnet.org/conference/ Summit, Conference for Newer Law another new feature, walking you get-there/housing Librarians (CONELL), and Legislative through the latest innovations. Advocacy Training are back by popular Call for Coffee Talks proposals: demand, too. Register early for these Register Today! www.aallnet.org/conference/education/ workshops—space is limited. Register now for the best rates and hotel call-for-ideas choices. We can’t wait to see you in So What Else is New? Seattle! I Twitter: twitter.com/AALL2013 We’ll kick things off at this year’s Annual Julie Pabarja (julie.pabarja@ Meeting with the Opening General dlapiper.com) is research services manager Facebook: tinyurl.com/cczgtem Session, featuring keynote speaker David at DLA Piper in Chicago and chair of the Weinberger, a technologist whose work AMPC.

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Law Firm Changes Offer Opportunities for Libraries

Suggestions for getting ahead of the curve

By Sarah Sutherland

ertain aspects of the practice of law are changing, particularly as they relate to the traditional ways lawyers charge for their work and how completed work is Cleveraged for future benefit. Some firms, for example, are moving to incorporate knowledge management (KM) practices, alternative billing, and law practice automation.

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One way to look at the movement involved. Front line staff often does not Libraries and KM departments toward KM, alternative billing, and know how managers spend their time, should also consider and be ready to initiatives to automate some aspects of and this is often the result of not articulate what already makes them a legal practice is as a movement away understanding this kind of work. good fit with the goals of efficiency and from work that is transactional and In law, the development of scalable scalability of practice. The purpose of nonscalable and toward work that is and nontransactional models of working having a library is to provide access to nontransactional and scalable. This is particularly difficult as it requires shared resources that have lower movement aims to improve use of substantial investment of unbillable time incremental costs when purchased existing resources and work product, with uncertain returns on the part of together than when purchased separately. which increases efficiency and pricing lawyers and staff until the structures are Scalable legal research tools, such as predictability. However, the transition sufficiently developed to demonstrate general texts and online subscriptions, will be difficult for many and will their value. Working in KM in a law are used lightly by many people and are require changes in how lawyers firm is like being a weight loss coach: naturally purchased in a central location conceptualize their work, which will no one wants to follow directions, but and shared, while nonscalable tools, create both challenges and opportunities they like the results when they do. such as desk consolidations of legislation, for libraries and KM departments. A further problem with developing are purchased for individual lawyers. commitment to these new ways of In the search for improved practice, Nontransactional working is that it will not only take time it is important to remember the and Scalable Work to develop systems that are useful, but traditional elements that are already KM and practice improvement will working. Other scalable aspects of library Nontransactional work is generally often decrease the profit accruing from and KM work that come immediately work that cannot be counted or individual transactions compared with to mind are contract negotiations, measured. It encompasses the a billable-hour model by increasing their integrated library systems, research communication, development of efficiency. These issues combine to create guides, memo banks, and precedent processes, and conceptualization that a perception of a high level of risk for collections. Some aspects of library and leverages other work and makes that those committing to changing their KM work don’t lend themselves to work go more smoothly. It is often the practices in this way. scalable solutions as well, such as in- work someone has been doing when he depth training and advanced reference: or she says, “I worked all day and didn’t I have yet to see automated training get any work done.” Because it can’t be What Libraries and initiatives or canned research advice counted and its impact can’t be seen KM Staff Can Do successfully address either of these needs. immediately, it can be less satisfying than These changes have the potential to Library staff will need to explore transactional work and less valued by create both great problems and great what opportunities surround scalable those who don’t understand how opportunities for law libraries and KM work in each organization and work important it is. departments. The first thing libraries to convince others of the value they Though they overlap, scalable and KM departments can do is integrate bring. Law librarians often perceive their work is different from nontransactional into the project teams working on value proposition in their level of legal work. It is work that can be leveraged these initiatives. There are enormous expertise, but I believe we are often repeatedly with limited additional effort informational aspects to all of these excluded from these forward-looking for each additional use, which can create projects, and it is the job of the library projects due to a perceived lack of legal enormous benefits for little additional and KM staff to ensure that they are knowledge. However, legal knowledge effort, but it also elevates risk because being considered and addressed in the is often not the limiting factor in the work product may never be used and planning stages. If only practicing achieving success in these projects. the investment in its creation may be lawyers and IT staff are involved in On the contrary, disorganization of lost. Examples of scalable work include the developmental stages of these plans, information, lack of connections among developing precedent systems that will when the library eventually becomes individuals and practice groups, and allow the same form to be used for all aware of problems with the way limited understanding of the interactions future documents of the same type and information is organized or accessed, it between human beings and technological time spent writing and editing books and may be too late to address those issues. tools often are—and these are all areas magazine articles. Investments in scalable In organizations, including law where library and KM staff can bring projects must be made carefully because, firms, there is generally a small group of a great deal of value through their though they may be profitable, they may people who are mentioned every time involvement. also provide no monetary gain at all. something new or interesting is proposed Many KM initiatives involve senior Nonscalable work, on the other hand, and someone needs to work on it. legal practitioners as project leaders, usually has only a set return, but it is Library or KM staff should work to as they are often the individuals with generally done for a particular client become these people so that they are the desire to make—and the credibility or need, and it typically provides a involved in such projects and can help to initiate—change. This is an expensive known monetary gain. find ways to integrate them with each means to achieve these ends because One of the first places to look for other and anticipate library services these individuals have such high nontransactional and scalable work in that will help the firm achieve its goals. opportunity costs. It is much more law firms is in unbillable tasks: writing a Being better integrated into high-profile cost effective to have someone more contract for a client is transactional and projects that support a firm’s plans for junior who will manage the projects, not immediately scalable, while drafting the business will help to ensure that give the senior practitioner updates, and a standard contract that may be reused library and KM staff understand the request help when there is a need for again and again is scalable and working priorities of the firm and allow them to advice or social capital to move the to coordinate the writing of the standard better anticipate organizational needs project forward. The best people to contract is nontransactional. The and formulate resource requests in a manage some of these projects may transition to nontransactional and scalable compelling way. work in the library or KM department. work can be difficult for the individuals

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There is no reason why useful ideas decrease the ease of transition among example, it will be more difficult to reach about how to manage legal information sources, and, since secondary resources measures like billable targets in a flat-rate and how it can be better integrated into show less convergence in content, this billing model, but it is possible to work the practice of law need to come from will remain an area of concern. toward an alternate metric, such as a lawyers, IT departments, external Publishers are also producing more promotion of firm information resources software companies, or publishers. Even products that overlap with internally being part of the value proposition to if the library or KM staff are not already generated resources. Libraries and KM clients. integrated into the practice development departments will need to watch what process, that doesn’t mean they can’t be publishers are doing to know how to Opportunities going forward. According to Richard best navigate the new environment and Transition from the status quo is Susskind in his book The End of Lawyers, to be ready to outsource what makes inevitable as more simple tasks can be innovative ideas come from mavericks sense to outsource as the environment automated, as more information can who are then brought into the fold after evolves. The corollary is that libraries be stored and accessed with greater ease their ideas are successful. There is no and KM departments need to be ready for reuse and evaluation, and as more reason why library and KM departments to redeploy resources when that happens, clients demand that firms initiate these shouldn’t be those mavericks or at least as it will free time and make other innovations. This will expand into the work closely with them. activities possible that weren’t before. library and KM departments and should There is a great deal of pressure The alternative is to be ready to reduce be welcomed and explored, but even if developing in this area: publishers are resources in the library as this happens, opportunities have already been missed, changing the direction of product especially staffing, but this seems like an it is not too late. However risky the development from being content driven enormous waste of opportunity. In order current environment is, and however to being software and interface driven. to fully take advantage, libraries and many opportunities have been missed This has important implications and KM departments should be preparing already, I suspect there is an opportunity will require close examination of what with professional development and within your organization that you can libraries do and why. Some things will considering possibilities before being start exploring now. I be easier in this new environment, and forced to do so. Sarah Sutherland (sarah. for some practices this will be a great This may all sound scary, and it is, improvement in efficiency, but allowing because if opportunities are not taken [email protected]) is manager external organizations to dictate how law when they are offered, they may not be of library services at McMillan LLP and legal research will develop is risky. offered again, and the new environment in Vancouver, Canada. The increased integration of information may reduce the ability to quantify value resources into lawyers’ workflows will in the ways it is quantified now. For

announcement Seeking Nominations for the 2013 Roy M. Mersky Spirit of Law Librarianship Award for Public Service

The Roy M. Mersky Spirit of Law Librarianship Award for Public meaningful contribution to a social or charitable cause or Service Committee honors one law librarian or law library concern. organization for service to the community. The award, established in 1991 by Roy M. Mersky, former director of Tarlton Law Library The deadline for nominations is June 1. Please mail at the University of Texas at Austin School of Law, and Richard nominations to Professor Richard Leiter, Schmid Law Library, Leiter, director of Schmid Law Library at the University of University of Nebraska College of Law, Lincoln, NE 68583-0902; Nebraska, was created to give special recognition to individual email [email protected]; call 402/472-5737; or fax 402/472-8260. law librarians who might not otherwise be recognized by their For a list of previous award winners and more information about peers for their important work. Please help recognize law the Roy M. Mersky Spirit of Law Librarianship Award for Public librarians by nominating a worthy individual who has made a Service Foundation, please visit tarlton.law.utexas.edu/ slla/index.html.

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Image courtesy of Seattle Southside Visitor Services

ReThinking Seattle The co-chairs of this year’s Local Arrangements Committee talk all things Seattle Rita Dermody (left) and Tina Ching

By Rita Dermody and Tina Ching

he Emerald City is our host To entice you to Seattle, Rita the great state of Washington. However, for AALL’s 106th Annual Dermody and Tina Ching, co-chairs of like many TV shows, much of the series TMeeting and Conference this July. the Local Arrangements Committee, sat was filmed in Los Angeles’ San Fernando Seattle offers a beautiful setting for down to share their favorite things about Valley where I was born and raised. After entertainment and fun after a day of Seattle in July. Here they describe how high school, I spent several years being educational programming and meetings. they arrived in this fair city and some distracted by the beautiful trees, friendly And Seattle in July is spectacular: of the things that make it impossible to people, and delicious beer in the state of temperatures average a high of 75 leave. Oregon. Library school finally brought degrees, and days offer more than 15 me to the Emerald City, where I am hours of light, with sunsets after 9 p.m. What brought you to Seattle? currently distracted by many of my What about rain, you ask? July is the Tina: At the young age of 11, after Seattle favorites. driest month in Seattle, with less than watching an episode of Twin Peaks, Rita: I grew up in northern Idaho an inch of precipitation. I knew I was going to one day live in and always knew that I would be a

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librarian. I volunteered in my local What are your favorite Needle, Puget Sound, downtown, and public library before I was 12! With outdoor activities? Mount Rainier together is really quite stints in Chicago and Dallas, I worked in Rita: Seattle sits in the middle of remarkable even for a city full of two law firm libraries, a corporate law geographic wonders! Within an hour breathtaking views. Take Metro #2 or library, and a law school library, and I and a half you can visit the Pacific Ocean #13 halfway up the hill to avoid the was the first law librarian hired by each or a semi-arid desert, climb mountains, climb. of those institutions. A position at the observe an active volcano, ski, swim, Rita: In November 2012, the Public Law Library of King County in hike, or scuba dive. One of my favorite Museum of Flight opened a new exhibit Seattle brought me back to the Pacific spots to visit is Snoqualmie Falls. It is in the Charles Simonyi Space Gallery Northwest. located about 30 miles east of Seattle. featuring spacecraft and artifacts of Snoqualmie Falls is 268 feet high and human space flight and showcasing the about 50 feet wide. The views are full-scale Space Shuttle Trainer. Crews stunning. The falls were featured in the for all 135 space-shuttle missions trained television show Twin Peaks. Settled by in this trainer. It is 122 feet long, and the Snoqualmie Tribe (a subgroup of the tail rises 48 feet above the museum the Coast Salish), it became a sacred floor. Visitors enter the payload, place for Native American culture and where they can peek into the crew spirituality. compartment. Although Seattle was Tina: My favorite summer bike ride disappointed that it did not receive one is along the Elliott Bay Bike Trail. You of the four retiring shuttles, it received can start at the Olympic Sculpture Park, a unique piece of history and one that the public can touch and tour. Pike Place Market ride through Myrtle Edwards Park, and Photo courtesy of Tim Thompson. take in the beautiful views of the Puget Sound and Olympic Mountains. You can end the ride at peaceful Smith Cove What are your favorite Park, but for those looking for a more shopping destinations? adventurous challenge, you can connect to a bike route around Discovery Park Rita: Pike Place Market, of course! What in the city’s Magnolia neighborhood. better place to find gifts that reflect the Depending on your route, it’s about a Pacific Northwest. Pike Place Market 15-mile ride and can get pretty hilly, but opened in 1907 over a dispute about the it’s well worth it for the amazing views. price middlemen were getting for the sale of onions. The market has strict policies for farmers and craftspeople about how they must grow or make the products they sell. Resale of products produced by others is not allowed. Oh, but the goodies you will find there! Silk ties and scarves, water colors and photographs, homemade jams, jellies, Pioneer Square and flavored nuts, and T-shirts and Photo courtesy of Tim Thompson. sweatshirts with local graphics not found in the airport stores. While you are there, What is your favorite stop by the vegetable stalls and admire bookstore in Seattle? the arrangements of the fruits and Rita: Seattle Mystery Bookshop is a vegetables, sample the local apples, stop destination bookstore located on the in Lowell’s for a cup of clam chowder northern edge of Pioneer Square, at the and to admire the view of Elliott Bay, or south end of downtown Seattle. The stop by Mee Sum Pastry for a BBQ Pork shop offers a comprehensive selection hombow to munch while you are of mysteries, new and used, paper, walking through the market. trade, and hardback editions, with most Tina: Does shopping for cupcakes titles not available in your local chain count? About a block away from the bookstore. The Pacific Northwest is conference hotel is the Pacific Place home to many authors, such as Ann shopping center. I would pick up a Snoqualmie Falls Rule, J.A. Jance, Jayne Ann Krentz, delicious cupcake from the Trophy kiosk. Photo © iStockphoto.com Sherman Alexie, and Erik Larson. Take the skybridge to the Nordstrom Autographed copies of their works are flagship store (store #1), and Nordstrom often available at the bookshop. Rack is across the street in the Westlake What are your favorite Tina: If you haven’t been to Seattle Center. If you’ve ever seen me, you tourist attractions? in a few years, you may not know that might be thinking, “But Tina, you don’t Tina: After living in Seattle for several the Elliott Bay Book Company moved look like you shop at Nordstrom or years, I was finally convinced to walk out to Capitol Hill from its original Pioneer Nordstrom Rack.” It’s true. You can to Kerry Park on Queen Anne Hill in Square location. The new store is probably buy most of my wardrobe at the middle of the night for the first time. beautiful and has a great selection of new the flagship REI store (less than a mile My first thought was “Holy cow, Frazier’s and local interest books. Walk past the away from the Sheraton), which is view really does exist!” I’ve seen plenty of gorgeous cedar shelves, and page through complete with a climbing wall, urban professional photos taken from the park, the staff picks. It is also a fun place for trail, and ranger station, because I’m but, in person, the view of the Space author readings and has a wonderful fancy like that.

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cafe. I periodically stop in during my in town for the conference, you can lucky, you may see orcas swimming by your lunch hour to check out their seasonal catch the Mariners playing the Angels (or ferry. Once you reach your destination, stop food offerings or pick up a pastry. the Red Sox if you arrive early). There in one of the many shops at the terminus are plenty of local beers to choose from for a cup of coffee or a light lunch before Where is your favorite place including brews from Diamond Knot, your return trip to the city. Dick’s, Elysian, Fremont, Harmon, Mac Tina: Take a train trip to see for a caffeine fix? & Jack, Manny’s, Red Hook, Skagit, and the other great cities of the Pacific Tina: Yes, possession and use of cannabis Snoqualmie Falls. Across the street, the Northwest! From Seattle, there’s no easier is now legal here (but that’s not why Pyramid Beer Garden is open prior to way to get to Portland, Oregon, and Seattle is the Emerald City). Despite this every Mariners game. Vancouver, British Columbia, than by temptation, caffeine remains a Seattleite’s train. I am actually on the Amtrak drug of choice. We are, after all, the What is your favorite Cascades to Portland as I write this. Caffeine Capital of America, with more The train station is easy to get to, and coffee shops per capita than any other downtown neighborhood? you don’t have to go through security! city in the nation. About three blocks Tina: There are many great Hop on the light rail to the International up Pike from the convention center, neighborhoods in Seattle, but luckily District Station, and walk to the historic you will find Victrola Coffee Roasters, the conference is only steps away from King Street Station (currently under recently named one of America’s Best Capitol Hill. Full of coffee houses, construction but due to finish this Coffee Bars by Food and Wine. If it’s restaurants, boutique shops, bars, and spring). Just remember to bring your 3 p.m., drop in on a public coffee tasting music venues, Capitol Hill offers some passport if you’re going to B.C.! at the Stumptown on 12th Avenue. Or if of Seattle’s best. Grab a homemade you’re a Grey’s Anatomy fan, you might waffle cone full of Molly Moon’s honey consider checking out Tully’s to see if lavender ice cream, and cross the street What is your favorite McDreamy (a.k.a., owner/actor Patrick to watch some bike polo. Take a picture Seattle museum? Dempsey) is sipping a latte. next to the Jimi Hendrix statue. Catch Tina: With the Puget Sound and Rita: Combine a great teahouse a movie at the Northwest Film Forum. Olympic Mountains as a backdrop, experience with local history. Have tea Hop on a bus and head out to Volunteer why limit yourself to viewing art indoors and tour the Panama Hotel in Seattle’s Park, which includes the Seattle Asian when you can absorb culture and fresh International District, featured in the Art Museum and Lakeview Cemetery, air at the same time? The Olympic novel Hotel on the Corner of Bitter and where you can pay your respects at Bruce Sculpture Park is a free outdoor public Sweet by Jamie Ford. The hotel was built Lee’s grave. park operated by the Seattle Art in 1910 by the first Japanese-American Rita: Belltown is self-described as Museum. My favorite piece is Typewriter architect in Seattle and contains the last the “epicenter of Seattle’s restaurant Eraser. It’s open until 9 p.m., when remaining intact Japanese bathhouse in scene, with hot nightclubs, cool shops, you can experience the most spectacular the United States. The bathhouse served great places to live, work, or play, the piece of art—the gorgeous sunset. generations of Japanese-Americans in new Olympic Sculpture Park . . . Rita: The Museum of History and the years before World War II. As the Belltown’s got it all!” Just north of Industry, or MOHAI as it is known Japanese community was removed to downtown Seattle, Belltown is an locally, welcomed the new year in its new internment camps during World War II, exciting mix of restaurants, shopping, facility at Lake Union Park, just a short members of the community brought nightlife, and condominiums and lofts. distance north of downtown Seattle. their chests and other valuables to the The streets are tree-lined boulevards, The gallery features stunning views hotel for storage. Many of the items inviting you for a walk and leading you of Lake Union and its boats, planes, remain today. to the Olympic Sculpture Park, with paddlers, and wildlife. In partnership breathtaking views of Puget Sound. with the Puget Sound Maritime Historical Society, it showcases artifacts Where is your favorite place such as the working World War II-era for adult beverages? TANG periscope with 360-degree views Rita: Washington State is one of the of the city and an 1885 Fresnel Lens fastest growing areas for wineries. More from the Smith Island Lighthouse. than 700 wineries call Washington home, Come and help us celebrate the and more than 90 wineries and tasting reopening of this great museum! rooms can be found in Woodinville, Washington, just 30 miles from downtown Seattle. Most of the grapes are What is your favorite reason grown on the east side of the state and to leave Seattle in July? then trucked to these boutique wineries Tina and Rita: There’s only one for crushing and bottling. Come and A Washington State Ferry on Puget Sound. reason to leave Seattle in July—to attend taste. Recently, Wine Spectator included Photo courtesy of Tim Thompson. the Annual Meeting in another city! six Woodinville wineries in its top 100 Visit the Local Arrangements list, and Wine Enthusiast Magazine Committee website for local honored 26 wines from five Woodinville What is your favorite information, tips, and guides at wineries with scores of 90 or above. For way to get away? lac2013.llops.org. Follow us on Twitter the nonwine drinkers, Woodinville is also Rita: The Washington State Ferry system @aall2013 for updates, announcements, home to three distilleries producing gin, is touted as one of the best in the world. and information about the Seattle vodka, and grappa. meeting. We’ll also post photos on There are several ferries that leave from I Tina: Seattle does not have a downtown Seattle. Hop on for a ride to Pinterest at pinterest.com/aallnet. shortage of tasty beer and places to drink one of the islands in Puget Sound or to Tina S. Ching ([email protected]) tasty beer, but, in July, what better place the Olympic Peninsula. What a great way is the electronic services librarian at the to drink beer than a ballpark? Safeco to get a taste of the majesty of the Seattle University School of Law. Rita Field is a beautiful baseball stadium with mountains that surround Seattle and see Dermody ([email protected]) gorgeous views of Seattle. While you’re the city’s beautiful skyline. If you are is the director of the Public Law Library of King County in Seattle. 20 AALL Spectrum I April 2013 AALLApr2013:1 3/13/13 10:34 AM Page 21

A Pilot Using OverDrive E-lending in academic law libraries

By Nina E. Scholtz

hen Americans opened service would allow us to see specifically sign in using a single sign-on system like holiday presents this past how our users would respond to an Shibboleth. Instead, OverDrive requires W December, many of them e-lending program. The library had users to sign in to its website via either must have found devices they could use already successfully introduced a popular the library’s integrated library system to read e-books because OverDrive, a small-print reading collection. Trying (ILS) or a Library Card Manager, which major web-based service that libraries out an online component to this simple requires the library to provide OverDrive use to lend e-books and other electronic but well-liked outreach program seemed with a database of authorized users and resources, has reported that Christmas like a logical progression. With these passwords. Neither of these options Day and the two days after were its three thoughts in mind, in June 2012 we was a comfortable fit for Cornell Law biggest days ever for library downloads. signed a contract with OverDrive for Library, whose users normally sign in to It wasn’t just audiobooks that users were a one-year pilot period. library databases with a Shibboleth-based checking out; for the first time, more Unlike most databases offered to system. Ultimately, we found that our e-books than audiobooks circulated. libraries, trial periods are not available best option was to create our own OverDrive’s post-Christmas surge with an e-lending service like OverDrive custom script that linked users from our in e-book downloads follows the trend because there is no single OverDrive site. single sign-on system through our ILS. observed by the Pew Internet and Instead, OverDrive sets up each library One of the decisions we made American Life Project in April 2012: with its own site. The library works with initially was to offer two types of 21 percent of all Americans had read an an OverDrive representative on the site’s resources—e-books and audiobooks. e-book, while 43 percent of Americans design. OverDrive also offers music and video aged 16 or older had read either an e-book or other long-form content on a computer or device in 2011. E-books are not just for popular reading; legal publishers are entering the e-book market as well. Major publishers are launching e-book platforms and offering law libraries the opportunity to purchase both individual titles and collections of electronic books that they also offer in print. One publisher has announced the availability of a specialized lending platform similar to that offered by OverDrive and other library lending platforms.

Starting Up an E-Lending Service With these increasing signs of a strong future for e-books, and possibly for e-lending as well, in spring 2012 Cornell University Law Library decided to pilot OverDrive for the Cornell Law School community. Our law library has a tradition and culture of innovation, from creating its first website in 1995, through partnering with William S. Hein & Co., Inc., in 1999 on the Hein Digital Journals Project (now HeinOnline, still hosted at Cornell University), and into the present by, OverDrive’s homepage at www.overdrive.com for example, hosting a therapy animal session for students at the beginning of final exam periods. Nor is IP authentication available. resources, which we chose not to Exploring the future of e-book While the sign-in system is somewhat include. The choice of resource types lending was a natural fit for us. And by similar to those of Lexis, Westlaw, implicates not just the items that the embarking on a pilot of the OverDrive and Bloomberg Law in that users sign library plans to purchase; OverDrive service, we could test the waters of in individually, it is dissimilar in allows a library to put its own materials e-lending in a cost-efficient way that that OverDrive does not provide the (i.e., those for which it owns the would not be prohibitive in terms of passwords to users. Users also cannot copyright) on its OverDrive site, but staff time and library resources. The

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only if it is has chosen to include that format. Therefore, if we had wanted to put our own music or video on our site, we would have needed to select music or video as a resource type. E-lending systems also can give the lending library a choice of lending periods and other circulation details. While our normal lending period for students is six months and for faculty is one year, OverDrive allows a lending period of up to 28 days only. We also were able to choose how many items a user could check out at one time and how many items a user could place on hold at one time. obvious is that only one user can access Windows and Mac computers, In August 2012, on a Friday at a resource at a given time. This one-user transferred to mobile devices, and the beginning of the fall semester, our limitation does not just apply during burned to CDs and DVDs, among OverDrive site went live with 42 items, active use: since OverDrive is based other things. While WMA titles may including nine audiobooks. Within the on the checkout model, the user has be transferred to Windows-formatted first four days we logged 292 patron exclusive access to the title for the devices, they are DRM-protected, so sessions by 96 different patrons, and lending period, even when the user is publishers can limit other uses of these 26 of our titles were checked out. As of not actively using it. The user who does files, such as burning to CDs or DVDs January 2013, almost five months after have access to a title is frequently limited and allowing the device to read the title the law library launched its OverDrive to reading or listening in Adobe Digital aloud. service, our collection has grown to 63 Editions, OverDrive Media Console, or For both audiobooks and e-books, titles, 17 of them audiobooks, and we Kindle. users must choose a format at the time have had a total of 129 checkouts. The Some publishers, however, offer of checkout. The user who chooses the e-books have proved to be somewhat “maximum access” titles that are available wrong format must return the book and more popular than the audiobooks; while for simultaneous download by all users. initiate a new checkout in order to get our e-books have circulated on average Another kind of title that is available for the correct format. more than twice each, the audiobooks unlimited simultaneous download is the Although we were worried that users have circulated a little more than once Project Gutenberg collection, which would have trouble using OverDrive each. As of January 18, 2013, Cornell includes thousands of DRM-free public given the many possible formats, devices, University Library has now expanded the domain titles from Project Gutenberg. and apps, our users have required almost law library’s OverDrive pilot to all of These titles do not count against users’ no technical support. OverDrive gives Cornell University. We will have another checkout limits and do not expire. users information about using the year to assess the academic community’s Another limitation of the checkout different formats in myriad devices on its response to e-lending. model is that libraries cannot make Help website. Perhaps as a result of this OverDrive books available for reading in information being available, during the Collection Choices the library to users who do not have a first five months of the pilot, we had OverDrive boasts that it offers hundreds library card. In the academic setting, this only one email request and a couple of thousands of e-book, audiobook, usually means users other than faculty, of in-person requests for technical video, and music items from more than staff, and students. assistance. 1,000 publishers. Libraries considering A complex array of formats may OverDrive should keep in mind, daunt some users. Within e-books, titles Pricing however, that these numbers include may be available in one or more of OverDrive uses a full-time enrollment children’s titles, music and video titles, several formats: Adobe EPUB, Adobe pricing model for colleges and and titles in foreign languages. Also, PDF, Open EPUB, Open PDF, Kindle universities. The lowest tier is fewer those titles and publishers do not include Book, or OverDrive Read. The Adobe than 2,000 students. Half the annual e-books published by three of the six formats require users to use either an fee is a collection credit. major U.S. publishers, including Simon Adobe Digital Editions account on their Pricing for individual resources varies & Schuster, Macmillan (which is, computers or the OverDrive app on widely; resources may cost anywhere however, starting a pilot program with their mobile devices; the Open formats from 99 cents to more than $500. OverDrive to distribute certain titles do not. Kindle Books are read using a Within the realm of popular titles, for 24 months or 52 checkouts), and Kindle device or Kindle app. Except for the price of the e-book to libraries is Penguin (which ended its contract with Kindle Books on Kindle devices and frequently much higher than the price OverDrive in February 2012). Thus, OverDrive Read, all these formats for the print book or the consumer libraries will find that many popular require the user to install reader software e-book. Douglas County Libraries in titles are not available at all and some on a computer or mobile device. Castle Rock, Colorado, has released are available only on audiobook, such OverDrive Read is a new format that online several price comparison reports as Hilary Mantel’s award-winning novels allows users to read the title within a (available at evoke.cvlsites.org/resources- Wolf Hall and Bring Up the Bodies. Many modern web browser without having to guides-and-more/douglas-county- other popular titles—specifically, all install any reader software. Users are still experiment-model), which compare those from HarperCollins—are available required, however, to check out e-books library pricing and consumer pricing for 26 checkouts only. before reading them. for popular titles in both print and Another major consideration is the Audiobooks are available in one or electronic formats. For example, as of significant digital rights management both of two formats: MP3 and WMA. January 2, 2013, a print copy of Gone (DRM) limitations that both OverDrive MP3-format titles may be used like any Girl by Gillian Flynn (the third most and many publishers impose. The most MP3 file; they can be downloaded to popular book on Amazon) cost a

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library or a consumer around $14, and to libraries. In the past couple of years, 2013, Freading offers more than consumers could purchase an electronic several competitors have appeared. 20,000 titles. E-books are read using copy for $12.99, but the e-book costs a • Perhaps the biggest challenger so far Adobe Digital Editions or Freading’s library $75. is 3M’s Cloud Library (solutions.3m. apps for iPhone, iPad, and Android. Libraries have directly and indirectly com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/3MLibrar • Recorded Books offers the platform protested against pricing that makes ySystems/Home/Products/Cloud+Libr OneClickDigital (www.recordedbooks. increasingly popular e-books a burden ary), which offers more than 300 com/index.cfm?fuseaction=rb.ocd& on library budgets. Douglas County publishers and more than 200,000 Library) for audiobooks. Different Libraries’ response has been to develop titles. It has the same limited major types of purchasing are available, its own e-book platform and create its publisher availability, and it offers only including multiple-user subscriptions, own partnerships with publishers. The e-books. Users can, however, read a continuous order plans, and single-title Kansas State Library has taken its case title using different formats during the purchases. All titles are compatible to social media via a Facebook page, same checkout. According to Douglas with devices including the iPod, and www.facebook.com/thebig6ebooks, County Libraries’ Price Comparison an iPhone app is available. publicizing how the six major publishers Reports, pricing for individual titles is • Impelsys announced in February that (Hachette, Macmillan, Penguin Group, similar to OverDrive’s. In marketing it would offer a title acquisitions HarperCollins, Random House, and literature, 3M emphasizes Cloud system for libraries to order e-books Simon & Schuster) either do not make Library’s flexibility and “seamless directly from publishers. The system bestsellers available electronically to experience” for users. was developed with Douglas County libraries or price them far above the cost • Book distributor Baker & Taylor Libraries. to consumers. As a result, in recognition introduced Axis 360 (btol.com/ • Especially for law libraries is the of her efforts in the ongoing struggle axis360/index.htm) in December LexisNexis Digital Library (www. between libraries and e-book publishers 2011. Marketing literature points to lexisnexis.com/ebooks/lending), based and distributors, Kansas State Librarian an “integrated workflow for both print on the OverDrive platform. It offers Jo Budler was named Librarian of the and digital content.” It requires use of more than 1,200 law e-books. Year for 2013 by Library Journal. the e-reading software Blio, which is Subscribers also can purchase access to Our approach to this pricing available for different devices. Penguin, items in OverDrive’s standard content minefield has been to select our items which, as discussed above, is not catalog. for our audience carefully. Since we are available on OverDrive or the 3M not a public library and our collection is Cloud Library, has agreed to distribute Embracing the New Model very small, we have much less pressure Baker & Taylor’s e-books as a pilot in As consumers become more accustomed to purchase every bestseller. Instead, we Axis 360. to e-books in general and e-lending have focused on trying to select those • Freading (www.libraryideas.com/ specifically, our law school users are books that we think will interest law freading.html) is a product of Library likely to expect their materials to be faculty and students and spreading out Ideas, LLC. Freading offers libraries available similarly—and legal academic purchases over time for the opportunity e-books for lending without an publishers are already showing signs of to examine checkout and hold patterns. upfront or platform fee. Instead, responding. Cornell University Law The latter step has helped considerably libraries pay a fee each time a library Library’s e-lending pilot shows that the in divining the reading interests of our user downloads an e-book. Freading law school community is open to this community. allows multiple unlimited downloads, new model of access and lending. I subject only to the library’s ability to Nina E. Scholtz ([email protected]) limit downloading using Freading’s Alternatives to OverDrive is the digital resources librarian at Cornell Although Cornell University Law Library tokens (see, for example, Wyoming State Library’s explanation of Freading University Law Library in Ithaca, New chose OverDrive for its pilot, OverDrive York. is not the only e-lending service available tokens at gowyld.net/econtent/ freading/tokens.html). As of January

announcement Renew Your AALL Membership Early for a Chance to Win a Free Annual Meeting Registration On March 15, AALL dues invoices for 2013-2014 were mailed to June 14: Third dues invoices mailed out all library directors for their institutionally paid memberships and August 1: Expiration notices emailed to all members— to all other individual members. The deadline for membership individuals and those paid by institutions renewal is May 31. August 8: Expired members deleted from the AALL membership When you renew early—by May 1—you will be entered in a database and access to the AALLNET Members Only Section drawing for a free 2013 AALL Annual Meeting and Conference and Law Library Journal and AALL Spectrum subscriptions registration. If you renew on time—by May 31—you’ll be discontinued. entered in a drawing for a free AALL webinar of your choice in 2013-2014. For more information or to renew your membership online, view the application form on AALLNET at www.aallnet.org/ Following is the 2013 membership renewal schedule: Home-page-contents/Join-benefits. If you have any questions March 15: First dues invoices mailed out about your membership renewal, contact AALL Headquarters at [email protected] or 312/205-8022. May 10: Second dues invoices mailed out

AALL Spectrum I April 2013 23 AALLApr2013:1 3/13/13 10:34 AM Page 24

Can I Cancel My Print Case Reporter Collection? A look at the merits of free online resources as a substitute

By Paul Galfano

t the 2012 AALL Annual finding additional space is futile. He or using case law online resources), and Meeting and Conference in she bows to the inevitable and begins to refer students to the LibGuide again A Boston, I was struck by how weed out other print books (the victim and again. Students will benefit from many of the programs and vendor being the small library’s nonfiction this process as they realize its value and exhibits addressed online resources, collection). What makes this process usefulness, and they will feel more software services, and mobile computing frustrating for the librarian is that encouraged to use the library’s online (iPad apps, in particular). Since I’m the most of the existing cases (and judge’s legal resources. liaison for legal studies information opinions) are readily and easily available Moreover, this becomes an literacy at Berkeley College’s online, whether through a opportunity for the law librarian to small New York City subscription database, promote the LibGuide through the Campus Library, the such as Westlaw, or college’s information literacy program. comparison between from one of the free Many of the specific courses for which these online online legal we provide instruction to Berkeley resources and resources. College students (including legal and services and At Berkeley criminal justice courses) are inclusive our legal print College’s New of both related online databases, such as collections York City LexisNexis Academic, and a free website, became my Campus such as the Cornell University legal major takeaway Library, the portal. This would encourage students in terms of case reporter to use the case law LibGuide and refer providing print volumes back to it repeatedly for their research services to our extend over assignments. students. In two rows There are many examples of legal addition, many of rotating and case law LibGuides to speak of from articles recently shelves. Unlike law and academic libraries in America. published in Spectrum, other multivolume They typically feature the top five or so Law Library Journal, and legal print volumes, free online legal resources, and especially on law librarian blogs discuss Thomson Reuters (West) prominent would be Cornell University the increasing use of open-source, sends us a new volume of Law School Library’s excellent Legal free websites; e-books (free or fee-based); New York Supplements on a biweekly Information Institute (LII), which has paid electronic database subscriptions; basis to add to the collection. Thomson a section on New York case law. One can and social media in the library does not replace or update existing print make either a LibGuide or access point environment. volumes; therefore, that particular print (on a library’s website) to integrate the All this has been an eye opener, collection is continually growing and will case law online resources with tutorials mainly because we are considering ultimately spill over on to the shelving for using them. This could be in cancelling some of our legal print space for our other legal print conjunction with online databases such volumes, especially our case reporters. collections, as well as general nonfiction as LexisNexis Academic and Proquest The main questions at this point are: books. The idea of cancelling this (Criminal Justice module), as well as the Can we afford to cancel a major print expensive and expanding print collection other nonexpanding legal print volumes, multivolume set, such as a case reporter, is not only viable, but a cost-free providing students a larger picture of and instead utilize free online services? solution. available legal resources. Is it viable to cancel our library’s Online free legal resources are in In addition to the excellent Cornell subscription to our existing print case abundance and are growing quickly. One legal site, there are several other free reporter volumes—in our instance, a obvious practice that is used almost daily online sources that are available. These print set of New York Supplements? among librarians is creating LibGuides together are all adequate substitutes Can our students who come to us for for one-page access to online resources (along with associated online assistance make do with the plentiful (and commonly bridging to access the subscription databases) in the absence online tools and resources on legal cases? library’s subscription databases) on of the case reporter print volumes. specific subjects. This is certainly true of Following are brief descriptions of a Berkeley College librarians, and a legal few of the prominent, well-used, free LibGuides: A Solution? case LibGuide is already in the works as online sources: Here’s a scenario to consider: A librarian I write this. A well-placed LibGuide can • Google Scholar is an excellent free web tries to shelve a new volume of the be used exclusively to do research on case resource for case law and specific cases. case reporter New York Supplements law, duplicating the content available in Anurag Acharya, one of its founding alongside the many volumes of the print a print case reporter. A librarian can add engineers, adequately demonstrated collection but cannot do so because the video tutorials, as well as links to helpful this during his presentation at the shelving is already completely full. After one-page PDF “step-by-step” documents, 2012 AALL Annual Meeting. As new many attempts to shift and squeeze in to a case law LibGuide (specifically for legal items are being added to Google the volume, the librarian realizes that

24 AALL Spectrum I April 2013 © 2013 Paul Galfano • image © iStockphoto.com AALLApr2013:1 3/13/13 10:34 AM Page 25

Scholar, it is bound to be a major free particularly if the library has a large These questions are being considered online resource for legal research in collection. For example, I spoke with at Berkeley College Libraries, as we’ve the future. an AALL member who had the task already updated our Legal Studies ? • Cornell University’s School of Law of updating the 18,000 links in the Program, now offering a four-year degree Library maintains the LII, a collection of the defunct U.S. House (from a paralegal program two-year comprehensive free website covering Internet Law Library. Ultimately, a group degree). We’ve already concluded the all areas of the law from all 50 states. of people became involved in sharing the necessity of canceling, at the very least, • The school of law libraries at task. David Rogers wrote about this (as the expanding case reporter multivolume Georgetown and Rutgers Universities well as efforts to save the library from set. The coverage of online resources both offer excellent examples of how being defunded) in his article, “House for case law, while not perfect, suits our librarians have organized free online Internet Law Library Case Study – from library users’ needs in particular and is a resources and incorporated LibGuides a solo act to a collaboration,” published practical substitution. into their homepages. in Legal Reference Services Quarterly in It’s a small enrollment, and not too 2001. The case study implied that it can many access the print case reporters Overcoming Challenges be done with teamwork. (or even the other print volumes). There are pitfalls and challenges to However, students enrolled in our new switching entirely to free online resources Moving Forward Legal Studies Program can be guided (even when using the supplemental As we approach the new dawn of the increasingly toward free legal case LibGuide approach). At one prominent electronic/digital era in library services, websites (via the online case law law school library, a librarian explained several questions arise. Should we move LibGuide), which they’ll be able to access from different locations, including that students wind up using Westlaw or forward in assisting students and patrons I Bloomberg Law most of the time. This without relying on the availability of the home, and from different devices. certainly becomes a challenge for the law “safe” print case reporters? Are we ready Paul Galfano (pag@berkeley librarian and emphasizes the need to to assume new innovations with regard college.edu), MLIS, is associate library aggressively promote the LibGuide or to shelf space in our smaller academic director at Berkeley College’s New York access point to the free online resources. law libraries? Are we considering ways to City Campus Library. Another issue is maintaining the save money in the current and future links of the free online resources, eras of austere budgets?

gamification continued from page 9

the necessary support from day one. when an activity is one participants Depending on the size of your library do not view to be valuable, as Self-Publishing and the scope of the project, this will discussed previously, and when likely mean involving a team of people, extrinsic motivations will actually Digital Books: possibly even including those outside be counterproductive, such as when Options, Considerations, the library. For example, when the patrons already willingly and happily and Insights University of San Diego’s Legal Research participate in an activity. Center was evaluating the use of Moreover, as gamification continues By Brian R. Huffman SCVNGR, the cross-departmental to gain popularity, it is worthwhile to tinyurl.com/bh9envu team included reference librarians, understand the topic’s potential legal a law school student affairs person, and implications. Legal scholars are already E-books are all the rage in publishing a web developer. And, once the game beginning to consider the various legal these days. Anyone can self-publish a implications of gamification, including is developed, make sure that you have book. The publishing options range from a means for receiving feedback and privacy issues, property rights (for free open source to all-inclusive paid evaluating its success. Because successful example, with respect to virtual gamification projects must be carefully property), and employment law. Miriam services. This article addresses initial tailored to participants, this feedback A. Cherry has written an essay for considerations and will be vital to refining and improving the Hofstra Law Review titled “The presents possible future versions of the game. Gamification of Work,” in which she applications and argues that “[t]he gamification of publishing models work is a growing trend with important that are presently The Implications of Gamification available. A Gamification has the potential to help implications for employment law.” libraries engage and excite their patrons As these legal implications are studied discussion of how in new ways and can be a powerful tool by more scholars and eventually make self-publishing fits into the spectrum of when used with care. But gamification is their way to the courts, law librarians social media versus academic not a miracle cure. Many libraries will will be well served by understanding publishing is also included. find that it does not meet their needs. the issues surrounding the topic. For However, even if gamification isn’t right better or worse, gamification is unlikely for your library, there are valuable to disappear anytime soon, so it is important that libraries learn about it lessons to learn from the studies that I have been done on the topic. For and leverage it to their best advantage. example, many libraries use extrinsic Carli Spina ([email protected]. motivation in some form or another, edu) is the emerging technologies and whether it’s through contests or overdue research librarian at Harvard Law School fees. Studies done on gamification can Library in Cambridge, Massachusetts. help you develop a deeper understanding of extrinsic motivations, namely

AALL Spectrum I April 2013 25 AALLApr2013:1 3/14/13 8:20 AM Page 26

the reference desk By Susan Catterall

As you can see, you’ve opened a whole One of our vendors recently new can of gummy worms by introducing dropped off a box of fancy the subject of food in the workplace. I’ve Are you in a sticky situation with a Q:chocolates. I happened to walk seen individuals ransack a boxed lunch in colleague? Looking for ways to discuss into the break room as one of our younger order to retrieve only the cookie or the advancement with your supervisor? librarians was cutting a tiny piece off of a apple. I’ve observed someone double Send your questions to columnist corner of a chocolate. She explained that dipping in the guacamole. I’ve been Susan Catterall at scatterall@ she wanted to know what the center of the reluctant to take chips from a bag because charlottelaw.edu. candy was. I was caught off guard and I wondered whether the person ahead blurted out that many people don’t want of me had washed his hands a piece of candy that someone has cut before reaching into it. into. She stopped what she was doing Interestingly, I wouldn’t have and didn’t seem offended, but she given a second thought to walked away without taking any any of this if I had been at Next Month in Spectrum candy and I was left feeling like home among friends and a crabby old lady. I suppose family, and that’s the root of Here’s a taste of what you can I should be relieved that she used a this issue. look forward to in the May knife and didn’t punch a hole into the issue of Spectrum: underside of the candy with her finger. Did I overreact? In general, our work environment has relaxed and lost the formality it once had. • AALL Spectrum’s 13th We address each other by first names, and Annual Architecture Series I don’t think so. In my opinion, her our co-workers have been a second family. behavior was inappropriate. At Because we behave as though we’re • Millions of magazines hidden in the Google A:worst, it was rude, and at best, it among family, we also exhibit our Books Library Project threaten U.S. was clueless. It was no less inappropriate respective families’ customs and attitudes. copyright because she used a knife rather than her At home it may be permissible to break off finger; it was simply more hygienic. If she part of a brownie, drink from a communal • Collaborating with the public library system was hesitant to take a piece because she coffee mug, or share a tasting spoon. on legal resource programs for public has food allergies, she should have read the That’s usually not the case among work librarians ingredients or simply declined. If she had colleagues. We don’t have to conduct wanted a piece of candy, she should have ourselves as though we’re having tea with used her best guess, picked one, and lived the queen, but we do need to be mindful with and learned from her choice. She also and acknowledge that we don’t all share could have disposed of the candy if she had the same sensibilities. chosen a piece that she didn’t care for. memorials However, if she had done that, she should AALL Spectrum has been advised of have done so tactfully by wrapping the I’m not sure what you could have done the death of Sue Johnson. uneaten portion in a napkin and placing it differently even if you hadn’t been caught in a trash container. If others were present, off-guard. You’re not the etiquette police, Ms. Johnson was a librarian at she should have disposed of the piece and unsolicited advice would probably have Carrington, Coleman, Sloman & discreetly to avoid hurting anyone’s been unwelcome. Once again, it comes Blumenthal, L.L.P. in Dallas for 28 feelings. down to communication, modeling the years until she retired in 2009. She behavior, and facilitating the change. For was also a longtime, active member of example, you can make sure (or suggest) AALL. She passed away February 21. As far as I’m concerned, there are a limited that ladles, tongs, individual cups, plates, number of reasons why “cut into” or and containers of hand sanitizer be placed AALL Spectrum carries brief “pieces of” food should be served at work: in close proximity to food. When offered announcements of members’ deaths in (1) salad and sandwich fixings are being food, you might respond with “I’d love the “Memorials” column. Traditional provided buffet style; (2) food has been some; just let me wash my hands.” If it memorials should be submitted to catered and arrives as halved sandwiches doesn’t seem too heavy-handed, you could Janet Sinder, Law Library Journal, and sliced desert bars; (3) two individuals draft a small sign, such as “Please help Brooklyn Law School Library, 250 have agreed to share an item; and, yourself; the cups may be used as ladles.” Joralemon St., Brooklyn, NY 11201- possibly, (4) someone has brought an 3798 or emailed to janet.sinder@ insufficient number of items to be shared brooklaw.edu. among a group of individuals. An example Above all, be patient. I’d love to hear what of this might be that someone brought six ideas others may have for addressing this doughnuts for twelve people. I don’t even issue. like it when someone who “just can’t eat a whole one” has cut or (shudder) broken a cookie in half and leaves the remainder, Susan Catterall (scatterall@charlottelaw. orphaned and unappetizing, on a plate. edu) is reference librarian at the Charlotte School of Law in North Carolina.

26 AALL Spectrum I April 2013 AALLApr2013:1 3/13/13 10:34 AM Page 27

What is one word or phrase you would like to ban from law member to member librarians’ vocabulary?

I am too busy. This is I would ban the term “Web 2.0.” I would 1. “Free” resources . . . NO RESOURCES not my job. ban this for two reasons. First, it just are free. They may not (appear to) cost the sounds ridiculous. When I retire from this user/patron anything, but they have been —Katrina Piechnik, profession 30 years paid for somehow (via membership fees, library systems from now, will student fees, firm manager at Jenkins the discussion overhead, taxes, mill Law Library in be about Web levies [for public Philadelphia 113.0? Second, Web libraries], etc.). Katrina Piechnik X.0 implies that the technology evolves “Patron.” I cannot in steps, which it 2. “Kids” . . . when abide that word. Let’s use more active, doesn’t. Think of referring to law descriptive words: user, requestor, customer, John Butler the evolution of students or newer client, seeker—it depends on the context computing, from associates; it just Druet Cameron Klugh and information need. But “patron” large desktops to the isn’t appropriate. sounds, well, patronizing: passive, current tablets. The trend was always for condescending, observing rather than smaller, more portable, more interactive —Druet Cameron Klugh, senior reference doing. devices. The web is the same way; the legal librarian/bibliographer at University of profession is gradually moving more and Iowa College of Law Library in Iowa City —Elizabeth A. Greenfield, information more resources on to the web. This gradual resources manager at Parker Ibrahim & evolutionary process defies the 1.0, 2.0, Berg LLC in Somerset, New Jersey etc., label. Because of the evolutionary Computer-aided legal research (CALR). process of technology, the law librarian It’s a retro phrase that should be banished that thinks in terms of Web X.0 and is from our vocabulary. I cringe when I hear GOOD LAW with waiting for the next revolutionary change someone use that expression, and the look respect to a citator risks missing the evolutionary changes on the faces of students who hear it is because I think it going on. always quizzical. For them, what other kind builds overconfidence of research is there? In the 21st century, it’s in the citator —John Butler, Sedona, Arizona an outdated description of legal research report/signal and and implies that there is something mystical makes people forget about it. Legal research is legal research, to read and analyze Rachel Gordon 1. The librarian carries out independent of the format. It really has the underlying law. research/reference for the attorney, the become a pet peeve for me, and it’s a attorney thanks the librarian, and the phrase that should —Access Services Librarian Rachel librarian responds: “No Problem.” lapse into the history Gordon, Furman Smith Law Library, Mercer This thoughtless phrase serves to books. University School of Law, Macon, Georgia minimize the attorney who —Cynthia Pittson, made the head of reference I have two related phrases that I would like request, and services and adjunct to see banned, not just by law librarians, it serves to professor of law at but also by the administrators we work minimize the Pace University School with. One is: “But we’ve always done it work of the Cynthia Pittson of Law Library in White that way.” The other is: “We tried that librarian who Plains, New York once, and it didn’t work then, so it won’t took care of work now.” Banning these would not only the request. Mark Mackler give us the freedom to innovate but would “Customer.” also help us to improve our image with our employers, patrons, 2. The librarian uses the word “collection” —Paul J. Donovan, state law librarian at and within the to refer to the library. I use “resources” Vermont State Library in Montpelier profession. instead. Collections belong in museums, not in law libraries. —Director of Library Services —Mark Mackler, supervising librarian at Sarah K.C. Mauldin, the California Department of Justice Office Smith, Gambrell & of the Attorney General Law Library in San Sarah Mauldin Russell, LLP, Atlanta Francisco

AALL Spectrum I April 2013 27 AALLApr2013:1 3/13/13 10:34 AM Page 28

views from you

Share Your Views with Spectrum Many law libraries have interesting or dramatic views of cityscapes, mountain ranges, or beautiful vistas. Others boast amazing interiors, sparkling facades, or artful landscaping. What views of your library are meaningful to you? Whether it’s the atmosphere surrounding your reference desk or a moment captured on your morning commute, this is your chance to share it with AALL. In order to be publishable, pictures must be of relatively high quality. Although we can work with a print, digital submissions are better. Digital submissions must be high resolution (300 dpi). Depending on the number of submissions received, we will publish one or two photos in each issue of Spectrum and post them on AALLNET. Photos will be published on a first-come, first-served basis. Publication of a submitted photo is not guaranteed. To submit a photo, or if you have questions, contact AALL Marketing and Communications Manager Ashley St. John at [email protected].

The 3rd Annual 1883 Black Ice Pond Hockey Championship held January 25 at White Park, just across the street from the University of New Hampshire School of Law in Concord. Photos taken by Mary Sheffer, director of alumni affairs at UNH School of Law, and submitted by Sue Zago, director of law library and assistant professor of law at UNH School of Law. A history of pond hockey can be found at www.blackicepondhockey.com/history. html.

28 AALL Spectrum I April 2013 AALLCovApr2013:Layout 1 3/13/13 9:40 AM Page 2

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© 2011 Thomson Reuters L-368456/5-11 Thomson Reuters and the Kinesis logo are trademarks of Thomson Reuters. AALLMBApr:AALLMembbrief_Dec 3/13/13 9:30 AM Page 1 Members’ Briefing

American Association of Law Libraries AALL Spectrum April 2013

AALL Guide: A Case for AALL Guide to Fair Business Practices Good Business for Legal Publishers The Third Edition of the AALL Guide to Fair Business Practices for Legal By Kay Todd Publishers, approved in November 2012 by the Executive Board, provides The initial development of the AALL The guide is a voluntary document, guidelines for legal publishers doing Guide to Fair Business Practices for and its success depends on its use by business with librarians and other Legal Publishers was a response to the customers and on a commitment by legal consumers of legal information. This Members’ Briefing introduces Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC’s) publishers to implement its principles. As AALL members to the new edition a voluntary code, it appropriately uses announcement that it intended to rescind of the guide, which takes into the Guides for the Law Book Industry. the term “should,” but AALL strongly consideration challenges of the AALL argued for retention of the recommends its implementation by legal current procurement environment. Law Book Guides, but the FTC was publishers as the minimum standard for The greater reliance on the guide by dismantling a regulatory structure that fair business practices. Central to the legal resource consumers and greater included guides for other industries, and guide is the premise that good customer adherence to its principles by legal AALL was not successful in averting the service benefits the legal publisher as publishers can promote a good business environment. rescission. The FTC encouraged private well as the customer. groups to develop consumer tools, and The guide is intended to be a practical To this end, I asked members involved in the revision and AALL acted to develop a consumer guide reference tool for consumers, structured application of the guide to share their of recommended practices for law book around five principles: (1) Truthful publishing. The resulting guide, the perspectives and experiences. Kay and Accurate Communication, (2) Todd, chair of the 2011-2012 AALL AALL Guide to Fair Business Practices for Disclosure, (3) Fair Dealing, (4) Customer Guide to Fair Business Practices for Legal Publishers, was approved by the Satisfaction, and (5) Product Quality. Legal Publishers Revisions Task Executive Board in 2002, revised in Each principle is amplified by supporting Force, provides a history of the guide, 2008, and revised again in 2012. This sub-principles and clarified by practices its development over time, and the decade-long dedication to the interests to avoid or follow. The 2012 third edition issues the task force confronted in of law librarians as consumers and to is the result of a year-long effort to take making its revisions. Margie Maes, monitoring the business practices of legal into consideration the current legal AALL vendor liaison and task force member, describes the value of the publishers demonstrates the strength of publishing environment, including guide as an important component in AALL’s ongoing commitment in this area. changes to the sources of legal the Association’s overall vendor information, new distribution relations policy. Michelle Cosby, mechanisms, altered consumer needs, Committee on Relations with and new sales and pricing practices. It Information Vendors (CRIV) chair, expands on some concepts from the 2008 discusses practical ways members can edition and introduces several new ones. use the guide with examples of how Remarkably, however, many of the broad CRIV has used it to resolve member- areas of concern remain the same for vendor issues. Mike Bernier, task force member and CRIV member, customers as they were in 2000. presents the guide from the vendor’s Among the changes to the third edition perspective, explaining how it can are several that deserve special comment. improve customer service and be These include an expanded definition useful for a positive consumer- vendor experience. of customer service that focuses on maximizing the value of the product and I am very grateful to this Briefing’s on the amount of time the customer must contributors. I also wish to thank dedicate to resolving issues. Customer and acknowledge the additional service is defined as: “Assistance provided members of the 2011-2012 Task by a publisher to enable a customer to Force, including Kathy Coon, Jean Mattimoe, and Adeen Postar, for receive the best possible value for the their dedicated work in revising this product by minimizing the amount of time important tool for law librarians and the customer needs to spend in answering the legal information industry. any questions about or resolving problems concerning the product.”

Jean M. Wenger AALL President, 2012-2013 AALLMBApr:AALLMembbrief_Dec 3/13/13 9:30 AM Page 2

American Association of Law Libraries AALL Spectrum Members’ Briefing April 2013 2

The guide emphasizes the need for Customers continue to want The guide addresses licensing clear information on whom to contact for prenotification of changes. The volume agreements and contracts and customer service, reflecting in part the of new judicial and nonjudicial decisions recommends that confidentiality comments received by the committee and the increased level of statutory restrictions be limited. It also about multiple contact numbers for a enactments and regulatory changes recommends that publishers avoid single publisher as well as products present challenges for legal publishers nondisclosure clauses and nonnegotiable and correspondence that omit a contact and customers alike. As a consequence, elements of contracts. These concepts are email or telephone number. A new publishers seek new solutions to linked explicitly to a recommendation sub-principle addresses divestitures and coverage, and those solutions often that publishers adhere to the AALL electronic licensing principles, which are sales of products, urging publishers to involve expanded publications and provide customers with a list of the currently under review but likely to be format changes. Customers need to affected titles to which they subscribe. reissued in a substantially similar form understand the associated budgetary A new practice to follow suggests a as the version adopted in 2004. implications and have clear information customer service FAQ on a publisher’s about the updated scope of coverage. These and many other changes ensure website as a way to facilitate resolution that the guide’s third edition reflects the of some questions. Customers continue As a result, this revision in the guide current legal publishing environment to complain about delayed responses to proposes advance notification of and the concerns of customers. The guide inquiries and about the lack of progress changes in format, content, or pricing, is not a static document, and it will reports when a question requires some specifically including changes from certainly need revision in the future. It is, research by the publisher, and these loose-leaf to annual soft cover format however, a powerful tool for customers issues are more fully addressed in the and a recompilation that will have a today, both in defining customer third edition. separate, significant price increase. expectations and in providing the service standard that customers should demand.

A Cornerstone of Policy By Margaret K. Maes

The AALL Guide to Fair Business Practices own to educate sellers and purchasers the Association in its advocacy efforts for Legal Publishers has been the about the information purchasers of with publishers. The principles and best cornerstone of the Association’s vendor legal reference materials need to make practices outlined in the guide respond relations activity since the guide’s purchasing decisions. Indeed, eliminating directly to issues or scenarios reported inception in 2002. the Guides may provide the incentive for by law librarians over a number of years. these associations to develop their own Articulating these principles and best Prior to that time, law librarians relied on Guides that address their members’ most practices for legal publishers to follow the Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC’s) important concerns.” See 65 Fed. Reg. in their interactions with customers Guides for the Law Book Industry, 2867, Jan. 19, 2000. provides an educational and operational promulgated in 1975 and codified at 16 resource for both publishers and C.F.R. §256 (2000). The guides provided AALL, with more than 5,000 members, librarians. As a tool for advocacy with some measure of protection for law book represents law librarians and related legal publishers, it is used by the vendor consumers in areas such as advertising professionals who are affiliated with liaison, the Committee on Relations with about industry products, required a wide range of institutions: law Information Vendors, AALL member disclosures, unordered materials, upkeep firms; law schools; corporate legal libraries, and individual law librarians services, subscription renewals, and departments; courts; and local, state, and and nonlibrarians who are purchasers of billing practices. federal government agencies. AALL legal information. AALL’s leadership in members are major consumers of print When the FTC decided to eliminate the developing and maintaining this resource and electronic legal information, so guides in 2000, it stated, among other continues to have a significant impact the development of an Association on facilitating effective and productive things, that the guides were overly publication to address member concerns relationships between publishers and regulatory in the detail they provided about publisher practices became a high consumers of legal information. and that there appeared to be no priority following the FTC’s decision. justification for singling out this Although the guide is a voluntary particular industry—the law book From the first edition to the recently code, AALL strongly encourages legal industry—for such specific advice. The adopted third edition, the AALL Guide to publishers to commit to implementing FTC also suggested that associations such Fair Business Practices for Legal Publishers the principles articulated in the guide as AALL could “adopt Guides of their has provided a valuable framework for and to ensuring that staffs in key AALLMBApr:AALLMembbrief_Dec 3/13/13 9:30 AM Page 3

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departments have a thorough a reference for establishing a cordial to other consumers of legal information, understanding of these principles. and successful business relationship. including non-law librarians, attorneys, AALL also encourages law librarians to procurement officers, and other The AALL Guide to Fair Business Practices familiarize themselves with the guide, consumers of legal information. In my for Legal Publishers is the key supporting its principles, and its sub-principles. role as AALL’s vendor liaison, I will If consumers of legal information document for AALL’s newly developed continue to emphasize the importance of regard the guide as a minimum basis Vendor Relations Policy. AALL plans to the guide in my conversations with legal for fair business practices by legal distribute the guide widely—not just to publishers and law librarians. My hope is publishers, they will be able to refer to traditional legal publishers, but also to that legal publishers and law librarians the guide and the principles in their newer and smaller publishing companies alike will recognize the guide as an communications with publishers. that might not be familiar with the guide. indispensable tool of the trade and a Both parties should use the guide as We will market and publicize the guide resource that they can turn to every day.

The Guide in Practice By Michelle Cosby

With a new edition of the AALL Guide to Librarians should use the guide to • Principle 3.1 Fair Dealing— Fair Business Practices for Legal Publishers help them navigate their dealings with Customer Consent available, both librarians and vendors information vendors any time an issue • Principle 3.3 Fair Dealing— may wonder how this resource could arises. If you are new to librarianship or Substantive Supplementation benefit them today. you move into a position that puts you in contact with vendors, the guide has • Principle 3.4 Fair Dealing— As the chair of the Committee on several useful features. Definitions for Unsolicited Communication Relations with Information Vendors commonly used terms are available. (CRIV), I use the guide when CRIV Additionally, a librarian can gain • Principle 3.6 Fair Dealing— receives a Request for Assistance from guidance from the “Practices to Avoid” Forthcoming Edition or Substantial an AALL member. Occasionally, the and “Practices to Follow” sections. Revision. librarian requesting assistance has By utilizing the practices to avoid and already reviewed the guide prior to Similarly, CRIV encourages all legal follow, you can more readily determine contacting CRIV and has listed the vendors, large and small, to familiarize whether an issue has arisen. This may principle or principles that he or she themselves with the Guide to Fair also help when negotiating a new believes the vendor has not followed. Business Practices. The principles in contract for your library, resolving The CRIV Member Advocacy the guide foster healthy working a billing dispute, or attempting to Subcommittee reviews each request, relationships between the vendor obtain missing materials. However, we and, if we find additional principles and the library by ensuring that all have to keep in mind that vendors are that have not been followed, we may customers are treated similarly and encouraged to follow the guide, so, include those in our communication fairly. As with librarians, vendors can when dealing with an issue, be sure with the vendor. However, even if no also benefit from the practices to avoid to read any other pertinent documents principles have been suggested, the and practices to follow listed throughout to help reach a successful resolution. Member Advocacy Subcommittee keeps the guide. By using the Guide to Fair If you are unable to reach a satisfactory the principles in mind and will include Business Practices, information vendors resolution, you can contact CRIV for dishonored principles as necessary can guarantee a high level of customer assistance by using our Request for when seeking to resolve an issue with service and a successful means for Assistance web form available at www. a vendor. While I do not always cite resolution should an issue arise. aallnet.org/main-menu/Advocacy/ to a principle when sending the initial vendorrelations/request-assistance.html. Even if you use the guide regularly, communication to resolve an issue, be sure to familiarize yourself with I do keep the principles in mind when Since I have been a member of CRIV, the third edition. Both librarians and drafting my communications with the some practices have been at issue more vendors following the Guide to Fair vendor. I also will cite to principles if often than others. Reviewing these Business Practices for Legal Publishers can the situation escalates and there is not a principles may be a good starting place make certain there is a meeting of the willingness to work toward a mutually when working to resolve an issue with minds if the principles are followed. agreeable solution to the issue. I also a legal vendor: send the guide to vendors as necessary • Principle 1.1. Truthful and Accurate when they ask how they can avoid Communication—Truthful Advertising problems in the future. AALLMBApr:AALLMembbrief_Dec 3/13/13 9:30 AM Page 4

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Clear Guidance for Publishers By Michael Bernier

The 2012 edition of the AALL Guide to the guidelines directly take on practices Librarians should always let publishers Fair Business Practices for Legal Publishers that librarians have experienced—such as know when they encounter a practice offers legal information publishers solid, failing to remove a customer from mass that negatively impacts their library. practical business practices to follow mailings or sending a solicitation that If the practice is addressed in the guide, when working with law librarians. looks like an invoice. Some of these cite the provision in the guide and As the publisher representative on the practices are not just bad but also may any relevant “Practices to Avoid” and task force that created the 2012 revision, violate federal or state law. Other “Practices to Follow.” Often the “Practice I was able to see the care and attention practices—such as not limiting customer to Follow” may serve as a roadmap given by the task force and AALL service hours to 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday on how to fix the problem. Not all members who offered feedback to through Friday—may be hard for a small customer service representatives or sales create a meaningful, practical guide that publisher to follow but codify a basic representatives will be familiar with the is in the best interests of librarians and good practice: be available in some way guide. Ask who handles the company’s when your customers need you. relationship with AALL or is the best publishers alike. person to speak with about an industry I would encourage publishers to The very specific “Practices to Follow” standard of business practices. The major distribute print copies of the guide and “Practices to Avoid” give publishers publishers all have a library relations to senior members of their marketing a clear view of practices that should liaison, and they should be the first teams and customer operations units be incorporated into their business person to go to for those organizations and assign a point person—most often a with that role. operations. Certainty is a good thing in library relations contact—to answer any any business. Knowing what rules to questions about the guide. I have used While working on the task force, more follow—or not—with as much clarity as the guide as an opportunity to introduce than once did I ask, “Does that really possible helps any organization meet the myself to new marketing managers and happen?” when hearing of a practice that needs of its customers. No publisher to start a discussion about the guide and struck me as something no one would wants to alienate its customers, and much the special interests of the law library ever do. Each time, I heard a resounding of what is in the guide are simply good community. The point person for the “yes” from others on the task force. That practices to follow, such as truthful and guide should periodically meet with confirmed to me the value of the guide, accurate communication, full disclosure of customer service and marketing heads the clarity of guidance it offers, and its products and services, and fair dealings. to review the guide to see how they can importance in library/vendor relations. That’s not to diminish the value of the improve customer service by following I applaud the work of the task force in guide or the fact that not all publishers are the “Practices to Follow” and seeking to updating the guide as a means to help aware of all aspects of the guide. Some of avoid the “Practices to Avoid.” the publishing community improve customer relations.